Hub : Genes

CLDN7

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Visceral Omentum 0.2530 0.0650 2.2e-05 0.137 NA 0.122 NA 0.120 1.4e-07 NA 7.3e-07 NA 8.5e-07
2 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.2971 0.0965 7.2e-04 0.101 NA 0.034 NA 0.117 1.8e-04 NA 2.2e-02 NA 5.6e-05
3 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1420 0.0460 6.5e-04 0.035 NA 0.011 NA 0.024 2.0e-03 NA 5.8e-02 NA 8.8e-03
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1304 0.0343 1.5e-06 0.082 NA 0.083 NA 0.085 1.9e-08 NA 1.6e-08 NA 9.8e-09
5 GTEx Pancreas 0.1700 0.0600 2.9e-03 0.062 NA -0.002 NA 0.015 1.3e-03 NA 4.3e-01 NA 7.4e-02
6 GTEx Spleen 0.5100 0.1050 3.3e-06 0.265 NA 0.252 NA 0.258 1.8e-07 NA 3.8e-07 NA 2.6e-07
7 GTEx Thyroid 0.0770 0.0340 9.1e-03 0.077 NA 0.046 NA 0.064 1.7e-06 NA 1.9e-04 NA 1.2e-05
8 METSIM Adipose 0.1264 0.0321 2.7e-08 0.054 0.061 0.066 0.068 0.056 1.3e-08 1.7e-09 4.0e-10 2.0e-10 9.1e-09
9 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0682 0.0232 1.7e-04 0.057 0.029 0.045 0.037 0.051 8.2e-08 1.2e-04 1.5e-06 1.3e-05 3.9e-07
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0470 0.0240 6.4e-06 0.058 0.054 0.048 NA 0.051 2.5e-06 5.2e-06 1.7e-05 NA 1.0e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.4 3.8 5.8 -2.2 2.3 2.4 -1.9 1.8 -1.5 2.0 -2.4 0.0 1.8
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 4.4 10.7 15.1 -2.7 3.9 3.7 -3.6 3.1 -3.4 3.5 -3.6 0.0 3.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 2.8 5.8 9.7 2.8 -2.4 -1.8 2.6 -3.1 2.7 -2.7 1.3 2.2 -2.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.7 0.9 0.6 -0.7 0.8 -0.8 0.7 -1.1 -1.5 0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.8 2.6 3.7 1.7 -1.6 -1.4 1.7 -1.8 1.7 -1.9 0.3 1.6 -1.8
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 2.6 6.0 8.4 2.5 -2.4 -2.0 2.6 -2.9 2.8 -2.9 1.7 1.9 -2.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 3.4 7.1 10.0 -1.7 3.2 2.8 -3.0 2.6 -3.1 2.9 -2.7 0.0 3.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 4.0 4.7 8.0 -1.4 2.3 2.3 -2.3 2.2 -2.8 2.2 -1.4 -1.7 2.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.2 1.3 2.1 -1.2 1.0 1.0 -1.1 0.8 -1.5 1.2 -1.0 -1.3 1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.9 1.3 3.4 -0.9 1.2 1.0 -1.2 1.1 -1.9 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 1.2
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.8 2.0 -0.9 0.8 0.9 -0.9 0.4 -1.0 1.0 -1.4 -0.3 1.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.8 2.0 6.2 -1.0 1.4 1.5 -1.4 0.6 -1.3 1.4 -2.5 -0.8 1.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.7 1.4 4.2 -0.8 1.3 1.2 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 1.1 -2.1 -1.0 1.0
Major Depression (MDD) 1.9 2.3 4.3 1.0 -1.7 -1.4 1.7 -1.6 2.1 -1.8 1.3 1.5 0.0
Reaction Time 9.5 18.1 23.2 -4.8 4.3 4.0 -4.2 4.0 -3.9 4.5 -4.2 -4.4 4.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.2 1.8 0.8 -1.1 -0.8 1.3 -1.3 1.2 -1.3 0.4 1.3 -1.1
Breast Cancer 4.6 11.1 15.1 3.4 -2.7 -3.1 3.3 -2.5 3.6 -3.7 3.9 2.8 -3.9
Ovarian Cancer 1.5 1.9 4.0 2.0 -1.1 -1.1 1.4 -1.4 1.3 -1.4 1.2 1.2 -1.6
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.5
Age at First Birth 3.7 5.4 7.3 -2.7 2.2 2.7 -2.4 2.0 -2.3 2.3 -2.1 -1.8 2.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.0
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.1
Mean Putamen Volume 2.3 2.6 4.5 -1.9 1.4 1.9 -1.7 1.0 -1.3 1.4 -2.1 -1.2 1.8
Fasting Glucose 5.1 6.1 8.5 -2.9 2.7 2.2 -2.6 2.5 -2.5 2.5 -2.1 -2.2 2.4
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.4
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.7 0.0
LDL Cholesterol 3.4 5.4 7.6 2.2 -2.8 -2.5 2.6 -2.3 2.4 -2.6 2.5 2.3 0.0
Lupus 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.6 -1.0 1.3 -0.5 -1.0 1.4
Neuroticism (2016) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.9 1.3 2.6 -0.0 1.4 0.9 -1.3 0.8 -1.1 1.2 0.7 -1.6 1.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 3.8 5.2 7.8 2.8 -2.4 -2.4 2.3 -2.0 2.4 -2.1 2.1 2.0 -2.3
