Hub : Genes

ELL

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia 0.1720 0.0690 5.8e-03 -0.003 NA -0.005 NA 0.007 3.9e-01 NA 4.7e-01 NA 2.1e-01
2 GTEx Whole Blood 0.0950 0.0320 1.6e-04 0.031 NA 0.040 NA 0.033 7.3e-04 NA 1.2e-04 NA 4.5e-04
3 METSIM Adipose 0.0829 0.0252 1.5e-06 0.054 0.048 0.052 0.054 0.056 1.6e-08 1.1e-07 3.1e-08 1.4e-08 7.1e-09
4 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2707 0.0375 0.0e+00 0.388 0.333 0.384 0.382 0.389 5.7e-53 3.8e-44 2.8e-52 4.7e-52 4.0e-53
5 YFS Blood 0.2334 0.0263 0.0e+00 0.406 0.407 0.434 0.430 0.428 5.8e-145 1.1e-145 2.6e-158 2.0e-156 3.5e-155
6 TCGA Glioblastoma Multiforme 0.1340 0.0850 9.6e-04 0.097 0.080 0.064 NA 0.068 7.3e-04 2.0e-03 5.2e-03 NA 4.1e-03
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0604 0.0304 3.1e-04 0.014 0.027 0.024 NA 0.019 9.8e-03 4.8e-04 8.4e-04 NA 2.7e-03
8 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0284 0.0199 2.3e-03 0.026 0.014 0.007 NA 0.012 8.3e-04 1.2e-02 5.1e-02 NA 1.8e-02
9 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0570 0.0280 3.1e-08 0.058 0.085 0.079 NA 0.075 2.7e-06 1.2e-08 4.1e-08 NA 8.0e-08

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.6 2.6 4.0 1.6 -1.2 -2.0 1.9 -1.5 1.9 -0.2 1.7 1.7
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 3.0 7.3 10.5 2.9 -2.7 -3.1 3.0 -2.5 3.2 -0.0 2.5 2.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 3.0 6.3 10.0 2.4 -2.4 -3.2 2.8 -2.6 2.8 -0.1 2.6 2.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.2 3.4 4.0 1.9 -1.9 -2.0 1.9 -2.0 2.0 -0.6 1.9 1.8
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 2.2 6.7 16.8 2.4 -4.1 -1.6 2.3 -2.1 2.4 -2.4 2.6 2.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 3.0 6.9 9.1 2.8 -2.6 -3.0 3.0 -2.8 2.7 -0.6 2.9 2.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.3 4.7 6.6 2.4 -2.5 -2.4 2.4 -2.0 2.6 0.0 2.0 2.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.8 1.1 3.6 0.8 -1.4 -0.3 0.4 -0.9 0.8 -1.9 0.9 1.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 3.6 7.5 10.1 3.2 -2.6 -3.0 3.1 -3.1 2.7 -0.7 2.9 2.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 -1.9 -0.2 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.9 1.0 2.0 1.2 -1.0 -1.4 1.1 -1.3 0.7 0.0 1.0 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.4 3.5 6.1 -2.4 1.7 2.5 -1.3 1.8 -2.1 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5
Crohns Disease (2017) 5.6 12.3 17.8 -3.9 3.5 4.2 -4.0 3.9 -3.4 -0.0 -3.7 -3.0
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.0 4.9 9.0 -2.4 1.9 3.0 -2.4 2.3 -1.4 -2.9 -1.8 -0.8
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.9 1.7 11.8 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.9 -3.4 0.7 1.4
Major Depression (MDD) 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.9
Reaction Time 1.6 3.0 9.5 1.9 -3.1 -1.3 1.5 -1.4 1.6 -0.5 1.6 1.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.2 2.9 5.5 1.7 -2.3 -1.3 1.7 -1.7 1.7 -1.3 1.7 1.7
Breast Cancer 40.3 97.0 118.8 -10.8 8.8 10.4 -10.7 10.4 -10.9 3.7 -10.4 -10.4
Ovarian Cancer 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.0
Prostate Cancer 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.5 -0.1
Age at First Birth 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.1 1.0 -0.9 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.9 1.2 2.5 -1.1 1.6 1.3 -1.0 1.3 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.7 0.8 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4 2.4 -0.7 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 4.2 6.7 11.6 -3.1 2.5 3.4 -2.9 2.8 -2.3 -0.9 -2.5 -2.0
Mean Putamen Volume 1.7 2.0 2.8 1.0 -1.5 -1.1 1.3 -1.3 1.5 -1.6 1.5 1.7
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1
HbA1C 0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.2 -1.3 0.1 0.4
HDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.8 4.7 -0.1 -0.0 -0.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.8 2.2 -0.6 -1.1
