Hub : Genes

CBY1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0430 0.0180 3.3e-04 0.020 0.029 0.017 0.028 0.025 1.4e-03 1.5e-04 3.0e-03 0.00021 4.9e-04
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.2150 0.0520 6.5e-15 0.222 NA 0.210 NA 0.228 5.2e-18 NA 4.6e-17 NA 1.5e-18
3 GTEx Adipose Visceral Omentum 0.1500 0.0460 2.4e-07 0.223 NA 0.203 NA 0.211 8.3e-12 NA 8.1e-11 NA 3.4e-11
4 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.2960 0.0620 6.7e-13 0.235 NA 0.220 NA 0.251 3.4e-13 NA 2.5e-12 NA 4.8e-14
5 GTEx Artery Coronary 0.2590 0.0710 2.5e-07 0.204 NA 0.197 NA 0.215 1.9e-07 NA 3.1e-07 NA 8.3e-08
6 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.2282 0.0496 0.0e+00 0.278 NA 0.245 NA 0.260 5.6e-22 NA 3.4e-19 NA 1.9e-20
7 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.1060 0.0400 2.0e-04 0.079 NA 0.063 NA 0.072 7.1e-05 NA 3.6e-04 NA 1.5e-04
8 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.0392 0.0485 2.5e-01 -0.013 NA 0.017 NA 0.045 8.8e-01 NA 1.3e-01 NA 3.3e-02
9 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.1295 0.0645 1.1e-02 0.032 NA -0.009 NA 0.001 3.9e-02 NA 8.2e-01 NA 3.0e-01
10 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.3030 0.0510 0.0e+00 0.467 NA 0.461 NA 0.467 8.3e-39 NA 3.3e-38 NA 7.7e-39
11 GTEx Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction 0.1450 0.0570 1.0e-03 0.030 NA 0.033 NA 0.047 2.8e-02 NA 2.4e-02 NA 8.4e-03
12 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.1490 0.0490 4.2e-07 0.164 NA 0.066 NA 0.137 3.4e-10 NA 8.1e-05 NA 1.2e-08
13 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.2180 0.0442 0.0e+00 0.315 NA 0.334 NA 0.338 8.1e-23 NA 2.5e-24 NA 1.0e-24
14 GTEx Ovary 0.2300 0.0810 1.7e-04 0.224 NA 0.091 NA 0.203 3.3e-06 NA 3.0e-03 NA 9.9e-06
15 GTEx Pancreas 0.1390 0.0740 6.5e-03 -0.005 NA -0.006 NA -0.007 5.7e-01 NA 7.1e-01 NA 9.6e-01
16 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1120 0.0320 7.0e-09 0.133 NA 0.123 NA 0.122 3.8e-11 NA 2.1e-10 NA 2.8e-10
17 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0700 0.0380 2.8e-06 0.106 0.105 0.105 NA 0.101 1.0e-06 1.2e-06 1.2e-06 NA 1.9e-06
18 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0252 0.0194 2.5e-03 0.009 0.019 0.005 NA 0.005 3.2e-02 4.2e-03 9.4e-02 NA 8.1e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 -1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 8.3 17.5 22.6 -3.8 -4.6 -4.7 -4.6 -4.7 -4.7 -4.6 0.0 -4.5 -4.3 -3.2 -4.8 -4.6 -4.3 2.2 -4.5 4.4 4.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.0 3.0 4.5 -1.0 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 0.0 -1.7 -1.9 -1.4 -2.0 -1.9 -1.6 0.4 -2.1 1.7 1.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.9 2.2 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 1.5 -1.2 0.9 1.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 5.8 13.7 18.0 -3.0 -4.0 -4.1 -4.0 -4.0 -4.1 -3.9 0.0 -4.2 -3.9 -2.9 -4.0 -4.0 -4.2 2.4 -3.9 3.8 3.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.6 3.0 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 -1.7 0.1 -0.7 -0.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.0 1.3 9.1 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.8 3.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 -2.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.9 4.0 6.6 -2.0 -2.1 -2.2 -2.2 -2.1 -2.2 -2.1 0.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.4 -2.2 -2.0 -2.6 1.0 -2.3 1.9 1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 4.8 5.6 10.7 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.3 0.0 3.0 2.8 1.4 2.3 2.6 3.3 -1.0 2.0 -2.7 -2.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 1.6 -0.2 1.1 1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.0 4.4 8.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 0.0 2.9 2.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 3.0 -0.2 2.3 -2.0 -2.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 2.9 6.4 9.6 2.1 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 0.0 3.1 2.9 0.6 2.3 2.7 3.0 -1.1 2.6 -3.0 -3.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.9 2.2 4.3 0.8 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 0.0 2.1 1.8 -0.1 1.2 1.5 1.6 -0.5 1.9 -1.8 -2.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 -0.4 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 1.5 1.9 2.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.6 -1.6 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 0.7 -1.6 1.6 1.4
Reaction Time 0.4 0.8 1.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.3 1.3 1.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.4 3.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.8 -0.7 0.2 0.4
Breast Cancer 1.0 2.5 8.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 -2.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -1.9 0.4 -2.9 1.4 1.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.2 2.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 0.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2
Prostate Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.0 1.1 -0.3 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.4 1.1
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.7 1.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 0.8 -0.9 0.6 0.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.7
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.3
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 3.4 4.0 7.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.7 0.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.8 -1.0 1.9 -1.6 -1.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 3.1 5.1 7.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 0.0 2.8 2.6 0.4 2.1 2.5 2.7 -1.3 2.4 -2.6 -2.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.9 1.0 1.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 0.9 0.6
Fasting Glucose 0.8 0.9 1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.6 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 0.8 0.7
