Hub : Genes

ATF7IP2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2670 0.0380 0.0e+00 0.252 0.197 0.262 0.251 0.252 2.1e-30 1.7e-23 1.0e-31 2.3e-30 1.8e-30
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.2440 0.0460 1.4e-08 0.131 NA 0.133 NA 0.172 7.6e-11 NA 5.8e-11 NA 5.7e-14
3 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.2620 0.0670 4.8e-04 0.147 NA 0.104 NA 0.125 5.5e-08 NA 5.6e-06 NA 5.5e-07
4 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.2056 0.0894 2.2e-02 0.158 NA 0.023 NA 0.114 1.9e-05 NA 6.7e-02 NA 2.9e-04
5 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.3750 0.0610 2.2e-08 0.170 NA 0.166 NA 0.163 1.9e-11 NA 3.2e-11 NA 4.8e-11
6 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.3620 0.0770 3.5e-05 0.166 NA 0.085 NA 0.136 2.1e-09 NA 2.0e-05 NA 6.8e-08
7 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.2600 0.0480 7.7e-08 0.175 NA 0.187 NA 0.184 2.1e-14 NA 2.1e-15 NA 4.1e-15
8 GTEx Spleen 0.3100 0.1010 6.6e-04 0.112 NA 0.156 NA 0.099 8.3e-04 NA 8.2e-05 NA 1.7e-03
9 GTEx Thyroid 0.2730 0.0750 7.8e-05 0.033 NA 0.079 NA 0.055 1.5e-03 NA 1.2e-06 NA 4.8e-05
10 METSIM Adipose 0.0974 0.0304 9.1e-04 0.044 0.009 0.033 0.033 0.036 3.3e-07 1.3e-02 8.6e-06 8.2e-06 3.1e-06
11 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0778 0.0259 2.7e-04 0.024 0.028 0.026 0.026 0.030 3.7e-04 1.5e-04 2.5e-04 2.3e-04 8.8e-05
12 YFS Blood 0.1118 0.0233 4.4e-10 0.032 0.045 0.056 0.059 0.054 7.5e-11 1.2e-14 7.3e-18 1.4e-18 4.4e-17
13 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1490 0.0480 3.9e-12 0.100 0.112 0.132 NA 0.135 6.0e-10 4.9e-11 7.6e-13 NA 4.4e-13

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.6 3.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -1.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.3 3.0 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0 -1.6 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.5 1.7 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.0 -0.6 0.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.2 3.2 1.5 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.3 -1.0 -0.7 1.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 1.0 -1.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.9 3.2 -1.1 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 1.1 1.8 1.2 0.4 -1.0 -1.0 0.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.4 -0.5 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.1 -1.2 0.7
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.5 1.0 2.8 -0.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 1.7 -0.4
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.9 1.1 3.9 -2.0 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.5 -1.6 -0.6 1.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.8 -0.5 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.4 -0.2 1.1 0.1 -1.2 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.7 2.2 -1.0 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.5 0.6 -0.9 -0.5 0.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.4 2.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5 -0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.5 1.1 3.5 -1.9 1.6 0.7 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.8 -1.4 -0.6 1.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 2.3 4.3 10.0 -3.1 3.2 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.3 0.2 0.7 1.5 -2.6 -1.8 2.8
Major Depression (MDD) 0.8 1.0 6.0 1.4 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.6 2.4 0.3 -0.1 1.3 0.6 -0.8
Reaction Time 1.3 2.5 7.7 1.4 -2.0 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 -1.5 -1.4 0.2 -0.7 -1.4 0.9 2.8 -2.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.1 12.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.7 3.5 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.6
Breast Cancer 1.3 3.1 7.9 -1.2 1.4 2.5 2.6 1.5 2.6 1.6 0.6 -0.9 2.8 0.2 -1.0 1.7
Ovarian Cancer 1.4 1.9 4.3 -1.9 2.1 1.1 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.4 -0.7 0.7 1.4 -1.5 -0.9 1.8
Prostate Cancer 1.6 2.2 4.2 1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.2 -1.7 -0.1 -1.6 -1.2 1.3 2.0 -1.6
Age at First Birth 2.0 2.9 6.4 -0.5 1.0 2.4 1.8 2.5 2.5 1.9 -1.4 -0.2 2.0 0.9 -1.5 1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.6 3.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -1.9 0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.9 -0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.1 1.1 -0.8 -0.6
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.3 0.2
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.8
Fasting Glucose 0.5 0.5 3.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.7 -1.8 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1
HbA1C 2.2 2.4 4.6 1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6 2.1 -0.5 -1.5 0.4 2.2 -1.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.4 3.8 -0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.4
Lupus 0.7 1.0 2.8 1.1 -0.6 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.7 -1.7 1.0 1.1 1.7 -0.4 -0.4
Neuroticism (2016) 0.4 0.6 3.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 1.1 1.7 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.6 -0.4 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.6 -0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.8 0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.5 3.4 -0.0 -0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0 -1.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.3