LDL Cholesterol 2.5 3.9 5.8 -2.3 2.4 1.2 -1.8 2.0 -2.2 1.6 -1.7 -2.2
Lupus 3.5 5.3 10.0 3.2 -2.6 -2.0 2.3 -2.6 2.3 -0.5 2.0 2.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.6 -0.4 -1.1 0.9 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.8 1.2 2.1 1.4 -1.2 -0.3 0.8 -1.1 1.1 -1.5 0.8 1.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.1 0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.5 5.4 6.4 2.4 -2.5 -2.3 2.4 -2.2 2.5 -1.5 2.4 2.5
Triglycerides 0.8 1.4 3.0 -1.3 1.7 1.0 -1.1 1.5 -0.9 0.7 -1.1 -1.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.5 1.7 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 -2.3 1.8 2.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 5.4 -0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -2.3 -0.0 0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.2 4.4 -0.7 -2.1 0.4 -0.6 0.8 -0.5 1.7 -1.0 -0.7
Blood Platelet Count 0.7 8.0 12.1 -3.1 2.1 3.5 -3.4 3.2 -3.2 -0.7 -2.8 -2.5
Blood Red Count 3.0 28.7 48.3 -4.4 5.6 3.7 -4.8 3.9 -6.7 5.5 -5.7 -7.0
Blood White Count 2.1 15.6 21.4 -4.5 4.4 4.6 -4.4 4.5 -3.9 -2.1 -3.3 -3.1
Heel T-Score 5.8 46.3 64.2 -7.0 6.8 8.0 -7.6 6.0 -7.9 -0.4 -7.2 -7.1
BMI 0.6 3.7 9.1 -2.2 3.0 2.4 -2.0 2.2 -0.9 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7
Height 3.9 75.2 112.4 9.1 -8.3 -10.6 10.0 -8.9 9.0 -0.9 9.2 8.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 2.6 11.6 35.2 1.6 -0.8 -3.1 3.0 -3.6 2.6 -5.9 3.8 3.6
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.8 4.0 5.4 2.2 -2.0 -2.1 2.2 -2.3 2.2 -1.0 1.7 1.9
Smoking Status 2.1 5.1 7.1 -2.4 2.0 2.7 -2.6 2.6 -2.0 1.2 -2.4 -2.0
Allergy or Eczema 6.1 16.2 23.7 4.4 -4.5 -4.3 4.4 -4.9 3.8 -0.5 4.1 3.6
Cardiovascular Disease 0.8 2.5 4.8 -2.0 1.5 2.2 -1.8 1.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4 -1.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.3 1.6 0.2 -1.3 0.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.1
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.3 2.8 -1.4 0.6 0.9 -1.0 0.8 -1.7 0.6 -1.2 -1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.3 2.4 4.2 -1.7 1.2 1.8 -1.7 2.0 -1.7 -0.0 -1.3 -1.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 2.0 10.0 17.2 3.4 -2.4 -4.1 3.5 -4.2 3.1 0.3 3.2 2.6
Lung FVC 1.6 8.3 16.8 -2.0 2.1 2.0 -2.5 2.4 -3.3 4.1 -3.1 -3.7
Neuroticism 2.7 6.5 8.4 2.6 -2.3 -2.7 2.8 -2.7 2.9 -1.0 2.7 2.8
Chronotype (morning person) 1.6 3.7 8.0 2.8 -2.0 -1.9 2.1 -2.2 1.8 0.0 1.7 1.6
Hair Pigment 0.6 18.3 22.4 -4.5 3.8 3.8 -4.4 4.5 -4.5 3.4 -4.7 -4.6
Tanning 0.1 1.3 2.6 1.1 -0.1 -1.4 1.2 -0.7 1.6 0.3 1.2 1.4
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.5 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.0 0.2 1.4 0.1 -0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 2.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 0.2
Average weekly spirits intake 3.0 3.8 6.0 -2.5 2.4 2.2 -2.2 2.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.7 -1.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.2 -0.4 -1.1 0.9 -0.8 1.1 -0.2 1.0 1.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 3.7 5.2 7.0 2.5 -2.6 -2.4 2.3 -2.6 2.3 -1.0 2.3 2.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.1 1.7 3.7 -1.3 0.1 1.9 -1.6 1.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.8
Relative age of first facial hair 2.7 5.6 7.0 -2.6 2.4 2.6 -2.6 2.3 -2.5 0.4 -2.6 -2.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.0 -0.9 0.7 -0.8 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.4 2.7 4.0 -1.9 1.4 2.0 -1.9 2.0 -1.5 0.6 -1.6 -1.5
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 3.0 4.5 1.9 -1.4 -1.8 1.9 -2.1 2.0 -0.4 1.6 1.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.4 0.4 2.6 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 1.6 -0.3 -0.8