HbA1C 0.9 1.0 1.9 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 0.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 0.7 -1.4 1.0 1.0
HDL Cholesterol 2.2 3.8 6.4 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 0.0 2.5 2.1 0.8 2.0 2.0 2.3 -1.5 1.7 -2.0 -2.3
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.2
Lupus 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 -1.0 0.4 0.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 3.3 4.7 6.5 -2.5 -2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.3 0.0 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 1.6 -2.4 2.2 2.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 5.7 7.8 10.8 -3.1 -3.1 -2.8 -2.9 -2.7 -2.7 -2.6 0.0 -2.4 -3.3 -2.6 -2.7 -3.0 -2.9 2.3 -3.0 3.2 3.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.8 1.7 3.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.0 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.1 -1.8 0.8 -1.4 -1.1
Triglycerides 5.0 8.2 11.8 -3.0 -2.9 -2.9 -3.0 -2.9 -3.0 -3.1 0.0 -3.4 -3.0 -2.7 -3.0 -3.1 -3.4 1.3 -2.7 3.0 3.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.6 0.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.9 3.0 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.6 -1.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -0.6 -0.9 1.4 1.1
Blood Platelet Count 2.8 32.0 54.6 -7.4 -5.8 -6.2 -5.9 -6.3 -6.3 -6.1 0.0 -6.1 -5.0 -5.9 -6.2 -5.9 -6.2 2.2 -6.1 5.3 4.3
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.1 3.4 -0.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.9 1.8 1.1 0.9 0.6 -1.8 1.3 -0.8 -0.7
Blood White Count 0.5 4.0 18.5 -4.3 -2.0 -2.1 -2.1 -2.2 -2.1 -2.0 0.0 -1.9 -1.6 -0.4 -2.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.0 -1.6 1.9 1.3
Heel T-Score 17.9 142.5 169.0 11.7 12.7 12.6 13.0 12.7 12.5 12.7 0.0 12.4 12.8 10.8 12.5 12.8 12.4 -9.4 12.4 -12.8 -12.1
BMI 0.2 1.2 2.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 1.2 0.8
Height 0.9 16.6 37.1 -2.8 -4.3 -4.1 -4.5 -3.6 -4.0 -4.3 0.0 -3.1 -4.8 -3.2 -4.0 -4.3 -3.7 6.1 -4.2 4.7 4.8
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 2.2 10.0 27.3 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.2 0.0 3.0 3.3 5.2 3.0 3.2 3.0 -2.4 2.8 -3.3 -3.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.0 1.0 0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.6
Smoking Status 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5
Allergy or Eczema 1.1 3.0 4.9 -1.4 -1.9 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.6 0.0 -1.8 -2.1 0.6 -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 0.8 -1.9 1.9 2.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.2 3.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 -1.9 1.0 -1.1 1.4 1.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 3.0 6.8 9.6 -2.9 -2.6 -2.5 -2.6 -2.4 -2.4 -2.6 0.0 -3.0 -3.1 -1.5 -2.4 -2.7 -2.9 2.6 -2.7 3.0 3.0
Respiratory disease 0.9 2.0 4.9 -0.9 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 -1.4 -1.6 2.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 0.2 -0.9 1.4 1.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.3 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 -1.4 -0.7 0.2 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 0.8 9.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.7 -3.1 0.3 -0.3 0.0 1.2 -0.2 0.9 1.0
Lung FVC 0.0 0.1 1.0 -1.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.5
Neuroticism 2.9 7.1 11.1 -2.7 -2.9 -3.0 -2.8 -3.1 -3.0 -2.8 0.0 -3.1 -2.5 -1.6 -3.1 -2.8 -3.3 0.6 -2.8 2.6 2.2
Chronotype (morning person) 1.9 4.4 5.7 -1.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.4 -2.1 -2.3 -2.3 0.0 -2.2 -2.3 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 -2.2 0.9 -2.0 2.2 2.2
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.0
Tanning 0.3 3.5 5.4 2.0 1.9 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.2 0.0 2.2 2.1 1.0 1.8 1.9 2.3 -1.0 1.8 -2.1 -2.2
Hand grip strength (left) 3.3 8.7 12.5 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 0.0 2.6 3.5 1.7 3.0 3.3 2.7 -2.7 2.9 -3.5 -3.5
Number of treatments/medications taken 2.2 4.0 5.9 -2.4 -2.0 -2.2 -2.0 -2.2 -2.2 -2.1 0.0 -2.1 -1.9 -1.1 -2.2 -2.1 -2.2 1.4 -2.2 2.1 2.0
Average weekly spirits intake 1.6 2.0 3.7 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.0 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 -1.2 1.6 -1.7 -1.9
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.6 1.1 2.7 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6 -0.2 -1.2 1.2 1.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.0 1.6 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 0.9 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Relative age of first facial hair 1.5 3.0 6.7 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.8 -1.8 0.0 -1.8 -1.5 -2.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 2.6 -1.5 1.5 1.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.1 2.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 -1.5 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 1.3 -1.6 1.0 1.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 11.3 14.3 18.1 -3.8 -4.0 -4.2 -4.0 -4.0 -4.1 -4.0 0.0 -3.9 -4.1 -2.3 -4.2 -4.2 -4.3 2.7 -3.8 4.1 4.1
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.9 1.1 2.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 -1.0 1.2 1.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.6 1.8 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.0 1.3 0.9 -0.1 0.7 0.7 1.4 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.5
Angina 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 9.5 10.6 14.2 -3.0 -3.5 -3.7 -3.5 -3.7 -3.7 -3.7 0.0 -3.8 -3.4 -1.3 -3.8 -3.6 -3.7 1.6 -3.5 3.3 3.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.8 2.4 3.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 0.0 1.3 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.3 -1.0 1.3 -1.9 -1.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.7 1.9 3.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -0.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 -0.0 -1.9 1.4 1.4
