Hub : Genes

ACACB

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0800 0.0370 6.1e-03 0.040 NA 0.004 NA 0.028 5.6e-04 NA 1.5e-01 NA 3.3e-03
2 GTEx Testis 0.2210 0.0750 4.6e-03 0.264 NA 0.162 NA 0.251 4.3e-12 NA 1.1e-07 NA 1.7e-11
3 GTEx Thyroid 0.1590 0.0410 8.6e-06 0.121 NA 0.065 NA 0.107 1.6e-09 NA 1.0e-05 NA 1.5e-08
4 YFS Blood 0.1725 0.0251 0.0e+00 0.131 0.182 0.192 0.188 0.195 1.6e-40 3.1e-57 1.9e-60 2.5e-59 9.3e-62
5 TCGA Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma 0.0530 0.0280 6.1e-03 0.013 0.019 0.007 NA 0.012 2.5e-02 9.2e-03 7.3e-02 NA 2.9e-02
6 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0472 0.0177 4.1e-05 0.056 0.039 0.062 NA 0.066 6.4e-07 2.8e-05 1.6e-07 NA 6.7e-08
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0880 0.0390 4.8e-03 -0.001 0.021 -0.004 NA -0.004 3.9e-01 2.2e-02 7.0e-01 NA 6.8e-01
8 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0698 0.0244 1.3e-06 0.024 0.050 0.043 NA 0.037 8.0e-04 2.1e-06 1.1e-05 NA 4.8e-05
9 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0591 0.0244 2.5e-04 0.000 0.006 0.005 NA -0.001 3.2e-01 5.6e-02 6.9e-02 NA 5.0e-01
10 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0539 0.0195 6.6e-06 0.068 0.044 0.058 NA 0.064 3.9e-08 8.1e-06 3.9e-07 NA 8.7e-08
11 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0435 0.0192 1.1e-03 0.007 0.013 -0.001 NA 0.003 6.0e-02 1.3e-02 4.5e-01 NA 1.5e-01
12 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.0510 0.0270 7.7e-03 0.035 0.027 0.014 NA 0.026 1.4e-03 4.2e-03 3.1e-02 NA 5.2e-03
13 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1620 0.0490 1.8e-10 0.097 0.119 0.123 NA 0.121 9.9e-10 1.3e-11 5.3e-12 NA 8.7e-12

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 1.0 1.2 -0.8 0.5 -0.2 0.9 1.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.8 2.0 5.3 -1.2 -1.3 -2.3 -0.9 -0.3 -1.7 -1.5 -0.4 -2.1 -1.6 -1.0 -1.7 -0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 2.7 0.1 1.0 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 1.2 1.0 -0.9 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.6 1.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.8
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.1 5.0 -0.9 1.0 -0.2 -1.5 -1.9 -0.3 -0.0 -2.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.1 4.3 8.5 -2.2 -1.0 -2.8 -1.6 -0.9 -2.4 -2.8 -1.5 -2.1 -2.5 -1.2 -2.9 -1.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.7 2.2 5.4 -1.5 0.8 -1.1 -2.0 -2.3 -1.4 -1.2 -2.1 -1.4 -1.3 -0.1 -1.7 -0.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 2.4 -0.8 0.7 -0.3 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4 0.1 -1.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 2.0 2.4 4.9 -1.3 0.9 -1.1 -2.1 -1.6 -1.8 -1.1 -2.2 -1.7 -1.1 -1.7 -1.3 -1.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.4 1.6 8.3 0.2 -0.1 0.4 2.0 2.9 1.0 -1.4 1.8 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.3 0.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.8 1.7 4.4 1.1 0.1 1.1 1.6 0.1 1.2 1.8 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.2 1.9 2.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.8 0.3 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.0 0.4 1.1 1.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.3 -0.1
Major Depression (MDD) 1.2 1.5 12.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.7 -1.3 0.2 3.5 0.5 1.1 0.8 -0.4 1.3 0.4
Reaction Time 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.0 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.0 0.3 0.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.2
Breast Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.7 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.4
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 -0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 1.0 0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.7 2.9 0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.0 -1.6 0.1 0.8 1.2 0.3 -0.4 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.5 -0.8 0.3
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7 0.4 0.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.2
HbA1C 1.1 1.2 2.5 -1.5 0.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.6 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.2 -1.4 0.2 1.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.9 1.4 3.1 -1.4 0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3 -0.5 -1.7 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6
Lupus 1.5 2.3 4.6 -1.3 0.9 -1.5 -1.8 -2.1 -1.6 -0.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.0 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.5
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.8 1.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 0.7 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.9 4.2 7.9 -2.2 -1.2 -2.7 -1.7 -1.3 -2.5 -2.4 -1.5 -2.0 -2.4 -1.6 -2.8 -1.5
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 5.4 -0.8 2.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 5.5 6.3 13.0 2.6 1.0 3.3 2.0 1.6 3.6 3.2 1.9 1.5 2.6 1.7 2.7 3.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.6 1.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -1.3 -0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.7 5.7 20.0 3.0 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.4 2.4 2.2 1.9 -0.7 2.7 4.5 2.9 3.1
Blood Platelet Count 1.2 13.9 59.1 2.6 2.1 4.2 0.9 -4.4 3.6 5.2 1.9 7.7 3.4 2.4 2.7 2.1
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.0 2.5 0.4 1.6 0.6 -0.6 -1.4 0.9 1.3 -0.5 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.5
