Hub : Genes

AHNAK2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.2670 0.0960 1.2e-03 0.026 NA 0.043 NA 0.044 5.9e-02 NA 2.0e-02 NA 1.9e-02
2 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1090 0.0330 1.6e-05 0.040 NA 0.059 NA 0.074 1.1e-03 NA 8.1e-05 NA 1.2e-05
3 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1310 0.0420 1.1e-04 0.065 NA 0.066 NA 0.086 8.9e-05 NA 8.0e-05 NA 6.7e-06
4 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1493 0.0542 4.5e-03 0.071 NA 0.026 NA 0.049 9.3e-06 NA 5.4e-03 NA 2.3e-04
5 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.0710 0.0270 1.1e-03 0.024 NA 0.022 NA 0.015 3.9e-03 NA 5.4e-03 NA 1.8e-02
6 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0209 0.0108 5.3e-05 0.017 0.020 0.021 NA 0.021 1.7e-04 4.9e-05 2.5e-05 NA 2.9e-05
7 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0510 0.0260 1.0e-05 0.045 0.045 0.047 NA 0.044 1.8e-05 1.7e-05 1.1e-05 NA 2.1e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.5 3.9 7.5 2.1 1.9 2.1 -0.1 2.0 -1.9 2.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.4 1.0 2.3 1.1 0.8 1.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.9 1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 2.2 4.5 10.3 2.0 2.3 2.1 0.4 3.2 -1.4 2.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 5.3 7.9 13.9 2.0 3.5 3.2 1.4 3.7 -1.5 3.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 1.1 4.0 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 -1.7 2.0 0.6 0.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.7 3.6 1.7 1.1 1.1 -0.3 1.9 -1.2 1.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -1.4 0.4 -0.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.1 1.5 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 -2.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 1.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.6 -0.8 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 2.6 3.0 5.5 1.6 2.0 1.6 -2.0 0.7 -1.4 2.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.8 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.3 4.8 7.8 2.1 2.8 2.1 -1.1 2.4 -1.8 2.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.8 1.8 5.2 0.2 2.3 1.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 1.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 3.2 7.6 17.8 1.8 4.2 3.1 1.3 3.3 -1.3 2.9
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 3.4 6.4 13.0 1.8 3.6 2.8 1.4 3.0 -1.5 2.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Reaction Time 1.4 2.7 5.7 1.3 1.5 2.1 1.1 1.5 -1.2 2.4
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.2 6.9 0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.4 2.6 0.0 1.0
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.0 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 1.2 -0.4 -0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.4 0.0 0.7 -1.2 -0.4 0.1
Prostate Cancer 1.5 2.0 4.6 -2.1 -0.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.3 1.6 -1.9
Age at First Birth 0.7 1.0 6.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -2.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 1.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.2 1.7 6.8 -1.7 -0.8 -0.5 1.1 0.3 2.6 -0.3
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.2 1.3 0.6 -0.9 0.4 0.7 0.4
Mean Putamen Volume 2.4 2.7 3.8 1.9 1.6 1.7 -1.6 1.7 -1.0 1.9
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.5 -0.2 0.9 -0.8 0.9
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.1
HDL Cholesterol 1.2 1.9 3.3 -1.1 -1.7 -1.3 -1.8 -0.9 1.6 -1.0
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.0
Lupus 1.9 2.9 5.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.5 -1.0 -2.4 1.3 -2.0
Neuroticism (2016) 2.1 3.0 6.8 1.3 1.7 1.9 -0.7 2.6 -0.6 2.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 3.4 4.8 7.5 -2.7 -1.7 -2.2 1.3 -2.6 2.0 -2.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 -0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.4 0.9 2.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.4 0.9 -1.1
Triglycerides 1.0 1.6 2.6 1.2 1.1 1.6 -1.2 -0.2 -1.5 1.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 -1.1
Ulcerative Colitis 3.2 4.6 9.3 1.6 3.0 2.2 0.1 2.9 -0.9 2.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.5 3.6 10.5 1.8 1.7 1.8 -0.5 3.2 -1.6 1.6
Blood Platelet Count 2.7 31.4 59.8 7.2 5.2 5.1 -0.9 5.4 -7.7 5.0
Blood Red Count 0.5 4.7 19.9 1.1 1.6 1.9 4.5 0.8 -1.7 1.4
Blood White Count 1.3 9.3 26.6 3.8 2.0 1.9 0.6 5.2 -3.4 2.2
Heel T-Score 0.0 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.9 -0.7 0.2
BMI 0.2 1.0 6.0 0.1 0.3 -0.8 0.5 2.4 0.2 -0.5
Height 0.0 0.9 1.7 0.7 -1.1 -0.1 -1.3 -0.2 -1.0 1.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.2 2.4 1.5 1.3 0.1 -0.6 1.6 -1.3 0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 0.9 2.1 1.2 0.7 1.2 0.4 1.0 -1.5 0.3
Smoking Status 1.0 2.4 6.2 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 2.0 -2.5 0.7 -1.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.9 2.4 8.0 -1.0 -1.7 -1.2 -1.6 -2.8 0.3 -0.9