Schizophrenia (2014) 3.9 8.6 11.5 -1.8 3.1 3.4 -3.3 2.6 -3.1 3.0 -2.4 -3.0 3.3
Triglycerides 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 4.4 5.0 10.8 -3.3 2.5 2.4 -2.4 0.0 -2.5 2.6 -2.0 -2.2 0.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 3.7 28.3 42.1 -5.6 6.0 4.2 -5.5 6.5 -5.4 5.7 -3.1 -5.3 5.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.3 4.0 -1.1 1.6 1.9 -1.4 2.0 -1.2 1.7 -0.2 -1.9 1.3
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.9 2.5 -1.3 0.7 1.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 0.8 -0.9 0.4 1.0
Blood White Count 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.8 -0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1
Heel T-Score 2.6 20.9 32.8 2.7 -4.7 -5.0 4.7 -3.5 4.9 -5.0 5.0 3.8 -5.7
BMI 2.3 13.5 21.6 -2.7 4.0 3.2 -3.7 2.8 -3.6 3.9 -3.9 -3.9 4.7
Height 0.1 2.4 11.9 3.5 -1.4 0.5 0.7 -2.1 1.0 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 2.2 10.0 12.5 -3.5 3.1 3.2 -3.1 3.5 -3.4 3.3 -3.3 -2.5 2.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 10.2 50.9 71.2 -6.6 7.5 6.6 -7.4 6.6 -7.2 7.3 -6.7 -8.4 6.8
Smoking Status 2.4 5.7 10.2 3.2 -2.1 -2.1 2.2 -2.3 2.0 -2.3 2.6 2.9 -1.9
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.8 -0.2 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.1 -0.3
Cardiovascular Disease 3.6 12.0 20.6 -3.0 3.6 2.9 -3.5 3.0 -3.6 3.5 -3.3 -4.5 3.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.6 2.1 1.5 -1.0 0.3 0.5 -1.1 0.3 -0.5 0.8 0.7 -0.1
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.0 2.3 1.4 -0.9 -1.4 1.0 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.4 0.8 -1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.8 3.3 4.9 -2.1 1.5 1.6 -1.8 1.4 -2.0 1.7 -2.2 -1.8 1.9
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 2.0 10.4 21.9 -4.7 2.9 3.1 -3.1 2.4 -2.9 3.0 -3.2 -2.8 3.5
Lung FVC 3.8 19.4 31.8 4.3 -4.1 -3.8 4.6 -4.5 4.6 -4.6 3.5 5.6 -4.1
Neuroticism 1.9 4.7 6.4 2.5 -2.0 -1.7 2.3 -2.4 2.5 -2.5 1.1 2.0 -2.3
Chronotype (morning person) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.5
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.3 1.5 0.5 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -1.2 0.2
Tanning 0.3 3.1 8.7 2.1 -1.4 -1.7 1.6 -1.9 1.1 -1.3 2.0 2.9 -0.5
Hand grip strength (left) 1.6 4.3 9.0 3.0 -2.4 -0.9 1.9 -2.0 1.8 -2.0 1.4 2.8 -1.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 3.5 6.2 10.0 -2.0 2.3 2.8 -2.7 2.0 -2.8 2.4 -1.9 -3.2 2.6
Average weekly spirits intake 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -1.3 0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.7 0.9 2.0 -1.2 1.4 0.2 -0.7 0.7 -0.6 0.8 -1.4 -1.1 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 11.3 17.3 26.3 5.1 -4.0 -4.3 4.3 -3.6 4.1 -4.0 3.9 3.9 -4.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 1.1 2.1 -0.5 0.9 1.2 -1.2 0.8 -1.4 1.0 -0.5 -0.9 1.3
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.6 -0.8 0.6 -0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.3 2.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 1.4 0.8 -0.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 6.5 18.9 33.6 -3.5 4.5 4.5 -4.6 3.9 -4.2 4.3 -3.7 -5.8 4.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2
Angina 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 2.6 -0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.9 -1.6 -0.8 0.9
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.2 0.2 1.0 -1.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.7
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.8 2.4 0.4 -0.8 -1.5 0.8 -0.7 0.9 -0.9 0.1 0.4 -1.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.3
Medication: Metformin 0.4 0.5 1.6 -1.3 0.6 0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.7 0.7 -0.9 -0.2 0.7
Diabetes (father) 8.1 10.0 12.8 -3.2 3.2 2.8 -3.3 2.9 -3.6 3.3 -2.6 -3.1 3.5
