Hub : Genes

CAD

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Pancreas 0.2250 0.0630 5.5e-07 0.231 NA 0.192 NA 0.212 3.9e-10 NA 1.5e-08 NA 2.4e-09
2 GTEx Thyroid 0.0730 0.0350 3.0e-04 0.015 NA 0.023 NA 0.021 2.4e-02 NA 6.1e-03 NA 9.1e-03
3 TCGA Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma 0.0740 0.0460 4.4e-03 0.051 0.033 0.011 NA 0.025 2.1e-03 0.0110 9.5e-02 NA 2.3e-02
4 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0412 0.0296 9.8e-03 0.005 0.016 0.002 NA 0.004 8.6e-02 0.0061 1.9e-01 NA 1.1e-01
5 TCGA Testicular Germ Cell Tumors 0.1330 0.0790 8.0e-03 0.079 0.052 0.063 NA 0.070 9.8e-04 0.0063 2.9e-03 NA 1.8e-03
6 TCGA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma 0.1810 0.1070 9.2e-03 0.061 0.031 0.055 NA 0.024 8.7e-03 0.0470 1.2e-02 NA 7.1e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.9 4.6 12.5 0.1 -1.0 -2.2 -3.5 -2.8 -1.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 3.6 8.7 15.3 2.9 -3.8 0.0 -3.9 -2.6 -2.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.5 5.3 -1.9 1.2 -2.3 0.6 -1.3 1.5
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.7 2.6 5.4 -2.3 0.7 -2.3 0.4 -1.1 1.7
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.7 2.3 -1.0 -0.0 -0.6 1.5 -0.6 0.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.8 1.4 -0.9 0.7 -1.2 0.7 -0.7 0.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 3.7 7.6 16.7 3.7 -4.1 1.8 -2.2 -1.1 -2.4
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.6 3.4 7.1 2.0 -1.7 2.7 1.8 1.6 -0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.5 2.3 -0.1 1.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.7 1.7 5.8 -1.2 2.4 -1.3 0.8 -0.5 0.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.2 2.2 4.0 -1.8 2.0 -1.7 1.1 -0.6 1.1
Major Depression (MDD) 2.4 2.9 7.9 1.3 -2.8 0.3 -2.2 -1.1 -1.3
Reaction Time 1.3 2.5 5.7 1.2 0.9 2.4 1.5 2.2 0.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.7 2.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 1.6 -0.5 0.1
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.6 1.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.4 -1.0 0.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.9 1.2 5.6 -0.4 2.4 -0.1 0.9 0.3 0.8
Prostate Cancer 1.5 2.0 4.8 0.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.2 -2.2 -0.4
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.7 2.2 -1.5 0.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.4 0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.5 1.4 4.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.7 -2.0 -1.7 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.8 0.0 0.5 -0.2 -0.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.7 0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.4
Fasting Glucose 5.6 6.7 18.6 2.9 -2.6 4.3 1.6 1.8 -0.9
HbA1C 0.4 0.4 1.1 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.5 1.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.4 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.8 -1.0 0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0
Lupus 1.0 1.4 4.6 -1.0 2.1 -0.1 0.8 1.0 1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 1.5 2.1 4.6 -1.8 -0.2 -2.1 -0.5 -1.4 1.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.3 1.1 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.7
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.1 0.0 0.6 1.5 1.0 0.8
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.9 6.5 15.2 3.1 -3.9 1.0 -2.7 -1.4 -1.9
Triglycerides 24.5 40.1 96.2 -4.8 3.4 -9.8 -5.8 -8.3 -2.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.8 0.9 2.4 0.7 -0.1 1.6 1.0 1.3 -0.0
Ulcerative Colitis 1.0 1.4 4.7 -1.1 2.2 -1.4 0.6 -0.4 0.2
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.7 5.1 15.3 -2.8 3.9 -1.8 0.7 -0.1 2.0
Blood Platelet Count 4.4 51.0 127.7 -8.7 6.2 -11.3 -3.1 -6.2 4.0
Blood Red Count 0.3 3.1 13.5 -1.8 3.7 -1.2 -0.1 0.5 0.7
Blood White Count 3.6 26.9 65.9 -5.3 4.9 -8.1 -3.6 -5.5 -0.6
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.2 2.5 1.4 -1.5 1.6 0.4 0.6 -0.1
BMI 0.1 0.7 1.7 1.2 0.6 1.3 -0.5 0.8 -0.2
Height 0.8 15.1 36.2 4.4 -3.6 6.0 2.4 4.0 0.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.3 5.9 8.9 3.0 -2.9 0.4 -3.0 -1.8 -2.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.5 7.6 15.5 -3.9 3.7 -3.0 2.2 -0.3 1.6
Smoking Status 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.8 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 -0.9
