Hub : Genes

ACE

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0810 0.0320 2.0e-05 0.049 0.034 0.035 0.035 0.040 1.1e-06 4.3e-05 3.3e-05 4.2e-05 1.0e-05
2 GTEx Colon Transverse 0.3060 0.0880 2.8e-06 0.280 NA 0.240 NA 0.275 9.6e-14 NA 9.4e-12 NA 1.8e-13
3 GTEx Lung 0.1802 0.0662 2.2e-05 0.074 NA 0.050 NA 0.071 2.5e-06 NA 9.8e-05 NA 3.9e-06
4 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0165 0.0097 5.2e-03 0.014 0.007 0.012 NA 0.011 6.2e-04 1.4e-02 1.3e-03 NA 2.4e-03
5 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.3370 0.0890 3.5e-10 0.219 0.168 0.217 NA 0.221 8.0e-13 5.6e-10 1.1e-12 NA 6.5e-13
6 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.1550 0.0890 7.0e-03 0.076 0.029 0.064 NA 0.073 4.1e-05 8.8e-03 1.5e-04 NA 5.8e-05
7 TCGA Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma 0.0400 0.0220 2.7e-03 0.046 0.041 0.033 NA 0.039 4.5e-04 9.4e-04 2.7e-03 NA 1.2e-03
8 TCGA Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma 0.1260 0.0660 5.9e-04 0.143 0.052 0.093 NA 0.098 1.4e-06 3.2e-03 1.0e-04 NA 6.6e-05
9 TCGA Rectum Adenocarcinoma 0.1630 0.0830 3.3e-03 0.139 0.102 0.113 NA 0.133 3.8e-04 2.3e-03 1.3e-03 NA 5.1e-04
10 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.0630 0.0340 2.3e-03 0.032 0.022 0.020 NA 0.007 2.0e-03 9.3e-03 1.3e-02 NA 9.5e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.7 1.1 -0.7 1.1 0.7 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -0.2 1.0 0.7 0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 2.9 7.0 9.3 -2.6 3.0 2.2 -2.8 2.8 2.8 -2.2 3.0 3.0 2.0
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.5 -0.1 -1.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.9 1.9 -0.6 1.1 0.7 -1.1 1.0 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.4 0.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.3 1.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 3.7 7.7 10.5 -2.7 3.1 2.2 -2.8 2.9 2.8 -2.6 3.0 3.2 2.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 1.8 -1.0 0.4 0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -1.3 0.3 0.9 0.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.3 2.8 5.1 1.9 -1.6 -1.9 1.4 -1.8 -1.5 2.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 7.0 8.2 10.9 -3.3 3.3 2.4 -2.6 2.8 2.8 -2.2 3.2 3.2 2.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 12.0 13.0 17.5 -4.2 4.0 3.5 -3.2 3.3 3.4 -3.3 3.8 3.8 3.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 19.1 27.8 34.2 -5.8 5.9 5.1 -5.0 5.2 5.3 -4.3 5.5 5.5 4.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.1 2.1 -1.5 1.1 1.2 -0.8 0.7 0.8 -0.6 0.9 1.0 1.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.8 4.3 6.6 -2.5 2.1 2.1 -1.9 1.9 1.9 -1.7 1.9 2.1 2.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 2.6 4.9 5.9 -2.4 2.3 2.1 -2.1 2.2 2.1 -2.1 2.0 2.3 2.4
Major Depression (MDD) 1.1 1.4 2.2 0.9 -1.4 -0.3 1.4 -1.4 -1.5 0.2 -1.5 -1.4 -0.6
Reaction Time 1.5 2.9 8.4 -1.4 1.2 2.3 -1.4 1.6 1.3 -2.9 0.8 1.5 1.4
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.2 3.0 4.3 -1.8 1.8 1.8 -1.6 1.5 1.6 -1.5 1.4 2.1 2.0
Breast Cancer 0.4 1.1 1.8 -0.9 1.1 0.8 -1.0 1.1 1.1 -1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3
Prostate Cancer 1.8 2.6 5.8 -1.6 1.3 1.8 -1.5 1.7 1.5 -2.4 1.2 1.6 1.1
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.3 3.2 3.9 1.8 -1.6 -2.0 1.8 -1.9 -1.7 1.9 -1.4 -2.0 -1.8
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.7 0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.8 0.5 1.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3
Fasting Glucose 1.6 1.9 3.5 1.3 -1.5 -1.9 1.5 -1.5 -1.4 0.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.4