Diabetes (mother) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 2.0 0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.0 -1.4 0.4 0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.9 2.1 0.5 -0.9 -1.4 1.0 -0.3 1.3 -0.9 0.3 0.6 -1.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.6 0.8 0.4 -1.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.5 5.8 0.1 1.6 1.4 -1.5 0.5 -1.1 1.5 -2.4 -2.0 2.2
Trunk fat percentage 1.6 6.3 12.6 -2.1 2.5 2.3 -2.6 1.5 -2.5 2.4 -2.5 -3.6 2.8
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.4 1.2 1.0 -0.7 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 0.7 1.1 -0.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.9 1.3 4.0 0.6 -0.5 -2.0 1.2 -1.3 1.2 -1.1 0.7 1.1 -0.8
Current tobacco smoking 3.8 6.3 10.0 3.2 -2.6 -2.6 2.6 -2.1 2.4 -2.4 1.5 2.6 -2.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.9 1.0 4.1 -0.6 0.6 0.7 -1.2 1.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.8 -2.0 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 5.5 7.9 12.5 3.5 -2.6 -2.1 2.8 -2.9 2.9 -2.7 2.8 3.0 -2.6
Fed-up feelings 9.1 16.5 21.1 4.3 -3.9 -4.3 4.3 -4.6 4.3 -4.2 2.4 4.0 -3.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.5 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.5 -1.4 -0.8 0.2
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.5
Taking other prescription medications 1.1 1.6 3.2 -0.7 1.0 1.3 -1.3 1.3 -1.3 1.3 -1.8 -1.4 1.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.2 -0.6 -1.3 1.2 -1.2 1.1 -1.0 0.9 1.3 -0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.2 2.7 5.4 0.8 -2.0 -2.3 1.7 -1.3 1.4 -1.5 1.5 1.0 -2.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 0.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.3 1.7 3.3 1.3 -1.3 -1.1 1.4 -1.8 1.1 -1.4 -0.2 1.8 -0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.6 0.7 1.6 -1.3 0.8 0.9 -0.9 0.7 -0.7 0.6 -1.0 -0.6 0.7
High blood pressure 4.8 13.3 22.9 -3.0 4.0 3.1 -3.9 3.3 -3.7 3.8 -3.0 -4.8 3.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.2
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.6 0.3 0.8 -0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.9 1.2 4.0 -0.9 0.8 0.5 -1.3 1.3 -1.2 1.0 -0.5 -2.0 0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 1.4 0.9 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 7.1 8.9 11.3 -2.8 2.7 3.0 -3.3 2.5 -3.4 3.1 -2.8 -3.3 3.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.2 2.3 1.3 -1.2 -0.7 1.0 -1.5 0.9 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.9
Sitting height 0.2 1.1 4.0 2.0 -1.2 0.1 0.7 -2.0 0.7 -0.7 0.1 0.4 0.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.0 0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 7.6 10.6 12.9 -2.9 3.6 3.4 -3.6 3.1 -3.6 3.4 -2.3 -3.4 3.2
Body mass index (BMI) 2.0 8.4 12.7 -2.3 3.4 2.4 -3.0 2.1 -2.7 3.0 -2.9 -3.3 3.6
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 1.0 2.4 -0.2 -1.5 -0.6 1.0 -0.9 0.5 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -1.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.5 2.4 5.4 0.1 1.5 1.4 -1.5 0.4 -1.0 1.5 -2.3 -2.0 2.2
Trunk fat mass 1.6 7.0 13.4 -1.8 2.6 2.5 -2.7 1.5 -2.4 2.5 -2.9 -3.7 3.1
Waist circumference 5.0 18.2 22.6 -3.5 4.5 4.2 -4.5 3.5 -4.2 4.4 -4.2 -4.8 4.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.0 1.6 3.3 0.5 -1.6 -1.8 1.4 -1.5 1.0 -1.2 0.9 1.1 -1.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.7 4.6 -1.4 1.1 0.7 -1.2 1.5 -0.9 1.2 -1.5 -2.1 0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.6 1.1 0.3 -0.8
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 1.4 -1.2 0.9 0.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 1.7 -1.1 1.0 0.8 -0.9 0.9 -1.0 1.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 2.5 4.0 5.7 2.4 -2.0 -2.3 2.1 -1.7 1.8 -1.8 1.4 2.1 -2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.7 1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.2 0.7