Angina 1.6 2.0 2.9 -1.2 1.5 1.4 -1.6 1.7 -1.2 1.4 -1.4 -1.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.9 0.1 1.3 -0.9 0.2 -1.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.6
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.9 2.5 4.8 -2.2 1.6 2.0 -1.8 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -0.8
Supplements: Zinc 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.9 -0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.9 0.7
Medication: Metformin 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.8 -0.4 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.7
Diabetes (mother) 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.5 -0.0 0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.9 1.0 3.1 -0.5 0.6 1.8 -1.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 1.5 7.1 10.9 2.2 -2.4 -3.3 3.0 -2.9 2.4 -1.6 3.1 2.6
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.2 6.5 -1.4 2.5 0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -1.2 -0.2 0.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.8 2.8 0.7 -1.7 -0.9 0.6 -0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 0.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.7
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.7 0.8 0.4 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.6 1.0 0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.4
Maternal smoking around birth 1.6 2.3 3.8 -2.0 1.2 1.8 -1.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.3 -1.5 -1.2
Fed-up feelings 4.1 7.4 11.8 2.8 -2.2 -3.4 3.1 -2.9 3.0 0.3 2.8 2.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 2.6 3.5 4.7 1.7 -2.1 -1.8 1.9 -1.8 2.2 -0.9 1.9 2.1
Relative age voice broke 1.4 2.1 4.5 -1.3 1.2 2.1 -1.8 1.2 -1.5 -0.2 -1.7 -1.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.5 0.4 1.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.7 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.5 1.1 3.2 -0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.8 0.9 -1.4 1.8 -0.8 -1.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.2 1.3 1.7 -1.1 1.3 1.1 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 1.1 -1.2 -1.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 2.2 5.1 6.9 -1.9 2.4 2.6 -2.5 1.8 -2.5 0.8 -2.6 -2.6
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.3 -0.1 -1.1 0.5 -1.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.1 2.8 3.8 -1.4 1.7 1.8 -1.8 1.9 -1.6 1.1 -1.9 -1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 3.3 4.0 6.8 2.3 -1.9 -2.6 2.4 -1.9 1.9 1.1 1.9 1.5
High blood pressure 1.1 3.2 6.5 -2.2 1.5 2.5 -2.2 1.8 -1.3 -1.1 -1.9 -1.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 5.6 12.2 18.2 4.0 -4.3 -3.5 3.7 -4.2 3.3 -0.7 3.4 3.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.7 3.4 6.2 2.5 -1.6 -2.4 2.1 -2.1 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 2.8 3.5 4.4 2.1 -1.9 -1.3 1.9 -1.9 2.0 -1.9 1.7 2.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 5.4 7.0 10.6 3.0 -2.7 -2.1 2.5 -3.3 2.5 -2.2 2.7 2.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.9 3.4 4.4 2.1 -1.8 -2.0 2.1 -2.1 1.9 -0.6 1.9 1.8
Medication: Atenolol 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.8 0.8 0.9 -0.7 1.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1
Sitting height 3.0 21.0 31.7 5.1 -4.0 -5.6 5.3 -4.3 5.1 0.6 4.7 4.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.7 0.6 0.9 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.0
Body mass index (BMI) 0.9 4.0 10.4 -2.3 3.2 2.2 -2.1 2.0 -1.3 -0.1 -1.8 -1.3
Impedance of leg (left) 2.4 11.5 17.5 3.1 -3.4 -4.2 3.7 -3.8 3.1 -1.6 3.8 3.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.4
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.6 3.3 -0.7 1.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 -1.1 0.2 0.6
