Hub : Genes

CLDN23

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1870 0.0600 1.4e-03 0.025 NA 0.026 NA 0.037 8.1e-03 NA 7.2e-03 NA 1.7e-03
2 GTEx Lung 0.1796 0.0452 3.7e-08 0.167 NA 0.149 NA 0.161 9.1e-13 NA 1.8e-11 NA 2.5e-12
3 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.4160 0.0660 2.3e-10 0.305 NA 0.288 NA 0.299 3.4e-17 NA 3.7e-16 NA 7.6e-17
4 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.4300 0.0510 0.0e+00 0.382 NA 0.389 NA 0.390 2.6e-33 NA 5.0e-34 NA 3.7e-34
5 GTEx Testis 0.2040 0.0760 7.6e-03 0.006 NA 0.074 NA 0.031 1.7e-01 NA 3.5e-04 NA 1.6e-02
6 GTEx Thyroid 0.1360 0.0480 1.1e-03 0.029 NA 0.015 NA 0.035 2.6e-03 NA 2.3e-02 NA 1.1e-03
7 METSIM Adipose 0.0972 0.0350 7.5e-04 0.020 0.024 0.031 0.032 0.020 4.6e-04 1.3e-04 1.6e-05 1.1e-05 5.3e-04
8 YFS Blood 0.4054 0.0345 0.0e+00 0.189 0.237 0.269 0.267 0.260 1.5e-59 2.6e-76 3.2e-88 2.2e-87 6.9e-85
9 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0626 0.0252 2.8e-05 0.025 0.024 0.021 NA 0.020 6.5e-04 8.0e-04 1.7e-03 NA 2.0e-03
10 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0536 0.0258 4.2e-05 0.043 0.024 0.023 NA 0.021 7.3e-06 6.8e-04 9.0e-04 NA 1.3e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.4 2.8 -0.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.8 1.9 4.7 -1.2 -1.7 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -2.2 -0.4 1.8 0.7 -0.9
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.2 2.4 1.0 1.6 1.0 1.1 -0.1 1.5 1.0 -0.9 0.8 1.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.8 2.1 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 -0.4 1.4 0.9 -1.3 0.1 0.7
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 1.1 -0.0 0.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.1 2.6 5.1 1.4 2.0 1.7 1.7 -0.6 2.3 1.5 -0.7 1.6 1.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.9 1.8 3.4 -1.5 -1.8 -1.5 -1.5 -1.1 -1.4 -0.0 1.7 1.0 -1.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 1.0 -0.7
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.1 4.8 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 -1.0 2.2 0.7 0.1 2.1 1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.8 2.4 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 1.2 -0.5 1.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.7 1.1 5.1 -0.9 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 1.1 -0.1 2.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.6 4.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.9 2.1 0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.4 1.0 5.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.2 1.6 2.4 1.0 0.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.7 1.3 7.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.8 0.5 2.1 2.8 0.2 0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.0 0.0
Reaction Time 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.1 -0.4 0.8 0.3 -1.1 0.2 0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.8 4.5 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.8 2.1 0.2 0.6
Breast Cancer 0.5 1.3 3.2 -1.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -1.8 -1.1 -1.1
Ovarian Cancer 0.9 1.2 2.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 1.0 -0.6 0.0 -1.2 -0.1 -1.7
Prostate Cancer 1.4 1.9 4.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 0.8 -0.1 1.3 0.5 -0.3 -1.5
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.8 2.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 -0.6 0.2 -1.2 -1.7 -0.2 -0.0
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -1.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.9 1.4 0.9 0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.8 0.9 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 1.5 -0.9 0.6 0.0 -0.7 -1.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.6 3.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.5 1.3 1.7 -0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.7 0.8 2.3 -1.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 1.2 0.8 0.1 -1.0
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 1.2 -0.3 -0.0
HbA1C 4.7 5.3 10.5 -2.2 -2.9 -2.7 -2.7 1.4 -2.6 1.3 -0.9 -1.7 -3.2
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0
LDL Cholesterol 1.5 2.3 5.2 -2.0 -1.6 -1.8 -1.9 1.1 -1.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -2.3
Lupus 3.1 4.7 7.8 -2.3 -2.8 -2.6 -2.6 0.4 -2.3 1.6 2.8 0.5 -2.0
Neuroticism (2016) 4.5 6.5 17.5 2.0 3.9 3.2 3.2 0.5 4.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.4 2.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.4 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2 0.2 0.8 1.5 -0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.6 1.3 2.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 1.2 1.3 -0.6
