Hub : Genes

PCDH18

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.105 0.042 0.0026 0.010 NA 0.030 NA 0.019 0.0580 NA 0.0024 NA 0.0130
2 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.041 0.025 0.0074 0.021 0.003 0.016 NA 0.021 0.0035 0.16 0.0097 NA 0.0035

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.8 1.3 1.7 -1.3 0.9
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.3 -1.2 0.0
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 0.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.9 1.2 1.8 1.4 -0.7
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.4 2.4 -0.7 -1.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 -0.9
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.9 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.8 0.0
Reaction Time 0.9 1.7 3.3 1.8 0.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4
Breast Cancer 0.6 1.4 2.3 -1.5 -0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.6
Prostate Cancer 1.2 1.7 1.7 -1.3 -1.3
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.8 1.3 1.1 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6
Mean Putamen Volume 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.3
Fasting Glucose 0.5 0.6 1.3 -1.1 -0.1
HbA1C 2.9 3.2 4.5 -2.1 -1.4
HDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.2 2.3 1.5 0.2
LDL Cholesterol 1.0 1.6 2.4 -1.5 0.9
Lupus 1.2 1.8 3.5 0.2 -1.9
Neuroticism (2016) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.7 0.9 1.5 0.6 -1.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.3 1.8 2.2 -1.5 -1.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.1 -0.7
Triglycerides 0.6 1.0 1.7 -1.3 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.7 0.8 1.2 -0.7 -1.1
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.8 1.3 1.1 -0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.5 0.9 -0.3 -1.0
Blood Red Count 0.5 5.1 7.6 1.6 2.8
Blood White Count 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.8
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 2.9 0.2 -1.7
BMI 0.2 1.0 1.4 -0.7 1.2
Height 0.7 12.9 25.7 -5.1 -0.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.4 1.9 2.6 1.1 -1.6
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.5 2.4 4.8 2.2 0.3
Smoking Status 0.8 2.0 2.7 1.6 1.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.3 2.4 1.5 0.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.5 1.1 1.9 1.4 -0.5
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.6 2.8 4.5 2.1 -1.0
Lung FVC 0.3 1.7 2.6 -1.6 0.8
Neuroticism 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.4
Chronotype (morning person) 1.3 3.0 3.3 -1.8 -1.7
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.0
Tanning 0.1 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.1
Hand grip strength (left) 2.0 5.1 9.5 -3.1 0.9
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.6 0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 3.7 6.3 8.7 -2.0 3.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.3
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.2 1.9 1.4 0.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.9 -0.6
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.1 3.2 5.4 2.3 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.2 1.3 2.6 -1.6 0.1
Angina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.6 1.2 -1.1 0.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4
Supplements: Zinc 3.7 4.0 4.4 1.9 2.1
Medication: Co-codamol 1.1 1.2 1.9 -1.4 0.8
Medication: Metformin 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.5
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.3 -1.1
Diabetes (mother) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 2.7 3.0 5.4 2.3 0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.5 2.2 3.1 -1.2 -1.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.5 2.4 4.0 2.0 0.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.0 5.2 -2.3 0.9
Trunk fat percentage 0.4 1.4 2.7 1.6 0.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.6 1.6 1.7 -1.3 1.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.6
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.8 1.6 -0.2 1.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.2 1.5 2.8 -1.7 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 1.0 1.4 2.8 0.3 1.7
Fed-up feelings 1.5 2.7 2.8 -1.6 1.7
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.7
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 -0.9
Taking other prescription medications 0.7 1.0 1.8 0.5 1.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.0 1.1 2.2 -1.5 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.1 1.7 -0.7 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.3 1.4 2.6 1.6 0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4
High blood pressure 0.8 2.2 4.2 2.1 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.8
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.8 1.0 2.0 -1.4 -0.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 2.6 1.6 0.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.1 0.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5
Sitting height 1.4 10.2 20.2 -4.5 0.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.0 2.3 3.9 0.8 2.0
High blood pressure (mother) 1.3 1.9 3.3 1.8 0.7
Body mass index (BMI) 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.6
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.5 2.8 1.7 0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.1 5.1 -2.3 1.0
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9
Waist circumference 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.8 3.0 5.9 0.3 -2.4
Past tobacco smoking 2.1 3.8 4.1 -2.0 -1.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.7 1.4 0.0 1.2
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.7 1.1 1.8 1.3 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 -0.3
Had menopause 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3
Had other major operations 0.8 1.0 1.5 -1.2 0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.7 6.6 8.6 -2.9 2.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.4 0.9 1.6 0.4 -1.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.8 1.0 1.7 -1.3 0.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.5 0.8 1.2 -0.7 -1.1
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 -0.1
Allergy 0.5 1.2 1.4 1.0 -1.2
Pain all over the body in last month 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.3 -1.0
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.7
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 2.2 -1.5 0.4
Medication: Ramipril 1.9 2.4 2.6 1.5 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.8 0.5
Illnesses of siblings 2.1 3.0 5.8 -2.4 -0.4
Neuroticism score 0.6 1.3 1.4 -1.1 1.2
Weight 0.3 1.3 1.9 -1.4 0.8
Impedance of arm (right) 1.3 6.0 11.2 3.3 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.9 3.7 1.9 0.4
Trunk fat-free mass 1.3 7.4 12.5 -3.5 1.5
Hip circumference 0.3 1.4 1.5 -1.1 1.2
Time employed in main current job 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.0
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.5 0.9 -0.1 1.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.4 -1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.2 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.7
Number of live births 1.1 1.6 2.5 -1.6 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.5 5.1 7.6 -2.8 1.6
Pulse rate 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0
Happiness 2.1 2.6 3.6 -1.9 1.2
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.9 2.0 3.2 -1.8 -0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.5 1.7 2.7 -1.6 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.3 2.5 0.3 1.6
Asthma 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.7 1.1 1.9 1.4 0.6
Depression (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 1.2 -0.8 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