Had menopause 5.6 7.0 9.6 1.6 -3.1 -2.4 2.9 -2.9 3.0 -2.8 1.9 2.6 -3.0
Had other major operations 1.3 1.6 2.8 1.6 -1.2 -1.3 1.2 -1.1 1.7 -1.1 0.8 1.2 -1.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 4.3 16.5 22.8 4.6 -4.4 -3.0 4.2 -4.8 4.2 -4.4 2.5 4.3 -3.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.7 1.8 0.1 -1.2 -1.3 0.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.3 -1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.3 1.5 3.8 1.1 -1.1 -1.2 1.2 -1.9 1.4 -1.4 0.4 0.3 -1.4
Qualifications: None of the above 1.4 3.0 4.8 -1.1 2.1 1.6 -1.7 1.3 -1.6 2.2 -1.9 -1.4 2.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 1.0 2.9 -0.8 1.7 -0.3 -0.8 1.0 -0.8 1.1 -1.2 -0.5 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -1.1 0.3
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.1 -1.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.2 0.9 -0.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.1
Allergy 0.1 0.3 1.1 -1.0 0.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.5 0.3
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.7 -1.3 0.6 0.6 -0.7 1.0 -1.0 0.7 -1.0 -0.3 0.9
Medication: Ramipril 2.3 2.9 4.4 -1.7 1.8 1.7 -1.7 1.5 -1.4 1.6 -1.9 -2.1 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.9 -0.8 1.0 -0.9 0.1 0.6 -1.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.9 -0.4 1.1 -0.9 0.7 0.7 -1.2
Neuroticism score 1.0 2.1 3.2 1.4 -1.2 -1.3 1.5 -1.4 1.8 -1.7 0.9 1.3 -1.7
Weight 1.3 6.4 10.8 -1.1 2.7 2.5 -2.6 1.3 -2.2 2.5 -3.0 -3.3 3.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 -1.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 3.4 13.6 19.7 -3.3 4.0 3.2 -3.9 3.0 -3.7 3.6 -3.5 -4.4 4.1
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 3.0 8.4 0.3 1.6 1.9 -1.6 0.4 -1.1 1.6 -2.9 -1.8 2.4
Hip circumference 2.7 11.5 20.5 -2.3 3.5 3.3 -3.6 2.2 -3.2 3.4 -3.2 -4.5 4.1
Time employed in main current job 1.2 1.4 3.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.7 1.2 -0.8 1.3 -1.2 1.1 0.7 -1.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.2 1.8 4.0 1.2 -1.4 -1.4 1.4 -1.7 1.0 -1.3 1.1 2.0 -0.6
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.8 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.9 1.7 3.2 -1.8 1.4 1.5 -1.4 1.1 -1.0 1.0 -0.6 -1.8 0.8
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.3 1.0 -0.5 -1.1 0.7 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.6 0.2 -0.6
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.2 1.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -1.2 -0.7 0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.4 0.6 1.0 -1.0 0.7 0.8 -0.8 0.3 -1.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.9 0.8
Number of live births 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 3.2 10.8 16.6 3.5 -3.6 -2.3 3.4 -4.1 3.3 -3.6 1.7 3.6 -3.0
Pulse rate 1.7 2.8 4.3 1.2 -1.9 -1.9 1.9 -1.5 1.7 -1.7 1.1 1.6 -2.1
Happiness 3.0 3.6 6.4 1.5 -1.8 -2.5 1.8 -1.8 1.9 -2.0 2.2 1.1 -2.1
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 2.0 4.4 9.2 1.7 -2.3 -2.4 2.3 -1.2 2.2 -2.3 1.1 1.8 -3.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 0.4 0.3 -0.8
Asthma 0.4 0.9 2.4 0.1 0.6 0.7 -0.6 1.6 -1.1 0.8 -1.6 -0.7 0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.3 1.1 1.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 1.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.6 0.9 1.7 -1.3 1.0 0.6 -0.9 0.9 -0.8 1.1 -0.3 -0.9 1.0
Depression (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.6 0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.5
Prospective memory result 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.9 0.5
Illnesses of mother 5.4 6.7 9.3 2.5 -2.8 -2.5 2.8 -2.7 3.0 -2.7 1.4 2.5 -2.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.6 8.3 12.2 3.0 -3.1 -2.3 3.1 -3.5 3.0 -3.1 1.3 3.3 -2.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.4 2.1 1.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.6