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 1.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 -0.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.0 1.2 2.6 1.1 -1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -0.9 0.1 0.6 -1.2 0.1 0.7 -1.1
Ulcerative Colitis 1.1 1.5 5.0 -2.2 2.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -1.7 -0.8 1.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.9 3.7 -0.1 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.0 0.3 1.9 0.6 1.2 0.0 -1.1 0.5
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.4 1.7 0.7 -1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 1.3 -0.1 -0.8
Blood Red Count 0.7 7.2 21.3 4.4 -3.9 -1.9 -1.6 -1.6 -2.1 -2.6 -0.1 -0.7 -1.9 4.6 0.7 -3.7
Blood White Count 0.7 5.0 9.7 2.3 -3.0 -2.2 -2.2 -1.8 -2.2 -2.0 0.6 -2.1 -1.9 2.1 2.6 -3.1
Heel T-Score 0.4 3.6 11.3 3.4 -2.7 -1.1 -0.3 -2.0 -1.2 -1.4 -0.3 0.6 -1.6 3.2 0.6 -2.4
BMI 0.3 1.7 15.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 3.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 -0.7
Height 0.1 2.2 5.2 0.7 -0.8 -1.8 -1.4 -2.3 -2.2 -1.9 -0.6 0.3 -2.0 -1.0 1.5 -1.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.6 2.9 8.3 2.5 -2.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -2.3 -2.5 -0.6 2.9 1.0 -1.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.7 3.5 1.2 -0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 -1.9 0.2 1.5 -0.2 -0.4
Smoking Status 1.3 3.1 6.3 -2.5 2.3 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.9 1.9 -0.1 0.3 1.5 -2.2 -1.4 2.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 2.0 4.7 1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.7 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 1.5 -2.2 -1.4 0.4 1.3 -1.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 1.0 3.2 -0.2 -0.3 -1.3 -1.8 -1.1 -1.4 -0.8 0.1 -1.5 -1.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.5
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.0 2.5 1.5 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -1.6 -0.3 1.5 1.6 -1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.9 1.6 4.9 1.3 -1.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8 1.4 -2.2 -0.6 1.0 1.0 -1.3
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 0.9 4.9 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.1 2.2 -2.0 0.4 -0.2 1.4 -0.1
Lung FVC 0.2 1.1 7.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 1.0 2.8 1.8 -0.6 -0.0 -1.2 -0.1
Neuroticism 0.2 0.5 1.1 -1.0 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.4 0.8 3.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.3 -1.6 -1.8 -0.1 1.5 0.6 -0.8
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.7 6.0 -2.3 2.4 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.0 1.0 -1.1 1.8 -1.3 -0.6 2.2
Tanning 0.0 0.5 2.0 1.4 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.6 1.2 -0.3 -0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.5 1.3 10.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 3.2 -0.9 -0.4 -1.7 -0.5 0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 2.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.0 -0.5 0.0 1.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.8 2.8 -0.5 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.5 -0.2 -1.7 0.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 1.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.8 1.2 -1.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.8 2.5 -0.7 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.3 1.2 0.7 -0.1 -1.3 1.6 0.5 -0.5 0.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8 0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.2 0.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.4 2.7 5.8 -0.6 1.2 2.0 2.3 1.5 1.9 1.5 -0.5 1.1 2.4 0.8 -2.3 1.5
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.6 -0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.9 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.5
Angina 2.4 3.2 5.7 2.3 -2.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.7 -2.1 -1.8 0.7 -0.1 -2.3 1.2 1.2 -2.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 3.5 3.9 6.7 -2.0 2.3 2.2 2.6 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.2 -0.6 2.3 -0.4 -2.3 2.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.7 1.0 3.9 1.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.1 2.0 1.7 -0.5 0.9 -1.6 -0.6
Supplements: Zinc 1.0 1.1 11.9 -0.4 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.5 0.1 -3.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.5
Medication: Co-codamol 2.7 3.1 5.6 0.1 -0.8 -2.4 -2.2 -2.3 -2.1 -2.0 1.4 -0.7 -2.4 -1.5 2.1 -1.1
Medication: Metformin 3.1 4.3 7.4 2.1 -2.6 -2.1 -2.1 -2.7 -1.9 -2.0 1.1 -1.7 -1.9 1.2 2.2 -2.6
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.1 1.2 -0.6 -0.1
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 3.3 -0.7 0.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 -1.4 -0.7 0.3 -1.7 -1.8 0.7 -0.2
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.7 0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.9 2.9 6.8 0.6 -1.6 -2.3 -2.6 -2.0 -2.3 -1.7 0.7 0.2 -2.2 -0.4 1.5 -1.6
