Hub : Genes

APOPT1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.058 0.0270 1.4e-03 0.022 NA 0.004 NA 0.020 6.3e-03 NA 1.5e-01 NA 8.2e-03
2 GTEx Artery Coronary 0.189 0.0940 7.7e-03 0.017 NA 0.015 NA 0.046 8.5e-02 NA 1.0e-01 NA 1.2e-02
3 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.265 0.0632 1.1e-05 0.005 NA 0.012 NA 0.005 1.2e-01 NA 3.9e-02 NA 1.2e-01
4 GTEx Brain Frontal Cortex BA9 0.170 0.0715 1.8e-03 0.074 NA 0.041 NA 0.076 5.1e-03 NA 3.0e-02 NA 4.7e-03
5 GTEx Brain Putamen basal ganglia 0.216 0.0900 2.0e-03 0.000 NA -0.002 NA 0.014 3.1e-01 NA 3.6e-01 NA 1.5e-01
6 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.138 0.0530 1.8e-05 0.122 NA 0.081 NA 0.100 2.1e-09 NA 1.1e-06 NA 6.4e-08
7 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.159 0.0690 5.4e-04 0.019 NA 0.038 NA 0.022 2.2e-02 NA 2.2e-03 NA 1.7e-02
8 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.144 0.0366 1.2e-14 0.212 NA 0.216 NA 0.205 1.7e-20 NA 6.7e-21 NA 8.6e-20
9 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.103 0.0508 1.3e-03 0.079 NA 0.052 NA 0.056 3.1e-06 NA 1.5e-04 NA 7.8e-05
10 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.164 0.0810 8.7e-03 0.003 NA 0.003 NA 0.002 1.9e-01 NA 1.6e-01 NA 2.2e-01
11 GTEx Spleen 0.285 0.1150 6.5e-03 0.054 NA 0.082 NA 0.033 1.7e-02 NA 3.9e-03 NA 5.0e-02
12 GTEx Testis 0.135 0.0490 3.1e-04 0.066 NA 0.116 NA 0.104 6.9e-04 NA 8.4e-06 NA 2.3e-05
13 GTEx Thyroid 0.107 0.0520 6.2e-04 0.116 NA 0.093 NA 0.105 3.6e-09 NA 1.3e-07 NA 1.9e-08

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 3.1 4.9 10.6 -3.3 -2.9 0.7 -2.6 -0.9 -2.1 -2.4 1.7 -3.0 -2.1 -0.1 -0.3 -3.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 8.3 20.3 44.8 -6.7 -5.6 1.2 -4.8 -2.3 -5.0 -4.3 4.5 -6.6 -2.3 -1.3 0.1 -6.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.7 6.6 -1.6 -1.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 -2.6 -0.4 -1.4 -1.0 0.2 -2.2 -1.7
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.7 2.5 6.0 -2.4 -1.7 0.0 -1.3 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 1.3 -2.1 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 -2.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 3.4 10.4 29.0 -3.9 -1.5 -0.0 -0.1 -4.0 0.2 -5.4 -1.2 -4.2 -3.1 -0.7 -5.0 -4.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.2 4.3 -0.1 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.1 1.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.4 -1.0 1.2 -2.1 -0.7
Schizophrenia (2018) 7.9 16.4 36.2 -6.0 -4.9 0.8 -4.1 -2.2 -4.8 -3.7 4.4 -6.0 -1.3 -1.6 0.4 -5.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.4 3.2 7.3 -2.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.8 -2.0 -1.8 -1.7 1.7 -2.7 -0.9 -2.1 -0.1 -2.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.6 6.9 0.9 1.3 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.6 -0.3 -2.0 0.7 -1.3 2.6 -1.2 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.8 1.0 4.6 -1.0 -2.1 0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -1.4 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -1.7 0.5 -0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.0 1.1 2.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -0.6 -1.6 -0.6 1.6 -0.3 0.8 -1.3 1.7 -0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.7 2.4 7.0 -1.0 -2.1 0.2 -1.7 -0.4 -2.6 0.5 2.5 -0.1 0.5 -1.9 2.3 -0.4
Crohns Disease (2017) 2.4 5.2 15.5 -1.7 -2.9 -0.4 -3.0 -0.4 -3.6 0.2 3.9 -1.3 1.2 -0.1 3.8 -1.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.9 4.5 12.3 -1.5 -2.3 -1.0 -3.3 0.2 -3.3 0.7 3.4 -1.2 -0.0 1.3 3.5 -1.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.2 2.2 6.4 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -2.5 0.7 -1.9 0.5 2.0 -0.6 -1.0 2.0 2.5 -0.5
Major Depression (MDD) 4.1 5.0 12.9 -2.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -2.1 0.4 -3.6 -1.0 -3.4 -2.1 -1.5 -3.5 -3.1
Reaction Time 0.8 1.5 3.5 -1.3 -1.6 -0.6 -1.5 -1.0 -1.9 0.0 1.9 -0.9 0.5 -0.1 1.4 -1.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.8 4.2 15.6 -2.8 -1.4 0.5 -0.4 -2.2 -0.2 -4.0 -0.8 -2.2 -2.1 0.6 -2.8 -2.5
Breast Cancer 1.2 2.8 11.2 -1.0 -1.7 0.4 -1.8 -0.6 -3.0 0.8 2.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 3.3 -0.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.8 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 -1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7
Prostate Cancer 3.0 4.3 9.9 -2.8 -2.6 -0.1 -2.4 -1.6 -1.9 -1.0 2.4 -3.1 0.1 -2.2 0.2 -2.7
Age at First Birth 3.6 5.2 10.3 3.2 2.8 -1.3 3.0 1.0 2.3 2.9 -2.3 2.8 1.3 1.3 0.1 2.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 2.9 2.8 6.9 -2.5 -1.9 -0.4 -2.5 -1.1 -0.8 -2.6 1.1 0.0 -1.7 0.5 -0.6 -2.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.3 3.2 11.2 -1.1 -2.4 0.9 -1.6 0.7 -2.6 1.6 2.8 -0.3 0.4 1.6 3.4 0.0
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.1 1.3 6.1 -0.4 0.6 0.8 -1.6 -1.6 -0.5 0.0 1.1 -1.1 0.2 -2.5 1.0 -0.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.2 1.9 5.9 -1.0 -1.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.4 -1.8 0.6 2.4 -0.9 0.8 -1.5 2.1 -0.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.4 0.4 -0.0 1.1 -1.8 1.3 -0.5 -1.8 -0.0 -0.9 -0.4 -1.3 0.3
Fasting Glucose 1.1 1.4 4.8 0.6 0.2 0.6 2.2 1.7 1.6 -0.1 -1.8 0.5 -0.2 0.9 -1.5 0.6
HbA1C 0.5 0.5 3.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 0.7 -1.9 -0.5 -0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.1 1.2 0.6
LDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.3 1.1 0.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Lupus 1.1 1.6 4.4 -1.0 -2.0 -0.3 -1.2 0.1 -2.1 1.0 2.0 0.6 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.4
Neuroticism (2016) 2.1 3.0 10.1 1.1 1.8 -0.1 1.4 1.5 2.5 -0.8 -2.9 0.5 -1.9 1.0 -3.2 0.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.8 0.8 0.6 0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.3 0.4 -1.1 1.4 0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 8.9 19.5 45.1 -6.5 -5.0 0.2 -4.5 -2.5 -5.2 -4.1 4.7 -6.7 -2.2 -1.3 0.4 -6.5
Triglycerides 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.1 1.3 11.1 0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 -1.1 3.3 1.3 0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.8 2.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.4 0.4 -1.1 0.2 1.0 -0.2 -0.6 1.7 1.1 0.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.0 15.2 38.3 -4.4 -4.4 2.3 -6.2 2.6 -5.1 -1.5 5.4 -3.2 -2.6 2.5 4.2 -3.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 5.7 21.9 -1.2 -3.1 -0.0 -2.9 -1.5 -3.1 1.7 4.2 -0.4 0.6 0.4 4.7 -0.5
Blood Red Count 1.7 16.1 38.9 -4.7 -4.2 -0.6 -6.2 0.3 -3.6 -5.8 3.8 -4.3 -5.1 -0.4 0.3 -5.1
Blood White Count 2.8 20.5 55.7 -6.2 -4.2 0.5 -7.0 -0.6 -3.1 -7.5 2.4 -5.5 -4.7 -0.2 -1.8 -6.0
Heel T-Score 13.6 108.4 272.2 -10.6 -12.7 -0.5 -16.3 -5.8 -13.9 -2.6 16.5 -8.6 -5.0 -1.4 13.9 -8.3
BMI 5.3 30.8 63.5 -7.1 -7.0 0.4 -7.8 -4.2 -7.9 -1.3 8.0 -5.5 -1.3 -3.8 4.2 -5.7
Height 3.0 58.5 222.0 8.8 7.1 0.0 14.9 5.0 7.9 8.0 -8.8 8.4 3.0 1.8 -3.6 9.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.6 2.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 0.8 2.8 -0.0 0.5 1.2 -1.3 -0.1 0.9 -1.7 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 -1.2
Smoking Status 4.1 9.9 20.6 -4.4 -4.5 0.5 -3.9 -1.4 -4.1 -2.3 3.6 -3.8 -1.1 -2.0 1.5 -3.7
Allergy or Eczema 0.6 1.5 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 -0.2 1.5 -0.7 1.6 0.5 -0.1 0.4 1.6
Cardiovascular Disease 4.1 13.7 33.6 -4.5 -4.8 0.8 -5.8 -1.6 -5.0 -2.1 4.9 -3.6 -2.1 -2.2 2.5 -4.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.1 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.6
Respiratory disease 1.3 2.8 6.5 -2.4 -2.4 -0.5 -2.0 -0.2 -2.6 -2.1 2.2 -1.3 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 -1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 2.5 4.6 7.5 -2.5 -2.1 -2.1 -2.7 -2.1 -2.3 -1.3 2.7 -2.7 -1.8 -0.6 0.8 -2.7
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.0 5.2 10.3 3.2 3.1 0.2 2.8 2.3 2.8 1.2 -2.5 3.0 0.8 0.2 -1.4 2.8
Lung FVC 0.2 1.0 2.9 -1.3 -1.7 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0 -0.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.9 -0.6
Neuroticism 0.5 1.3 5.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.9 -1.7 0.0 -1.5 2.3 -1.5 -0.0
Chronotype (morning person) 0.8 1.9 7.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 2.8 -0.5 1.9 -1.2 -2.1 0.1 0.0 0.8 -2.6 0.0
Hair Pigment 1.3 38.4 94.1 -7.5 -9.7 0.4 -9.0 -3.8 -8.4 -2.3 8.0 -6.2 -2.6 -3.0 4.7 -6.1
Tanning 0.1 1.4 4.6 0.9 0.7 1.0 2.1 0.2 1.2 0.6 -0.9 1.0 2.0 -1.3 -1.1 1.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.5 7.6 1.2 0.9 -0.8 2.8 -0.3 2.0 0.6 -1.4 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.9
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.8 3.3 6.6 -1.9 -1.6 0.2 -2.5 -2.1 -2.6 -1.0 2.4 -1.9 -0.9 -1.8 0.8 -2.1
Average weekly spirits intake 2.7 3.3 12.2 -1.0 -2.2 -0.0 -1.8 -0.8 -3.1 1.7 2.9 0.4 0.1 0.1 3.5 0.0
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.9 3.2 0.1 0.8 -1.8 -0.0 1.4 0.3 0.2 -1.1 0.4 -1.4 0.8 -1.2 0.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 2.5 3.6 7.0 -2.6 -2.3 -0.7 -2.4 -2.0 -2.0 -0.8 2.3 -2.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.8 -2.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.4 3.7 7.8 -2.8 -2.6 0.5 -2.4 -0.8 -2.5 -1.2 2.4 -2.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.6 -2.6
Relative age of first facial hair 3.1 6.3 11.4 -3.2 -3.3 -2.5 -2.5 -2.0 -2.4 -2.4 2.9 -2.8 -0.7 -1.9 0.6 -3.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.7 3.4 6.6 -2.4 -2.4 0.0 -2.2 -0.7 -2.6 -0.8 2.3 -2.3 0.6 -2.1 0.3 -2.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.3 1.6 6.5 -0.0 -1.8 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -1.4 2.5 1.3 0.6 -0.8 0.1 2.3 1.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.2 1.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.0 1.1 2.1 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8 1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.5 -1.3
Angina 3.6 4.8 18.6 -2.3 -1.3 0.2 -4.3 -0.9 -2.8 -1.7 3.0 -2.2 -0.6 0.1 2.2 -2.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.3 1.4 4.3 1.5 0.8 -0.5 1.6 0.3 1.2 2.1 -1.3 0.8 -1.6 0.1 0.0 1.5
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.1 1.5 3.3 -1.0 -1.5 0.1 -1.8 -1.6 -1.2 -0.5 1.8 -1.0 0.3 0.5 1.7 -1.1
Supplements: Zinc 1.9 2.1 5.5 0.9 1.3 0.3 1.5 1.9 2.0 -0.5 -2.2 0.5 -0.5 1.6 -2.3 0.6
Medication: Co-codamol 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.9 -0.0 1.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.0 0.7
Medication: Metformin 1.5 2.1 5.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -2.2 -0.7 -1.8 0.2 2.2 -1.4 -1.7 0.5 1.8 -1.1
Diabetes (father) 1.1 1.3 3.4 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.5 0.4 1.6 1.0 -1.6 0.8 1.8 0.3 -1.1 0.9
Diabetes (mother) 1.1 1.4 2.5 -1.2 -1.4 0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.6 1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -0.8 0.8 -1.5