Medication: Co-codamol 1.1 1.2 2.5 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.0 1.0 -1.2 1.4 1.6
Medication: Metformin 0.8 1.1 1.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 -1.2 1.1 1.1
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.3 2.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -1.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.2
Diabetes (mother) 2.0 2.6 4.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.0 -1.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.6 -0.5 -1.6 1.5 1.2
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.3 2.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.7 -1.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 3.5 5.4 8.1 -2.7 -2.5 -2.3 -2.5 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 0.0 -2.0 -2.6 -1.4 -2.3 -2.5 -2.2 1.5 -2.7 2.9 2.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.3 1.7 2.7 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.5 0.7 1.6 1.1 -1.6 -1.3
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.4 7.3 10.6 -2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -3.2 -2.8 -2.9 -3.0 0.0 -2.5 -3.2 -2.0 -2.8 -3.1 -2.7 1.1 -2.9 3.3 3.0
Trunk fat percentage 1.5 6.1 12.4 -1.6 -2.5 -2.6 -2.5 -3.0 -2.6 -2.7 0.0 -2.3 -2.3 -2.7 -2.6 -2.6 -2.6 1.7 -3.5 2.5 2.3
Hand grip strength (right) 3.8 10.4 13.3 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 0.0 3.3 3.5 2.1 3.5 3.5 3.2 -2.1 3.4 -3.5 -3.4
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 5.2 7.3 10.7 -2.2 -3.1 -3.2 -2.9 -3.2 -3.1 -3.0 0.0 -3.0 -2.8 -1.0 -3.3 -3.1 -2.8 1.0 -3.0 2.7 2.4
Current tobacco smoking 1.1 1.8 2.8 -1.1 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -0.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 0.1 -1.1 1.6 1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.0 1.2 6.4 -1.4 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 2.5 -0.3 1.4 1.6
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.9 0.7
Fed-up feelings 3.1 5.6 7.8 -2.1 -2.7 -2.7 -2.5 -2.8 -2.6 -2.4 0.0 -2.6 -2.5 -0.6 -2.7 -2.7 -2.7 0.9 -2.5 2.6 2.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.3 1.8 2.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.4 1.4 1.1
Relative age voice broke 0.1 0.2 2.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -1.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.1
Taking other prescription medications 2.3 3.6 5.7 -1.9 -1.9 -2.2 -2.1 -2.4 -2.3 -2.2 0.0 -1.8 -1.7 -0.9 -2.3 -2.1 -1.8 -0.0 -2.4 1.8 1.8
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.2 2.7 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.4 1.6 0.8 -0.0 0.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.3 1.5 2.7 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.4 -1.6 1.1 1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 7.7 17.4 22.7 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.1 0.0 3.8 4.6 3.6 4.3 4.6 4.4 -3.3 4.8 -4.7 -4.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.2 -0.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 3.2 4.3 6.0 -1.9 -2.3 -2.3 -2.3 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 0.0 -2.3 -2.1 -1.1 -2.3 -2.2 -2.3 0.6 -2.1 2.2 1.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.5 1.8 4.5 -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.0 2.1 -1.4 1.6 1.6
High blood pressure 0.6 1.6 3.5 -1.4 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 0.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.9 -1.0 -1.2 -1.7 1.0 -1.6 1.3 1.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.8 3.9 7.3 -1.6 -2.2 -2.2 -2.0 -1.8 -2.0 -1.8 0.0 -1.7 -2.4 1.0 -2.1 -2.2 -2.1 1.9 -2.2 2.2 2.7
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.0 1.3 4.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -2.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 0.7 -0.8 1.2 0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.8 2.3 4.9 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 0.0 -2.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.9 0.4 -1.6 1.2 1.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 8.9 10.5 16.0 -2.6 -3.5 -3.7 -3.8 -4.0 -3.9 -4.0 0.0 -3.6 -3.2 -1.0 -3.7 -3.6 -3.1 1.2 -3.8 3.3 2.9
Medication: Atenolol 0.9 1.1 1.7 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.0 1.2 1.3 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.6 1.1 -1.1 -0.9
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 2.4 4.0 6.4 -2.1 -2.1 -2.0 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 0.0 -2.5 -2.2 -1.4 -2.0 -2.1 -2.4 1.1 -2.4 2.2 2.2
Sitting height 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.0 1.1 4.6 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.0 1.2 1.2 1.6 0.8 0.9 1.3 -2.1 0.8 -1.0 -1.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.9 1.2 2.9 -1.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.3 -1.3 1.3 1.5
Body mass index (BMI) 0.7 2.9 5.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -2.2 -1.9 -1.9 0.0 -1.6 -1.6 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.6 -0.3 -2.0 1.8 1.5
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.7 2.9 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 0.0 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.2 1.1 -1.6 -1.3
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.4 7.4 10.8 -2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -3.3 -2.8 -2.9 -3.0 0.0 -2.5 -3.2 -2.0 -2.8 -3.1 -2.7 1.2 -2.9 3.3 3.0
Trunk fat mass 2.0 8.5 14.1 -2.1 -3.1 -3.1 -3.1 -3.4 -3.1 -3.2 0.0 -2.7 -2.9 -3.1 -3.0 -3.1 -3.0 1.7 -3.8 3.1 2.8
Waist circumference 1.4 5.2 7.5 -1.6 -2.5 -2.5 -2.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.6 0.0 -2.2 -2.3 -1.4 -2.5 -2.6 -2.3 1.1 -2.7 2.5 2.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.9 1.6 -0.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5 0.6 -0.9 1.2 1.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.7 3.9 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 0.0 -1.4 -1.2 -2.0 -1.0 -1.1 -1.5 1.6 -1.7 1.2 1.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.4 0.3