Waist circumference 0.3 1.0 5.4 -0.9 1.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -2.3 0.3 0.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.1 1.8 3.9 1.5 -2.0 -1.4 1.3 -0.9 1.4 0.3 1.3 1.2
Past tobacco smoking 2.6 4.8 6.2 2.3 -1.6 -2.5 2.4 -2.5 2.3 -1.3 2.3 2.1
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.5 0.8 4.8 0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 0.5 -2.2 0.1 0.6
Nervous feelings 5.7 10.6 13.3 3.6 -3.0 -3.2 3.6 -3.6 3.4 -1.4 3.5 3.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 4.3 6.6 9.2 2.9 -2.9 -2.8 2.8 -3.0 2.3 -1.0 2.6 2.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 2.3 3.7 8.4 1.7 -2.0 -1.1 1.5 -1.8 1.8 -2.9 1.8 2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.5 -1.3 0.8 0.7
Had menopause 0.7 0.9 1.9 0.9 -0.6 -1.2 1.0 -1.4 0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.9
Had other major operations 1.3 1.6 2.3 -1.5 1.2 1.5 -1.4 1.4 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.6 2.3 4.4 1.5 -1.9 -2.0 1.6 -1.0 1.2 2.1 1.0 0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.9 2.1 3.1 -1.1 1.5 1.8 -1.6 0.9 -1.8 0.2 -1.7 -1.7
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.3
Qualifications: None of the above 3.8 8.2 13.3 -3.6 3.2 2.3 -2.9 3.0 -3.2 1.0 -2.7 -2.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.7 2.3 3.9 2.0 -1.8 -1.5 1.5 -1.7 1.3 -0.1 1.6 1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.5 2.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 0.2 0.4 0.3 1.7 -0.1 -0.1
Heart attack 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.5 0.5 1.3 -1.0 1.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 -0.5
Allergy 1.8 4.1 7.1 -2.1 2.7 2.1 -2.1 2.5 -1.7 0.8 -2.0 -1.8
Pain all over the body in last month 2.0 2.2 4.6 1.3 -1.6 -2.1 1.7 -1.4 1.1 -0.3 1.8 1.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.9 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 6.4 8.5 12.5 3.3 -3.5 -3.1 3.0 -3.1 3.0 -0.1 2.8 2.7
Medication: Ramipril 1.0 1.3 5.2 -0.9 0.6 1.7 -1.1 0.8 -0.3 -2.3 -0.7 -0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 0.8 1.2 2.7 -0.9 0.8 1.6 -1.5 1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5
Fluid intelligence score 0.7 1.4 1.8 1.2 -1.2 -1.0 1.2 -1.3 1.3 -0.8 1.1 1.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.9 0.8 0.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.7
Neuroticism score 2.4 5.0 7.3 2.4 -2.2 -2.7 2.5 -2.4 2.4 0.1 2.2 2.1
Weight 0.1 0.7 1.8 0.4 0.5 -0.9 0.9 -0.6 1.4 -0.3 0.9 1.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 1.1 2.7 -1.6 1.4 -0.1 -0.7 1.2 -1.3 0.3 -0.7 -1.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.8 7.2 19.2 -3.4 4.4 2.5 -2.6 2.8 -2.1 -0.2 -2.4 -1.9
Trunk fat-free mass 0.9 5.2 7.2 2.6 -2.1 -2.5 2.6 -2.2 2.7 0.6 2.2 2.2
Hip circumference 0.6 2.5 5.8 -1.8 2.4 1.7 -1.6 1.8 -1.0 0.5 -1.6 -1.1
Time employed in main current job 0.5 0.5 1.7 -0.9 1.3 0.7 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.9 0.1 -0.1
Father’s age at death 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 0.9 0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.7 3.2 5.2 2.2 -2.0 -2.3 2.0 -2.1 1.7 0.3 1.4 1.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 9.9 16.1 22.1 4.6 -3.8 -4.5 4.6 -4.7 4.0 0.1 4.1 3.6
Falls in the last year 0.6 0.8 2.4 -0.9 0.5 0.1 -0.5 1.0 -0.6 1.6 -0.9 -0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.0 1.4 2.1 -1.0 1.0 1.2 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 1.3 -1.3 -1.5
Number of live births 5.2 7.4 11.4 2.9 -1.8 -3.1 3.1 -2.7 3.4 -0.0 2.8 3.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.7 2.2 7.5 1.3 -1.4 -2.1 1.5 -1.1 0.9 2.7 0.8 0.3
Pulse rate 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2
Happiness 3.3 4.0 5.3 2.0 -2.3 -1.8 2.0 -2.0 2.1 -1.3 2.1 2.1