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.7 1.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.9 4.3 6.2 -2.4 -2.1 -2.2 -1.6 -1.7 1.6 -2.5
Respiratory disease 1.5 3.4 9.3 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 1.4 -3.0 1.3 -2.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.7 1.2 -0.3 -0.3
Lung FVC 0.1 0.6 3.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -1.9 0.0 0.5
Neuroticism 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.7 0.5 0.6 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 0.5
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.5 2.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 1.5 -1.2
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.6 2.6 -1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -1.6 0.8 -0.1
Tanning 1.3 16.0 25.6 -3.9 -5.1 -4.7 -1.2 -2.6 4.3 -4.8
Hand grip strength (left) 0.1 0.4 1.7 -0.6 0.1 0.6 0.3 -1.3 0.2 -0.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.1 -0.9 0.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.4 0.7 1.8 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 -0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 3.3 4.7 9.8 1.4 2.3 2.7 1.6 2.0 -1.3 3.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.8 2.8 7.7 -1.7 -2.3 -1.4 0.0 -2.8 1.2 -0.8
Relative age of first facial hair 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.7 3.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -1.8 0.3 0.5 -0.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.7 3.8 -0.1 0.5 0.2 1.9 0.5 0.2 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.8 0.8 2.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.9 1.4 0.5 1.3 -0.7
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.1 1.9 1.3 0.8 1.1 0.2 1.4 -1.3 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.2
Angina 1.1 1.4 2.0 -1.3 -1.4 -1.1 0.6 -0.8 1.4 -1.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.3 1.2 0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.7 0.8 3.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -1.8 0.0 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Metformin 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.2
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.9
Diabetes (mother) 1.7 2.2 6.1 2.0 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 -2.5 0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.1 0.4 -0.0 1.4 0.3 -0.1 0.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.8 2.7 5.7 1.9 1.7 1.5 0.1 2.4 -1.8 1.2
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 2.0 9.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -1.9 -3.1 0.2 -0.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.8 4.9 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.3 2.2 0.1 0.0
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.4 3.4 0.9 -0.9 -1.5 -1.9 1.4 -0.4 -0.6
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.1 2.5 0.0 1.2 1.6 1.3 -0.8 -0.4 1.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.3 1.8 4.3 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -2.1 -1.7 1.4 -0.9
Current tobacco smoking 1.4 2.3 5.4 1.4 0.8 1.4 2.3 -0.0 -2.2 1.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.9 0.9
Maternal smoking around birth 0.5 0.7 1.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 0.9 -0.6
Fed-up feelings 2.2 3.9 7.5 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.7 -1.0 2.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 3.9 5.1 8.3 2.1 2.9 2.2 1.2 2.7 -2.0 2.4
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 0.5
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.8 3.1 0.0 -0.6 -1.2 -1.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.9
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 2.2 2.6 4.4 -2.1 -1.0 -2.1 0.8 -0.7 2.1 -1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.0 -0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.4 0.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.4
High blood pressure 0.3 0.8 2.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.0 -1.5 -0.3 -1.3 -0.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.4 0.8 2.7 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.4 -1.6 -0.5 0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.2 -1.0 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 4.0 5.0 8.8 2.3 3.0 2.3 1.4 1.1 -2.8 2.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 3.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.9 0.0 -1.5 1.4 -1.6
Medication: Atenolol 0.8 1.0 3.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 1.8 0.3 1.0 -0.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.3 1.9 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 0.4 -1.4
Sitting height 0.1 0.7 1.7 0.6 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.3 -0.3 0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.6 3.1 4.8 -2.1 -1.8 -2.0 0.2 -1.1 2.2 -2.0
