Hub : Genes

DLG1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere 0.3700 0.1070 9.8e-04 0.026 NA 0.013 NA 0.028 7.3e-02 NA 1.5e-01 NA 6.3e-02
2 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.4210 0.0820 1.3e-07 0.273 NA 0.386 NA 0.406 1.0e-08 NA 1.9e-12 NA 3.8e-13
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1200 0.0490 3.4e-03 -0.003 NA -0.001 NA -0.003 6.6e-01 NA 4.1e-01 NA 6.0e-01
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.0862 0.0318 1.1e-04 0.007 NA 0.021 NA 0.008 6.7e-02 NA 3.7e-03 NA 4.9e-02
5 GTEx Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic 0.1200 0.0450 7.2e-04 0.030 NA 0.010 NA 0.018 9.2e-03 NA 8.6e-02 NA 3.3e-02
6 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1590 0.0390 5.4e-09 0.080 NA 0.106 NA 0.102 3.6e-07 NA 4.4e-09 NA 9.2e-09
7 GTEx Testis 0.2010 0.0540 6.4e-07 0.153 NA 0.127 NA 0.143 2.7e-07 NA 3.1e-06 NA 7.0e-07
8 GTEx Thyroid 0.3230 0.0510 0.0e+00 0.394 NA 0.400 NA 0.397 6.1e-32 NA 1.4e-32 NA 2.6e-32
9 METSIM Adipose 0.0532 0.0183 4.1e-04 0.038 0.028 0.043 0.035 0.040 2.2e-06 4.3e-05 4.9e-07 5.5e-06 9.4e-07
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0730 0.0350 2.0e-05 0.050 0.052 0.049 NA 0.051 1.3e-05 8.4e-06 1.3e-05 NA 1.0e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.8
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.9 2.3 4.0 -0.8 0.9 -0.9 1.6 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.8 -1.6 1.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.4 2.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 0.6 1.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.1 3.3 7.6 -2.8 -1.9 -0.7 -1.6 -1.6 -0.4 -1.9 -2.1 -1.6 -2.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 1.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.6 3.3 5.9 -1.9 0.3 -0.8 2.4 1.8 1.9 2.2 1.9 -2.3 1.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.7 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 2.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.0 1.1 1.2 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.7 1.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.4 0.5 3.2 -0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.8 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.4 1.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.9 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.1 -0.9 0.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.8 4.0 1.0 0.5 2.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.6 1.8 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 1.1 1.3 3.6 -0.1 -1.9 -1.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 1.7 -0.5
Reaction Time 1.1 2.1 5.9 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.2 0.6 1.9
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.0 2.5 6.0 -2.4 -2.2 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.0 -1.6 -1.6 -0.5 -1.9
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.3 1.1 -0.9 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.4 -1.3 -0.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.0 4.4 0.2 1.1 1.2 -0.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -2.1 -0.6
Prostate Cancer 0.5 0.7 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.0 1.2
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 2.6 0.1 -0.6 1.2 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.6 -0.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.4 3.2 6.9 -0.6 0.8 -2.6 2.0 2.4 0.7 2.5 2.2 -1.3 1.3
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.3 0.4 1.7 1.3 0.2 0.7 0.4 -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 4.4 5.1 8.2 -0.6 -2.6 -2.6 -2.9 -2.1 -2.6 -2.4 -2.3 1.6 -2.1
Fasting Glucose 0.5 0.6 3.3 0.6 0.0 -1.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 0.7 -0.8
HbA1C 2.0 2.2 3.9 -0.6 -2.0 -2.0 -1.6 -1.3 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3 1.6 -1.1
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.9 0.9 -0.0 1.1
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.8 -0.0 -0.7 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.0
Lupus 0.4 0.6 2.6 1.6 1.6 -0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.0
Neuroticism (2016) 0.9 1.3 4.7 0.5 -1.5 -1.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.4 -0.8 -0.5 2.2 -0.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.5 0.7 2.4 -1.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.9
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.6 0.8 3.8 1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.9 1.9 1.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.4 3.2 5.4 -1.5 0.5 -0.3 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.2 1.9 -2.1 1.8
Triglycerides 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.4 -0.4 -1.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.2 2.6 4.9 -2.1 -2.2 -0.9 -1.3 -1.4 0.1 -2.0 -1.9 1.3 -1.5
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.3 6.0 -2.5 -2.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.3