Triglycerides 2.4 3.9 8.0 1.9 2.8 2.3 2.4 -1.6 2.4 -1.1 -0.2 1.1 2.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.2 1.4 2.7 -1.1 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 1.1 -1.2 0.7 0.8 0.1 -1.0
Ulcerative Colitis 1.2 1.7 7.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 2.1 0.7 2.7 1.6 -1.1 -0.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.6 6.2 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -1.5 1.5 -0.9 1.6 -1.9 -2.5 -1.7
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.0 3.4 1.1 0.4 1.0 1.0 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 1.1 1.9 1.2
Blood White Count 0.1 0.6 3.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 1.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.2
Heel T-Score 0.4 3.3 6.2 -1.9 -2.3 -1.9 -1.9 2.2 -2.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.8 -2.5
BMI 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.8 -0.6 1.0 0.4
Height 0.7 14.1 19.8 4.0 3.7 4.2 4.2 -4.5 2.4 -4.4 -0.0 4.4 3.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.8 3.7 6.1 -2.5 -2.3 -2.4 -2.4 1.4 -2.3 0.9 0.3 -1.3 -2.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 1.1 2.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 1.1 -1.5 1.2 0.0 -0.7 -1.6
Smoking Status 0.7 1.6 9.4 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.8 -0.5 1.1 -0.1 1.2 3.1 1.0
Allergy or Eczema 1.2 3.2 5.9 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.1 -2.4 1.4 -1.2 -1.4 1.2 1.8
Cardiovascular Disease 0.1 0.4 1.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 -0.1 1.3 0.7 0.0 0.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.9 6.7 -1.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2 1.7 -1.3 2.6 -0.2 -1.3 -1.4
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.3 1.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 1.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.5 2.8 5.8 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.4 -1.3 1.7 0.2 2.4 2.3 1.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.5 2.7 8.7 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.4 -0.7 1.6 0.1 2.2 3.0 1.3
Lung FVC 0.2 1.1 3.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 -1.3 1.7 -0.1 -1.9 -0.0 0.0
Neuroticism 0.4 1.0 1.8 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.9 -0.8 1.3 1.0 -0.3 1.3 0.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.2 0.4 3.1 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.6 -1.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Hair Pigment 0.0 1.2 2.8 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.1 -1.7 1.4 -1.5 -0.3 1.0 0.3
Tanning 0.1 0.8 4.3 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.2 -2.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.2
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.7 2.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 1.4 1.2 0.5 -0.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.7 1.2 5.4 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 -1.3 0.2 0.5 1.8 2.3 0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 5.6 9.7 20.1 2.8 4.5 3.9 3.9 -0.6 4.3 0.2 0.1 1.8 4.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 2.1 3.0 6.1 0.9 2.5 1.8 1.9 -0.2 2.5 0.9 -2.5 -0.8 1.6
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 3.0 4.6 6.9 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 -2.0 2.6 -1.3 -1.4 0.9 2.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.0 0.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.0 2.7 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.6 1.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 6.9 8.7 15.4 -3.3 -3.9 -3.5 -3.5 2.6 -3.8 0.4 -0.4 -2.3 -3.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.3 -1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -1.5 -1.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 4.2 12.2 26.2 -3.3 -5.1 -4.4 -4.4 1.8 -4.8 2.1 1.6 -0.5 -3.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.6
Angina 0.9 1.2 3.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 1.2 -1.8 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 5.3 5.9 9.8 -2.8 -3.0 -2.8 -2.8 2.2 -3.1 0.8 -0.0 -1.9 -2.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.9 1.2 2.6 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.9 -0.4 1.4 0.8 1.6 0.4 1.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.9 1.0 2.5 -0.6 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 0.4 -1.6 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -1.5