High blood pressure (mother) 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.4 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9
Body mass index (BMI) 0.3 1.2 5.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.4 0.2 2.3 0.3 -0.8
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.7 7.6 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -1.8 -2.8 -0.4 0.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.8 5.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 2.3 0.2 0.1
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.4 4.0 0.9 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 2.0 -0.3 -0.4
Waist circumference 0.5 1.9 10.8 0.8 -0.0 -1.2 -0.5 3.3 -0.2 -0.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.9 1.5 5.0 -1.3 -1.4 -0.8 0.2 -2.2 1.0 -0.7
Past tobacco smoking 3.0 5.4 9.1 2.5 2.1 1.8 -1.7 3.0 -2.3 2.6
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.3 1.2 0.9 1.1 -0.0 -0.6 1.3
Nervous feelings 0.8 1.5 3.0 1.5 1.0 1.7 0.5 0.6 -1.6 1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.3 -1.0 -0.4 -1.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.7 2.2 4.5 1.3 2.1 2.0 -0.1 1.4 -0.6 1.8
Had menopause 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.8 0.6
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.7 -0.7 1.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.0 2.8 0.8 0.8 1.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.6 1.9 0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -1.0
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.9 3.9 -0.8 0.5 0.0 0.8 2.0 0.7 0.3
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.6
Heart attack 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 1.2 0.8 1.1 0.1
Allergy 0.2 0.4 2.6 0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.5 1.6 0.3 0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.8 0.9 2.3 0.8 1.2 0.5 1.5 1.0 -0.6 0.1
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 0.4 -0.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.0 2.6 4.5 1.7 1.3 2.1 1.5 -0.4 -2.1 1.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.4
Medication: Simvastatin 1.7 2.5 4.3 -1.6 -2.0 -1.8 0.0 -0.8 1.6 -2.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.8 1.1 -0.3 0.1
Illnesses of siblings 1.5 2.1 6.8 -0.7 -1.2 -1.7 -2.6 -0.1 0.7 -1.6
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.7 -0.8 1.2
Weight 0.2 1.2 6.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.8 0.0 2.6 -0.2 -0.1
Impedance of arm (right) 0.6 2.6 11.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 -3.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.8 4.8 0.7 -0.8 -1.6 -1.8 2.2 0.0 -0.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.7 2.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 1.0 1.6 0.3 -0.2
Hip circumference 0.4 1.7 8.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.0 2.9 -0.6 0.3
Time employed in main current job 0.7 0.8 2.3 -0.7 -0.8 -1.3 0.5 -1.5 0.3 -0.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.6 1.4 0.0 0.2
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.8 -0.6 -0.1 0.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.8 2.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 -1.2 1.1 -1.5 1.6
Falls in the last year 1.0 1.3 4.3 1.8 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 -2.1 0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.3 1.9 3.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.8 -1.6 -1.2 0.5 -1.1
Number of live births 0.6 0.8 4.3 0.4 0.4 0.8 2.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.3 0.9 2.7 0.8 0.9 1.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.6 1.6
Pulse rate 0.4 0.7 1.5 -0.1 0.1 -1.2 0.9 1.1 0.1 -1.2
Happiness 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 1.0
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.3 -1.2 0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.7 4.0 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -2.0 0.3 -0.4 0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.0 3.3 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.0 -1.8 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.2 2.1 6.0 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 0.5 -2.4 0.7 -1.5
Asthma 0.8 1.5 6.1 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 1.5 -2.5 0.3 -1.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.6 2.4 6.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.1 0.5 2.5 -1.4
Depression (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 4.5 1.3 1.5 2.0 0.2 0.9 -0.9 2.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 2.0 2.3 4.8 2.2 1.0 1.6 -0.2 1.1 -1.8 1.8
Prospective memory result 1.3 1.6 4.3 1.7 0.9 1.5 0.6 -0.1 -2.1 0.8
Lung cancer (father) 1.3 1.5 8.0 0.2 0.7 0.6 2.8 1.3 0.1 -0.2
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 1.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.2 0.7 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.8 -0.3 1.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.4 0.5 3.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.7 0.3 0.1 -0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 0.4 1.8 10.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 -3.2 -1.2 -0.5 0.6
