Hub : Genes

CAV2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1030 0.0280 4.1e-08 0.015 0.095 0.071 0.094 0.062 5.4e-03 1.3e-11 5.7e-09 1.8e-11 4.6e-08
2 GTEx Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes 0.6510 0.0650 1.6e-10 0.520 NA 0.526 NA 0.500 1.3e-19 NA 6.6e-20 NA 1.2e-18
3 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1470 0.0470 3.1e-04 0.042 NA 0.064 NA 0.051 7.9e-04 NA 4.6e-05 NA 2.4e-04
4 GTEx Pancreas 0.4700 0.0700 2.3e-12 0.373 NA 0.408 NA 0.424 9.9e-17 NA 1.5e-18 NA 1.9e-19
5 GTEx Testis 0.4610 0.0670 4.0e-13 0.442 NA 0.403 NA 0.427 1.7e-21 NA 3.3e-19 NA 1.4e-20
6 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0813 0.0273 8.2e-05 0.016 0.041 0.042 0.041 0.029 2.9e-03 4.4e-06 3.6e-06 4.7e-06 1.1e-04
7 YFS Blood 0.0495 0.0173 1.5e-05 0.006 0.015 0.017 0.016 0.019 4.4e-03 6.4e-06 1.9e-06 4.6e-06 4.0e-07
8 TCGA Glioblastoma Multiforme 0.2470 0.1180 9.5e-03 -0.001 0.000 -0.006 NA -0.010 3.3e-01 3.2e-01 5.3e-01 NA 9.5e-01
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0947 0.0318 8.3e-08 0.100 0.068 0.065 NA 0.072 2.2e-11 4.3e-08 8.0e-08 NA 1.5e-08
10 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.2380 0.0740 1.7e-07 0.196 0.158 0.199 NA 0.206 2.0e-11 2.3e-09 1.4e-11 NA 5.9e-12
11 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0420 0.0220 5.2e-03 -0.002 0.014 0.000 NA -0.002 6.8e-01 1.5e-02 3.2e-01 NA 5.1e-01

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 4.5 1.1 0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -1.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -2.1
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.3 4.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.6 1.4 -1.4 0.2 -0.5 -2.0 1.6 1.4 -0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.1 5.9 0.1 2.4 0.9 -0.7 0.8 1.6 -1.3 0.4 -2.0 -2.0 -1.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.4 4.8 1.3 2.2 0.3 1.3 -1.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -2.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.3 6.0 -0.6 -0.7 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -1.3 -0.5 -2.5 0.9 0.6 -1.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.8 7.7 0.3 2.2 -0.8 1.4 -1.2 2.8 0.5 -1.6 0.2 0.1 -0.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.4 5.4 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 2.3 -2.2 0.6 0.5 -2.1 2.1 2.1 0.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.9 1.2 4.3 -1.5 -0.5 -0.5 1.1 -1.0 -1.4 0.5 -2.1 0.9 0.7 0.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.3 2.8 4.9 -2.0 0.6 -2.2 2.2 -2.0 1.2 1.1 -1.6 1.8 1.4 1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.0 1.0 2.0 0.0 0.9 1.4 -1.3 1.4 0.7 -0.8 0.6 -1.4 -1.3 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.6 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.7 -1.2 -0.8 -0.5
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 -1.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.8 2.9 -0.8 -1.0 1.4 -0.7 0.6 -1.7 -0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.1 0.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.7 -1.1 1.2 -0.5 0.4 -1.5 -0.0 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.8 3.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.0 0.6 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 -1.8 1.1 0.9 -0.9
Breast Cancer 0.7 1.8 8.6 2.9 0.6 -0.9 0.9 -0.7 1.7 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -2.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.8 0.7 -1.2
Prostate Cancer 0.9 1.2 3.8 -1.7 -0.5 0.9 -1.3 1.3 -1.9 0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1 0.1
Age at First Birth 1.7 2.5 7.8 0.2 -1.0 -0.5 1.8 -2.1 1.2 -0.0 -1.1 2.6 2.8 -1.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.5 2.9 0.9 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.7 2.4 6.7 1.3 2.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.9 1.1 -1.0 0.1 -2.3 -2.6 -1.4
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.0 2.4 8.6 -1.8 -2.9 0.7 -0.8 0.6 -2.9 -1.5 -0.9 0.9 0.4 0.7
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 1.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 0.0 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 1.0
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.0 -0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 2.7 -0.1 0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6
LDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 7.2 2.7 0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.0 1.8 0.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3
Lupus 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.9
Neuroticism (2016) 0.7 1.1 3.4 -1.9 1.4 0.3 0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 1.1 -1.6 -1.5 0.5
