Hub : Genes

ACBD5

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0730 0.0320 8.3e-04 0.049 NA 0.029 NA 0.039 7.5e-05 NA 2.0e-03 NA 3.8e-04
2 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.0590 0.0280 8.2e-03 0.028 NA 0.017 NA 0.015 1.1e-02 NA 3.7e-02 NA 5.0e-02
3 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0732 0.0240 3.5e-05 0.030 NA 0.024 NA 0.022 2.0e-03 NA 5.3e-03 NA 6.6e-03
4 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.1580 0.0700 7.3e-03 0.018 NA 0.000 NA 0.006 3.5e-02 NA 3.3e-01 NA 1.4e-01
5 GTEx Testis 0.1560 0.0530 3.1e-04 0.040 NA 0.011 NA 0.015 7.0e-03 NA 9.7e-02 NA 6.7e-02
6 GTEx Thyroid 0.1820 0.0430 2.7e-10 0.168 NA 0.205 NA 0.177 7.8e-13 NA 1.2e-15 NA 1.6e-13
7 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0438 0.0213 1.8e-05 0.027 0.018 0.021 NA 0.022 2.8e-06 8.9e-05 2.9e-05 NA 1.7e-05
8 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0810 0.0420 1.1e-03 0.066 0.053 0.057 NA 0.052 1.1e-04 5.0e-04 3.3e-04 NA 5.4e-04
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0420 0.0244 1.1e-03 0.019 0.028 0.019 NA 0.024 3.1e-03 3.9e-04 2.7e-03 NA 8.8e-04
10 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0600 0.0390 5.7e-03 0.015 0.004 0.000 NA 0.004 4.2e-02 1.7e-01 3.1e-01 NA 1.7e-01
11 TCGA Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma 0.0480 0.0290 6.2e-03 0.030 0.043 0.017 NA 0.034 1.5e-02 4.1e-03 5.0e-02 NA 9.9e-03
12 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0786 0.0436 1.2e-06 0.064 0.060 0.055 NA 0.059 2.7e-07 6.2e-07 1.9e-06 NA 7.9e-07

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.0 1.6 3.9 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.0 -1.2 1.8 1.1 -2.0 -1.2 1.2 1.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 2.2 5.3 9.2 -2.7 -1.7 -2.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.9 2.4 2.3 -3.0 -2.1 2.9 2.9
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.4 3.0 5.2 -1.6 -2.2 -1.7 -1.6 -0.3 -2.3 1.9 1.9 -0.1 -1.1 2.3 1.9
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.3 1.9 3.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -0.5 -1.6 1.8 1.7 -1.0 -1.0 1.5 1.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.7 4.1 7.8 -1.8 -2.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.2 -2.8 2.6 2.1 -0.9 -1.5 2.3 2.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.9 3.9 7.3 -2.5 -1.4 -2.2 -0.3 -0.7 -1.5 1.6 2.1 -2.3 -1.8 2.7 2.7
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.8 1.1 2.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 1.4 1.4 -1.0 -0.8 1.3 1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.6 3.2 -1.4 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5 -1.7 1.8 1.0 -1.0 -0.7 1.3 1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 3.0 3.5 7.8 1.9 2.8 2.1 1.1 0.8 1.1 -2.3 -2.3 1.3 1.7 -2.1 -2.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.4 1.6 2.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.5 -0.9 1.2 -1.4 -1.6 1.4 1.2 -1.2 -1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.1 3.1 7.3 1.9 2.7 1.9 0.6 -0.0 1.2 -2.2 -2.0 1.4 1.8 -1.9 -1.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -1.3 -0.3 0.9 0.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.3 2.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.4 1.5 0.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 -1.1 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.6 0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.0 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2
Breast Cancer 0.4 1.1 4.0 1.0 -0.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.2 -1.3 -0.5 2.0 -0.8 -1.3 -1.4
Ovarian Cancer 5.0 6.6 10.1 -2.2 -3.1 -2.6 -0.4 -1.8 -2.9 3.0 3.2 -2.0 -2.9 2.7 2.6
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 1.0 0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.6
Age at First Birth 1.5 2.2 5.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.3 -1.0 -2.3 1.3 1.5 -1.0 -1.7 1.7 1.7
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 5.9 5.7 8.5 -2.3 -2.1 -2.6 -0.5 -0.9 -2.1 2.9 2.9 -2.8 -2.5 2.8 2.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.1 2.8 6.1 1.8 2.0 1.8 0.9 1.4 2.2 -1.5 -1.8 0.8 2.5 -1.6 -1.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.2 1.5 4.4 1.2 1.5 1.1 -2.1 0.3 1.2 -1.0 -1.0 1.1 1.2 -1.0 -1.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.8 1.3 2.5 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -1.6 -1.5 1.5 0.9 -1.3 -1.2 0.9 0.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.7 -0.7 0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.6
HbA1C 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 0.2
HDL Cholesterol 1.0 1.7 6.9 -1.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -2.6 1.1 1.3 -0.5 -1.0 1.3 1.1
LDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 2.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.6 1.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 0.1 0.2
Lupus 1.6 2.4 4.4 1.4 1.8 1.6 -0.3 0.7 1.3 -1.8 -1.6 2.1 2.0 -1.4 -1.5
Neuroticism (2016) 0.9 1.3 2.8 -1.7 -1.5 -1.5 -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 0.8 1.2 -1.0 -1.0 1.3 1.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 0.8 0.4 -1.4 -0.3 0.1 0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.8 1.1 3.4 -1.6 -0.1 -1.6 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.3 -1.8 -1.3 1.2 0.8
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.2 4.9 9.1 -2.6 -1.8 -2.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 2.5 2.6 -2.1 -1.8 3.0 3.0
Triglycerides 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.5 0.6 3.6 -0.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.9 -1.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.5 -1.1 -0.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.9 7.2 25.0 2.3 2.2 2.6 -0.6 1.4 2.3 -3.1 -2.7 5.0 2.2 -2.4 -3.1
Blood Platelet Count 0.9 10.1 25.4 -3.4 -2.5 -3.3 -1.3 -1.2 -2.3 4.4 2.5 -5.0 -0.7 4.0 4.1
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.2 5.2 -1.3 -1.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3 -1.5 -0.2 1.3 -2.3 -0.0 -0.6
Blood White Count 1.6 11.5 32.8 2.9 2.9 3.5 0.2 2.2 2.5 -4.1 -3.8 5.7 3.3 -3.2 -3.7
Heel T-Score 0.8 6.1 21.9 2.8 0.5 2.2 2.5 4.7 3.3 -1.1 -0.6 3.0 2.2 -1.6 -1.9
BMI 2.0 11.3 19.3 3.4 4.4 3.5 1.1 2.8 4.0 -3.8 -3.6 2.4 4.3 -3.1 -2.8
Height 0.1 1.5 7.8 -0.6 1.8 0.1 2.8 2.1 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 0.7 -0.1 -1.0 0.2 0.1 0.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 1.1 5.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.6 -2.2 0.5 0.5 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 0.4
Smoking Status 1.0 2.4 4.8 1.7 1.4 1.7 -0.4 1.9 1.9 -0.8 -1.0 2.2 2.0 -1.1 -1.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.3 0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.4 3.4 1.6 1.8 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 -1.5 -1.2 -0.0 1.1 -1.5 -1.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 2.9 6.7 15.7 -2.3 -2.5 -2.2 -1.5 -4.0 -2.9 2.7 2.6 -2.6 -2.5 2.1 2.5
Respiratory disease 0.4 0.8 5.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.0 -2.3 -0.3 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 1.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 4.9 9.2 13.1 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.6 3.6 -2.7 -3.6 1.8 3.3 -3.2 -3.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.8 0.6
Lung FVC 0.3 1.4 3.7 -0.9 -1.9 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 1.2 1.6 -0.8 -1.2 1.2 1.7
Neuroticism 1.3 3.2 6.1 -2.0 -2.3 -1.9 -2.0 -0.4 -2.0 1.8 1.9 -0.1 -1.1 2.5 1.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.4 -0.0 0.9 -1.3 -1.0 0.9 1.1 -1.2 -1.2
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.6 3.4 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.8 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -1.8 -0.1 1.6 -1.3 -1.1
Tanning 0.1 0.8 2.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.8 1.0 1.4 0.0 -1.1 0.8 1.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.5 5.6 -0.7 1.2 -0.2 1.7 2.4 1.9 -0.9 -1.5 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.6 1.1 2.0 1.0 1.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.4 -1.4 -1.2 1.2 0.7 -1.2 -1.4
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 -1.2 -0.9 0.7 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.1 3.6 5.2 -2.0 -1.4 -2.1 -1.3 -1.7 -1.9 2.3 1.6 -2.1 -1.4 2.3 2.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.4 2.0 3.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 0.4 -0.2 -1.6 1.8 1.6 -1.6 -1.1 1.5 1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.9 1.4 8.5 -0.2 -1.3 -0.4 -2.9 -1.0 -0.1 1.1 1.6 0.1 -0.8 0.4 0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 0.9 1.8 4.0 0.5 1.5 0.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 -1.0 -1.4 1.0 1.2 -0.7 -1.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.7 2.4 0.2 1.1 0.6 -0.9 0.3 1.5 -1.2 -0.5 1.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.7 0.9 2.6 -0.0 -1.3 -0.3 -1.6 -1.1 -1.3 0.8 1.2 0.4 -0.8 0.7 0.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.6
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 2.9 7.6 -1.4 -0.9 -1.6 -1.0 -2.6 -2.8 1.2 1.4 -2.3 -1.7 1.2 1.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 2.2 2.4 4.8 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.0 -1.3 -1.6 1.3 1.1 -1.6 -1.9
Angina 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.8 0.2 0.5 -1.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 1.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.7
