Hub : Genes

AK3

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2660 0.0510 9.4e-08 0.057 0.093 0.098 0.093 0.094 1.6e-07 2.2e-11 6.0e-12 2.3e-11 1.6e-11
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.1640 0.0520 8.0e-04 0.007 NA 0.043 NA 0.029 7.8e-02 NA 1.9e-04 NA 1.8e-03
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1500 0.0580 9.5e-03 0.068 NA 0.021 NA 0.042 8.0e-06 NA 9.9e-03 NA 3.9e-04
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.4948 0.0506 2.0e-14 0.264 NA 0.314 NA 0.151 7.7e-26 NA 2.5e-31 NA 1.1e-14
5 YFS Blood 0.4453 0.0368 0.0e+00 0.120 0.237 0.263 0.257 0.235 3.1e-37 1.7e-76 6.8e-86 1.6e-83 1.4e-75
6 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0505 0.0231 3.4e-03 0.004 0.013 0.009 NA 0.002 4.2e-02 1.0e-03 4.8e-03 NA 9.9e-02
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0572 0.0262 6.8e-03 0.004 0.007 0.019 NA 0.006 9.9e-02 4.8e-02 2.7e-03 NA 6.5e-02
8 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0520 0.0228 6.3e-03 0.006 0.020 0.010 NA 0.004 5.5e-02 2.2e-03 2.2e-02 NA 9.4e-02
9 TCGA Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma 0.1640 0.0570 4.7e-04 -0.002 0.035 0.016 NA -0.002 5.0e-01 2.0e-03 2.8e-02 NA 4.4e-01
10 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1240 0.0378 1.2e-05 0.055 0.056 0.058 NA 0.065 1.8e-06 1.6e-06 1.1e-06 NA 2.3e-07

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.2 1.9 6.2 -0.1 -0.0 2.5 2.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 0.1 0.4 -0.6
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.6 1.5 4.5 -1.1 -1.5 1.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.7 -2.1 -0.2 -0.9 -1.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5 1.2 0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.1 -1.4 0.3 -1.0 0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -1.1 0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 2.0 6.1 -1.0 1.6 0.9 1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -2.0 -1.4 -0.6 -2.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.6 2.3 0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 1.0 1.5 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.7 1.4 3.7 -1.1 -1.9 -0.2 -0.6 1.2 0.2 -1.6 -0.3 -1.5 -1.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.8 1.0 2.4 -0.1 0.9 -1.5 -1.6 1.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.0 -1.0 -1.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 3.8 -0.1 -1.6 -0.4 -1.3 0.9 1.9 -0.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.5 0.5 1.7 -0.6 -1.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.6 -1.4 1.3 0.7 -1.2 0.7 -1.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.8 4.9 -0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.6 1.2 0.2 -0.2 -2.2 0.7 0.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.6 1.5 5.3 0.3 -1.5 -0.1 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.9 -2.3 1.4 1.8
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.0 1.9 8.4 0.4 -2.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 1.3 -1.7 1.0 2.1
Major Depression (MDD) 2.1 2.6 20.0 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -4.5 -1.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9
Reaction Time 0.5 1.0 2.7 0.3 -1.5 1.6 0.9 0.5 -1.1 -1.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.7 1.7 5.6 -1.5 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 -1.8 -0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -2.4
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 -1.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.0 3.6 1.5 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 0.0 1.3 0.0 1.9 0.1 1.3
Prostate Cancer 0.7 1.0 6.9 2.6 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.5 1.1 1.0
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 5.4 -1.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -2.3 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.6 2.2 0.0 -1.3 1.2 1.5 -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.8 1.1 3.2 -0.8 -0.7 1.2 1.3 -1.1 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.2 0.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.6 3.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -1.8 -0.3 0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.7 0.8 2.6 0.6 -0.4 1.3 1.2 1.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.7 0.9 3.4 -0.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.9 -1.9 -1.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.4
HbA1C 0.6 0.6 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.7 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.2
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.8 -0.3
LDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.1 0.4 0.1 1.1 1.4 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -1.6 0.1