Blood White Count 0.4 2.9 7.6 -2.1 1.9 -2.8 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.0 -1.4 -2.8 -1.6 -0.1 -0.8
Heel T-Score 0.7 5.7 13.2 3.2 1.1 3.3 1.3 0.3 2.5 2.2 0.1 2.4 3.6 3.1 2.3 2.4
BMI 0.1 0.6 2.4 -0.3 1.6 -1.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.0
Height 0.8 15.8 26.8 5.0 -2.8 5.1 3.7 3.4 3.7 2.7 3.6 4.2 5.2 5.0 3.4 2.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.2 4.2 -1.1 0.3 -1.8 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 0.3 -2.1 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.7 3.4 7.8 2.0 0.5 2.2 1.3 0.8 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.9 2.5 1.8 2.8
Smoking Status 0.1 0.3 1.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.3 -0.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.6 1.5 4.7 -0.9 0.1 -0.9 -2.1 -2.2 -0.7 0.2 -1.8 -2.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.0
Cardiovascular Disease 2.1 6.8 12.9 2.7 0.9 2.8 2.3 1.4 2.9 2.2 1.6 2.7 2.6 3.6 3.6 3.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.8 4.4 -1.5 -0.2 -2.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.5 -2.1 -0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9
Respiratory disease 0.7 1.6 5.1 1.1 0.5 1.7 0.8 -0.1 1.6 2.2 0.7 1.1 1.2 0.4 1.6 1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.3 0.5 2.4 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.0 0.6 -1.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.8 4.0 6.8 -1.9 1.2 -2.2 -2.5 -2.1 -2.4 -2.5 -2.4 -2.6 -2.0 0.3 -1.5 -0.6
Lung FVC 0.4 2.2 4.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -1.9 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 -1.6 -1.6 -2.0 -2.1
Neuroticism 0.2 0.5 1.4 -0.1 1.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 0.6 0.6 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.0 1.1
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 0.8 1.8 1.0 0.1 1.4 -0.0 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.6 0.4 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.2
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.0 4.5 1.5 -0.7 1.5 0.4 0.4 1.6 2.1 1.6 -0.5 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.4
Tanning 0.0 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.8 -0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.2
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.6 1.6 0.9 -0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.1 0.4 0.5 -0.0
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.8 1.4 4.2 1.0 -0.2 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 1.4 0.5 1.6 0.9 1.1 2.1 1.4
Average weekly spirits intake 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.9
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.2 3.8 7.8 -2.1 1.1 -2.1 -2.2 -2.1 -1.6 -2.0 -2.8 -2.3 -2.1 -0.6 -2.1 -0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 1.7 -1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 0.1 -1.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.1 3.2 10.2 -2.1 0.7 -1.8 -1.5 -3.2 -1.4 0.3 -1.8 -0.7 -2.1 -2.8 -1.3 -0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.8 2.5 -0.9 -1.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.1 -1.6 -0.8 -1.6 -1.0 -0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.9 3.8 7.6 -2.3 -0.6 -2.7 -1.4 -0.4 -2.1 -2.2 -1.3 -2.4 -2.6 -2.2 -1.9 -1.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.6 1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.2 0.4 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.5 4.4 7.9 2.4 0.2 2.7 2.0 1.3 2.2 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.8 0.9 3.8 -0.7 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 -1.9 -0.9 0.2 -1.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.0 0.1 -1.0
Angina 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.1 1.6 0.3 -0.5 -1.0 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.7 2.1 -0.5 1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.4 -0.5 -0.3 -1.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.9 -0.2 -0.2
Supplements: Zinc 1.1 1.2 5.0 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.1 1.2 2.2 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.6 1.6 1.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.8 1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1
Diabetes (father) 0.7 0.9 2.6 1.1 1.6 0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.3 -0.3 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.3
Diabetes (mother) 0.9 1.2 3.3 -1.5 0.0 -1.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7 -1.7 -0.6 -1.6 -1.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.1
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 2.4 -0.2 1.4 -0.6 -1.0 -1.5 -0.5 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.9 1.4 2.7 -1.3 0.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.0 3.4 1.7 -0.1 1.6 0.4 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 1.9 0.9 0.5 0.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.8
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 0.9 3.2 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.1 -0.0 1.1 1.8 0.9 1.2
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.3 3.9 1.8 -1.3 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.5 1.7 0.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.3 0.4
Current tobacco smoking 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.2 1.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.4 0.4 2.0 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 1.1 1.4 0.5 -0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.8 1.2 0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.9 1.6 1.1 0.8
