Hub : Genes

ARAP1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1209 0.0431 1.5e-03 0.000 NA 0.002 NA 0.003 2.9e-01 NA 1.9e-01 NA 1.7e-01
2 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.2730 0.0510 8.0e-11 0.248 NA 0.216 NA 0.257 1.1e-16 NA 1.7e-14 NA 2.7e-17
3 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.2380 0.0720 1.6e-05 0.195 NA 0.099 NA 0.161 6.0e-11 NA 4.3e-06 NA 3.6e-09
4 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.2100 0.0520 1.6e-06 0.127 NA 0.124 NA 0.127 1.2e-10 NA 2.0e-10 NA 1.2e-10
5 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0530 0.0213 1.4e-03 0.040 0.017 0.022 0.021 0.026 5.5e-06 0.00250 6.3e-04 0.00076 2.2e-04
6 YFS Blood 0.0171 0.0087 5.8e-03 0.011 0.005 0.001 0.005 0.007 8.1e-05 0.00790 1.5e-01 0.00790 2.3e-03
7 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.2620 0.0940 5.0e-05 0.007 0.038 0.044 NA 0.018 5.9e-02 0.00011 3.9e-05 NA 6.8e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.8 -0.0 0.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.1 2.6 5.0 0.6 -1.8 -1.9 -2.2 2.2 0.5 1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.3 -0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.7
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 2.1 6.6 10.3 2.9 -3.2 -3.2 -3.0 2.1 -1.5 1.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.1 -1.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.4 5.6 0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 2.4 0.7 0.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.2 0.3 1.5 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 2.1 -0.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 1.3 1.4 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.5 1.5 -1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.8 1.2 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.3 0.3 1.9 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 2.6 5.6 7.3 -2.4 2.5 2.7 2.7 -2.0 1.6 2.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.0 2.3 6.3 -1.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 -1.1 1.0 2.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 2.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.0 1.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.5 0.5 2.4 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -1.6 0.6
Reaction Time 1.2 2.4 5.5 -2.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 -0.1 0.1 1.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.4 3.3 7.2 1.1 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 1.9 -0.4 2.7
Breast Cancer 2.0 4.7 7.4 2.5 -2.7 -2.7 -2.6 1.3 -0.7 -1.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 -1.0
Prostate Cancer 0.6 0.9 2.6 -0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.3 1.6 1.3
Age at First Birth 2.7 4.0 7.5 2.1 -2.7 -2.7 -2.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.5 2.1 3.7 -1.6 1.9 1.9 1.6 -0.4 0.4 1.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.8 1.0 1.4 0.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.1 1.8 4.8 -0.9 1.4 1.4 1.4 -2.2 1.0 0.6
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.1 0.3
Fasting Glucose 8.1 9.7 20.9 3.0 -2.6 -3.1 -3.0 -1.2 -3.4 -4.6
HbA1C 4.2 4.7 6.5 2.0 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 1.4 -2.2 -2.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 3.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2
LDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 -1.2
Lupus 1.3 2.0 5.8 -2.3 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.1 1.1 2.4
Neuroticism (2016) 1.1 1.5 4.0 -2.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 -1.0 0.5 -0.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.5 2.1 9.1 -0.7 1.2 0.9 0.9 -3.0 -1.1 -1.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.5 7.0 -1.1 0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.2 0.9 2.7
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.1 2.4 4.6 1.0 -1.8 -1.8 -2.1 1.9 0.1 1.1
Triglycerides 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.0 0.2 1.5 0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 8.0 9.2 16.7 4.1 -2.6 -3.0 -2.8 0.1 -3.2 -3.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 1.4
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.5 3.9 9.2 -0.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 -3.0 2.2 -1.9
Blood Platelet Count 1.8 21.4 35.3 -2.0 5.9 5.5 5.6 -5.6 -3.6 -2.2
Blood Red Count 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 0.2
Blood White Count 0.9 6.8 12.4 -0.5 3.5 3.3 3.3 -3.4 -1.2 -0.7
Heel T-Score 2.2 17.6 31.9 3.6 -5.6 -5.7 -5.2 2.9 -2.4 -2.4
BMI 2.1 12.1 22.4 -2.8 4.6 4.7 4.7 -2.7 1.5 1.1
Height 0.9 16.7 31.5 -3.9 5.6 5.5 5.6 -3.0 0.1 0.6
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.1 4.5 2.1 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4 1.5 -0.5 -1.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.5 2.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.9 1.5
Smoking Status 3.8 9.0 16.3 -3.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 -2.2 0.6 1.3
Allergy or Eczema 2.8 7.3 10.6 2.1 -3.0 -3.3 -3.2 1.7 -1.9 -3.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.7 1.6 -1.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 -1.0 1.2