Arm fat mass (right) 0.3 1.4 6.8 0.9 -0.4 -1.2 -0.8 2.6 -0.2 -0.2
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.7 2.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 1.0 1.5 0.4 -0.3
Standing height 0.1 0.7 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.9 -0.8 1.4
Length of working week for main job 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -1.2 -0.0
Breastfed as a baby 2.9 3.5 6.2 1.8 1.8 2.5 1.1 1.0 -1.9 2.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.2 2.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.5 1.4 -0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.6 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 4.1 10.0 12.5 -2.9 -3.5 -3.3 -3.0 -3.5 2.8 -3.2
Birth weight of first child 2.1 3.8 7.4 -1.5 -2.7 -2.1 -1.8 -2.0 1.7 -1.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.5 1.1 2.1 0.1 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.4 0.5 1.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.3 1.5 7.6 0.4 0.8 1.4 -0.2 2.8 0.0 0.7
Loud music exposure frequency 1.5 1.6 2.3 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -0.8 1.3 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.1 3.4 7.5 2.0 1.5 1.6 -0.0 2.7 -1.5 2.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.7 0.9 2.7 1.1 0.7 0.4 -1.6 0.6 -0.4 1.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.3 1.7 10.5 0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.6 3.2 0.2 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.8 2.9 4.5 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.4 0.7 -1.7 2.1
Headache pain in last month 0.7 1.3 2.9 1.2 1.4 0.4 -0.7 1.7 -0.7 1.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.7 3.2 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.1 -0.6 -1.5 1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.8 1.4 0.0 0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.7 3.2 4.9 -1.9 -1.7 -2.0 -2.2 -1.2 1.4 -2.0
Medication: Amlodipine 1.0 1.3 2.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 0.5 -1.2 0.9 -0.8
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -0.9 0.3 -1.0
Birth weight 0.9 1.9 4.1 -2.0 -1.3 -1.2 0.7 -1.3 1.5 -1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.6 0.3 0.7 -0.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 2.6 3.7 7.8 1.7 2.0 2.6 0.6 1.1 -1.6 2.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.6 2.3 5.1 1.3 1.7 2.1 -0.2 0.7 -1.2 2.3
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.4 2.5 0.9 -0.9 -1.5 -1.6 1.5 -0.3 -0.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 2.7 0.5 -0.9 -1.6 -0.5 1.3 0.1 -1.3
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.7 2.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9 1.4 1.3 0.1 -0.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.6 -1.1
Comparative body size at age 10 0.1 0.4 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.8 1.2 -0.1 -0.3
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 2.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.4 1.3 -0.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.6 2.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 -1.4 0.2 -0.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 1.3 -0.4 0.1
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.3 0.5 0.1 1.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.8 -0.4 1.0 -0.6 0.7
Age at first live birth 1.6 2.8 5.3 2.1 2.0 2.3 -0.2 0.4 -2.1 1.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.5 0.5 3.2 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -1.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.7
Health satisfaction 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.5 1.9 -0.9 1.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.9 1.0 2.6 0.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 0.8 -0.5 1.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.7 2.4 4.9 0.9 2.2 2.2 -0.5 1.0 -0.7 2.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.7 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.8
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.5 1.6 3.0 1.5 1.3 1.7 0.6 0.3 -1.7 1.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.9 1.6 2.6 -1.5 -1.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.0 1.6 -1.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.2 1.7 3.8 1.9 1.5 1.1 -0.5 0.5 -1.4 1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.2 2.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.5 -0.7 0.5 0.9 -0.9
Angina (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 2.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.1 0.7 -0.9 1.5 -1.5
Migraine (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.6
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -1.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.0
