Hub : Genes

CCDC144B

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2140 0.0530 5.6e-17 0.050 0.122 0.156 0.135 0.152 9.7e-07 1.2e-14 1.5e-18 4.1e-16 5.0e-18
2 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.1445 0.0582 8.0e-04 0.076 NA 0.048 NA 0.045 1.1e-03 NA 8.2e-03 NA 1.0e-02
3 GTEx Artery Coronary 0.1370 0.0580 2.1e-03 0.020 NA 0.008 NA 0.024 7.1e-02 NA 1.6e-01 NA 5.2e-02
4 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1101 0.0507 1.7e-04 0.070 NA 0.065 NA 0.067 3.5e-06 NA 8.7e-06 NA 6.2e-06
5 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.1880 0.0760 3.4e-03 0.000 NA 0.062 NA 0.014 3.2e-01 NA 4.0e-04 NA 6.0e-02
6 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.0693 0.0622 1.7e-01 0.006 NA 0.007 NA 0.022 2.3e-01 NA 2.1e-01 NA 9.9e-02
7 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.3149 0.1135 1.0e-02 0.015 NA 0.011 NA 0.056 1.1e-01 NA 1.5e-01 NA 9.1e-03
8 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0590 0.0300 2.6e-03 0.015 NA 0.060 NA 0.047 2.3e-02 NA 2.9e-05 NA 2.0e-04
9 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1086 0.0549 6.0e-03 0.022 NA 0.025 NA 0.039 1.1e-02 NA 6.9e-03 NA 8.8e-04
10 GTEx Thyroid 0.1140 0.0510 6.0e-04 0.073 NA 0.073 NA 0.061 2.9e-06 NA 2.9e-06 NA 1.8e-05
11 GTEx Whole Blood 0.0490 0.0250 4.7e-03 0.059 NA 0.018 NA 0.060 3.9e-06 NA 8.6e-03 NA 3.2e-06
12 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2846 0.0607 0.0e+00 0.132 0.169 0.172 0.161 0.130 1.3e-16 3.7e-21 1.5e-21 3.5e-20 2.2e-16

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.8 2.2 -1.5 0.4 -0.6 0.1 1.3 0.3 1.3 0.0 -0.4 1.2 0.1 1.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.7 1.6 6.9 -1.7 -0.8 -2.6 -1.0 2.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.8 -1.2 0.6 -0.5 0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 3.3 6.9 16.7 -2.2 1.7 2.6 2.8 3.7 4.1 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.8 2.9 2.7
Depression (Nagel 2018) 3.6 5.5 13.3 -2.6 1.1 1.9 2.1 3.7 3.2 1.8 1.7 1.4 2.5 2.3 2.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 2.4 7.4 14.8 -2.6 3.1 2.4 2.7 1.3 2.6 2.6 3.8 2.7 2.4 2.5 3.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 3.0 7.1 14.6 -3.3 2.4 3.2 2.5 2.9 3.8 1.1 0.8 1.7 2.5 3.2 2.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.9 1.8 8.4 -1.1 -1.3 -2.9 -1.2 1.7 -1.1 -0.7 -1.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 0.9 1.2 0.3 1.1 -1.4 1.8 1.0 0.2 0.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.1 2.9 -1.4 1.0 1.5 0.1 1.3 1.2 0.5 -0.3 0.0 1.0 0.9 1.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.4 1.6 11.2 -0.7 0.6 0.8 -0.1 1.1 0.5 3.3 2.2 -0.9 0.2 -0.0 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.3 1.9 10.2 -0.5 1.3 1.1 0.5 1.3 1.4 3.2 2.2 -0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.7 3.3 0.9 0.2 1.2 0.3 -0.2 0.7 -1.8 1.2 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.4 1.0 5.6 1.4 1.1 0.8 -0.1 -1.1 0.5 -2.4 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.4 0.7 2.8 1.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -1.7 -1.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.0
Major Depression (MDD) 2.8 3.4 7.2 -1.2 2.0 1.9 2.1 0.7 2.6 -1.1 0.0 1.4 1.8 2.7 2.6
Reaction Time 0.4 0.8 3.4 -1.1 -1.9 -1.0 0.0 1.0 -1.1 1.0 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 2.4 5.7 12.9 -2.0 2.4 2.6 2.4 0.7 2.7 1.6 3.6 2.2 1.7 2.8 2.6
Breast Cancer 0.8 1.8 5.5 2.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 -2.0 1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -1.9 -2.0 -1.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.7 0.9 2.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.6 -1.0
Prostate Cancer 0.4 0.6 3.7 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -1.9 -1.4 0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.3
Age at First Birth 3.9 5.7 10.7 -3.3 2.4 1.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 -0.0 2.3 1.9 2.6 2.6 3.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.9 0.9 2.7 -1.6 0.2 -0.1 0.6 1.5 0.4 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.2 1.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.3 1.7 4.7 0.1 0.7 1.4 1.8 0.6 2.2 0.6 2.1 0.8 0.6 1.7 1.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 3.2 3.8 16.7 0.4 -4.1 -2.5 -1.5 -0.6 -1.9 0.4 0.0 -1.4 -2.2 -1.5 -2.7
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.9 -0.3 1.3 0.4 0.3 1.2 -1.3 1.3 -0.5 0.6 0.2 0.4
Mean Putamen Volume 2.1 2.4 6.2 -0.2 0.6 2.1 1.9 1.1 2.0 -0.5 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.6 2.5
Fasting Glucose 1.4 1.6 8.3 -2.9 0.4 1.4 0.6 1.9 1.1 1.5 0.9 -0.1 0.4 0.8 0.5
HbA1C 3.7 4.1 11.5 0.2 -1.9 -2.1 -2.5 0.6 -2.5 -0.3 -3.4 -1.7 -0.9 -2.4 -2.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 2.3 -1.3 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.0
LDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.0 4.2 -2.0 0.4 -0.3 0.2 1.7 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.8
Lupus 2.0 3.1 8.0 2.4 -1.4 -2.1 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -2.0 -2.8 -1.6