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.8 2.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2 1.5 -1.2 0.7 0.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 3.3 5.1 7.2 -1.9 -2.6 -2.5 -2.7 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 0.0 -2.2 -2.5 -0.8 -2.5 -2.5 -2.3 1.8 -2.3 2.5 2.3
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.3 0.5 4.3 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 2.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.3 1.6 3.3 -1.6 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.7 -0.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.6 0.2
Had menopause 1.1 1.3 2.4 -1.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -1.5 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 1.6 -1.3 1.1 0.9
Had other major operations 2.7 3.2 6.1 -1.6 -2.1 -1.9 -2.2 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 0.0 -1.6 -2.4 -0.4 -1.7 -2.1 -1.7 1.1 -1.3 2.4 2.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.8 3.0 4.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.8 0.0 -1.5 -2.0 -1.2 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 1.7 -1.8 1.8 1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 7.8 17.8 23.1 3.9 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 0.0 3.8 4.7 3.8 4.3 4.6 4.4 -3.9 4.7 -4.8 -4.7
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 3.3 4.1 8.8 -1.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -2.2 -2.1 -2.2 0.0 -2.8 -1.6 -3.0 -2.1 -1.9 -2.6 0.8 -2.5 1.6 1.3
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.1 1.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 6.1 8.2 11.5 -2.8 -3.2 -3.2 -3.4 -3.3 -3.3 -3.2 0.0 -2.6 -3.0 -2.0 -3.3 -3.2 -2.7 0.9 -3.0 3.1 2.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6
Heart attack 1.7 2.2 4.4 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 0.0 2.0 1.5 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.8 -0.1 1.5 -1.5 -1.2
Allergy 3.0 6.8 10.9 2.2 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 0.0 2.6 3.0 -0.9 2.8 2.9 2.7 -2.0 2.9 -2.9 -3.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.6 -0.7 0.8 0.7
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 0.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 1.0 0.9
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.0 0.6 0.8 1.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 -1.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.6
Medication: Ramipril 1.7 2.2 3.7 1.1 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.8 0.0 1.6 1.7 0.7 1.8 1.7 1.3 -0.0 1.4 -1.5 -1.5
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 1.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.3 2.5 -0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 1.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Illnesses of siblings 0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Neuroticism score 2.3 4.9 7.6 -2.2 -2.4 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 0.0 -2.5 -2.2 -1.3 -2.4 -2.4 -2.8 1.1 -2.5 2.3 2.2
Weight 1.7 8.6 11.3 -2.2 -3.2 -3.1 -3.4 -3.3 -3.2 -3.3 0.0 -2.6 -3.2 -2.8 -3.1 -3.2 -2.9 1.6 -3.3 3.3 3.1
Impedance of arm (right) 0.5 2.3 16.9 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 0.0 -1.4 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 -1.7 4.1 -1.9 1.1 1.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.6 6.5 10.9 -2.2 -2.6 -2.7 -2.6 -3.1 -2.7 -2.8 0.0 -2.5 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.7 -2.6 1.6 -3.3 2.6 2.3
Trunk fat-free mass 0.7 3.8 6.8 -1.5 -2.3 -2.1 -2.6 -1.9 -2.2 -2.3 0.0 -1.6 -2.5 -1.0 -2.1 -2.3 -1.7 0.9 -1.6 2.5 2.3
Hip circumference 5.1 22.1 26.5 -4.0 -5.0 -5.0 -5.1 -5.2 -5.0 -5.1 0.0 -4.8 -5.0 -4.3 -4.9 -5.1 -4.9 4.0 -4.9 5.1 4.8
Time employed in main current job 2.8 3.2 5.2 1.4 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.3 2.2 2.0 0.0 2.0 1.6 1.5 2.3 1.9 1.9 0.1 1.7 -1.6 -1.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 7.4 11.0 14.3 -3.5 -3.5 -3.5 -3.8 -3.7 -3.6 -3.8 0.0 -3.6 -3.7 -3.0 -3.5 -3.6 -3.2 1.2 -2.8 3.7 3.4
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.2
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.9 1.7 2.5 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 0.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 0.9 -1.5 1.2 1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.6 3.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 -1.5 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 -0.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 1.2 -1.3 1.3 1.2
Falls in the last year 1.1 1.5 3.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -1.6 -1.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.9 -1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.7 0.8 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1
Number of live births 0.6 0.8 1.5 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 1.1 -0.8 1.0 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.7 2.4 3.8 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 1.9 -1.8 1.6 1.6
Pulse rate 13.7 23.2 29.4 4.5 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 0.0 5.1 4.9 4.0 5.4 5.2 4.8 -3.2 5.3 -4.8 -4.5
Happiness 5.3 6.4 9.0 -2.8 -2.7 -2.6 -2.7 -2.7 -2.7 -2.7 0.0 -3.0 -2.6 -2.0 -2.7 -2.6 -2.6 2.1 -2.6 2.5 2.5
Noisy workplace 2.0 2.5 4.0 -1.8 -1.7 -1.9 -1.6 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 0.0 -1.7 -1.3 -0.8 -2.0 -1.7 -1.4 -0.5 -2.0 1.2 0.9
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.3 2.9 6.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.7 -1.9 0.0 -2.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.9 2.2 -1.6 1.5 1.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.4 1.6 4.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 0.4 -2.0 1.1 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.3 0.5 2.4 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.4 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.9 -1.1 -1.6
