Hub : Genes

DNAL4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.1180 0.0480 4.8e-03 -0.003 NA -0.003 NA -0.001 9.5e-01 NA 9.5e-01 NA 4.4e-01
2 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.1320 0.0530 4.4e-03 0.009 NA 0.008 NA 0.013 1.1e-01 NA 1.2e-01 NA 6.5e-02
3 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Male) 0.3056 0.1413 2.1e-02 0.008 NA 0.062 NA -0.001 2.0e-01 NA 1.5e-02 NA 3.3e-01
4 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.1108 0.0897 1.5e-01 -0.008 NA 0.002 NA -0.010 6.5e-01 NA 2.8e-01 NA 8.5e-01
5 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0339 0.0197 9.4e-05 0.005 0.012 0.009 NA 0.008 2.4e-02 1.6e-03 4.1e-03 NA 7.3e-03
6 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.2140 0.0930 2.4e-03 0.001 0.018 0.021 NA 0.039 2.1e-01 3.6e-03 2.0e-03 NA 3.3e-05
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0388 0.0221 1.9e-03 0.020 0.033 0.020 NA 0.009 2.2e-03 1.1e-04 2.3e-03 NA 3.2e-02
8 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0328 0.0224 6.2e-03 0.007 0.002 -0.002 NA 0.001 5.0e-02 1.6e-01 7.7e-01 NA 2.4e-01
9 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0882 0.0498 1.9e-04 0.017 0.035 0.023 NA 0.014 4.1e-03 6.1e-05 1.2e-03 NA 8.9e-03
10 TCGA Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma 0.0660 0.0410 2.5e-03 0.006 0.025 0.018 NA 0.020 1.2e-01 7.4e-03 2.0e-02 NA 1.6e-02
11 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.4310 0.0950 7.8e-11 0.056 0.109 0.113 NA 0.092 3.8e-06 9.2e-11 4.6e-11 NA 3.1e-09

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.7 2.1 -0.6 -0.6 -1.5 0.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.2 4.1 -1.5 -2.0 -1.4 0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.2 0.9 0.9 -0.6 1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.1 2.4 5.9 -1.9 -1.6 -0.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.1 -2.2 -2.4 -0.0 -2.4 -1.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.8 2.2 -1.1 -1.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 1.2 -0.5 -0.4 1.1 -0.9 1.1
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.9 2.6 6.4 1.9 1.4 0.1 0.0 -2.5 0.2 -1.7 -2.1 -2.5 -0.6 -1.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.9 6.0 -1.2 -0.9 -0.0 0.0 -1.6 1.2 -2.2 -2.5 -0.5 -1.9 -0.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.9 1.9 4.9 -1.4 -2.1 -0.7 0.0 1.7 -0.0 1.0 1.6 1.7 -0.1 2.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 3.5 4.6 13.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.8 0.0 3.6 0.3 3.0 2.9 3.5 1.7 2.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 3.1 -0.2 0.7 0.5 0.0 -0.9 1.4 -1.2 -1.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.1 1.2 4.4 0.8 -1.0 0.7 0.0 1.3 -2.1 1.4 1.6 0.8 0.3 -0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.0 -0.4 1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 2.5 1.0 -1.3 0.4 0.0 1.5 -1.6 1.3 1.5 0.9 0.2 0.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.1 4.2 -0.6 0.9 2.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.7 0.2 0.5 -1.1 0.7 -1.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.6 1.3 4.8 -1.2 0.1 0.8 0.0 -1.0 -2.2 -0.6 -0.5 -1.5 -0.7 -1.8
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.9 1.7 4.6 -1.3 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -1.4 -2.1 -0.9 -1.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.8 -0.7 -1.3 0.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 -1.1 -0.1
Reaction Time 0.5 1.0 2.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 0.4 -1.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 -1.1 -0.4
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.9 2.1 5.6 1.8 1.5 -0.5 0.0 -2.2 1.0 -1.6 -1.6 -2.4 -0.2 -0.8
Breast Cancer 1.0 2.3 7.2 -2.7 -1.3 2.3 0.0 -1.3 0.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1 -1.5 -0.4
Ovarian Cancer 1.0 1.3 3.0 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 0.0 -1.2 -0.8 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.7 1.1
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 1.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.0 1.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.3 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 1.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.6 0.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.5 -1.1 1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.0 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.3 0.0 1.3 1.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.3 1.2 1.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 0.3 -0.9 0.9 -1.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.3 0.4 1.4 -1.2 -1.0 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.0 -1.0 -0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.9 1.1 2.9 -1.4 -0.3 0.1 0.0 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.7 1.2
HbA1C 1.4 1.6 4.2 -0.7 0.3 1.2 0.0 -1.8 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 -1.5 -0.9 -2.1
HDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.1 5.2 1.1 -0.6 -1.6 0.0 -0.4 -2.3 0.5 0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1
LDL Cholesterol 0.9 1.5 3.9 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 0.0 -1.8 -0.6 -1.6 -1.4 -2.0 -1.0 -1.5
Lupus 0.9 1.3 6.3 -0.0 1.2 2.5 0.0 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.6 0.9 2.3 -1.2 -1.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -1.5 -0.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 2.1 3.0 6.4 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 0.0 -2.2 -1.1 -2.3 -2.5 -1.6 -2.4 -1.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 3.6 5.0 12.7 -1.8 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 -3.4 -0.1 -2.9 -3.6 -2.9 -2.5 -1.8
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.2 2.6 5.9 -1.4 -1.9 -0.5 0.0 2.1 -0.0 1.7 2.4 2.2 0.5 2.1
Triglycerides 1.6 2.7 8.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 0.0 -1.6 2.9 -2.8 -2.4 -0.9 -1.3 1.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.7 2.0 5.8 -0.5 -1.2 1.8 0.0 2.0 0.5 1.3 1.2 2.4 0.6 1.8
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.7 1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -1.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.3 8.2 -2.9 -2.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 -2.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 -2.2 -0.3
Blood Platelet Count 1.9 22.0 52.4 -6.2 -4.3 -0.3 0.0 -4.8 -3.6 -5.6 -6.1 -3.1 -7.2 -4.3
Blood Red Count 0.1 1.1 3.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.0 1.2 -1.5 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.7 0.0
Blood White Count 0.4 3.0 21.8 -4.7 -1.6 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -2.0 0.1 -0.3 1.2 -1.6 -0.9
Heel T-Score 4.9 39.2 114.5 -0.1 2.0 1.2 0.0 8.8 0.2 9.3 10.7 5.1 8.9 6.5
BMI 0.6 3.5 10.1 -3.0 -3.2 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 -2.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 -3.1 -1.1
Height 0.7 13.1 53.0 7.3 4.4 -2.8 0.0 -3.8 2.6 -3.3 -4.6 -2.5 -0.6 -2.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 2.4 10.9 25.6 1.7 3.6 -0.3 0.0 4.3 -0.1 5.1 4.4 3.7 4.9 1.7
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.6 3.2 7.8 2.8 0.2 -2.7 0.0 -1.7 -2.3 -0.7 -1.0 -1.9 -0.9 -2.4
Smoking Status 0.7 1.7 4.9 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.0 1.9 -0.7 1.8 1.7 2.2 1.4 0.3
Allergy or Eczema 0.5 1.2 4.3 -1.5 1.2 1.8 0.0 -0.5 2.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.4 0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 0.3 0.9 2.1 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.0 -1.5 0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 0.9 3.1 -1.8 0.5 0.4 0.0 -1.0 1.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.3
Respiratory disease 1.8 4.0 9.5 -1.4 1.0 0.8 0.0 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.5 3.1 1.8 3.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.8 1.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.6 8.2 17.4 -0.8 -2.9 -2.0 0.0 -4.2 -2.3 -3.2 -2.6 -4.2 -3.4 -2.9
Lung FVC 0.2 1.2 6.8 -0.4 0.8 2.6 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -1.9
Neuroticism 0.4 1.0 2.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.4 0.3 -1.7 -0.8
Chronotype (morning person) 0.5 1.3 3.7 -0.9 0.3 -0.5 0.0 -1.3 1.2 -1.9 -1.9 -0.7 -1.2 0.7
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.1 13.0 -2.3 0.4 3.6 0.0 -0.6 1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 0.2 0.0
Tanning 0.1 1.2 6.9 -1.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.5 -2.6 1.0 1.3 -0.1 0.0 -1.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.6 6.5 -0.0 -0.5 -0.7 0.0 2.0 -0.3 1.8 2.6 1.2 1.2 0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.3 0.6 2.1 -1.5 0.5 -0.8 0.0 -0.7 0.2 -1.0 -1.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.5
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 3.6 0.2 0.6 -1.9 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.5 3.3 0.1 0.8 -1.8 0.0 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.1 -1.5 -1.0 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.6 1.2 -0.2 0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 0.0 0.9 -0.4 0.8 1.0 1.3 0.7 -0.2
Relative age of first facial hair 1.1 2.2 6.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.0 -2.3 -0.2 -2.6 -2.5 -1.9 -0.9 -1.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.5 1.9 -1.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.3 1.6 4.6 -1.8 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -1.1 1.1 -2.0 -2.1 0.0 -1.7 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.2 0.1 -1.7 0.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.3 3.6 0.2 -0.6 -1.6 0.0 -1.3 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -0.8 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.1 1.0 -0.2