Noisy workplace 5.2 6.4 8.7 -2.7 2.1 2.9 -2.9 2.6 -2.8 0.2 -2.9 -2.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.7 3.7 10.3 2.4 -3.2 -1.3 1.8 -1.8 1.9 -0.8 1.5 1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 4.0 4.6 7.7 2.8 -1.8 -2.4 2.5 -2.4 2.1 0.6 2.2 1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.4 2.9 -1.7 1.5 1.3 -1.1 0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9
Asthma 0.6 1.1 2.3 -1.2 0.5 1.0 -1.1 0.8 -1.5 -0.1 -1.2 -1.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.4 2.2 4.6 -1.5 0.9 2.2 -1.9 1.7 -1.2 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.5 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.1 -0.3 1.6 -0.5 -0.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.8 0.9 1.9 -1.1 1.4 0.7 -0.8 0.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.9 -1.0
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.8 0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.6
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.8 0.5
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.8 -0.9 -1.2 0.9 -0.8 0.1 1.4 0.5 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.9 3.0 5.4 1.8 -1.7 -2.3 2.0 -1.5 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.7 3.1 5.4 -2.2 1.7 2.1 -1.9 2.3 -1.5 -0.0 -1.7 -1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4
Arm fat mass (right) 0.4 1.7 7.2 -1.7 2.7 1.0 -1.1 1.3 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.9 5.4 7.4 2.6 -2.1 -2.6 2.7 -2.3 2.7 0.6 2.2 2.3
Standing height 3.4 33.6 48.6 6.0 -5.8 -7.0 6.7 -5.8 6.0 -0.7 6.1 5.5
Length of working week for main job 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.8 0.7 1.1 -0.8 0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.7 -1.0 -0.6 0.9 -0.6 1.1 -0.4 1.0 1.1
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.7 -0.5 0.5 -0.7 1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.5
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.8 1.2 2.8 1.7 -1.6 -0.7 1.0 -1.5 0.8 -0.2 0.9 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.5 1.2 3.6 -1.1 0.6 1.6 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 -1.9 -0.6 -0.1
Birth weight of first child 0.4 0.7 4.0 -0.2 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.5 -2.0 0.4 0.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.6 1.5 9.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.9 -0.6 3.1 -0.7 -1.1
Pulse wave reflection index 3.4 4.1 6.8 -2.1 1.7 2.6 -2.3 2.2 -2.1 0.1 -2.2 -1.9
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.6 -1.0 0.7 -0.1 0.4 0.5
Loud music exposure frequency 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 -0.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.4 2.2 3.7 1.9 -1.6 -1.5 1.6 -1.9 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.7 0.9 1.9 -0.9 0.5 1.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.9
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.5 1.9 3.6 -1.9 1.4 1.3 -1.6 1.6 -1.3 -0.2 -1.4 -1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.4 2.3 3.7 1.4 -0.5 -1.9 1.8 -1.8 1.7 -0.4 1.7 1.6
Headache pain in last month 0.3 0.6 2.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.8 0.8 -1.0 0.3 1.4 0.3 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.8 4.0 1.5 -0.8 -2.0 1.7 -1.8 0.8 0.7 1.3 0.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.2 -1.2 0.8 -0.7 -1.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.6 0.9 5.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.9 -0.5 0.3 0.0 -2.3 0.3 0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.4 -1.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.6 0.9 3.5 -0.7 0.5 1.4 -0.9 0.6 -0.2 -1.9 -0.6 0.0
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.1 0.8 0.4 -0.0
Birth weight 1.1 2.5 3.6 1.9 -1.9 -1.9 1.8 -1.6 1.4 1.1 1.4 0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.2 0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.0 3.8 5.9 2.2 -2.2 -2.4 2.2 -1.6 2.0 1.4 1.7 1.5