Lupus 0.8 1.2 4.9 0.1 0.9 1.2 1.7 -2.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.2 0.5 -1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.4 0.6 3.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 0.6 1.8 0.4 0.0 -0.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.4 0.5 2.2 1.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.5 1.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.9 1.2 6.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.4 -2.4 -1.1 1.4 0.4 0.9 1.0
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.0 2.2 6.1 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 0.1 -2.5 0.4 -2.4 -2.2
Triglycerides 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.1 1.2 0.1 0.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.8 3.3 7.9 -1.8 -0.9 -2.8 -2.2 0.7 -0.6 -1.9 -1.5 -2.5 -1.7
Ulcerative Colitis 0.9 1.3 3.7 0.7 -1.5 1.0 1.1 -1.0 -0.2 1.4 -0.3 1.1 1.9
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.1 4.9 -1.0 -1.7 -2.0 -0.5 -0.5 1.9 -1.7 0.7 -1.1 -2.2
Blood Platelet Count 10.6 123.0 552.2 -12.3 -3.5 -2.1 0.9 1.1 16.0 -15.4 3.9 0.5 -23.5
Blood Red Count 1.8 17.3 57.6 -0.5 -1.9 5.3 4.5 -1.1 7.6 -1.9 7.6 1.4 -0.7
Blood White Count 0.2 1.5 8.6 -1.2 0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.0 2.9 -1.6 0.3 0.2 -1.4
Heel T-Score 0.6 4.8 14.4 2.4 -2.0 3.4 2.1 -0.1 1.6 1.0 3.8 1.6 1.3
BMI 0.2 1.0 2.0 0.5 -0.0 1.4 1.2 -0.9 0.7 1.1 1.3 0.3 1.4
Height 1.2 23.0 74.1 -5.5 -3.0 -5.3 -4.0 -0.7 -3.5 -4.8 -2.1 -8.6 -5.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.4 6.9 -0.2 -0.9 2.0 1.6 1.8 2.6 -0.5 1.7 0.9 1.7
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 1.0 2.2 1.2 -0.8 1.2 0.7 1.2 -0.0 1.0 -0.0 1.0 1.5
Smoking Status 0.3 0.8 2.7 -1.2 -1.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -1.3 -0.0 0.7
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.1 3.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 -0.3 1.3 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.8
Cardiovascular Disease 0.3 0.9 4.1 -0.5 -2.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.0 -0.2 -1.4 -0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.7 1.6 9.0 -0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 -2.0 0.3 -1.2 -3.0
Respiratory disease 0.7 1.6 5.9 -1.6 0.8 -0.1 -0.0 1.9 1.4 -2.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.7 1.3 6.8 0.2 0.3 1.6 2.6 -0.9 0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 0.8 3.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.8 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.8 1.0
Lung FVC 0.5 2.6 7.9 0.2 0.9 2.6 2.6 -2.8 -1.1 0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.9
Neuroticism 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.1 -1.4 0.1 -0.4 0.9 1.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.6
Chronotype (morning person) 0.5 1.0 3.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.5 -1.8 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.7 -1.4
Hair Pigment 0.1 3.5 6.6 -2.6 -1.8 -0.8 -1.1 -2.5 -2.1 -1.3 -1.8 -2.1 -1.7
Tanning 0.1 0.8 4.2 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.5 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 0.6 2.0 1.2
Hand grip strength (left) 0.9 2.5 8.6 -0.7 -1.7 -2.9 -2.4 -1.6 -0.9 1.1 -1.6 -0.4 0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 -0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 2.4 -0.8 0.7 0.6 0.1 1.3 -1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -1.4 -1.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.8 3.5 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.5 1.9 1.3 0.5 0.9 0.7 -0.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 -1.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 4.3 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 1.3 2.1 -1.2 0.4 0.0 -0.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.9 1.9 7.5 1.8 -0.7 0.6 0.6 -0.3 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.6 2.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.8 1.0 2.5 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.1 -1.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 2.0 2.6 8.9 -2.2 0.4 -1.3 -1.3 0.5 -1.6 -0.6 -3.0 -1.5 -1.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.9 -0.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.4 1.4 0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.1 1.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.6 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -1.2 0.8 0.0
Angina 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.7 -1.2 0.2
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.4 1.6 5.8 -2.4 0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.1 1.5 3.8 -0.5 -1.3 1.8 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 1.8 1.9
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 0.7 0.8 3.8 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -1.9 -0.8
Medication: Metformin 0.8 1.1 2.7 -1.4 1.0 1.5 1.6 -0.1 0.1 -1.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5
Diabetes (father) 0.8 1.0 2.5 -1.6 0.9 0.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -1.4 -1.6
Diabetes (mother) 1.9 2.4 9.5 0.6 1.4 2.5 3.1 1.7 0.6 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.5
