Hub : Genes

ECM2

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1600 0.0430 7.6e-11 0.098 0.108 0.109 0.109 0.097 5.3e-12 5.1e-13 3.4e-13 3.8e-13 7.9e-12
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0520 0.0270 3.3e-03 0.002 NA 0.001 NA 0.005 1.9e-01 NA 2.6e-01 NA 1.2e-01
3 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.1110 0.0390 5.7e-05 0.105 NA 0.073 NA 0.090 2.1e-06 NA 7.6e-05 NA 1.1e-05
4 GTEx Heart Left Ventricle 0.0697 0.0359 6.5e-03 0.046 NA 0.004 NA 0.019 1.7e-03 NA 1.9e-01 NA 3.1e-02
5 GTEx Liver 0.1630 0.0620 4.4e-05 0.175 NA 0.185 NA 0.181 1.4e-05 NA 7.4e-06 NA 9.0e-06
6 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0844 0.0455 5.0e-03 0.019 NA -0.003 NA 0.006 1.6e-02 NA 7.2e-01 NA 1.1e-01
7 NTR Blood 0.0273 0.0119 1.5e-03 0.014 0.008 0.010 0.011 0.011 1.3e-05 7.4e-04 2.2e-04 1.5e-04 1.4e-04
8 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0281 0.0167 1.8e-04 0.019 0.019 0.016 NA 0.020 5.8e-05 5.5e-05 2.5e-04 NA 3.9e-05
9 TCGA Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.1790 0.1030 8.4e-03 0.012 0.017 0.071 NA 0.057 7.6e-02 4.6e-02 2.2e-04 NA 8.6e-04
10 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.2585 0.0845 3.5e-06 -0.002 0.061 0.060 NA 0.001 7.7e-01 1.8e-07 2.2e-07 NA 2.5e-01
11 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.1011 0.0508 2.8e-03 0.038 0.024 0.016 NA 0.036 2.8e-05 6.6e-04 4.3e-03 NA 4.2e-05
12 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1884 0.0663 1.2e-07 0.036 0.079 0.085 NA 0.085 1.0e-04 1.2e-08 3.3e-09 NA 3.4e-09

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.1 3.4 8.8 -2.9 -2.3 -1.5 -1.1 2.0 -1.1 -1.6 -3.0 1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -1.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.3 3.1 11.5 -2.7 -3.4 -0.4 -1.2 1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -2.2 1.6 -2.1 0.2 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 2.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -0.1
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 3.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.6 1.1 -1.8 -0.5 0.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.5 1.1 6.2 -1.0 -2.5 0.7 -0.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 1.1 -1.5 0.9 0.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.8 2.4 5.5 1.0 -0.2 1.7 2.3 1.3 1.9 -1.8 0.3 -0.2 1.9 1.3 2.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.7 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.0 1.3 -1.3 0.3 0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.8 2.0 5.2 -1.4 -1.9 -1.4 -1.0 1.5 -0.9 -0.7 -2.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.0 -2.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 4.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4 1.1 2.1 0.1 -0.9 -2.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.7 3.7 13.0 -1.1 -0.1 2.8 3.2 2.0 1.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.2 0.5 3.6 2.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.9 4.4 16.6 -0.5 0.4 3.4 3.2 1.3 2.2 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.4 4.1 2.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.8 3.4 11.4 0.5 1.1 3.1 2.5 -0.2 2.0 0.1 1.6 -0.0 0.1 3.4 2.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.8 1.0 2.9 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.0 -1.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4
Reaction Time 0.6 1.1 2.0 0.4 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.9 1.2 -1.0 0.4 -0.6 1.3 1.4 1.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 0.9 2.4 0.3 1.3 -0.3 0.4 0.5 0.9 -1.3 -0.7 1.2 1.6 -0.7 1.1
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.6 1.4 -0.6 1.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 0.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.5
Ovarian Cancer 1.1 1.5 8.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.5 -1.0 2.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 -2.8
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.3 1.3 5.0 -0.1 -2.2 -0.8 -0.7 1.7 -0.7 -0.3 -2.0 0.0 0.6 -0.7 -1.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.6 0.9 2.1 0.7 0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 -1.1 1.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -1.5 -1.0
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 1.0 0.2 1.3 -0.1 1.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.5 2.4 5.5 -1.6 0.1 1.8 2.3 1.7 1.6 -1.8 -0.7 1.3 0.5 1.7 1.8
Mean Putamen Volume 1.5 1.7 5.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 2.4 1.0 -1.9 -2.1 1.4 1.7 -0.1 0.6
Fasting Glucose 1.1 1.3 3.5 -1.6 -1.8 0.1 -0.1 1.8 0.6 -1.2 -1.9 1.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.2
HbA1C 0.8 0.9 3.5 0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2 0.1 1.2 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.9 2.5 -0.4 -1.6 -1.0 -1.2 0.9 -0.2 -1.4 -1.1 0.8 0.7 -0.8 0.4
LDL Cholesterol 1.2 1.8 7.4 0.7 -1.1 0.5 1.7 2.7 0.9 -1.1 -1.9 -0.0 2.0 0.2 -0.3
Lupus 0.9 1.3 7.8 -1.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.0 -0.1 0.9 0.3 -2.8 -0.1 0.7