Severe depression (siblings) 1.5 1.6 5.8 -1.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 -2.4 0.3 -2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 -2.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 6.4 9.8 19.9 -4.5 -3.8 -0.1 -3.1 -3.1 -4.2 -1.3 3.7 -4.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.9 -4.0
Impedance of leg (right) 3.0 14.5 39.5 4.3 4.6 -0.6 3.9 2.7 6.3 -1.0 -5.9 3.0 -1.8 3.5 -4.3 2.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.9 4.8 13.3 -2.1 -2.9 -0.3 0.4 -0.7 -3.6 2.6 3.2 -1.0 1.7 -3.0 2.2 -0.6
Trunk fat percentage 2.1 8.4 17.8 -3.7 -3.5 -0.6 -4.2 -2.3 -3.8 -1.7 4.2 -2.9 -0.6 -1.5 1.7 -3.4
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.1 5.2 0.8 0.4 -1.5 2.3 -1.4 1.5 0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 0.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 2.1 3.0 6.3 -2.3 -2.3 -1.1 -1.8 -1.3 -1.2 -2.5 0.9 -2.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -2.2
Current tobacco smoking 5.8 9.5 21.4 -4.6 -4.5 -1.5 -2.0 -2.6 -3.6 -2.5 2.8 -4.0 -2.3 -2.6 0.1 -3.8
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.7 -1.0 -0.7 0.5
Maternal smoking around birth 8.9 12.9 23.9 -4.6 -4.6 -0.5 -4.6 -3.0 -4.9 -0.4 4.8 -4.0 -1.1 -2.0 2.6 -4.2
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.3 6.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.8 1.0 -1.8 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4 0.1 -2.5 -1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.7 1.4 -1.1 -0.4 0.9 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.6 -1.1 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.7 1.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.6 -1.0 -1.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.4
Taking other prescription medications 2.0 3.0 6.1 -2.2 -2.1 -0.0 -2.5 -1.2 -2.3 -1.8 2.3 -1.9 -1.1 -0.3 0.3 -1.9
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.8 2.0 5.0 -1.5 -1.2 0.0 -2.1 0.8 -1.0 -1.8 1.6 -1.9 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 -2.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.0 1.2 4.0 1.5 0.7 -0.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 1.7 -0.6 1.9 0.1 0.9 0.4 2.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 6.6 14.9 41.9 -3.5 -4.0 0.7 -5.5 -2.6 -5.5 0.1 6.5 -3.5 -0.8 -1.3 5.4 -3.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.9 1.0 3.0 1.2 0.8 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.8 -0.5 1.1 -0.7 1.7 1.1 1.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.9 1.2 3.7 -0.4 -1.1 1.9 -0.4 0.8 -1.3 1.3 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 1.7 -0.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 3.5 4.2 8.2 -2.7 -2.5 -0.1 -2.5 -1.5 -2.6 -1.8 2.5 -2.4 -1.4 -0.4 0.6 -2.9
High blood pressure 2.7 7.4 20.5 -3.0 -3.3 -0.1 -4.5 0.1 -3.6 -2.4 3.4 -2.4 -2.9 -1.4 1.7 -2.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.3 3.5 1.3 1.9 1.6 1.8 0.8 0.6 1.0 -1.2 0.9 0.7 0.3 -0.7 1.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.0 1.2 3.3 1.0 1.4 0.6 1.3 0.8 1.7 -0.1 -1.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -1.8 0.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.5 1.9 6.7 -1.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -2.2 -0.1 -2.6 -1.5 -1.9
Supplements: Glucosamine 2.3 3.0 9.4 1.9 2.1 0.6 3.1 -0.3 1.4 0.8 -2.5 2.2 0.1 -0.9 -1.6 2.2
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.0
Medication: Atenolol 2.8 3.5 10.4 -2.3 -1.0 1.2 -1.6 -2.5 -0.9 -2.3 1.4 -3.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -3.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.6 1.0 5.4 0.8 1.6 2.3 0.2 1.1 1.1 0.2 -1.0 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 0.1
Sitting height 0.6 4.6 20.1 2.2 0.8 0.1 4.5 2.4 1.3 3.0 -1.4 2.3 0.8 0.6 0.3 2.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -1.3 0.1 -1.0 0.9 1.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.3 -0.4 1.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.7
Body mass index (BMI) 4.6 19.6 44.7 -5.6 -5.6 -0.1 -6.1 -2.6 -6.5 -1.4 6.7 -4.3 -0.4 -2.6 3.5 -4.6
Impedance of leg (left) 2.4 11.6 30.7 4.2 4.1 -0.4 3.5 2.6 5.5 -0.4 -5.1 3.0 -1.3 3.5 -3.0 2.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.8 4.5 12.3 -1.9 -2.8 -0.2 0.5 -0.5 -3.5 2.7 3.0 -0.9 1.7 -3.0 2.1 -0.5
Trunk fat mass 1.5 6.5 16.8 -3.2 -3.4 -0.6 -2.9 -1.7 -3.8 -0.2 4.1 -2.3 0.0 -2.0 2.0 -2.6
Waist circumference 3.0 10.9 24.0 -4.5 -4.3 -0.3 -3.4 -2.2 -4.9 -0.8 4.9 -3.4 -0.8 -3.1 1.9 -3.6
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 1.4 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.6
Past tobacco smoking 3.1 5.7 12.5 3.2 3.1 -0.7 3.5 1.0 3.4 1.0 -3.1 2.3 0.4 1.7 -1.8 2.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.5 2.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 0.1 -1.6 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.5
Nervous feelings 1.6 3.0 8.2 1.6 2.1 1.0 1.7 1.0 2.9 0.4 -2.7 1.0 -0.9 2.0 -1.9 1.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.3 2.0 8.9 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -1.6 -3.0 -0.7 -0.4 -1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 7.3 11.7 24.5 -4.6 -3.6 0.7 -5.0 -2.7 -4.1 -2.7 3.9 -4.3 -1.0 -1.6 1.3 -4.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.9 2.4 5.5 -2.3 -2.0 0.1 -1.1 -1.8 -1.4 -1.0 1.3 -2.0 -1.9 -0.5 0.7 -2.0
Had menopause 1.1 1.3 3.2 -0.8 -1.4 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -1.5 0.8 1.6 0.4 1.1 -1.7 1.8 0.0