Asthma 0.7 1.3 6.4 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.1 -1.2 2.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.7 1.1 1.4
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.1 1.4 2.8 -0.8 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 0.0 -1.7 -1.2 -0.0 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 0.8 -1.0 1.2 1.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.0 1.1 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.5 -0.8 -0.6
Depression (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.5 0.3
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.3
Lung cancer (father) 2.1 2.4 3.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 -1.7 -1.8 -1.4 1.8 -1.3 1.7 1.3
Illnesses of mother 0.1 0.1 1.3 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 2.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 1.7 -1.0 1.0 1.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.3 2.7 5.2 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.0 2.1 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.7 2.3 -1.2 1.2 -1.5 -1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.7 3.3 15.0 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 0.0 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -2.0 3.9 -2.3 1.6 1.8
Arm fat mass (right) 1.6 6.6 10.1 -2.1 -2.7 -2.8 -2.8 -3.1 -2.8 -2.9 0.0 -2.4 -2.5 -2.6 -2.7 -2.8 -2.5 1.3 -3.2 2.7 2.4
Trunk predicted mass 0.6 3.6 6.3 -1.5 -2.2 -2.1 -2.5 -1.8 -2.1 -2.2 0.0 -1.5 -2.4 -1.0 -2.0 -2.2 -1.6 0.8 -1.5 2.4 2.2
Standing height 0.8 8.3 15.0 -1.9 -3.2 -3.0 -3.3 -2.5 -2.8 -3.0 0.0 -2.1 -3.5 -2.1 -2.9 -3.1 -2.8 3.9 -2.8 3.4 3.5
Length of working week for main job 5.2 5.8 13.6 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 -2.4 0.0 -2.6 -2.3 -2.6 -2.1 -2.4 -2.9 3.7 -2.3 2.4 2.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.6 0.8
Breastfed as a baby 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.5 2.1 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.3 -1.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.1 1.6 3.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.1 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 0.0 -1.8 1.2 0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.7 4.0 6.6 -1.2 -2.3 -2.1 -2.3 -2.2 -2.1 -2.2 0.0 -1.8 -2.4 -0.9 -2.0 -2.3 -1.8 1.7 -1.9 2.6 2.5
Birth weight of first child 3.3 6.0 9.8 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.4 -2.6 -2.5 -2.4 0.0 -2.7 -2.4 -2.5 -2.7 -2.6 -3.1 1.5 -2.7 2.4 2.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.3 3.1 4.6 1.4 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.0 0.0 2.1 1.7 1.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 0.6 1.7 -1.8 -1.8
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 0.7 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 0.5 -0.7 0.9 0.7
Loud music exposure frequency 0.7 0.7 1.3 -0.9 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.4 0.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 -1.0 -0.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 2.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -1.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.3 -0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 1.5 2.5 4.9 -2.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.8 0.0 -2.2 -1.4 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 -2.0 -0.3 -1.3 1.6 1.5
Headache pain in last month 1.3 2.1 4.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 0.0 -2.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.9 0.6 -1.2 1.1 0.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.2 0.4 2.7 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -1.6 -0.6 0.4 0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.4
Gout (self-reported) 3.4 4.6 6.1 1.7 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.4 0.0 2.2 2.4 -0.6 2.4 2.5 2.0 -1.7 2.2 -2.4 -2.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 3.1 6.1 9.6 -2.6 -2.5 -2.5 -2.4 -2.4 -2.4 -2.5 0.0 -3.0 -2.8 -1.7 -2.5 -2.6 -3.1 1.1 -2.7 2.7 2.8
Medication: Amlodipine 2.8 3.9 5.5 1.8 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.3 0.0 2.1 2.3 0.3 2.1 2.3 2.2 -0.8 1.2 -2.3 -2.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2
Birth weight 0.3 0.6 4.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.1 2.1 -0.7 0.4 0.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.0 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.8 -0.0 -0.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.9 1.3 2.4 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 0.0 1.6 1.1 0.5 1.4 1.2 1.5 -0.3 1.4 -1.1 -1.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.6 2.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 1.5 -0.9 0.7 0.8
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.1 10.2 -1.4 -2.3 -2.4 -2.3 -2.8 -2.4 -2.4 0.0 -2.1 -2.1 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 -2.4 1.3 -3.2 2.3 2.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 2.4 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 0.1 -1.5 1.0 0.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.4 2.2 4.0 -1.0 -1.7 -1.6 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 0.0 -1.0 -1.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -1.1 -0.3 -1.2 1.9 1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.7 0.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1 -1.1 1.0 0.9
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.8 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.9 1.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 1.2 -0.2 0.7 -1.2 -1.3
Number of full brothers 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.8 3.0 4.1 -1.1 -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.7 -1.7 0.0 -1.9 -1.9 -0.7 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 2.0 -1.9 1.9 1.9
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 -1.2 0.6 0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.6 4.6 6.5 -1.4 -2.4 -2.5 -2.3 -2.5 -2.4 -2.2 0.0 -2.2 -2.5 -0.1 -2.5 -2.5 -2.3 1.3 -1.9 2.5 2.5