Impedance of leg (right) 0.9 4.4 27.0 -0.9 1.4 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.8 0.6 -5.2 0.2 2.4 1.0 -1.3 1.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.3 16.8 0.1 -0.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.8 -2.0 -1.3 4.1 0.0 -2.3 -1.8 1.2 -1.0
Trunk fat percentage 1.0 3.9 7.2 1.1 -1.7 -2.5 -2.6 -2.7 -2.3 -2.5 0.6 -1.1 -2.3 -0.1 1.9 -2.1
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.3 6.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.3 2.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.7 0.5 0.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.5 2.1 4.8 -1.3 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.4 2.2 1.4 -0.4 -0.9 1.8 0.2 -0.4 1.8
Current tobacco smoking 2.0 3.2 5.9 -2.4 2.4 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 0.2 1.6 -1.9 -1.3 2.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 2.6 -1.0 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.6 -1.2 0.5 -0.5 1.1 0.9
Maternal smoking around birth 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.0
Fed-up feelings 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 1.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 1.4 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.8
Relative age voice broke 1.2 1.8 4.1 -2.0 1.7 1.5 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.4 -0.9 -0.3 1.9 -0.8 -0.8 1.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.9 1.5 4.7 0.0 -0.7 -1.5 -1.8 -2.2 -1.4 -0.9 1.1 -0.3 -1.5 -1.3 0.1 -0.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.2 2.8 6.2 1.3 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 -2.5 -1.3 -2.0 1.1 1.1 -2.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.5 1.8 2.9 1.7 -1.6 -1.2 -0.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 1.0 -1.4 -0.9 1.5 1.7 -1.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.0 2.2 4.4 2.1 -2.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -1.7 1.8 -1.0 2.1 -0.4 -2.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 2.0 2.1 4.2 -2.1 2.0 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.7 1.5 -1.3 -0.9 1.9
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.3 3.2 0.1 -0.3 -1.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.4 -1.3 1.7 0.2 -1.4 -1.8 0.9 -0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.8 2.2 4.2 1.2 -1.4 -2.0 -2.0 -1.6 -2.1 -1.8 0.2 -1.0 -1.8 -0.1 0.9 -1.6
High blood pressure 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 0.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.5 4.5 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 2.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 4.2 -0.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 -2.0 -0.3 0.8 -0.5 1.0 0.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.8 0.5 -1.7 -0.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.9
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.8 2.3 4.5 -0.9 1.4 2.0 1.5 2.1 1.9 2.1 0.2 -0.4 2.0 0.1 -1.2 1.6
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 2.2 0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -1.3 0.1 1.4 -1.0
Medication: Atenolol 2.1 2.6 4.7 1.5 -1.9 -2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.4 0.9 -1.2 -2.0 -0.1 0.7 -2.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.5
Sitting height 0.3 2.4 7.6 -2.6 2.3 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.6 -1.6 1.7 0.5 -2.8 0.1 1.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.4 4.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 2.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.0
High blood pressure (mother) 1.6 2.3 4.8 -1.4 1.6 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.5 1.9 -0.6 1.1 1.3 -1.3 -1.6 1.7
Body mass index (BMI) 0.7 3.0 11.1 0.8 -1.2 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.7 -1.6 3.3 -0.9 -2.0 -0.6 0.9 -1.4
Impedance of leg (left) 1.1 5.3 26.1 -1.0 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.2 1.1 -5.1 0.7 2.7 1.0 -1.7 1.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.2 16.8 0.1 -0.4 -1.9 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 -1.2 4.1 0.1 -2.2 -1.8 1.0 -0.9
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.4 6.1 0.7 -1.3 -2.3 -2.5 -2.5 -2.2 -2.3 1.5 -0.9 -2.2 -0.7 1.7 -1.7
Waist circumference 0.8 3.0 5.0 1.2 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -2.1 -1.8 -1.9 1.7 -1.4 -2.2 -0.2 1.6 -1.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.0 1.6 16.8 0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -4.1 1.4 0.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.3
Past tobacco smoking 1.2 2.2 6.3 2.5 -2.2 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 0.2 -0.4 -1.2 2.2 0.9 -1.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.4 2.2 4.4 0.5 -0.0 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.4 2.1 2.0 -1.2 0.5
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 -1.3 0.0 0.7 -0.0 -0.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.5 1.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.7 1.1 -0.3 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.8 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 1.2 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.1 1.4 3.6 0.3 -0.5 -1.3 -0.7 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.6 -1.9 -1.4 0.1 1.7 -0.7
