Hub : Genes

COG1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1470 0.0370 8.9e-06 0.059 0.037 0.069 0.063 0.062 1.1e-07 2.3e-05 9.3e-09 4.0e-08 4.9e-08
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1746 0.0547 1.2e-03 -0.001 NA 0.000 NA 0.011 4.0e-01 NA 3.2e-01 NA 4.6e-02
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.2800 0.0650 1.2e-04 0.015 NA 0.034 NA 0.029 2.3e-02 NA 1.3e-03 NA 2.7e-03
4 GTEx Testis 0.2110 0.0590 6.4e-05 0.261 NA 0.217 NA 0.250 6.0e-12 NA 5.2e-10 NA 1.8e-11
5 GTEx Thyroid 0.1570 0.0400 5.5e-06 0.120 NA 0.090 NA 0.128 1.9e-09 NA 2.3e-07 NA 5.1e-10
6 YFS Blood 0.1642 0.0211 0.0e+00 0.257 0.165 0.260 0.257 0.256 8.9e-84 1.1e-51 7.8e-85 1.6e-83 3.3e-83
7 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0263 0.0168 3.3e-03 0.030 0.014 0.011 NA 0.021 3.4e-04 1.2e-02 2.3e-02 NA 2.6e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.3 0.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.0 -0.0 -0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.3 1.9 -0.3 -1.4 0.5 1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.5 1.4 5.3 2.3 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.6 1.2 1.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.3 2.7 5.4 1.2 1.2 0.4 -1.9 1.6 2.3 2.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.6 2.3 1.5 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.6 2.8 6.5 0.4 0.4 2.6 2.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.6 0.9 4.3 2.1 -0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.3 2.9 4.1 -0.1 1.4 -2.0 -1.7 2.0 2.0 1.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.6 1.5 1.9 -0.2 1.3 -1.4 -1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.9 1.1 2.8 0.5 0.8 0.2 -1.7 1.3 1.1 1.0
Reaction Time 1.6 3.1 4.9 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 1.5 -2.2 -1.8 -2.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.6 1.4 3.9 2.0 0.6 1.0 -0.4 0.7 1.4 1.4
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.5 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.5 0.6 1.8 1.3 0.1 1.0 -0.3 0.7 0.7 0.8
Prostate Cancer 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Age at First Birth 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.3 0.4 1.8 -1.4 -0.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.8 0.9 -1.1 -0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 1.1 1.0 0.9
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
HbA1C 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.0 0.0
Lupus 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0
Neuroticism (2016) 0.8 1.1 2.2 0.7 -0.3 -1.5 -1.1 0.9 1.3 1.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.2 -1.0 1.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.4 1.9 2.7 -1.6 -0.8 0.1 1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Triglycerides 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.3 0.0 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.7
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 5.8 11.9 -0.5 -2.2 2.0 3.5 -3.2 -2.3 -2.2
Blood Red Count 1.9 18.8 32.6 1.7 4.3 -1.8 -5.7 5.4 4.9 4.6
Blood White Count 0.5 3.9 6.4 -1.9 -1.7 0.2 2.5 -2.5 -2.1 -2.0
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 4.8 -0.2 2.2 -1.0 -1.2 1.2 0.9 0.8
BMI 0.1 0.6 1.6 -1.3 -0.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.8
Height 0.1 1.8 2.6 1.2 1.4 -0.9 -1.3 1.6 1.3 1.6
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.6 2.3 0.7 -1.2 -1.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.4 0.9 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.7
Smoking Status 0.1 0.3 1.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.1
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.1 -0.8 0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.6 1.9 -0.0 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.8 4.6 -2.1 -0.4 -2.0 0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.3 2.0 -1.3 -1.4 0.6 1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.4 0.7 2.4 1.5 0.1 1.6 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.6 2.7 -0.6 -1.6 0.9 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Lung FVC 0.3 1.7 3.6 1.5 0.1 -0.1 -1.1 1.9 1.4 1.6
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 1.7 0.8 0.3 -1.3 -0.7 0.5 1.3 1.2
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.7 3.2 1.0 0.9 -1.8 -1.7 1.3 1.1 1.1
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.4 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.5 0.6
Tanning 0.1 0.7 1.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.1 0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8
Hand grip strength (left) 0.4 1.1 3.2 -1.8 -1.2 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.4 -1.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.6 0.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 0.7 -1.2 -0.4 -0.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.5 2.6 10.4 -1.4 0.2 -3.2 -1.4 0.8 1.3 1.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 3.8 -0.3 -1.1 -2.0 -1.2 1.1 0.6 0.5
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.7 2.7 5.0 -0.5 -1.3 1.1 2.0 -2.2 -1.8 -1.8
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 0.9 2.7 0.6 -1.6 1.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.6 -0.0 -0.3 -1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.0 -0.2 1.2 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.7 2.3 -0.7 -0.0 1.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Angina 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.1 1.0 0.8 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.7 2.0 0.4 -1.4 0.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.0 2.7 4.8 1.6 2.2 1.4 -1.1 1.6 1.7 1.8
Supplements: Zinc 2.6 2.8 5.4 0.1 1.4 -2.3 -2.0 1.6 1.7 1.8
Medication: Co-codamol 1.3 1.5 2.0 -1.4 -1.4 0.7 1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2
Medication: Metformin 0.4 0.6 2.4 1.6 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.7
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.7
Diabetes (mother) 1.1 1.4 3.4 1.9 -0.1 1.2 -1.2 0.9 1.2 1.1
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 0.1 0.5 1.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.0 -0.0 1.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8