Neuroticism (2016) 1.5 2.1 7.1 -1.1 0.3 1.6 1.3 1.6 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.8 1.8 1.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.9 1.9 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.4 -1.3 1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.5 2.1 11.8 1.2 -1.3 0.4 0.0 -2.3 -0.7 -3.4 0.0 0.0 -1.8 -0.9 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.7 1.6 5.2 -1.6 -0.7 -1.9 0.0 2.3 -0.1 -0.4 -1.2 0.4 1.7 0.3 1.4
Triglycerides 1.4 2.3 5.8 -0.5 -0.9 -2.3 -1.7 -0.4 -2.4 0.3 -2.3 -0.4 -0.9 -1.8 -1.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 3.0 3.5 7.7 0.5 -1.8 -2.3 -1.9 -1.7 -2.8 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.4 1.7 1.0 -0.1 -1.1 0.9 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.4 1.1 0.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.0 6.5 -1.1 0.1 1.2 0.4 -1.8 1.2 -2.5 -0.7 -0.5 1.6 1.7 1.9
Blood Platelet Count 0.8 9.1 30.4 -5.5 2.0 1.7 3.0 4.0 1.9 4.0 1.2 3.5 2.4 2.7 1.2
Blood Red Count 1.4 13.6 39.9 5.9 -0.7 -1.3 -2.3 -6.3 -1.4 -6.1 -3.7 -3.6 -2.2 -2.1 -2.3
Blood White Count 1.0 7.7 21.3 -0.4 -2.5 -4.0 -2.7 -2.3 -3.6 -0.9 -4.6 -1.5 -2.4 -2.8 -2.4
Heel T-Score 0.1 1.1 6.1 0.1 2.5 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 0.8 0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4
BMI 0.4 2.0 7.1 -0.3 2.0 1.8 1.6 -0.9 1.5 -0.4 2.7 1.3 -0.0 1.3 0.9
Height 2.0 37.7 77.6 8.8 -6.0 -5.8 -5.5 -5.3 -5.7 -6.9 -5.6 -5.1 -4.5 -7.3 -6.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 8.9 39.9 67.9 2.0 -6.1 -7.8 -6.7 -5.8 -6.8 -4.3 -8.2 -4.3 -6.7 -6.9 -7.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.7 8.6 18.6 0.6 3.2 3.8 2.9 0.4 3.8 -2.5 0.1 1.8 3.6 3.8 4.3
Smoking Status 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.0
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.6 2.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 1.5 0.4 0.4
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.1 8.9 -1.9 1.2 2.1 1.6 -0.1 2.7 -0.8 0.6 0.5 1.6 2.4 3.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.5 1.1 2.3 -1.5 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 -1.5 -0.6 -1.5 -0.2 -1.2
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.1 2.8 -0.9 0.4 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 -0.7 0.5 0.1 1.7 1.6 1.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.6 1.1 4.5 -1.0 0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 -1.4 0.9 -2.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 5.3 27.1 54.0 1.2 -4.3 -6.4 -5.6 -3.9 -5.8 -2.3 -7.3 -2.8 -6.1 -5.5 -7.1
Lung FVC 1.1 5.6 11.4 -2.3 3.2 2.6 2.5 1.1 2.2 1.3 3.4 2.6 1.3 2.7 2.0
Neuroticism 3.1 7.6 13.0 -3.0 2.2 3.1 2.8 3.5 3.6 1.1 0.9 2.0 3.1 3.4 2.8
Chronotype (morning person) 1.6 3.6 10.3 0.0 0.5 -1.5 -1.9 -2.4 -2.9 0.1 -1.9 -0.5 -3.2 -2.0 -2.3
Hair Pigment 0.4 12.0 41.0 -5.6 1.2 0.2 2.1 6.4 1.6 5.7 2.6 3.3 2.5 1.8 2.1
Tanning 0.1 1.6 9.0 3.0 0.5 1.3 0.1 -1.6 0.5 -1.6 0.3 -1.4 -0.3 0.2 0.0
Hand grip strength (left) 1.2 3.3 6.5 -1.2 1.8 1.3 2.2 0.4 2.3 -1.0 0.9 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.6 1.1 4.9 -0.5 0.5 2.2 1.1 -0.0 1.6 0.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.5 1.1 1.0
Average weekly spirits intake 1.8 2.2 7.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.4 -1.9 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 -2.7 -2.3 -1.2 -1.0 -2.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 3.1 5.3 11.8 -1.5 2.4 3.1 2.6 0.5 3.2 -0.9 0.5 1.6 2.8 3.4 2.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.0 4.6 -1.1 -0.3 0.7 0.7 2.1 1.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.5 0.8 2.5 -0.7 -1.3 0.7 0.0 1.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 -0.6 1.4 0.5 0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.6 3.5 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.2 4.1 -0.6 -0.7 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.0 -0.4 1.4 0.8 1.1 1.1 2.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 3.7 4.7 10.4 -0.4 2.2 3.2 2.0 1.4 2.5 3.0 3.0 1.3 1.2 1.5 2.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.0 1.1 3.2 1.2 0.4 0.4 -0.6 -1.5 0.3 1.8 0.0 -1.1 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.2 3.3 9.3 0.8 3.0 2.6 2.1 0.1 2.4 -0.7 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.6 0.6 2.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.2 -0.4 0.6 -1.0 1.4 -1.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.2
Angina 1.6 2.1 5.3 -0.6 -1.5 -2.3 -1.3 0.1 -1.7 1.0 -2.2 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 1.6 -0.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.9 0.7
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.7 0.9 3.8 1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -2.0 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.8 -1.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.6 0.6 1.5 -0.9 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 1.2 1.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 0.7 0.8 4.5 1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.7 -2.1 -0.5 -0.1
Medication: Metformin 1.4 1.9 8.6 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 0.0 -1.1 2.9 -2.0 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -1.2