Had menopause 0.3 0.4 1.2 -1.0 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -1.1 0.8
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 2.4 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -1.5 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.4 1.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -0.4 0.7 0.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.7 4.7 2.2 -1.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 0.1 -1.3 2.1 -0.4 2.2 -0.8 -1.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.9 3.2 -1.6 1.3 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.1 0.0 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -1.8 -0.8 1.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 1.8 0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 1.3 -0.6 0.9 -0.3 -1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.8 3.7 -1.8 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 -1.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.9 0.0 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.8
Heart attack 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.4 -1.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 -1.4 0.1 1.7 0.2 -1.1
Allergy 0.2 0.6 4.3 -0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.3 -2.1 0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.0 0.4
Pain all over the body in last month 1.1 1.2 2.6 -1.1 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.6 1.3 0.8 -1.2 0.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.9 1.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.6 2.4 5.3 1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -2.3 -1.3 -1.5 1.1 -1.7 -1.3 1.0 1.3 -1.9
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.6 -1.3 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 -0.7 1.0 -1.6 -0.3 1.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.9 1.1 2.3 1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 0.2 -1.4 -1.1 1.2 -0.2 -1.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 1.1 -0.4 -0.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.8 5.2 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.1 2.3 0.8 0.7 0.4 -1.0 0.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.2
Neuroticism score 0.4 0.8 2.7 -0.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -1.7 0.9
Weight 0.7 3.4 8.5 0.2 -0.8 -2.2 -2.2 -2.2 -2.2 -1.9 2.9 -0.4 -2.5 -1.6 1.2 -1.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.4 14.7 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -3.8 -0.8 0.0 0.5 1.1 -0.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.8 3.0 5.6 0.5 -1.0 -2.2 -2.4 -2.2 -1.9 -1.9 2.0 -1.2 -2.1 -0.9 1.5 -1.4
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.8 9.5 -1.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 3.1 1.1 -0.8 -2.7 -0.5 0.9
Hip circumference 0.4 1.6 6.2 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 2.5 -0.2 -1.4 -1.3 0.9 -0.6
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.6 2.0 0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 1.4 -1.4 -0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.7 -0.5
Father’s age at death 2.0 2.7 6.1 -0.8 1.4 2.1 2.0 2.5 1.9 1.9 0.5 1.5 2.1 -0.0 -1.5 1.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.2 2.2 3.6 -1.3 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.3 -1.5 1.4 1.9 0.1 -1.9 1.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.1
Falls in the last year 0.9 1.3 4.7 0.2 0.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.1 -2.2 1.4 1.1 0.2 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.3 2.0 7.1 1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.0 2.7 -0.4 -1.2 -0.1 1.4 -1.2
Number of live births 0.5 0.8 3.8 0.2 -0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2 -1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.1 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.8 0.1 1.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 -0.0
Pulse rate 0.4 0.6 2.7 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.0 1.3 -1.6 -0.4 -0.9 0.7 0.1
Happiness 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.5 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.1 1.0 -0.3 -1.6 -0.8 1.2
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 -0.4 -1.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.7 -1.0 0.1 0.6 -0.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.9 2.1 17.1 -0.6 1.2 0.8 0.2 1.0 0.7 1.1 4.1 -0.8 0.5 -0.5 -1.6 1.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.3 2.3 0.8 -1.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.0 1.3 -0.8 -1.5 0.6 0.2 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 2.0 1.3 -1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 1.4 0.6 -1.4
Asthma 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 1.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.2 2.9 -0.2 0.3 1.4 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.3 -1.2 0.2 1.2 1.3 -1.7 0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.7
Depression (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 1.7 -0.3 -1.2 -1.4 0.8 0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 2.6 2.9 5.9 2.0 -2.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.9 -1.4 -0.7 -1.4 -1.7 1.2 2.0 -2.1