Trunk fat percentage 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3
Hand grip strength (right) 0.2 0.6 2.1 -1.5 -0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.4 -0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.9 -0.7 1.7 0.2 -0.9 1.1 0.6 0.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.6 1.0 -0.7 -1.0 0.6 0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.0 0.3 0.1
Fed-up feelings 0.5 1.0 3.4 0.1 -1.8 -1.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.1 4.7 0.1 0.5 -2.2 -1.3 1.1 0.3 0.3
Relative age voice broke 1.0 1.5 5.7 1.4 -2.4 0.8 1.0 -0.7 0.5 0.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.2 0.4 1.7 -1.3 0.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.6 1.3 2.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.1 0.7 -1.1 -1.6 -1.6
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.8 0.9 2.0 0.9 -0.8 -1.4 -0.7 0.7 1.0 0.9
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.7 3.6 6.5 -2.5 -0.8 -1.2 1.5 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.1 1.3 3.4 0.4 -0.0 -0.6 -1.7 1.8 1.1 1.0
High blood pressure 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.6 -0.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -1.0 1.1 0.2 0.2
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.2 2.8 7.5 -1.1 -2.7 -1.2 1.3 -1.6 -1.7 -1.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.9 1.2 1.8 0.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.3 2.8 3.7 1.7 1.7 0.1 -1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9
Medication: Atenolol 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0 0.8 0.5 0.5
Sitting height 0.1 0.7 1.6 -0.6 0.8 -0.8 -1.3 1.1 0.4 0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.5 -1.2 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.5 1.8 -1.4 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.1 0.7 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.0 0.1 1.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7
Waist circumference 0.2 0.6 1.4 -0.6 0.3 -1.2 -1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.7 1.2 2.7 -1.7 0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.5 -1.5
Past tobacco smoking 1.3 2.4 6.3 1.1 2.5 -0.2 -1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8
Nervous feelings 1.5 2.9 8.4 0.1 1.2 -2.9 -1.6 1.2 1.9 1.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.9 2.6 1.1 1.2 -1.2 -1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -1.3 -0.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.8 -1.1 0.8 0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1
Had menopause 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6
Had other major operations 1.5 1.8 3.5 0.9 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 1.7 1.9 1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.4 3.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -1.2 1.8 1.3 1.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.6 2.9 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.7 -1.7
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.8 1.9 0.8 -1.2 0.3 1.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.5 1.0 5.1 0.3 1.4 2.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.4 1.9 3.3 0.7 0.9 0.8 -1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.0 1.5 9.2 -0.4 3.0 0.2 -0.4 0.7 0.2 0.3
Heart attack 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2
Allergy 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.4 0.1 0.2 1.1 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.4 0.5 1.4 1.2 -0.6 1.1 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.0 0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -1.3 1.3 0.9 0.8
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.7 1.0 1.9 -0.1 -0.1 1.4 1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.9 1.8 2.9 1.6 1.1 1.1 -1.0 1.2 1.6 1.7
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 1.0 2.1 1.5 -0.5 0.8 -0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1
Neuroticism score 0.7 1.5 8.6 -0.1 0.0 -2.9 -0.6 0.2 1.1 0.9
Weight 0.1 0.7 1.5 -1.2 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.7 0.4 0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.3 1.6 0.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.4 1.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 1.8 -0.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.2 0.5
Hip circumference 0.1 0.4 2.0 -1.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 0.2
Time employed in main current job 1.0 1.2 2.3 0.1 -0.9 1.4 1.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5
Father’s age at death 1.7 2.3 3.3 1.6 1.8 -0.4 -1.8 1.8 1.4 1.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.7 1.2 5.9 0.2 0.5 -2.4 -0.7 0.4 1.1 0.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.7 2.2 -0.7 -0.4 -1.5 -0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7
Falls in the last year 2.1 2.8 9.6 -1.5 -0.1 -3.1 -1.8 1.4 1.2 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.6 -1.3 0.9 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.4 0.4 1.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.5 3.5 -0.0 -0.3 -1.0 -1.5 1.9 1.3 1.4
Pulse rate 0.6 1.0 2.2 -1.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.3
Happiness 1.6 1.9 7.7 2.8 -0.0 0.9 -0.0 0.8 1.3 1.6
Noisy workplace 4.3 5.3 7.0 -2.4 -2.5 -0.8 2.3 -2.4 -2.5 -2.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 0.8 2.3 1.5 0.5 1.4 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 3.6 1.9 -0.0 1.3 -1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.3 0.5 2.7 0.4 -1.6 0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5
Asthma 0.3 0.5 1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.0 -1.1 0.2 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.6 0.6 2.9 -0.9 0.0 -1.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5
Prospective memory result 1.3 1.6 3.3 -1.5 -1.2 -1.8 0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -1.1 0.0 -1.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5