Neuroticism (2016) 1.2 1.7 6.7 1.3 1.4 0.3 -0.1 -2.4 -0.8 1.2 2.6 -0.9 -0.7 -0.1 0.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.4 2.0 5.9 -0.3 2.4 1.6 0.4 -0.9 0.8 -0.4 1.6 -0.1 -1.5 1.9 2.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.5 0.6 1.9 1.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.7 -1.1 -0.5 0.9 1.4 -0.5 0.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.8 1.7 8.6 -1.3 -2.9 0.7 -0.0 1.4 -0.1 -1.3 -1.2 1.6 -0.9 0.9 0.7
Triglycerides 0.7 1.1 4.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.7 2.2 1.9 0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.0 0.2 1.2 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.0 1.2 7.5 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 0.6 -0.8 1.0 -0.3 -2.7 -0.9 1.5 -0.2
Ulcerative Colitis 1.1 1.6 5.9 0.3 0.9 1.9 1.5 0.3 1.4 -0.2 0.8 -0.7 0.0 2.4 1.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.5 3.5 6.8 -0.0 2.1 1.7 0.8 -2.2 0.6 2.1 2.4 -2.4 -2.6 2.6 0.5
Blood Platelet Count 3.1 36.4 81.2 4.9 6.1 9.0 8.6 -0.9 7.3 0.3 6.0 -1.2 3.5 8.2 7.1
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.5 7.0 -0.7 1.4 1.5 0.4 -0.6 0.9 1.0 1.0 -0.5 -1.2 2.6 0.9
Blood White Count 2.1 15.2 44.8 0.4 4.2 5.0 4.9 -1.6 3.1 1.5 4.4 -3.7 -0.1 6.7 4.8
Heel T-Score 1.2 9.8 35.6 0.9 -0.6 5.0 4.5 2.6 5.0 0.6 -0.0 -1.1 0.2 6.0 1.5
BMI 1.1 6.4 17.1 -0.0 1.6 -2.1 -3.4 -4.1 -2.7 2.9 2.2 -2.0 -3.5 -1.2 -1.9
Height 3.8 73.9 201.6 -7.2 -13.3 -7.5 -5.5 10.6 -2.4 -8.0 -14.2 9.4 0.3 -7.7 -6.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 5.2 23.3 67.8 -1.7 -2.0 6.5 6.6 6.2 6.1 -3.7 -2.4 1.8 1.2 8.2 4.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.0 5.1 17.6 -2.8 -3.7 -0.9 0.6 4.2 0.1 -1.8 -3.8 -0.6 0.4 1.4 -1.1
Smoking Status 0.6 1.3 4.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 -0.5 -1.3 0.6 0.6 1.7 -0.6 -1.3 2.0 1.1
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 7.1 -0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 1.0 0.6 -2.7 -1.2 1.3 0.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.5 1.6 4.4 -1.8 -2.1 0.6 -0.3 1.3 0.3 -1.0 -1.4 1.4 -1.3 1.5 0.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.7 1.6 5.8 -0.2 1.0 1.3 1.7 -0.1 1.2 -1.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 2.0 2.4
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.0 2.8 0.6 0.4 1.4 1.3 -0.1 0.9 1.4 0.6 -1.5 -0.5 1.7 -0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.7 1.2 7.3 -0.0 0.1 1.5 1.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 2.7 1.3
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.8 4.1 11.8 1.8 1.3 -0.3 -1.0 -3.2 -1.4 2.7 3.2 -3.4 -1.1 -0.0 0.2
Lung FVC 2.3 11.6 37.3 2.5 2.8 -2.9 -3.4 -6.1 -3.3 3.9 3.8 -1.9 -1.6 -3.9 -2.0
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 3.1 -0.9 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.6 -1.4 0.2 1.8 -1.6 0.3 0.7
Chronotype (morning person) 0.2 0.5 2.2 0.0 -0.8 0.1 1.0 0.8 -0.0 0.5 -0.6 -1.5 -0.7 0.8 -0.6
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.4 0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.5
Tanning 0.3 3.5 12.2 -0.4 0.7 -2.0 -3.5 -2.5 -2.3 -0.2 0.9 0.8 -1.7 -3.1 -0.3
Hand grip strength (left) 1.2 3.3 8.8 -1.7 -2.5 -1.7 -1.7 1.9 -1.3 -0.8 -3.0 1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -2.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.7 1.2 4.0 -1.6 -0.7 0.9 -0.2 0.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.2 1.2 -2.0 1.6 1.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.9 4.4 -2.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -1.5 -0.8 1.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 2.6 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.9 0.2 -1.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.5 0.8 3.0 -1.0 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.8 1.0 -0.4 -0.4 1.7 0.1 1.4 0.4
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.7 0.9 2.5 -1.1 -1.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.1 -1.6 -0.7 1.4 -0.1 0.8 1.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.6 3.3 1.8 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.1 1.1 -1.0 -0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.7 2.6 -0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.0 1.6 0.7 0.6
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.1 2.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.9 0.4 1.6 -0.4 0.1 -1.6 -1.3 0.3 0.3 -1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 2.3 2.5 6.8 1.3 -0.4 2.3 2.6 1.4 2.4 -0.6 0.0 1.0 1.1 1.9 1.6
Angina 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1 -1.5 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 3.3 1.8 -0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.4 0.5 1.0 1.8 -0.6 0.6
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.6 0.8 1.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 1.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.3 -0.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5
Medication: Co-codamol 2.5 2.9 6.2 1.0 2.2 2.4 1.0 -1.7 1.5 0.9 2.5 -1.1 -0.7 2.3 1.9