Diabetes (father) 1.0 1.2 2.8 0.0 -0.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1 -0.5 -1.7 -0.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.4
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.5 -1.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2
Severe depression (siblings) 1.2 1.3 4.8 -0.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.3 2.2 -0.1 1.0 0.3 0.7 1.5 1.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.9 1.1 0.8 -0.6 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 2.6 12.4 28.8 0.5 -4.0 -5.0 -4.4 -1.4 -4.4 -0.7 -5.4 -2.6 -2.6 -3.9 -3.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.6 14.7 3.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 -2.3 -0.5 -2.2 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1
Trunk fat percentage 0.7 3.0 6.6 2.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.7 -2.0 -1.8 0.1 -0.1 -1.4 -2.4 -2.3 -1.7
Hand grip strength (right) 1.9 5.2 9.1 -0.8 2.8 2.2 3.0 0.5 2.8 -0.2 1.7 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.1 1.5 3.9 0.9 -0.7 0.3 -1.3 -2.0 -1.1 0.6 -0.2 -1.7 -1.9 -0.7 -1.5
Current tobacco smoking 1.4 2.3 4.7 0.5 -2.2 -1.7 -1.8 -0.3 -1.5 0.5 -1.2 -2.0 -2.1 -1.6 -1.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 2.0 2.3 6.4 -0.3 1.3 2.0 1.4 1.0 2.1 0.6 2.5 -0.2 1.9 1.7 1.2
Maternal smoking around birth 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.3 -0.6 0.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 0.3 1.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Fed-up feelings 1.7 3.1 9.7 -0.9 -0.0 1.5 1.8 3.1 2.7 0.4 0.3 1.0 2.3 2.0 1.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.3 1.8 6.4 -2.5 -0.4 1.0 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.1 -0.4 1.2 0.8 1.3 1.1
Relative age voice broke 1.0 1.6 7.7 1.6 0.4 0.8 1.3 -0.2 1.0 -2.8 1.5 1.3 0.1 0.6 0.8
Taking other prescription medications 0.7 1.0 4.2 -0.1 1.8 2.1 0.0 -1.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 -0.6 -1.2 0.4 -0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.4 3.3 6.5 1.7 -1.3 -2.1 -2.1 -1.3 -2.2 -1.5 -2.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.9 2.2 7.0 1.5 2.3 2.6 1.5 -1.7 1.7 0.5 1.4 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.1 3.4 -0.3 -0.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 0.5 -1.2 0.8 -1.8 -1.0 -0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 3.0 3.2 6.8 1.6 -2.5 -1.5 -1.2 -1.4 -1.7 0.0 -0.8 -1.6 -2.6 -2.3 -2.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 3.1 4.1 9.5 1.5 -1.0 -1.8 -1.7 -3.0 -2.1 -0.6 -1.7 -1.1 -3.1 -2.4 -2.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.3
High blood pressure 1.9 5.3 12.3 -0.3 2.1 3.5 2.4 -0.2 3.4 -1.2 1.5 0.5 2.1 3.0 3.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 1.0 0.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 0.2 1.3 0.7 0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.6 0.8 2.1 -1.4 -0.0 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.2 0.2 -0.7 0.7 0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 1.9 -1.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -1.3 -1.4 0.3 0.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.2 4.1 6.8 -2.4 0.9 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.1 1.1 2.6 1.5 1.1 2.5 1.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.3 0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -1.0 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.6 1.1 2.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 0.3 -1.2 0.6 -1.0 -0.2 -1.3 -0.6 -0.6
Sitting height 0.3 2.3 9.5 3.1 -0.5 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -2.9 -1.6 0.4 2.3 0.1 1.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8
High blood pressure (mother) 1.1 1.6 4.8 1.1 2.0 1.8 1.1 -0.1 2.2 -0.7 0.6 0.0 1.1 0.7 1.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.3 1.3 5.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.1 -1.3 1.1 -0.5 2.2 0.7 -0.6 0.5 0.4
Impedance of leg (left) 2.2 10.6 29.2 0.3 -3.9 -4.5 -3.9 -1.1 -4.0 -0.5 -5.4 -2.3 -2.3 -3.4 -2.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.5 2.8 15.1 3.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -2.4 -0.5 -2.2 1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2
Trunk fat mass 0.9 3.7 11.6 3.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -2.4 -1.8 -1.0 -0.1 -1.5 -2.4 -2.4 -1.8
Waist circumference 1.2 4.5 9.9 2.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -3.1 -1.7 -1.9 -0.6 -1.4 -3.1 -2.5 -2.6
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.7 2.4 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.6 -0.1 0.7 1.2 0.3 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -0.1
Past tobacco smoking 1.2 2.3 4.9 -0.3 -1.9 -1.2 -2.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -2.2 -1.7 -1.8 -1.2 -1.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Nervous feelings 0.7 1.3 4.1 -2.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.8 1.9 -0.4 0.9 -1.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.7 2.6 5.2 -2.0 1.5 2.2 1.1 1.8 2.3 1.0 0.9 0.3 1.4 1.7 2.0