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.0 2.4 7.7 -2.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 1.7 2.8 1.2
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.2 2.2 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 1.3 -1.5 -0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 8.5 15.9 29.4 5.4 -3.3 -3.9 -3.7 -1.3 -3.6 -5.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 6.3 31.8 43.8 -6.0 6.4 6.6 6.1 -4.8 5.3 3.6
Lung FVC 2.3 11.8 17.0 3.7 -4.0 -4.1 -3.8 1.8 -4.1 -1.4
Neuroticism 0.5 1.1 2.8 -1.7 0.4 0.5 0.1 1.1 1.3 1.3
Chronotype (morning person) 2.9 6.7 10.3 -2.4 3.0 3.2 3.2 -0.8 3.0 1.3
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.8
Tanning 0.0 0.4 1.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 1.0 -0.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.2 1.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.5 2.7 4.1 0.6 -2.0 -2.0 -1.8 2.0 -1.7 -0.5
Average weekly spirits intake 0.8 0.9 4.2 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.8 2.1 1.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.2 0.4 1.9 -1.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.7
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.4 -0.8
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 1.3 0.2
Relative age of first facial hair 1.3 2.7 6.8 1.3 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 2.6 0.7 -0.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.8 3.4 -1.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.2 -0.4 0.3
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.0 1.3 3.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 1.8 1.3 1.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.3 2.5 4.0 1.8 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0 1.5 0.6 -1.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.3 3.1 -1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 -0.5 0.1 1.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.6 1.7 2.9 0.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 1.5 0.9 -0.2
Angina 1.0 1.4 2.1 -1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 -0.6 -0.0 -1.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.9
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 -0.8 0.8 0.2
Supplements: Zinc 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0
Medication: Metformin 7.1 10.0 20.2 4.5 -3.3 -3.7 -3.5 0.2 -1.1 -3.5
Diabetes (father) 1.3 1.6 4.3 2.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2 -1.4 -1.5
Diabetes (mother) 9.4 12.0 22.8 4.8 -2.9 -3.2 -3.0 1.3 -3.1 -4.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 1.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 1.4 0.8 -0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.8 2.4 -0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.7 1.5 1.2
Impedance of leg (right) 1.4 6.6 10.9 2.4 -2.8 -2.9 -2.7 2.2 -3.3 -1.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 3.5 18.3 31.3 -3.9 5.5 5.6 5.3 -3.3 2.8 1.8
Trunk fat percentage 1.6 6.2 12.9 -1.9 3.6 3.5 3.4 -1.1 1.2 0.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.9 2.4 -0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.8 1.0 1.6
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.3
Current tobacco smoking 1.7 2.7 5.6 -0.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 -0.5 1.5 0.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9
Maternal smoking around birth 2.3 3.4 6.1 -2.0 2.5 2.4 2.1 -1.5 0.8 0.7
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.7 3.3 -1.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 -1.8 -0.6 -0.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.0 0.7 0.7 0.3 -1.1 0.5 0.6
Relative age voice broke 2.6 3.9 6.3 2.5 -2.3 -2.3 -2.2 1.9 -0.5 -1.4
Taking other prescription medications 1.0 1.5 6.4 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 2.5 -0.7 0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.9 1.0 2.0 1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.4 0.6 -0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.2 2.8 5.2 -0.3 -2.3 -2.2 -2.1 2.1 0.2 0.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.9 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.4 1.2 -0.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.2 1.6 2.9 -1.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 -1.1 0.6 0.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.7 0.8 2.8 -1.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6
High blood pressure 0.3 0.8 1.5 -0.5 1.0 1.1 1.2 -0.1 -1.1 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 2.4 5.2 9.2 2.2 -2.0 -2.4 -2.4 1.5 -2.1 -3.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 0.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 -1.5 -0.4 -1.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.2 -0.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.5 1.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 3.6 4.2 6.8 2.1 -1.9 -2.0 -2.1 2.6 -2.4 0.0
Medication: Atenolol 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.8 0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.2 3.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 1.7 2.0 1.0