Medication: Metformin 1.2 1.7 4.2 1.4 0.9 1.8 1.8 0.2 1.6 0.6 1.1 -0.9 0.9 2.0 1.1
Diabetes (father) 0.9 1.1 3.2 0.0 0.1 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.2 -1.2 0.4 -0.8 1.3 1.2 1.8
Diabetes (mother) 0.6 0.8 3.2 1.8 0.2 0.7 1.1 -0.2 1.3 0.3 0.9 0.0 1.4 0.1 0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 2.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.8 0.2 -1.4 -0.6 1.7 0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 2.7 13.2 33.4 -1.1 -1.3 3.8 5.8 5.5 4.3 -3.6 -2.6 1.1 2.6 4.7 3.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 2.3 12.4 33.9 -0.9 -2.9 -5.1 -5.8 -1.5 -4.3 1.4 -1.7 0.5 -2.1 -5.3 -4.6
Trunk fat percentage 0.5 2.1 6.2 -1.4 -2.5 -0.5 -0.1 2.1 0.0 0.1 -2.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 -2.3
Hand grip strength (right) 1.5 4.0 10.4 -1.7 -2.6 -2.3 -2.0 1.8 -1.6 -0.3 -3.2 1.1 -1.1 -1.9 -2.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.5 0.2 1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.9 -0.7 0.9 0.9 0.2 1.3 1.6
Current tobacco smoking 1.3 2.1 5.1 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.2 -1.6 0.1 2.1 2.3 -2.2 0.1 1.5 0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.9 1.1 5.5 -2.4 -0.3 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -1.5 -0.6 -0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 0.7 1.1 4.4 -0.9 -1.2 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.3 2.1 0.7
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.2 5.0 0.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -2.2 -1.6 0.6 1.6 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -0.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -1.0 0.8 0.8 -1.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.8 3.8 -1.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -1.4 -0.2 2.0 0.3 -0.8 0.9
Taking other prescription medications 0.9 1.4 4.3 -0.8 -0.9 1.4 0.6 0.5 1.3 -1.2 -0.1 1.2 -1.2 2.1 1.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.4 0.9 3.5 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.7 -1.4 0.2 0.5 1.9 -0.8 -0.0 0.5 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.2 -0.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.9 0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.1 1.0 1.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.3 0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 0.5 -1.1 0.1 -0.7 -1.0 0.3 -0.8 -1.4
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.1 1.3 3.0 0.5 1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -1.7 -0.9 1.3 1.5 -1.6 -1.6 0.1 0.2
High blood pressure 0.6 1.7 4.3 -1.9 -1.8 0.4 0.3 2.1 0.4 -1.1 -2.0 1.0 -0.9 1.5 -0.3
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.3 0.7 2.8 -1.1 0.4 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.5 -1.7 -1.3 1.0 0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -0.9 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.5 -1.4 0.1 -0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.3 1.6 5.3 -0.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.9 -1.5 1.0 1.4 -1.4 -2.3 0.7 0.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.8 1.1 4.0 0.7 1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -2.0 -0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.2 0.5 -0.7 1.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 7.2 -1.7 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -2.7 0.6 -0.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.9 1.1 3.6 -1.9 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -1.5 0.0 -0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 2.6 4.4 13.0 -0.8 1.6 2.8 2.4 0.1 2.2 -1.8 1.1 1.1 -0.6 3.5 3.6
Sitting height 2.8 19.5 52.7 -2.9 -7.0 -5.4 -3.5 5.0 -2.7 -2.1 -7.3 1.3 -0.2 -4.4 -5.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.3 1.6 3.4 1.2 1.6 1.8 0.9 -0.9 1.5 0.7 1.7 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.8 1.1 4.5 -1.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 1.4 0.3 -2.1 -1.1 1.0 0.8 0.0 1.0
Body mass index (BMI) 1.3 5.6 15.9 1.1 1.4 -1.5 -2.5 -4.0 -2.1 3.5 2.6 -2.3 -2.4 -1.1 -1.9
Impedance of leg (left) 3.2 15.3 37.0 -0.8 -1.3 4.2 6.1 6.0 4.7 -3.7 -2.7 0.9 2.9 5.2 3.3
Leg predicted mass (left) 2.3 12.0 32.7 -0.8 -2.8 -5.0 -5.7 -1.5 -4.2 1.5 -1.6 0.4 -2.0 -5.3 -4.6
Trunk fat mass 0.7 3.0 9.3 -1.2 -2.9 -1.8 -1.7 1.3 -1.0 0.5 -2.5 0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -3.0
Waist circumference 0.2 0.6 2.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 1.5 0.2 -0.8 -1.2 0.2 -1.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.4 4.4 0.4 1.6 -0.4 -0.9 -2.1 -0.5 1.5 1.6 -1.0 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.4 1.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.0 0.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.7 1.2 3.1 -1.6 1.3 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -0.6 -1.8 0.5 1.1 -1.5 -0.4 1.4
Nervous feelings 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.3 1.1 0.3 1.1 -1.1 -0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.0 0.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.7 1.3 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.5