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 2.0 3.1 6.4 -1.5 -0.5 1.6 2.2 2.5 2.2 0.6 1.4 1.4 2.5 1.7 1.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.7 0.8 6.2 -2.5 -0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 1.0 -0.4 1.2 -0.0
Had menopause 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.7 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.1
Had other major operations 0.8 1.0 4.3 2.1 1.6 1.5 0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.4 -0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3 -0.8 -0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3
Qualifications: None of the above 5.3 11.3 15.7 3.0 -2.8 -2.0 -3.6 -4.0 -3.2 -3.3 -3.2 -3.9 -3.8 -3.1 -3.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.8 3.6 -0.3 -1.9 -1.8 -0.7 1.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 2.0 3.1 7.8 -1.8 1.1 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.3 0.9 2.8 1.7 2.2
Heart attack 1.3 1.7 5.0 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 -0.2 -2.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.4 -1.4
Allergy 0.5 1.0 3.4 0.5 -1.8 -0.7 -1.3 -0.0 -1.5 0.7 0.0 -0.4 -1.4 -1.2 -0.7
Pain all over the body in last month 1.2 1.3 3.8 1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7 -1.0 -1.5 -0.7 -1.9 -1.2 -1.1
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.9 -1.5 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.9 -0.3 1.7 -1.0 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5
Medication: Ramipril 2.4 3.1 5.9 -1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 2.3 2.4 -0.2 -0.9 1.3 2.4 2.3 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 1.2 1.8 10.4 -2.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 1.6 0.8 3.2 1.4 -0.7 0.0 0.4 0.3
Fluid intelligence score 2.0 4.2 9.8 -1.5 1.2 2.1 2.2 0.9 2.3 1.4 3.1 1.9 1.8 2.5 2.6
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.6 3.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.5 1.2 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 1.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Neuroticism score 2.5 5.2 9.4 -2.2 1.5 2.9 2.1 3.0 3.1 0.8 0.6 1.4 2.5 2.9 2.5
Weight 0.7 3.3 14.2 3.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -2.6 -0.9 -2.4 0.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.9 -1.4
Impedance of arm (right) 1.6 7.3 15.2 1.3 -3.1 -3.9 -3.3 -0.5 -3.6 1.8 -2.3 -2.7 -1.8 -3.5 -2.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.8 4.1 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.5 2.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.1
Trunk fat-free mass 0.7 3.9 18.3 4.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -2.4 -0.8 -3.5 -0.4 -0.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.6
Hip circumference 0.5 2.3 10.7 2.2 1.5 1.9 1.4 -0.9 1.3 -0.4 3.3 0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.7
Time employed in main current job 0.3 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 3.1 4.6 13.1 -0.3 -3.6 -3.4 -1.9 -0.5 -3.1 0.7 -2.1 -0.5 -1.8 -2.4 -1.8
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -1.2 -1.0 0.0 -0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.0 1.9 6.2 -1.0 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.2 2.5 -0.6 0.1 0.1 1.6 1.4 2.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.5 5.0 -1.6 -0.7 0.6 1.2 2.2 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.3
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.6 1.3 -0.5 -1.0 0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.5 3.8 5.9 -1.4 2.1 2.4 2.3 0.3 2.1 2.3 1.7 1.9 1.3 2.1 2.2
Number of live births 5.7 8.1 15.8 1.1 -3.0 -3.0 -3.3 -2.0 -3.3 0.8 -2.1 -2.5 -4.0 -3.5 -3.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.8 2.7 5.8 0.4 -1.4 -2.3 -1.6 -0.6 -2.2 -0.8 -2.4 0.2 -1.2 -1.8 -2.4
Pulse rate 0.6 1.0 2.6 -0.5 -1.3 -1.6 0.7 1.0 -0.1 -1.6 -1.1 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.5
Happiness 0.8 1.0 3.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.4 1.5 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.8 1.0 0.9
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.3 -1.1 0.3 -1.4 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.8 1.8 3.1 -1.1 1.4 0.6 1.2 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.8 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.1 4.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7 -1.5 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.1 -2.1 -0.8 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.3 2.1 4.7 1.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.6 -1.5 -0.8 -2.2 -1.3 -2.0 -1.8 -0.6 -1.1
Asthma 0.6 1.1 4.0 -0.8 1.1 2.0 1.0 0.1 0.9 -1.0 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 2.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -1.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.5
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.6 0.9 4.7 -2.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.6 0.5 1.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.5 0.3 0.8