Medication: Omeprazole 1.2 1.4 3.9 2.0 -0.2 0.2 -1.4 1.3 -1.6 0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.0 0.5 0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.6 3.0 4.0 1.7 1.3 2.0 1.7 1.9 -1.4 2.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.9 -0.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 1.0
Whole body fat mass 0.3 1.3 4.0 1.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1 2.0 -0.4 -0.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 2.6 0.4 -1.0 -1.6 -0.4 1.6 0.2 -1.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 2.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 1.5 1.3 0.1 -0.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.3 1.1 3.8 -0.3 -0.3 -1.3 1.1 0.3 0.6 -1.9
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.6 3.3 0.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 1.8 -0.4 0.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.1
Number of full sisters 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.8 1.3 3.1 1.8 0.5 1.2 -0.3 0.7 -1.6 1.0
Overall health rating 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.2
Chest pain or discomfort 0.6 0.8 3.2 0.2 1.8 1.2 0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.5
Had major operations 0.8 0.9 2.2 -0.9 -1.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.7 0.8 -0.9
Age at last live birth 2.5 3.7 6.8 2.3 1.9 2.6 -0.2 0.3 -2.6 1.7
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.1 0.8 1.1 0.9 -0.5 0.9 -0.9 1.4
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.7 1.7 1.1 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.5 1.7 3.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.8 1.7 -1.0 1.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 2.1 0.9 0.7 0.8 -1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 4.9 0.5 0.3 0.7 2.2 1.1 -0.1 0.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.9 1.1 4.0 0.7 0.6 1.2 2.0 0.7 -0.4 0.7
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.7 2.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.2 -1.6 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.9 1.0 3.2 1.1 0.2 0.3 -1.4 1.8 -0.7 0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.6 -0.2 0.5 -0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.7 0.9 2.1 0.7 1.4 0.9 1.4 0.6 -0.6 0.6
Smoking status: Previous 4.2 6.3 9.6 -2.8 -2.5 -2.3 0.4 -3.1 2.6 -2.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.6 1.2 1.9 0.9 1.2 0.9 -1.1 1.3 -1.0 1.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.7 3.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.8 1.7 0.2 -0.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 6.1 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.4 2.5 -0.2 0.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.7 5.2 0.8 -0.7 -1.6 -1.5 2.3 -0.1 -0.7
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.2 1.0 1.1 0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.6 3.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -1.9 0.3 0.1 -0.4
Mood swings 1.2 2.1 3.4 1.2 1.7 1.7 0.7 1.4 -1.3 1.9
Loneliness, isolation 3.2 4.5 7.7 2.8 2.1 1.8 1.2 2.3 -2.1 2.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.2 1.1 -0.0 -0.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.4
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 1.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 1.0 1.2 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.1 1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 4.3 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -2.1 0.5 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.6 2.0 -1.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 1.4 0.2
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.9 -0.6 0.9 -0.4 1.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.9 1.1 6.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.4 0.9 -2.6 -0.3 -0.4
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 2.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 -1.7 0.1 -0.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.9 0.1 0.3 -1.1 0.6 0.8 0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.9 0.2 -0.9 -1.4 0.3 0.7 -0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 1.0 2.1 8.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5 1.3 -2.9 0.4 -1.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 6.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 2.5 -0.9 -0.4 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.6 3.5 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.9 0.6 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Gliclazide 0.6 0.6 2.4 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.5 -1.6 0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.1 1.4 2.5 1.6 0.3 1.2 -1.2 0.4 -1.5 1.4
Smoking status: Current 0.8 1.3 4.1 0.9 0.2 0.9 2.0 -0.5 -1.6 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.5 -0.4 0.2
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.7 3.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.8 1.8 0.2 -0.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 5.7 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.3 2.4 -0.3 0.5