Medication: Co-codamol 1.2 1.3 3.1 -1.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.7 -0.5 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.4
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.4
Diabetes (father) 1.3 1.6 4.2 -0.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 0.5 -1.4 1.3 2.0 0.7 -0.5
Diabetes (mother) 1.3 1.6 3.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 1.4 -1.5 0.8 0.2 -1.8 -0.6
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.6 0.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.9 1.4 4.8 -0.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 2.0 2.2 -0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 2.0 9.5 23.6 2.5 4.9 3.6 3.6 0.7 4.8 1.1 1.9 1.1 3.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.5 7.5 -0.9 -2.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -2.7 -1.0 -0.2 1.1 -1.1
Trunk fat percentage 0.9 3.8 8.8 -1.7 -2.5 -2.3 -2.3 1.5 -3.0 1.6 1.3 0.4 -1.7
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.7 1.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 0.6 -1.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2
Current tobacco smoking 1.3 2.1 4.5 -0.7 -2.1 -1.7 -1.7 0.1 -1.8 0.1 1.2 1.9 -1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 1.2 0.0
Maternal smoking around birth 2.1 3.1 5.2 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.3 -1.2 2.0 -1.4 -1.4 0.8 1.6
Fed-up feelings 5.1 9.2 21.3 2.7 4.6 3.7 3.7 -0.8 4.6 0.2 -1.7 0.8 3.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 4.9 0.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 -0.6 2.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.1 1.3
Relative age voice broke 0.6 1.0 2.3 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 -0.7 1.5 -1.4 -0.0 0.5 0.9
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.4 2.0 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.0 -0.5 1.4 0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.7 4.1 5.9 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.4 -1.0 2.4 -2.3 -2.3 0.3 1.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.7 0.8 4.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 -1.1 0.5 2.0 0.1 -0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 5.8 13.1 31.7 -3.5 -5.6 -4.5 -4.5 0.3 -4.9 0.2 2.2 0.7 -4.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.2 1.3 2.5 -1.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 0.8 -0.5 1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.7 -0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.2 2.6 4.7 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 -1.1 1.6 -0.6 0.2 1.4 2.2
High blood pressure 1.8 5.0 13.5 -1.5 -3.6 -2.7 -2.7 -0.6 -3.7 1.1 1.1 0.3 -2.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.9 2.0 5.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 -2.3 1.1 -1.2 -1.0 0.9 1.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.0 5.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -2.4 -0.7 -1.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 5.3 6.6 11.6 2.4 3.3 3.1 3.1 -1.3 3.4 -0.7 0.9 2.7 2.8
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.8 1.1 3.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.2 0.4 1.8 0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.2 0.6
Medication: Atenolol 3.0 3.7 8.0 -1.9 -2.5 -2.3 -2.3 1.4 -2.8 0.6 0.1 -1.0 -2.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.3 2.2 6.2 1.3 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 0.6 -0.1 1.1
Sitting height 0.6 4.2 13.6 2.0 0.8 1.4 1.4 -3.7 -0.5 -3.4 0.1 2.7 0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.1 2.5 5.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 1.6 -1.5 1.2 -0.3 -2.3 -1.7
High blood pressure (mother) 1.5 2.1 6.9 -0.9 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 0.4 -2.6 0.7 1.6 -1.3 -1.4
Body mass index (BMI) 2.8 12.1 28.1 -3.3 -5.3 -4.5 -4.5 0.9 -5.1 1.5 1.0 0.1 -3.3
Impedance of leg (left) 2.3 10.9 26.7 2.8 5.2 4.0 4.0 0.7 5.1 0.7 1.6 1.2 3.4
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.5 2.4 7.0 -0.7 -2.3 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -2.6 -1.1 -0.2 1.2 -1.0
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.4 9.1 -1.5 -2.6 -2.2 -2.2 0.7 -3.0 1.0 1.3 1.0 -1.6
Waist circumference 0.6 2.0 5.5 -1.4 -2.0 -1.8 -1.7 0.5 -2.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 -1.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.6 1.1 2.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 -1.5 0.8 -0.7 0.6 0.9 1.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.4 0.4 1.6 0.9 0.9 -0.8 0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -1.5 0.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 1.0 2.2 -0.5 -1.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 -1.5 -1.1 0.6 -0.3 -1.5