Depression (self-reported) 4.9 5.9 10.7 -0.9 2.3 3.3 2.3 2.8 3.0 0.3 2.4 0.9 2.8 3.0 3.0
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.5 6.2 1.6 1.2 2.0 -0.7 -2.5 0.2 0.8 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.5
Prospective memory result 0.7 0.9 2.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -1.3 -1.6 -1.3 -1.0
Lung cancer (father) 1.6 1.9 6.4 2.5 -0.8 -0.7 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.6 -1.7
Illnesses of mother 0.7 0.9 3.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.9 -0.5 0.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.2 3.9 9.9 0.4 -1.5 -3.1 -2.0 -0.5 -2.6 -0.8 -2.8 0.2 -1.3 -2.5 -2.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 1.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 1.3 5.8 11.2 1.1 -3.2 -3.3 -3.0 -0.1 -3.3 1.4 -2.4 -2.5 -1.4 -2.7 -1.9
Arm fat mass (right) 0.4 1.5 6.8 2.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -2.1 -0.5 -0.9 1.2 -0.6 -1.4 -1.3 -0.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.7 3.9 18.2 4.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -2.5 -0.8 -3.5 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0 -1.9 -1.6
Standing height 2.3 23.3 50.7 7.1 -4.8 -5.3 -4.6 -3.6 -4.7 -4.3 -4.3 -4.1 -3.0 -6.0 -4.6
Length of working week for main job 1.6 1.8 8.2 2.1 -1.2 -0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -2.9 -1.7 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.3 2.1 5.1 -2.3 1.0 2.0 0.6 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.1 0.7 1.7 1.7 2.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.4 3.7 6.2 -2.5 0.9 1.9 1.5 2.5 2.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 2.0 2.1 2.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 1.0 6.1 2.5 1.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8
Birth weight of first child 1.1 1.9 10.8 -3.3 0.4 -0.4 0.1 2.1 -0.3 2.6 0.3 0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.9 4.4 9.1 0.8 -1.4 -2.8 -1.9 -1.5 -3.0 -1.2 -2.9 0.2 -1.6 -2.5 -2.9
Pulse wave reflection index 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.2 1.0 1.3 0.3 -0.3 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.4 1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.0 0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 1.5 1.6 4.1 2.0 -1.8 0.1 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -1.6 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.1 3.3 7.2 -0.5 1.9 0.4 1.8 2.7 1.2 1.6 2.5 2.0 2.2 0.7 2.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 3.5 4.5 9.2 1.6 -1.8 -0.8 -3.0 -2.8 -2.5 0.2 -2.1 -1.8 -2.5 -2.2 -2.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.6 0.8 2.0 1.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -1.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.7 1.3 5.8 -2.0 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -2.4 -1.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.4 4.5 0.8 -1.0 -2.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.7 -1.0 0.1 0.7 -0.8 -1.4 -1.8
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.9 1.3 5.0 1.3 -1.3 0.0 -1.4 -2.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.7 2.6 -1.6 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.7 0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -0.0 -0.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.9 -0.4 1.1 0.0 -0.4 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 1.3 0.5
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.6 0.8 2.8 -1.2 -1.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.9
Birth weight 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 1.0 -0.5 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.8 1.2 3.6 0.5 1.0 1.4 0.5 -0.7 1.4 -0.1 1.2 -0.7 1.3 1.0 1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.9 2.6 0.8 -0.5 -1.6 -0.7 0.1 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 -1.5 -1.3
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.8 4.2 2.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3 0.2 0.4 -1.0 -2.0 -1.7 -1.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 3.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -1.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 -1.9 -1.1 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.5 15.4 3.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -2.5 -0.6 -3.5 -0.3 -0.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.0 1.3 9.2 1.4 1.4 0.7 -0.2 -1.2 0.6 -3.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3
Comparative body size at age 10 0.8 2.3 6.6 1.7 1.6 2.1 1.6 0.6 2.6 -1.4 1.9 -1.0 0.2 0.9 0.3
Number of full brothers 2.6 3.3 7.0 -1.1 -1.7 -2.6 -2.2 -1.2 -2.6 0.7 -1.5 -0.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.5 2.5 7.1 -2.7 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.9 -0.1 0.3 1.1 1.2 2.2 1.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 0.7 2.3 -1.5 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.1 -0.3 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.4
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.7 1.3 3.6 -1.9 -0.2 1.1 1.3 1.6 0.4 -0.5 0.7 1.4 0.9 1.4 0.8