Had other major operations 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 -1.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.7 2.8 12.6 1.3 0.8 0.3 3.6 1.6 1.8 1.3 -2.4 1.2 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 2.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 4.7 10.8 31.2 -2.5 -3.2 0.9 -5.2 -1.3 -4.6 0.3 5.6 -2.4 -0.5 -1.2 5.2 -2.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.2 1.5 4.2 -1.5 -0.1 0.8 -0.7 -1.2 0.2 -1.8 -0.3 -1.6 -0.8 -0.2 -2.1 -2.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.8 1.7 8.1 1.4 1.2 -0.5 0.1 1.4 -0.1 2.8 -0.1 1.9 0.4 0.6 1.3 1.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 8.5 11.4 23.8 -4.8 -4.5 -0.4 -3.3 -1.8 -4.1 -2.2 3.5 -4.9 -2.4 -2.8 0.2 -4.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems 8.8 13.5 25.5 4.5 3.7 -0.1 5.0 3.5 4.8 2.0 -4.5 4.0 2.6 2.8 -2.2 4.6
Heart attack 3.2 4.1 10.9 -2.3 -1.5 -1.7 -3.3 -1.5 -2.5 -1.6 2.5 -2.0 -1.7 0.4 1.6 -2.3
Allergy 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.5 -0.9 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6
Pain all over the body in last month 1.7 1.8 4.2 -0.4 -0.8 2.0 -2.0 -0.2 -2.1 1.1 1.6 -0.5 1.0 -1.2 1.8 -0.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 3.0 4.6 7.9 -2.5 -2.1 -2.3 -2.7 -1.3 -2.6 -1.4 2.8 -2.4 -2.5 0.2 1.3 -2.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.2 -0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 1.2 0.0 0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.8
Medication: Ramipril 1.8 2.2 5.5 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 -2.3 -1.0 -1.4 -1.8 1.7 -1.2 -1.7 0.5 0.4 -1.7
Medication: Simvastatin 1.4 2.0 7.0 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 -2.6 -1.2 -1.9 0.4 2.1 -0.9 -0.6 0.4 2.4 -0.6
Fluid intelligence score 2.7 5.6 15.3 -3.3 -2.1 0.5 -0.6 -2.8 -0.1 -3.9 0.2 -3.4 -1.2 -0.7 -2.6 -3.6
Illnesses of siblings 3.4 4.8 10.2 2.6 2.7 -0.4 3.2 2.4 3.1 1.6 -2.6 1.8 -0.2 1.1 -2.1 2.0
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.1 4.2 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.3 -1.4 -0.0 -1.5 2.1 -1.4 -0.3
Weight 1.2 5.9 16.6 -2.8 -3.5 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 -4.1 1.4 4.0 -1.8 0.6 -2.8 2.3 -1.7
Impedance of arm (right) 1.3 6.1 18.1 1.7 2.9 -1.5 2.4 -0.7 4.1 -1.9 -4.1 0.7 -1.1 1.6 -4.3 0.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 4.8 19.1 38.3 -5.8 -5.3 -0.7 -6.2 -3.3 -5.7 -2.8 5.9 -4.7 -0.8 -2.4 2.1 -5.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.7 4.0 18.7 0.3 -1.2 0.0 3.5 1.0 -1.4 4.3 0.9 0.9 1.9 -2.5 1.5 1.7
Hip circumference 1.9 8.1 16.4 -4.0 -3.8 -0.7 -3.0 -1.9 -4.0 -0.7 4.0 -3.4 -0.9 -2.1 1.2 -3.3
Time employed in main current job 1.5 1.7 4.1 1.7 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.2 1.6 0.7 -1.5 2.0 1.8 0.9 -0.2 2.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.7 1.5 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 1.2 -1.2 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 -1.2
Father’s age at death 1.3 1.7 5.0 0.5 0.9 -1.2 1.9 -0.2 2.0 -0.5 -2.2 -0.1 0.2 1.3 -2.2 0.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.6 3.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.1 1.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.9 1.8 -0.6 -0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 5.3 8.6 18.2 -4.3 -4.1 -1.4 -2.7 -3.2 -2.6 -2.7 2.8 -4.0 -1.7 -0.9 0.0 -3.9
Falls in the last year 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.7 -0.0 -0.1 -1.2 0.5 -1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.9 1.3 4.2 2.0 1.7 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.3 0.0 1.2 0.2 1.6
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 4.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.6 0.1 2.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.3 4.5 14.0 2.4 1.9 0.0 3.7 2.0 2.3 1.9 -2.7 2.1 0.6 0.2 -1.3 2.8
Pulse rate 1.5 2.5 6.3 -1.4 -1.9 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -2.5 1.6 2.3 -0.7 0.3 -2.3 1.8 -1.0
Happiness 1.1 1.4 4.8 -0.6 0.8 1.1 0.4 -1.2 0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 0.3 -1.2 -2.2 -1.6
Noisy workplace 1.1 1.4 3.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.4 -1.4 0.1 -1.6 0.4 1.8 -1.3 -0.7 -1.3 0.7 -1.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.2 2.8 10.4 -1.6 -0.5 0.3 0.3 -1.8 0.8 -3.2 -1.1 -1.9 0.2 -1.2 -2.9 -1.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.1 1.2 4.5 0.2 1.8 -0.6 -0.0 0.1 1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5 -2.1 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 2.5 4.3 10.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.6 -2.3 -2.3 -3.2 -0.0 2.9 -1.9 -1.1 -1.7 1.9 -2.0
Asthma 0.4 0.9 2.5 -1.2 -1.6 0.4 -0.8 0.3 -1.4 -0.9 1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.5 1.9 5.7 -1.5 -1.5 -0.1 -1.8 -0.0 -1.7 -0.4 1.4 -0.9 -1.8 -2.4 0.7 -1.5
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.6 2.4 6.3 -1.5 -1.3 0.4 -2.4 -1.2 -2.5 0.3 2.5 -1.0 -1.0 0.1 1.9 -1.4
Depression (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 4.9 -0.6 0.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6 -2.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -2.2 -0.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.9 1.0 8.1 -0.3 -0.3 -2.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -1.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.1