Nervous feelings 7.8 14.6 34.0 3.7 5.8 4.8 4.9 -0.8 5.5 -0.4 -0.8 2.1 4.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.6 2.5 6.3 0.6 2.5 1.7 1.8 0.1 2.5 0.9 -1.2 -0.9 1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.9 1.4 2.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.6 -0.5 1.4 0.6 0.0 1.2 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9
Had menopause 3.5 4.4 8.1 -2.1 -2.7 -2.6 -2.5 1.9 -2.9 0.5 0.8 -1.4 -2.0
Had other major operations 1.1 1.4 4.1 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 -1.7 0.4 -2.0 -1.2 0.7 1.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 2.7 10.2 18.2 3.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 -2.6 4.3 -2.1 -1.9 1.4 2.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 5.0 11.4 27.2 -3.0 -5.2 -4.3 -4.3 -0.2 -4.7 0.5 2.2 1.3 -3.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.8 2.5 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 -1.6 -0.3 0.8
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 1.2 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 -0.8 0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.7 -1.0 1.2 -1.1 0.3 1.2 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.1 1.6 3.9 0.9 2.0 1.7 1.7 0.3 1.6 -0.4 -1.5 -0.6 0.9
Heart attack 0.6 0.7 2.8 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 1.5 -0.5 1.7 0.8 0.8 -0.3
Allergy 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 -0.3 -0.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.9 0.9 2.7 -0.2 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.5 1.6 1.2 -0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 1.2 0.5 -0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 3.9 0.9 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.6 -0.6 -2.0 -0.8 0.8
Medication: Ramipril 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.8 -0.3 1.2 1.5 0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.8 1.5 0.5 -0.8
Fluid intelligence score 0.7 1.6 9.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.1 1.4 3.1 1.1 0.5
Illnesses of siblings 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4
Neuroticism score 12.2 25.5 56.2 5.0 7.5 6.4 6.4 -2.0 7.0 -0.6 -1.1 2.5 5.6
Weight 0.5 2.6 7.5 -1.2 -2.4 -1.8 -1.8 -0.7 -2.7 0.0 0.8 1.4 -1.2
Impedance of arm (right) 1.8 8.5 23.0 2.9 4.8 3.8 3.8 0.3 3.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.4 2.8
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.9 7.5 16.0 -2.5 -3.9 -3.4 -3.4 1.3 -4.0 1.6 1.5 0.7 -2.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.5 6.2 0.3 -0.6 0.0 0.1 -2.5 -0.6 -1.9 0.0 2.0 0.3
Hip circumference 0.5 2.1 6.4 -0.9 -2.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.5 -2.5 -0.1 1.3 1.8 -0.8
Time employed in main current job 1.4 1.6 7.3 -1.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 2.7 -0.3 1.4 0.8 -0.7 -1.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 2.0 3.0 5.1 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 -1.8 2.2 -0.2 0.1 2.3 2.0
Father’s age at death 3.3 4.4 9.9 2.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 -0.9 2.6 -0.7 -1.0 0.4 1.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 11.9 22.5 46.2 4.8 6.8 5.9 6.0 -1.3 6.3 -1.0 -0.2 2.3 6.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.1 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 1.1 1.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.6
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 -1.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 1.0 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.3
Number of live births 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 4.1 13.9 28.7 3.6 5.1 4.7 4.7 -2.4 5.4 -1.4 -1.2 1.8 3.8
Pulse rate 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4
Happiness 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.1 0.3 -0.1 0.9 1.3 0.2
Noisy workplace 0.7 0.9 5.3 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 1.1 0.7 -2.3 -1.1 -0.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.2 3.9 0.8 1.3 1.0 1.0 -0.0 0.1 -2.0 -0.9 -1.6 0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.1 6.1 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 -1.0 -2.5 -1.2 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 5.1 8.7 15.1 -2.8 -3.9 -3.7 -3.7 2.3 -3.9 1.9 2.0 -0.5 -2.8