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.4 0.1 1.3 0.1 -0.8 1.0 1.4 -0.2 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.7
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.1
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.5 -0.8 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.8 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.2
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.8 1.9 1.0 -1.3 1.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.2 0.9 1.3 1.4 0.4 -0.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.9 1.1 2.6 -1.2 0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 1.0 2.7 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -1.3 0.4 1.3 1.5 0.5 0.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 2.9 3.1 5.7 2.3 1.3 2.1 1.3 1.1 2.0 1.6 0.7 1.4 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.5
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.7 0.9 2.1 1.0 -1.1 0.7 0.6 -0.2 1.0 1.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.1
High blood pressure 5.8 16.2 26.0 4.6 0.8 4.5 3.6 2.5 4.6 4.0 3.5 4.2 4.4 4.3 5.1 4.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.4 7.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.7 -1.6 -2.6 -0.7 1.1 -2.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 0.3 -1.2 -1.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.0 -0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.8 1.0 5.9 -0.8 2.4 0.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.3 -0.5 -1.3 0.5 -1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.7 2.4 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.2 -0.4 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.5
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.3 2.7 5.6 1.9 0.2 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.9 1.1 2.1 0.9
Medication: Atenolol 3.3 4.2 7.6 -2.7 0.1 -2.4 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -2.5 -1.5 -2.0 -2.8 -1.2 -2.3 -1.8
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.8 1.3 3.7 -1.2 0.2 -1.9 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -1.8 -0.6 -1.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.7
Sitting height 0.7 5.0 8.6 2.7 -1.6 2.1 2.7 2.8 2.2 1.2 2.9 2.6 2.5 1.7 1.6 1.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.4 0.6 -1.1 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.1
High blood pressure (mother) 0.4 0.6 1.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.4 1.0 0.4
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.5 2.1 -0.3 1.5 -1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.6 4.6 1.9 -0.1 2.1 0.5 0.3 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.9 2.1 1.3 0.7 0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.8
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.3 3.4 1.6 0.5 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.3 0.3 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.6
Waist circumference 0.1 0.4 1.7 -0.0 1.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 1.0 2.4 0.8 -0.6 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.5 0.7 0.8 0.3 1.6
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 -0.0 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.2
Nervous feelings 2.8 5.2 11.7 -2.7 0.6 -2.3 -2.6 -3.4 -2.4 -1.5 -3.0 -1.8 -2.4 -1.8 -2.1 -1.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 3.0 -1.0 0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -1.1 -1.7 -1.0 -0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.3 -1.0 0.7 1.5 0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.6 1.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.8 2.8 -1.0 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.7 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9 -0.7
Had menopause 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.1 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.6
Had other major operations 0.6 0.8 3.1 0.5 1.8 -0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.2 -0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.0 2.4 5.2 1.8 2.0 2.2 0.3 -0.0 1.5 0.6 -1.4 1.2 2.1 2.3 0.9 1.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2
Qualifications: None of the above 2.3 5.0 9.7 2.4 -2.0 2.1 3.1 2.9 1.8 1.5 3.0 2.9 2.3 1.5 1.6 0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 1.0 2.3 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.0 0.2 0.6 1.1 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.3 -0.3
Heart attack 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.5 2.0 0.3 -1.0 -1.4 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.3
Allergy 1.3 2.9 14.1 0.8 -1.5 0.7 2.2 3.8 1.1 -1.8 2.7 1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.7
Pain all over the body in last month 2.7 2.9 5.6 -2.0 -0.3 -2.1 -1.3 -1.3 -2.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.7 -1.9 -2.1 -1.5 -2.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.3 -1.3 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.6 -0.8 -0.5 -1.8 -0.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.8 1.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.8 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.6
Illnesses of siblings 1.4 1.9 4.0 -1.9 -1.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -1.6 -1.3 -0.7 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.3
Neuroticism score 0.4 0.7 3.5 -0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.6 -1.4 0.2 0.2 -1.4 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.7