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.0 0.2 -1.0 -0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.0 0.7 -0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 1.5 1.7 3.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 -0.8 -0.0 1.4 -1.4 -1.0 1.8 1.6 -1.1 -1.1
Medication: Metformin 5.4 7.7 11.1 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.7 3.1 -3.0 -3.3 2.4 3.1 -2.5 -2.8
Diabetes (father) 0.9 1.1 3.2 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.5 -1.4 -1.8 0.3 0.5 -0.8 -1.2
Diabetes (mother) 2.6 3.3 5.5 1.6 2.2 1.7 -0.4 0.8 2.2 -2.1 -2.4 1.1 1.5 -2.1 -2.2
Severe depression (siblings) 2.8 3.2 5.0 -2.1 -2.2 -2.0 -0.5 -0.2 -1.8 1.8 2.0 -1.5 -1.6 2.2 2.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.9 0.5 1.0 -0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.8 1.5 -0.7 -0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 3.6 17.5 27.6 -4.4 -4.8 -4.5 -2.5 -3.8 -5.3 4.3 4.1 -3.0 -4.5 4.3 4.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 2.4 12.7 22.4 3.1 4.7 3.4 3.1 4.1 4.1 -3.4 -3.7 2.1 4.3 -3.0 -2.9
Trunk fat percentage 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.0 0.7 -0.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.2 4.4 -0.5 1.1 -0.1 2.1 1.7 1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.6 2.3 10.0 -0.6 -1.7 -1.0 -3.2 -2.1 -0.6 1.1 1.6 -1.0 -1.4 0.9 1.1
Current tobacco smoking 0.7 1.2 2.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.6 1.6 1.7 -0.2 -0.8 1.4 1.3 -0.7 -1.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2 0.4 0.9 -0.4 -1.1 0.9 0.8
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 2.4 0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 1.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1
Fed-up feelings 1.2 2.1 4.5 -1.3 -2.1 -1.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.6 1.8 1.7 -0.6 -1.2 1.7 1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.0 3.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 1.3 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 1.7 1.6
Relative age voice broke 2.5 3.8 7.6 1.7 2.2 1.9 1.2 1.2 2.8 -1.6 -2.5 1.7 2.1 -1.9 -2.1
Taking other prescription medications 0.6 0.9 2.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 -1.6 -0.4 1.3 -1.0 -1.1 1.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.6 1.4 2.9 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.3 1.0 1.7 -1.2 -1.5 1.1 1.4 -0.9 -1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 0.6 -0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.0 2.2 11.6 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.6 3.4 1.6 -0.5 -0.6 1.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 -1.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.5
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.8 5.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -2.4 -1.0 0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.8 1.1 -0.6 -0.5
High blood pressure 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.0 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1 1.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.6
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.0 1.3 3.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.4 -1.8 -0.7 -0.3 0.6 1.0 -0.5 -1.3 1.3 1.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.3 4.4 7.0 -2.4 -2.5 -1.9 1.2 -1.0 -1.8 2.5 2.1 -2.6 -1.7 2.0 2.6
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.3 -0.9 -1.4 -0.9 -1.8 -1.7 -1.3 1.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.8 0.8
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 1.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.6 2.7 4.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.4 -0.5 -1.6 -1.9 2.2 1.7 -1.7 -1.4 1.5 1.8
Sitting height 0.3 2.1 13.2 -0.4 1.0 0.4 3.6 3.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
High blood pressure (mother) 1.5 2.2 5.5 -1.4 -1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -2.3 -1.7 0.8 1.4 -0.9 -1.8 1.2 1.3
Body mass index (BMI) 1.1 4.6 7.7 2.2 2.7 2.2 0.6 1.8 2.8 -2.3 -2.3 1.2 2.8 -2.0 -1.8
Impedance of leg (left) 3.5 17.1 26.9 -4.3 -5.0 -4.3 -2.5 -4.1 -5.2 4.1 3.9 -3.1 -4.7 3.9 3.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 2.4 12.7 22.5 3.1 4.7 3.4 3.1 4.1 4.1 -3.4 -3.7 2.1 4.3 -3.0 -2.9
Trunk fat mass 0.4 1.9 5.0 1.1 2.2 1.1 0.4 1.0 1.6 -1.6 -1.9 0.3 1.8 -1.0 -1.0
Waist circumference 0.6 2.3 5.9 1.6 2.4 1.5 0.2 0.9 1.5 -1.5 -1.9 0.4 2.3 -1.3 -1.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.8 1.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -1.2 0.9 1.2 -0.2 -1.2 0.9 0.8