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 0.8 2.7 -0.0 -1.3 -0.6 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.9 1.6 -0.3 -1.7
Arm fat mass (right) 2.5 10.3 16.4 -2.4 3.5 2.9 -3.4 2.1 -3.0 3.2 -3.3 -4.0 3.8
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 2.6 7.6 0.4 1.5 1.7 -1.5 0.2 -0.9 1.4 -2.8 -1.7 2.2
Standing height 0.1 0.9 3.9 2.0 -0.9 0.8 0.1 -1.1 0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.0
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.9 -1.0 -1.5 1.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.5 -1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 0.9 -1.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.1
Breastfed as a baby 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.9 0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -1.1 0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 2.4 5.8 8.4 1.8 -2.9 -2.3 2.5 -2.5 2.4 -2.4 2.7 2.1 -2.4
Birth weight of first child 7.9 14.3 22.7 -2.3 3.6 3.8 -3.9 3.3 -3.6 3.8 -4.8 -4.5 3.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 5.7 13.1 21.1 3.8 -3.8 -3.3 3.8 -4.0 3.4 -3.6 2.3 4.6 -3.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.9 1.1 3.7 1.9 -0.5 -1.1 0.7 -0.0 0.5 -0.5 1.6 1.4 -0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.7 -1.2 0.8 -1.0 0.8 0.6 -0.8
Loud music exposure frequency 1.0 1.0 1.8 0.5 -0.9 -1.4 1.0 -1.1 1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.1 -1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 2.7 0.6 -1.2 -1.3 0.8 -0.3 0.8 -1.0 -0.6 0.2 -1.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.7 0.9 3.2 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.9 -1.8 1.0 -0.8 0.1 0.6 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 1.5 2.5 5.7 -2.1 1.5 1.6 -1.4 1.0 -1.3 1.3 -2.4 -1.5 1.4
Headache pain in last month 1.3 2.2 4.8 -1.7 1.7 1.4 -1.3 1.2 -1.4 1.3 -2.2 -0.9 1.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 4.6 7.7 11.2 3.0 -3.0 -2.1 2.8 -2.6 2.7 -2.9 2.3 3.3 -2.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.0 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 1.0 0.2
Gout (self-reported) 1.7 2.3 3.5 -1.3 1.7 0.8 -1.5 1.8 -1.7 1.9 -1.2 -0.9 1.8
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 0.9 2.4 1.3 -1.2 -0.3 0.8 -1.6 0.6 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 2.4 3.4 4.9 -1.4 2.2 1.8 -1.9 1.3 -1.6 1.9 -2.0 -1.8 2.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.2 1.0 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.1
Birth weight 48.9 106.1 116.6 -8.9 10.3 10.5 -10.8 10.0 -10.4 10.7 -9.9 -10.8 10.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0 0.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.8 1.1 2.1 -1.0 0.9 1.2 -1.0 0.6 -1.2 1.0 -1.4 -0.7 1.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 3.9 14.2 18.6 4.3 -4.0 -3.1 4.0 -4.2 4.0 -4.0 2.1 4.0 -3.5
Body fat percentage 2.2 8.6 14.0 -2.7 3.0 2.6 -3.0 2.0 -2.9 2.8 -2.9 -3.7 3.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 3.5 12.6 16.6 -3.7 3.9 3.1 -3.7 2.6 -3.6 3.5 -3.1 -4.0 4.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.9 3.8 0.8 0.7 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -1.9 -0.8 1.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 1.1 -0.9 0.8 0.3 -0.7 0.9 -0.9 1.0 -1.1 -0.5 1.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.0
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.2 0.8 1.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.7 -0.5 0.5 1.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.6 2.7 4.0 1.3 -1.2 -2.0 1.7 -1.5 1.5 -1.7 1.9 1.7 -1.9
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.9 2.5 4.0 0.8 -1.7 -2.0 1.8 -1.6 1.6 -1.8 0.1 1.1 -1.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.8 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.0
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.9 0.5 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.8 1.0 1.6 -1.1 0.8 0.9 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 0.9 -1.1 -1.3 0.7