Blood Platelet Count 0.1 1.5 3.4 -1.9 -0.4 -1.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3
Blood Red Count 0.3 2.6 7.0 -0.3 2.0 0.7 2.6 0.9 1.9 1.4 1.1 -2.5 0.8
Blood White Count 0.4 2.8 5.6 -2.2 0.1 0.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.4 -2.4 1.7
Heel T-Score 1.6 12.7 26.2 -3.6 0.6 3.9 4.4 2.9 5.1 2.5 2.1 -5.1 2.8
BMI 0.5 2.8 19.7 -1.7 1.2 -1.7 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -4.4 -1.1
Height 0.2 3.4 15.1 3.9 1.3 -3.0 -0.7 -0.4 -2.6 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.6 7.0 38.8 6.2 4.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -2.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 -1.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.8 4.1 8.8 1.2 0.0 -2.3 -1.7 -2.8 -2.4 -2.2 -2.0 3.0 -0.8
Smoking Status 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.0 -0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.5 1.2 4.4 -1.9 -2.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.7 1.5 -0.1 0.2 1.1 0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.4 4.4 1.3 0.1 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4 -2.1 -1.3 -1.2 0.9 -0.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.9 4.4 13.0 -0.1 -1.3 -0.1 -3.6 -2.5 -1.6 -2.5 -2.5 1.3 -2.6
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.4 4.1 -1.4 -0.2 2.0 1.2 0.7 1.3 0.7 0.6 -1.5 1.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.4 0.8 3.2 1.1 1.7 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 -1.8 -0.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 1.9 6.6 2.6 1.0 1.2 -1.5 -1.8 -1.3 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -0.7
Lung FVC 4.6 23.4 44.3 0.4 -3.5 -6.0 -6.6 -3.2 -6.0 -4.0 -3.4 6.7 -4.8
Neuroticism 0.6 1.5 3.8 0.8 0.6 -0.5 1.6 1.3 0.5 1.5 1.7 0.7 1.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.5 1.1 3.9 -1.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 0.5 2.0 0.2 0.2 -1.0 0.8
Hair Pigment 0.1 3.0 5.1 -1.6 -0.1 0.6 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 -1.2 2.3
Tanning 0.5 6.5 16.0 -0.6 -2.6 0.1 -4.0 -2.7 -2.6 -3.0 -2.7 2.5 -2.3
Hand grip strength (left) 2.6 7.0 16.4 -0.0 -2.4 -2.1 -4.1 -2.3 -2.7 -2.9 -2.7 1.8 -3.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.2 2.2 9.3 3.0 2.3 -0.9 0.1 0.2 -1.4 1.2 1.0 0.6 1.2
Average weekly spirits intake 1.1 1.4 7.0 2.6 1.4 2.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.9 1.6 4.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.6 1.1 1.4 0.3 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.0 3.3 1.8 0.8 -1.4 0.4 -0.2 -1.8 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.8 -0.9 -1.3 0.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.3 -0.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.7 2.0 -0.0 -0.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.8 0.9 -0.5 0.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.3 2.0 0.8 -0.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 0.9 -0.8
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.9 1.2 4.0 2.0 1.3 -0.6 0.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.6 0.7 3.6 1.9 0.6 1.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.4 6.8 0.6 -0.6 -2.6 -1.3 -1.9 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 1.6 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.7 1.8 5.2 -0.6 -0.2 2.0 0.1 -0.8 2.3 -0.7 -0.9 -2.2 -1.4
Angina 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 1.1 1.3 0.7 1.0 1.6 0.7
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.4 0.4 1.9 1.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.5
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.4 1.9 4.3 -2.1 -1.0 0.5 -1.6 -1.3 -0.4 -1.7 -1.7 -0.9 -1.6
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.7 4.8 0.8 -0.7 0.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 2.2 0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.2
Medication: Metformin 0.7 0.9 3.2 1.4 1.8 -1.1 0.6 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.8 0.2
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.3
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 3.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -1.6 -1.3 -1.9
Severe depression (siblings) 1.0 1.1 2.5 -1.6 -1.2 0.7 0.1 -0.7 0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.8 1.2 5.2 1.1 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.9 -0.0 1.0 1.3 2.3 1.2
Impedance of leg (right) 0.6 2.8 5.8 0.3 0.3 1.3 2.3 2.0 2.4 1.9 1.9 0.1 1.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.4 6.6 1.5 1.5 -2.5 -2.0 -0.8 -2.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1
Trunk fat percentage 1.7 6.8 35.2 -0.5 3.1 1.4 2.9 1.1 2.0 2.2 1.3 -5.9 1.2
Hand grip strength (right) 4.4 12.0 22.2 0.8 -1.8 -4.2 -4.7 -3.1 -4.2 -3.5 -3.4 2.4 -4.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.0 1.3 4.3 2.1 1.3 -1.4 0.1 0.5 -1.3 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.5