HbA1C 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.4
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.3 0.5 0.9
LDL Cholesterol 1.7 2.6 3.6 1.8 -1.7 -1.4 1.7 -1.9 -1.8 1.3 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1
Lupus 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8
Neuroticism (2016) 1.0 1.5 2.6 0.4 -1.2 -0.8 1.6 -1.6 -1.5 1.3 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.4 2.0 4.3 -0.9 1.2 2.0 -1.5 1.4 1.4 -1.6 0.8 0.9 2.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.7 0.9 -0.0
Schizophrenia (2014) 4.2 9.2 14.0 -3.2 3.4 2.3 -2.9 3.0 3.0 -2.9 3.4 3.7 2.2
Triglycerides 0.7 1.2 2.3 1.2 -0.9 -1.3 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.3 -0.7 -0.8 -1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.4
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.3 2.1 0.8 -1.2 -0.3 1.4 -1.5 -1.4 1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.8
Blood Platelet Count 0.4 4.5 7.2 2.7 -2.3 -2.2 1.8 -1.9 -1.9 1.8 -2.1 -2.5 -1.8
Blood Red Count 0.5 4.9 21.1 2.5 -1.6 -1.8 1.1 -1.5 -1.2 4.6 -1.3 -2.8 -1.0
Blood White Count 1.6 11.7 16.8 3.3 -3.3 -3.0 3.5 -3.8 -3.4 4.1 -3.0 -4.0 -2.6
Heel T-Score 0.1 0.5 2.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.2 1.5
BMI 1.4 8.2 17.6 3.4 -3.4 -1.5 2.4 -2.6 -2.7 2.4 -3.4 -4.2 -1.5
Height 1.2 22.8 38.1 -4.5 5.1 4.2 -5.4 5.6 5.4 -1.7 5.0 6.2 3.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.8 3.4 11.6 -1.6 1.6 1.8 -1.5 1.6 1.5 -3.4 1.4 1.7 1.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 7.1 35.6 56.9 6.1 -7.0 -3.2 6.0 -6.2 -6.4 4.3 -7.5 -7.5 -3.5
Smoking Status 2.4 5.7 7.7 -2.4 2.5 1.7 -2.3 2.4 2.4 -2.8 2.5 2.7 1.9
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.3 1.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 24.3 80.4 108.2 8.5 -10.1 -6.0 9.5 -9.8 -9.8 7.2 -10.3 -10.4 -6.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.9 3.5 0.6 -1.5 -0.7 1.9 -1.8 -1.8 0.4 -1.6 -1.0 -1.6
Respiratory disease 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 12.3 23.1 27.1 4.8 -4.9 -5.2 4.8 -4.9 -4.8 4.4 -4.4 -4.8 -5.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.5 2.3 6.6 1.7 -2.0 -0.3 1.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.4 -2.2 -2.6 -0.2
Lung FVC 0.2 1.0 2.7 -0.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.6 0.9 -0.2
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 2.7 0.8 -0.7 -1.6 1.0 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2
Chronotype (morning person) 2.7 6.1 9.2 2.0 -2.4 -2.1 2.8 -3.0 -2.8 2.6 -2.4 -2.1 -2.2
Hair Pigment 0.1 4.0 7.2 -2.6 2.1 1.2 -1.4 1.6 1.6 -2.7 2.2 2.6 1.0
Tanning 0.3 3.7 6.4 -1.3 2.1 0.8 -2.5 2.5 2.5 -0.8 2.3 2.1 1.2
Hand grip strength (left) 1.1 2.9 6.0 2.1 -1.4 -2.4 1.1 -1.0 -1.1 2.4 -1.1 -1.5 -2.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 10.5 18.8 25.8 3.6 -5.0 -2.9 4.9 -4.9 -5.0 2.4 -5.1 -4.6 -4.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.9 1.5 2.5 1.1 -1.1 -1.6 1.3 -1.3 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.4 0.9 0.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.6 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 -1.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.8 1.0 2.3 0.2 -1.2 1.3 0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.1 0.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.7 0.9 2.8 0.9 -0.2 -1.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.3 -1.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 -1.0 0.3 0.6 -0.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.7 7.9 13.4 3.1 -3.3 -1.7 2.6 -2.7 -2.8 2.3 -3.5 -3.7 -1.6
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 9.4 10.4 19.7 3.5 -3.1 -3.0 2.8 -3.0 -2.8 4.4 -2.8 -3.7 -2.7