Allergy or Eczema 1.7 4.5 13.9 -1.9 3.7 -0.8 2.1 1.1 1.7
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.0 8.0 -1.4 2.8 -2.3 -0.2 -1.6 0.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 -0.2
Respiratory disease 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.7 -0.6 0.3 -1.2 -0.1 -1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.1 2.1 5.1 1.2 -2.2 2.0 -0.5 1.3 0.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 0.9 2.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5
Lung FVC 0.1 0.7 2.6 0.0 -0.0 -0.7 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8
Neuroticism 2.9 6.9 12.5 -3.5 2.6 -3.4 1.3 -1.4 2.7
Chronotype (morning person) 1.0 2.4 7.1 -0.7 -0.6 -1.8 -1.8 -2.7 -0.3
Hair Pigment 0.7 18.6 54.9 -4.3 7.4 -4.3 1.5 -1.4 3.9
Tanning 0.4 4.8 10.7 1.6 -1.5 3.1 1.8 3.3 0.6
Hand grip strength (left) 1.2 3.2 6.0 2.5 -1.6 2.4 0.2 0.6 -2.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 3.2 5.7 11.2 -2.9 3.3 -2.8 0.9 -0.5 2.4
Average weekly spirits intake 1.2 1.5 4.2 -1.2 -0.4 -2.0 -0.9 -1.5 -0.0
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.7 1.1 2.1 -1.4 1.0 -1.2 0.3 -0.4 1.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.7 0.7 -1.1 -0.0 -1.0 0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.7 1.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -1.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.5 0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.6 2.0 10.6 0.8 -3.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.6 4.6 8.5 -2.6 2.9 -1.5 2.4 0.6 2.0
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.1 0.9
Angina 0.5 0.7 2.7 0.9 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.5 -0.6 -1.3 -0.6 -0.8 0.9
Vitamin and mineral supplements 4.4 5.9 10.6 3.3 -2.7 2.5 -1.6 0.1 -3.0
Supplements: Zinc 1.2 1.3 4.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.1 2.1 0.9 1.2
Medication: Co-codamol 1.5 1.8 3.8 -0.7 -0.2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 -0.1
Medication: Metformin 1.0 1.4 3.0 1.2 -1.6 1.7 -0.0 1.2 0.5
Diabetes (father) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.0
Diabetes (mother) 2.2 2.8 5.9 0.6 0.7 2.1 2.3 2.4 0.5
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.5 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.7 -0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 1.3
Impedance of leg (right) 1.2 6.0 10.2 -0.7 -3.0 -2.8 -2.3 -3.2 -1.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.0 5.3 15.1 2.6 -0.1 3.9 1.2 2.8 0.9
Trunk fat percentage 0.1 0.5 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Hand grip strength (right) 0.5 1.4 2.5 1.5 -1.4 1.6 0.4 0.2 -1.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 2.4 3.3 7.1 2.7 -2.0 1.6 -1.9 -0.4 -1.6
Current tobacco smoking 1.0 1.7 4.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.0
Maternal smoking around birth 1.4 2.0 4.3 2.1 -1.0 1.6 -1.6 0.4 -1.2
Fed-up feelings 0.6 1.1 4.1 0.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -2.0 0.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.0 2.1 -1.4 0.7 -1.0 0.3 -0.3 1.4
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.7 1.5 0.4 1.2 0.6 1.2 0.8 -0.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.8 1.2 3.6 0.1 1.9 0.7 0.9 1.4 0.8
Age when periods started (menarche) 4.0 9.5 18.9 2.1 -4.2 -0.6 -4.3 -2.9 -2.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 2.5 2.9 5.7 -2.4 2.0 -2.2 -0.0 -0.4 1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.5 2.0 0.7 -1.4 0.8 0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.0 1.0 3.1 1.3 -1.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.6 0.7 1.2 -0.9 1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.9
High blood pressure 0.7 1.9 5.2 -1.3 2.3 -1.1 1.4 -0.0 1.0
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.9 4.1 14.7 -1.8 3.8 -0.7 1.8 1.1 1.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 3.1 3.9 6.9 -2.6 2.0 -2.4 1.4 -0.8 2.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 3.3 4.1 8.4 -2.2 2.0 -2.9 -1.2 -2.0 1.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.3 1.7 3.5 0.5 -1.3 -0.7 -1.9 -1.8 -1.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.3 2.7 7.6 -1.7 2.8 -0.9 1.8 0.4 1.2
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.2 -0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.0 1.1 -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7