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.5 0.7 3.5 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.7 0.9 3.3 -0.2 1.8 -0.2 1.3 -1.4 0.2 -1.3 0.4 0.3 0.0 -1.0
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.4 1.0 3.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 -1.3 0.3 -1.9 0.9 0.7 1.0
Triglycerides 0.9 1.5 4.6 1.6 -0.1 -0.7 1.3 -1.2 2.1 0.9 -1.1 1.2 1.2 0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.2 1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.2 -1.2 -1.1 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 0.2
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.6 1.6 -1.2 -0.0 0.9 -0.6 0.4 -1.3 -0.6 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.7 4.2 -2.0 0.5 -1.0 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2
Blood Platelet Count 1.3 14.6 43.6 -6.4 0.2 0.3 -3.5 3.5 -6.6 -2.6 0.3 -3.7 -4.3 3.4
Blood Red Count 0.4 4.2 11.3 0.2 -1.3 -1.7 2.4 -2.4 0.4 1.0 -3.2 3.4 2.8 -0.1
Blood White Count 1.6 11.7 26.8 -3.1 -0.4 1.6 -4.4 4.5 -5.2 -3.0 1.5 -4.1 -4.3 1.7
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.8 5.5 -2.3 -1.0 -2.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 -1.2 0.7 0.7 2.2
BMI 0.6 3.5 10.0 0.2 -0.9 1.1 -3.1 3.2 -1.1 -0.9 2.2 -2.2 -2.2 0.6
Height 0.4 6.8 26.0 -0.5 1.6 -5.1 -1.1 1.7 0.6 -0.2 -4.0 -3.2 -3.9 -0.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.6 2.5 12.5 0.9 -0.1 3.5 -1.6 1.5 0.1 -1.3 1.9 -1.2 -1.0 -1.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.7 8.4 15.2 3.7 2.9 3.5 -3.2 3.2 1.9 -1.9 0.8 -3.7 -3.9 -0.3
Smoking Status 0.8 1.9 4.2 -0.3 -0.0 0.4 -1.7 1.8 -1.6 -1.3 1.4 -1.9 -2.0 0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 5.0 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -2.2 0.3 -1.6 -0.3 -0.6 -1.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 1.9 10.1 3.2 1.3 0.3 1.0 -0.8 2.3 0.8 -0.9 0.7 0.4 -0.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.5 1.1 6.1 0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -1.4 2.5 -0.5 -0.4 -1.7
Respiratory disease 1.1 2.4 8.0 -1.8 1.2 0.7 -0.6 0.6 -2.1 -2.8 0.3 -1.3 -1.7 -1.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.9 -0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 1.2 7.7 2.8 -0.9 -0.9 0.4 0.0 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -1.8
Lung FVC 0.5 2.8 7.0 0.4 2.6 -2.0 2.3 -2.2 2.6 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.1
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 3.3 -1.1 1.7 -0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.8 0.6 -1.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.4
Chronotype (morning person) 2.0 4.5 26.3 -0.1 2.9 -1.7 1.0 -1.4 0.5 -2.8 0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -5.1
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.1 5.2 -0.7 -1.9 2.0 -1.8 1.8 -2.3 0.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 1.3
Tanning 0.1 0.8 3.6 -0.9 -0.1 1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -1.6 0.7 0.6 1.9
Hand grip strength (left) 1.3 3.4 10.3 2.0 3.2 1.0 -1.1 1.0 0.7 -1.4 0.8 -2.5 -2.9 -1.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.5 0.9 2.5 1.6 -1.1 0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.0 -1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 5.0 -1.1 -0.6 1.2 -0.4 0.2 -2.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.6
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.6 2.6 -0.0 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.6 1.6 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 2.9 -0.2 1.7 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 2.7 1.3 -0.5 -0.2 1.2 -1.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 1.6 1.5 -0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.5 1.5 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 -1.1 0.9 -0.6 0.7 -1.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.1 1.4 3.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 1.8 -1.8 -1.5 0.1 -0.4 1.9 1.7 -0.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.6 2.6 1.1 -1.6 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.8 3.1 1.7 -0.0 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.8 1.3 -1.4 0.2 0.6 0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.5 7.2 16.1 3.6 2.3 4.0 -2.7 2.7 2.0 -1.6 2.2 -3.2 -3.0 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.6 0.6 1.9 0.2 1.0 1.4 -0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.8 1.1
Angina 0.4 0.5 1.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.7 -0.4 -1.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.7 1.0 4.3 -2.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.2 -1.8 0.6 0.2 0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.8 0.9 4.1 1.6 -1.1 2.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.8 -0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 2.1 2.4 5.8 0.2 -1.1 1.3 -2.4 2.3 -1.8 -1.2 0.2 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4