Angina 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.0 -0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.8 -0.7 -1.3 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -1.5
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.6
Supplements: Zinc 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.8 -0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0
Medication: Metformin 3.9 5.5 9.1 2.1 -2.4 -2.7 2.4 -2.4 -2.4 1.9 -2.0 -1.9 -3.0
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 -0.8 -0.8 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9
Diabetes (mother) 0.7 0.9 1.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.6 1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.9
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.6 0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 2.3 3.5 6.1 -2.5 2.2 1.9 -1.3 1.3 1.5 -1.5 2.0 2.1 2.1
Impedance of leg (right) 0.1 0.5 2.2 0.7 -0.4 -1.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1
Trunk fat percentage 2.4 9.7 12.9 3.3 -3.6 -2.6 2.9 -2.9 -3.1 1.9 -3.4 -3.5 -3.5
Hand grip strength (right) 1.0 2.8 7.8 2.2 -1.1 -2.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 2.8 -0.7 -1.5 -2.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.9 1.2 2.2 -0.9 1.4 0.3 -1.2 1.2 1.2 -1.1 1.5 1.2 0.7
Current tobacco smoking 2.2 3.5 6.2 -2.0 2.0 1.6 -1.5 1.6 1.6 -2.5 1.9 2.2 1.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.6 0.9 1.1 -0.8 0.7 0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.9 1.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 1.1 -0.5 -0.6 0.4
Fed-up feelings 2.2 3.9 5.5 1.7 -1.9 -2.4 2.2 -2.4 -2.1 1.6 -1.5 -1.8 -2.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.5 0.4 -1.4 -0.4 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.5 -1.0
Taking other prescription medications 1.9 2.9 6.4 1.2 -2.2 0.1 1.9 -1.9 -2.1 -0.7 -2.5 -1.9 -0.8
Age when periods started (menarche) 2.7 6.5 11.9 2.3 -2.3 -3.3 2.4 -2.3 -2.3 2.4 -1.8 -2.3 -3.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.0 2.3 2.9 1.5 -1.6 -1.5 1.6 -1.7 -1.6 1.1 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.6 1.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.0 1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 4.6 6.1 9.3 2.1 -2.6 -2.2 2.7 -2.6 -2.6 1.7 -2.4 -2.5 -3.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.4 2.7 -0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -1.6 0.3 0.7 -0.2
High blood pressure 16.8 46.8 63.8 5.9 -7.8 -4.4 7.7 -7.8 -7.9 4.5 -8.0 -7.6 -5.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.4 1.5 1.2 -0.7 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.5
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6
Medication: Atenolol 2.8 3.5 6.7 0.9 -2.2 -0.3 2.4 -2.3 -2.5 0.0 -2.6 -2.1 -0.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6
Sitting height 0.2 1.1 3.2 -0.2 0.8 0.3 -1.3 1.1 1.2 1.8 0.8 0.9 1.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.6 2.4 -1.0 0.2 1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.2 1.4
High blood pressure (mother) 3.8 5.3 8.6 2.2 -2.7 -1.4 2.4 -2.5 -2.5 1.5 -2.8 -2.9 -1.5
Body mass index (BMI) 1.2 5.1 9.1 2.4 -2.8 -1.3 2.1 -2.1 -2.3 1.2 -2.8 -3.0 -1.7
Impedance of leg (left) 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1
Trunk fat mass 1.2 5.2 7.3 2.6 -2.7 -1.8 1.9 -1.9 -2.1 1.6 -2.6 -2.6 -2.6
Waist circumference 0.1 0.5 1.2 0.6 -1.0 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.3 2.8 -1.5 1.5 0.3 -0.8 0.9 1.0 -0.5 1.7 1.5 0.5
Past tobacco smoking 1.4 2.5 3.6 1.1 -1.6 -1.0 1.9 -1.9 -1.9 1.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.4 2.2 3.7 1.9 -1.4 -1.9 1.1 -1.1 -1.2 1.8 -1.1 -1.4 -1.5