Sitting height 0.7 4.8 7.2 -1.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 -2.3 1.6 1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.2 1.4 2.7 1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 1.5 0.7 -0.6
High blood pressure (mother) 0.9 1.3 4.4 1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.5 0.2 2.1
Body mass index (BMI) 1.4 6.2 12.0 -2.0 3.5 3.4 3.2 -1.6 1.4 0.5
Impedance of leg (left) 1.4 7.0 10.7 2.7 -2.9 -3.0 -2.9 1.9 -3.3 -1.4
Leg predicted mass (left) 3.4 17.9 30.7 -3.9 5.5 5.5 5.3 -3.2 2.9 1.9
Trunk fat mass 2.4 10.2 20.2 -2.5 4.5 4.5 4.3 -1.8 1.6 0.8
Waist circumference 1.8 6.7 13.5 -2.3 3.7 3.6 3.4 -1.2 1.2 0.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.7 2.6 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.9 -1.6
Past tobacco smoking 2.0 3.8 7.3 2.7 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 0.4 0.7 -1.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.7 1.2 2.2 1.0 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.4
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.9 1.4 3.3 -1.8 1.3 1.3 1.1 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.8 2.2 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.1 -1.5 0.4 -0.3
Had menopause 3.6 4.4 7.0 2.6 -2.5 -2.6 -2.6 1.7 -1.3 0.3
Had other major operations 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -1.3 1.6 -1.5 0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.6 3.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7 -1.8 -0.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.8 4.0 8.7 -0.3 -2.5 -2.3 -2.4 3.0 0.6 1.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.9 1.1 1.7 0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 0.9 -1.1 -1.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 1.9 3.4 -1.3 1.8 1.9 1.7 0.3 1.2 0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 3.1 4.1 8.8 -2.4 3.0 2.7 2.3 -0.8 -0.6 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems 2.3 3.5 7.8 2.8 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 1.8 -1.0 -0.6
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.0 -1.3
Allergy 1.9 4.3 6.3 -1.7 2.0 2.4 2.5 -1.9 2.0 2.0
Pain all over the body in last month 2.0 2.1 7.3 -0.6 1.4 1.1 0.9 -0.8 -2.7 -1.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 5.1 7.8 19.5 4.0 -2.1 -2.5 -2.4 -0.8 -1.5 -4.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -1.6 -0.3
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.7
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.8
Fluid intelligence score 1.6 3.4 4.2 2.0 -2.1 -2.1 -1.8 2.0 -0.9 1.8
Illnesses of siblings 0.6 0.8 1.7 -0.2 0.8 0.8 0.6 -0.8 1.2 1.3
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.7 2.1 -1.4 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.3
Weight 2.5 12.5 23.8 -3.1 4.9 4.8 4.7 -2.3 1.6 0.9
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.3 2.3 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.3 5.0 10.3 -1.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 -0.7 1.7 0.4
Trunk fat-free mass 1.4 8.1 14.4 -2.2 3.8 3.8 3.6 -2.6 1.4 1.1
Hip circumference 3.2 14.0 24.6 -3.7 4.9 5.0 4.8 -2.9 1.8 0.8
Time employed in main current job 3.8 4.3 7.6 2.2 -2.5 -2.5 -2.3 2.8 0.0 -0.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4
Father’s age at death 0.8 1.0 1.8 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 1.4 0.3 0.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.4 1.2 -0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.1 -0.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 1.5 1.1
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 1.0 -1.1 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.8
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.8 -0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 2.1 4.2 -1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 -2.1 -0.1 0.1
Pulse rate 2.4 4.1 7.4 -1.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 -2.5 0.6 -0.9
Happiness 0.7 0.8 2.0 -1.4 1.1 1.1 0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1
Noisy workplace 0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.7 3.7 7.5 1.4 -2.7 -2.7 -2.6 0.9 -0.4 1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.5 1.7 6.6 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 -1.7 -2.6 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 4.9 8.2 11.7 -3.2 3.3 3.4 3.3 -1.6 2.9 1.9
Asthma 0.3 0.6 2.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.9 -1.4 -0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.7 2.2 4.3 -1.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 -1.3 -0.4 0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.3 5.7 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 -1.3 -2.4
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.9 0.1
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.2 2.1 -0.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 -0.5 0.7 -1.0
Lung cancer (father) 1.1 1.3 2.3 -1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.9
Illnesses of mother 0.9 1.1 4.3 -2.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.2 3.7 -0.8 1.1 1.2 1.2 -1.9 -0.3 0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.3 1.6 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.7 -0.3