Sitting height 0.8 6.0 16.2 3.0 -1.8 4.0 1.9 2.0 -0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.0 0.3
High blood pressure (mother) 3.7 5.1 8.5 -2.9 2.6 -2.8 1.7 -0.7 2.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.6
Impedance of leg (left) 1.1 5.2 9.9 -0.8 -2.5 -2.9 -1.8 -3.1 -1.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.0 5.5 15.5 2.6 -0.1 3.9 1.3 2.8 0.9
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.2 3.5 1.9 -1.1 1.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.3
Waist circumference 0.2 0.7 2.2 1.5 -0.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.0 -0.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.2 -0.7 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.7
Past tobacco smoking 0.7 1.2 3.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -1.9 -1.4 -1.0
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.3 2.1 4.1 -2.0 1.6 -1.4 1.5 0.1 1.3
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.5
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.9 1.4 4.1 -0.6 1.0 0.3 2.0 1.3 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.8 2.3 5.6 -1.7 0.5 -2.4 -1.4 -1.7 0.5
Had menopause 8.4 10.5 33.9 3.5 -5.8 3.0 -0.4 0.5 -2.7
Had other major operations 3.3 4.1 10.0 -2.6 1.3 -2.1 1.2 0.2 3.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.7 1.6 1.3 -1.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.4 -1.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.8 1.8 -0.4 -0.5 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 0.1
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.8 3.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.1 -1.7 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.5 2.3 6.5 1.3 0.0 2.5 1.2 2.1 -0.2
Heart attack 0.7 0.9 2.8 -0.1 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.7 0.5
Allergy 0.7 1.6 6.8 1.1 -2.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7
Pain all over the body in last month 1.3 1.4 3.0 -1.1 1.7 -0.4 0.9 0.9 1.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.7 2.6 5.8 -0.2 -1.7 1.5 1.6 2.4 1.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.4 4.0 -0.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 2.0 0.3
Medication: Ramipril 1.6 2.1 4.7 -1.0 0.9 0.4 2.2 1.8 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 2.0 3.0 8.8 -1.8 1.0 -3.0 -0.7 -2.1 -0.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.3 1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1
Illnesses of siblings 2.5 3.4 7.6 1.5 -2.8 0.3 -1.8 -1.7 -2.1
Neuroticism score 1.2 2.5 4.9 -1.6 1.7 -2.2 0.3 -1.8 1.1
Weight 0.5 2.5 6.9 2.1 -0.5 2.6 0.4 1.7 0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.7 3.1 7.2 0.2 -2.0 -1.9 -0.8 -2.7 -1.8
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.4 1.7 0.7 0.0 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.5
Trunk fat-free mass 0.9 5.2 15.8 2.5 -0.4 4.0 1.2 2.5 1.0
Hip circumference 0.2 0.8 3.4 -0.2 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.6 1.8
Time employed in main current job 1.9 2.2 4.8 0.4 0.9 1.8 2.0 2.2 -0.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.6 2.3 3.7 -1.9 1.9 -1.2 1.4 0.4 1.7
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.8 1.5 5.3 -0.5 2.3 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 2.8 -0.2 1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.7 0.2
Falls in the last year 0.6 0.9 1.6 -0.8 0.6 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.5 -1.5 0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.4
Number of live births 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.6 1.6 1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -0.8
Pulse rate 2.1 3.5 8.4 0.9 0.2 -1.1 -2.9 -2.2 -2.4
Happiness 0.8 1.0 1.8 -1.4 0.8 -1.3 0.3 -0.3 1.2
Noisy workplace 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.2 2.7 5.7 1.1 1.0 2.3 2.4 1.7 -0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.8 1.9 -1.3 0.3 -1.4 0.3 -0.7 0.8
Asthma 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 -0.4 0.9 -0.9 0.8 -0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 5.6 7.1 14.6 -3.1 3.1 -1.9 2.2 1.1 3.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.6 2.5 6.5 -1.4 1.4 -2.5 -1.1 -1.8 -0.5
Depression (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.2