Asthma 0.3 0.5 2.6 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -1.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.3 1.7 3.2 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.6 -1.2 1.3 -0.7 0.2 0.6 1.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.4 0.7 3.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.2 2.0 1.1 0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.1 -1.6 -0.0 0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.7 0.8 5.3 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.4 2.3 1.3 0.3
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.2 2.6 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.1 -0.8 1.0 -1.6 0.1 1.0 1.2
Lung cancer (father) 1.0 1.2 1.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 1.3 -1.3 0.9 0.8 -0.3 -1.2
Illnesses of mother 1.2 1.4 5.6 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.8 -1.2 0.4 -2.4 -1.8 1.6 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 3.8 12.0 25.7 3.4 4.6 4.3 4.2 -2.7 5.1 -1.0 -1.1 1.8 3.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.0 2.4 3.7 -1.6 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 0.8 -1.7 1.7 1.3 -0.0 -1.5
Impedance of arm (left) 1.7 7.9 21.2 3.0 4.6 3.7 3.7 0.2 3.5 -1.0 -0.2 0.4 2.7
Arm fat mass (right) 1.8 7.2 17.5 -2.4 -4.0 -3.4 -3.4 0.7 -4.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 -2.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.5 5.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.0 0.0 -2.4 -0.7 -1.8 0.2 2.1 0.2
Standing height 1.6 15.7 28.5 4.1 5.3 5.1 5.1 -3.3 4.3 -3.0 -0.4 2.7 3.9
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 3.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 1.1 1.8 1.5 0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.0 0.8 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 0.6
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 2.9 4.7 13.1 1.2 3.2 2.5 2.4 0.5 3.6 2.6 -0.9 0.4 1.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.4 3.6 7.7 1.8 2.8 2.2 2.2 -0.9 2.6 0.2 0.4 1.5 2.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.2
Birth weight of first child 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.1
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 7.1 16.4 33.5 3.9 5.5 5.2 5.2 -1.9 5.8 -1.1 -0.8 2.1 4.6
Pulse wave reflection index 1.6 2.0 3.1 -1.4 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7 0.2 -1.4 1.7 1.4 -0.3 -1.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.4
Loud music exposure frequency 0.9 1.0 3.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.9 -1.8 -0.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.7 4.4 8.3 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.8 -1.0 2.1 -1.8 -1.0 1.1 1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 6.1 7.9 13.1 -3.1 -3.4 -3.5 -3.5 1.8 -3.6 1.4 0.6 -2.0 -3.2
Medication: Paracetamol 1.4 2.3 4.8 1.3 2.0 1.3 1.4 -1.3 2.2 1.0 0.4 1.2 2.0
Headache pain in last month 3.1 5.4 13.0 2.1 3.5 2.6 2.6 -1.2 3.6 0.2 0.0 0.3 3.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.7 2.6 -0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.8 0.2 -1.3 -1.6 0.0
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 6.7 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.0 -1.2 1.0 -0.4 1.4 2.6 1.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.0 1.5 1.5 0.5 0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.4 2.8 8.8 1.6 3.0 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -1.0 1.2 -0.5
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.5
Birth weight 1.4 3.0 5.2 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 -2.1 1.5 -1.7 0.8 1.1 -0.9 -1.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.5 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.9 7.1 14.5 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 -2.7 3.8 -1.0 -1.6 1.1 2.7
Body fat percentage 1.5 5.7 11.4 -2.1 -3.1 -2.9 -2.9 1.6 -3.4 2.0 1.9 0.6 -2.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.3 8.3 15.4 -2.7 -3.9 -3.6 -3.6 1.7 -3.5 2.7 2.4 0.7 -2.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.3 3.1 -0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.8 -0.8 0.3 1.4 -0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.3 0.3
Comparative body size at age 10 6.2 17.1 30.9 -4.3 -5.6 -5.5 -5.5 1.9 -5.2 2.8 1.6 -1.8 -4.2
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7
Worry too long after embarrassment 6.2 10.4 21.5 2.9 4.6 4.4 4.3 -0.9 4.5 0.3 -1.2 1.1 3.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 -1.1 0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.8 0.7
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.7 1.2 3.5 -0.4 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -1.9 0.5 1.0 1.2 -0.3