Past tobacco smoking 2.8 5.1 10.2 -2.6 -1.7 -2.7 -0.2 -1.5 -2.5 1.8 1.7 -3.2 -2.8 2.3 2.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.2 1.9 7.5 -1.2 -0.2 -1.3 2.1 -0.7 -1.3 0.4 0.7 -2.7 -1.2 1.0 1.5
Nervous feelings 2.0 3.7 6.5 -2.5 -2.3 -2.0 -1.7 -0.8 -2.1 1.8 1.9 -0.8 -1.9 2.2 2.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.1 3.3 5.9 -1.6 -2.2 -1.6 -0.4 -1.4 -2.3 2.4 1.9 -2.0 -1.2 1.8 2.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.1 1.7 13.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -3.7 -1.2 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.5 -0.4 0.9 0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 14.1 17.9 22.9 -4.4 -4.3 -4.8 -2.8 -2.8 -4.1 4.2 4.7 -3.9 -4.6 4.8 4.8
Had menopause 1.4 1.7 3.9 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -1.2 0.5 1.1 -0.2 -1.7 1.2 0.9
Had other major operations 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.2 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 1.3 0.9 -0.6 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.4 2.7 -0.2 0.7 0.2 1.6 1.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.8 1.9 7.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.8 1.8 -0.8 -0.8 1.6 1.3 -0.6 -0.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.1
Qualifications: None of the above 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.1 0.3 0.7 -1.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.8
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.5 1.0 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.2 1.8 5.2 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.9 2.3 1.7 -0.5 -1.5 0.4 1.2 -1.1 -1.4
Heart attack 0.9 1.1 2.4 0.7 1.3 0.8 -0.5 0.5 1.2 -1.6 -1.2 1.2 1.0 -1.0 -1.2
Allergy 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 1.2 1.3 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.0 0.1 0.2
Pain all over the body in last month 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3
Diabetes (self-reported) 3.0 4.6 6.7 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.7 2.4 -2.2 -2.6 1.4 2.2 -2.4 -2.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.2
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 1.0 3.0 0.3 0.6 0.4 -1.5 0.2 0.7 -1.1 -1.3 1.7 0.3 -0.7 -1.4
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.7 0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.3 1.7 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.6 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Illnesses of siblings 0.2 0.3 2.9 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 1.7 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0
Neuroticism score 1.8 3.9 7.0 -2.3 -2.7 -2.1 -1.1 -0.5 -2.0 2.4 2.2 -0.7 -1.3 2.6 2.2
Weight 1.3 6.4 13.1 2.2 3.6 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.8 -2.6 -2.9 1.0 3.3 -2.1 -1.9
Impedance of arm (right) 2.4 11.0 14.8 -3.4 -3.6 -3.7 -2.8 -3.2 -3.6 2.9 3.5 -2.1 -3.9 3.5 3.3
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.3 2.7 1.3 1.6 1.0 -0.4 0.7 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 0.4 1.5 -0.9 -0.9
Trunk fat-free mass 2.0 11.7 20.7 2.8 4.3 3.3 4.5 4.2 3.3 -2.6 -3.6 1.0 4.1 -3.0 -2.6
Hip circumference 0.5 2.1 4.4 0.8 2.1 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.6 -1.9 -1.7 0.7 1.8 -1.0 -1.0
Time employed in main current job 0.9 1.0 3.4 1.2 1.1 0.5 -0.8 0.7 0.9 -1.3 -0.7 1.8 0.4 -0.7 -1.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.6 0.9 2.5 -0.4 -1.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.6 0.1 -1.4 0.8 0.6
Father’s age at death 0.4 0.6 1.7 0.7 1.3 0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 -1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.9
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.6 3.3 -1.7 -1.3 -1.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 1.1 1.3 -0.6 -0.9 1.8 1.8
Falls in the last year 1.6 2.1 5.1 2.2 1.5 1.9 -0.3 0.6 1.6 -0.8 -1.1 1.5 2.1 -1.4 -1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.5 2.2 4.7 1.9 2.2 1.7 0.9 1.0 1.8 -0.9 -1.5 0.2 1.9 -1.6 -1.3
Number of live births 0.6 0.9 2.4 1.6 0.8 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 1.2 -1.2 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.7 3.4 -0.8 0.3 -0.4 1.8 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.8
Pulse rate 0.2 0.3 2.2 0.2 0.9 -0.2 -1.5 -0.5 0.6 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3
Happiness 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 2.9 0.3 0.8 0.3 -1.2 0.1 1.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 1.0 3.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7 1.9 0.4 -1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.5 0.9 1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.1
Asthma 0.5 1.1 5.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 -2.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 2.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.7