Number of children fathered 1.5 1.7 6.4 0.7 0.6 1.3 1.6 -0.9 1.0 -1.3 0.2 1.4 1.3 1.6 2.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.3 1.0
Age at first live birth 4.9 8.6 19.1 -4.4 0.7 1.6 2.6 3.9 2.8 0.8 0.4 2.3 4.3 3.9 3.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.3 0.3 1.5 -0.5 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.2 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.4
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.7 -0.6 1.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.1 1.1 -0.2 0.7 0.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.6 0.7 3.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 1.9 0.1 -1.3 1.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 5.4 17.0 39.4 -2.5 3.6 4.1 4.3 4.3 3.5 2.5 4.0 4.5 4.7 3.8 6.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.7 -0.5 0.9 0.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.0 0.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.8 1.0 5.7 -2.4 -0.3 -0.8 0.0 1.7 -0.2 1.2 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 1.3 0.5 0.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 2.5 -1.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.0 0.4 0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 2.4 4.2 13.4 -0.8 2.0 3.7 1.8 -0.0 3.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 1.8 2.9 2.7
Angina (self-reported) 1.6 2.2 5.3 -0.6 -1.4 -2.3 -1.2 -0.1 -1.7 1.1 -2.2 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.8 -1.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 3.5 -0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.1 -1.9 -0.7 -0.2 0.8 1.1 0.6
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 -0.5 0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 -1.1 -0.0 0.6 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 3.3 -0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.8 0.4 0.3 -1.8 -0.7 -1.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 4.7 0.6 2.2 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.6 1.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.5 4.5 -1.5 -1.0 -0.0 1.3 1.4 -0.3 2.1 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.0 0.6
Heart disease (mother) 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.4
Whole body fat mass 0.7 2.9 9.1 3.0 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -2.5 -1.3 -1.0 0.1 -1.3 -2.2 -2.1 -1.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.4 1.5 4.6 2.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -2.1 -0.9 -1.0 0.4 -0.6 -1.8 -1.4 -1.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.3 14.1 3.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -2.4 -0.8 -3.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.3 1.0 2.2 -1.5 -0.3 -0.8 1.4 1.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 9.0 21.0 33.1 1.5 -4.9 -5.8 -5.5 -2.5 -5.7 -0.4 -4.9 -3.5 -5.6 -5.2 -5.5
Comparative height size at age 10 2.8 15.4 30.1 5.5 -3.5 -4.0 -3.1 -3.6 -2.9 -2.6 -3.0 -3.7 -4.3 -5.4 -4.4
Number of full sisters 4.9 6.0 11.1 0.5 -2.1 -3.3 -3.0 -1.5 -3.3 0.5 -2.7 -1.0 -3.0 -2.8 -2.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.9
Overall health rating 0.4 0.8 2.6 -1.4 -1.1 -0.9 -0.0 1.6 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.4
Chest pain or discomfort 0.5 0.8 3.5 -1.6 0.9 -0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.0 1.9 0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3
Had major operations 2.4 2.8 6.8 -2.5 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.9 1.7 1.7 2.6 1.3 0.7 1.5 1.9
Age at last live birth 1.9 2.7 7.1 -2.6 -1.2 0.4 0.9 2.7 1.6 0.2 -0.2 0.8 2.2 2.0 2.0
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.6 3.6 -1.7 0.8 -0.1 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.9 0.8 1.2
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 1.7 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -1.3 -0.4 -1.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.5 1.8 3.8 0.4 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 -1.9 -1.3 0.8 -2.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.8
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.6 -0.5 1.6 0.6 0.4 1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 0.9 1.1 0.8
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.0 1.2 3.9 0.6 2.0 1.4 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.8 1.4 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.3 1.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.6 1.0 5.2 -0.4 -1.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 -2.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.7 4.7 11.5 -0.5 1.7 3.2 2.4 0.1 3.3 -1.2 1.2 0.5 2.1 2.8 3.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.1 1.3 7.1 -1.8 0.9 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 2.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.9 -0.6
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.6 0.8 4.1 -2.0 -1.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.4 0.5 3.5 -1.2 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.1 0.0 1.9 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3