Prospective memory result 1.1 1.3 3.5 0.2 -0.1 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.9
Lung cancer (father) 2.5 3.0 5.6 2.3 -0.5 0.9 -2.4 -1.1 -2.1
Illnesses of mother 2.8 3.5 7.2 2.6 -2.0 2.7 -0.7 1.2 -1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 0.7 3.2 6.8 0.1 -2.3 -1.9 -0.7 -2.6 -1.8
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.6 1.8 1.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.6 0.4 0.0
Trunk predicted mass 0.9 5.4 16.2 2.5 -0.4 4.0 1.3 2.6 1.0
Standing height 0.8 8.0 18.7 3.5 -2.9 4.3 2.0 2.0 0.4
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.5 1.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.4 1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.1 1.1 0.2
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.7 1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.7 0.7 0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 0.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 0.9 1.9 -1.3 -0.1 -1.4 0.3 -0.5 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.4 2.5 1.0 -1.4 1.3 -0.3 1.0 -1.6
Birth weight of first child 0.9 1.7 4.3 1.2 -2.1 0.6 -1.8 -0.5 -0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2
Pulse wave reflection index 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 2.0 2.4 5.4 -2.1 0.9 -2.3 -0.6 -1.3 1.4
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.1 3.4 9.7 -1.0 2.4 0.7 3.1 1.8 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.7 2.2 5.2 -1.1 0.9 -2.3 -1.2 -2.1 -0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0 0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 3.6 6.0 9.6 -3.1 2.7 -2.9 1.0 -0.6 3.1
Headache pain in last month 1.2 2.1 5.4 -1.5 2.3 -1.2 0.7 0.1 1.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.0 1.7 3.1 1.8 -1.8 1.7 -0.8 0.5 -0.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 2.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5 -0.8
Gout (self-reported) 4.6 6.3 13.5 -2.7 3.4 -3.7 -0.5 -1.7 1.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.6
Medication: Amlodipine 1.4 1.9 4.5 -1.4 1.2 -0.6 2.1 0.7 1.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.2 -1.0
Birth weight 0.4 0.8 2.0 -1.0 1.1 -0.5 0.4 0.4 1.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.9 2.2 4.1 -1.5 2.0 -0.6 1.5 0.8 2.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 2.4 3.5 6.0 -2.5 2.3 -2.0 1.1 -0.1 2.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.5 1.1 1.0 -1.1 0.7 0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.7 1.9 0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.8 3.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -1.9 -0.6 -0.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.0 4.9 14.0 2.3 -0.5 3.7 1.1 2.8 1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.0 1.3 2.9 -0.8 0.5 -1.7 -1.1 -1.7 0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.5 6.5 -1.6 2.5 -1.1 0.9 0.3 2.0
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.9 2.2 -0.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.2 -1.0 0.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.7 2.9 -0.2 1.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.2 2.9 6.4 2.0 -2.5 0.6 -1.8 -0.8 -1.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.0 -0.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 -0.6 1.1 -0.0 1.0 -0.8
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 2.3 -0.9 1.4 -0.1 1.5 0.8 0.9
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 -0.3
Health satisfaction 1.6 2.0 4.0 -1.8 2.0 -1.9 0.5 -0.7 0.9
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.4 1.2 3.4 -0.1 1.0 0.8 1.8 1.3 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.8 3.2 6.6 2.3 -2.2 2.6 0.7 1.2 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 8.1 13.8 22.2 4.7 -4.3 3.2 -3.1 -0.8 -4.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.5 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 1.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.4 3.4 -1.3 1.9 -0.6 1.4 0.5 0.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.2 1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -1.8
Migraine (self-reported) 2.5 3.1 6.3 -2.5 1.0 -2.5 1.4 -0.9 1.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 4.1 4.9 10.8 -2.7 2.3 -1.9 1.4 0.6 3.3