Weight 0.2 1.2 2.9 1.5 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.4 1.2 1.7 1.3 1.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.2 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -1.1 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 0.9 2.2 1.2 -0.4 0.2 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.5
Hip circumference 0.1 0.5 1.6 0.7 1.2 -0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.4 1.2 0.6 1.3
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.2 -1.3 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.7 2.2 1.0 -1.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.9 1.1 0.1 1.0 1.3 0.8 -0.4
Father’s age at death 0.9 1.2 2.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -1.7 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -0.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.6 2.7 0.7 1.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.7 1.1 0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.9 6.4 -1.2 0.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.9 -1.3 -0.2 -1.8 -2.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -0.2 1.0 -0.6 0.1 0.4 0.9 1.6 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.9 1.4 4.1 0.6 -1.7 0.8 1.7 2.0 0.9 -0.3 1.6 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.7
Number of live births 0.8 1.1 3.2 -1.1 0.1 -1.8 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.6 1.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.9 -1.0
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 3.5 0.5 -1.9 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.4
Happiness 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 1.2
Noisy workplace 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.7 -1.0 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 -0.5 1.2 0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 2.2 4.9 8.1 -2.2 0.6 -2.7 -2.8 -2.2 -2.9 -2.0 -2.1 -2.3 -2.2 -1.4 -2.3 -1.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.3 -1.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.9 1.5 3.8 -1.6 1.1 -0.9 -1.5 -2.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.8 -0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2
Asthma 0.4 0.8 4.7 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.3 -1.6 0.5 2.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.0 1.0 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.0 5.3 0.4 -2.3 0.4 1.1 1.7 0.7 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.4
Depression (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 1.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.2
Prospective memory result 0.8 1.0 5.5 0.9 -2.4 0.3 0.9 1.7 -0.1 -0.0 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 -0.5
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.3 -1.5 -0.6 -0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 0.0
Illnesses of mother 1.4 1.8 3.8 1.3 -0.2 1.5 1.4 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.5 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.4
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.5 1.3 -0.2 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.3 1.3 3.2 1.1 -1.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.6
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.7 0.0 0.8 0.2 1.0
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 0.9 2.3 1.2 -0.4 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.5
Standing height 1.1 10.8 17.2 4.2 -2.2 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.1 2.3 3.6 3.5 4.1 3.4 2.9 2.7
Length of working week for main job 3.9 4.3 9.4 2.2 -0.4 1.7 1.9 0.9 2.7 3.1 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.5 1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.5 1.6 3.5 -1.2 1.8 -0.8 -1.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -1.7 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.1 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.5 0.9 3.4 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.1 -0.7 1.0 1.8 -0.5 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.5 2.7 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.6 1.7 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.7 1.8 4.5 1.5 0.5 2.1 0.5 1.4 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.1 1.7 1.4 2.1 1.2
Birth weight of first child 1.0 1.9 8.7 -0.1 -3.0 -0.8 1.2 2.4 -0.5 -1.0 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -0.7 -0.5
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.8 2.4 0.6 1.0 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 1.5 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.6 -0.5
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 3.5 0.1 1.9 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.1 -0.0 -1.2 -0.7 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.7 0.9 2.1 -1.2 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7
Loud music exposure frequency 0.6 0.6 2.7 -0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 2.5 -1.0 0.3 -1.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.8 1.1 2.2 -1.4 -0.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.9 1.2 3.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.9 -1.6 -0.5 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.3 -0.7 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.8 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.9 1.3
Headache pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 2.9 4.8 8.8 -2.4 -0.1 -2.3 -2.1 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -2.6 -2.5 -2.3 -2.1 -3.0 -1.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.6 1.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.4