Arm fat mass (right) 2.1 8.5 17.6 -2.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 -1.8 1.4 0.5
Trunk predicted mass 1.4 8.1 14.7 -2.2 3.8 3.8 3.6 -2.6 1.4 1.1
Standing height 1.0 9.5 17.2 -2.7 4.1 4.2 4.1 -2.4 0.8 1.0
Length of working week for main job 0.9 1.0 4.8 -0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 2.2 0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.8 0.3 -0.2
Breastfed as a baby 1.3 1.6 3.1 0.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 0.9 1.0 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.4 0.7 1.8 -0.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 1.3 0.8 -0.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.7 2.7 7.4 -2.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 -0.6 -0.3 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.7 4.2 8.8 1.1 -2.9 -3.0 -3.0 1.4 -0.6 -0.3
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 4.1 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 -2.0 -0.6 -0.9
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.7 1.5 3.0 -0.8 1.5 1.4 1.4 -1.7 0.8 -0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 2.5 3.0 5.0 1.7 -1.9 -2.0 -2.2 1.9 -1.6 0.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.0 1.2 5.4 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 -2.3
Loud music exposure frequency 1.2 1.4 4.3 2.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 1.2 -1.6
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.6 2.6 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -1.6 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 1.2 -0.9 -0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.9 3.0 -1.0 0.3 0.1 -0.0 0.4 -1.7 -1.3
Headache pain in last month 1.2 2.1 5.3 0.4 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6 0.4 -2.3 -0.5
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.8 6.8 -0.5 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 2.0 2.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.5 -1.1 -1.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.0 2.0 6.3 -1.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 1.7 2.5 1.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.7 0.9 4.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.9 2.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.0 0.9 -1.1 0.0
Birth weight 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.0 1.2 5.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 2.4 -0.2 1.4
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.9 3.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -1.9 -0.5
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.0 10.6 -1.7 3.3 3.2 3.1 -0.7 1.1 0.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.8 4.3 -0.9 2.1 2.0 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 2.2 11.2 19.6 -3.0 4.4 4.4 4.2 -3.2 1.2 1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.7 0.9 2.2 1.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.7 0.1 -0.5
Comparative body size at age 10 0.5 1.3 2.8 0.2 1.7 1.5 1.1 -1.5 -0.8 0.1
Number of full brothers 1.0 1.3 7.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 2.6 0.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.3 2.2 4.1 -1.9 2.0 2.0 1.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 -0.5 1.2 0.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.7 3.1 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.8 -0.7 0.1
Number of children fathered 4.2 4.8 8.5 -1.8 2.6 2.8 2.9 -2.2 1.1 0.9
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 2.9 3.3 7.8 0.7 -2.5 -2.5 -2.8 1.6 -0.4 0.1
Age at first live birth 2.2 3.9 7.3 1.4 -2.7 -2.6 -2.6 1.6 -0.4 1.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.3 0.3 2.0 -1.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.5
Health satisfaction 1.1 1.4 4.3 -2.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.9 2.7 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 -1.6 -1.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 2.5 7.8 15.5 1.5 -3.9 -3.8 -3.8 2.6 0.4 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.8 0.9 2.1 -1.5 0.9 1.0 1.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.8 1.4 0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 1.2 0.9 -0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 1.0 -0.5 0.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.2 2.0 9.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 3.0 2.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.4 0.6 3.0 0.6 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 -1.7 -0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.4 4.7 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -2.2 -1.5
Angina (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 3.3 -1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.6
Migraine (self-reported) 2.2 2.7 6.5 0.8 -1.8 -1.7 -1.6 2.5 1.0 1.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.6 1.9 3.5 -1.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 -1.3 -0.0 0.8
Medication: Allopurinol 0.8 1.1 3.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.2 -1.9 -1.8