Medication: Allopurinol 2.1 2.7 6.9 -1.8 2.1 -2.6 -0.5 -1.1 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.3 0.3 0.4 1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.1 -0.1 1.2 -0.5 1.2 -0.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.5 2.8 7.7 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.6 2.8 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.7 1.4 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.2
Whole body fat mass 0.2 0.8 2.4 1.6 -0.8 1.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.2 1.5 -0.7 1.2 -1.1 0.5 -0.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.9 4.5 12.4 2.0 -0.2 3.5 1.2 2.7 1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 2.5 8.0 17.9 -0.0 0.6 -3.5 -3.8 -4.2 -1.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 4.3 9.9 25.6 -2.8 1.5 -5.1 -2.7 -3.8 1.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.9 5.1 12.7 2.2 -0.9 3.6 2.6 2.1 1.2
Number of full sisters 1.1 1.4 2.9 1.7 -0.2 1.5 -0.4 1.0 -1.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.6 1.1 -1.0 0.3 -1.1 0.3 -0.9 0.5
Overall health rating 1.5 3.2 6.3 -0.2 1.7 -2.1 -2.5 -2.3 -0.4
Chest pain or discomfort 1.0 1.5 4.3 -0.3 0.7 -1.6 -1.2 -2.1 -0.0
Had major operations 1.2 1.4 4.2 -2.0 0.4 -1.7 0.4 -0.8 0.5
Age at last live birth 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.7 0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -0.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.5 1.8 3.6 -1.4 1.2 -1.9 -0.9 -1.1 1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.1 1.2 3.0 -1.7 1.0 -1.2 0.7 0.4 1.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.1 1.3 3.6 0.5 0.2 1.7 1.0 1.9 -0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.2 2.2 -1.5 1.4 -0.9 1.1 0.3 1.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.5 2.9 5.4 -2.1 1.6 -0.6 1.6 1.4 2.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 -0.5 0.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.5 6.8 -1.4 2.6 -0.8 1.9 0.6 1.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.0 0.1 0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.8 1.1 2.7 -1.2 0.7 -1.6 -1.1 -0.9 0.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 2.6 3.1 8.1 1.6 0.8 2.8 1.0 2.6 -0.2
Smoking status: Previous 1.3 1.9 4.8 -0.4 0.2 0.9 2.2 1.9 1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.7 -0.5 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.8
Whole body fat-free mass 1.1 6.2 18.1 2.7 -0.2 4.2 1.4 2.9 1.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.0 5.6 15.2 2.5 0.2 3.9 1.7 2.9 1.0
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 1.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.0 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6
Average weekly red wine intake 1.9 2.8 6.8 0.1 0.8 1.7 2.6 2.6 0.5
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.7 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0
Mood swings 1.6 3.0 4.5 -2.0 2.1 -1.9 1.3 -0.5 2.0
Loneliness, isolation 1.1 1.5 3.7 -0.9 0.7 -1.9 -1.1 -1.6 0.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.7 1.1 3.2 -1.0 1.2 -0.6 0.4 0.4 1.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.1 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.2 2.0 4.3 0.1 -1.6 1.5 1.0 2.1 1.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.2 2.3 4.3 -1.8 1.8 -2.1 -0.1 -1.0 1.4
Friendships satisfaction 1.4 1.8 3.5 -0.6 -0.4 -1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.0 3.2 7.1 -1.0 1.9 0.3 2.7 1.5 2.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 1.2 0.5 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 3.1 3.6 8.5 -2.3 2.9 -2.0 0.4 -0.3 1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.3
Medication for cholesterol 2.0 3.1 7.9 2.6 -1.3 2.8 -0.2 0.9 -1.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 3.0 3.5 9.7 -1.9 0.3 -3.1 -0.8 -2.2 1.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 2.1 -0.6 1.4 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 0.9
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.0 1.3 3.2 1.4 -0.0 1.8 0.7 1.5 -0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.0 1.3 0.6 0.6
Asthma (self-reported) 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.9 0.7 -0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.2 -0.8 1.5 -0.6 0.8 0.4 1.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.6
Medication: Aspirin 1.2 1.5 2.5 -1.5 1.6 -0.7 1.4 0.5 1.2
Medication: Gliclazide 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 -1.3 1.2 -0.3 0.6 -1.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.2 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.1
