Hub : Genes

AKR1B1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.2424 0.0991 4.7e-03 0.075 NA 0.141 NA 0.050 1.2e-03 NA 9.3e-06 NA 6.8e-03
2 GTEx Heart Atrial Appendage 0.2220 0.0740 8.7e-04 0.211 NA 0.140 NA 0.189 7.6e-10 NA 7.7e-07 NA 6.9e-09
3 GTEx Heart Left Ventricle 0.2462 0.0850 2.3e-03 0.079 NA 0.037 NA 0.053 5.6e-05 NA 4.6e-03 NA 8.5e-04
4 GTEx Thyroid 0.2310 0.0630 1.2e-05 0.132 NA 0.107 NA 0.121 2.7e-10 NA 1.4e-08 NA 1.6e-09
5 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0287 0.0140 1.6e-02 0.026 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.014 2.4e-04 3.4e-02 2.1e-02 2.2e-02 5.1e-03
6 YFS Blood 0.0757 0.0177 5.6e-17 0.043 0.067 0.079 0.075 0.077 7.7e-14 6.9e-21 1.5e-24 2.4e-23 5.1e-24
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0397 0.0226 3.7e-03 0.035 0.015 0.011 NA 0.018 7.6e-05 6.7e-03 1.8e-02 NA 3.9e-03
8 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.1214 0.0544 2.9e-04 0.014 0.052 0.050 NA 0.033 7.9e-03 1.5e-06 2.1e-06 NA 1.0e-04
9 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1260 0.0450 9.2e-08 0.037 0.072 0.068 NA 0.049 1.6e-04 1.5e-07 3.3e-07 NA 1.5e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 1.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 1.2 1.2 -1.0 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.7 1.7 7.6 0.4 -1.3 -0.8 0.1 -1.3 2.8 1.5 -0.8 0.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 3.6 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.9 0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.0 1.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.7 1.3 1.2 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -1.4 0.7 0.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.9 4.9 -2.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 -0.4 0.7 1.2 0.4 0.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.2 0.5 0.4 1.3 -0.0 -0.4 -1.2 0.5 0.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.6 1.2 6.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.8 -1.2 2.5 1.0 -0.3 0.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.6 -1.1 0.3 -1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 2.8 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.2 -1.5 -1.7 0.3 1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -1.5 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.0 0.4 -0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 0.3 -1.1 0.3 -0.8 -1.9 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.8 3.9 8.0 -2.8 -2.1 -1.7 0.3 -2.2 2.1 2.8 0.1 1.6
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.6 3.8 12.9 -1.5 -2.0 -1.8 -0.1 -2.0 2.5 3.6 -0.6 1.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.7 1.4 6.5 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.6 1.8 2.5 -0.9 0.8
Major Depression (MDD) 1.0 1.2 2.7 1.6 1.0 1.0 -0.0 0.8 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4
Reaction Time 0.4 0.8 3.5 -1.5 0.4 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.3 1.9 1.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.8 1.6 -1.3 1.1 0.9 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.2
Breast Cancer 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.5
Ovarian Cancer 0.9 1.2 4.6 0.0 -1.4 -1.0 -2.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.5 0.6 -1.1
Prostate Cancer 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.9 0.6
Age at First Birth 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.1 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.7 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.4 -0.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.2 1.5 5.8 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.4 2.4 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 1.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.7 1.1 3.5 -1.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.9 1.4 1.8 -0.1 -0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.9 0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.5 1.0 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4
HbA1C 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -1.3 -1.3 0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.9 2.6 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 -1.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.2
LDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -1.0 0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.9 -1.0
Lupus 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.9 1.2 3.5 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.9 -1.6 0.5 1.0 -0.1 -1.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.9 1.3 4.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 2.0 1.4 0.7 0.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.4 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 1.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.4 -0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.3 1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -0.5