Current tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 2.6 1.0 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.4 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8 1.2 -1.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.6 1.9 5.8 0.6 -0.2 0.2 -2.3 -1.2 -2.4 -1.2 -1.1 1.5 -1.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.3 0.5 1.6 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 1.3 -0.0
Fed-up feelings 0.5 0.9 2.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.4 0.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.4 1.9 7.8 1.9 0.5 -1.6 -1.0 -1.2 -2.8 -0.7 -0.8 0.2 -0.8
Relative age voice broke 0.8 1.2 2.1 0.9 1.4 0.2 1.5 1.1 -0.0 1.4 1.3 -1.3 0.7
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.8 2.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -1.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 0.9 -1.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.4 3.1 10.7 -2.5 0.0 0.6 2.5 0.9 2.1 1.0 0.7 -3.3 1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.8 0.8 6.4 0.3 -1.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 2.5 0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.0 3.3 1.0 -0.6 -1.8 1.1 0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.5 1.8 3.6 -1.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.0 -1.6 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -0.1 -1.2
High blood pressure 0.3 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 0.2 -0.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.3 0.6
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 1.2 0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.3 0.4 2.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.9 -0.0 -0.9 -0.5 -0.2 1.5 0.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.2 -0.0 0.5 -0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -1.5 -0.6
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.9 -0.7 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.9 -0.3 1.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.6 2.7 8.9 0.6 -0.5 1.0 -3.0 -1.9 -0.9 -2.0 -1.8 1.4 -1.6
Sitting height 0.1 0.9 4.0 0.4 -0.4 -1.5 -1.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.0 2.0 0.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.9 0.0
High blood pressure (mother) 1.1 1.5 3.7 -1.4 -1.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.3 -1.4 -1.3 0.8 -1.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.5 2.2 14.7 -0.2 1.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 -3.8 -1.1
Impedance of leg (left) 0.7 3.6 8.3 0.3 0.9 1.9 2.9 2.0 2.8 2.0 2.0 -0.7 1.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.2 6.1 1.4 1.5 -2.4 -1.9 -0.7 -2.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1
Trunk fat mass 1.0 4.4 24.8 0.1 3.0 0.1 1.9 0.8 0.9 1.8 1.0 -5.0 0.7
Waist circumference 0.8 3.1 11.0 1.7 3.2 -1.7 0.4 -0.6 -1.4 0.5 -0.3 -3.3 -0.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 4.7 7.8 13.0 1.1 2.2 2.4 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.2 -0.6 3.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.4 0.8 1.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.6 -1.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 -0.2 -1.2 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.8 0.5
Nervous feelings 1.5 2.8 7.9 1.2 1.4 -0.3 2.8 1.7 1.1 2.1 2.0 -0.5 2.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 3.8 2.0 1.5 -0.3 1.3 0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.6 -0.3 0.5
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.7 1.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.5 0.5 -1.1 0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.7 2.2 4.2 -0.1 0.9 0.5 1.6 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.0 0.1 1.9
Had menopause 2.0 2.5 7.6 2.8 1.8 -0.7 1.5 1.2 0.3 1.7 1.8 0.5 1.8
Had other major operations 0.4 0.4 1.8 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -1.3 -0.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 3.4 13.1 34.9 -0.1 -2.9 -5.9 -4.7 -1.5 -3.8 -2.4 -1.8 5.6 -2.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.3 2.9 10.6 -2.6 -0.2 0.5 2.2 0.6 2.2 0.7 0.4 -3.3 0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.3 -0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 1.2 -0.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.3 3.0 1.0 0.8 1.7 0.3 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.6 1.6
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 2.3 3.1 13.1 1.6 -0.6 -3.6 -1.3 -0.5 -2.2 -0.7 -0.4 2.5 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.6 1.0 2.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 1.4 -0.6 0.9 1.0 1.5 0.9
Heart attack 0.8 1.0 3.8 2.0 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8
Allergy 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.0 -0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -1.2
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.1 -0.2 0.9 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.7 1.1 6.6 0.8 1.5 0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -2.6 -0.9
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.1 -1.3 -1.3 1.2 -0.2 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.0