Prospective memory result 1.0 1.2 4.4 1.5 1.1 -0.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.1 -0.7 2.1 1.3 0.4 0.3 1.4
Lung cancer (father) 3.7 4.3 12.2 -2.7 -2.4 -0.9 -3.5 -0.1 -2.3 -0.6 2.7 -2.2 -1.8 0.5 0.9 -2.7
Illnesses of mother 2.3 2.8 5.9 1.8 1.8 -0.4 2.4 2.0 1.5 0.4 -1.8 2.1 1.9 1.2 -0.8 2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.1 3.4 14.7 1.7 1.0 0.4 3.8 1.1 2.2 1.3 -2.8 1.5 0.1 0.1 -1.7 2.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.6 0.7 2.4 -1.3 -1.5 -0.8 -0.9 0.3 -1.3 0.1 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.1 0.8 -0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 1.3 5.9 16.8 2.2 3.2 -1.5 2.2 -0.2 4.1 -1.7 -3.9 1.4 -1.0 1.6 -3.6 1.1
Arm fat mass (right) 3.4 14.0 31.3 -5.0 -5.0 -0.3 -4.4 -2.6 -5.5 -1.0 5.6 -3.7 -0.0 -2.9 2.5 -4.0
Trunk predicted mass 0.7 4.0 18.7 0.2 -1.2 -0.1 3.5 1.0 -1.4 4.3 0.9 0.9 1.9 -2.5 1.4 1.7
Standing height 2.3 22.5 98.1 5.1 3.7 -0.9 9.9 3.0 4.4 5.7 -5.1 4.8 2.1 -0.9 -2.4 5.7
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 -0.0 -1.3 -0.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.9 0.8 1.1 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 2.8 3.1 8.5 -2.3 -2.5 0.4 -1.4 -0.7 -2.9 -0.4 2.4 -1.7 -1.6 -0.6 1.5 -2.0
Breastfed as a baby 1.8 2.3 5.5 1.2 1.3 -1.0 2.4 1.2 2.2 0.3 -2.0 1.3 -0.4 2.0 -1.7 1.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.1 1.9 8.2 0.6 1.1 1.4 -0.5 1.7 1.3 -0.2 -1.3 0.2 -2.9 2.3 -0.7 0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.4 3.6 11.6 -2.4 -1.0 -0.2 -1.5 0.1 0.2 -3.4 0.1 -2.3 -1.6 -1.0 -2.9 -3.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.0 2.4 5.9 -1.8 -1.8 1.1 -2.2 0.6 -2.4 -0.4 2.0 -1.4 -0.8 -0.3 1.8 -1.5
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 3.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.8 1.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.8 -0.5 -0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.1 0.5 -0.0 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.9 -0.7 0.9 -0.7 0.2 0.3 1.4
Pulse wave reflection index 1.6 2.0 5.5 -0.3 -0.9 2.2 -2.0 1.5 -1.3 0.2 1.3 0.6 1.6 1.3 2.3 0.8
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.6 -0.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.9 1.0 2.6 -1.2 -1.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.0 -1.4 -1.0 1.6 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.3 -1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 2.5 3.2 10.0 -2.0 -1.8 0.9 -3.2 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 1.7 -2.0 -1.0 -1.7 0.9 -2.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.9 1.5 -1.3 -0.7 1.8 0.6 0.2 1.3 0.2 0.7 0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 4.2 7.0 16.7 -3.3 -3.0 -0.8 -3.7 -2.5 -4.1 -1.2 3.3 -2.9 -0.4 -1.5 1.3 -2.9
Headache pain in last month 2.1 3.6 8.3 -2.7 -1.8 0.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 1.3 -2.9 -1.1 -2.6 -1.3 -2.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.6 2.6 7.3 1.5 1.4 -0.3 2.7 1.1 2.3 0.5 -2.6 1.3 0.8 -0.5 -2.0 1.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.7 2.0 8.1 1.4 0.8 -0.8 2.8 1.2 1.4 1.3 -1.7 1.1 -1.1 1.1 -1.1 1.5
Gout (self-reported) 3.0 4.1 11.1 -2.4 -2.4 0.6 -2.1 -0.9 -3.3 1.5 3.1 -1.9 0.1 0.3 2.8 -1.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -0.3
Medication: Amlodipine 1.9 2.6 7.3 2.7 1.4 0.7 -0.2 2.3 0.3 1.4 -0.6 2.3 -0.5 1.7 1.3 2.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.8 0.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.3
Birth weight 1.6 3.5 8.7 2.1 2.4 -0.6 2.0 1.6 3.0 1.2 -2.6 1.7 -0.1 0.8 -1.8 1.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.7 -1.5 0.6 -1.1 0.3 -1.6 -0.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 1.1 -0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 5.0 7.1 19.3 -3.1 -3.3 -0.5 -4.4 -2.3 -3.6 -1.7 3.5 -2.5 0.1 -0.7 2.4 -2.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.7 2.6 14.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 3.7 0.9 1.8 0.6 -2.6 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 -2.2 1.5
Body fat percentage 2.6 10.2 23.9 -3.9 -3.8 -0.5 -4.9 -2.1 -4.3 -1.7 4.7 -3.0 -0.7 -1.5 2.2 -3.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.0 7.2 20.6 -3.3 -3.2 -0.3 -4.5 -1.1 -3.5 -1.7 3.7 -2.6 -1.2 -0.6 1.7 -3.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.8 18.3 0.2 -1.4 0.2 2.4 1.3 -1.9 4.3 1.5 1.0 1.6 -2.1 2.3 1.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.5 1.9 5.1 -1.7 -1.7 -0.0 -1.3 -0.1 -2.2 -0.4 1.7 -1.6 -1.4 -1.3 0.7 -1.7
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.6 2.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 1.3 -0.4 0.7 0.2 -1.0 0.3 0.6 1.6 -0.9 0.6
Number of full brothers 1.8 2.2 5.7 -1.7 -2.3 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 1.7 -2.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.8 -2.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.9 3.2 9.0 2.0 1.3 2.3 1.2 1.6 0.5 3.0 -0.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.7 3.5 10.7 -1.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.9 -1.3 1.1 -3.1 -0.3 -2.4 0.6 -1.3 -3.3 -3.1
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 3.0 5.4 11.6 -2.5 -2.3 -0.2 -3.4 -1.6 -3.2 -0.6 3.4 -2.0 -1.2 -2.4 2.4 -2.3
Number of children fathered 1.2 1.4 3.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 -1.6 -1.9 -0.9 -1.2 1.5 -1.2 -0.0 -1.0 0.8 -1.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.7 0.8 2.5 1.3 1.6 0.6 0.8 -0.7 1.0 1.3 -1.0 0.5 0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.7