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.6 8.0 -1.6 2.8 0.7 -0.9 0.9 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.3 8.9 -2.0 3.0 1.3 -1.3 1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.3 6.7 9.1 3.0 -2.2 -2.8 2.9 -2.8 3.0 0.1 2.6 2.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 3.0 3.9 5.4 1.9 -2.2 -2.0 2.1 -2.0 2.3 -0.1 2.1 2.1
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.9 1.4 -0.9 1.2 0.9 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 0.2 -1.0 -1.0
Number of full brothers 1.1 1.4 2.3 1.5 -0.8 -1.4 1.3 -1.4 1.1 0.5 1.2 0.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.1 1.8 3.0 1.4 -1.7 -1.7 1.5 -1.6 1.0 -0.3 1.3 1.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 3.4 4.4 7.4 2.7 -2.2 -1.8 2.2 -2.6 2.1 -0.8 1.9 2.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.2 0.3 1.9 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.4 0.0 0.0
Number of children fathered 4.4 5.0 11.2 -2.3 3.3 1.6 -1.9 2.4 -2.2 1.9 -1.8 -2.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.7 1.1 -0.7 0.8 1.1
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.8 1.6 1.2 -1.2 -1.0 1.1 -0.5 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 5.5 6.4 9.8 2.9 -2.5 -3.0 2.8 -3.1 2.3 -0.2 2.5 2.2
Health satisfaction 2.6 3.3 4.0 1.9 -2.0 -1.3 1.7 -2.0 1.9 -1.5 1.9 2.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.2 -0.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.9 6.1 10.8 3.3 -3.3 -2.1 2.5 -2.4 2.6 -0.3 2.1 2.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.5 0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 1.2 0.2 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.8 0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.9 0.9 -1.1 0.9 -0.9 1.0 1.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 -0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 1.2 2.1 4.7 -1.5 0.9 2.2 -1.8 1.8 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 -0.9
Angina (self-reported) 2.2 2.9 4.0 -1.5 1.7 1.8 -1.9 2.0 -1.5 1.2 -1.7 -1.7
Migraine (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 2.4 -1.1 1.6 0.8 -1.0 1.0 -1.3 1.5 -1.1 -1.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.7 -0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 1.5 2.1 6.9 -1.2 0.1 2.1 -1.5 1.2 -1.0 -2.6 -0.9 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 2.5 3.0 8.1 1.6 -1.0 -1.0 1.4 -1.6 1.6 -2.8 1.9 1.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 2.2 4.3 9.9 2.3 -3.1 -1.5 1.8 -2.1 1.9 -1.3 2.1 1.9
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 1.0 -0.9 0.9 1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.4 1.7 3.1 -1.6 0.5 1.2 -1.5 1.1 -1.3 0.9 -1.8 -1.4
Whole body fat mass 0.2 0.8 4.4 -1.1 2.1 0.3 -0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.2 0.9 5.0 -1.2 2.2 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.4 7.2 10.1 3.1 -2.3 -2.8 3.0 -2.9 3.2 -0.2 2.7 2.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 5.5 0.4 0.7 -2.3 1.4 -1.0 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.4 1.2 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.2
Comparative height size at age 10 2.2 12.2 18.1 3.0 -3.2 -4.3 4.0 -3.4 3.7 -1.8 3.9 3.6
Number of full sisters 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 4.2 6.6 9.3 3.0 -2.9 -2.7 2.8 -3.0 2.4 -0.2 2.5 2.2
Overall health rating 3.2 6.8 8.4 2.8 -2.3 -2.5 2.7 -2.7 2.9 -1.7 2.8 2.8
Chest pain or discomfort 1.0 1.5 2.8 1.3 -1.4 -1.0 1.1 -1.0 1.7 -0.5 1.1 1.4
Had major operations 1.4 1.6 3.5 -1.3 1.6 1.9 -1.3 1.6 -0.9 -0.0 -1.0 -0.8
Age at last live birth 1.7 2.5 3.9 2.0 -1.8 -1.4 1.7 -1.5 1.8 -0.7 1.5 1.6
Family relationship satisfaction 8.2 10.1 12.6 3.2 -3.4 -2.6 3.1 -3.2 3.3 -2.6 3.4 3.5
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.7 3.3 -0.0 -1.3 0.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -1.8 0.6 0.4