Medication: Metformin 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.6 1.1 -1.1 0.8 -0.6 1.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Diabetes (father) 1.1 1.3 4.0 1.9 1.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 2.0 0.6 0.0 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3
Diabetes (mother) 0.9 1.1 3.0 0.5 1.4 0.2 -0.6 0.8 0.0 -0.8 1.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.7 2.4 0.5 -1.6 1.4 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 0.7 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.9
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1
Impedance of leg (right) 1.1 5.2 10.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.9 2.8 -2.6 2.9 2.5 -2.4 2.9 3.2 0.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.3 6.9 17.8 0.7 0.8 -0.0 -3.8 3.8 -1.3 -2.3 2.0 -4.1 -4.2 -0.7
Trunk fat percentage 1.0 4.0 10.0 0.1 -2.8 1.5 -3.0 3.2 -2.0 -0.2 1.8 -1.5 -1.1 2.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.1 6.4 0.9 2.5 0.9 -0.8 0.5 0.7 -2.0 1.3 -1.8 -2.2 -0.9
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.4 0.6 3.8 -2.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 0.2
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -1.0 1.1 -0.9 -1.2 0.8 -1.3 -1.5 0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.6 1.9 5.2 -1.0 0.1 -0.6 1.9 -2.2 0.6 -0.5 -0.8 2.3 2.1 0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 2.1 3.1 10.4 -0.0 2.0 1.1 -1.2 1.2 0.0 -3.2 2.5 -1.8 -2.1 -1.1
Fed-up feelings 1.6 2.9 5.3 1.4 2.3 1.2 -0.7 0.9 1.8 -1.9 0.6 -2.3 -2.1 -2.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 3.5 0.9 1.9 0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -1.0 1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.7
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 2.6 -0.5 -0.7 1.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.7 -1.6 0.5 0.4 0.9
Taking other prescription medications 0.6 0.9 2.5 1.2 -1.6 0.9 -1.1 1.2 -1.0 0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.1 1.0
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.0 2.5 5.7 0.4 -1.5 -0.5 1.3 -1.2 1.1 2.4 -1.6 2.0 2.4 1.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.4 0.9 0.2 -1.2 -0.7 0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 0.8 2.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.9 -1.0 1.2 0.4 -0.8 0.7 -1.5 -1.4 -0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.3 1.4 3.8 -0.9 0.6 -1.9 1.5 -1.3 0.9 1.2 -1.7 0.5 0.6 -1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.8 3.6 7.6 -2.8 1.6 0.6 -1.9 1.8 -1.4 -2.7 0.5 -2.4 -2.7 0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.3 1.6 9.5 -0.6 0.3 1.7 -0.4 0.6 -3.1 -0.5 -1.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1
High blood pressure 1.0 2.9 13.6 3.7 2.5 0.4 1.0 -0.9 2.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 -1.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.5 1.0 6.8 -1.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.5 -2.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.7 0.9 2.8 1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.9 1.0 -0.8 1.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.6 -1.3 0.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.9
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.7 0.9 4.6 2.2 0.3 1.5 -0.4 0.8 0.8 0.0 1.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.6 0.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 1.4 -0.5 0.0 1.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.8 1.0 5.9 2.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 0.1 -0.9
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.8 2.1 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.7 -0.9 -0.0 -1.4 1.4 0.8 0.7 -1.3
Sitting height 0.6 4.2 28.1 -1.6 1.0 -5.3 0.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 -3.3 -0.6 -1.3 -0.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.6 1.9 4.4 1.2 2.1 0.3 2.1 -2.0 1.4 0.7 0.1 1.4 1.3 -0.8
High blood pressure (mother) 3.1 4.4 10.0 2.0 3.2 1.4 -0.7 0.7 2.3 -1.8 2.6 -2.2 -1.8 -2.7
Body mass index (BMI) 1.7 7.3 17.1 1.5 -1.1 2.1 -4.1 4.1 -1.5 -1.5 3.9 -3.2 -2.9 0.2
Impedance of leg (left) 0.8 4.0 7.1 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 2.6 -2.4 2.1 2.2 -2.4 2.6 2.7 1.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.3 7.0 18.2 0.7 0.8 -0.1 -3.8 3.9 -1.4 -2.2 1.9 -4.1 -4.3 -0.8
Trunk fat mass 1.1 4.7 13.6 0.5 -2.0 1.2 -3.5 3.7 -1.7 -0.7 2.0 -2.4 -2.1 1.4
Waist circumference 2.4 8.7 20.7 1.5 -1.3 2.9 -4.5 4.5 -1.4 -1.5 4.1 -3.5 -3.1 -0.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 1.0 3.0 1.6 -0.7 -1.6 0.7 -0.4 0.7 1.7 -0.3 0.1 0.5 -1.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 2.1 0.4 0.4 -1.0 0.7 -0.8 1.0 1.4 -0.0 0.6 0.7 -0.6