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.6 0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.8 1.0 -0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.6 0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Had menopause 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.6 3.2 0.3 0.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.8 0.4 0.2 -1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 2.4 2.9 5.3 1.1 -2.1 -0.3 2.1 -2.1 -2.1 0.4 -2.3 -1.9 -1.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.3 2.2 0.8 -1.1 -0.6 1.2 -1.3 -1.2 1.2 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.6 0.4 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 3.8 5.9 10.2 2.3 -3.0 -1.2 2.7 -2.6 -2.8 0.9 -3.2 -2.8 -1.6
Heart attack 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.3 -0.0 0.9 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.8
Allergy 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.5 -0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3
Diabetes (self-reported) 7.1 11.0 13.9 2.9 -3.6 -3.0 3.6 -3.7 -3.6 2.6 -3.5 -3.4 -3.0
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.0 -0.3 0.7 1.0 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -1.4 0.5 0.5 1.4
Medication: Ramipril 6.2 7.9 13.9 2.5 -3.4 -0.9 3.2 -3.1 -3.2 1.1 -3.7 -3.5 -1.8
Medication: Simvastatin 6.1 8.9 10.3 2.7 -3.1 -2.8 3.2 -3.2 -3.1 2.6 -2.8 -3.0 -3.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.2
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 1.1 1.9 -1.4 1.1 0.6 -0.9 1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.1 1.4 0.3
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.6 1.9 0.6 -0.4 -1.4 0.8 -1.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.8
Weight 0.2 0.8 1.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.8
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.3 4.8 0.4 -0.8 -1.4 1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -2.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 2.9 11.3 15.3 3.4 -3.9 -2.6 3.3 -3.3 -3.5 2.1 -3.8 -3.9 -3.4
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.9 3.5 -0.8 1.3 1.2 -1.8 1.9 1.7 0.5 1.2 1.3 1.4
Hip circumference 1.1 4.6 8.1 2.2 -2.6 -1.1 1.8 -1.8 -2.0 2.2 -2.7 -2.8 -1.7
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.5 1.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.7 1.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.0 0.5
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.9
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.6 1.2 3.3 1.1 -1.0 -0.8 0.9 -1.2 -1.0 1.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.6 3.2 -0.8 0.2 1.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -1.8 -0.0 0.3 0.6
Falls in the last year 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.4 0.7 1.5 -0.6 0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.7 -1.2 0.7 1.2 0.2
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 2.0 5.5 1.3 -0.9 -2.0 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 2.4 -0.6 -1.0 -1.9
Pulse rate 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.5 0.8
Happiness 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3
Noisy workplace 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.6 1.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.0 0.7 0.5 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.4 0.8 0.5 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.5 0.6 -1.3 -0.9 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.3 -0.4