Illnesses of mother 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.8 1.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 1.7 -0.9 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9 1.2 0.5 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.8 0.2 -0.0 -1.2 1.4 0.9 0.9
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.2
Arm fat mass (right) 0.2 0.7 1.5 -1.2 0.6 -0.9 -0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.5 1.7 -0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.5 0.2 0.5
Standing height 0.0 0.4 1.0 -0.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.0 0.9 0.4 0.7
Length of working week for main job 1.0 1.1 2.2 1.5 0.8 0.3 -1.3 1.3 0.9 0.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.1 -0.9 0.3 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.8 1.0 1.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.2 1.9 5.3 0.3 1.3 -2.3 -1.1 1.0 1.5 1.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.4 -1.2 -0.4 0.3 0.8 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5
Birth weight of first child 0.5 1.0 6.0 0.5 -0.4 2.5 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.9 2.1 5.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -1.9 2.3 1.6 1.8
Pulse wave reflection index 1.5 1.8 3.5 0.9 0.6 -0.8 -1.5 1.9 1.6 1.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.7 0.9 3.0 1.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 2.4 2.6 5.7 -1.1 -0.6 1.0 1.6 -1.5 -2.3 -2.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.1 1.5 7.3 0.5 -2.7 -0.1 1.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.4 0.6 1.6 -1.2 1.3 -0.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 1.1 0.6 0.7
Headache pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.4 0.4
Gout (self-reported) 3.1 4.3 7.2 -2.7 -1.9 -0.1 2.2 -1.9 -2.3 -2.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.8 3.3 -0.9 0.2 -1.8 -0.8 0.6 0.2 0.2
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 3.4 -0.8 -1.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.6 0.7 1.6 -1.1 -1.3 -0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6
Birth weight 0.4 0.8 2.5 0.8 0.1 1.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.7 1.0 1.7 -1.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 1.1 0.5 0.7
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.3 1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.3 1.3 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.6 1.9 -0.7 1.4 -0.3 -0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -1.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.0 2.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 1.3 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.1 3.5 6.8 1.2 0.1 -2.6 -1.9 1.6 2.3 2.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.8 2.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.4 -1.4
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.5 1.0 -1.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7
Age at first live birth 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.8 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.8 -0.0 0.1 1.2 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9
Health satisfaction 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.2 -0.8 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.6 0.7 3.0 1.0 -0.5 1.7 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.1 -1.1 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.5 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.9 1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1 1.1 -0.1 0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.9 -0.6 -1.0 -1.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5
Angina (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.0 1.2 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.0
Migraine (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.1 1.0 0.7 -0.6 0.9 1.1 1.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 3.8 0.5 -2.0 -0.9 -0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 2.0 2.6 3.7 -1.6 -1.9 1.3 1.4 -1.1 -1.9 -1.9
Medication: Omeprazole 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.2 0.6 0.3 -0.5 0.6 1.2 1.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -1.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.0 1.8 3.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.5 1.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.7
Heart disease (mother) 1.4 1.7 3.0 -0.9 -1.5 0.4 1.3 -1.7 -1.3 -1.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.9 2.3 4.6 0.3 -1.5 1.2 2.1 -2.1 -1.4 -1.2
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.5 1.1 -1.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.3 1.4 -1.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 1.9 -0.7 1.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.8 0.4 0.7
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.4 1.5 0.7 -1.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.0
Number of full sisters 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.7 1.0 4.6 -0.5 0.3 -2.1 -0.6 0.4 1.1 0.8
Overall health rating 0.2 0.5 2.7 -0.8 -0.0 -1.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 0.7 1.1 0.9
Had major operations 0.6 0.7 3.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.9 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0
Age at last live birth 1.3 1.8 4.3 -1.1 -0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.3 -2.1 -1.9
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.7 6.5 2.5 -1.3 1.2 0.5 0.2 0.9 1.0
Leg pain on walking 0.7 0.8 1.7 -0.1 0.9 0.5 -1.0 1.3 0.9 1.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.6 0.8 -1.2 -0.9 0.6 0.6 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 3.6 4.3 8.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 2.9 -2.9 -2.4 -2.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.4 -1.3 1.1 0.7 0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 1.6 -0.5 0.5 -1.0 -1.2 1.2 0.6 0.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.4 1.3 -0.7 0.3 -1.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.2 1.4 6.7 -1.2 -0.9 -2.6 -0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.9 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1