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.2 1.9 5.7 -1.0 -1.1 0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 2.4 -1.5 1.2 1.4 2.3
Nervous feelings 1.0 1.8 4.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 1.9 -1.9 1.4 1.1 -1.0 2.0 1.9 0.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.1 4.2 -0.1 0.9 1.6 1.0 -0.9 -0.4 -2.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 -1.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.7 2.3 0.1 -0.5 1.5 -0.7 0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.9 1.1 4.3 -1.1 0.9 0.9 -1.2 0.9 -0.0 -0.8 2.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.1
Had menopause 0.9 1.2 3.5 0.7 -1.6 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 0.5 1.4 0.4 1.6 1.9 0.5
Had other major operations 0.6 0.7 2.5 1.5 -1.6 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.6 0.4 0.5 -1.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.8 3.0 12.1 -1.2 3.5 -2.5 0.7 -0.6 1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.7 -2.2 -0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.5 1.4 -1.2 0.3 -1.0 -0.7 0.8 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 0.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 2.0 2.5 6.3 1.1 0.0 1.4 -2.1 2.5 -0.2 0.9 1.1 -2.5 -2.2 0.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.9 -0.7 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.9 1.0 0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 1.0 4.5 0.6 0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.4 -1.0 -0.8 2.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.0 1.5 3.7 1.0 0.8 0.7 -1.3 1.5 0.4 -1.1 1.2 -1.9 -1.8 -0.8
Heart attack 1.8 2.3 6.7 -1.2 -2.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.2 -2.2 1.3 -2.6 1.0 0.8 1.9
Allergy 0.9 2.1 8.8 2.1 0.4 -1.2 1.3 -1.1 3.0 1.2 -0.4 1.2 1.3 0.8
Pain all over the body in last month 0.9 0.9 3.6 1.2 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -1.4 1.3 -0.8 -0.6 -1.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.9 0.7 -0.4 -0.2 -1.0 1.4 -0.3 1.1 -0.1 -1.1 -0.9 0.0
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.0 2.7 6.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 2.4 -2.5 -0.6 1.4 -2.1 1.9 2.0 -1.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Simvastatin 1.5 2.1 5.6 2.4 -0.3 -1.6 1.8 -1.6 1.9 1.0 -0.2 1.6 1.6 0.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.2 2.7 -1.1 -0.5 0.6 -1.0 1.0 -1.5 -1.3 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.5 1.6 -1.2 -0.3 -1.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.6
Neuroticism score 0.4 0.9 4.8 -1.2 2.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8
Weight 1.5 7.2 17.4 1.3 -0.1 0.7 -4.1 4.2 -1.1 -1.8 2.9 -4.0 -3.9 -0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 1.1 5.0 12.7 -3.6 -1.1 -1.3 2.3 -2.4 -0.5 1.4 -2.9 2.8 2.7 1.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.5 5.9 14.8 -0.5 -2.0 2.0 -3.9 3.8 -2.5 -1.2 2.8 -2.4 -2.1 1.2
Trunk fat-free mass 1.1 6.2 17.1 1.8 1.7 -0.8 -3.0 3.2 0.4 -2.0 1.2 -4.0 -4.1 -1.5
Hip circumference 2.1 9.3 24.1 1.1 -1.4 1.7 -4.8 4.9 -2.2 -1.3 3.6 -3.9 -3.6 0.6
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.5
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.6 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.4 0.7 1.8 -1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.8 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.3 2.1 5.9 -0.2 1.2 2.4 -0.8 0.8 -1.1 -2.1 1.0 -1.3 -1.3 -2.0
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.6 -1.6 0.2 -0.6 0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.8 1.1 3.7 0.8 0.6 0.2 1.5 -1.3 0.9 0.5 -1.9 1.3 0.9 0.5
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 2.7 1.2 0.5 0.1 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.9 -1.7 0.8 0.5 -0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.7 2.4 10.2 -0.4 3.2 -2.0 0.3 -0.2 1.2 -1.2 -0.4 -1.8 -2.2 -1.0
Pulse rate 0.8 1.4 4.3 -0.9 -2.1 0.8 -1.3 1.4 -1.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 1.5
Happiness 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1
Noisy workplace 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.2 0.4 2.4 -1.6 0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.1 1.3 3.2 0.4 1.8 -1.2 1.8 -1.5 1.7 1.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.9 1.5 5.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 2.2 -0.9 1.3 1.3 2.2
Asthma 0.8 1.7 3.8 -1.5 -0.3 1.7 -0.7 0.7 -2.0 -1.9 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -1.7
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.4 2.1 4.8 1.0 -2.1 -0.6 1.4 -1.2 -0.9 1.0 -1.1 2.2 2.2 1.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 2.1 1.4 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 1.0 -1.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.1 5.2 2.3 -0.4 0.6 -1.2 1.4 0.7 -0.2 0.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2