Angina 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.6 0.6 1.2 0.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 -0.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.9 1.0 5.1 -0.7 0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 2.3 -1.3 -1.8 0.5 -0.6 -0.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.8 1.1 4.0 0.6 2.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 -0.2 1.3 1.2 0.5 1.8 -0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.8 0.9 3.0 -1.7 -1.2 1.2 0.0 -0.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7 1.4
Medication: Metformin 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -1.4 -0.3 -1.5 -1.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5
Diabetes (father) 0.9 1.1 4.0 -1.4 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.4 1.8 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 2.0
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.2 5.0 -1.7 -2.2 0.9 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 0.3 -1.5 -0.0
Severe depression (siblings) 1.0 1.1 3.8 -1.9 -0.9 1.5 0.0 -0.5 1.0 -1.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2 1.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.7 1.1 2.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.1 -1.7 -0.8 -1.1 -1.7
Impedance of leg (right) 0.3 1.7 8.3 1.6 2.9 -0.2 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.4 0.3 -0.8 2.2 -0.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.7 7.8 -0.8 -1.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.2 -0.2 -1.4 -1.7 0.2 -2.8 -0.1
Trunk fat percentage 1.2 4.7 11.6 -2.7 -1.4 -1.2 0.0 -2.8 -1.9 -2.3 -2.5 -1.6 -3.4 -2.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.6 1.7 6.1 0.6 0.6 -0.7 0.0 1.5 -1.2 2.1 2.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 1.9 1.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 1.2 -1.4 -0.1
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.9 -1.1 -0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.8 0.3 0.2 1.3 -0.4 -0.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.4 -0.8 0.5 0.0 0.8 -1.1 0.7 0.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.3
Fed-up feelings 0.6 1.2 3.8 -1.0 -2.0 -1.7 0.0 0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.3 1.7 -1.0 0.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.1 4.2 -0.9 -2.0 -0.4 0.0 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.3 1.6 -1.0 1.1
Relative age voice broke 1.4 2.1 4.8 0.1 1.5 0.7 0.0 -2.0 -1.2 -1.7 -1.8 -2.1 -0.4 -2.2
Taking other prescription medications 0.6 0.9 6.7 -2.6 0.2 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.7 -1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.2 3.0 9.2 2.8 3.0 -1.1 0.0 -1.7 1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -2.1 1.1 -1.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 2.8 6.2 15.4 -0.1 1.5 -0.2 0.0 3.4 1.4 3.6 3.9 2.2 3.9 2.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.3 0.9 0.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 0.5 -1.0 -0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.4 2.9 7.2 0.6 -0.7 2.6 0.0 -1.8 -2.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -2.7
High blood pressure 0.7 2.0 5.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -2.1 -0.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.7 -2.3 -0.9
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.2 2.5 10.1 -1.6 1.1 2.5 0.0 0.5 3.2 0.2 -0.3 1.0 0.9 2.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.9 2.4 6.0 0.1 -2.2 -0.8 0.0 -1.9 0.0 -2.3 -1.9 -1.6 -2.4 -0.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.1 1.3 2.7 -1.1 -0.7 1.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.1 -1.3 -1.5 -0.8 -1.6 -1.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.6 2.1 7.5 0.4 0.0 -1.0 0.0 -1.5 -2.7 -0.7 -0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -2.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 3.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.4 -0.5 -1.1 1.7 -1.3 0.2
Medication: Atenolol 0.4 0.5 3.2 0.1 1.8 -0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.4 1.4 -0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.5 0.9 -0.3 0.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7
Sitting height 0.1 1.0 5.8 2.4 1.7 -1.0 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 1.0 2.3 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.0 1.5 -1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.2 -0.0
High blood pressure (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.0 -0.6 1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.8
Body mass index (BMI) 1.0 4.4 17.9 -4.2 -3.2 -0.5 0.0 -1.3 -2.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 -3.3 -0.8
Impedance of leg (left) 0.4 1.9 9.1 1.9 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.4 -0.8 2.3 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.5 7.2 -0.7 -1.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.1 -0.0 -1.4 -1.6 0.3 -2.7 0.1
Trunk fat mass 1.3 5.5 14.8 -2.5 -1.6 -1.5 0.0 -3.0 -1.7 -2.6 -3.0 -1.7 -3.8 -2.1
Waist circumference 0.6 2.1 7.5 -2.7 -1.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 -1.8 -0.8 -1.1 0.4 -2.4 -1.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.3 0.6 2.3 -1.1 0.4 1.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -1.5