Smoking status: Previous 1.3 2.0 4.1 -0.1 1.8 1.1 2.0 1.3 1.1 1.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 3.7 7.7 16.3 2.3 -4.0 -4.0 -2.5 -0.6 -3.5 -1.2 -3.4 -1.4 -1.0 -3.2 -3.0
Whole body fat-free mass 0.6 3.4 18.1 4.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -2.4 -0.6 -3.1 0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -1.7 -1.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.4 2.0 12.5 3.5 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -2.0 -0.2 -1.9 1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.8 3.1 1.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 1.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.2 2.7 0.6 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.5 0.3 0.8 -0.3 1.6 1.5 0.5
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.8 2.2 4.1 0.2 -1.8 -1.2 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.8 -0.1 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2
Mood swings 3.3 6.0 13.1 -0.9 1.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.6 0.0 1.5 1.4 3.0 3.2 2.9
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 1.0 2.1 -1.4 0.2 1.1 0.6 1.5 1.3 0.9 -0.1 0.4 1.2 0.9 1.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 4.0 4.6 11.4 -1.6 3.0 2.2 2.4 1.1 1.9 2.8 3.4 1.4 1.0 1.9 1.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.6 2.7 -1.0 0.3 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 1.6 -1.6 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.9 1.0 2.7 0.9 0.5 0.7 1.2 -1.6 0.9 -1.6 0.0 0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.8
Friendships satisfaction 1.0 1.2 2.7 -0.0 1.6 1.1 1.4 -0.5 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.8 1.2 2.9 -0.7 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 0.2 1.4 0.6 1.2 0.8 1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.5 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3 -1.3 -0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.7 2.1 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.4 1.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.5
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.8 1.9 1.1 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.6 0.7 3.5 0.4 0.8 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 1.9 1.1 0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.4
Back pain experienced in last month 4.0 5.8 9.5 -2.3 2.6 2.7 3.1 2.5 2.4 0.2 1.0 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.1 1.4 4.5 1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.7 -0.4 -1.5 -1.2 -2.1 0.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.0 1.1 5.0 2.0 -0.5 0.8 1.2 -0.5 1.0 -2.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.6 -0.9 1.1 1.9 1.1 0.2 0.7 -1.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 3.7 0.6 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 1.9 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 3.4 -0.9 0.0 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.7 0.5 1.9 1.1 0.5 1.4 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 -0.2 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.9
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.9 0.7 0.3 -0.4
Smoking status: Current 1.3 2.0 4.3 0.4 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -0.4 -1.6 0.4 -0.8 -1.6 -2.1 -1.5 -1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.5 1.0 5.5 -0.8 2.3 0.1 0.1 -1.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.4
Whole body water mass 0.6 3.5 17.7 4.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -2.5 -0.7 -2.9 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 -1.7 -1.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.1 12.7 3.6 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -2.1 -0.2 -1.9 1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.5 6.3 2.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -2.0 -0.4 -1.1 1.1 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.8 1.4 4.3 -1.1 0.7 2.0 0.8 -0.8 2.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 1.7 1.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.4 1.9 5.1 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.6 2.2 1.0 0.5 1.9 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.2
Miserableness 2.2 3.8 9.4 -1.1 0.9 2.4 1.9 3.0 3.1 0.8 0.9 0.5 1.9 2.8 1.8
Guilty feelings 2.1 3.1 7.6 -1.0 2.8 2.5 1.9 1.4 2.0 0.8 1.7 1.4 1.4 2.0 1.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.1 1.2 4.9 -1.8 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 1.4 -1.0 2.2 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.1 0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.7 0.8
Hearing aid user 1.9 2.1 5.1 -2.3 0.7 0.8 0.9 2.1 1.1 1.7 1.0 0.6 1.8 1.4 1.8
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 4.3 -0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.8 0.7 0.2 1.6 2.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.2