Number of children fathered 1.7 1.9 6.5 1.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -1.7 1.8 2.6 1.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.1 1.3 2.7 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.6 0.0 0.4 -1.4 0.4 0.9 1.2
Age at first live birth 1.4 2.4 4.6 1.0 2.1 1.9 1.9 -0.4 1.8 -1.4 -2.1 -0.8 1.0
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.5 3.0 4.6 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 -0.8 1.9 -1.9 -1.5 -0.0 1.7
Health satisfaction 0.8 1.0 3.6 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 -1.9 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.1 2.5 4.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 1.5 -2.0 1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -1.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.7 3.1 9.0 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.9 -0.6 1.8 -1.6 -3.0 -1.3 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.0 1.2 2.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 0.9 1.0 0.9 -0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 3.2 3.6 7.3 -1.9 -2.7 -2.5 -2.5 0.1 -2.3 1.0 1.9 0.3 -1.8
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.2 2.0 3.9 -1.0 -1.5 -1.1 -1.1 1.3 -1.3 -1.5 -2.0 -1.6 -1.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.5 -0.0 0.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.1 3.0 0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.5 -1.7 -0.5 0.8 1.3 -0.7
Angina (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.2 -1.8 0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.7 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.5 -0.3 1.2 0.7 1.6 0.4 1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.7 0.9 2.0 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.1 -0.4 0.8 -0.0 0.8 0.5 1.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 0.9 2.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 0.7 -0.6 1.5 1.6 0.3 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole 0.9 1.0 3.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 -1.6 0.6 -0.3 0.1 1.9 1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 0.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.8 0.7 0.6 -0.9 0.1 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 -0.7 0.4
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.6 0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.9 1.0
Whole body fat mass 1.3 5.4 12.5 -2.1 -3.3 -2.9 -2.9 0.9 -3.5 1.1 1.3 0.6 -2.1
Leg fat mass (right) 2.2 8.5 17.5 -2.8 -4.2 -3.7 -3.7 1.2 -4.1 1.9 1.9 0.6 -2.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.4 3.0 -0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 0.6 1.5 -0.4
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.8 3.9 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 2.0 1.8 0.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.7 1.6 3.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.4 -0.6 0.9 -0.6 -0.5 1.8 1.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.0 5.7 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 -2.1 0.8 -0.7 1.4 2.4 1.1
Number of full sisters 2.0 2.5 4.9 -1.9 -2.1 -2.0 -2.0 1.3 -2.2 0.6 -0.1 0.1 -1.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 6.3 9.9 21.3 3.1 4.4 4.0 3.9 -1.1 4.6 1.5 -0.2 2.2 3.1
Overall health rating 2.0 4.3 10.3 -2.2 -3.2 -2.6 -2.6 0.7 -3.0 1.0 0.7 0.6 -1.8
Chest pain or discomfort 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.0
Had major operations 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1
Age at last live birth 3.6 5.3 10.7 2.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 -1.0 2.9 -1.1 -1.1 0.8 2.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.6 0.8 1.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 1.0 -0.7 0.6 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8
Leg pain on walking 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.3 1.5 3.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 -1.1 1.1 -0.6 1.3 1.8 1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 4.5 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.1 1.2 2.1 1.0 -0.0
Medication: Aspirin 3.9 5.1 13.9 -1.7 -2.2 -2.5 -2.4 0.6 -2.4 3.1 3.7 0.0 -1.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.9 1.0 2.0 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 1.1 -1.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.9 5.4 14.4 -1.6 -3.6 -2.8 -2.8 -0.4 -3.8 1.2 1.4 0.3 -2.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.5 1.7 3.5 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.5 -1.5 1.3 -1.9 -0.7 1.3 1.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.2 0.0 -1.1 -1.1 0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.9 2.3 4.4 -1.6 -2.1 -1.9 -1.9 1.0 -1.9 0.6 -0.1 -1.5 -1.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.7 1.9 -0.5 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 3.4 7.1 11.7 2.8 3.4 3.1 3.1 -1.9 2.9 -1.3 1.1 2.8 3.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.5 4.8 -0.1 -1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -2.2 -1.5 -1.5 -0.1 1.8 -0.2