Severe depression (siblings) 1.1 1.2 3.4 0.6 1.8 1.5 1.9 -1.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 3.1 -1.0 1.1 1.2 1.6 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.0 4.2 0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.3 2.0 1.3 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.5 5.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -2.4 -0.3 -0.0 1.5 -1.9 -0.9
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.1 5.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.1 1.2 1.3 2.3 -0.5 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 1.3 3.6 10.7 -0.8 -1.5 -3.3 -2.8 -2.0 -1.8 0.3 -2.0 -1.3 -1.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.8 2.4 -0.9 1.2 -0.7 -0.4 1.1 0.2 -1.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9
Current tobacco smoking 0.8 1.2 3.2 -1.0 -0.8 1.8 1.0 -1.8 0.3 -1.0 0.1 1.5 0.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.7 0.9 2.9 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.4 0.1 1.4 0.4 -0.3 0.7
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 -0.7
Fed-up feelings 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.7 0.9 -0.2 0.2 0.7 0.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.0
Relative age voice broke 1.1 1.6 4.2 2.0 -0.9 1.1 0.6 -0.7 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.8
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.4 2.6 -0.4 -0.0 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.1 -1.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.8 1.7 0.8 -1.0 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.8 1.3 -0.1 1.3 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.7 0.8 1.9 1.0 0.2 1.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.7 1.4 0.8 -0.4 0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.8 1.9 7.8 0.1 -2.8 1.6 1.7 -0.3 0.6 0.4 2.0 0.4 1.2
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 -1.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.3 5.3 0.5 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 1.0 2.3 0.4 1.5 1.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 1.0 0.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.0
High blood pressure 0.4 1.1 5.2 -0.5 -2.3 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -1.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.3 3.1 0.5 -0.1 1.5 1.3 -0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.8
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.6 0.8 2.3 1.0 1.5 -0.1 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 2.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.9 -0.2 1.0 0.3 -1.7 0.0 -0.7 -1.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.6 1.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.8 -0.2
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.9 0.5 -0.8 -1.7 -1.7 0.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 0.9
Medication: Atenolol 1.3 1.6 5.0 -0.2 -1.7 -2.2 -2.2 0.6 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -1.5 -0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.1 4.4 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.4 -1.9 -0.6 -0.3 -2.1
Sitting height 0.9 6.5 17.7 -2.4 -1.4 -3.6 -2.8 -0.8 -2.0 -2.9 -0.4 -4.2 -2.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.7 0.9 1.8 -0.7 0.9 1.3 1.1 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 -1.3 0.6 -0.5
High blood pressure (mother) 1.2 1.7 3.7 -0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.1 1.9 0.9 -1.6 1.3 -1.9 -1.6
Body mass index (BMI) 0.2 0.9 3.2 -0.2 0.1 0.7 0.8 -1.1 0.9 1.6 1.8 0.2 0.5
Impedance of leg (left) 0.1 0.4 2.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 1.7 0.4 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.5 5.7 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -2.4 -0.3 -0.0 1.5 -2.0 -1.0
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.2 5.5 -1.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.9 1.1 2.4 -1.1 -0.0
Waist circumference 0.2 0.9 3.9 -0.8 -0.1 0.9 0.9 -0.5 1.1 0.8 2.0 -0.7 0.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.7 3.0 -0.5 -0.1 -1.3 -1.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.5
Past tobacco smoking 0.7 1.4 5.2 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.7 -0.1 0.6 0.0 2.3 0.8 -0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.5 0.8 4.2 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 0.4 -2.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.1
Nervous feelings 0.5 0.9 2.5 0.6 -1.1 1.6 0.2 -1.1 0.8 1.2 1.3 0.1 -0.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2 -1.0 0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.2 1.9 5.0 -2.2 1.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 -0.1 -1.5 -1.5 -0.4 -2.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 3.7 4.7 10.8 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.6 0.1 1.4 3.3 2.5
Had menopause 1.1 1.4 2.3 -1.1 1.5 -1.1 -0.7 1.4 0.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4