Prospective memory result 1.4 1.8 3.1 1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.4 -1.8 -1.3 -1.4 -0.5 -1.4 -1.5 0.5 1.2 -1.5
Lung cancer (father) 0.5 0.6 2.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.5 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.2 0.7 -0.7
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 1.6 -1.0 -0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.1 0.3 1.9 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.8 0.1 1.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.6 1.0 -0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.7 3.1 15.8 1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.7 -4.0 -1.5 -0.9 1.3 2.2 -1.5
Arm fat mass (right) 0.9 3.5 6.2 0.6 -1.1 -2.4 -2.5 -2.3 -2.1 -2.0 2.4 -1.2 -2.3 -1.0 1.5 -1.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.7 9.8 -1.1 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 3.1 1.0 -0.8 -2.6 -0.4 0.8
Standing height 0.1 0.9 3.4 -0.9 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 0.6 -1.1 -1.9 1.1 0.1
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.1 1.2 3.0 -1.4 1.7 1.0 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.4 1.2 -1.3 -1.1 1.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 1.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.2 1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.4 0.7 5.1 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 1.1 2.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 -1.1 0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 3.1 -1.4 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.8 0.9 1.0 -1.2 0.2 1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.6 3.4 0.4 -0.1 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.6 -1.0 1.6 1.4 0.5 -1.6 0.3
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 2.8 -1.1 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.4 1.7 0.6 -1.2 -0.9 1.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.1 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.3 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.4 0.5 0.5 -1.1 1.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.4 1.7 3.7 -1.9 1.9 1.2 1.0 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.0 1.1 -1.7 -1.7 1.8
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 1.8 0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8 0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.4 2.2 12.2 -0.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.7 3.5 0.1 1.1 -1.2 -0.8 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.3 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.4 -1.0 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.9 -1.3 0.9 0.7 -0.0 -1.4 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.5 3.2 -1.4 1.0 1.2 1.6 0.7 1.3 1.2 0.3 1.8 1.2 -0.9 -1.2 1.2
Headache pain in last month 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.3 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.3
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.6 1.0 2.6 -0.1 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.1 0.4 -0.9 1.1 1.2 0.5 -0.3 0.8
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.1 2.5 4.7 1.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.8 -2.2 0.4 -1.7 -1.4 0.5 1.6 -1.6
Gout (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 4.4 -0.8 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.9 0.6 1.6 2.0 -0.1 -2.1 1.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 -1.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.9 0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 1.2 1.7 3.3 1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.4 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 -1.5 0.3 0.6 -1.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.5 1.9 3.6 1.7 -1.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.0 -0.8 0.9 -1.6 -1.1 1.1 1.8 -1.7
Birth weight 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.8 -0.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 1.3 0.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.3 0.4 2.2 0.6 -0.5 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 -1.5 0.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.3 1.6 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.3
Body fat percentage 0.6 2.2 4.4 0.7 -1.2 -1.9 -2.0 -2.1 -1.7 -2.0 1.1 -0.8 -1.7 -0.3 1.3 -1.5
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.0 2.8 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.0 -1.6 1.7 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.1 8.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 2.8 0.7 -1.0 -1.5 -0.2 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.9 1.1 4.0 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.6 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.3 1.0 1.1 0.9 -2.0 0.7
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.8 7.5 0.8 -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -1.6 2.7 -1.4 -1.5 -0.4 0.8 -1.0