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.0 1.7 5.4 -1.9 -1.3 0.2 -0.2 1.5 0.5 -1.7 -1.7 2.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.1 -0.8 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.9 1.0 0.2
Had menopause 0.9 1.1 3.2 1.2 0.9 -0.2 -1.1 -1.8 -0.5 1.7 1.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8
Had other major operations 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.2 1.0 1.1 0.2 -1.3 0.2 0.7 1.4 -0.7 -1.0 1.0 0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.1 4.3 13.4 -0.3 -1.3 -3.3 -2.6 -0.1 -2.1 0.3 -1.8 0.9 -0.3 -3.7 -3.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 2.4 2.9 6.5 2.3 2.6 2.1 1.5 -1.0 1.9 0.5 2.1 0.1 1.7 1.1 1.7
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.6 2.4 -1.0 -0.8 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 -1.6 1.0 -0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.9 1.2 3.2 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.1 -0.5 1.2 0.8 1.4 -0.4 0.3 1.8 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems 4.4 6.7 15.9 0.1 0.9 3.3 3.1 2.0 4.0 -2.5 0.2 1.6 2.9 2.9 3.8
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 1.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7
Allergy 0.3 0.7 2.9 0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 -1.7 -0.6
Pain all over the body in last month 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.4 2.1 11.2 -0.7 1.0 2.0 1.4 0.3 1.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 -1.1 3.3 1.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 3.7 4.9 11.9 1.8 3.5 2.7 2.2 -1.8 2.2 1.0 3.1 -0.8 1.5 2.2 2.4
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.7 -0.9 1.1 0.9
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.7 6.3 -2.5 -1.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.6 1.3 -1.7 0.7 0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.7 2.8 -1.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.5 -1.7 -1.0 0.9 0.6 -0.3 0.8
Illnesses of siblings 0.5 0.7 2.9 -1.7 0.5 -0.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -1.6 0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 1.2
Neuroticism score 0.6 1.3 5.8 -0.8 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -1.2 0.1 -1.2 0.6 2.1 -2.4 0.0 0.9
Weight 1.3 6.4 15.6 -0.5 -2.4 -3.5 -3.9 -0.9 -2.8 1.7 -1.3 -0.3 -1.9 -3.2 -3.9
Impedance of arm (right) 5.0 23.2 81.0 -4.6 -5.5 2.2 3.6 9.0 3.7 -5.4 -7.4 3.7 1.7 3.5 0.3
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 3.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -1.6 0.5 -1.9
Trunk fat-free mass 2.1 11.8 35.9 0.2 -2.3 -5.2 -5.6 -2.2 -4.3 1.4 -0.8 0.7 -1.5 -6.0 -3.8
Hip circumference 2.1 8.9 18.4 0.5 -0.3 -4.0 -4.3 -3.1 -3.8 2.7 0.6 -1.6 -2.5 -4.2 -3.8
Time employed in main current job 1.5 1.8 6.8 0.3 1.4 2.2 1.5 0.2 1.5 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.2 2.6 1.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.8
Father’s age at death 0.8 1.1 2.8 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.3 -1.3 0.2 0.9 1.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.2 0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.5 0.9 1.9 -0.9 0.6 1.2 0.6 -0.5 1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.8 -1.3 1.4 0.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.8 4.9 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -1.3 -2.2 -1.4 1.6 1.9 -1.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.6
Falls in the last year 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.1 1.2 1.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.9 0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.1
Number of live births 1.4 2.0 4.9 -0.5 -1.8 -2.0 -1.3 1.1 -1.7 0.3 -1.8 0.5 -0.1 -1.6 -2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.0 3.4 11.0 -0.3 -1.0 -3.1 -2.7 -0.5 -2.3 0.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.4 -3.3 -2.3
Pulse rate 1.7 2.9 6.3 2.2 1.1 1.8 2.4 1.1 2.2 0.4 0.5 -1.5 2.5 2.1 0.7
Happiness 1.0 1.2 3.7 0.4 1.9 -0.1 -0.1 -1.3 -1.1 1.2 1.1 -1.9 -1.1 0.2 -0.2
Noisy workplace 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.4 0.7 1.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.9 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 1.0 2.2 -1.4 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -0.6 -0.4 -1.2 -1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.9 1.0 5.9 1.1 0.4 -0.0 1.7 0.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 2.4 -1.0 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 2.5 4.2 8.3 -2.4 -1.6 -2.3 -2.6 0.5 -2.4 -0.4 -2.4 1.1 -2.9 -1.6 -2.5
Asthma 0.7 1.4 5.0 0.5 -0.5 2.1 1.4 0.9 2.2 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 1.9 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.5 1.9 6.7 0.7 1.5 1.4 0.7 -1.4 0.6 -0.8 2.5 0.1 0.1 1.3 2.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.5 2.3 4.0 -2.0 -1.8 0.8 0.5 1.7 0.6 -2.0 -1.4 1.4 -1.5 2.0 1.5