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.8 2.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.9 0.1 -1.6 -1.0 1.4 0.5 -0.6 -1.1
Depression (self-reported) 1.8 2.1 3.0 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 -1.1 -1.0 -1.7 1.7 1.4 -1.5 -1.3 1.4 1.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.6 -0.7 -0.6
Prospective memory result 3.9 4.8 9.6 2.1 3.1 2.3 -0.6 0.7 2.0 -2.5 -2.8 1.8 2.5 -2.3 -2.4
Lung cancer (father) 1.3 1.5 5.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 1.6 1.1 -2.4 -0.6 1.4 1.6
Illnesses of mother 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.2 0.6 4.8 -0.2 0.4 0.1 2.2 1.2 0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.4 -1.0 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 2.2 10.4 14.5 -3.3 -3.5 -3.6 -2.5 -3.4 -3.6 2.8 3.4 -1.9 -3.8 3.4 3.1
Arm fat mass (right) 1.0 4.1 8.1 2.0 2.8 2.0 0.8 1.9 2.6 -2.0 -2.2 0.8 2.6 -1.7 -1.6
Trunk predicted mass 2.0 11.5 20.7 2.8 4.3 3.3 4.5 4.2 3.2 -2.5 -3.6 0.9 4.0 -3.0 -2.6
Standing height 0.2 2.0 10.8 0.1 2.2 0.7 3.3 1.9 0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.2
Length of working week for main job 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 -0.6 0.6 1.5 -0.4 -0.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 3.5 3.9 7.3 1.9 2.7 2.0 -0.1 1.9 2.3 -2.2 -2.1 1.3 2.5 -1.8 -1.8
Breastfed as a baby 0.9 1.2 5.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.4 1.0 -2.2 -1.2 0.7 1.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.4 0.7 2.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -0.7 1.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.8 0.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 1.0 2.7 -1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -1.6 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 1.1 -0.3 -0.4 1.2 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.7 1.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1 1.2 0.7 -0.9 -1.1
Birth weight of first child 0.4 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 1.0 -0.5 -0.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.7 4.3 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.1 1.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 2.3 2.8 5.5 -1.9 -1.7 -2.0 -0.7 0.3 -1.0 1.9 2.1 -1.1 -1.6 2.3 2.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.1 -0.6 1.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.3 0.9 0.8
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.2 1.7 0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.5 1.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 3.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.8 2.3 5.1 -0.9 -2.0 -1.1 -1.9 -1.9 -1.4 1.4 2.2 -0.2 -1.7 1.1 1.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.1 0.5 0.0 0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.9 4.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -2.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.6 1.1 0.8
Headache pain in last month 3.8 6.5 9.1 -2.7 -2.4 -2.7 -2.1 -2.5 -2.9 2.2 2.7 -1.5 -2.3 3.0 3.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.8
Gout (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 -0.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 2.0 4.0 11.2 -1.8 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 -3.3 -2.2 1.9 1.8 -2.0 -2.1 1.5 1.8
Medication: Amlodipine 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.9 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.3 2.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.0
Birth weight 1.2 2.7 4.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.5 1.2 -1.1 -1.8 1.8 1.9 -1.6 -1.3 1.9 2.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.6 1.9 6.6 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -2.6 -0.9 -1.9 0.6 1.5 0.7 -0.9 1.4 1.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.6 4.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 2.1 0.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.3
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.8 -0.0 -1.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.0
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 0.4 0.5
Arm fat-free mass (right) 2.1 10.7 18.2 2.8 4.3 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.4 -2.7 -3.6 1.5 4.0 -3.0 -2.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.7 2.2 8.6 -1.2 -1.0 -1.5 -2.9 -1.1 -0.9 1.2 1.5 -0.9 -0.9 1.7 1.7
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.1 3.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -1.8 -0.5 1.6 1.0 -1.8 -0.2 0.7 1.2