Number of children fathered 7.9 8.9 14.4 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.2 0.0 3.8 2.8 2.4 3.4 3.1 3.7 -2.0 3.1 -2.7 -2.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.2 1.4 3.2 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.7 -1.8 1.1 -1.2 -1.0
Age at first live birth 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 3.1 3.6 6.5 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0 -1.8 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 0.0 -2.3 -1.9 -2.2 -2.1 -2.0 -2.6 1.5 -1.6 1.8 1.7
Health satisfaction 2.4 3.2 5.6 -1.3 -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.0 -1.7 -1.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.9 -1.7 1.8 -2.4 1.9 1.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.0 1.2 2.5 -0.5 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.1 -0.9 1.6 1.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.3 2.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.0 1.4 0.5 -0.2 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.9 1.0 2.7 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.2 1.2 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.7 -0.1 1.1 -1.1 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.9 1.1 1.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 0.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.9 0.8 0.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.9 0.9
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.9 1.6 2.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.0 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 -1.7
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 0.3 0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 -0.8 -0.6
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 -1.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.6 2.0 4.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 -2.0 -1.4 -0.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 0.8 -1.1 1.4 1.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.8 -1.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 -0.5 0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole 0.6 0.7 1.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 -1.2 0.9 0.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.4 0.5 6.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 2.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.3 3.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.2 1.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -1.9 0.4 0.4 0.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 0.9 1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.3 1.6 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 0.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.5 1.2 -1.4 -1.3
Whole body fat mass 1.6 6.6 11.3 -1.7 -2.7 -2.7 -2.8 -3.1 -2.8 -2.8 0.0 -2.4 -2.6 -2.6 -2.7 -2.8 -2.7 1.2 -3.4 2.8 2.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.8 3.2 5.5 -1.0 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -2.3 -2.0 -2.1 0.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 0.4 -2.3 1.9 1.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.6 2.9 5.0 -1.1 -1.9 -1.9 -2.2 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0 0.0 -1.4 -2.1 -1.3 -1.8 -2.0 -1.4 -0.1 -1.6 2.2 2.0
Pulse rate, automated reading 19.6 63.3 82.1 8.4 8.4 8.8 8.8 9.0 9.0 9.1 0.0 8.5 8.0 7.0 8.9 8.6 7.8 -4.0 8.3 -8.0 -7.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 7.4 17.1 20.5 -4.3 -4.4 -4.2 -4.5 -4.4 -4.2 -4.4 0.0 -4.0 -4.4 -4.3 -4.2 -4.4 -4.1 3.3 -4.4 4.5 4.3
Comparative height size at age 10 1.1 6.0 9.2 -1.3 -2.7 -2.6 -2.9 -2.5 -2.5 -2.6 0.0 -1.9 -2.9 -2.5 -2.5 -2.7 -1.9 1.8 -3.0 2.9 2.8
Number of full sisters 0.3 0.4 2.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 1.6 -0.6 0.6 0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 4.9 7.7 12.6 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -3.0 -2.9 -3.0 -3.0 0.0 -3.5 -2.9 -2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -3.2 1.0 -3.1 2.8 2.4
Overall health rating 7.1 15.2 19.8 -3.8 -4.2 -4.3 -4.3 -4.4 -4.3 -4.3 0.0 -4.1 -4.0 -3.1 -4.3 -4.3 -3.8 2.0 -4.4 4.1 3.8
Chest pain or discomfort 3.0 4.3 6.0 -1.8 -2.3 -2.3 -2.5 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 0.0 -2.0 -2.3 -0.8 -2.2 -2.4 -1.6 1.6 -1.9 2.4 2.3
Had major operations 1.0 1.2 2.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.0 0.9 -1.2 0.9 0.7
Age at last live birth 1.9 2.8 3.9 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 0.0 -2.0 -1.5 -0.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.4 2.0 -1.6 1.5 1.3
Family relationship satisfaction 2.7 3.3 4.8 -1.6 -2.0 -2.1 -2.1 -2.0 -2.2 -2.1 0.0 -2.1 -1.8 -1.4 -2.2 -2.0 -1.6 1.5 -1.7 1.7 1.4
Leg pain on walking 4.6 5.7 8.3 -1.8 -2.6 -2.6 -2.6 -2.9 -2.6 -2.6 0.0 -2.5 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.6 -2.3 0.6 -2.7 2.6 2.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 4.6 5.2 7.3 1.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 0.0 1.7 2.6 1.0 2.7 2.7 1.8 -1.9 2.2 -2.5 -2.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 4.3 5.3 7.1 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 0.0 2.4 2.5 1.9 2.6 2.5 2.3 -0.7 2.7 -2.4 -2.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.0 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.9 1.1 1.7 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.2 1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.0 -0.9 1.1 1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.7 2.6 4.1 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0 -1.7 -2.0 -2.0 -1.7 0.0 -1.7 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0 -1.8 -1.7 0.1 -1.7 1.5 1.2