Had other major operations 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.8 3.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.9 0.6 -1.8 -1.2 0.3 -0.4 -1.4 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.7 8.2 -1.3 -2.9 1.7 1.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.0 0.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 3.8 4.7 15.4 -3.3 2.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 -1.7 -3.9 -3.3 -0.7 -1.2
Qualifications: None of the above 1.1 2.3 7.8 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.9 2.8 1.2 1.7 2.1 1.6
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.2 1.6 6.9 -1.6 -0.0 1.5 0.7 0.6 -0.4 -2.6 -1.6 -0.4 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Heart attack 2.2 2.8 8.5 -0.0 -1.8 -2.9 -2.2 1.2 2.0 -0.2 1.2 -2.0 0.2
Allergy 0.4 0.9 2.9 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 0.0 -1.3 0.3 -0.3 -1.7 -1.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.7 0.8 2.1 1.1 -0.8 0.7 0.0 -1.4 -0.7 0.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.0
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.5 0.8 3.8 -0.0 1.3 0.5 1.9 -0.3 1.3 -0.1 0.8 0.0 0.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 2.2 0.6 -0.9 1.4 1.2 -1.1 0.4 1.0 0.7 1.5 1.4
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.4 -1.0 0.8 0.6 0.9 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 1.2
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.9
Fluid intelligence score 1.0 2.1 5.5 -2.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.7 -0.9 -1.5 -1.5 -2.4
Illnesses of siblings 1.0 1.3 3.8 0.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 -1.0 1.4 0.6 1.5 2.0 0.9
Neuroticism score 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.7
Weight 0.2 1.2 3.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.8 0.0 0.5 1.9 -1.7 -0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 1.0 7.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 2.6 0.7 -1.1 0.6 0.0 0.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.0 4.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.1 1.3 1.5 2.1 0.1 0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.4 2.5 10.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -3.2 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -2.9 -1.3
Hip circumference 0.2 1.0 3.9 -1.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 -2.0 -1.2
Time employed in main current job 0.9 1.0 7.1 -0.4 -2.7 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.1 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 1.3
Father’s age at death 0.7 0.9 2.9 -0.3 1.5 -0.4 0.3 -1.6 -1.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.7 0.6 1.2 -0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.5
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.3 -0.5 -0.7
Falls in the last year 0.8 1.0 3.9 0.0 -0.0 1.2 0.3 1.3 -0.9 -2.0 0.4 -1.5 -0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.0 1.5 3.7 -1.7 -0.4 0.4 0.0 -1.4 -1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.9 -1.7
Number of live births 0.8 1.1 4.3 0.0 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 2.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -1.9 -1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.6 4.1 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -2.0 -0.7 0.5 0.3 -0.8 -0.2
Pulse rate 0.5 0.9 2.2 0.1 -0.5 1.2 0.9 -1.5 -1.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.8 0.9
Happiness 0.4 0.4 1.5 -0.3 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 0.0
Noisy workplace 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.1 0.7 -1.6 -1.4 0.6 0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.7 1.8 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 0.0 -1.4 -1.0 -0.2 -0.7 -1.3 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.1 5.3 -0.1 -2.3 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 0.5 -1.1 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.4 0.7 4.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.2 2.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.0 -1.4 -0.7
Asthma 0.5 1.0 3.6 -1.8 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.4 1.5 -1.9 -0.0 0.6 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.2 4.7 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 -2.2 -0.6 1.5 0.1 1.0 0.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.8 4.7 0.1 -1.5 -0.4 -0.2 -2.2 -1.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.4 -0.5 -0.2 -1.5 -1.4 0.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.8 0.9 6.2 -0.2 0.6 0.5 0.9 2.5 0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.3
Prospective memory result 0.8 1.0 2.0 0.9 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.6 0.9 1.4 0.6
Lung cancer (father) 0.7 0.8 3.1 -0.4 1.4 0.1 0.3 -0.0 1.8 0.4 -0.0 1.6 0.4