Past tobacco smoking 1.2 2.2 6.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -2.1 0.9 -2.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.5 -0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 1.0 2.9 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -1.3 0.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.2 -1.3 0.3
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 1.8 -0.2 -1.0 1.2 0.0 0.2 1.3 -0.4 -0.7 1.0 -1.0 1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.4 2.2 8.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 2.3 -0.9 2.4 1.9 2.9 0.8 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.5 1.9 6.4 -2.3 -2.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.5 -1.7 -1.4 -0.4 -1.8 0.3
Had menopause 1.6 2.0 6.0 0.2 -1.3 -1.8 0.0 -1.5 -1.4 -1.7 -1.6 -1.0 -2.4 -0.9
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.8 0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.8 -0.8 0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.2 4.5 1.0 0.2 1.7 0.0 -0.8 2.1 -1.0 -1.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 3.3 7.6 18.6 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.0 4.0 1.3 3.9 4.3 2.9 3.7 3.0
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 2.6 3.2 6.3 -2.1 -1.4 1.3 0.0 -2.0 -0.8 -2.5 -2.3 -1.5 -2.5 -1.3
Qualifications: None of the above 0.5 1.0 3.6 -1.8 -1.9 -0.8 0.0 0.7 -1.2 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.5 -0.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 2.3 3.1 9.7 -0.4 -1.9 -1.8 0.0 -2.0 -0.9 -2.0 -2.6 -0.9 -3.1 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.6 0.9 2.9 -0.2 1.3 0.8 0.0 -0.4 1.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 1.2 1.3
Heart attack 1.0 1.3 4.2 0.8 1.5 1.9 0.0 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.4 2.1 0.4
Allergy 1.0 2.3 8.0 2.1 -1.1 -2.3 0.0 -0.5 -2.8 -0.3 0.4 -1.3 -0.5 -2.1
Pain all over the body in last month 1.2 1.3 6.1 -0.1 1.1 2.5 0.0 0.9 1.3 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.5 0.0
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.4 1.6 0.9 0.6 0.0 -0.7 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 5.2 -2.3 0.8 -0.8 0.0 0.5 -0.6 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 2.5 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.2 -1.6 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.2 -1.2
Medication: Simvastatin 0.2 0.3 2.2 0.7 1.5 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.0
Fluid intelligence score 1.1 2.4 8.7 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.0 -2.5 1.0 -1.9 -1.9 -2.9 -0.9 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings 0.1 0.1 0.9 1.0 0.5 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0
Weight 0.8 4.1 13.1 -2.2 -1.8 -1.1 0.0 -2.4 -1.3 -2.3 -2.6 -1.0 -3.6 -1.4
Impedance of arm (right) 0.4 2.1 6.8 2.6 2.5 -1.1 0.0 -1.3 1.3 -0.8 -1.4 -1.1 0.5 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.2 4.5 11.7 -3.3 -2.1 -1.3 0.0 -2.3 -1.6 -2.1 -2.2 -1.1 -3.4 -1.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.6 2.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.7 -1.1 0.7 -1.5 0.3
Hip circumference 1.9 8.0 24.1 -3.4 -3.5 -0.8 0.0 -3.1 -0.6 -3.7 -3.7 -1.2 -4.9 -1.0
Time employed in main current job 1.3 1.5 3.5 1.8 1.9 -0.9 0.0 1.1 -0.6 1.6 1.4 0.7 1.6 -0.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 2.4 3.6 8.6 -0.9 -1.2 2.3 0.0 -2.3 -0.6 -2.5 -2.9 -1.0 -2.7 -1.8
Father’s age at death 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.1 0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.8 1.6 4.4 -0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 -1.9 0.4 -1.6 -2.1 -1.7 -1.2 -1.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.3 3.9 -1.3 -2.0 0.3 0.0 1.2 -1.3 0.6 0.4 1.7 -1.0 0.8
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 2.0 -1.2 -1.4 0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.2 1.3 -1.0 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.8 1.2 4.2 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.0 -1.7 0.1 -1.3 -1.4 -2.1 -0.4 -0.7
Number of live births 0.4 0.5 2.1 1.3 -0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.2 1.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.5 3.6 0.7 -0.8 0.5 0.0 -1.6 1.6 -1.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.5 0.1
Pulse rate 3.8 6.5 22.7 -1.1 0.1 1.1 0.0 3.4 -1.0 4.0 4.8 2.0 3.2 1.9
Happiness 1.7 2.0 5.6 -0.7 -0.7 1.6 0.0 -1.7 -0.2 -2.1 -2.4 -0.9 -2.1 -0.9
Noisy workplace 0.5 0.7 1.5 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.1 3.6 -0.3 0.3 1.9 0.0 -0.2 1.8 -1.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 1.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.0 2.4 0.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -1.1 1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -0.6 -0.7 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 4.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 0.7 -2.0 0.9 1.3 1.0 -0.4 -1.1