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.7 2.0 7.6 -2.3 -1.2 0.8 0.0 2.7 -0.3 2.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.8 1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 1.3 2.4 4.5 -1.8 1.3 1.9 1.7 0.8 2.1 -0.6 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.9 2.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.7 0.9 2.8 -0.7 0.9 1.7 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.8 2.3 7.3 -1.5 0.9 1.8 1.8 0.5 2.7 0.3 1.5 -0.5 0.7 2.3 1.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.9 1.6 4.7 -1.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.6 0.6 -0.7 2.2 -1.5 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.4 2.1 4.9 -1.4 1.5 2.0 1.3 0.0 1.5 -0.9 0.6 1.1 1.4 2.0 2.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Lisinopril 1.0 1.3 5.2 0.7 0.9 1.7 0.8 -0.5 1.3 -0.4 2.3 -0.3 0.1 1.0 1.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.8 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.6 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 1.1 0.6 0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.2 1.6 0.1 0.3 -1.2 -0.4 0.8 -0.3 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Never 6.2 7.4 14.3 1.8 -1.4 -3.3 -3.2 -2.5 -3.7 0.3 -2.0 -1.3 -3.7 -3.8 -2.9
Ever smoked 1.2 2.2 5.0 0.4 1.4 1.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.3 2.2 1.3 1.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.9 18.5 4.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -2.7 -0.8 -3.1 0.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.9 -1.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.8 3.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.9 -0.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 -0.8 -0.6
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.3 13.9 3.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -2.8 -0.4 -3.2 -0.0 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6 -1.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.7 1.0 1.3 1.7 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.6 1.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.9 3.0 -1.1 -1.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.8 -1.5 -0.2 1.5 -0.7 0.4 0.6
Irritability 2.3 3.9 7.9 -2.8 1.5 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.3 1.4 1.2 2.0 1.4 2.4 2.1
Risk taking 1.1 1.6 3.8 0.6 -0.1 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.6 -1.6 1.6 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.5 1.7 4.5 -0.0 1.5 1.8 1.0 0.8 2.1 -0.7 1.2 0.1 1.9 1.3 1.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.1 1.4 7.0 1.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -2.6 -0.4 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.8 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.8 -0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 4.2 11.0 0.7 3.3 1.9 2.0 0.5 2.2 -0.7 1.7 1.6 2.5 1.8 3.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.1 1.3 5.7 -0.4 -2.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -1.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.2 1.5 3.6 1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -1.2 0.1 -1.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 -1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.3 1.6 5.4 -1.1 0.5 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.4 -1.2 0.3 0.7 2.3 1.5 1.1
Myopia 0.9 1.3 4.7 -2.1 -1.7 -0.8 0.5 2.2 0.3 0.5 -0.9 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.0 2.8 7.9 0.9 -1.2 -2.5 -1.9 0.1 -2.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -1.4 -2.2 -2.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.7 1.0 5.3 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.4 1.4 0.5 2.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.7
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.1 1.4 0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.2 1.3 1.1 0.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.4
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 2.0 1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 0.0 1.4 1.0 -1.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.0
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.5 3.0 7.0 -1.0 1.9 2.6 2.0 1.2 1.9 1.2 2.0 1.4 0.8 2.4 1.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 4.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -0.9 -0.1 -2.2 -1.6 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.6 1.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.5 -1.0
Heart disease (siblings) 0.9 1.2 3.6 -0.9 -1.9 -0.7 -1.0 0.3 -1.0 1.3 -1.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.4 -1.0 0.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1
Pack years of smoking 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.1 -1.1 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.8 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1
Impedance of whole body 1.7 8.6 17.6 0.6 -3.7 -4.1 -3.7 -0.6 -3.9 0.5 -4.2 -2.4 -1.9 -3.2 -2.4
Leg fat mass (left) 0.4 1.4 4.7 2.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -2.2 -0.8 -0.9 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 -1.3 -0.9
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.0 12.6 3.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -2.8 -0.6 -2.9 -0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1.7 -1.4