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.3 -0.4 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.5 -1.3 0.3 -1.1 0.1 1.1 -0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.5 1.5 -1.1 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.0 -1.1 -0.0 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 1.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.0 1.3 3.0 -1.7 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 -0.6 1.1 -1.0 -1.2 1.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.8 2.1 1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 0.5 -1.5 -0.4 1.3 0.3 -1.0
Number of children fathered 0.8 0.9 3.2 1.7 -1.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 1.8 0.4 -1.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 0.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.6
Age at first live birth 0.2 0.4 2.7 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -1.6 -0.6 0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 1.3 0.2 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 0.3
Health satisfaction 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.9 -1.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 0.8 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 1.9 -0.4 0.4 0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -1.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.3 1.2 0.2 -0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 2.6 3.0 5.7 2.1 -2.1 -1.7 -1.8 -1.3 -1.7 -1.6 0.3 -1.0 -1.5 1.6 2.4 -2.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.9 1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 0.3 -0.7 1.1 0.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 1.7 3.0 1.2 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.3 -0.6 1.3 -1.4 -1.5 0.4 0.3 -1.5
Angina (self-reported) 3.0 3.9 7.1 2.6 -2.6 -2.2 -1.5 -1.8 -2.2 -2.0 0.8 -0.3 -2.5 1.5 1.5 -2.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.5 0.6 -0.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 -0.7 -0.7 1.2 1.6 0.2 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.9 1.0 3.4 -0.3 0.3 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.4 0.0 0.3 1.0 1.0 -1.8 0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 1.4 1.8 5.2 0.1 0.5 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.8 0.2 1.2 1.9 0.8 -2.3 0.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.9
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.7 3.2 7.7 1.8 -2.3 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 -1.5 -1.8 -0.3 -0.5 -1.6 1.3 2.8 -2.2
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 3.2 0.9 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.2 -0.4
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.7 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.5
Whole body fat mass 0.7 3.0 5.2 0.6 -1.1 -2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.0 -2.1 1.8 -0.8 -2.2 -0.8 1.4 -1.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.6 2.4 6.6 0.5 -0.9 -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 -1.9 2.6 -0.5 -1.9 -0.7 0.8 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.3 11.0 -0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 3.3 0.7 -0.9 -1.6 -0.2 -0.0
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.5 1.7 3.6 0.3 -0.6 -1.4 -1.7 -1.9 -1.3 -1.2 1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -0.4 1.0 -1.0
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.6 4.4 -0.9 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.1 -2.1 -0.2 1.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.5 2.8 5.6 0.2 -0.8 -2.1 -2.0 -1.5 -2.3 -2.3 -1.0 -0.0 -2.3 -1.1 2.4 -1.1
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 1.1 -1.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.8 0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.7 2.6 4.4 -1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.8 0.5 1.1 1.8 -0.3 -2.1 1.8
Overall health rating 0.2 0.4 2.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 1.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.4 0.7
Had major operations 0.7 0.8 5.1 1.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.7 0.1 2.3 0.4 -1.1
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.8 9.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.6 -3.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.2
Family relationship satisfaction 2.2 2.8 5.3 -1.6 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 0.9 -2.3 0.9 1.5 -0.8 -2.0 2.1
Leg pain on walking 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.9 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.4 -0.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -1.1 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 2.1 -0.5 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 -0.5 -1.5 1.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -0.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 0.7 0.3 -1.2 0.4 0.2 -1.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.6 0.7 2.7 -1.2 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 -1.2 -1.6 0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.8
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 2.4 -0.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.1 1.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.6 0.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.8 2.0 1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1 1.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 -0.5 -1.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 2.9 3.4 13.6 2.1 -2.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -3.7 0.3 -1.1 1.8 2.3 -2.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.2 0.3 1.3 1.0 -0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 1.1 -0.3 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.5 0.6 3.1 -1.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.8 -0.4 -1.8 0.1 0.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.9 12.7 -0.7 0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 3.6 0.8 -1.4 -2.4 0.0 0.2