Asthma 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.2 3.1 0.5 -1.2 0.9 1.1 -1.2 -1.3 0.4 -1.8 -1.4 0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 7.1 11.1 12.6 3.4 -3.5 -3.3 3.3 -3.4 -3.4 3.0 -3.2 -3.4 -3.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.5 -0.9 0.1 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.5 1.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.6 1.4 -1.2 1.1 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.0 1.2 0.9 0.4
Lung cancer (father) 6.8 8.0 11.8 -3.4 2.9 3.3 -2.1 2.2 2.2 -3.2 2.4 3.0 3.0
Illnesses of mother 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.7 0.2 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.9 2.9 7.1 1.5 -1.4 -1.8 1.6 -1.4 -1.5 2.7 -1.2 -1.6 -1.9
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.3 0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 0.9 3.4 0.2 -0.5 -1.3 1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -1.8
Arm fat mass (right) 1.7 7.1 10.6 2.9 -3.1 -1.9 2.4 -2.4 -2.6 2.1 -3.1 -3.3 -2.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.7 3.1 -0.8 1.2 1.1 -1.7 1.8 1.6 0.6 1.2 1.2 1.3
Standing height 0.6 6.0 10.6 -2.1 2.7 1.4 -2.9 3.0 3.0 0.2 2.8 3.3 1.3
Length of working week for main job 3.2 3.5 6.3 -2.5 2.0 1.8 -1.4 1.5 1.5 -1.6 2.0 2.1 2.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.0 1.1 1.6 -1.0 1.0 1.1 -1.2 1.1 1.1 -1.1 1.0 0.8 1.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.4 0.6 0.3 -0.9 1.0 0.8 -1.4 0.7 0.8 0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.9 3.2 4.8 1.7 -1.7 -2.2 1.8 -1.9 -1.7 2.0 -1.3 -1.7 -1.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.9 1.4 2.2 1.1 -1.4 -0.3 1.3 -1.3 -1.4 0.8 -1.5 -1.5 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.8
Birth weight of first child 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.2 0.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 4.5 10.4 21.7 3.5 -2.9 -3.7 2.6 -2.8 -2.6 4.7 -2.3 -3.2 -3.3
Pulse wave reflection index 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Loud music exposure frequency 1.6 1.8 3.1 -1.6 1.5 0.8 -1.2 1.4 1.3 -1.3 1.5 1.8 0.7
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.6 1.7 -0.6 0.4 1.3 -0.5 0.6 0.5 -1.1 0.2 0.5 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.7 2.2 4.2 -2.0 1.5 1.8 -1.1 1.1 1.2 -1.1 1.2 1.4 2.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.1 1.4 2.2 -1.2 1.4 0.8 -1.3 1.3 1.4 -0.4 1.5 0.9 1.2
Medication: Paracetamol 4.7 7.7 11.6 2.3 -3.3 -1.5 3.1 -3.1 -3.2 1.5 -3.4 -3.3 -2.1
Headache pain in last month 3.6 6.2 8.7 2.1 -2.8 -1.7 2.9 -2.8 -2.9 1.2 -2.9 -2.6 -2.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 19.9 33.0 41.2 -5.1 6.2 4.9 -6.3 6.4 6.3 -4.8 6.0 6.0 5.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.7 1.1 -0.7 -1.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -1.6
Gout (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.3 2.5 3.9 1.0 -1.8 -0.6 2.0 -1.9 -2.0 0.6 -1.9 -1.4 -1.6
Medication: Amlodipine 6.2 8.7 13.2 2.2 -3.4 -1.7 3.6 -3.6 -3.6 1.4 -3.5 -3.1 -2.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.9 0.7 0.8 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6
Birth weight 3.7 8.1 9.4 -2.9 2.9 2.6 -2.9 3.0 2.9 -2.5 2.9 3.1 2.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 5.2 7.5 10.6 2.8 -2.9 -2.1 2.7 -2.9 -2.8 3.0 -2.8 -3.2 -1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.0 4.6 0.5 -0.3 -1.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 2.1 -0.1 -0.5 -1.3
Body fat percentage 2.6 10.1 13.6 3.5 -3.7 -2.6 3.0 -3.0 -3.1 1.8 -3.6 -3.7 -3.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.7 6.2 9.4 2.9 -3.0 -1.9 2.2 -2.2 -2.4 1.3 -2.9 -3.1 -2.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.8 1.8 -0.2 0.7 0.7 -1.3 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.2 0.6 0.2 -1.0 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.8