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 -1.0 0.6
Medication: Simvastatin 0.5 0.7 2.3 1.5 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0
Fluid intelligence score 1.2 2.6 8.5 -2.9 -2.0 -1.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.0 -1.9
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -1.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 -0.8
Neuroticism score 0.8 1.6 3.4 1.0 1.0 -1.7 1.8 1.1 -0.1 1.4 1.5 0.8 1.3
Weight 0.4 1.9 5.4 1.0 2.1 -2.1 -0.7 -0.5 -1.6 0.2 -0.4 -2.3 -0.9
Impedance of arm (right) 1.7 7.7 18.5 -1.5 0.4 3.3 3.6 2.4 4.3 2.5 2.5 -2.4 3.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.2 4.8 30.6 -1.2 2.2 0.4 2.1 0.7 1.6 1.5 0.7 -5.5 0.4
Trunk fat-free mass 1.2 7.1 18.1 2.1 0.4 -4.3 -3.6 -1.7 -4.2 -1.5 -1.6 2.2 -2.4
Hip circumference 0.4 1.7 11.7 -0.7 1.4 -1.1 0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -3.4 -0.1
Time employed in main current job 2.1 2.4 4.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.2 -2.2 1.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.0 1.5 6.3 -0.6 1.6 1.0 0.6 0.6 1.5 1.1 0.8 -2.5 0.6
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.4 2.6 4.9 0.2 0.1 -0.5 2.0 2.2 1.3 1.9 2.1 1.6 2.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 6.4 0.0 0.2 -2.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Falls in the last year 0.8 1.1 4.0 0.5 1.1 -1.1 2.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 -0.7 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.1 3.2 7.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.5 -1.6 -2.0 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -0.4 -2.7
Number of live births 1.0 1.4 3.3 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.6 -1.5 -1.4 0.1 -1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 2.6 8.7 22.8 0.5 -1.8 -4.8 -4.2 -1.2 -3.4 -1.8 -1.4 4.4 -2.4
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.9
Happiness 0.6 0.8 3.1 -0.5 -0.4 -1.8 0.8 1.1 -0.1 0.9 0.8 -0.9 -0.0
Noisy workplace 0.6 0.7 2.9 1.0 1.0 1.7 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.6 1.3 8.9 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -3.0 -1.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.1 2.6 -0.9 -0.0 -0.6 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.1 -0.5 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.4 3.3 1.8 0.3 1.8 -1.0 -1.6 -0.3 -1.2 -1.1 0.6 -0.8
Asthma 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.0 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.1 6.9 2.6 1.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 -1.0 0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 -1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5
Depression (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.5 1.7 4.9 1.5 0.2 -0.8 -2.0 -0.9 -2.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.8 -1.2
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.6 2.9 1.7 1.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2
Lung cancer (father) 0.9 1.1 2.8 -1.2 -1.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 1.2 -1.2
Illnesses of mother 1.4 1.7 5.2 2.3 2.1 1.8 0.5 0.1 -0.7 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.8 9.1 24.6 -0.1 -2.2 -5.0 -4.2 -1.3 -3.5 -1.9 -1.6 4.2 -2.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.0
Impedance of arm (left) 2.1 9.6 18.4 -1.1 0.8 4.3 4.0 2.6 4.2 2.8 2.7 -2.7 3.6
Arm fat mass (right) 0.6 2.3 17.7 -0.5 1.8 -0.9 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 -4.2 -0.8
Trunk predicted mass 1.3 7.3 18.1 2.1 0.4 -4.3 -3.7 -1.8 -4.2 -1.5 -1.6 2.2 -2.4
Standing height 0.3 3.0 8.8 2.5 0.6 -2.3 -2.1 -0.3 -2.2 0.0 0.1 3.0 0.0
Length of working week for main job 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.8 1.0 -0.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.0 1.2 2.4 1.2 1.5 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.0 1.2 1.1 -0.8 1.3
Breastfed as a baby 1.6 2.0 4.9 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -1.6 -2.2 -2.2 -1.6 -1.8 -0.4 -1.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 0.9 2.0 -0.0 0.3 -1.4 1.2 0.9 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 0.9 2.9 -0.2 0.6 -1.0 1.7 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.8 -1.1 0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.5 1.3 4.9 0.6 0.1 -2.2 -1.2 -0.5 -1.7 -0.3 -0.3 1.6 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 0.9 1.6 4.9 0.2 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6 -0.7 -2.2 -0.9 -0.8 1.7 -1.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 3.8 8.8 21.1 -0.1 -2.1 -4.6 -4.5 -1.4 -2.9 -2.1 -1.8 3.7 -3.3
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.4 -0.3 0.9 -1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -1.1 -1.1 0.4 -0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 3.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.1 -1.8 -0.2