Age at first live birth 1.1 1.9 5.5 1.7 2.3 -0.9 1.5 -0.5 1.5 0.4 -1.6 1.3 2.0 -0.6 -0.7 1.1
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.1 1.2 3.3 1.7 1.8 0.7 1.6 -0.1 1.6 0.3 -1.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.6
Health satisfaction 4.1 5.4 12.6 -3.3 -2.5 -1.2 -1.9 -2.0 -2.5 -1.3 2.8 -3.4 -1.8 -0.3 0.2 -3.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.8 0.4 -1.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 2.4 7.5 25.2 -2.8 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -3.8 1.3 -5.0 -1.3 -3.4 -0.6 -1.6 -4.2 -3.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.5 0.6 2.8 0.4 0.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 1.7 0.6 0.1 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.9 2.2 6.8 -2.1 -2.6 1.7 -0.3 -0.6 -2.0 0.5 1.9 -1.6 -0.6 0.8 1.4 -1.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 4.9 5.5 11.2 -2.8 -3.3 -0.7 -3.1 -0.4 -3.2 -2.6 2.7 -2.4 -2.3 -1.0 1.1 -2.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 2.8 4.8 10.6 2.3 1.5 0.2 3.2 2.2 3.1 0.9 -2.7 2.1 -0.1 3.3 -0.9 2.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.9 2.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.6 6.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.5 -2.6 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 1.3 -1.2
Angina (self-reported) 3.3 4.3 18.5 -2.1 -1.0 0.0 -4.3 -0.8 -2.6 -1.7 2.7 -2.0 -0.7 -0.0 2.0 -2.4
Migraine (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 4.3 0.8 0.7 2.0 0.6 -2.1 1.3 1.1 -0.6 0.6 0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.8 0.9 4.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.6 -1.7 -2.1 -0.0 -1.1
Medication: Allopurinol 2.3 3.1 9.8 -2.0 -1.6 1.0 -2.2 -0.2 -3.1 0.9 2.6 -1.7 -0.2 -0.3 2.3 -1.2
Medication: Omeprazole 1.5 1.8 6.0 1.7 1.3 2.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 1.1 -0.3 1.8 2.4 -0.4 0.6 1.7
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.0 1.1 5.5 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.9 1.1 -0.4 1.2 0.4 0.5 1.4 -2.4 0.8 0.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.6 5.2 -1.0 -1.5 -0.3 -1.6 -0.7 -2.3 0.7 2.0 -0.2 0.7 -0.4 2.0 -0.4
Heart disease (mother) 2.0 2.4 5.2 -2.1 -2.3 0.3 -1.9 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -0.3 0.5 -2.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 3.3 0.7 0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 1.8 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.7
Whole body fat mass 2.0 8.3 20.8 -3.6 -3.9 -0.5 -3.4 -1.6 -4.3 -0.4 4.6 -2.6 -0.1 -2.1 2.3 -2.9
Leg fat mass (right) 1.9 7.4 18.3 -3.4 -3.7 -0.4 -3.4 -1.0 -4.2 -0.4 4.3 -2.5 -0.2 -1.6 2.3 -2.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.8 3.9 17.9 -0.1 -1.7 0.1 2.3 0.9 -2.1 4.2 1.8 0.6 1.8 -2.3 2.3 1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 2.3 7.5 16.1 -3.3 -4.0 0.1 -3.0 -2.0 -3.9 0.4 3.8 -2.5 -0.4 -2.5 2.6 -2.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.6 2.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -1.4 0.6 -0.9 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 3.2 17.6 54.2 5.1 3.7 -0.7 7.4 2.6 3.2 6.0 -3.9 5.2 1.9 0.1 -0.5 5.9
Number of full sisters 1.4 1.7 4.1 -1.3 -1.3 0.9 -1.8 -0.3 -2.0 -1.0 1.8 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6 1.5 -1.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.7 1.1 2.6 1.5 1.6 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.4 -1.2 1.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.9
Overall health rating 5.1 11.0 21.1 -4.2 -3.4 -1.4 -4.6 -2.9 -4.2 -0.7 4.5 -4.1 -1.8 -1.9 1.7 -4.1
Chest pain or discomfort 1.8 2.7 8.0 -1.9 -1.1 0.2 -2.8 -1.6 -2.2 -0.9 1.8 -1.7 -1.5 0.2 1.1 -1.9
Had major operations 1.7 2.0 5.5 -1.1 -1.6 1.0 -1.6 0.5 -2.2 0.4 2.4 -0.6 1.2 -1.1 1.9 -0.7
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.6 1.3 -1.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 -0.9 -1.3 0.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.9 0.0
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 3.8 -0.4 1.0 0.6 0.4 -1.5 0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4 -0.1 -1.0 -1.9 -1.4
Leg pain on walking 0.7 0.8 2.4 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 -1.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.0 1.3 2.8 -0.1 -1.1 0.2 -1.4 1.7 -1.4 0.1 1.6 -0.5 -1.6 -0.1 1.7 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5 1.3 -1.2 1.0 1.2 0.8 -1.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 5.2 6.4 16.1 3.5 2.8 0.7 1.9 1.8 2.5 2.4 -2.3 4.0 1.9 2.0 0.6 3.8
Medication: Aspirin 2.1 2.8 7.0 -1.4 0.2 0.2 -2.6 -2.0 -1.1 -2.2 1.4 -2.1 -0.7 -2.3 -0.2 -2.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 3.4 4.0 6.9 2.4 2.4 0.4 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.3 -2.6 2.6 0.2 1.1 -1.7 2.4
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 3.7 -0.8 -1.1 0.3 0.1 -0.9 -1.5 1.9 1.2 -0.1 0.7 -1.8 1.6 0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 2.6 7.1 20.2 -2.9 -2.9 0.6 -4.5 -0.1 -3.6 -2.0 3.4 -2.5 -2.5 -1.9 1.9 -2.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.0 1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.4 1.1 0.2 -1.0 0.1 1.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.9 1.2 3.5 1.2 1.9 1.7 0.7 0.0 1.2 -0.0 -1.8 1.0 0.0 0.8 -0.6 1.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.8 1.0 4.4 -0.9 -1.5 0.1 -0.8 0.2 -2.1 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.4 -0.1 1.8 -0.2