Lung cancer (father) 2.0 2.4 5.7 -1.2 0.2 1.0 -2.2 2.3 -1.0 0.5 1.1 -2.4 -2.2 0.8
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.7 2.8 -1.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 1.1 0.8 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.5 1.6 6.4 0.1 2.5 -2.2 0.6 -0.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.1
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1
Impedance of arm (left) 1.3 6.0 12.3 -3.3 -1.6 -0.6 2.5 -2.7 -0.6 1.4 -3.2 3.5 3.3 1.9
Arm fat mass (right) 1.9 7.8 20.8 1.0 -1.5 1.7 -4.5 4.6 -1.9 -1.5 3.1 -3.5 -3.1 0.4
Trunk predicted mass 1.1 6.2 17.0 1.9 1.8 -0.8 -3.0 3.2 0.5 -2.1 1.3 -4.0 -4.1 -1.6
Standing height 0.3 2.7 9.8 -0.2 1.8 -3.1 -0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.9 -1.9 -2.0 -2.5 -0.7
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 4.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 2.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.2 1.3 4.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 1.1 -0.8 -2.0 1.0 -1.4 -1.6 -0.9
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.3 1.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.0 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 1.0 3.3 -1.2 1.8 -0.2 1.2 -1.3 0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.3 1.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 4.4 -0.3 0.3 2.1 -1.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.3 1.5 -1.2 -1.0 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.6 3.9 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.4 -0.1 1.5
Birth weight of first child 1.8 3.3 8.3 0.4 -1.2 2.0 -2.6 2.8 -2.9 -0.1 -0.8 -1.7 -1.8 0.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.7 3.9 11.5 -0.6 2.8 -2.1 -0.9 1.1 0.5 -2.2 0.2 -2.9 -3.4 -1.8
Pulse wave reflection index 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.1 1.4 3.5 1.1 0.0 0.8 -1.7 1.9 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -1.9 -1.8 -0.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.2 0.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.9 -1.6 0.6 0.2 -1.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 2.2 -1.5 0.9 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.0 0.6 -0.3 1.0 -1.0 1.1 0.1 -1.3 0.4 0.4 -0.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.9 1.4 -0.1 1.4 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.2 -1.3 1.0 -0.8 0.7 -1.1 0.5 0.8 -0.0 0.1 0.5
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.9 5.2 -0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.9 -0.5 -0.4 2.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.8 4.3 -1.6 1.5 -0.2 -1.1 0.7 0.1 -1.7 2.1 -1.5 -1.6 -1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 8.2 9.7 23.8 0.6 -0.6 1.2 -4.7 4.9 -1.9 -1.7 3.9 -4.3 -4.2 -0.8
Gout (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 3.6 1.4 0.5 1.9 0.1 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.9 3.3 0.3 0.9 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 1.8 0.4 0.4 -1.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.9 1.3 4.7 2.2 -1.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 1.7 -0.8 1.3 1.5 0.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.2 1.5 3.1 -1.6 0.2 1.5 -1.0 1.1 -1.7 -1.0 1.8 -1.3 -1.1 0.5
Birth weight 0.5 1.0 5.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -2.4 0.8 0.5 -1.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.7 2.6 10.5 -0.7 3.2 -2.6 0.7 -0.4 1.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.6 -2.0 0.5
Body fat percentage 1.1 4.3 10.8 0.4 -2.4 1.8 -3.2 3.3 -1.7 -0.4 2.3 -1.8 -1.4 1.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.1 4.0 9.4 1.9 -1.9 2.2 -3.0 3.1 -0.1 -0.1 2.9 -1.8 -1.2 0.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.2 6.1 14.5 2.9 1.2 -0.8 -2.9 3.2 0.8 -1.6 2.0 -3.8 -3.7 -1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.9 1.2 3.9 0.1 -0.9 0.4 -1.7 2.0 -0.8 0.5 0.2 -1.5 -1.4 -0.3
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.0 1.8 -0.8 1.2 0.8 -0.9 0.9 -1.2 -1.1 1.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.1
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.9 1.5 5.5 -0.2 1.3 -1.7 0.8 -0.5 1.0 2.1 -2.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.8 -0.8 1.0 -1.0 1.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.6 3.6 0.5 1.0 0.9 -1.2 1.4 -0.7 -1.7 1.4 -1.9 -1.9 -0.5
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.2 -0.0 0.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 2.2 2.5 5.1 1.1 0.0 -0.5 2.3 -1.9 1.2 2.3 -1.8 1.8 2.1 -0.4