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.6 -1.3 0.2 0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.7 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.8 -0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 0.9 3.2 -0.9 -0.1 -1.8 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4 -1.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8
Medication: Amlodipine 3.6 5.0 9.6 2.2 -0.4 2.2 2.2 1.7 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.1 2.2 1.5 2.9 1.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 5.4 6.9 14.3 2.8 -0.4 3.0 2.2 0.6 3.3 3.8 2.3 1.6 2.8 2.4 3.4 3.1
Birth weight 2.2 4.8 11.8 2.3 -2.0 1.6 3.2 3.4 1.9 1.4 2.5 2.4 2.0 0.7 2.0 1.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.6 0.7 1.8 1.0 -0.4 0.2 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.2 1.0 -0.9 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.1 -0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.3 1.8 0.1 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.2
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.8 2.4 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.9 1.5 0.8 1.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.6 2.6 1.1 1.6 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 1.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.3 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.8 1.0 2.2 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -0.7 -0.6
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 3.1 9.8 -2.0 1.9 -1.5 -2.5 -3.1 -1.1 -0.4 -2.6 -1.5 -1.9 -0.6 -1.0 0.2
Number of full brothers 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.7
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.5 0.8 5.8 -0.1 2.4 -0.1 -0.5 -1.2 0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 1.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.2 1.5 3.3 1.3 -0.9 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.1 0.8 1.4 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.5 2.6 12.4 1.6 -0.2 1.2 1.5 0.1 1.3 3.5 1.9 1.2 1.4 0.3 2.2 1.3
Number of children fathered 1.9 2.1 3.9 1.7 -0.3 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6 -0.2 1.2 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.9 0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 2.7 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.8 -0.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -1.1 -1.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.4 -1.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.2 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.6 1.0
Health satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.0 0.0 -0.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.8 2.4 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.1 1.3 -0.5 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.0 3.0 7.5 -1.7 1.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.6 -1.8 -1.7 -1.9 -2.7 -1.9 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.6 1.8 4.8 1.3 -0.9 1.7 1.8 2.2 1.6 0.7 1.8 1.3 1.3 -0.5 0.4 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.9 2.2 -1.3 -1.0 -1.2 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.7 2.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.3 -1.0 0.4 1.7 -0.3 1.2 0.7 0.4 1.1 0.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 3.7 0.4 1.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.5 1.8 -0.5 -0.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.9 1.2 4.1 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.4 -0.5 1.2 2.0 0.3 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.7
Medication: Blood pressure 4.8 8.5 14.2 3.0 0.5 2.9 3.0 2.4 3.1 2.6 3.6 3.8 2.9 2.6 3.5 2.6
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.6 -0.3 1.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.4 0.2 0.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5
Migraine (self-reported) 3.2 3.9 9.9 -2.7 -0.1 -2.7 -1.2 -0.6 -1.8 -2.6 -1.2 -2.2 -3.1 -2.0 -1.8 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.4 -1.2 0.2 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.5 0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.8 -0.8 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.3 0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.7 0.0 0.6 -0.4
Medication: Omeprazole 1.2 1.4 3.4 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 1.4 1.4 0.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 2.1 2.4 5.4 1.3 -0.7 2.1 1.6 0.5 1.9 2.3 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.8 0.9
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.1 -1.0 0.1 0.2
Heart disease (mother) 1.3 1.6 3.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.7 -1.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.3 1.5 3.7 1.1 -1.9 1.6 0.7 -0.1 1.2 1.9 0.6 0.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5
Whole body fat mass 0.2 0.7 2.0 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.9 -0.1 0.9 1.4 0.8 1.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.6 1.0 1.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.8 1.2 0.6 1.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.8 1.8 1.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.5 1.6 5.8 1.0 -2.4 0.0 1.4 1.1 0.4 0.3 1.0 2.3 0.9 0.4 1.6 0.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9
Comparative height size at age 10 1.6 8.7 16.0 3.6 -1.6 2.7 3.7 3.6 2.7 1.5 4.0 2.9 3.2 2.8 2.2 2.4
Number of full sisters 0.7 0.8 2.8 0.8 -0.9 0.7 1.2 1.7 1.2 0.3 1.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.8 0.6