Asthma 2.4 4.8 10.3 -1.9 1.2 0.8 0.0 2.8 2.5 2.4 1.9 3.2 2.1 3.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 0.0 0.8 1.7 -0.0 -0.1 0.8 0.2 1.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.2
Depression (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.5 0.0 1.4 0.4 1.8 1.3 1.8 1.0 0.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 -1.2 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0
Prospective memory result 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.6 -0.4 0.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.9 1.1 4.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.2 -0.5 -1.3 -2.1
Illnesses of mother 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 2.1 0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.0 -1.3 1.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.7 2.0 5.6 0.2 1.4 0.2 0.0 1.9 -1.0 2.4 2.1 1.6 1.6 0.6
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.4 5.7 2.3 2.4 -0.3 0.0 -1.9 1.1 -1.5 -2.0 -1.7 0.0 -1.1
Arm fat mass (right) 1.2 4.8 13.9 -3.3 -2.6 -1.3 0.0 -2.2 -1.6 -2.1 -2.2 -0.9 -3.7 -1.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.6 2.3 0.4 -0.7 -1.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 -1.1 0.7 -1.5 0.3
Standing height 0.5 5.2 19.2 4.4 2.8 -1.7 0.0 -2.3 1.4 -2.2 -3.2 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1
Length of working week for main job 3.6 4.0 9.1 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.0 -2.8 -0.6 -2.6 -3.0 -2.2 -2.6 -2.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.0 1.1 2.9 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 1.7 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.4
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.4 1.6 -0.4 1.3 0.7 0.0 -0.7 1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.5 0.8 2.8 -0.1 1.6 0.8 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.4 1.7 0.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.7 0.5 -1.1 0.0 0.6 -0.5 0.7 0.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.5 1.9 -1.4 -1.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 2.0 3.7 11.2 -0.9 -2.8 -1.2 0.0 -1.7 -1.0 -2.5 -2.5 -1.3 -3.3 -0.9
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.7 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.2 0.0 0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.3 0.3 1.9 -0.1 -0.9 -1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.5 0.6 2.6 -1.6 -0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 3.2 -1.1 -1.8 0.9 0.0 0.5 1.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 1.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.0 -0.6 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.8 1.1 7.4 2.7 0.9 -0.9 0.0 0.2 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.8 2.3 3.6 -1.9 -1.3 1.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9 -1.6
Medication: Paracetamol 1.4 2.3 4.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -2.0 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.7 -2.2
Headache pain in last month 0.9 1.5 3.2 0.7 -0.3 -1.7 0.0 -1.7 -0.5 -1.6 -1.8 -1.1 -1.5 -1.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.5 0.9 2.9 -1.5 -1.7 1.2 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.5 1.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.0 -1.0 -0.0 0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.0
Gout (self-reported) 1.3 1.7 5.4 -2.2 -0.5 1.0 0.0 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2 -0.5 -2.3 -1.2 -0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 4.0 -1.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.9 2.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.8 0.4
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.7 -0.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 -0.4
Birth weight 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 -0.9 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.0 -1.2 -0.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.2 2.6 8.9 -0.6 -0.6 0.9 0.0 2.4 0.6 1.9 1.9 3.0 0.8 2.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.9 -0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.8 3.5 1.0 0.9 1.4 0.0 -0.5 1.9 -0.6 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 0.3
Body fat percentage 1.2 4.6 11.2 -3.2 -1.7 -0.8 0.0 -2.5 -1.9 -2.1 -2.3 -1.5 -3.4 -1.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.1 4.0 16.1 -4.0 -1.7 -0.6 0.0 -1.8 -2.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -2.6 -2.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 4.2 -1.3 -1.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.9 0.5 -2.1 0.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 2.3 -1.2 -1.5 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.9 0.7
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.6 1.4 1.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 0.7 -1.2 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.4 0.1