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.2 0.6 1.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.3 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 0.5 -1.1 0.8 0.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 1.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.2 3.1 4.3 1.4 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.0 1.4 2.0 1.2 2.0 2.0 1.5 -1.3 1.8 -1.9 -1.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.1 -1.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Smoking status: Previous 1.6 2.4 4.4 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.5 0.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.7 -1.3 2.1 -1.7 -1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.0 2.2 3.3 -0.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.7 -0.2 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 0.6 -1.8 1.5 1.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.4 7.3 -1.6 -2.4 -2.3 -2.7 -2.1 -2.3 -2.4 0.0 -1.8 -2.6 -1.4 -2.2 -2.4 -1.9 0.7 -2.0 2.6 2.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.4 7.5 11.0 -2.3 -3.1 -2.9 -3.3 -2.9 -2.9 -3.0 0.0 -2.5 -3.2 -2.0 -2.9 -3.1 -2.6 1.0 -2.9 3.3 3.0
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.9 7.8 13.2 -2.3 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -3.4 -3.0 -3.1 0.0 -2.8 -2.7 -2.9 -2.9 -2.9 -2.8 1.4 -3.6 2.9 2.6
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.0 0.4 0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.1 1.0 -0.9 -0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 2.9 3.5 10.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.9 0.0 1.6 2.2 0.3 1.8 2.0 1.7 -3.2 1.3 -2.1 -2.1
Mood swings 3.6 6.4 8.3 -2.4 -2.8 -2.7 -2.9 -2.5 -2.7 -2.7 0.0 -2.6 -2.8 -2.3 -2.7 -2.8 -2.6 1.1 -2.9 2.8 2.7
Loneliness, isolation 2.4 3.3 4.8 -1.4 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.0 -1.6 -2.1 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 -1.8 1.9 -1.7 2.2 2.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 5.7 8.7 14.1 -2.0 -3.2 -3.3 -3.2 -3.1 -3.2 -3.3 0.0 -3.3 -3.2 -1.6 -3.3 -3.3 -2.6 1.3 -3.8 3.2 3.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 2.6 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7 0.5 0.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.6 3.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -1.9 -0.9 0.5 0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 3.7 3.9 5.2 -1.6 -2.1 -2.3 -2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -2.1 0.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.4 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 1.1 -2.1 2.1 1.9
Friendships satisfaction 2.4 3.0 4.5 -0.8 -2.0 -2.1 -1.9 -1.8 -2.0 -1.9 0.0 -1.9 -1.8 0.1 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 1.2 -1.9 1.7 1.7
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.2 1.8 5.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 0.0 -1.7 -1.4 -2.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.9 1.2 -1.4 1.2 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.2 2.3 3.8 -1.1 -1.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -1.8 0.0 -1.4 -1.7 -0.2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.2 1.5 -1.2 1.5 1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.5 0.5 1.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.8 -0.7 1.0 1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 3.6 5.6 7.8 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.8 -2.7 -2.5 0.0 -2.7 -2.5 -1.7 -2.7 -2.6 -2.5 1.2 -2.3 2.4 2.3
Medication for cholesterol 1.9 2.9 4.6 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8 0.0 1.8 1.9 0.9 1.7 1.8 2.1 -0.6 2.1 -1.9 -2.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 0.9 3.5 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 -1.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.7
Back pain experienced in last month 5.7 8.4 12.2 -3.1 -2.9 -3.0 -3.0 -3.1 -2.9 -2.9 0.0 -3.4 -3.1 -2.8 -2.9 -3.1 -3.5 0.9 -3.0 3.1 3.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.7 -0.5 1.1 -1.2 -1.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.0 0.3 0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.8 1.6 5.5 -0.6 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.3 -1.3 2.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 1.2 1.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.1 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 1.5 -1.0 1.2 1.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.2 -0.2 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 1.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.4 -0.1 0.4 0.6
Medication: Gliclazide 1.6 1.8 2.8 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 0.0 -1.6 -1.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.0 1.0 -1.5 1.4 1.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.0 1.2 1.9 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -0.7 0.9 -1.2 1.2 1.0
Smoking status: Current 1.1 1.7 2.9 -0.9 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.5 -0.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.1 -0.0 -1.1 1.6 1.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.8
Whole body water mass 0.8 4.7 7.8 -1.7 -2.5 -2.3 -2.8 -2.2 -2.4 -2.5 0.0 -1.8 -2.7 -1.4 -2.3 -2.5 -1.9 0.7 -2.0 2.7 2.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.3 7.0 10.3 -2.2 -3.0 -2.8 -3.2 -2.8 -2.8 -2.9 0.0 -2.4 -3.1 -1.9 -2.7 -3.0 -2.5 0.9 -2.8 3.2 2.9
Arm fat mass (left) 1.5 6.0 9.2 -2.0 -2.6 -2.7 -2.7 -3.0 -2.7 -2.8 0.0 -2.3 -2.4 -2.6 -2.6 -2.7 -2.3 0.9 -3.0 2.6 2.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 4.1 7.0 9.7 -2.7 -2.6 -2.9 -2.7 -3.1 -2.9 -2.9 0.0 -3.1 -2.6 -1.5 -2.9 -2.8 -3.0 1.4 -3.1 2.7 2.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4 -0.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.2
Miserableness 1.6 2.8 3.8 -1.6 -1.9 -1.9 -1.8 -2.0 -1.9 -1.7 0.0 -1.9 -1.7 -0.7 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 0.4 -1.7 1.9 1.6
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 1.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 -1.1 0.5 0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.1 1.2 2.9 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.0 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.6 1.0 -1.0 -0.9
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 3.0 3.3 5.6 -1.9 -2.1 -2.1 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 0.0 -1.7 -2.2 -1.3 -2.1 -2.0 -1.4 1.2 -1.5 2.0 2.4