Triglycerides 1.6 2.7 6.7 -1.2 -2.2 -2.6 -0.0 -1.7 1.9 1.9 -1.2 -0.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.1
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 2.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 1.3 1.6 -0.6 -0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.4 3.1 0.3 1.7 1.8 -0.3 0.7 -1.2 -1.5 -1.2 -0.8
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.0 5.2 -1.6 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -1.3 2.3 0.2 1.7 2.3
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.9 2.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -1.0
Blood White Count 0.1 1.0 4.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.1 -0.8 1.3 2.0
Heel T-Score 0.1 0.6 2.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.4 -1.5 -0.4 -0.4 -1.4
BMI 0.1 0.3 2.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.3
Height 0.1 1.0 3.8 -1.5 0.6 -0.0 -1.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 -2.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.6 1.3 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 4.7 23.3 49.1 1.6 6.5 7.0 3.6 6.4 -5.5 -4.9 2.4 1.2
Smoking Status 0.5 1.3 2.6 0.9 -1.6 -1.6 -0.3 -1.6 0.8 0.1 -1.5 -0.1
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.6 2.1 1.2 0.0 0.5 -0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5
Cardiovascular Disease 4.4 14.4 29.2 3.7 5.1 5.4 1.3 5.0 -4.2 -3.6 1.4 -0.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.6 1.3 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.7 0.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.3
Respiratory disease 0.4 1.0 4.8 -0.8 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.0 -0.4 -1.1 -2.2 -0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.4 0.8 2.1 -0.1 1.4 1.2 -0.6 0.4 0.4 -1.5 0.7 0.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 1.3 3.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 -1.8 -0.6 0.3 1.8 1.6 1.0
Lung FVC 1.0 5.3 9.6 1.0 2.8 3.0 0.9 3.0 -3.1 -2.6 1.4 1.1
Neuroticism 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.6 -0.9 0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 0.9 3.1 -0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.9 1.7
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.5 4.7 -0.7 -1.8 -2.2 1.2 -0.6 0.5 1.5 0.2 1.0
Tanning 0.1 1.2 3.4 0.8 -1.6 -1.5 -0.0 -1.8 0.8 0.7 -1.0 0.5
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.6 5.7 0.9 0.3 0.4 -2.4 0.2 -1.8 -0.9 -0.4 -1.9
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4
Average weekly spirits intake 0.8 1.0 2.3 -0.1 -1.5 -1.4 0.1 -1.2 1.5 0.9 -0.1 0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.7 1.3 4.5 -0.2 1.0 0.9 2.1 0.3 -0.0 -1.4 0.8 1.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 3.7 1.9 1.5 1.6 0.3 0.9 -0.7 -1.9 0.3 0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.9 1.4 8.3 1.2 -0.4 0.2 2.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 1.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.7 1.4 3.2 1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 -1.0 -0.5 0.6 -1.2 -1.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.1 3.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -1.9 -1.3 0.0 0.6 1.0 -1.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -1.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.9 1.0 3.9 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 -1.0 2.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 3.8 7.1 -0.3 2.3 2.6 1.9 2.7 -2.6 -1.2 1.8 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.3 1.4 4.1 0.1 -1.3 -1.7 -0.6 -1.6 2.0 1.0 -0.4 0.2
Angina 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.8 4.8 0.6 -0.3 0.4 2.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.4 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 1.1 1.5
Supplements: Zinc 1.8 1.9 5.0 -0.1 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.3 0.6 1.4 -2.1 -2.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 2.4 1.6 -1.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 0.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.0
Medication: Metformin 0.5 0.8 2.9 -0.7 0.9 0.5 -0.8 0.5 0.2 -1.7 1.2 0.1
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.9 0.7 0.0 -0.7 0.2
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.5 1.0 -0.9 -0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.9 1.0 2.3 -0.5 -1.5 -1.4 0.9 -0.9 1.1 0.7 0.6 1.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.8 1.5 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.7 -0.3 -1.0 0.9 0.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 1.9 3.1 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 0.8 -1.3 1.4 1.4 -1.3 0.2
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.6 0.2 0.4 -0.0 -1.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0 1.2 -0.6
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.1 7.7 -1.9 -2.7 -2.8 -2.5 -2.5 2.6 2.6 -0.7 -1.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.6 1.7 4.7 0.7 1.0 0.9 -1.9 0.8 -2.2 -1.2 0.3 -1.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.6