Arm fat mass (left) 0.3 1.4 5.1 0.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.9 2.3 0.0 -0.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 0.4
Miserableness 1.7 2.9 5.4 1.3 1.9 1.8 -0.3 2.3 -1.0 2.3
Guilty feelings 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.1 0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.3 1.5 2.6 -1.1 -1.6 -1.4 1.1 -0.6 1.4 -1.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.7
Hearing aid user 0.9 1.0 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.8 -0.9 0.9 -0.9
Mother’s age at death 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.1 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.7 0.9 3.0 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.0 1.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.3 1.6 4.8 -2.1 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 -0.3 2.2 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.4 0.4 2.1 -0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -1.5 -0.5 0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 1.0 4.7 0.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 -2.2 -0.6 -0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.8 1.0 2.2 -0.3 -1.5 -1.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 -0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.0 1.3 3.5 1.4 0.9 0.7 1.9 0.8 -1.2 0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.2 2.2 4.4 -1.0 -2.0 -1.7 -0.4 -1.7 0.5 -2.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.2 0.3 2.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 1.5 0.1 0.2 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 1.5 2.3 3.0 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.4 0.7 -1.6 1.7
Medication: Lisinopril 1.1 1.4 2.8 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 0.0 -1.7 0.6 -1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 2.0 2.4 4.1 -1.4 -2.0 -2.0 -0.0 -1.6 1.2 -1.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.0 0.5 -0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.9 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 -0.7 0.7 -1.4 0.9
Ever smoked 1.1 1.9 6.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 2.6 -2.1 0.4 -0.9
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.7 3.6 -0.0 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 1.9 0.1 -0.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.8 2.2 1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.6 2.7 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 1.2 1.7 -0.1 -0.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.8 1.2 2.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 1.2 -1.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 2.5 3.7 6.1 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -2.5 1.4 -2.4
Irritability 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.5
Risk taking 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.7 0.2 -0.6 0.4 0.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.0 -1.1 0.4 -0.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.1 0.0 0.2 -1.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.4 1.4 0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.6 1.2 0.1 -0.9
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.2 1.5 3.4 -1.4 -0.5 -0.8 1.8 0.9 1.8 -0.6
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.6 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 2.2 2.7 5.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 -2.3 -2.0 1.0 -1.2
Myopia 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.7 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.8 0.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.0 1.5 4.5 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 0.5 -2.1 -0.1 -1.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.0 1.2 3.0 1.7 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 0.7 -1.7 0.3
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.7
Supplements: Calcium 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.3 0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.3 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.5 -1.5 0.3
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 0.9 0.5 1.0 0.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 7.0 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.6 2.6 0.3 0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 2.5 3.1 5.8 -2.4 -1.4 -1.1 1.6 -2.3 1.8 -1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.4 1.6 2.7 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.4 -1.3 1.2 -1.6
Pack years of smoking 1.3 1.9 5.0 1.6 1.3 1.2 0.2 2.2 -1.4 0.9
Impedance of whole body 0.4 1.8 7.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 -2.7 -2.2 -0.4 0.4
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.6 0.9 -0.5 -1.2 -0.4 1.9 -0.2 -0.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.9 1.2 0.0 -0.3