Medication: Omeprazole 1.2 1.4 2.9 -1.5 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.7
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.3 1.5 2.5 1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 1.1 -1.0 0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.5 1.2 -1.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.9
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.5 1.2 1.1 1.2 -0.9 0.0 0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.9 1.1 2.5 -1.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.4
Whole body fat mass 2.3 9.6 18.8 -2.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 -1.7 1.6 0.6
Leg fat mass (right) 1.9 7.5 14.5 -2.6 3.8 3.8 3.6 -1.1 1.2 0.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.9 9.7 16.7 -2.8 4.1 4.1 3.9 -3.0 1.2 0.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 3.2 10.2 16.6 -3.3 3.8 4.0 4.1 -2.3 2.8 0.6
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.0 2.2 4.1 -2.0 1.4 1.5 1.5 -1.6 1.0 1.2
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.3 5.5 -0.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 -0.8 0.5 -0.1
Number of full sisters 2.3 2.8 5.1 -2.3 2.1 2.0 1.9 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.3 0.7 0.7 0.7 -0.5 0.4 -1.2
Overall health rating 1.9 4.1 9.6 -3.1 2.5 2.4 2.3 -1.3 -0.3 0.6
Chest pain or discomfort 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.2 0.1
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 -0.4 1.4 0.7
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.3 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9
Family relationship satisfaction 0.2 0.3 1.9 -1.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.1
Leg pain on walking 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 -1.4 0.2 -0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.6 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.1 1.2 2.7 -1.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 1.6 1.6 1.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 7.1 8.6 14.4 3.2 -3.8 -3.8 -3.8 2.6 0.7 -0.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.8 2.2 0.9 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -1.5 -1.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.0 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 2.3 -0.8 1.1 1.0 1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.9 1.7 -0.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 -0.1 -1.0 0.5
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 0.9 3.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -1.4 -1.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.5 2.1 4.7 0.8 -2.2 -2.1 -1.9 0.6 -0.9 0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 6.3 7.8 11.6 2.4 -3.2 -3.4 -3.2 1.6 -1.6 -3.4
Smoking status: Previous 1.0 1.5 2.6 -1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 -0.8 -1.6 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.4 2.8 4.9 -2.0 1.7 1.8 1.8 -0.9 0.8 2.2
Whole body fat-free mass 2.2 12.3 21.5 -3.0 4.6 4.6 4.4 -3.0 2.1 1.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 3.3 17.4 29.4 -3.8 5.3 5.4 5.2 -3.4 3.0 1.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.6 6.2 12.3 -1.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 -1.1 1.8 0.5
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.4
Mood swings 0.7 1.2 3.5 -1.9 1.3 1.2 0.9 -0.4 0.5 0.7
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.9 2.6 -0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 1.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.5 3.0 0.6 -1.2 -1.4 -1.3 1.5 -1.7 -0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 0.9 2.1 0.0 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 0.2 0.9 0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 6.6 10.8 21.2 4.6 -2.9 -3.3 -3.2 -0.3 -2.0 -4.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4
Friendships satisfaction 0.6 0.8 2.4 -1.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 3.2 5.0 9.2 2.8 -3.0 -2.9 -3.0 0.8 -0.2 0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.6 -1.5 -0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 1.0 0.2 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -1.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.9 1.1 2.3 1.5 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 0.8 -1.3 0.1
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 1.0 -0.6 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.6 1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.8 0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 2.7 -1.1 1.6 1.6 1.5 -1.5 0.2 0.8
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.6 2.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 -1.6 0.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.0 0.6 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.6 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 3.0 1.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 -1.7 -0.8
Medication: Gliclazide 6.3 7.1 11.9 3.5 -3.0 -3.1 -2.7 1.4 -1.1 -3.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 2.5 3.0 5.0 -1.9 2.2 2.2 2.0 -1.0 1.8 -0.0