Age at first live birth 1.9 3.4 6.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.8 2.2 -2.3 0.2 0.7 -2.5 2.6 2.6 -0.9
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.7 0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0
Health satisfaction 0.9 1.2 4.4 0.3 -0.2 2.1 -1.3 1.4 -1.2 -1.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.0 1.2 5.8 2.4 0.3 1.1 -0.0 0.2 0.7 -1.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -2.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.7 2.9 -0.3 0.4 1.7 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 -1.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.5 2.9 6.9 0.2 0.9 -1.1 2.6 -2.6 1.5 -0.1 -2.5 1.9 1.9 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.4 1.9 -1.4 0.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.6 0.9
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.4 1.6 4.0 -1.4 -0.7 1.2 -1.5 1.4 -2.0 -1.4 0.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.6
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.4 1.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 1.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.2 4.5 1.9 -1.0 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.3 1.7 -2.1 0.7 0.8 0.3
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.7 1.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.6 -1.3 0.9 1.0 0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 4.7 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.1 2.2 -0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.8
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 4.3 0.8 -0.3 2.1 -0.6 0.6 0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 1.0 1.2 2.6 0.5 -1.6 -0.3 1.1 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -1.5 1.5 1.5 1.1
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.6 1.1 2.5 1.1 -1.4 1.3 0.0 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.9 0.4 1.0 1.5
Heart disease (mother) 1.2 1.5 3.6 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 1.8 -1.5 -0.1 1.1 -1.3 1.8 1.9 0.8
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 1.5 -1.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 0.8 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4
Whole body fat mass 1.5 6.1 16.4 1.1 -1.3 1.5 -3.9 4.0 -1.3 -1.2 2.8 -3.1 -2.8 0.8
Leg fat mass (right) 1.4 5.6 14.3 1.7 -1.0 1.5 -3.6 3.8 -0.7 -1.1 3.2 -3.0 -2.6 0.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.1 5.6 13.6 2.6 1.0 -0.7 -2.9 3.2 0.6 -1.4 2.1 -3.7 -3.6 -0.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.7 2.1 6.1 1.6 -1.5 0.4 -1.6 2.0 -0.0 0.1 1.8 -1.2 -1.2 2.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.7 2.6 1.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 1.0 1.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.7 6.2 -0.1 1.0 -2.5 -0.6 1.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.6 -1.6 -2.0 -0.9
Number of full sisters 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 1.1 -0.0 -0.8 0.8 -1.3 -1.3 0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.8 1.3 3.3 -0.6 0.4 -1.8 1.7 -1.5 0.8 1.3 -0.5 0.8 0.9 -1.0
Overall health rating 0.7 1.5 5.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.8 -1.3 1.4 -2.4 -1.4 1.2 -1.0 -1.2 -0.1
Chest pain or discomfort 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.2 -0.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.9
Had major operations 3.7 4.4 11.1 -0.1 -3.3 1.6 0.6 -0.7 -1.9 2.3 -2.7 2.4 2.7 2.2
Age at last live birth 1.2 1.8 4.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 2.0 -2.1 0.5 1.0 -1.1 1.9 2.1 -0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 1.0 3.1 -0.2 1.6 1.4 0.0 -0.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -1.8
Leg pain on walking 1.0 1.2 5.8 1.1 -2.4 -1.0 -0.0 0.1 0.0 2.0 -0.5 0.7 1.0 -0.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.8 1.0 2.2 0.8 0.0 0.5 -1.2 1.4 -0.0 0.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.1 1.4 5.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.9 1.5 1.5 2.3
Medication: Aspirin 1.8 2.4 4.7 1.6 0.2 0.2 1.9 -1.8 1.4 1.2 -0.9 2.1 2.2 1.7
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.8 0.9 3.6 1.9 -0.1 -1.1 1.3 -1.0 0.6 0.6 -0.6 0.9 0.7 0.0
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 2.3 1.1 -1.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -1.2 0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.8 -1.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.0 2.8 15.9 4.0 2.1 0.7 0.7 -0.6 2.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -1.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.2 1.5 3.8 0.2 -0.5 -1.1 1.7 -1.6 0.4 0.4 -1.9 1.6 1.5 -0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.5 3.5 9.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 2.6 -2.5 0.1 -0.6 -1.4 3.0 2.9 0.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.9 1.1 2.8 1.3 0.6 0.6 -0.9 1.1 0.9 0.2 1.7 -1.5 -1.3 0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 1.6 -0.9 -0.6 1.1 -1.2 1.3 -1.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.8 1.7 5.5 -1.4 1.2 -0.7 -1.1 1.3 -0.4 -1.6 0.1 -1.9 -2.4 -0.4