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.4 0.9 -1.6 -1.5 0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 0.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.5 1.7 4.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 1.6 2.1 -0.7 -0.7
Maternal smoking around birth 0.7 1.1 3.5 1.0 -0.3 -0.0 1.7 0.1 0.4 -0.6 1.3 1.9
Fed-up feelings 1.1 2.0 5.7 1.1 1.1 1.2 2.4 0.3 -0.6 -2.3 0.5 1.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 4.0 5.3 12.3 2.8 2.4 2.8 1.7 1.6 -2.6 -3.5 -0.9 -0.6
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.2 1.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 1.0 0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.4 1.0 2.5 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.1 -1.6 1.1 -0.3 0.7 1.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.8 2.1 6.9 1.8 0.4 0.6 2.6 0.5 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.7 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.7 -0.9 0.5
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.3 3.2 -0.2 -1.7 -1.5 -0.5 -1.8 0.6 0.1 -1.5 -0.1
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -1.0
High blood pressure 5.0 13.9 27.4 2.2 5.2 5.2 2.1 4.7 -4.5 -4.2 1.5 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.3 0.6 1.7 1.3 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.0 2.8 -0.0 -0.7 -0.9 -1.5 -0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.2 -1.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.8
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.7 3.3 0.5 0.2 -0.0 -1.0 0.8 0.0 0.3 -1.2 -1.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 -1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.9 0.2
Medication: Atenolol 0.9 1.1 4.4 2.1 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.9 2.5 1.5 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.9 1.2 -1.6 -0.4
Sitting height 0.1 1.0 2.6 -1.2 1.0 0.4 -1.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 1.3 -1.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 1.0 2.1 0.0 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.0 -0.8 -1.1 1.0 0.8
High blood pressure (mother) 1.1 1.6 2.9 0.6 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.5 -0.6 -0.8 1.4 1.5
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.6 1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.4 2.0 3.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.9 0.3 -1.5 1.5 1.0 -1.7 -0.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.6 2.8 0.2 0.3 -0.0 -1.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 1.2 -0.7
Trunk fat mass 0.9 3.7 5.9 -1.6 -2.2 -2.4 -2.4 -2.1 2.0 2.2 -0.2 -1.0
Waist circumference 0.9 3.3 7.2 -1.4 -1.8 -2.1 -1.7 -2.7 2.3 2.0 0.7 -0.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.0 1.6 5.7 0.6 -1.3 -1.0 2.4 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -1.7 1.8
Past tobacco smoking 0.5 0.8 4.5 0.0 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 1.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.4 2.1 0.4 0.6 1.0 -0.2 1.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Nervous feelings 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.7 -0.1 0.1 1.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.4 0.9 0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.8 1.2 2.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.0 -0.9 -1.2 0.3 -0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.8 1.0 3.2 -0.3 -1.8 -1.4 -0.2 -1.2 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.1
Had menopause 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.0 -0.6 1.0 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.8
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.7 3.5 0.1 1.7 1.8 -1.2 1.4 -1.9 -1.1 0.4 -1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.0 1.2 3.9 1.1 -0.6 -0.3 2.0 -0.9 0.9 -0.3 -1.3 1.3
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 2.0 7.8 -0.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 -1.8 -2.8 1.1 1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 3.3 1.1 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.3 1.0 -0.5 -1.0 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.9 1.3 4.8 -0.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.7 -2.2 -0.8 -0.3 0.3
Heart attack 0.8 1.1 4.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 -2.2 -1.4
Allergy 0.4 1.0 3.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 -0.5 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.8
Pain all over the body in last month 0.7 0.8 2.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -1.4 -0.6 1.1 0.3 1.7 -0.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.4
Medication: Ramipril 2.4 3.1 6.7 -0.5 2.6 2.4 -0.5 2.2 -1.9 -1.8 1.2 -1.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.6 1.2 -0.0 -1.1 0.2 -0.5