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.5 0.5
Mother’s age at death 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.3 -0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.8 0.9 1.8 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.9 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 0.8 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.3 1.5 3.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 1.9 -1.2 1.1 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 3.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 -1.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 -1.3 0.6 0.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.3 2.9 4.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.9 -1.7 -2.0 -1.9 -1.7 0.0 -1.8 -1.8 -1.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.8 1.6 -2.0 1.7 1.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.8 0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 2.9 4.5 8.0 -2.8 -2.0 -2.0 -2.2 -2.1 -2.1 -2.4 0.0 -2.7 -2.0 -2.7 -2.0 -2.1 -2.5 0.2 -2.0 2.1 1.9
Medication: Lisinopril 1.3 1.7 4.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.4 -2.1 1.3 1.4
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.4 1.8 4.2 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 0.0 -1.8 -1.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.2 -1.6 2.1 -1.3 1.2 1.5
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.0 1.2 4.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.8 -1.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 2.1 -1.2 0.9 0.9
Ever smoked 0.9 1.6 3.7 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.0 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.6 -1.9 1.3 -1.2 -1.4
Basal metabolic rate 1.1 6.3 9.5 -2.0 -2.8 -2.7 -3.1 -2.6 -2.7 -2.8 0.0 -2.2 -3.0 -1.8 -2.6 -2.9 -2.4 1.1 -2.5 3.0 2.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.2 2.7 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 -1.6 1.0 0.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.6 3.1 -0.7 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 0.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.0 0.2 -1.0 1.7 1.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 3.5 5.1 8.3 -1.8 -2.5 -2.4 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 0.0 -1.8 -2.8 -1.6 -2.3 -2.6 -1.9 1.8 -2.4 2.8 2.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.0 5.1 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.0 -2.2 0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Irritability 0.6 1.1 2.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 1.7 -0.6 1.1 1.0
Risk taking 0.5 0.7 6.4 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.7 -2.5 0.6 -0.2 0.2
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 0.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 -1.6 0.8 -1.1 -0.7
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 7.1 9.2 13.4 -2.5 -3.3 -3.4 -3.3 -3.7 -3.4 -3.3 0.0 -2.8 -3.1 -2.1 -3.4 -3.4 -2.7 1.5 -3.5 3.3 3.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.7 3.7 0.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.0 1.4 1.7 -0.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 -0.7 1.1 -1.7 -1.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.6 3.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.0 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.9 -1.7 1.4 -1.6 -1.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.9 2.3 3.9 -0.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 0.0 -1.5 -2.0 -0.7 -1.6 -1.9 -1.3 0.1 -1.3 1.9 2.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.6 3.4 5.6 -0.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.8 0.0 -2.3 -2.0 -0.8 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 1.2 -2.4 2.0 2.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.3 3.6 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.5 -0.0 0.2 0.3 -1.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6
Myopia 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.6 -1.6 0.3 -1.1 -1.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.9 -0.7 -0.8
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.7 0.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.2 1.4 2.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 0.0 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 0.8 -1.4 1.3 1.3
Pain experienced in last month 1.9 3.1 5.5 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.7 0.0 2.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.0 -0.9 1.7 -1.6 -1.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.6 -0.9 -0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.3 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.6 0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 0.9 -0.8 1.5 1.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.3 3.0 6.4 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.8 0.0 2.3 1.7 2.5 1.7 1.7 2.1 -0.2 1.8 -1.7 -1.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 -0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 2.3 2.9 4.6 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.9 0.0 2.1 1.4 1.2 2.1 1.7 1.7 -1.8 1.5 -1.4 -1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.6 1.8 3.8 -1.4 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.1 -1.5 -2.0 -1.2 -1.3 -1.7 1.4 -1.7 1.4 1.5
Pack years of smoking 1.7 2.5 4.4 -2.1 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.1 -1.9 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7 -1.4 0.7 -1.9 2.0 2.0
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.6 8.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9 2.8 -0.9 0.1 0.4
Leg fat mass (left) 0.9 3.5 5.9 -1.2 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -2.3 -2.0 -2.1 0.0 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 0.3 -2.4 2.0 1.6
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.5 2.9 -0.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.7 -1.6 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -1.0 0.1 -0.9 1.7 1.5