Illnesses of mother 0.5 0.6 3.3 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.1 -1.8 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.5 1.5 7.0 -1.2 -1.8 -0.1 -0.5 -2.6 -0.8 -0.0 0.4 -1.6 -0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 1.4 0.6 1.0 0.6 1.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.3 1.2 7.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 2.7 1.4 -1.0 0.8 0.8 0.2
Arm fat mass (right) 0.2 0.8 3.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -1.2 0.8 1.1 1.8 -0.6 0.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.4 2.5 9.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -3.1 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -3.0 -1.2
Standing height 0.6 5.5 21.4 -2.0 -1.6 -2.1 -1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -2.6 0.3 -4.6 -2.5
Length of working week for main job 1.2 1.3 4.4 1.5 0.9 1.6 2.1 -0.6 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.1 1.3 3.2 -0.3 1.0 1.6 1.8 -1.2 -0.1 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -1.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.9 1.1 4.2 0.2 0.0 -1.6 -1.5 2.0 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.2 -0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.9 2.3 3.6 -1.9 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -1.6 -1.7 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 4.4 -0.6 1.1 -2.1 -1.8 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.5
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.1 0.3 2.1 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.0 -1.5 -0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.9 1.1 3.0 -0.4 0.8 -1.3 -1.1 1.3 1.7 0.6 1.2 -0.8 0.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.1 1.3 3.3 -1.4 1.8 0.9 0.4 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5
Loud music exposure frequency 0.7 0.7 3.3 -0.6 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.0 -1.2 -0.7 -1.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 1.0 4.8 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 -2.2 -0.1 -1.5 -1.7 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.6 2.1 5.3 0.6 0.1 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.8 1.8 1.4 2.0 2.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.5 -0.2 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.0 -0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 1.1 1.9 7.0 -0.5 -0.0 2.6 2.3 -0.6 -2.3 -0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.8 1.4 5.8 -0.0 -1.2 2.4 1.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.8 1.3
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.7 4.4 0.3 2.1 0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.4 2.8 12.1 -3.5 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -1.0 -2.9 -1.4 -1.7 -1.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.3 -1.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -1.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.8 1.6 9.8 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 -1.6 0.3 -0.9 -3.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.6 0.9 2.4 0.8 -1.6 -1.0 -0.4 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.3 -0.7 -0.8
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.7 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.0 1.0
Birth weight 0.1 0.3 1.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.6 -0.2 1.3 0.2 -0.4 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.9 0.1 0.6 0.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.8 1.1 3.1 0.4 -1.0 1.5 1.8 1.0 -1.4 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.6 2.1 6.0 -2.2 -1.8 -0.3 -0.4 -2.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.9 -0.8
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.3 6.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 1.6 1.7 2.5 0.0 0.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.8 3.0 12.0 0.9 -0.9 0.4 0.4 0.3 2.6 2.4 3.5 0.8 1.5
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 9.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -3.1 -0.8 0.1 0.6 -1.7 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.3 1.7 5.5 0.8 0.2 2.3 2.2 -0.5 0.3 1.0 2.1 0.5 0.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.9 5.6 -0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.0 -2.4 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5
Number of full brothers 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.0 1.5 0.5 0.5 -1.1 0.6 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.8 1.4 4.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6 -1.5 -0.0 -1.7 -2.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.3 1.1
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.9 4.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.6 0.6 1.6 0.7 -2.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.6
Number of children fathered 1.2 1.4 5.8 0.3 -0.9 -2.3 -2.4 1.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -0.6 -0.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.6 1.9 3.6 -1.8 -0.9 -1.9 -1.9 -0.7 -1.7 -0.2 -1.7 -0.7 -0.8