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.6 3.1 18.7 -0.1 -0.3 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.0 4.3 0.3 -2.1 -1.9 1.0 -0.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.2 4.6 7.8 1.1 -1.7 -2.7 -2.7 -2.8 -2.4 -2.4 2.3 -1.6 -2.5 -0.4 2.1 -2.0
Average weekly red wine intake 1.0 1.5 3.8 -0.9 0.6 1.4 0.8 1.9 1.5 1.6 -1.7 -0.6 1.5 0.3 -0.7 0.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.6 0.7 3.6 0.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 1.4 -1.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Mood swings 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.4 0.1 -0.1 -1.5 0.5
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.8 2.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -0.8 -1.0 0.3 -1.6 -1.1 -0.2 0.8 -0.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.0 -1.1 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.1 1.7 4.5 1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.0 -2.1 -0.9 -1.0 1.6 -1.4 -1.0 0.8 0.9 -1.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.7 0.8 2.8 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.4 1.0 1.3 0.0 1.0 0.6 1.2 -1.7 0.4
Friendships satisfaction 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.2 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.5 -0.1 1.2 -0.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.3 1.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.7 4.2 8.1 2.5 -2.3 -1.6 -1.7 -2.3 -1.6 -1.6 2.8 -1.9 -1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.3 1.1 1.0 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.3 2.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.2 1.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 2.2 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.5 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1
Medication for cholesterol 0.4 0.6 1.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -1.1 1.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.7 0.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 1.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.7
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 0.6 1.2 -0.8
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.6 0.1 -1.0
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.8 -1.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.7 1.5 0.5
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 0.7 -0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 3.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -1.8 -0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.4 1.8 3.7 -1.2 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.7 0.7 1.0 -0.2 -0.8 1.6
Medication: Aspirin 1.1 1.4 3.1 1.7 -1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 0.3 0.4 -1.2 0.7 0.8 -1.8
Medication: Gliclazide 1.0 1.1 3.6 1.2 -1.9 -0.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.3 0.5 -0.9 0.8 1.2 -1.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -1.1 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.2
Smoking status: Current 3.3 5.2 9.1 -2.9 3.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.8 0.4 2.1 -2.2 -1.8 3.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.5 3.8 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.8 2.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.5
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.9 12.2 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 3.5 0.7 -1.3 -2.4 0.0 0.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.2 17.9 0.0 -0.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.8 -1.9 -1.1 4.2 0.2 -2.2 -1.9 1.1 -0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 1.0 4.0 6.9 0.6 -1.2 -2.5 -2.5 -2.5 -2.3 -2.1 2.6 -1.1 -2.5 -1.1 1.7 -1.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.3 0.5 2.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -1.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 -0.4
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.7 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.8 -0.6 -0.1 0.8
Miserableness 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 0.2
Guilty feelings 0.8 1.2 2.3 -1.0 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.4 1.4 -0.4 0.6 1.4 -0.1 -1.0 1.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 2.9 -1.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 1.0 0.5 0.2 -1.7 0.3 0.9
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.5 2.7 -0.8 0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.2 0.2 -1.2 0.7 0.6
Hearing aid user 1.3 1.4 3.4 0.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 0.2 -1.9 0.0 0.5 -1.4
Mother’s age at death 1.7 2.1 4.1 -1.6 1.7 1.5 0.7 1.6 1.3 1.5 -0.4 2.0 1.1 -1.2 -2.0 1.6