Loud music exposure frequency 3.4 3.7 9.6 -0.2 0.2 -1.4 1.4 3.1 1.4 2.5 2.7 1.5 2.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.6 4.7 -1.1 -1.5 -1.4 -0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -0.4 -2.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.9 1.2 5.6 0.9 1.5 -0.6 0.8 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -2.4 -0.6
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.4 0.5 4.0 0.5 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.9 3.1 6.0 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.5 2.4 0.4 2.2 2.5 1.6 2.0
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.8 4.5 0.8 -0.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.3 0.6 2.1 0.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.0 1.0 -0.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.2 0.6 0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.9 0.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 2.6 5.1 13.2 1.0 -0.3 0.1 -3.6 -3.0 -1.9 -2.8 -2.8 0.9 -2.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.5 0.7 2.6 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.1
Birth weight 0.6 1.3 3.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -1.8 -1.1 -1.6 -1.6 0.4 -1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.9 2.2 4.2 -1.5 0.2 0.9 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 0.5 1.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 3.8 13.9 37.0 -0.6 -3.1 -6.1 -5.0 -1.6 -3.9 -2.5 -2.1 5.3 -3.2
Body fat percentage 1.8 7.2 35.7 -0.5 3.1 1.0 3.1 1.4 2.1 2.4 1.5 -6.0 1.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.4 5.0 24.2 -0.3 2.8 0.2 2.5 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.4 -4.9 0.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.0 5.3 14.8 2.6 1.4 -3.4 -2.8 -1.6 -3.9 -1.1 -1.3 0.9 -2.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 1.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.4 8.5 0.7 1.8 -0.4 0.5 -1.4 -2.7 -0.1 -0.8 -2.9 -1.2
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.7 0.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.6 2.3 -1.0 0.1 -1.5 0.8 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.4
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.5 2.8 6.4 -0.7 0.5 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.0 1.9 -0.9 1.7
Number of children fathered 2.2 2.4 5.5 -0.1 -0.7 1.7 -1.7 -2.3 -1.4 -1.9 -1.8 1.5 -1.3
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.9 2.2 6.6 2.0 2.6 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.5 1.3 -1.7 1.5
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.8 1.5 -0.6 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.0 -1.2 0.9
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.1
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.7 1.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.7 2.0 5.5 2.3 2.3 -1.0 -0.7 -1.2 -1.9 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 1.8 11.6 -0.2 1.6 -0.8 1.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 -3.4 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -1.4 0.9
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 2.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 1.6 0.6 1.4 0.8 0.8 -0.4 1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.0 1.7 3.4 -1.6 -1.4 -1.8 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.0 2.9 13.3 2.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -2.3 -0.3 0.1 3.7 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.5 1.1 1.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.9 0.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.8
Migraine (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.2 0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.9 1.1 6.4 2.5 0.8 -1.3 -0.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Medication: Allopurinol 1.0 1.4 3.8 -0.9 -0.1 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.3 0.1 1.9
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.2 1.2 0.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.5 2.8 6.8 2.3 2.2 1.3 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.6 1.5 -0.4 2.6
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.7 -0.2 -1.3 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 -1.0 -0.2
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.3 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.0 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.1
Whole body fat mass 0.9 3.7 22.2 0.1 2.9 -0.2 1.5 0.6 0.6 1.5 0.7 -4.7 0.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.9 3.5 18.4 0.3 2.9 -0.7 1.5 1.0 0.6 1.8 1.0 -4.3 0.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.0 5.0 13.8 2.4 1.4 -3.6 -2.6 -1.3 -3.7 -0.9 -1.1 1.1 -1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.3 0.9 3.3 0.9 0.6 -1.8 -0.2 -0.5 -1.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.3 3.0 6.2 -2.3 -2.5 -1.1 -1.9 -0.6 0.1 -1.6 -1.2 1.8 -2.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.5 2.2 0.7 0.1 -1.5 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.3 2.1 4.4 0.4 0.9 -1.5 2.1 1.7 0.8 1.7 1.8 0.2 1.9