Smoking status: Previous 0.9 1.4 5.2 -0.8 -1.1 1.2 -2.3 0.6 -1.6 0.2 1.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 1.6 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.9 3.9 14.9 1.9 1.5 -1.3 3.9 1.6 2.5 1.8 -2.7 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -2.0 1.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.7 3.8 15.8 -0.5 -1.7 0.0 2.4 0.5 -2.2 4.0 1.8 0.3 2.0 -2.7 1.9 1.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.0 5.3 14.1 -1.9 -2.8 0.0 0.6 -0.5 -3.8 3.0 3.3 -0.8 2.1 -3.2 2.7 -0.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 4.3 17.3 36.9 -5.4 -4.9 -0.8 -6.1 -3.1 -5.5 -2.5 5.8 -4.3 -0.7 -2.4 2.4 -4.9
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 0.2 -0.5
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.1 3.1 0.9 0.1 0.5 1.2 1.3 0.6 1.6 -0.7 1.5 -0.7 -0.0 0.4 1.8
Mood swings 1.0 1.7 4.5 -1.6 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 -2.0 -0.3 -1.5 -1.8 0.1 -2.1 -1.9
Loneliness, isolation 2.6 3.6 8.8 -2.7 -2.7 -0.3 -1.5 -1.4 -2.0 -1.4 1.4 -2.3 -3.0 -0.6 -0.3 -2.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 6.3 9.6 22.6 -4.1 -2.5 -1.2 -3.0 -3.5 -2.6 -3.3 2.7 -4.4 -1.0 -3.0 -1.3 -4.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 2.9 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7 -1.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 3.3 5.4 9.6 -3.0 -2.3 -2.0 -2.6 -1.9 -2.9 -1.3 3.1 -3.0 -1.8 -0.3 1.0 -2.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.4 0.4 1.9 -0.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.4 0.5 -0.2
Friendships satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.9 -1.6 -0.7
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.4 3.7 16.7 -1.9 -1.2 -0.6 1.8 -1.9 1.2 -3.0 -1.6 -1.9 -0.5 -0.3 -4.1 -1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.0 1.0 4.2 0.1 0.7 -0.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 -1.5 -1.6 0.0 -0.8 0.6 -2.0 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.2 -0.5 -1.4 0.3 0.3 -0.7 1.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.8 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.9 1.4 5.8 -0.7 0.2 1.2 -2.4 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2 0.5 -1.7
Medication for cholesterol 1.3 1.9 5.4 1.2 1.6 -0.6 2.3 0.2 2.0 -0.3 -2.0 1.1 0.5 1.5 -1.6 0.8
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 1.0 4.2 0.9 0.2 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.2 2.0 -0.2 0.8 0.4 -1.6 0.8 1.1
Back pain experienced in last month 1.7 2.5 6.6 -2.6 -1.7 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -0.9 0.9 -2.4 -1.2 -2.2 -0.7 -2.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 3.5 4.7 10.2 -2.5 -2.4 -1.4 -3.2 -1.9 -2.5 -0.9 3.0 -2.5 0.0 -0.7 1.6 -2.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.4 0.4 -0.5 1.0 0.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 1.3 1.2 0.2 -0.3 1.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.9 2.3 -1.2 -1.5 0.4 -0.9 0.4 -1.4 -1.0 1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 -0.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 7.3 1.0 1.7 0.7 1.9 1.2 2.3 -0.3 -2.4 0.9 0.4 0.3 -2.7 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.9 -1.2 -1.5 0.6 -0.9 0.4 -2.0 -0.6 1.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.9 1.1 -0.1
Medication: Aspirin 2.0 2.6 6.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 -2.4 -1.7 -1.0 -2.4 1.0 -1.8 -1.0 -2.5 -0.7 -2.1
Medication: Gliclazide 1.1 1.2 4.7 -1.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 -1.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -2.2 -0.6 0.2 -1.1 -1.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.9 5.7 0.1 0.1 -1.0 0.5 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 2.4 -1.0 0.1
Smoking status: Current 5.6 8.8 18.2 -4.3 -4.2 -1.4 -2.3 -2.5 -3.4 -2.2 2.8 -3.9 -2.4 -2.5 0.3 -3.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.8 1.7 4.0 1.3 0.5 2.0 0.9 0.8 0.5 1.2 -0.9 1.6 1.0 2.0 0.6 2.0
Whole body water mass 0.7 3.9 15.8 -0.6 -1.9 -0.1 2.3 0.6 -2.4 4.0 1.9 0.3 1.9 -2.7 1.9 0.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.0 5.4 14.8 -1.9 -2.8 0.0 0.5 -0.5 -3.9 3.0 3.4 -0.9 2.0 -3.1 2.7 -0.4
Arm fat mass (left) 3.3 13.6 30.8 -4.8 -4.9 -0.4 -4.5 -2.5 -5.4 -0.9 5.5 -3.6 -0.1 -2.8 2.6 -3.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 4.8 8.2 19.8 -3.5 -3.8 0.0 -4.5 -0.3 -3.8 -2.1 3.8 -2.6 -2.9 -0.1 1.5 -3.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 2.4 3.2 7.3 -2.4 -2.7 -1.8 -1.2 -2.0 -1.4 -2.6 1.4 -2.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 -2.0
Miserableness 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.8 0.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -1.4 0.8 -1.4 -1.2
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.7 0.9 -0.2 1.3 0.9 1.6 0.3 -1.1 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -1.0 0.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 3.2 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.8 -1.2 -1.1 1.1 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 0.1 -1.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 1.8 -1.3 -1.2 0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -1.2 0.2 1.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 1.2 -1.2
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.5 3.1 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 -1.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Mother’s age at death 5.3 6.6 13.8 3.7 3.0 0.2 2.6 2.4 3.3 1.6 -3.5 3.1 -0.8 0.7 -1.3 3.5