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.5 3.2 0.3 -0.3 0.2 -1.8 -0.6 1.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.1 3.6 6.8 -1.6 -2.6 -1.7 -0.3 -1.7 -2.0 1.9 2.5 -1.5 -1.8 1.9 2.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 1.1 0.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.0 6.6 0.6 0.2 0.6 -2.6 -0.9 0.9 -0.3 -0.1 1.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.5
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.9 -1.0 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.9 0.4 -0.9 -0.6
Age at first live birth 1.0 1.8 4.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 1.6 -0.2 -1.0 1.6 0.7 -2.1 -1.5 1.0 1.0
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 1.3 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.5 0.7
Health satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.6 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -0.5 0.5 0.7 -1.6 -0.7 1.1 1.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.0 1.1 10.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 -3.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.8 2.6 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 1.6 1.1 -0.5 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.0 1.1 5.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -2.4 -2.2 -0.2 0.6 1.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.8 2.1 3.3 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.8 -0.1 0.8 -1.7 -1.2 1.4 1.5 -1.6 -1.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.6 1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.9 -0.7 0.9 1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.5 0.8 6.4 0.7 0.0 0.7 2.5 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.9 0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.3 2.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -1.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.0
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.8 0.8 0.3 0.6 -0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 1.7 0.9 -0.5 -0.9
Migraine (self-reported) 2.8 3.5 6.3 -2.5 -1.4 -2.3 -0.5 0.7 -2.1 1.8 1.5 -1.9 -1.6 2.5 2.2
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3 0.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 1.1 1.1
Medication: Allopurinol 1.3 1.7 2.9 1.3 1.6 1.7 0.8 0.4 0.3 -1.1 -1.6 0.9 1.7 -1.6 -1.4
Medication: Omeprazole 3.1 3.7 8.4 2.0 1.6 1.8 -1.6 0.3 2.3 -2.9 -1.5 2.4 1.1 -1.9 -2.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.6 1.9 4.6 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.2 2.2 1.0 -1.7 -1.2 1.3 1.0 -1.1 -1.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.5 1.0 1.8 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.5 0.9 -1.3 -1.4 0.9 1.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.1 1.4 3.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.4 -0.1 -1.7 0.9 1.3 0.1 -1.3 1.3 1.1
Whole body fat mass 0.7 2.9 6.4 1.7 2.5 1.6 0.5 1.4 1.9 -1.8 -2.1 0.7 2.2 -1.4 -1.3
Leg fat mass (right) 0.7 2.7 5.6 1.6 2.4 1.5 0.2 1.3 2.0 -1.7 -2.0 0.7 2.2 -1.4 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 2.0 10.4 17.5 2.7 4.2 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.4 -2.8 -3.6 1.5 3.9 -2.9 -2.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 4.0 1.3 1.5 0.9 -1.0 -1.1 2.0 -1.0 -1.2 0.6 0.7 -1.2 -1.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0 0.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 1.2 4.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.3 0.3 -1.0 -0.8 1.0 0.4 -2.1 -0.8 1.1 1.2
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 4.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.6 -0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.9 1.9 -1.1 -2.1 1.5 1.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.7 2.4 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 1.1 0.5 -1.5 -0.7 0.8 0.7
Overall health rating 0.3 0.7 3.6 -0.9 -0.2 -1.0 -1.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.2 0.8
Chest pain or discomfort 2.5 3.7 6.9 -1.7 -2.6 -1.7 -1.9 -1.4 -2.2 2.2 2.2 -0.7 -2.2 1.8 1.6
Had major operations 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.6 -0.4 0.5 -1.1 -0.2 0.8 0.5 0.0 1.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.5
Age at last live birth 1.2 1.8 2.5 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 1.0 -0.3 -1.4 1.4 1.4 -1.6 -1.4 1.2 1.4
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.6 3.6 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.2 0.5 -1.9 -1.5 1.8 1.1 -1.2 -1.5
Leg pain on walking 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 0.9 0.8 -0.8 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.6 1.7 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 1.3 -0.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.9 0.8