Age at first live birth 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.6
Health satisfaction 1.4 1.8 3.3 0.7 -1.3 -1.8 1.4 -1.4 1.5 -1.5 0.8 0.6 -1.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.1 2.5 3.6 1.2 -1.5 -1.9 1.6 -1.4 1.6 -1.6 1.9 0.9 -1.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.5 1.4 4.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.7 1.1 -0.7 1.0 -1.4 2.1 0.7 -1.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 1.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.8 1.7 -0.2 0.8 1.3 -0.8 0.8 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 0.3 1.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.2 2.6 1.2 -0.9 -1.5 1.1 -0.2 0.8 -0.8 0.5 1.6 -1.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.9 2.7 3.7 1.9 -1.4 -1.9 1.8 -1.7 1.7 -1.6 1.2 1.6 -1.4
Medication: Blood pressure 8.5 15.0 20.9 -3.6 4.2 3.3 -4.1 3.8 -3.7 4.1 -3.0 -4.6 4.0
Angina (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.0
Migraine (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 3.2 -1.2 1.2 1.8 -1.1 1.2 -0.8 0.9 -1.8 -0.8 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.4 1.0 1.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 1.0
Medication: Allopurinol 2.6 3.5 5.4 -1.6 2.0 1.5 -1.9 2.0 -2.0 2.1 -1.5 -1.3 2.3
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.9 0.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.7 0.4 0.4 -1.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.8 -0.5 1.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 9.6 18.3 20.6 -4.5 4.3 4.5 -4.3 4.2 -4.1 4.5 -3.7 -4.5 4.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.8 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.8
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.5 1.8 3.1 1.1 -1.0 -1.8 1.4 -1.2 1.4 -1.4 0.4 1.5 -1.7
Whole body fat mass 1.7 7.2 12.8 -1.9 2.8 2.4 -2.8 1.5 -2.5 2.6 -2.9 -3.6 3.2
Leg fat mass (right) 2.0 7.6 12.0 -2.2 3.0 2.3 -2.9 1.6 -2.6 2.7 -2.8 -3.4 3.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 4.0 0.8 0.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -2.0 -0.8 1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.8 2.6 4.7 1.8 -1.5 -1.7 1.9 -1.1 1.6 -1.5 1.0 2.2 -1.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.4 1.0 1.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 0.8 -0.8 1.3 1.1 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 1.0 4.5 0.9 -1.4 -0.4 0.8 -2.1 0.8 -1.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.4
Number of full sisters 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.9 1.3 2.3 -1.0 1.3 0.8 -1.2 1.4 -0.9 1.0 -1.5 -1.5 0.6
Overall health rating 1.0 2.2 4.2 -1.0 2.0 1.1 -1.6 1.4 -1.6 1.6 -1.0 -1.5 1.7
Chest pain or discomfort 10.1 14.6 20.1 -3.4 3.8 3.5 -4.0 4.5 -4.1 4.0 -3.7 -3.5 3.6
Had major operations 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.3
Age at last live birth 0.9 1.3 2.4 0.7 -1.5 -0.9 1.2 -1.2 1.2 -1.5 0.7 0.8 -1.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 2.3 0.6 -1.0 -1.5 1.1 -0.9 1.4 -1.1 0.2 0.3 -1.3
Leg pain on walking 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.3 1.0 1.1 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.1 1.3 2.4 -0.5 1.5 0.7 -1.1 1.3 -1.1 1.3 -0.5 -1.2 1.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 2.2 2.8 4.5 -2.0 1.7 1.4 -1.9 1.2 -1.8 1.7 -0.7 -2.1 2.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 4.5 12.6 22.4 -3.0 3.9 3.1 -3.8 3.1 -3.6 3.6 -2.7 -4.7 3.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.6 -0.6 0.8 -0.6 0.6 0.7 -1.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.3 1.6 2.5 -1.3 1.3 0.4 -1.3 1.2 -1.2 1.6 -1.3 -1.0 1.6
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.9 1.2 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.3 2.8 5.1 -1.0 1.7 1.7 -1.6 1.5 -1.6 1.7 -2.3 -1.5 1.8