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.9 0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4 -0.8 0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 0.1
Overall health rating 0.4 0.9 3.7 -0.7 1.6 -0.5 -1.0 -1.9 -0.7 -0.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.2
Chest pain or discomfort 1.3 1.9 4.8 1.5 0.4 1.4 0.7 -0.5 1.4 2.2 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.3 2.2 1.7
Had major operations 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3
Age at last live birth 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.1 -1.1
Family relationship satisfaction 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.6 1.3 -0.1 0.7 0.2 0.3 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.4
Leg pain on walking 2.2 2.8 6.1 1.8 -0.2 2.1 1.5 0.8 2.1 2.5 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.7 0.9
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.8 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.4 1.7 2.8 1.4 0.0 1.7 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.7 0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.1 -1.3 -0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.8 0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.3 1.6 3.3 1.4 0.2 1.4 1.3 0.7 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.8
Knee pain experienced in last month 2.9 4.5 7.2 2.2 -2.5 2.7 2.0 1.3 2.3 2.5 2.3 1.9 2.4 1.6 2.0 1.4
Hypertension (Self-reported) 5.8 16.2 26.1 4.5 1.0 4.5 3.6 2.4 4.8 4.1 3.5 4.1 4.4 4.3 5.1 4.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.0 1.1 3.9 1.3 -0.5 0.9 1.4 2.0 0.8 0.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.4 0.6 2.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -0.9 -0.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5 1.0 0.7 0.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.0 0.4 0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.0 2.7 1.0 -1.0 1.0 0.8 -0.2 1.0 1.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.4 1.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 1.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.2 1.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.8
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.2
Mood swings 0.5 0.9 3.5 -0.7 1.1 0.3 -1.1 -1.9 0.3 0.3 -1.9 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 -0.3 0.3
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.8 3.8 -0.4 1.9 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 -1.2 -0.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 -0.8 -0.9
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.3 -1.1 0.1 -1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.3 -0.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 -1.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.9 3.1 7.2 -2.3 -1.8 -2.0 -1.0 -0.4 -1.7 -1.4 -0.4 -1.8 -2.4 -2.7 -1.4 -1.8
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.3 4.5 1.4 2.1 1.9 1.1 0.6 2.0 1.8 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.7 0.7 1.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.9 1.4 3.6 -1.0 1.8 -0.5 -1.9 -1.6 -0.5 -0.5 -1.9 -1.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 -0.0 -0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.7 1.1 8.5 -0.2 -2.9 -0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 1.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.7 0.8 2.8 -0.7 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.6 -1.6 -0.2 -1.7 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4
Back pain experienced in last month 1.3 1.9 6.5 1.4 1.5 1.2 0.6 -0.7 1.1 2.5 0.2 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 2.0 -1.2 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.1 1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.5 0.5 -1.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 0.5 0.9 5.3 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.0 -1.2 0.7 2.3 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.2 1.3 0.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.6 -1.2 0.1 1.4 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.1 -1.4 -0.9 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.7 0.1 -0.4 1.2 0.3
Medication: Gliclazide 0.7 0.8 3.5 -0.5 -1.9 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.9 3.1 0.4 -1.0 0.4 1.4 1.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.4 -0.8 0.0 -0.0
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.3 1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.7 1.5 2.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.4 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 -1.2
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.6 1.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.4 0.9 -0.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.8 0.4 1.1
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.6 1.0 3.3 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.8 1.8 0.3 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.8 1.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.2 5.3 -1.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -2.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Miserableness 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.2 -1.1 0.8 0.5 -0.0 0.7 1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.7 0.6 1.0
Guilty feelings 0.3 0.5 3.0 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.0 0.9 -0.3 1.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.8 0.9 2.5 -0.5 -0.8 -1.6 0.3 1.0 -0.8 -0.2 1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 -0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 3.9 4.4 8.1 -2.4 -0.2 -2.8 -1.9 -0.9 -2.6 -2.3 -0.8 -2.6 -2.7 -2.3 -1.9 -1.9