Overall health rating 0.2 0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 -1.3 0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.8
Had major operations 0.9 1.0 3.2 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 -0.4 1.8
Age at last live birth 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.0 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.2
Family relationship satisfaction 0.7 0.9 3.3 -1.8 -0.9 -0.8 0.8 1.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.3
Leg pain on walking 1.5 1.9 5.9 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.4 -0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.6 -0.1 1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.6 0.7 4.1 1.0 0.4 2.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.0 0.6 0.0 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.0 1.2 8.5 2.9 1.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -1.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.7 3.7 0.7 1.0 -0.6 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.7 0.7 1.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.1 0.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.1 0.5 -1.2 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.2 0.9
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.1 2.9 6.0 -0.8 -1.4 -2.5 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 -1.6 -1.7 0.8 -2.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.6 2.0 4.9 1.3 2.0 1.1 1.7 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.9 -2.2 1.1
Smoking status: Previous 0.9 1.3 3.4 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.1 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.2 -0.8 1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.5 1.6 0.5 -0.1 -1.3 -0.4 -0.1 -1.0 0.3 0.2 1.2 -0.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.8 12.8 2.0 1.1 -3.6 -3.0 -1.3 -3.6 -1.0 -1.1 1.2 -1.8
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.4 2.3 6.5 1.4 1.6 -2.3 -2.0 -0.9 -2.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.4 5.7 33.6 -1.0 2.5 0.9 2.5 0.9 1.7 1.8 1.0 -5.8 0.8
Average weekly red wine intake 0.7 1.0 3.7 -0.1 -0.7 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.9 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.1 2.7 0.7 0.5 -0.3 1.3 1.1 -0.0 1.6 1.5 -0.4 1.4
Mood swings 1.5 2.8 5.6 0.2 1.0 -0.2 2.4 2.1 1.2 2.3 2.4 0.8 1.9
Loneliness, isolation 0.8 1.1 2.9 1.4 1.1 -1.5 1.0 -0.3 -1.7 0.1 -0.1 -1.0 0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.7 0.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.2 1.4 3.1 -1.8 0.8 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 -1.3 1.6
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.6 1.0 3.4 1.6 1.8 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.6 0.6 0.3 -1.8 -0.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.7 0.7 3.5 -1.9 -0.4 -1.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.4 -0.5
Friendships satisfaction 1.2 1.5 3.2 -1.8 -0.8 -0.4 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.2 -0.1 0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.5 1.6 1.2 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.3 2.2 -1.5 -1.1 -0.5 1.3 -1.3 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.7 1.0 6.1 -2.5 -1.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.1 1.3 2.3 0.2 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.1 1.5
Back pain experienced in last month 2.4 3.5 8.3 1.2 -1.6 -1.7 -2.4 -1.2 -2.4 -1.6 -1.4 2.9 -1.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.3 1.7 4.8 -2.2 -1.3 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.2 0.3 -1.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 0.9 -0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.8 -0.2 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.6
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 3.0 -1.5 -0.6 -1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 0.9 1.1 -0.1 1.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.4 -1.4 -1.4 1.3 0.2 -0.3 1.5 -0.7 -0.4 1.3 -0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.6 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.6
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.3 1.7 1.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.6 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.8 -0.3
Smoking status: Current 0.6 0.9 3.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.4 -1.8 -0.6 -0.8 0.9 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.2 4.6 10.5 0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -3.2 -1.9 -2.7 -2.1 -1.9 2.6 -1.8
Whole body water mass 0.8 4.7 12.5 2.1 1.1 -3.5 -2.9 -1.3 -3.5 -0.9 -1.1 1.2 -1.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.2 6.1 1.4 1.6 -2.3 -1.9 -0.8 -2.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.1
Arm fat mass (left) 0.6 2.4 17.3 -0.3 2.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.7 -0.0 -4.2 -0.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.3 0.5 2.0 1.4 0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 1.5 -0.2