Whole body fat-free mass 1.3 7.3 20.1 1.7 1.4 -0.6 -3.6 3.8 -0.2 -2.2 1.7 -4.4 -4.5 -1.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.4 7.6 20.7 0.2 1.1 -0.3 -3.8 3.8 -1.7 -2.5 2.0 -4.3 -4.5 -0.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.4 5.7 14.1 -0.4 -2.2 2.3 -3.8 3.7 -2.5 -1.3 2.8 -2.1 -1.8 1.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.8 2.5 -0.0 1.2 0.3 -0.8 0.9 0.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.3 -1.6 -0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.1 1.3 6.5 0.2 2.5 -1.2 0.8 -0.7 1.1 -0.4 0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9
Mood swings 0.8 1.5 4.6 -1.1 1.3 2.2 -0.8 0.5 -0.2 -2.1 1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6
Loneliness, isolation 1.5 2.1 6.8 0.6 1.2 0.5 -1.4 1.3 0.6 -0.6 1.2 -2.1 -2.0 -2.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.6 4.2 0.3 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.4 -2.0 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.5
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 2.4 -0.5 -0.4 -1.6 0.6 -0.7 0.5 1.4 -0.2 1.0 0.8 -0.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.5 1.8 1.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 1.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.1 1.2 7.4 2.7 -0.2 1.3 -0.5 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.4
Friendships satisfaction 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.3 0.7 0.9 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.3 -0.3 1.3 -1.3 1.0 0.2 -0.5 0.9 0.8 -1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.7 1.8 4.8 -0.8 1.7 -1.4 2.1 -2.2 0.4 1.0 -0.2 1.3 1.0 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 5.2 -0.1 2.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.3 2.0 4.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.0 1.1 -1.4 -1.0 1.0 -0.6 2.1 2.2 0.5
Medication for cholesterol 0.9 1.4 4.9 -2.2 -1.0 0.7 -1.4 1.5 -1.3 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.9
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.4 1.6 8.4 1.4 1.3 -1.9 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -2.9
Back pain experienced in last month 1.3 2.0 6.3 -1.9 -0.5 -1.4 1.2 -0.9 -1.3 1.9 -2.5 0.6 0.4 1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.9 2.6 17.1 -4.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 -2.5 -1.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 3.7 -1.0 -1.9 0.9 -0.6 0.3 -1.2 1.7 -1.7 0.9 0.9 1.6
Asthma (self-reported) 0.9 1.7 4.5 -1.5 -0.3 2.0 -0.7 0.7 -2.1 -1.8 1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.6 -1.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 3.9 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -1.4 1.3 -0.1 -1.1 2.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.2 2.4 1.1 0.1 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.6 0.9 -1.0 1.5 1.4 1.6
Medication: Gliclazide 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.4 1.7 4.3 0.9 -2.1 1.2 -1.7 1.8 -1.7 1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.6 0.6
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.9 -0.7 -1.2 0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.4 1.1 -1.0 -0.1 -1.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.2 1.0
Whole body water mass 1.2 7.0 19.2 1.6 1.3 -0.6 -3.5 3.7 -0.3 -2.1 1.7 -4.3 -4.4 -1.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.5 8.1 21.8 0.2 1.1 -0.2 -4.0 4.0 -1.8 -2.6 2.1 -4.4 -4.7 -0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 1.6 6.7 17.1 0.6 -1.3 1.6 -4.1 4.1 -1.9 -1.7 3.2 -3.2 -2.9 0.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.0 -0.7 1.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.3 1.7 7.4 -2.7 -0.4 -0.3 1.2 -1.4 -1.7 -0.6 0.2 1.6 1.5 0.2
Miserableness 1.3 2.2 7.3 -0.2 2.7 1.2 -0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.1 1.4 -2.1 -2.1 -0.5
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.7 4.0 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 1.1 1.0 -2.0 0.2 0.4 -0.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 3.2 1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.7 0.9 0.5 1.5 1.8 -0.5 -0.0 0.8
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 1.8 -1.0 -0.9 0.4 -1.1 0.9 -0.2 -1.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.8
Hearing aid user 1.1 1.2 2.9 -1.7 -1.4 0.5 -0.8 0.7 -1.7 -0.4 -1.5 0.3 0.1 1.2
Mother’s age at death 1.5 1.8 4.2 -0.5 -2.0 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 1.0 -1.7 2.0 2.1 1.3