Number of full brothers 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.0 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.4 2.4 -1.2 -0.4 1.5 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.6 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.8 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.1
Number of children fathered 2.2 2.4 7.2 0.7 2.5 0.8 0.0 1.4 -0.2 2.2 2.2 0.5 2.7 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.0 1.1 -0.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.5
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.7 3.1 0.9 1.8 0.5 0.0 0.1 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.9 0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.3 2.7 7.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.1 0.0 -2.2 1.1 -2.8 -2.6 -1.9 -1.9 -0.6
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.8 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.5 -1.6 -0.9
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.9 2.9 -1.6 -0.6 1.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 2.0 6.1 2.5 1.9 2.3 0.0 -0.2 1.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 1.2 1.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.8 1.0 4.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.7 2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.6 2.1 1.3 -0.2 -1.4 0.0 0.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 1.3 -0.6 0.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.0 1.0 -0.5 1.0 0.5 1.3 0.5 -0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.6 0.6 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.9 0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.8 2.5 0.1 -1.5 -1.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -1.6 0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 0.8 3.5 1.2 1.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.4 0.7 1.0 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 4.3 -0.3 -0.5 -2.1 0.0 0.1 1.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 1.6 2.1 6.6 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.0 -2.4 -0.9 -1.7 -1.6 -2.6 -1.4 -1.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -1.1
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 6.6 7.6 19.8 -0.4 1.1 1.1 0.0 4.1 2.3 3.2 2.8 4.5 2.9 3.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.7 1.3 5.8 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.0 0.5 -2.4 0.8 0.4 0.6 -0.8 -1.2
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -1.1 0.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.7 2.9 0.8 -0.3 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.8 1.3 0.5 0.6 1.7
Whole body fat mass 1.1 4.4 12.7 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 -2.4 -1.7 -2.1 -2.3 -1.1 -3.6 -1.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.9 3.6 12.4 -3.5 -2.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.5 -0.6 -3.0 -1.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 4.0 -1.1 -1.5 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 0.5 -2.0 0.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 4.7 15.0 50.7 -0.4 0.4 2.9 0.0 5.0 -1.9 6.2 7.1 2.3 4.9 3.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 2.6 6.0 13.9 -1.4 -2.1 0.6 0.0 -3.4 -0.5 -3.7 -3.7 -1.9 -3.6 -1.8
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.6 5.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.3 0.0 -1.2 0.0 -2.0 -2.1 -0.3 -2.4 -0.0
Number of full sisters 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.0 -0.7 1.3 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.2 -0.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.7 2.2 0.4 -0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.9 1.5 -1.2 -1.3 0.2 -0.9 -0.6
Overall health rating 1.2 2.6 7.0 -2.0 -2.1 0.6 0.0 -1.5 -0.0 -2.1 -2.2 -0.1 -2.7 -0.9
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.0 -1.3 1.3 0.0 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 0.9 -1.2 0.1
Had major operations 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -1.2 -0.8
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.5 1.8 1.3 0.7 0.5 0.0 -0.1 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.4 0.4 -0.5
Family relationship satisfaction 0.6 0.7 2.2 -0.4 -1.5 1.1 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.2 -1.4 0.4
Leg pain on walking 1.7 2.1 7.5 -1.1 -2.7 0.2 0.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -2.7 -0.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.0 1.2 6.1 0.6 1.4 -1.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 -2.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.5 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.9 0.7 1.1 -0.2 0.9 -0.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 2.6 -0.3 1.0 0.3 0.0 1.0 -0.4 1.4 1.4 0.1 1.6 -0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.6 2.8 1.0 1.7 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.5 1.7 5.1 1.2 0.1 -0.7 0.0 1.8 0.7 1.5 1.1 2.3 0.7 2.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.4 2.1 5.0 -1.3 -1.5 -0.6 0.0 -1.3 -2.2 -1.4 -1.3 -0.8 -2.0 -2.0