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.4 2.1 6.0 -0.6 -2.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 -2.4 -1.4 -0.6 1.1 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.0 8.0 18.0 -2.5 -4.0 -3.5 -3.5 1.3 -4.2 1.6 1.4 0.4 -2.7
Average weekly red wine intake 1.5 2.2 8.0 -1.3 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 1.0 -2.8 0.0 0.9 -0.3 -1.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1
Mood swings 4.5 8.1 19.0 2.7 4.4 3.5 3.5 -1.1 3.7 -0.9 -1.1 1.5 3.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.7 -1.1 -0.9 0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.9 2.8 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 1.7 1.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 3.6 4.2 6.6 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 -1.4 2.1 -0.9 0.4 2.4 2.6
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.7 2.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 1.1 1.4 0.7 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 1.0 0.9 -0.7
Friendships satisfaction 0.9 1.2 2.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -0.0 1.2 -1.4 -1.2 -0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 0.9 1.8 1.4 0.9 1.2 1.2 -0.2 0.7 -1.3 -0.0 1.0 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.2 -1.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.5 1.7 4.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.4 -1.4 1.0 -1.8 1.1 2.0 0.5 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 2.6 4.2 7.6 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 -1.8 2.2 -1.0 0.3 1.2 2.3
Medication for cholesterol 2.2 3.3 7.3 1.7 2.7 2.2 2.3 -0.4 2.3 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 2.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.8 2.1 3.6 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.8 -1.4 1.9 -0.7 -1.2 1.2 1.4
Back pain experienced in last month 6.5 9.4 17.0 4.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 -2.9 3.1 -1.3 1.7 4.0 3.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.1 1.5 3.7 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.5 -0.6 1.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 1.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.5 0.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.7 3.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 0.1 -1.8 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.6 0.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.3 -1.3 -1.6 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 -0.9
Medication: Aspirin 3.8 5.0 12.4 -1.8 -2.1 -2.4 -2.4 0.8 -2.1 3.5 3.3 -0.3 -1.6
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 1.0 1.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 -1.1 1.3 -1.1 0.2 1.4 0.7
Smoking status: Current 0.9 1.5 4.8 -0.4 -1.8 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.2 0.8 2.2 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.6 1.2 3.3 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.5 1.8 0.2 -1.4 -0.7 0.3
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.5 4.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6 -2.1 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 1.7 -0.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.1 6.3 -0.6 -2.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 -2.5 -1.3 -0.4 1.1 -0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 1.6 6.6 16.3 -2.2 -3.8 -3.3 -3.2 0.6 -4.0 1.0 1.4 0.7 -2.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.2 3.1 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.7 0.2 1.8 0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -1.2 -1.3
Miserableness 8.0 13.9 29.2 3.1 5.4 4.7 4.7 -1.6 5.1 -1.3 -1.6 1.6 4.5
Guilty feelings 5.5 8.3 17.7 2.9 4.2 3.6 3.6 -1.8 3.9 -0.4 -0.2 1.4 3.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.2 1.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.6 3.5 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.3 -1.9 1.6 -0.7 1.2 0.6 1.3
Hearing aid user 1.0 1.1 2.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 -1.6 0.7 -1.3 -0.8 0.5 0.8
Mother’s age at death 1.6 1.9 3.5 1.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 -0.7 1.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.1 1.8