Financial situation satisfaction 3.0 3.7 6.0 -1.4 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 0.7 0.9 2.0 -0.3 -2.0 2.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.2 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.6 0.7 2.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 0.0 -1.5 -0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.7
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.3 1.5 -0.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.8 0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.9 2.3 3.5 -1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.9 1.4 -0.7 1.7 1.4 -1.1 -1.3 1.9
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.7 0.9 2.0 -0.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.0 -0.9 1.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.3 1.0
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.5 -0.1 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.4 0.2 -0.1 1.1 1.1 -0.3 0.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.0 1.5 2.6 -1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.2 -0.0 1.6 1.3 -1.2 -1.0 1.4
Medication: Lisinopril 1.0 1.3 2.8 1.5 -1.5 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -0.3 1.5 1.7 -1.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.7 0.9 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.6 -0.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.6 2.0 3.3 -1.1 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.2 -0.8 1.8 1.7 -0.1 -1.7 1.6
Ever smoked 4.1 7.2 14.6 -3.8 3.8 2.6 2.0 2.5 2.8 2.7 0.5 0.5 2.7 -2.9 -2.0 3.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.4 2.2 13.0 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.9 3.6 0.4 -1.7 -2.3 0.4 -0.2
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.7 3.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1 1.8 0.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 -0.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.4 9.1 -0.9 0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 3.0 0.8 -0.8 -2.1 -0.5 0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.5 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 -0.9 0.4 1.3 0.7 -0.6 0.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 6.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 2.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2
Irritability 1.0 1.7 3.4 -1.6 1.8 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.2 -0.9 1.2 -0.8 -1.5 1.8
Risk taking 0.7 1.0 4.5 0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -2.1 -0.9 0.8 1.1 -0.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.6 0.6 4.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -2.2 0.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.4 1.8 3.9 1.9 -2.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.5 -1.4 -1.1 1.6 0.9 -1.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.5 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.6 0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.9 0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.5 4.4 1.7 -0.8 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 -1.4 0.8 2.1 -1.1 -0.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.9 0.8 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 1.0 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.0 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 0.1
Myopia 0.4 0.6 5.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 -2.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.3 -0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.4 1.2 2.5 -0.9 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.1 0.6 -1.5 0.7 1.2 0.2 0.3 1.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 2.6 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 1.2 0.5 -0.1 0.8 1.6 -0.5 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 -0.0 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 2.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 1.6 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.4
Supplements: Calcium 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 -1.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.6 0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.3 -1.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.9 -1.5 1.3 1.2 -1.0 -0.3 1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.4 -1.2 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.0 -1.2 -1.4 0.3 1.7 0.2 -1.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.5 0.1 -0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.5 0.6 -1.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 -1.0 0.1
Heart disease (siblings) 0.4 0.5 1.8 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.0 1.2 2.9 -1.7 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -1.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.7 1.3
Pack years of smoking 1.7 2.5 6.0 0.3 -1.4 -2.1 -2.4 -1.8 -2.2 -1.5 0.8 0.4 -2.0 -0.6 1.6 -1.4
Impedance of whole body 0.5 2.5 25.8 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -5.1 -0.9 0.8 1.7 0.7 -0.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.5 2.1 6.9 0.4 -0.8 -1.6 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.7 2.6 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7 0.6 -1.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.3 8.1 -1.0 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 2.9 0.9 -0.6 -2.0 -0.7 0.6