Age at first live birth 0.7 1.2 4.8 1.7 -0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.7 0.7 1.5 0.6 0.6 2.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4
Health satisfaction 1.6 2.0 5.3 0.9 2.0 2.3 2.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 1.8 -1.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.2 1.4 5.7 -0.0 0.7 2.4 1.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.5 1.5 -0.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.8 1.7 1.3 -1.2 0.8 1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7 0.2 -1.2 -0.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.0 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.4 1.2 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.8 0.9 2.4 0.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 -1.5 -0.3 -0.0 0.6 0.7 0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.6 3.5 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.3 -1.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 2.8 0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1.3 0.7 1.7 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.9 2.4 -0.8 -0.8 1.3 1.2 -1.6 0.9 -0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.8 5.1 0.2 -2.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.3 -1.1 -0.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 4.2 0.9 -0.9 -2.1 -1.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.7 -1.3 0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.2 1.1 1.0 -0.3 0.1 -1.1 0.5 0.9 1.5 0.8 1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.1 1.3 3.5 1.8 1.1 0.3 0.3 -1.9 -0.1 1.4 0.5 0.9 1.1
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.4 -1.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole 1.1 1.3 2.6 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0 1.5 -1.5 -0.6 -0.9 -1.6 -0.5
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 2.0 2.3 10.1 1.3 1.0 1.7 1.8 0.5 1.1 0.2 0.3 3.2 1.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.5 4.1 -0.6 -1.1 1.6 1.2 1.3 -1.2 -2.0 -0.7 -1.3 -0.3
Heart disease (mother) 1.9 2.3 6.5 -1.6 -2.6 -2.0 -2.0 -0.3 -1.2 0.4 -1.9 -0.7 -0.7
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.5 1.8 7.3 0.8 1.7 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.8 1.6 0.5 2.7 1.8
Whole body fat mass 0.2 1.0 5.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 0.9 1.2 2.3 -0.8 0.1
Leg fat mass (right) 0.4 1.7 8.9 -0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.4 -0.9 1.7 1.7 3.0 -0.1 1.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.6 10.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -3.2 -0.7 0.4 0.8 -1.8 -0.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.1 1.3 0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.2 0.6
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.5 1.1 4.8 0.2 1.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 1.7 0.2 2.2 -0.8 0.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.7 4.0 12.6 -1.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -3.5 -3.3 -1.0 0.0 -3.0 -1.7
Number of full sisters 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.8 1.2 3.6 0.4 -1.2 0.4 -0.9 0.0 1.9 1.6 1.8 0.2 0.5
Overall health rating 1.3 2.8 7.2 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.5 0.3 1.1 2.6 1.4 0.7 2.7
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.6 3.0 -0.4 -1.7 -0.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.3 -0.0
Had major operations 1.4 1.7 10.1 -0.6 1.0 -0.4 -0.0 3.2 2.0 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.3
Age at last live birth 1.3 1.9 7.0 2.6 -0.7 1.8 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.4 1.0 1.8
Family relationship satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.2
Leg pain on walking 1.1 1.4 3.8 0.3 2.0 1.9 1.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.3 0.0 0.4 -1.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.9 1.1 3.2 -1.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.4 1.6 5.8 0.2 -0.7 -2.4 -2.2 1.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.9 0.3 1.3
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 3.4 1.0 1.5 0.9 1.4 -0.7 0.5 1.5 0.6 1.9 1.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.0 0.7 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.9 0.7 1.4 -0.3 1.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.0 2.3 7.9 -0.4 -1.3 -2.2 -1.4 0.3 -1.1 -1.2 -0.0 -2.8 -2.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 2.0 3.1 7.8 -0.4 1.5 2.4 2.8 -1.2 -2.1 -2.3 -1.5 0.5 -1.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 1.0 4.8 -0.2 -2.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.3 -0.4 -0.0 -1.4 -1.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.7 2.0 6.8 -0.4 -0.0 -2.0 -1.9 2.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.3 -2.6 -1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 3.2 4.5 8.0 -2.0 -1.0 -1.8 -2.5 -2.5 -2.4 -2.2 -2.8 -1.4 -1.9
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9