Fluid intelligence score 0.5 1.1 2.2 -0.6 1.3 1.5 -1.4 0.5 0.4 0.9 1.5 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings 1.6 2.2 6.4 2.1 -0.7 -0.6 -2.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.6 -2.5
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.1 3.4 1.1 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7 -0.0 1.1
Weight 0.2 1.0 2.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -1.7 -1.3 0.7 1.0 0.5 -0.8
Impedance of arm (right) 0.7 3.3 6.2 -1.9 -2.2 -2.2 -1.3 -1.8 2.5 2.0 -1.1 -0.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.4 4.1 -0.8 -2.0 -1.9 -1.5 -1.8 1.8 1.9 -0.6 -0.3
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.4 3.2 0.7 1.6 1.1 -0.5 0.9 -1.8 -1.6 0.8 -1.1
Hip circumference 0.5 2.3 4.6 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.5 -2.1 1.9 1.8 0.5 -0.3
Time employed in main current job 1.3 1.5 4.2 0.1 1.0 1.2 2.1 1.2 -1.0 -1.7 -0.3 1.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.2 -0.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.0 0.6
Father’s age at death 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -1.0 -1.5 -1.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.3 1.0 1.3 0.6 0.3 -0.5 -1.3 0.1 0.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 -1.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.6
Falls in the last year 1.4 1.9 3.9 1.6 1.6 2.0 0.2 1.4 -1.5 -1.8 0.2 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.4
Number of live births 1.1 1.6 4.4 -2.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -1.2 1.1 2.1 1.4 0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 1.9 3.5 0.1 1.8 1.8 -1.4 1.5 -1.9 -0.7 1.3 -0.6
Pulse rate 1.5 2.6 4.8 -0.9 -1.6 -1.8 1.2 -1.8 2.1 1.6 0.6 2.2
Happiness 1.5 1.8 4.3 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.4 0.9 -1.3 -2.1 -1.1 -0.0
Noisy workplace 1.1 1.3 4.2 1.8 -1.1 -1.3 0.7 -0.7 0.3 0.4 -2.0 0.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.3 -1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.3 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.8 1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4
Asthma 0.5 0.9 4.7 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -1.3 -2.2 -0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.0 2.5 1.6 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.8 3.8 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.8 1.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.9 -1.9
Depression (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.6
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.6 0.7 2.2 -1.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 1.1 0.4 0.8 0.3
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.1 4.8 1.0 -0.9 -0.9 2.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.9
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.4
Illnesses of mother 1.3 1.6 5.7 -1.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -1.6 1.0 0.3 2.4 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.7 2.4 4.7 1.1 2.1 2.0 -1.0 1.8 -2.2 -0.8 1.5 -0.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 1.1 5.2 8.6 -2.0 -2.8 -2.6 -2.3 -2.2 2.9 2.6 -1.1 -0.9
Arm fat mass (right) 0.4 1.6 2.6 -0.6 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 1.4 1.4 -0.1 -0.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.3 2.9 0.7 1.6 1.1 -0.4 0.9 -1.7 -1.5 0.9 -1.0
Standing height 0.2 2.0 8.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.5 -2.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 -2.8
Length of working week for main job 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.2 0.7 0.9 0.4 -0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.8 2.5 -0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 -1.3 -0.4 -1.6 -0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 1.0 3.0 1.6 0.8 1.0 0.1 -0.0 -1.4 -1.7 0.3 -0.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 0.9 3.5 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -1.3 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.7 1.6 5.3 0.7 2.3 1.9 0.5 1.1 -0.2 -1.5 1.0 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 3.1 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 1.7 1.3 0.6 -0.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.5 1.1 3.2 0.1 0.9 1.2 -1.8 1.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 1.0 1.2 4.8 2.2 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.8 -0.0 -1.2 -1.3 0.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 1.1 -0.6 0.5 1.2 -1.1 0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.0 1.3 3.4 0.3 -1.6 -1.8 0.1 -1.0 1.4 1.4 -0.5 0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.8 2.3 5.4 -0.7 2.3 2.1 -0.0 1.1 -1.8 -1.9 1.3 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.3 2.4 -0.6 -1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -1.5 1.6 1.3 0.4 0.6
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.9 4.3 2.1 0.9 0.5 0.0 1.0 -0.7 -1.0 0.3 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.8 3.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 -0.8 -1.9 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 4.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -2.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 0.3 -1.3