Comparative body size at age 10 1.4 4.0 7.5 -2.6 1.6 2.6 -1.3 1.5 1.3 -2.7 1.4 2.3 1.8
Number of full brothers 1.0 1.3 1.8 1.1 -1.1 -1.2 1.4 -1.2 -1.3 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.7 1.1 5.5 -1.4 0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -2.4 0.4 1.6 0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.1 -1.3 -0.7 1.4 -1.3 -1.4 0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.7 4.5 -2.1 1.4 1.1 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -1.8 1.2 1.6 1.0
Number of children fathered 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.8
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.8 0.9 2.3 -1.0 1.0 0.2 -0.8 0.8 0.9 -1.1 1.1 1.5 0.4
Age at first live birth 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 1.1 -1.1 -1.1 0.4 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.9 2.3 4.2 -2.0 1.5 2.0 -1.2 1.3 1.3 -1.4 1.2 1.1 1.7
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.6 2.3 -0.5 0.1 1.2 -0.5 0.6 0.4 -1.5 -0.1 0.8 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 5.3 6.3 9.6 -3.1 2.9 2.1 -2.2 2.3 2.4 -2.2 2.8 2.9 1.9
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 6.5 11.2 18.1 -2.7 4.0 1.6 -3.8 3.9 4.0 -1.6 4.3 3.7 2.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.3 1.8 4.6 -1.9 0.8 2.1 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -2.1 0.5 1.3 1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 17.3 30.5 40.5 4.7 -6.0 -4.3 6.3 -6.4 -6.3 3.7 -6.0 -5.8 -4.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 0.3
Migraine (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.8 2.2 0.4 -1.1 0.8 0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.5 -0.9 0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.8 1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.3 1.5 2.6 -1.0 1.1 1.3 -1.2 1.2 1.2 -1.6 1.1 1.1 1.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 2.9 5.6 12.2 -2.5 2.2 2.5 -1.9 2.2 1.9 -3.5 1.9 2.9 1.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.7 0.9 2.0 0.9 -1.2 0.2 1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2 -0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.0 1.2 3.0 1.3 -1.0 -1.3 1.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -1.7
Whole body fat mass 1.6 6.5 9.2 3.0 -3.0 -2.0 2.1 -2.1 -2.3 1.9 -2.9 -3.0 -2.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.8 3.0 4.9 2.1 -2.2 -1.2 1.4 -1.4 -1.5 1.1 -2.1 -2.2 -1.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.6 1.5 -0.0 0.4 0.8 -1.2 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.7 1.4 1.2 -1.1 -0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4
Comparative height size at age 10 1.0 5.8 9.4 -2.1 2.6 1.9 -2.8 2.9 2.8 -0.7 2.5 3.1 1.7
Number of full sisters 4.4 5.4 7.6 2.3 -2.5 -1.7 2.4 -2.3 -2.4 2.2 -2.4 -2.8 -2.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.5
Overall health rating 2.0 4.2 7.9 1.1 -2.5 -0.2 2.6 -2.6 -2.7 -0.2 -2.8 -2.3 -0.9
Chest pain or discomfort 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.8 0.7 0.8 -0.5 0.5 0.5 -1.5 0.5 0.8 1.2
Had major operations 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.1
Age at last live birth 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.1
Family relationship satisfaction 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.1
Leg pain on walking 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.0 -0.8 0.6 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 3.1 4.1 6.2 1.4 -2.2 -1.6 2.5 -2.5 -2.4 1.3 -2.2 -2.0 -1.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.5 1.8 3.4 -1.1 1.4 1.1 -1.2 1.4 1.2 -1.8 1.3 1.6 1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.7