Financial situation satisfaction 2.0 2.5 5.9 -1.8 -1.9 -0.2 -2.2 0.1 -2.4 0.1 2.1 -2.1 -1.0 -1.3 1.2 -1.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.5 1.8 10.2 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -1.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.4 1.0 -1.7 -3.2 1.0 0.2 -1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.4 0.4 3.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -1.9 0.2 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.7 0.8 3.8 0.6 -0.0 -0.5 2.0 0.6 0.5 1.3 -0.7 0.4 -1.3 0.9 -0.2 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 2.1 4.1 13.6 -2.0 -2.7 0.9 -3.7 0.2 -2.9 -0.7 3.0 -1.5 -0.5 0.0 2.4 -1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.5 1.9 6.0 -1.8 -2.4 0.6 -1.7 -0.1 -1.7 -0.4 1.8 -1.3 -0.3 -1.6 1.3 -1.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 4.3 5.7 12.3 2.6 2.9 1.7 3.5 1.3 3.5 0.7 -3.4 2.3 0.5 1.4 -2.1 2.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.6 1.1 2.6 -0.5 -0.7 1.3 -1.5 0.9 -1.6 1.0 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.0 1.6 -0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.3 3.5 -0.3 -1.4 -0.8 -1.9 1.6 -1.3 -0.5 1.6 0.5 0.0 0.9 1.6 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 3.4 5.3 12.1 -2.8 -2.6 -1.0 -3.3 -2.3 -3.5 -1.3 2.8 -2.4 -0.0 -1.5 1.1 -2.5
Medication: Lisinopril 1.3 1.7 7.1 -0.4 -1.1 1.2 -1.5 2.7 -1.7 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.8 0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.9 1.7 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.3 0.1 -1.2 -0.8 1.1 -0.8 0.2 -1.1 -0.2 -1.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 3.0 3.7 7.5 -2.0 -2.7 0.7 -2.7 -1.6 -2.6 -0.6 2.5 -1.4 -0.9 -1.7 2.1 -1.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.3 0.4 -1.5 0.2 -0.0 0.2 1.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.0
Ever smoked 2.0 3.5 7.2 -2.6 -2.3 0.4 -2.4 -1.4 -2.7 -0.9 2.1 -1.7 -0.4 -2.1 1.2 -1.9
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.8 10.6 -1.2 -2.4 -0.0 1.4 0.0 -2.9 3.3 2.5 -0.4 1.7 -2.8 2.1 0.2
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.6 9.3 24.8 -3.6 -3.7 -0.0 -5.0 -1.2 -4.3 -1.3 4.6 -2.7 -0.7 -0.8 2.7 -3.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.3 11.4 -1.1 -2.4 0.2 1.8 0.5 -2.5 3.4 2.1 -0.2 1.3 -2.4 1.8 0.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.0 1.5 4.5 -0.6 -1.6 0.8 -1.5 0.8 -2.1 0.6 1.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 2.1 -0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.0 3.8 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 -0.7 1.9 1.0 0.4 1.8 -1.0 1.0 0.2
Irritability 1.8 3.0 13.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 2.4 -2.2 -2.1 -1.8 -1.5 0.8 -3.7 -1.8
Risk taking 6.7 9.8 21.5 -4.6 -4.6 -1.6 -3.5 -2.6 -3.4 -2.6 3.0 -3.7 -1.9 -2.4 -0.0 -3.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.6 0.7 2.0 1.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.8 0.7 -0.0 1.1 -0.5 1.0 -1.4 0.6 0.5 1.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.4 1.8 6.6 1.2 1.6 -0.5 1.4 -0.4 0.9 1.6 -1.1 1.5 2.6 -0.3 -1.0 1.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.4 -1.4 1.4 0.2 0.3
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 3.2 9.8 17.7 -4.1 -4.2 -0.5 -3.6 -2.4 -3.9 -1.7 4.1 -3.5 -1.2 -3.1 1.5 -3.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 4.9 6.0 13.9 -3.5 -1.8 -0.3 -2.1 -3.1 -1.5 -2.8 1.5 -3.4 -2.0 -2.1 -1.8 -3.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 4.3 5.5 10.9 -3.3 -2.7 0.9 -2.9 -2.6 -2.8 -1.5 2.6 -3.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.6 -3.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.3 1.6 3.6 1.5 1.6 1.2 0.8 -1.0 1.2 1.0 -1.8 1.9 0.8 0.1 -0.6 1.5
Myopia 0.7 1.0 3.3 0.1 1.2 0.7 -0.6 1.0 1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 1.8 -1.4 -0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 3.5 9.6 27.0 3.6 3.5 0.1 5.2 0.3 4.0 2.9 -3.8 3.0 3.1 1.3 -1.8 3.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 0.2 -1.1 0.6 1.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 1.1 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.0 1.3 3.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.5 1.6 1.8 -0.4 0.2 1.3
Pain experienced in last month 1.6 2.6 8.6 2.3 1.3 -0.1 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.5 -1.1 2.1 1.0 2.9 1.0 2.5
Supplements: Calcium 1.3 1.5 5.3 0.9 1.2 0.1 1.6 0.5 1.4 -0.6 -2.1 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -2.3 0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 3.8 -1.2 -1.4 0.5 -1.1 -0.2 -1.2 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.9 -0.2 -0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.7 3.5 9.9 -2.1 -1.4 -1.9 -3.1 -1.2 -2.2 -1.7 2.3 -1.8 -1.4 0.4 1.3 -2.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.3 -0.2 -0.4 1.1 1.4 -1.1 -0.7 1.5 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.3 0.1
Heart disease (siblings) 0.4 0.5 3.0 -0.4 -0.3 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 4.1 4.7 9.3 -3.0 -2.5 0.5 -2.1 -1.9 -1.7 -3.0 1.2 -3.0 -1.0 -2.0 -1.1 -2.8
Pack years of smoking 6.5 9.6 18.9 -4.3 -4.0 -0.0 -3.3 -2.9 -4.3 -1.1 3.8 -3.6 -2.1 -1.9 1.3 -3.8
Impedance of whole body 1.8 9.2 27.0 3.3 3.9 -0.9 3.0 1.0 5.2 -1.4 -4.9 2.0 -1.1 2.6 -3.8 1.8
Leg fat mass (left) 2.4 9.3 23.3 -3.8 -4.1 -0.3 -3.7 -1.2 -4.8 -0.3 4.8 -2.7 -0.2 -1.9 2.8 -3.0
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.8 11.9 -1.1 -2.6 0.2 1.4 0.5 -2.8 3.4 2.5 -0.2 1.3 -2.5 2.2 0.4