Smoking status: Current 1.5 2.3 5.0 1.4 -0.7 -0.1 -2.2 -1.4 -2.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.7
Whole body water mass 1.0 5.5 16.2 2.5 -0.2 4.0 1.3 2.8 1.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.1 5.8 16.1 2.6 0.2 4.0 1.6 2.9 0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.5 1.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.0
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.3 4.2 -1.2 2.1 -1.1 0.4 0.1 0.9
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.7 1.0 3.1 0.8 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.4 -0.1
Miserableness 1.5 2.6 5.7 -1.8 1.2 -2.4 -0.3 -1.8 1.5
Guilty feelings 0.6 0.9 1.7 -0.5 0.4 -1.1 -0.8 -1.3 1.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 2.1 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.4
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.7 3.1 0.9 0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -1.8
Mother’s age at death 1.1 1.4 2.2 0.9 -1.3 1.5 1.2 1.1 -1.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.9 2.4 5.0 -2.1 1.2 -1.3 1.3 0.1 2.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.3 1.5 2.3 0.9 -1.5 0.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.8 -0.5 0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.2 2.3 -1.5 1.2 -1.1 1.3 -0.1 0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 2.2 2.8 6.9 -2.6 1.2 -2.2 0.7 -0.8 1.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 5.7 10.1 25.6 -2.4 1.9 -5.1 -2.5 -4.3 -0.8
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.3 2.0 5.3 -1.4 -0.0 -2.3 -0.5 -2.1 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 2.4 3.7 6.9 -2.3 1.8 -2.4 0.5 -0.6 2.6
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 2.2 2.7 6.5 -1.4 1.5 -2.5 -0.9 -2.0 0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.7 2.0 3.2 -1.4 1.7 -0.3 1.8 1.0 1.8
Alcohol drinker status: Never 3.2 3.8 10.9 0.3 -0.9 -1.7 -3.3 -2.4 -1.5
Ever smoked 0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.8 0.2 0.0 1.3 0.9 0.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.9 4.8 14.0 2.5 -0.1 3.7 1.1 2.6 1.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 2.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -1.5 -0.4 -0.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.4 9.8 2.0 -0.3 3.1 0.8 2.1 1.0
Number of operations (self-reported) 3.9 5.8 13.0 -3.6 2.2 -2.5 1.9 0.4 2.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.6 2.4 5.2 2.3 -1.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.8
Irritability 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.6 1.4 0.1 1.1 -0.3 -0.0
Risk taking 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.7 2.2 6.0 -1.3 2.4 -0.4 0.9 1.0 1.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.7 0.5 -1.0
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.7 2.1 3.6 -1.6 1.8 -0.8 1.9 0.5 1.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.8 1.5 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 0.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.7 2.2 5.7 1.0 -2.4 -0.2 -1.7 -1.6 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 1.7 -1.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 1.3
Myopia 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 -0.8 0.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.5 1.5 4.7 1.0 -2.2 0.9 -1.4 -0.1 -0.7
Cholesterol lowering medication 2.0 2.9 7.7 -1.2 0.9 -2.8 -1.2 -2.4 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.6 0.7 1.3 -1.0 1.2 -0.6 0.6 0.2 1.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.5 4.4 1.0 -2.1 1.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.7
Supplements: Calcium 1.4 1.6 4.1 -1.8 0.2 -2.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 1.7 -1.3 1.3 -1.0 1.3 -0.3 1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.9 0.1 1.2 0.9 0.1 1.7 0.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 2.2 0.1 0.3 -0.8 -1.5 -0.7 -0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.3
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 1.1
Impedance of whole body 0.9 4.7 9.8 -0.4 -2.6 -2.6 -1.2 -3.1 -1.8
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.0 1.4 -0.4 1.2 -0.8 0.7 -0.2
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.4 9.7 2.0 -0.3 3.1 0.9 2.2 1.0