Financial situation satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 0.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.9 2.3 4.7 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 -1.4 1.9 -0.1 0.5 1.3 2.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.8 2.7 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 -0.8 -1.6 -1.0 0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.7 0.8 4.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.1 1.5 2.2 0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 1.6 3.1 8.6 -0.7 -2.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.0 -2.6 0.2 1.2 1.2 -1.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.3 2.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.7 1.5 0.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 2.0 2.6 6.6 -1.9 -2.6 -1.9 -2.0 1.4 -1.8 0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -1.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.9 1.5 8.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 0.7 -0.1 1.8 2.8 0.9 -0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.5 2.3 7.7 -0.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -1.8 1.0 2.8 1.4 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.7 1.1 3.5 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.5 -0.5 1.6 1.9 0.7 0.6 1.1
Medication: Lisinopril 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 -1.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.2 1.5 3.8 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 1.7 -1.1 1.9 0.9 -0.4 -1.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.1 0.2 1.0
Ever smoked 0.6 1.0 4.7 0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3 1.7 2.2 1.2
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.6 3.7 -0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.8 -1.9 -1.0 0.3 1.7 -0.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.1 7.5 15.0 -2.6 -3.9 -3.4 -3.4 1.6 -3.3 2.3 2.3 0.8 -2.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.4 4.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.7 -0.7 -1.8 -1.4 -0.8 0.9 2.1 -0.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.6 0.9 2.6 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -1.4 0.1 1.6 0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 3.0 4.3 14.4 1.6 3.1 2.4 2.4 -0.6 3.8 0.8 -0.3 0.6 1.9
Irritability 12.7 21.6 47.2 4.4 6.9 5.8 5.8 -1.6 6.7 -0.7 -0.8 2.2 5.4
Risk taking 1.7 2.4 7.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -0.1 -1.5 1.3 2.8 0.8 -0.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.3 0.9 -0.9 -1.0 0.7 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 -1.8 -1.7 0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.2 -1.2 0.4 0.1 1.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 4.1 12.8 28.3 -3.7 -5.3 -4.5 -4.6 1.8 -4.9 1.5 0.4 -0.9 -3.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.8 2.2 3.7 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 -0.5 1.5 -1.1 -1.8 -0.1 1.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 0.5 1.1 1.3 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.7 0.9 4.8 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -2.2 -1.2 -1.0
Myopia 2.3 3.4 6.3 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.3 -0.6 2.5 -1.3 -0.2 0.9 2.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.8 4.8 13.6 1.4 3.4 2.6 2.6 -0.0 3.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.3 2.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.1 1.7 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 1.1 -0.6 1.2 1.1 0.1 -1.3
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.2 1.3 0.4
Pain experienced in last month 1.5 2.6 3.7 -1.9 -1.7 -1.5 -1.4 1.8 -1.7 -0.4 -1.5 -1.8 -1.7
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -1.1 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.1 3.9 0.9 0.5 1.2 1.2 -1.0 0.6 -1.2 -2.0 0.0 0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.3 1.8 0.9 0.9 -0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 6.3 8.1 14.1 -3.0 -3.5 -3.6 -3.6 1.8 -3.8 1.2 0.8 -1.8 -3.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.8 2.0 4.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 -2.1 1.5 -0.8 -0.3 1.6 1.4
Pack years of smoking 0.8 1.2 3.6 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -0.0 1.6 1.9 -0.5
Impedance of whole body 2.1 10.4 27.9 3.1 5.3 4.1 4.1 0.5 4.6 -0.0 0.6 0.7 3.2
Leg fat mass (left) 2.0 7.8 16.6 -2.7 -4.1 -3.5 -3.5 1.1 -3.9 1.7 1.9 0.7 -2.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.4 3.8 -0.4 -1.5 -0.8 -0.8 -1.8 -1.4 -1.0 0.5 1.9 -0.2