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.8 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.7 -0.9 -1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.6 1.9 3.3 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.1 0.9 1.8 -0.7 -1.3 0.8 1.4 -1.7 -1.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 4.8 7.5 14.4 2.9 2.3 3.0 0.7 1.5 2.9 -3.1 -2.7 3.8 2.5 -2.9 -3.2
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 3.3 0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.8 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.8 2.1 4.3 1.1 0.7 1.1 -1.7 0.2 1.9 -1.8 -1.4 2.1 0.8 -1.5 -1.9
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.4 2.0 5.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.1 1.7 -1.2 -2.3 1.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.1 1.2 1.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.8 2.2 1.0 0.7 1.1 -0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.5 1.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.1 2.9 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.7 1.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 1.7 -0.5 -0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 2.2 12.9 21.5 3.0 4.6 3.5 3.9 4.2 3.8 -3.1 -3.9 1.6 4.3 -3.2 -2.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 2.6 14.1 22.7 3.3 4.8 3.7 3.4 4.2 4.3 -3.6 -4.0 2.2 4.4 -3.4 -3.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.6 3.2 1.4 1.8 1.2 -0.2 0.5 1.7 -1.4 -1.4 0.6 1.7 -1.0 -1.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.4 0.6 1.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.9 1.1 1.2 -0.9 -0.7 0.6 0.8
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 1.7 -1.2 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.5 -1.3 -1.0 1.2 1.1
Mood swings 1.0 1.8 4.3 -0.6 -1.4 -1.0 -1.5 -0.2 -1.1 2.1 1.8 -0.0 -0.1 1.9 1.9
Loneliness, isolation 1.0 1.4 2.6 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -0.2 -0.9 -1.6 1.0 1.2 -0.8 -1.1 1.3 1.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 -1.1 0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.1 1.3 2.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -1.2 1.0 1.3 -1.5 -1.5 1.1 1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 4.6 7.5 10.7 2.9 2.5 2.8 1.9 2.1 3.0 -2.7 -3.2 2.1 2.9 -3.0 -3.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.5 1.6 3.9 1.2 1.0 1.2 -1.6 1.1 1.8 -0.9 -0.5 2.0 1.4 -0.9 -1.0
Friendships satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.6 4.0 7.7 -2.8 -2.0 -2.5 -0.8 -1.4 -1.7 1.4 1.6 -2.3 -2.5 2.0 2.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.2 0.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.6 1.8 4.4 0.8 1.6 1.0 2.1 1.9 0.8 -1.2 -1.7 0.6 1.5 -1.0 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.6 1.0 7.7 0.1 -0.9 0.3 0.3 -2.8 -1.4 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 0.9 1.7 -1.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 1.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 1.3 1.3
Back pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.0 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.0 -1.1 0.6 0.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.3 3.1 5.2 2.1 2.1 1.7 -0.4 0.9 1.9 -1.9 -1.7 2.3 1.9 -1.5 -1.8
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.6 -1.3 1.1 0.7 -0.9 -0.2 1.2 1.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.9 5.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 -2.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 2.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.6
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 3.3 -1.1 -1.8 -1.1 -1.3 -0.6 -1.6 1.4 1.8 -0.4 -1.0 1.6 1.6
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.9 2.5 3.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 0.8 0.8 1.7 -1.2 -1.7 1.2 2.0 -1.8 -1.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0
Medication: Gliclazide 1.5 1.7 2.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 0.7 1.4 0.8 -1.4 -1.5 0.9 1.6 -1.4 -1.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.9 1.1 4.3 0.7 0.9 0.6 -0.7 2.1 1.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -1.0
Smoking status: Current 1.2 1.8 3.7 1.4 1.1 1.3 -0.1 1.9 1.9 -0.6 -1.2 1.6 1.5 -1.1 -1.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.9 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.1
Whole body water mass 2.3 13.0 21.5 3.0 4.6 3.5 4.0 4.3 3.8 -3.1 -3.9 1.5 4.3 -3.2 -2.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 2.7 14.4 23.0 3.4 4.8 3.7 3.5 4.2 4.4 -3.6 -4.0 2.2 4.4 -3.4 -3.2
Arm fat mass (left) 1.0 4.2 8.2 2.0 2.9 2.0 1.2 1.8 2.5 -2.1 -2.4 0.9 2.7 -1.8 -1.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.1 2.3 1.5 0.9 1.0 -1.0 0.2 0.9 -1.4 -0.7 1.5 0.6 -1.0 -1.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.8 1.3 -0.9 -0.2