Smoking status: Previous 1.8 2.7 6.5 -1.3 -1.6 -2.4 -2.2 0.8 -1.0 -0.5 -2.5 -1.8 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.4 3.0 8.4 -2.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -2.9 -1.6 -1.8 -0.6 -1.7 -1.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.4 2.1 9.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -3.0 -1.0 -0.3 0.7 -2.6 -1.2
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.8 7.4 -1.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -2.7 -0.8 -0.4 1.0 -2.1 -1.3
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.2 4.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 1.7 1.6 2.1 0.6 1.1
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.1 2.8 -1.0 1.0 0.6 1.7 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.1 1.4 7.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 2.7 -0.9 -0.1 1.9
Mood swings 0.6 1.0 3.1 1.1 -0.8 1.8 1.2 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.4 1.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.8 1.1 4.2 -0.9 1.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -2.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.7 1.0 -1.2 0.4 -0.6 0.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.3 2.7 10.8 -1.4 0.7 -3.3 -2.0 1.6 -0.0 -0.5 -1.7 -1.9 -0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.8 4.0 -0.0 1.6 0.9 2.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.7 0.7 5.4 0.4 -0.2 0.9 0.4 2.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.3
Friendships satisfaction 1.1 1.4 3.7 -0.8 1.9 1.7 1.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 -1.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.8 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.1 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 1.0 -0.4 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.4 2.6 1.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.5 0.8 2.6 -0.7 1.6 -0.9 -0.5 0.1 1.1 -1.2 -0.2 0.9 -0.3
Medication for cholesterol 2.5 3.8 8.5 2.9 1.9 0.8 1.4 -0.2 2.2 1.6 2.1 2.7 2.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 1.0 3.5 1.0 -0.2 1.9 1.6 -0.2 -0.4 1.1 0.2 1.1 0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 2.2 1.1 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.1 -0.0 0.7 0.9 0.3 0.9
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.7 1.0 3.5 0.1 -1.5 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.2 1.9 1.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.7 2.0 6.6 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.4 0.5 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.8 2.6
Asthma (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 3.5 -1.9 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.7 1.6 -1.6 -0.2 0.4 -0.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.1 0.6 -1.2 -0.8 0.6 0.6 -0.1 -1.4 1.0 0.6
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.4 1.8 7.5 -0.2 1.0 2.6 2.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 0.6
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.6 1.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 -0.1 1.2
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.3 1.7 -0.6 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.7 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.7 4.5 11.5 2.2 1.1 -0.6 0.2 3.4 3.0 2.4 2.9 0.4 2.1
Smoking status: Current 0.7 1.1 3.1 -0.9 -0.3 1.7 0.9 -1.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.0 1.5 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.4 2.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.0 -1.7 0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.3 0.2
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.2 9.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -3.1 -1.2 -0.3 0.6 -2.6 -1.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.4 1.9 7.3 -1.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -2.7 -0.9 -0.5 0.9 -2.2 -1.4
Arm fat mass (left) 0.2 0.9 4.0 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 0.4 -1.1 1.0 1.4 2.0 -0.4 0.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.8 2.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.9 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.9
Miserableness 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 -1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.8
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.7 2.4 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.6 -1.6 -0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 3.4 3.9 8.1 -2.4 0.8 -1.5 -0.4 1.9 -1.6 -2.5 -2.8 -2.2 -2.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.6 5.4 -1.5 0.8 -1.1 -0.3 -2.3 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -1.7 -1.4
Hearing aid user 1.6 1.8 6.6 0.5 1.3 -0.1 0.4 1.5 2.6 0.9 1.6 1.6 1.2
Mother’s age at death 0.4 0.5 2.9 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 0.3 1.7