Hypertension (Self-reported) 17.1 47.6 64.5 6.0 -7.8 -4.5 7.8 -7.8 -7.9 4.6 -8.0 -7.6 -5.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.6 0.8 1.8 0.4 -0.7 -1.3 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.2 1.6 4.1 1.7 -1.7 0.2 0.8 -0.9 -1.1 0.2 -2.0 -2.0 0.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.9 0.9 0.8 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.3 -0.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 0.9 1.8 -0.5 0.8 1.0 -1.3 1.4 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.5
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.6 10.5 14.4 3.3 -3.8 -2.6 3.1 -3.1 -3.3 2.1 -3.7 -3.8 -3.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.9 1.3 2.2 -0.8 1.3 0.5 -1.5 1.3 1.4 0.7 1.4 0.9 1.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.8 1.0 2.3 -1.1 0.9 1.1 -0.8 0.8 0.8 -1.5 0.7 1.0 0.9
Mood swings 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.7
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 1.0 1.9 -0.9 1.3 -0.1 -1.2 1.0 1.3 0.1 1.4 0.8 1.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.8 1.2 2.9 0.8 -1.5 -0.0 1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.2 -1.7 -1.4 -0.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.6 0.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 1.0 0.4
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 10.2 16.7 19.9 3.9 -4.3 -4.3 4.2 -4.3 -4.2 3.5 -3.9 -3.9 -4.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 0.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.7 0.8 3.4 0.6 -0.3 -1.9 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.4 0.0 -0.3 -1.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.5 0.8 2.3 -0.7 0.5 1.5 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -1.2 -0.0 0.5 1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.7 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.1 1.3 2.1 -0.8 0.9 1.0 -1.4 1.4 1.3 -1.4 0.8 0.8 1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.6 1.0 2.1 -0.5 1.1 0.4 -1.2 1.2 1.2 -0.5 1.3 1.5 -0.3
Medication for cholesterol 9.9 15.0 19.1 -3.2 4.2 3.0 -4.4 4.3 4.3 -2.9 4.1 4.3 3.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 1.0 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.6 -0.3 1.0 0.7 0.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.5 0.5
Asthma (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.5
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.9 2.5 2.9 -1.6 1.5 1.3 -1.6 1.6 1.6 -1.7 1.4 1.7 1.7
Medication: Aspirin 3.7 4.8 6.7 1.8 -2.4 -1.7 2.5 -2.6 -2.5 1.5 -2.5 -2.3 -1.7
Medication: Gliclazide 2.4 2.7 5.2 0.7 -1.4 -2.3 2.1 -1.9 -1.9 0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -2.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 1.0 2.7 -0.6 1.3 -0.3 -1.1 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.7 1.2 -0.2
Smoking status: Current 2.4 3.7 6.3 -2.1 2.1 1.5 -1.5 1.7 1.7 -2.5 2.0 2.3 1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.4 2.7 0.4 -0.0 -0.7 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 1.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.0
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.8 1.7 -0.4 0.7 0.9 -1.2 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.0 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.8 -0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.4
Arm fat mass (left) 1.6 6.4 8.9 2.7 -3.0 -2.0 2.3 -2.2 -2.4 2.0 -2.8 -3.0 -2.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 2.7 4.7 7.6 1.9 -2.7 -0.9 2.4 -2.5 -2.5 0.9 -2.8 -2.5 -1.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.3 2.6 1.6 -1.3 -1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.6