Smoking status: Previous 1.2 1.8 7.4 -0.6 -2.7 0.1 1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.7 1.5 2.4 0.4 1.2 -1.1 -1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.6 2.2 -0.5 1.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.7 2.6 -0.1 1.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9
Average weekly red wine intake 1.5 2.1 3.0 -0.8 1.7 -1.4 -1.6 1.7 1.4 1.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.7 3.0 -1.0 -0.4 -1.7 0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2
Mood swings 0.7 1.2 4.1 -1.2 -1.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7
Loneliness, isolation 1.4 2.0 3.2 1.4 1.8 -0.6 -1.4 1.6 1.4 1.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.1 1.7 3.3 -0.4 -1.8 1.5 1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.9 3.4 5.2 0.6 2.3 -0.8 -1.9 2.1 2.2 2.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.3 0.9 1.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.4 -1.3 1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6
Friendships satisfaction 0.9 1.1 3.7 1.9 -0.4 0.8 0.4 0.2 1.0 1.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 0.9 2.1 0.1 -1.2 0.3 1.2 -1.4 -0.7 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.2 1.3 2.6 0.5 0.8 -0.9 -1.1 1.0 1.6 1.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.0 1.5 6.7 -1.1 -2.6 -0.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8
Medication for cholesterol 0.8 1.3 2.2 0.3 1.5 -0.2 -1.0 1.3 1.4 1.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.1 -0.9 0.7 1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.7 0.4 0.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.8 1.1 2.9 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.9 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.9 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.2 1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 2.7 1.6 -1.2 0.8 1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.0
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.6 0.7 2.0 1.4 -0.9 1.3 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6
Smoking status: Current 0.7 1.1 3.3 -0.7 1.8 0.2 -1.1 1.3 0.7 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.2 1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.6 2.1 -0.4 1.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 0.3 0.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 2.5 -0.0 1.6 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8
Arm fat mass (left) 0.2 0.7 1.1 -1.0 0.8 -0.8 -1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.7 2.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.7 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.9 0.5 0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Miserableness 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.7 2.8 -0.5 -0.0 -1.7 0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.0 1.2 4.5 2.1 0.9 1.3 -0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 5.6 6.3 9.5 2.1 3.1 1.2 -2.8 2.8 2.5 2.5
Hearing aid user 1.2 1.3 3.0 0.7 -1.7 1.4 1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.0 0.1 1.2 -0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.4 1.8 6.0 2.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 1.0 1.5 1.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.3 1.5 3.5 0.6 -0.8 0.7 1.9 -1.8 -1.1 -1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.3 -0.8 0.7 0.3 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -0.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.8 1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.1 1.4 2.6 0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 1.2 1.6 1.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.7 1.1 -1.0 0.5 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.8 1.1 5.1 -1.2 -0.5 -2.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.2 1.2 -0.1 -1.1 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1
Medication: Lisinopril 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.9 3.0 0.5 0.4 1.7 0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 2.7 -1.1 0.6 -1.4 -1.6 1.0 0.2 0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.3 1.2 0.2 -0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
Ever smoked 1.7 3.0 4.0 -1.6 -1.7 0.2 2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -2.0
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.6 1.9 -0.6 1.4 -0.4 -0.9 0.6 0.3 0.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.4 1.8 -1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.6 -0.9 1.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 2.6 -0.1 -0.2 -1.6 -0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.3 1.8 3.8 0.7 -0.7 1.9 1.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2
Irritability 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1
Risk taking 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.9 1.0 1.9 -0.3 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.7 0.9 1.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.4 -1.0 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.1 1.3 2.8 1.3 0.1 0.2 -1.1 1.2 1.5 1.7
Myopia 2.2 3.2 7.2 -0.2 2.7 -1.6 -2.5 1.9 1.5 1.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.1 1.6 2.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.4 1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.3 -0.6 0.7 1.3 1.3
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 0.8 0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.3 2.7 5.0 -0.1 1.9 -0.6 -2.2 2.2 1.7 1.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.9 1.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0
Heart disease (siblings) 0.6 0.7 2.1 -1.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.5
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 -0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1
Pack years of smoking 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4
Impedance of whole body 0.0 0.2 1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.5
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 1.8 -1.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.8 -1.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1