Financial situation satisfaction 0.7 0.9 2.6 1.0 0.8 0.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.2 1.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.9 2.7 -0.6 0.2 1.2 -1.6 1.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.2 -0.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 8.0 9.5 24.0 1.4 -0.4 1.9 -4.7 4.9 -1.1 -1.7 3.7 -4.3 -4.1 -0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.1 4.0 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 -0.9 1.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.6 -1.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.9 2.3 5.6 -2.1 -0.4 -1.6 -1.4 1.6 -2.4 -0.7 0.3 -1.9 -2.1 -0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.8 2.4 14.2 3.8 1.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.4 2.6 0.9 0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.4 2.6 8.2 2.9 1.1 -0.8 1.7 -1.3 2.4 2.3 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.6 1.0 2.7 0.4 0.0 1.6 -1.6 1.6 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 -1.1 0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 1.2 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.1 -0.9 1.0 -0.8 0.9 -0.9 0.4 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.2 1.5 8.0 -0.8 2.8 -0.9 1.0 -0.8 1.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.5 0.9 -1.4 1.1 -0.9 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.1
Ever smoked 0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.6 -0.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.6
Basal metabolic rate 1.4 7.7 20.2 1.5 1.1 -0.2 -3.8 4.0 -0.4 -2.3 2.1 -4.4 -4.5 -1.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.3 4.6 11.6 1.3 -1.8 2.1 -3.3 3.4 -0.8 -0.3 3.0 -2.2 -1.7 1.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.4 7.0 17.9 2.6 1.3 -0.6 -3.2 3.5 0.5 -1.9 2.2 -4.2 -4.1 -1.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.7 4.1 12.8 1.6 -2.6 -0.3 1.0 -0.7 -1.4 3.2 -3.6 1.9 1.9 1.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 1.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.2 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.5
Irritability 1.1 1.8 7.8 0.2 2.8 0.8 1.3 -1.2 1.3 -1.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.8
Risk taking 0.9 1.4 8.6 2.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -2.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.3 1.5 2.8 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2 1.5 -1.5 -1.2 0.4 -1.6 1.7 1.6 -1.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.7 0.9 2.9 1.5 0.3 0.6 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.8 1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -1.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 2.0 2.5 6.4 0.3 -2.2 -1.9 1.1 -0.9 0.4 2.5 -1.7 1.6 2.0 1.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 1.0 2.1 1.3 0.9 1.4 -1.4 1.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.2 1.5 3.4 0.5 0.4 1.0 -1.3 1.6 0.6 1.4 1.2 -1.9 -1.4 1.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 2.6 -0.3 -1.2 1.0 0.2 0.2 -1.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.5 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 0.3 -1.1 0.6 0.4 -1.7
Myopia 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.7 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 -1.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -1.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.9 2.4 14.1 -3.8 -1.8 -0.6 -0.9 0.8 -2.0 0.0 1.2 -0.3 -0.1 1.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.7 2.5 8.2 2.5 0.6 -1.1 1.5 -1.5 2.9 1.7 0.0 1.3 1.4 0.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.8 0.9 2.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1 1.4 1.2 0.7
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.6 0.9 1.4 -0.0 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.2
Supplements: Calcium 1.1 1.2 4.6 1.4 -1.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.6 2.1 -2.1 0.4 0.5 0.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.4 0.2 1.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.5 1.9 5.4 -1.0 -1.9 -0.8 -0.1 0.2 -1.9 1.1 -2.3 0.9 0.7 2.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.2 1.5 -0.2 1.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.6 0.3 0.5 -0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 0.2 1.4 -0.8 0.3 0.4 1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.6 0.6 3.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.9 -1.9 0.7 0.4 0.4
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.9
Impedance of whole body 1.1 5.6 11.1 -2.0 -1.2 -1.0 2.9 -2.9 1.0 1.7 -3.2 3.3 3.3 1.6
Leg fat mass (left) 1.5 5.9 15.0 1.4 -1.0 1.4 -3.7 3.9 -1.0 -1.2 3.3 -3.1 -2.8 0.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.4 7.0 17.9 2.6 1.2 -0.6 -3.2 3.5 0.5 -2.0 2.2 -4.2 -4.1 -1.3