Hearing aid user 1.5 1.7 2.9 -1.2 1.1 -1.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.5 -0.6 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 -1.7 -1.3 -1.1
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 2.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.4 -0.5 -0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 1.3 1.6 5.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.9 -1.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.7 -0.3 -2.3 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 4.4 5.1 10.2 -2.3 1.1 -2.2 -3.1 -2.8 -2.3 0.1 -1.7 -2.9 -2.1 -3.2 -1.6 -1.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.9 2.3 4.1 -1.1 1.3 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -1.1 -2.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.5 -1.3 0.1 1.2 -0.4 0.2 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 1.7 3.2 6.1 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.1 0.4 2.0 1.8 0.8 1.4 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.0 2.5 4.6 1.7 -0.3 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.3 2.1 1.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.4 1.8 6.8 1.8 -1.4 0.3 1.3 2.6 0.7 0.8 2.0 -0.6 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.7 3.1 7.1 -1.6 1.0 -2.0 -2.2 -1.1 -2.7 -2.2 -2.2 -1.8 -1.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.6
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.4 0.7 1.7 0.4 1.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.6 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.3 1.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.0 1.0 1.4 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.1 1.0 1.5
Medication: Lisinopril 2.3 3.0 12.2 1.5 1.8 1.3 0.5 -0.1 2.0 1.9 1.4 0.5 1.3 3.5 1.6 2.4
Medication: Atorvastatin 3.7 4.5 7.3 -2.4 2.1 -2.2 -2.6 -2.2 -2.2 -1.8 -2.7 -2.1 -2.5 -1.7 -1.3 -1.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 0.6 1.2 0.0 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.5 0.0
Ever smoked 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.8 0.0
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.7 1.9 1.1 -0.0 -0.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.7 2.3 1.1 1.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.3 1.0 1.2 0.7 1.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.8 1.8 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.0 1.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.3 1.2 0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 0.9 2.5 1.0 -0.2 1.6 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 -0.0 0.8 0.2
Irritability 0.6 1.0 4.0 0.4 0.9 0.5 -1.3 -1.8 -0.1 0.8 -2.0 0.0 0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.3
Risk taking 3.3 4.9 9.2 -2.4 2.2 -2.5 -2.8 -3.0 -2.1 -0.9 -2.4 -2.5 -2.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 2.5 2.9 8.3 1.2 -1.4 1.4 2.6 2.8 1.6 0.9 2.9 2.0 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.7
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.6 0.8 3.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -1.9 -1.1 0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 -0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.5 1.9 5.6 1.6 -0.7 1.4 1.9 2.4 1.0 0.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 4.0 8.9 1.9 0.9 2.2 1.9 1.1 2.3 1.6 1.5 2.5 1.8 2.0 2.2 3.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.2 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.2 2.9 6.0 -2.3 0.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.3 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -2.4 -2.3 -1.7 -1.2 -1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.0 1.2 3.1 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3 -1.8 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -1.0 -1.3
Myopia 0.7 1.0 4.1 0.6 -2.0 -0.5 1.0 1.1 0.4 0.8 2.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.5 0.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 5.2 14.3 21.4 -4.2 -0.8 -4.3 -3.5 -2.6 -4.2 -3.4 -3.5 -4.1 -4.1 -4.3 -4.6 -3.7
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.8 2.6 5.7 -1.4 2.2 -2.0 -1.4 -1.2 -2.0 -1.9 -2.4 -1.7 -1.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 -0.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 2.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.0 -1.6 0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1
Supplements: Calcium 1.0 1.1 3.5 -0.6 0.9 -1.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -1.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.5 2.8 0.3 -1.7 0.1 0.8 1.2 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.9 0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 4.8 -0.4 2.2 0.2 -0.8 -1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 4.1 -0.6 -0.1 -1.3 -1.4 -2.0 -1.7 -0.5 -1.9 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.9 1.0 2.9 -1.0 -0.2 -1.7 -0.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 1.2 1.7 3.7 -1.4 -0.1 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -1.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.5 -1.7 -1.8
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.6 3.4 1.6 -0.6 1.8 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.4 0.9 0.6
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.6 1.0 1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.8 1.3 0.6 1.0
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.1 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.4