Gout (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 5.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -2.3 0.2 1.3 1.7 1.3 -0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.1 -1.0 -1.1 0.3 -0.7 0.9 0.6 -1.1 0.1
Medication: Amlodipine 4.5 6.3 16.3 1.4 2.9 2.9 -0.2 3.3 -4.0 -2.6 2.0 -0.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.6 3.2 -1.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.2
Birth weight 0.2 0.4 2.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.6 0.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 3.2 3.7 7.4 -0.2 -2.7 -2.7 -1.5 -2.1 2.5 2.0 -1.2 -0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 2.6 3.8 10.8 -0.8 2.2 2.2 3.3 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 1.7 2.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.9 4.5 1.2 1.7 1.8 -0.9 1.5 -2.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.6
Body fat percentage 1.2 4.6 7.3 -1.7 -2.7 -2.7 -2.0 -2.5 2.6 2.5 -0.7 -0.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.7 2.5 5.0 -1.2 -2.1 -2.0 -0.1 -1.8 2.0 2.2 -0.3 0.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.9 -0.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.9 1.1 7.6 2.8 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -1.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.8 3.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.8 1.4 -0.1 1.8 0.6
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.8 2.1 -1.4 -1.1 -0.5 0.4 -1.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 1.0
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.0 1.8 3.1 -0.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.1 -0.7 -1.6 1.7 0.9
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.3 2.2 5.3 -0.4 -2.0 -1.7 -0.6 -2.3 1.3 1.2 -1.8 -0.8
Number of children fathered 0.9 1.0 3.5 0.5 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 0.2 0.4 -0.8 -1.9
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.9 1.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.0
Age at first live birth 0.3 0.5 2.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.9 1.4 -0.6 -0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.7
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.5 -0.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 1.0 4.2 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -2.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.9 1.0 4.4 -0.3 0.3 0.8 1.8 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.7 2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.6 2.1 1.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 2.5 1.5 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -1.6 -0.9
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.0 -0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 2.1 3.8 8.4 1.7 2.9 2.8 0.9 2.6 -2.0 -1.9 0.6 -0.3
Angina (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.0 0.3 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 3.9 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.9 -2.0 -1.7 0.9 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.9 1.1 3.5 1.0 -1.9 -1.4 -0.1 -1.3 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 1.2 1.6 4.4 0.7 1.3 1.0 -2.1 1.6 -0.3 -0.5 1.8 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.8 1.0 2.3 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -1.5 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.7 3.0 1.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.3
Whole body fat mass 0.7 2.9 5.0 -1.2 -1.9 -2.0 -2.2 -1.9 1.9 1.9 -0.2 -0.9
Leg fat mass (right) 0.5 1.9 3.5 -0.9 -1.8 -1.9 -0.6 -1.8 1.6 1.9 -0.1 0.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.5 -0.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.2 3.9 7.7 -1.7 -2.3 -2.8 0.3 -2.8 2.1 2.1 0.7 1.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.4 4.7 -0.8 -1.8 -2.2 0.1 -1.3 1.1 0.9 -0.3 0.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.8 2.9 -1.7 0.9 0.1 -1.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.7 -0.9
Number of full sisters 1.1 1.3 2.9 -0.4 -1.3 -1.6 -0.3 -1.5 0.6 1.7 1.1 0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.5 0.8 2.1 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.4 -1.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.7
Overall health rating 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2 0.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.4 1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.1 0.3
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.0 0.6 0.0 -1.0
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.7 3.3 -1.8 0.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.2
Family relationship satisfaction 1.0 1.2 4.8 2.0 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 -2.2 -1.3