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.5 1.8 2.8 -1.6 1.6 1.5 -1.4 1.7 -1.1 0.4 -1.1 -1.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.4 1.7 3.3 -1.8 1.1 1.4 -1.4 1.5 -1.0 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6
Medication: Aspirin 2.7 3.5 5.1 -2.0 1.4 2.3 -2.2 2.2 -2.0 0.2 -1.9 -1.9
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.2 3.3 6.9 -2.2 1.6 2.6 -2.2 2.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 -1.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.4 0.4 2.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -1.6 0.3 0.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 0.6 0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 2.1 2.6 4.0 1.5 -1.0 -1.4 1.7 -1.3 1.9 -1.6 1.8 2.0
Smoking status: Previous 2.8 4.1 6.1 -2.3 1.5 2.5 -2.2 2.2 -2.2 0.6 -2.1 -2.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 3.0 6.3 8.9 2.6 -2.6 -3.0 2.9 -2.4 2.7 0.0 2.7 2.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.5 2.6 4.1 1.8 -1.2 -1.9 1.9 -1.5 2.0 0.7 1.5 1.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.0 -0.7 0.7 -0.3 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.6 6.3 17.6 -3.1 4.2 2.4 -2.5 2.5 -1.9 -0.2 -2.2 -1.7
Average weekly red wine intake 1.0 1.4 4.4 -1.0 0.9 1.8 -1.3 0.9 -0.6 -2.1 -0.9 -0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.1 2.6 1.2 -0.5 -1.6 1.4 -1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6
Mood swings 1.3 2.4 5.3 1.6 -1.0 -2.3 1.8 -1.7 1.6 0.9 1.4 1.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.5 3.8 5.6 1.9 -2.2 -1.7 1.9 -2.4 1.8 -1.7 2.0 2.0
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 -0.3 -1.3 1.2 -1.3 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.8
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.7
Friendships satisfaction 3.8 4.7 5.8 2.2 -2.4 -1.6 2.1 -2.4 2.2 -2.0 2.2 2.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.9 2.9 4.6 1.6 -1.8 -0.6 1.3 -1.3 2.0 -2.1 1.8 2.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.7 1.9 4.7 2.2 -1.3 -1.6 1.4 -2.0 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.1 1.3 2.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.8 1.0 -1.0 1.1 -1.6 1.2 1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.3 2.1 15.7 0.2 -0.0 1.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -4.0 0.3 0.5
Medication for cholesterol 1.4 2.1 3.8 1.9 -1.5 -1.8 1.6 -1.0 1.3 1.6 1.1 0.9
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.9 -1.3 0.5 -0.9 0.8 0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.0 1.3 2.8 -1.7 1.3 1.2 -1.2 1.6 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5
Breast cancer (self-reported) 2.3 2.8 4.5 1.8 -0.4 -2.1 2.0 -1.5 2.1 0.5 1.7 1.8
Asthma (self-reported) 0.5 1.1 2.1 -1.2 0.4 1.0 -1.2 0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -1.2 -1.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 4.0 2.0 -1.0 -1.9 1.6 -1.5 1.8 0.1 1.5 1.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 4.2 -0.8 0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -2.1 -0.1 -0.2
Medication: Aspirin 1.3 1.7 2.9 -1.3 0.7 1.7 -1.6 1.6 -1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -1.3
Medication: Gliclazide 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 -0.7 -1.2 1.1 -1.2 0.7 -0.4 1.0 0.8
Smoking status: Current 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 4.1 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 2.0 -0.3 -0.8
Whole body water mass 0.5 3.1 4.8 2.0 -1.3 -2.0 2.1 -1.6 2.2 0.6 1.7 1.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.7 -0.0 -0.8 0.8 -0.3 1.0 0.8 0.4 0.6
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.6 7.1 -1.6 2.7 1.0 -1.1 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.9 1.6 2.7 -1.3 0.7 1.6 -1.5 1.0 -1.5 -0.5 -1.3 -1.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 0.0
Miserableness 2.9 5.0 8.5 2.4 -2.5 -2.9 2.5 -2.2 2.3 0.6 2.1 1.9