Whole body fat-free mass 0.4 2.3 6.4 0.4 1.4 1.6 -1.4 0.2 -0.8 1.4 -2.5 -1.7 2.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 4.0 0.7 1.1 1.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.6 1.1 -2.0 -1.5 1.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.9 11.4 17.7 -3.0 3.6 3.0 -3.6 2.6 -3.4 3.3 -3.2 -4.2 3.7
Average weekly red wine intake 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.6 0.7 2.7 -0.4 1.0 0.6 -0.7 0.7 -1.0 0.7 -1.6 -0.5 0.8
Mood swings 1.3 2.3 4.0 2.0 -1.1 -1.4 1.6 -2.0 1.6 -1.7 0.6 1.4 -1.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.3 0.4 1.4 -1.0 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.2 0.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.5 3.2 -0.6 1.3 0.7 -1.3 1.2 -1.2 1.4 -1.2 -1.8 1.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.6 1.0 0.5 -0.9 0.7 -0.5 0.8 -1.1 -1.0 0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.3 1.0 -1.0 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.4 2.5 4.1 1.0 -1.8 -2.0 1.6 -1.9 1.4 -1.6 1.6 1.2 -1.3
Friendships satisfaction 3.2 3.9 7.1 1.9 -1.9 -2.7 2.1 -1.4 2.2 -2.0 0.9 1.5 -2.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 1.1 0.2 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 4.4 4.8 5.9 2.4 -2.4 -2.0 2.2 -2.3 2.4 -2.0 1.4 2.3 -2.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 1.0 -0.9 0.5 0.3 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.3 2.5 0.8 -1.2 -1.2 1.1 -1.2 1.0 -1.2 -0.1 1.6 -1.3
Medication for cholesterol 2.4 3.6 5.7 1.8 -1.7 -1.8 1.9 -1.4 1.9 -1.9 2.4 2.3 -1.8
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.6 1.9 3.5 -1.1 1.4 1.3 -1.4 1.4 -1.3 1.5 -1.1 -1.9 1.2
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.4 4.8 2.2 -0.6 -1.1 1.1 -1.0 1.0 -1.2 0.7 1.1 -0.9
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.8 0.9 0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.8 2.6 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.5 1.5 -1.0 0.7 -1.6 -0.6 0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.6 1.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.0 -0.5 0.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.2 -1.0 -0.2 0.7 -1.2 0.7 -0.8 1.1 0.0 -0.7
Medication: Aspirin 2.8 3.7 5.5 -2.3 1.9 1.8 -2.1 1.5 -1.9 1.9 -1.1 -2.2 2.2
Medication: Gliclazide 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.5 -0.8 -0.8 0.9 -1.3 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 1.1 -0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 2.3 2.9 3.7 1.8 -1.9 -1.3 1.6 -1.3 1.8 -1.6 1.9 1.8 -1.8
Smoking status: Current 3.4 5.5 8.4 2.9 -2.5 -2.4 2.4 -1.9 2.3 -2.2 1.5 2.4 -2.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.9 1.8 3.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.9 1.4 -1.5 1.6 -1.7 1.8 1.3 -1.1
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.2 6.9 0.5 1.4 1.5 -1.3 0.1 -0.8 1.3 -2.6 -1.6 2.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.6 4.3 0.6 1.2 1.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.6 1.1 -2.1 -1.6 1.8
Arm fat mass (left) 2.4 9.8 16.4 -2.3 3.3 2.9 -3.3 2.1 -2.9 3.1 -3.3 -4.1 3.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.6 1.3 -0.5 0.9 0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.9 0.8 -0.9 -1.2 0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.3 2.9 1.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.0 -0.9 1.1 -1.1 1.0 0.8 -1.3
Miserableness 1.0 1.7 3.2 1.2 -1.0 -1.5 1.3 -1.8 1.4 -1.4 -0.1 1.6 -0.8
Guilty feelings 2.8 4.1 5.6 1.8 -1.6 -2.2 2.2 -1.9 2.1 -2.2 1.7 2.1 -2.4
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.6 0.7 2.4 1.6 -0.9 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.7 1.2 0.7 -0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 2.0 2.2 4.4 -1.7 1.4 1.2 -1.5 1.3 -1.4 1.5 -1.0 -1.3 2.1
Hearing aid user 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.3