Depression (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 5.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 0.1 -0.6 1.5 -0.2 -2.3 -1.4 0.8 -1.6
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 -0.9 1.2 0.5 1.5 1.0 0.2 1.0 1.1
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.2 2.7 1.7 0.2 -1.4 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1 0.7 0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.5 -0.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.7 0.8 3.9 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 0.5 2.0 1.2 -0.7 0.8
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.5 -0.6 -1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.7 5.4 14.8 -0.8 -0.6 -3.6 -3.7 -1.4 -3.1 0.4 -0.9 0.4 -1.7 -3.9 -2.7
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.0 2.3 5.3 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.1 -1.5 1.7 1.5 2.1 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.7
Impedance of arm (left) 4.5 20.8 73.7 -4.6 -5.0 2.2 3.7 8.6 3.4 -5.0 -7.1 3.2 1.3 3.4 0.0
Arm fat mass (right) 0.7 2.7 8.4 -0.5 -1.4 -1.9 -2.3 -0.7 -1.7 1.8 -0.7 -0.9 -1.9 -1.2 -2.9
Trunk predicted mass 2.0 11.6 34.9 0.1 -2.3 -5.2 -5.5 -2.1 -4.2 1.3 -0.9 0.7 -1.5 -5.9 -3.8
Standing height 2.8 27.5 76.2 -3.9 -8.4 -5.0 -3.7 6.5 -2.0 -3.9 -8.7 4.4 0.6 -5.0 -4.9
Length of working week for main job 1.0 1.1 3.4 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.4 -1.8 0.4 1.4 1.7 -0.4 -1.2 1.1 0.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.1 1.2 3.0 1.2 0.0 -1.3 -0.8 -0.5 -1.1 1.7 0.1 -1.6 -0.1 -1.1 -1.7
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.8 0.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.6 2.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.1 -0.9 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.6 -0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 0.9 2.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -0.9 0.1 0.5 1.6 -0.1 -1.3 -0.4
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.4 -1.0 0.6 -0.9 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3 0.1 -1.5 -1.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.6 1.3 3.5 -0.7 -1.9 -1.4 -1.5 1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.6 -0.0 -0.1 -1.1 -0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 1.4 1.7 4.7 0.9 1.8 1.8 -0.3 -2.1 1.0 1.3 2.2 0.3 -0.9 0.8 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Loud music exposure frequency 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.9 0.4 1.0 -0.2 -0.8 1.0 -0.4 1.1 1.4 -0.3 0.4 1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.6 1.4 -0.6 0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 2.9 3.7 7.8 0.7 -1.2 -1.8 -2.1 -1.6 -2.6 2.8 0.5 -2.5 -1.8 -1.1 -2.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.1 0.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 1.4 -0.1 -1.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.6 4.0 -0.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.5 -2.0 -1.2 0.7 2.0 -1.3 -1.7 0.4 1.3
Headache pain in last month 0.4 0.7 4.1 1.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.3 -2.0 0.3 -0.0 0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.4 4.5 1.6 1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.6 -0.7 2.1 -2.1 -0.8
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.1 2.5 6.8 -1.6 -2.2 1.1 1.8 2.6 1.3 -1.5 -2.0 0.5 -0.3 1.8 0.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.9 1.7 4.3 -0.2 0.3 1.6 2.1 0.6 1.5 -1.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 2.0 2.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.9 1.3 3.1 -1.8 -1.2 0.7 0.4 1.4 1.0 -1.4 -1.0 1.0 0.1 1.2 1.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.8 -0.6 -1.0 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3
Birth weight 1.1 2.4 6.6 -0.5 -1.1 0.9 0.6 2.2 1.5 -1.9 -1.5 2.2 2.6 -0.0 1.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.9 1.1 2.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -1.5 0.5 -0.3 -1.2 -1.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.4 0.6 2.4 1.6 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.0 1.5 0.4 -1.2 0.6 0.1 -0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.5 5.4 16.1 -0.9 -1.0 -3.6 -3.3 -0.7 -2.7 -0.0 -1.7 1.5 -1.2 -4.0 -2.9
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.1 3.5 -0.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 0.0 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 0.8 -1.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.4 3.4 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.4 -1.5 0.2 1.7 1.5 -1.8 -1.3 1.3 -0.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 2.0 10.3 27.3 1.0 -1.3 -4.6 -5.0 -2.9 -4.0 2.3 0.3 -0.5 -1.5 -5.2 -3.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.4 3.0 0.2 0.2 -1.7 -1.7 -1.2 -1.6 1.7 0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.9 2.4 9.0 3.0 1.5 -0.4 -0.2 -2.1 -0.4 2.4 1.8 -0.9 0.8 -1.0 -1.0