Smoking status: Current 2.0 3.2 6.7 -1.2 2.6 2.5 2.4 -0.6 1.3 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.5 1.8 1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.2
Whole body water mass 2.1 12.2 21.3 -3.0 4.6 4.6 4.4 -3.0 2.0 1.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 3.3 17.4 29.5 -3.7 5.3 5.4 5.2 -3.4 3.0 1.6
Arm fat mass (left) 2.0 8.2 16.2 -2.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 -1.9 1.5 0.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.6 1.0 3.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 1.8 -1.1 0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3
Miserableness 1.8 3.2 8.4 -2.9 2.0 2.0 1.6 -0.3 0.9 1.6
Guilty feelings 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 2.4 2.7 3.8 1.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 1.9 1.9 -0.8
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 1.4 -0.4 0.4
Hearing aid user 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.9 -0.1
Mother’s age at death 4.1 5.2 8.6 2.9 -2.7 -2.8 -2.7 1.1 -0.9 -1.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.9 0.4 1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.2 1.4 2.4 -0.7 1.4 1.4 1.1 -1.0 1.6 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.4 1.7 5.1 2.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.5 0.6 0.0 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.8 -1.3 0.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.8 1.0 3.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.7 1.8 1.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.7 2.3 4.1 0.3 -1.9 -1.9 -1.7 1.3 -2.0 -0.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.9 1.6 2.6 0.8 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 1.6 0.3 -1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.7 1.1 3.5 1.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.2 -1.9 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.7 2.8 -0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -1.7 -1.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.7 0.9 3.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 1.8 0.8 0.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.2 1.5 3.8 0.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 -1.4 -1.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.6 0.7 4.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.5 2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 3.0 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 -1.7 -0.4 -0.6
Ever smoked 1.0 1.8 3.0 -1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 0.6 -0.2 1.7
Basal metabolic rate 2.5 13.8 24.6 -3.2 5.0 5.0 4.7 -3.0 2.0 1.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 2.0 4.7 -0.8 2.2 2.1 1.9 -0.2 0.5 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.8 9.0 16.2 -2.3 4.0 4.0 3.8 -2.8 1.3 0.8
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 3.0 -1.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.2
Irritability 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.1
Risk taking 1.3 1.9 4.3 -0.2 1.8 1.6 1.7 -2.1 0.2 -0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 3.2 3.7 6.2 1.8 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 1.2 -1.0 -1.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.8 -0.9 0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 5.1 6.3 9.7 2.9 -3.0 -3.1 -3.0 1.8 -2.2 0.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.7 4.0 -1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 -0.4 0.1 2.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.8 1.0 1.9 0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 0.7 -0.7 -1.4
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.4 1.8 4.3 -2.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 2.0 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 2.0 2.4 3.9 1.5 -1.8 -1.9 -2.0 0.1 -1.3 -1.3
Myopia 1.8 2.6 7.7 0.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 2.1 2.8 0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.9 1.8 0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.1 1.1 -0.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.7 2.0 5.3 -2.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.4
Pain experienced in last month 1.3 2.2 4.1 0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 1.9 2.0 1.6
Supplements: Calcium 1.5 1.6 3.0 1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.8 -1.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 4.2 2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -2.0 1.0 0.2 -0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 -0.0 0.3 -1.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.7
Heart disease (siblings) 1.7 2.0 3.7 -1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 -1.2 0.5 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.6 0.7 3.8 -2.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 1.0
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.7 2.6 -0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.6 1.6 1.2
Impedance of whole body 0.5 2.7 4.3 1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 1.1 -2.1 -1.0
Leg fat mass (left) 1.9 7.5 14.3 -2.6 3.8 3.8 3.6 -1.2 1.3 0.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.8 9.1 16.3 -2.5 4.0 4.0 3.8 -2.8 1.4 1.0