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.9 -1.2 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.4 0.9 0.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.5 -1.2 0.4 0.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.6
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.6 4.1 0.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -2.0 0.2 0.5
Mother’s age at death 1.0 1.3 2.2 -0.6 1.3 0.6 -0.9 0.3 -1.3 1.4 -1.4 -1.5
Financial situation satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.0 0.1 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.3 0.3 1.7 -0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.6 1.9 3.4 1.7 -1.1 -1.9 1.6 -1.7 1.2 0.1 1.3 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.4 3.0 -1.5 1.4 1.4 -1.2 1.0 -0.5 -1.7 -0.8 -0.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.2 -1.0 -1.0 0.9 -1.2 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.7 3.3 -1.8 1.0 1.3 -1.5 1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.4 2.4 -1.4 1.5 1.4 -1.2 1.2 -1.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 1.6 2.4 3.6 1.5 -1.0 -1.8 1.7 -1.9 1.6 -0.8 1.6 1.6
Medication: Lisinopril 0.4 0.5 2.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -1.7 -0.3 -0.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 3.1 3.8 5.3 -2.2 1.8 1.2 -1.6 2.1 -2.1 2.2 -1.7 -2.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.8 0.9 2.2 1.5 -0.3 -1.4 1.0 -1.1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4
Ever smoked 0.5 0.9 2.5 -0.6 0.4 0.8 -0.8 1.2 -0.8 1.6 -0.8 -0.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.4 2.0 3.5 1.5 -0.7 -1.6 1.7 -1.3 1.9 0.5 1.4 1.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.2 5.0 -1.5 2.2 0.8 -0.8 0.6 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.2 6.0 8.7 2.7 -1.9 -2.7 2.8 -2.5 3.0 0.1 2.5 2.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 6.8 10.1 15.6 -3.5 3.1 3.7 -3.5 3.9 -3.0 0.7 -3.2 -2.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0
Irritability 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Risk taking 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.7 -0.5 1.2 -1.3 -0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 5.6 6.5 8.5 2.6 -2.7 -1.9 2.3 -2.5 2.8 -2.4 2.6 2.9
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.1 1.4 3.3 1.1 -1.8 -1.1 1.2 -1.0 1.0 -0.6 1.3 1.0
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.7 0.9 4.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.9 0.5 -2.1 0.7 0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.8 5.6 12.0 -2.8 3.5 2.8 -2.5 2.1 -1.9 -0.9 -2.3 -1.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.0 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.3 0.1 -0.0
Myopia 0.3 0.4 1.8 1.1 -1.4 -0.0 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.1 3.1 7.1 2.1 -1.2 -2.7 2.2 -1.8 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 2.2 3.3 4.6 -2.2 1.9 1.5 -2.0 1.8 -2.1 0.4 -1.8 -2.0
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.9 2.3 6.9 1.4 -0.7 -0.7 1.1 -1.6 1.3 -2.6 1.6 1.6
Pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 2.0 -0.7 0.9 1.0 -1.0 1.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.6
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.9 -0.7 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.1 -0.7 0.8 1.4 -1.2 1.2 -0.5 0.3 -1.0 -0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 3.5 -1.9 1.5 1.3 -1.6 1.6 -1.4 0.0 -1.4 -1.2
Heart disease (siblings) 1.4 1.7 2.2 -0.9 1.4 1.4 -1.3 1.5 -1.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.6 0.6 1.6 -0.5 0.5 1.3 -0.9 0.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 1.1 0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Impedance of whole body 0.4 2.0 4.9 0.9 -1.1 -2.2 1.6 -1.4 1.1 -0.9 1.7 1.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 3.2 -0.9 1.8 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.0 5.0 7.1 2.5 -1.7 -2.5 2.6 -2.2 2.7 0.2 2.3 2.3