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 2.8 -1.4 -1.7 0.6 -0.1 0.7 0.6 -1.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.5 1.2 0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.4 0.7 3.0 -1.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 1.3 -1.7 -0.5 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.5 0.9 3.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.1 1.2 0.4 -1.5 -1.8 1.4 -0.3
Number of children fathered 1.9 2.1 4.6 -1.7 -1.0 -2.1 -2.0 -0.9 -2.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.8 -2.0 -1.7 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 1.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1
Age at first live birth 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.1 1.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.9 3.4 7.8 -2.5 -2.5 -2.3 -1.3 2.1 -1.8 -1.7 -2.8 -0.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0
Health satisfaction 1.0 1.3 4.8 0.9 2.2 0.5 0.7 -1.1 -0.1 1.5 1.3 -1.9 -0.3 0.7 -0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.8 2.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 -1.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.5 1.4 6.7 0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.7 1.6 1.6 -1.2 -0.7 1.0 2.6 -0.2 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.5 1.8 4.2 1.5 1.5 0.1 -1.1 -2.0 -0.6 2.0 1.8 -1.0 -0.0 -1.2 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 2.1 2.5 6.7 -0.2 -2.5 -1.8 -1.0 1.4 -1.5 0.5 -2.2 -0.8 0.6 -1.7 -2.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.1 -0.9 0.8 0.6 1.8 1.0 -0.3 -1.3 0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.1 1.9 6.0 0.4 -1.3 -0.7 0.3 2.3 0.1 -0.1 -2.4 -0.1 1.9 -1.0 -2.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.8 3.1 1.8 0.0 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 -1.3 1.0 0.9 -0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.4 4.9 -2.1 -1.0 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 -2.2 1.9 0.5
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.9 0.0 0.0 1.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.3 1.5 4.1 0.7 1.5 1.6 1.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.6 1.9 0.5 0.5 1.3 2.0
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 0.8 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.9
Medication: Omeprazole 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.3 0.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.8 1.1 0.4 0.8 1.4 -0.8 1.1 0.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 1.8 -1.3 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.0 0.8 0.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.8 2.6 1.1 0.2 0.7 1.6 0.6 1.1 0.4 -0.3 0.8 1.5 0.5 -0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.3 1.5 5.8 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7 -0.0 2.3 -0.1 -0.1 -2.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 -1.7
Whole body fat mass 0.5 2.2 7.9 -0.5 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 0.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 -2.8
Leg fat mass (right) 0.4 1.4 3.6 0.7 -0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 -0.9 1.9 0.7 -1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 2.0 10.1 28.3 1.0 -1.3 -4.6 -5.0 -2.8 -3.9 2.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.5 -5.3 -3.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.3 4.1 7.3 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.8 -1.4 1.6 2.5 2.7 -2.2 1.4 2.0 0.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.3 6.7 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 1.4 0.6 -1.4 -2.6 1.6 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 2.4 13.0 35.9 -2.1 -5.9 -3.9 -3.0 4.1 -1.4 -1.8 -6.0 2.1 0.1 -3.6 -4.2
Number of full sisters 1.6 1.9 6.1 -0.6 -1.9 0.0 -0.7 2.5 0.6 -1.4 -2.5 1.8 0.1 0.7 -0.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.5
Overall health rating 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.7 -1.1 -1.0 1.2 0.3
Chest pain or discomfort 0.6 0.9 2.4 -1.4 -1.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.3 -0.9 -0.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.2
Had major operations 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.7 1.0 1.1
Age at last live birth 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.7 0.1
Family relationship satisfaction 0.6 0.7 2.1 1.4 1.3 0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.2 0.1 1.1 -0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.7 0.2 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 -0.9 -1.4 -0.4
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.8 1.0 4.1 -2.0 -0.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.4 -1.9 -0.4 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 -1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.1 4.7 -1.8 -0.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -2.2 0.1 1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 1.1 0.4 0.8 -0.8 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.8