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.5 1.4 3.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.0 -1.7 -0.8 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.8 -0.7
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.7 -1.0 0.3
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.7 1.0 3.3 0.4 1.8 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.1 1.2 1.4 0.1 1.8 0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.2
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 2.3 0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.0 1.1 -1.4 1.5 1.5 0.8 1.0 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.0 5.2 2.3 0.6 -1.6 0.0 -0.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.6 0.3 0.1 1.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 0.9 4.3 -0.0 -1.3 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.0 -0.9 -1.2 0.6 -2.1 0.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 7.2 -0.3 -1.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 -1.3 -1.6 0.3 -2.7 0.2
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.4 5.4 13.4 -3.6 -2.1 -0.8 0.0 -2.7 -1.8 -2.4 -2.5 -1.4 -3.7 -1.8
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 2.8 0.0 -1.0 -0.8 0.0 -1.2 0.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.7 -0.8 0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.8 1.0 3.3 -1.6 -1.3 -1.3 0.0 0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.9 -0.0 0.3 1.8
Mood swings 0.6 1.1 2.9 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -1.5 -1.5 -0.1 -1.7 0.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.8 1.0 -0.1 0.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.9 1.3 5.3 0.1 -0.7 0.6 0.0 0.1 2.3 -1.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.3 2.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.6 2.8 -1.7 0.9 0.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -1.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.4 -0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.4
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.0 0.4 1.5 -0.1 -0.4 1.0 -0.0 0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.0 3.1 8.0 0.6 0.3 -0.5 0.0 -2.3 1.9 -2.8 -2.7 -2.3 -1.5 1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.0 2.1 7.5 1.6 0.6 -1.3 0.0 1.0 2.7 0.4 0.4 1.8 1.0 2.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.3 0.3 2.7 0.4 -0.1 1.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.0 1.6 4.8 -0.9 -2.2 2.0 0.0 -0.2 1.6 -1.2 -0.9 0.4 -1.5 1.0
Medication for cholesterol 0.6 0.9 4.5 0.5 -2.1 -0.7 0.0 0.7 -1.3 0.5 1.0 -0.0 -0.2 1.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 4.5 -2.1 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.6
Back pain experienced in last month 1.8 2.6 7.8 -1.6 -2.5 -0.8 0.0 -1.7 -0.4 -2.1 -1.8 -0.7 -2.8 -0.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.1 1.2 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 3.0 1.4 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.4 1.4 0.1
Asthma (self-reported) 2.4 4.8 11.5 -1.8 1.0 0.5 0.0 2.9 2.4 2.4 2.0 3.4 1.9 3.1
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.0 -1.2 0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 -0.9 0.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 10.9 -3.3 -0.8 0.8 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 1.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.9 -0.4
Medication: Gliclazide 0.8 0.9 2.6 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.0 -0.8 0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3 0.1 -1.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.0 1.2 3.6 -1.5 -0.3 0.5 0.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -1.9
Smoking status: Current 0.4 0.6 2.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.7 0.0 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.5 1.6 -0.2 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.6 2.4 -1.5 -1.3 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7
Whole body water mass 0.2 0.9 4.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 -1.2 0.7 -2.0 0.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.4 6.8 -0.2 -1.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.2 -1.2 -1.5 0.4 -2.6 0.1
Arm fat mass (left) 1.1 4.5 13.6 -3.2 -2.7 -1.1 0.0 -2.1 -1.7 -2.0 -2.0 -0.8 -3.7 -1.2
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.2 5.4 -2.3 -0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.3 -1.3 -1.4 0.2 -1.4 0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.2 0.3 2.1 -1.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.5
Miserableness 0.5 0.8 4.5 -2.1 -1.3 -0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -0.7
Guilty feelings 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.9 1.0 2.6 -1.5 -0.5 1.2 0.0 0.7 -1.6 1.3 1.4 0.7 -0.0 0.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.2 1.3 6.3 0.7 0.0 -0.8 0.0 -0.6 2.5 -1.6 -1.4 -0.7 -0.0 1.2
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.5 3.1 0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1 1.8 -0.1 0.1 0.6 1.0 0.3