Prospective memory result 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Illnesses of mother 1.5 1.9 3.8 -0.2 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.5 4.7 6.4 -2.5 1.8
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.7
Impedance of arm (left) 1.1 4.9 9.1 3.0 -0.8
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9
Trunk predicted mass 1.2 7.1 11.8 -3.4 1.5
Standing height 0.6 6.4 12.3 -3.5 0.7
Length of working week for main job 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.6
Breastfed as a baby 1.1 1.4 2.2 0.8 1.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.7 1.2 0.4 1.1
Birth weight of first child 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.3 -1.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.9 2.1 3.9 0.5 2.0
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.9 1.5 0.4 -1.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.8 1.0 1.3 -1.1 0.8
Loud music exposure frequency 1.8 2.0 4.0 -0.2 2.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.3 1.7 2.4 -1.6 0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.5 1.9 1.0 1.4
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.0 1.3 -1.1 0.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.3 1.5 -1.0 -1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4
Gout (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.3 1.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0
Medication: Amlodipine 1.7 2.3 3.2 1.8 1.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.3 1.1
Birth weight 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.3 1.5 2.3 -1.5 0.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 3.3 4.7 9.3 3.0 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.3 4.6 5.4 -2.3 2.0
Body fat percentage 0.5 1.9 2.8 1.7 1.0
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.5
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.4 7.2 12.8 -3.6 1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 -0.6
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9
Number of full brothers 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.0
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.0 1.7 2.3 1.1 1.5
Number of children fathered 2.7 3.1 5.2 -2.3 1.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.6 1.1
Age at first live birth 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.9 0.9
Health satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.0 1.2 1.2 -1.1 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 3.9 4.7 9.3 3.0 0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.8
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.2 2.1 2.4 -1.6 -1.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 3.5 5.0 5.4 -2.3 -2.1
Medication: Blood pressure 1.5 2.7 4.1 2.0 1.1
Angina (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5
Medication: Allopurinol 0.8 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.2
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.3 2.4 3.8 2.0 -1.0
Heart disease (mother) 1.6 2.0 3.5 -0.6 1.9
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.4 1.7 3.1 -0.5 1.8
Whole body fat mass 0.2 0.7 1.2 0.5 1.1
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 1.9 0.5 1.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.3 6.5 10.7 -3.3 1.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 2.2 -0.8 -1.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.3 4.0 -2.0 0.7
Number of full sisters 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.7 1.2 -0.3 -1.1
Overall health rating 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4
Had major operations 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.2 -0.9
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.0 -1.1
Family relationship satisfaction 2.1 2.6 4.5 -0.8 2.1
Leg pain on walking 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.1 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.9 1.1 2.0 -0.4 -1.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.6
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.5 4.9 2.2 0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.7 2.3 2.7 1.4 1.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.4
Smoking status: Previous 1.1 1.7 2.6 1.6 0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.2 1.0
Whole body fat-free mass 1.1 6.1 10.5 -3.2 1.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.9 7.4 -2.7 0.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 3.6 1.9 0.4
Average weekly red wine intake 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.3 0.8
Mood swings 0.4 0.7 1.2 -0.3 1.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.2 1.4 1.8 -1.0 -1.4
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.7 1.0 -1.0 0.6
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1
Friendships satisfaction 2.4 2.9 4.3 -1.3 2.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.8 1.3 2.4 0.3 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 1.5 0.6 1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.4
Medication for cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.7 0.9 1.1 -0.8 -1.1
Back pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.8 1.0 -0.8 1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.8
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 2.7 3.4 6.0 -0.9 2.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.0 -0.9
Medication: Gliclazide 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.5 0.6 1.1 -1.0 -0.3
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.8 1.6 0.0 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.5 1.0 1.5 -1.2 0.7
Whole body water mass 1.1 6.2 10.6 -3.2 1.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.7 3.7 7.0 -2.6 0.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.6
Miserableness 0.7 1.3 1.9 -1.4 0.8
Guilty feelings 0.6 0.9 1.4 -1.2 -0.5
Wears glasses or contact lenses 3.0 3.5 6.8 0.4 2.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.2
Hearing aid user 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.7
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.9 1.1 1.3 -0.9 1.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.1 1.3 1.7 -1.3 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.5 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.7 3.3 1.8 -0.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.2 1.8 2.9 1.7 0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0
Medication: Lisinopril 1.1 1.4 2.7 1.7 -0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.5 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.8
Ever smoked 2.3 4.0 4.5 1.9 2.1
Basal metabolic rate 0.9 5.0 8.4 -2.9 1.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.4
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.0 5.3 8.3 -2.9 1.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.5
Irritability 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.4
Risk taking 0.5 0.7 1.2 -1.1 0.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 2.3 2.6 5.2 0.2 2.3
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.9 2.4 3.6 -1.1 1.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.1 1.3 2.6 1.6 -0.3
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 2.9 1.7 -1.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.6 0.7 0.9 -1.0 -0.7
Myopia 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.5 1.3 2.6 -1.6 0.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.4 2.0 3.2 -1.8 -0.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.3
Pain experienced in last month 1.3 2.2 4.4 2.1 0.2
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.0
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.6 0.2 1.3
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 3.0 -1.7 1.0
Heart disease (siblings) 2.0 2.5 4.8 2.2 -0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Pack years of smoking 1.1 1.6 2.2 -1.0 -1.5
Impedance of whole body 0.5 2.7 5.4 2.3 -0.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.8 1.5 0.4 1.2
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.1 5.5 8.9 -3.0 1.4