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.5 3.5 1.5 1.6 0.2 -0.2 -1.9 -0.7 1.5 1.8 -1.6 -0.9 0.3 -0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.8 2.2 4.9 -2.2 -2.2 0.4 0.2 2.2 0.4 -1.1 -2.2 1.1 -1.3 1.7 -0.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.4 -0.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 -1.6 -0.2 0.1 1.5 0.1 -0.8 0.4 1.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.5 2.1 5.3 -2.3 -1.0 -1.6 -0.9 1.5 -1.6 -0.6 -2.2 -1.4 -1.2 0.1 -1.2
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.6 0.8 3.1 1.8 0.3 0.5 0.1 -1.3 0.1 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 2.3 -0.4 -1.5 -0.2 -1.0 1.0 0.4 -0.8 -1.4 1.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.4 3.0 5.8 -1.1 -2.4 -2.1 -1.9 1.5 -1.7 -0.6 -2.4 0.4 -0.1 -2.3 -2.0
Whole body fat-free mass 2.2 12.6 34.1 -0.1 -2.5 -5.3 -5.8 -2.1 -4.4 1.6 -1.0 0.5 -1.9 -5.8 -4.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 2.3 12.1 33.3 -0.6 -2.8 -5.0 -5.8 -1.3 -4.2 1.5 -1.8 0.4 -1.9 -5.3 -4.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.3 4.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.6 1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -2.0 0.5 -2.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.9 -1.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.2 1.4 5.0 -2.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 0.9 -0.1 -2.1 -1.1 1.9 -0.5 -0.2 1.0
Mood swings 0.3 0.5 2.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 0.8 -1.5 0.0 0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.9 4.3 -1.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -1.3 2.1 1.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.9 1.0 2.7 -0.6 -1.6 -0.6 -1.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.4 0.0 1.6 -0.3 -1.0 0.9
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.5 2.4 9.0 0.3 0.6 2.2 2.2 0.8 1.9 -0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0 3.0 2.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.7 1.8 6.1 2.5 0.6 1.0 1.5 -0.2 1.0 1.8 1.3 -2.0 1.3 0.4 -0.5
Friendships satisfaction 0.8 1.0 3.6 0.1 0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -1.4 1.4 -0.1 -1.9 -0.1 -0.6 -1.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.0 1.6 3.7 1.4 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6 -1.1 1.6 0.3 -1.9 1.1 -1.7 -1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.7 0.7 3.6 0.9 -0.7 0.5 0.8 1.9 0.7 -0.1 -1.2 -0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.9 1.1 3.6 -1.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.4 -1.0 1.4 -0.9 0.0 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.7 2.7 5.7 1.7 0.7 -1.7 -0.9 -2.4 -1.7 2.2 1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -2.0 -1.8
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.7 2.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.7 -0.1 -1.2 -0.7 0.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 0.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.9 1.2 2.9 -1.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 0.7 -1.1 -0.3 -1.4 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.7 -1.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.7 1.3 4.7 0.2 -0.6 2.0 1.3 1.0 2.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 1.9 0.5
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 1.2 1.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 8.0 1.3 1.2 -0.5 -1.3 -2.8 -1.0 1.6 2.2 -0.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 1.0 3.8 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 0.5 0.5 -2.0 0.3 1.6
Medication: Gliclazide 1.1 1.2 4.0 0.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 1.2 -0.4 0.6 2.0 1.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.9 4.0 -0.8 0.1 0.8 1.1 -0.3 0.6 -1.2 0.4 2.0 -0.8 0.3 1.3
Smoking status: Current 1.8 2.9 6.7 2.3 1.5 1.8 0.7 -1.5 0.9 2.0 2.6 -2.1 0.6 1.9 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.7 3.5 10.4 -0.3 2.1 -2.0 -2.2 -3.2 -2.5 0.9 1.7 -0.3 -2.1 -1.9 -0.2
Whole body water mass 2.2 12.7 34.3 -0.1 -2.4 -5.3 -5.8 -2.1 -4.4 1.6 -1.0 0.4 -1.9 -5.9 -4.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 2.3 12.2 33.9 -0.7 -2.8 -5.0 -5.8 -1.3 -4.2 1.5 -1.7 0.4 -1.9 -5.3 -4.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.7 2.9 8.5 -0.5 -1.3 -2.0 -2.4 -1.0 -1.8 1.8 -0.5 -0.9 -2.0 -1.3 -2.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.4 0.7 2.7 -1.1 -1.2 0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -1.6 1.6 -0.4
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.2 1.6 3.9 1.3 -0.7 -2.0 -0.8 1.0 -1.3 0.1 -1.4 -0.9 1.0 -1.9 -1.7
Miserableness 1.2 2.1 6.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.2 -1.0 -2.5 -2.3 0.9 1.2 -0.3 -2.4 -1.4 -1.1
Guilty feelings 1.2 1.8 8.0 0.0 1.1 -0.3 -1.7 -2.8 -0.5 -0.0 2.1 0.7 -1.5 -1.1 1.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.5 1.6 4.5 1.0 0.1 1.8 2.1 0.8 1.9 -0.6 0.2 0.6 1.1 1.6 1.3
Hearing aid user 0.6 0.7 3.0 -0.5 -1.7 -0.9 -0.2 1.1 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.5
Mother’s age at death 1.9 2.4 8.3 -0.3 1.5 -0.9 -1.7 -2.9 -1.8 0.8 2.1 -0.7 -2.3 -0.9 0.5