Miserableness 1.2 2.0 4.2 -1.5 -1.9 -1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -1.7 1.6 1.7 0.1 -0.6 2.0 1.8
Guilty feelings 3.8 5.7 8.3 -2.0 -2.7 -2.4 -1.5 -1.9 -2.7 2.8 2.9 -2.0 -2.0 2.7 2.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 2.6 -1.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 1.6 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.9 0.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.0 0.4 0.8 -1.0 -0.8
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.7
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -1.2 0.4 0.5
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.9 0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.7 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.8 2.1 3.7 -0.8 -1.6 -1.4 -0.3 -1.6 -0.7 1.7 1.6 -1.9 -1.6 1.3 1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 1.1 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.8 0.4 0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.5 0.6 3.0 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.7 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.5 2.0 4.2 -1.7 -1.5 -1.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6 1.3 1.1 -2.0 -1.6 1.1 1.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.8 2.7 5.5 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.1 0.5 1.1 -1.8 -2.0 1.7 1.0 -2.2 -2.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.6 1.0 3.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.9 -1.1 -1.4 0.6 0.9 0.0 -0.5 1.1 1.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.7 0.8 2.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 -0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -1.0 0.7 1.1 -1.2 -0.9
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.7 2.1 3.3 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.7 0.3 0.7 -1.6 -1.8 0.6 1.7 -1.6 -1.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 1.1 -0.3 -1.5 0.6 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.8 -0.7
Ever smoked 2.3 4.0 8.2 2.1 1.6 2.5 0.0 1.6 2.4 -1.3 -1.5 2.7 2.9 -1.9 -1.8
Basal metabolic rate 2.1 11.4 19.8 2.8 4.4 3.3 3.6 4.0 3.6 -2.9 -3.6 1.4 4.1 -2.9 -2.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.2 1.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.0 0.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.7 8.5 15.5 2.3 3.9 2.8 3.4 3.6 2.9 -2.4 -3.3 0.8 3.6 -2.5 -2.2
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.2 3.3 7.3 2.1 1.3 2.0 -0.2 1.6 2.0 -1.6 -1.4 2.7 1.7 -1.8 -2.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Irritability 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 1.4 1.1 -0.3 -0.5
Risk taking 0.5 0.8 4.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 -2.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 1.0 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 7.1 8.2 11.1 -2.8 -2.8 -3.0 -1.7 -2.9 -2.7 3.0 2.8 -3.2 -3.3 2.8 2.9
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 1.6 0.9 -1.1 -0.4 0.5 0.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 3.1 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.2 -1.8 -1.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 3.2 7.7 -1.9 -0.9 -1.9 -0.9 -1.7 -2.8 1.1 1.7 -1.9 -1.6 2.0 2.1
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 -0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.1 1.4 2.3 1.5 0.4 1.5 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.7 -1.3 1.4 1.5 -1.4 -1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.6 1.9 4.7 1.6 0.8 2.2 1.9 0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 1.8 1.5 -1.6 -1.2
Myopia 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 0.7 0.7 -1.4 -1.0 0.6 0.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.2 0.9 0.2 1.3 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.4 2.9 7.5 1.6 1.0 1.6 -1.0 0.3 2.1 -2.7 -1.4 2.4 0.5 -1.9 -2.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.7 0.8 3.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.9 1.8 1.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 2.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.1 1.4 1.5 -1.1 -1.1 1.3 1.4
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.6 0.6 1.2 0.8 -0.6 0.4 1.3 -1.6 -1.2 1.1 0.9 -1.0 -1.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.8 0.4 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.5
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.8 1.0 -0.3 -0.3
Impedance of whole body 3.6 18.2 25.0 -4.5 -4.8 -4.7 -3.1 -4.2 -5.0 3.9 4.2 -2.9 -5.0 4.4 4.1
Leg fat mass (left) 0.7 2.7 5.5 1.6 2.3 1.5 0.1 1.1 2.0 -1.8 -2.0 0.6 2.1 -1.5 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.6 8.0 14.8 2.3 3.9 2.7 3.1 3.4 2.9 -2.3 -3.1 0.7 3.5 -2.4 -2.0