Mother’s age at death 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.9 -0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.7 -1.0 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.3 1.6 4.9 -0.3 -1.3 0.9 0.0 1.5 1.9 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.6 1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.6 1.9 4.2 0.2 -0.5 1.2 0.0 -2.0 -0.9 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 1.7 -1.1 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 0.9 2.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 -1.5 -0.5 -1.4 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.1 1.4 3.4 -0.6 -1.8 0.2 0.0 -1.5 0.2 -1.8 -1.2 -1.7 -1.4 0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.2 1.1 -1.1 -0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.0 1.5 3.9 0.5 0.2 -2.0 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3
Medication: Paracetamol 2.5 3.9 8.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -2.7 -1.6 -2.5 -2.9 -2.1 -2.3 -2.8
Medication: Lisinopril 1.7 2.2 5.9 -1.2 0.6 0.6 0.0 -2.1 -0.3 -1.9 -2.4 -2.0 -1.6 -1.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.4 1.8 7.7 -0.3 -1.7 0.0 0.0 -0.5 2.0 -1.5 -0.9 -0.2 -1.2 2.8
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.9 1.0 2.4 -1.0 0.5 -1.1 0.0 -1.5 0.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6
Ever smoked 0.9 1.7 4.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.0 1.8 -0.9 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.4 6.2 -0.5 -1.4 -1.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.1 -1.4 -1.7 0.2 -2.5 -0.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.2 4.3 15.5 -3.9 -1.8 -0.4 0.0 -1.9 -2.5 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -2.7 -2.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.7 3.1 -0.4 -1.4 -1.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -1.8 0.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.1 -0.7 -1.2 0.6 0.0 -0.9 0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.0 -1.4 0.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.6 3.3 0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.6 0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.9 -1.8
Irritability 0.3 0.4 2.5 -1.1 -1.6 0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.2
Risk taking 2.8 4.1 12.5 1.6 0.1 -0.0 0.0 2.4 3.0 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2 3.5
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 0.9 2.3 -1.2 1.4 0.8 0.0 0.6 -0.9 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.5 0.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.9 1.1 5.0 -0.0 -1.5 0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.2 0.7 -2.2 0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.0 1.2 3.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.8 -0.9 -0.8 -1.5 -1.1 -1.3
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.8 2.1 0.7 -1.4 -1.2 0.0 0.8 -1.1 0.9 1.3 0.3 0.2 0.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.2 1.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.9 -0.2 0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.7 0.9 4.0 -0.7 -1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.7 2.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.0 1.2 5.1 0.8 -1.1 0.1 0.0 1.0 1.4 0.5 1.0 1.3 -0.0 2.3
Myopia 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.8 -0.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.8 3.7 0.5 0.0 -0.7 0.0 1.9 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 2.7 0.3 1.6 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.7 -0.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.7 0.8 3.5 -0.4 1.1 0.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 -1.9
Pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 1.9 1.0 1.2 -0.6 0.0 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.5 1.3 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -1.0 0.4 0.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -1.1 0.9 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.6 0.6
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.5 1.9 6.3 0.9 1.7 1.7 0.0 1.7 0.8 1.5 1.2 0.8 2.5 0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.9 2.4 4.3 -1.7 -1.4 1.4 0.0 -1.7 -2.1 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -2.1 -1.6
Heart disease (siblings) 1.3 1.6 3.9 -1.3 -0.7 1.8 0.0 1.4 0.3 1.2 2.0 0.8 1.3 1.6
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.8 2.0 5.2 -0.3 -1.5 1.1 0.0 -1.9 -0.8 -2.0 -1.6 -1.7 -2.3 -0.4
Pack years of smoking 0.9 1.4 3.6 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.6 -1.3 -1.1 -1.9
Impedance of whole body 0.4 2.2 8.0 2.4 2.8 -0.2 0.0 -1.3 1.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.8 0.9 -1.0
Leg fat mass (left) 1.0 3.9 13.5 -3.7 -2.1 -0.8 0.0 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6 -1.6 -0.8 -3.1 -1.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.7 2.9 -0.7 -1.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.9 -1.7 0.6