Financial situation satisfaction 2.6 3.2 10.5 3.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 -1.6 1.6 1.5 2.8 -0.5 0.8 1.0 0.9
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.7 0.8 3.9 -0.4 -2.0 -0.8 -0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 0.5 -0.6 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.8 1.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -1.4 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.0 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.7 2.0 4.3 -1.7 -1.8 0.9 1.9 2.1 0.7 -0.7 -1.7 -0.6 -1.1 1.9 -0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 2.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -1.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.5 -1.4
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.6 0.7 2.6 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.1 -1.6 0.1 0.6 1.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.6 -1.2 -0.7 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.2 0.8 -0.6 1.2 1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.6 0.9 3.3 0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 1.0 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 -0.6 -1.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.4 3.9 -0.0 1.4 -0.0 -0.4 -1.9 -0.6 1.0 1.8 -1.1 -2.0 0.6 0.8
Medication: Lisinopril 2.0 2.5 6.9 0.5 0.7 2.4 2.1 1.0 2.6 -0.5 0.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.7 3.3 -1.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -1.8 1.3 0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.6 0.2 0.8 0.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.6 -0.2 0.8 1.2
Ever smoked 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.3 -0.9 0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4
Basal metabolic rate 2.1 11.4 29.6 -0.1 -2.5 -5.0 -5.4 -1.8 -4.2 1.7 -1.1 0.1 -1.8 -5.3 -4.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.4 4.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.3 -1.2 0.3 1.8 1.4 -2.0 -1.2 1.4 -0.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 2.0 10.1 26.0 0.5 -1.6 -4.7 -5.1 -2.5 -4.1 2.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.7 -5.0 -3.8
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.1 1.6 4.8 1.4 0.9 0.5 -0.5 -2.0 -0.4 1.8 2.2 -1.6 -0.6 0.6 0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.3 0.5 1.7 -0.3 -0.2 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.9 -0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 1.3 0.8
Irritability 0.5 0.8 3.4 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4 -0.5 0.5 0.1 -1.8 -0.6 0.3
Risk taking 1.5 2.2 5.3 0.1 0.2 -1.6 -1.4 -1.9 -2.3 1.6 1.1 -2.1 -1.8 -0.7 -0.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.1 1.3 3.0 -0.3 -0.5 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.6 -1.4 -0.2 0.6 1.1 1.7 1.5
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.2 1.5 4.4 1.7 0.6 1.0 1.6 -0.7 0.8 2.1 1.2 -1.6 0.8 0.6 -0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.8 8.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -1.2 2.4 0.6 -2.9 -0.4 0.3 -1.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 4.4 5.4 8.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.9 -0.5 2.6 -0.0 2.4 -0.9 3.0 1.6 2.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.0 -0.7 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.1 1.6 0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.6 1.9 4.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.0 -0.8 1.2 -1.4 -1.0 -2.2 0.3 -1.8 -0.8 -1.1
Myopia 0.7 1.0 4.7 1.6 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.6 2.2 -1.2 -0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.6 1.6 4.5 2.1 1.6 -0.0 0.2 -1.9 -0.1 1.4 2.0 -1.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.7 0.9 2.0 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -1.1 1.4 0.5 1.2 1.4 -0.5 1.0 0.4
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.6 -0.0 0.5 -0.7 -1.4
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.2 1.1
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 6.5 2.3 -0.2 1.6 2.5 1.0 1.8 0.0 0.6 -0.4 2.0 1.3 1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 1.2 0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.2 -0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.6 -0.0 0.5 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 1.3 0.1 -1.6 -0.6 -0.2 -1.5
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.7 -1.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.6 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.0 1.1 2.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.3 0.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.5 2.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 -0.9 1.7 0.5
Impedance of whole body 4.0 20.4 68.4 -3.5 -3.8 3.3 5.1 8.3 4.3 -5.0 -5.8 2.5 2.1 4.7 1.6
Leg fat mass (left) 0.4 1.6 3.8 0.6 -0.3 -1.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.0 1.9 0.4 -1.6 -1.3 -0.6 -1.9
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.9 9.9 25.6 0.4 -1.8 -4.7 -5.1 -2.3 -4.0 2.0 -0.4 -0.6 -1.6 -4.9 -3.9