Miserableness 0.3 0.5 1.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.3
Guilty feelings 1.1 1.7 6.8 1.8 1.6 -2.6 0.8 0.2 -1.0 0.5 0.2 -1.4 -0.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 4.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 -1.6 -2.0 -1.3 -1.3 0.8 -0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.5 2.1 1.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.5
Hearing aid user 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.5 -0.2 1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.5 -0.4
Mother’s age at death 1.3 1.6 7.2 2.7 2.3 0.8 0.2 0.4 -0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.7 0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 1.7 2.1 4.2 1.8 0.9 -1.0 1.2 2.0 0.2 1.9 2.0 0.9 1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.6 0.7 2.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.5 0.6 2.5 -0.5 0.1 -1.0 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 -1.6 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.1 1.3 5.8 1.4 1.1 2.4 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.8 -0.4 1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.8 0.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.2 1.5 8.0 1.9 0.7 -0.7 -0.0 0.5 -0.3 0.6 0.9 2.8 1.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.8 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.2 1.0
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.7 1.2 3.8 1.9 1.2 -1.3 -0.1 0.2 -1.3 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.4
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 1.9 3.0 8.3 2.9 2.0 0.9 1.2 1.7 -0.3 1.8 2.0 1.3 1.9
Medication: Lisinopril 0.9 1.2 2.8 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.9 -0.8 1.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.5 0.6 4.3 0.3 -0.0 -2.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.3
Ever smoked 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.0 0.7
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.8 11.0 1.8 1.3 -3.3 -2.5 -1.2 -3.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.3 -1.7
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.7 6.2 31.1 -0.3 3.2 0.5 2.8 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.3 -5.6 0.9
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.1 5.4 14.1 2.2 1.2 -3.8 -2.9 -1.5 -3.6 -1.2 -1.4 0.9 -2.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.6 -0.2 -0.9 1.6 0.3 -0.4 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.0 1.4 4.7 2.2 1.4 1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.0 -0.7
Irritability 0.4 0.8 2.9 -1.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.4
Risk taking 1.1 1.6 5.5 2.3 2.0 -1.0 0.2 0.2 -2.0 0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.0 1.1 7.3 -0.9 -0.1 2.7 -0.5 -1.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 1.9 1.4 1.2 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 -1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 0.4 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.8 8.5 13.4 -0.2 -1.5 -3.6 -3.1 -3.5 -3.7 -3.5 -3.5 1.6 -2.9
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.5 0.6 2.7 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.0 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 0.9 -0.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.1 2.7 4.7 -1.3 -2.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.0 -2.1 -2.0 0.8 -1.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.6 1.9 3.7 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9 -1.5 -1.5 0.4 -1.3
Myopia 2.3 3.3 5.6 -0.9 -0.3 -1.0 -2.1 -2.4 -2.1 -2.1 -2.4 -1.6 -2.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.5 1.6 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.3 -0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.6 0.9 4.0 2.0 1.4 -0.4 1.1 0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.8 -0.1 0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.6 0.8 2.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6 -1.0 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.0 1.7 0.5
Pain experienced in last month 1.5 2.5 11.2 -3.3 -1.3 1.2 -0.0 -0.5 1.4 -0.7 -0.9 -2.5 -1.0
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.0 1.1 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.5 0.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 3.4 1.8 1.5 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 2.0 1.0 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 0.7 0.8 2.7 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9 -0.1 1.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.0 2.3 5.8 -1.3 -1.9 -0.5 -1.8 -0.6 -1.6 -1.3 -0.8 2.4 -1.7
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.1 4.7 0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.9 1.3 2.2 1.3
Impedance of whole body 1.4 6.9 15.0 -0.6 0.7 3.3 3.7 2.4 3.9 2.4 2.4 -1.7 2.9
Leg fat mass (left) 0.9 3.7 20.3 0.3 3.0 -0.6 1.6 0.9 0.6 1.7 0.9 -4.5 0.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.0 5.2 14.8 2.1 1.1 -3.9 -2.9 -1.4 -3.5 -1.0 -1.2 1.2 -2.1