Financial situation satisfaction 1.5 1.9 5.0 -0.0 2.1 2.2 2.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 1.0 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.0 1.2 6.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.0 0.2 -2.5 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.6 0.8 2.6 1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.8 -1.6 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 3.7 4.3 13.2 -3.6 -1.5 -1.2 -0.8 0.1 -1.3 -3.2 -1.9 -2.4 -2.1
Medication: Blood pressure 1.1 2.0 5.1 -1.5 -2.3 -0.7 -1.5 1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.5 -1.9 -0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.2 1.5 3.0 1.7 1.0 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.6 0.6 0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.6 1.2 -1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.1 -1.5 -0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.7 2.9 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.2 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.4
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.5 2.3 9.7 -1.1 -3.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 -2.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.9 -1.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.4 6.7 0.4 0.0 2.6 2.1 0.1 -1.4 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 0.8 1.1 3.3 -0.1 -0.6 1.8 1.5 -1.6 -1.2 0.1 0.8 -0.0 -0.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.8 1.8 -0.4 -1.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.5 1.3 -0.5 0.5 1.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.6 1.9 5.1 -0.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.5 -1.4 -2.1 -1.4 -2.3 -0.1 -1.5
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.8 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.7 0.4
Ever smoked 0.5 0.9 2.5 -0.2 -1.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.7 -1.6 0.0 1.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.9 8.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -2.8 -0.8 -0.1 1.0 -2.5 -1.2
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 8.4 0.7 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 2.0 2.1 2.9 0.3 1.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.4 1.8 7.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -2.7 -1.3 -0.2 0.3 -2.4 -1.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 3.7 0.3 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.0 1.4 4.2 0.8 -0.6 0.4 -1.2 -0.1 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.1 0.5
Irritability 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.5 -0.2 1.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.0 0.6 -0.4 1.1 0.5
Risk taking 0.5 0.8 1.8 1.3 -0.4 0.3 0.6 -1.2 -0.7 1.2 0.7 0.1 1.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 0.9 3.9 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 -0.7 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -2.0 -1.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.1 2.7 -0.4 -1.2 1.6 0.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 -1.2 1.2 1.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.0
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.3
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.5 1.9 4.0 -1.1 0.7 1.6 1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.8 -2.0 1.4 0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.9 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 2.8 3.4 13.8 0.6 0.8 3.7 2.6 -2.7 -0.8 0.4 1.0 1.8 0.3
Myopia 1.5 2.1 7.2 -1.9 1.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 -2.7 -2.2 -0.2 -1.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.5 1.4 5.6 0.8 2.4 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.2 1.5 3.0 -1.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 1.4 -1.7 -0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.4
Pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.2 4.4 -0.2 0.3 -1.8 -2.1 1.6 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 3.1 0.4 1.6 -0.3 0.1 1.8 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 4.2 -0.1 2.1 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.3
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.0 2.6 8.7 -0.1 -1.5 -3.0 -2.3 0.9 2.0 -0.0 1.1 -2.0 0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.7 0.6 -0.0 0.9 1.4 1.6 1.2 -0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 2.4 2.9 6.0 -2.1 -0.3 -1.4 -1.0 0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -2.1 -2.4 -2.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.0 -0.3 0.9 1.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.1
Pack years of smoking 0.9 1.3 3.2 -1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.8
Impedance of whole body 0.2 0.8 6.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 2.4 0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.4 0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.2 6.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 0.5 -1.2 1.2 1.5 2.5 -0.3 0.6
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.7 8.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -2.9 -1.3 0.2 0.7 -2.4 -0.8