Miserableness 0.8 1.4 2.2 1.4 -1.0 -1.5 1.2 -1.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5
Guilty feelings 4.7 7.1 10.8 -3.3 2.6 3.0 -2.3 2.3 2.3 -2.8 2.4 3.0 2.5
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.9 0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.9 2.1 3.4 -0.7 1.7 0.7 -1.9 1.7 1.8 -1.3 1.7 1.4 1.1
Hearing aid user 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.0
Mother’s age at death 2.0 2.5 4.0 -1.9 1.6 2.0 -1.3 1.4 1.4 -1.4 1.3 1.6 1.8
Financial situation satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 12.0 22.9 32.7 3.8 -5.5 -2.8 5.5 -5.5 -5.6 3.1 -5.7 -5.5 -3.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.4 0.5 1.5 -1.2 0.7 0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 3.9 7.0 10.0 2.7 -2.8 -2.3 2.7 -2.8 -2.7 2.5 -2.6 -3.2 -1.9
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 3.5 5.3 7.8 1.5 -2.6 -1.5 2.8 -2.8 -2.8 1.4 -2.7 -2.5 -1.9
Medication: Paracetamol 3.9 6.1 8.9 2.4 -3.0 -1.6 2.6 -2.5 -2.7 0.9 -3.0 -2.9 -2.2
Medication: Lisinopril 6.4 8.2 13.1 2.0 -3.2 -2.0 3.6 -3.5 -3.5 1.5 -3.3 -2.8 -2.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.0 1.2 2.2 0.7 -1.2 -0.0 1.4 -1.4 -1.4 0.4 -1.4 -1.5 0.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 11.3 13.9 18.7 3.7 -4.3 -3.0 4.0 -4.0 -4.1 2.4 -4.2 -3.8 -3.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.8 0.9 3.7 -0.7 0.6 1.3 -0.8 0.9 0.7 -1.9 0.4 0.7 0.7
Ever smoked 2.4 4.2 5.4 -1.6 2.2 1.4 -2.3 2.3 2.3 -2.1 2.3 1.9 1.7
Basal metabolic rate 0.0 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.3 4.9 7.9 2.6 -2.7 -1.5 1.9 -2.0 -2.1 0.9 -2.7 -2.8 -2.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.3 0.5 1.7 -1.1 0.1 0.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -1.3 -0.2 -0.0 0.9
Irritability 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.4 1.3 1.3 -0.2
Risk taking 5.0 7.4 12.0 -2.8 2.6 3.5 -2.2 2.5 2.2 -3.5 2.2 2.5 2.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 0.9 1.4 0.7 -1.0 -0.6 1.0 -1.1 -1.1 1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.0 2.3 -1.5 1.3 0.5 -0.7 0.8 0.9 -0.1 1.4 1.4 0.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 3.1 9.7 17.3 3.3 -3.8 -0.8 2.9 -3.1 -3.2 2.5 -4.2 -4.0 -1.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.1 -0.9 0.4 1.2 -1.2 -1.2 0.4 -1.2 -0.8 0.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.7 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.3 -1.4 0.2 0.5 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.0
Myopia 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 15.9 43.4 61.3 -5.7 7.5 4.1 -7.4 7.5 7.6 -4.1 7.8 7.4 5.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.5 1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.6
Supplements: Calcium 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.4 -0.7 0.9 0.9 -0.9 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.8 0.5 1.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.6
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 2.1 -1.1 1.3 0.7 -1.4 1.3 1.4 -0.3 1.4 0.8 1.0
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 0.9 -0.2 0.8 0.7 -1.0 1.0 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.3 1.7 0.4 0.0 -1.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 -1.3
Pack years of smoking 2.7 3.9 6.3 -2.5 2.3 2.0 -1.5 1.5 1.7 -1.6 2.1 2.1 2.3
Impedance of whole body 0.2 0.9 3.4 0.6 -0.6 -1.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -1.8
Leg fat mass (left) 0.8 3.1 5.2 2.2 -2.2 -1.1 1.4 -1.4 -1.6 1.1 -2.2 -2.3 -1.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.4 0.9 -0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.6