Mother’s age at death 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.7 0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.7 -0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.6 0.5 -0.6 -1.6 0.9 -0.9 0.8 -0.7 0.2 0.4 -0.6
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 6.0 7.0 8.9 2.6 -2.3 -2.8 2.8 -2.4 3.0 -2.7 2.5 2.5 -2.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.2 1.0 -0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 5.6 10.7 14.7 -2.9 3.4 3.4 -3.5 2.8 -3.3 3.3 -2.9 -3.8 3.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.3 3.1 1.8 -1.3 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 0.9 -1.2 0.9 0.5 -1.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.8 1.0 2.6 1.2 -1.1 -1.0 0.8 -0.6 1.0 -1.1 0.5 0.4 -1.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.8 1.3 0.9 -1.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.9 0.9 -0.8 0.8 0.9 -0.8
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 4.5 6.8 8.4 -2.2 2.8 2.4 -2.8 2.4 -2.9 2.8 -2.4 -2.9 2.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.4 2.1 5.7 -1.8 1.4 1.3 -1.3 1.0 -1.2 1.1 -2.4 -1.7 0.9
Medication: Lisinopril 5.9 7.6 10.3 -1.7 3.2 2.5 -3.0 3.2 -2.8 3.0 -2.5 -2.8 2.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.3 0.3 1.6 -1.3 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 -1.1 -0.2 0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.4
Ever smoked 1.4 2.4 6.8 1.8 -1.5 -0.9 1.5 -1.5 1.2 -1.4 1.3 2.6 -1.1
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.6 8.2 -0.0 1.9 1.9 -1.8 0.6 -1.3 1.8 -2.9 -2.3 2.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.9 10.4 13.8 -3.3 3.6 3.0 -3.3 2.3 -3.2 3.2 -2.8 -3.5 3.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.4 2.1 5.8 0.2 1.4 1.5 -1.3 -0.0 -0.9 1.3 -2.4 -1.6 2.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.5 2.3 4.0 1.3 -1.4 -0.8 1.5 -1.8 2.0 -1.7 1.0 1.8 -1.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.6 -0.8 0.6 -1.5 -0.4 0.6
Irritability 5.5 9.3 11.5 3.3 -3.1 -3.3 3.0 -2.7 3.0 -3.3 3.1 2.4 -3.4
Risk taking 0.4 0.6 2.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.5 -0.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.5 1.3 0.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 0.7 -1.1 -1.0 0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.1 1.2 -0.1 -0.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 4.8 14.9 27.9 -2.2 4.2 3.5 -4.1 3.0 -3.9 3.9 -3.6 -5.3 4.0
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.7 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -1.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 1.3 -0.8 1.5 1.0 -1.0
Myopia 1.8 2.6 4.9 2.2 -1.5 -1.5 1.6 -1.1 1.7 -1.5 1.7 1.4 -1.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 4.4 11.9 22.6 2.8 -3.7 -2.9 3.7 -3.1 3.5 -3.6 2.7 4.8 -3.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.0 1.3 2.5 0.8 -1.4 -1.3 1.1 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 0.8 0.6 -1.6
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 2.5 -1.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1
Supplements: Calcium 0.9 1.0 2.0 0.9 -0.8 -0.7 1.0 -0.6 1.0 -1.1 1.4 1.1 -1.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.1 -1.3 -0.3 -0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -1.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.6 0.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 -1.5 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.0
Heart disease (siblings) 1.0 1.2 2.1 -0.3 1.1 1.4 -1.1 1.3 -1.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.9 1.5
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.0
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.1 2.6 0.4 -1.0 -1.4 1.0 -0.3 1.4 -1.0 0.6 0.6 -1.6
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.8 4.4 0.1 -1.9 -1.0 1.2 -0.8 0.7 -1.4 1.9 0.7 -2.1
Leg fat mass (left) 1.7 6.8 10.7 -2.0 2.9 2.3 -2.7 1.5 -2.5 2.6 -2.7 -3.1 3.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.1 6.3 0.2 1.4 1.5 -1.2 -0.1 -0.8 1.3 -2.5 -1.5 2.1