Leg pain on walking 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.4 1.9 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.0 -0.9 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.7 2.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 1.2 1.5 -0.7 0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 2.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.5 0.2 -0.5 1.1 1.5 -0.6
Medication: Aspirin 1.9 2.5 4.3 1.7 1.9 2.0 0.4 1.8 -1.8 -2.1 -0.6 -1.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.4 1.7 4.2 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 1.2 -2.1 -1.6 -2.1 -1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 2.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.4 -0.4 -1.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 5.8 16.1 32.7 2.9 5.6 5.7 2.1 5.0 -4.8 -4.3 1.2 -0.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.4 1.6 4.4 0.5 1.5 1.5 -0.1 1.5 -2.1 -1.3 -0.1 -1.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.9 1.3 3.3 -0.3 -1.8 -1.6 -0.3 -0.8 1.7 1.0 0.3 0.9
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.7 2.0 4.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.9 -0.2 -1.0 1.0 1.9 0.6 1.2
Smoking status: Previous 0.5 0.8 4.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 -2.0 -0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.8 1.5 0.4 1.1 0.7 -0.9 0.4 -1.2 -1.0 1.1 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.7 3.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 -1.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 1.0 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.9 3.7 6.4 -0.9 -2.5 -2.4 -2.0 -2.1 2.3 2.4 -0.5 -0.5
Average weekly red wine intake 0.9 1.3 3.4 1.4 0.8 1.3 1.8 1.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.2
Mood swings 0.5 0.9 2.7 1.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.5 0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.8 1.2 4.0 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.9 0.0 0.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.9 4.0 -0.9 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.1 -0.6 -2.0 -0.8 0.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 0.9 0.6 -1.3 -0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 -1.3 0.5 0.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.0 2.1 6.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.6 -0.7 -1.4 2.5 1.6 0.3 0.6
Friendships satisfaction 0.9 1.1 3.8 0.5 1.3 2.0 0.4 0.3 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 1.0 3.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 1.3 1.3 1.9 0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.5 2.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.8 1.6 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.0 -0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.1 0.7 -0.7
Medication for cholesterol 4.5 6.8 14.7 -1.7 -3.4 -3.8 -1.3 -3.2 3.0 3.3 -0.6 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 1.0 2.3 -0.2 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 0.9 -0.0 -0.0 -0.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 3.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 2.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.2 1.6 6.2 -1.2 -0.5 -0.2 2.2 -0.9 0.3 0.8 0.8 2.5
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.6 0.7 -1.3 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.4 -1.3
Asthma (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 4.2 -0.4 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -2.0 -0.5
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 4.2 -1.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 -1.0 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.8
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 3.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.0 -1.8 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 1.6 2.1 4.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 0.5 1.6 -1.6 -2.0 -1.0 -1.1
Medication: Gliclazide 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -1.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.0 -1.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.2 1.4 4.1 -0.1 1.8 1.3 -0.8 0.9 -2.0 -1.2 0.2 -1.1
Smoking status: Current 0.6 0.9 2.8 0.8 -1.6 -1.7 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -1.1 -0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 3.0 6.4 11.2 0.0 3.3 3.2 1.2 2.8 -3.4 -3.1 1.9 1.8
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.7 1.4 0.5 1.1 0.6 -0.9 0.2 -1.2 -1.0 1.0 -0.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 3.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 -1.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 1.0 -0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.5 3.0 -0.5 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3 1.4 1.4 -0.0 -0.7
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.5 0.9 2.2 -0.2 1.5 1.0 0.1 1.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.7 -0.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.1 1.4 1.5 -0.2 1.2 -1.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8
Miserableness 0.7 1.2 4.3 2.1 0.9 0.9 1.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.7 0.7 0.8
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 2.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 1.8 -0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.7 1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.5 -1.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.3 1.5 4.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 1.1 -1.4 1.4 0.2 1.1 2.2
Hearing aid user 1.1 1.2 5.7 0.3 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.7 1.1 0.5 -0.3 1.6
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.1 3.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -2.0
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.4 1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.0 2.3 7.2 -0.8 -2.3 -1.8 1.1 -1.7 0.5 0.4 -2.7 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.7 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.8 0.9 5.6 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -2.4 -0.6 0.3 0.5 0.0 -1.4
Medication: Blood pressure 4.6 8.7 17.2 1.8 4.0 4.2 0.9 3.9 -3.6 -3.5 0.5 -0.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.9 1.1 4.9 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.6 2.2 0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.4 1.8 6.9 0.8 0.3 -0.2 -2.4 0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0 -2.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.6 2.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.6 0.8 0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.7 4.1 10.6 1.2 3.3 3.1 0.3 2.6 -1.6 -1.9 1.2 0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.6 0.9 1.7 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.6 -1.2 1.3 1.1 0.3 0.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.7 0.9 1.9 1.0 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -1.4 -0.5 -0.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 -1.1 0.5 0.1 -0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.0 1.2 5.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 2.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.7 2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.9 3.5 6.8 -0.4 -2.6 -2.6 0.9 -2.1 1.9 2.1 -1.5 1.4
Ever smoked 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -1.6 -0.8 0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.9 -0.9
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.5 4.5 -1.2 -2.1 -2.1 -0.7 -1.8 2.0 2.0 -0.3 0.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.7 -0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.0 1.4 6.4 2.5 0.0 0.3 1.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 1.2
Irritability 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.3
Risk taking 1.0 1.5 3.3 0.5 -1.4 -1.8 0.4 -1.4 1.7 1.2 -0.5 1.0
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.9 1.0 3.4 1.1 0.6 0.8 1.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 1.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 2.9 3.7 6.8 -1.3 -2.4 -2.6 -1.5 -2.5 2.1 2.4 -0.2 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.2 1.5 3.9 -0.3 2.0 1.8 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.9 1.1 -0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.8 3.1 0.4 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.7 -1.6 -0.3 1.8 0.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.8 1.0 3.3 1.2 -1.0 -0.7 1.8 -0.6 0.1 0.5 -1.2 0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 1.0 0.0
Myopia 0.5 0.8 2.6 0.2 -1.6 -1.3 0.2 -1.0 0.6 0.9 -0.6 0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 3.9 10.5 21.3 -1.7 -4.5 -4.6 -2.2 -3.9 3.7 3.8 -1.5 -0.8
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.2 3.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 0.8 1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.8 0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.8 2.2 4.5 -2.0 -1.3 -1.6 -0.8 -2.1 1.9 1.6 0.4 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.6 -0.7 0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 1.9 -0.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 5.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.7 -2.3 -1.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.4 1.8 4.4 -0.7 2.1 1.8 -0.0 0.7 -1.5 -1.7 1.4 -0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 1.2 1.5 3.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 0.6 -1.8 2.0 1.4 0.2 1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.9 -1.0 0.9 -0.0 -0.4 0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.6 0.9 2.0 0.5 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.9 1.1 0.4
Impedance of whole body 0.7 3.7 6.2 -1.9 -2.5 -2.3 -1.2 -1.8 2.5 1.9 -1.6 -0.7
Leg fat mass (left) 0.5 1.9 3.6 -1.0 -1.8 -1.9 -1.1 -1.7 1.5 1.7 -0.2 -0.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.5 -0.6