Hub : Genes

FAM161B

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0580 0.0240 4.4e-04 0.010 0.028 0.006 0.027 -0.002 1.8e-02 0.00021 5.4e-02 0.00024 9.3e-01
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0570 0.0270 7.0e-03 0.049 NA 0.012 NA 0.028 6.5e-05 NA 3.1e-02 NA 2.1e-03
3 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0703 0.0287 6.1e-04 0.045 NA 0.049 NA 0.063 1.9e-04 NA 9.7e-05 NA 1.0e-05
4 GTEx Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes 0.2080 0.0700 9.7e-05 0.156 NA 0.205 NA 0.206 8.9e-06 NA 2.8e-07 NA 2.7e-07
5 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0710 0.0320 4.1e-03 0.027 NA 0.013 NA 0.029 3.9e-03 NA 3.6e-02 NA 2.9e-03
6 GTEx Small Intestine Terminal Ileum 0.2200 0.0960 3.0e-03 -0.001 NA 0.062 NA 0.042 3.3e-01 NA 1.7e-02 NA 4.3e-02
7 GTEx Testis 0.1540 0.0780 7.4e-03 0.004 NA 0.073 NA 0.002 2.1e-01 NA 3.7e-04 NA 2.5e-01
8 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0342 0.0212 7.7e-03 0.006 0.013 0.003 NA 0.006 6.0e-02 0.01200 1.4e-01 NA 6.8e-02
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0683 0.0369 5.6e-03 0.015 0.023 0.024 NA 0.019 6.7e-03 0.00120 8.0e-04 NA 2.5e-03
10 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0293 0.0175 1.1e-03 0.026 0.019 0.026 NA 0.025 4.8e-04 0.00260 4.9e-04 NA 6.0e-04
11 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0291 0.0179 3.6e-03 0.014 0.023 0.001 NA 0.016 8.1e-03 0.00095 2.5e-01 NA 5.4e-03
12 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0580 0.0350 8.0e-04 0.001 0.029 0.023 NA 0.010 2.2e-01 0.00067 2.3e-03 NA 3.3e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.1 2.7 9.1 0.7 -2.1 -2.2 0.2 -0.8 -2.3 -3.0 -1.5 -1.3 -0.4 -0.8 -1.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.9 2.0 4.4 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.0 1.2 1.0 -1.9 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.2 6.0 -0.5 -1.7 -2.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 2.8 0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 1.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.4 3.0 7.8 0.6 -2.3 -2.3 -0.3 -1.1 -2.4 -2.8 -1.6 -1.6 -0.7 -1.0 -1.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.2 1.5 8.1 1.0 1.4 2.0 -0.0 0.4 2.8 -0.9 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.9 3.6 -1.8 -0.8 -0.4 -1.9 -1.7 0.3 0.2 -1.7 1.3 -1.9 -1.9 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.9 1.0 4.7 2.2 0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.0 1.9 0.4 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 2.2 -1.3 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.7 1.0 1.0 -1.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.6 0.8 2.7 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.6 1.5 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.2
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.1 -1.0 0.5 0.5 -0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 1.0 0.8 0.5 1.1
Major Depression (MDD) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.4
Reaction Time 2.4 4.6 6.6 1.6 2.6 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 -1.7 2.3 1.4 2.3 2.5 2.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.6 1.4 3.5 -0.8 -1.9 -1.8 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.4 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2
Breast Cancer 0.4 1.1 2.2 -0.8 -0.6 0.1 -1.5 -1.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3
Ovarian Cancer 3.6 4.8 9.2 0.8 3.0 1.9 2.3 2.7 1.3 -0.7 2.6 1.0 2.7 2.8 2.5
Prostate Cancer 0.4 0.6 2.9 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.6 -1.7 0.6 -0.4 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.7
Age at First Birth 2.5 3.7 5.9 -2.2 -1.9 -1.6 -2.3 -2.0 -1.9 0.7 -2.3 0.3 -2.3 -2.4 -1.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.8 1.7 7.3 -1.0 -1.6 -2.5 0.1 -0.5 -2.7 -0.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 3.7 5.0 9.4 2.9 2.2 1.1 3.0 3.0 1.0 -1.1 2.2 -0.7 2.9 3.1 1.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.7
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.6 3.1 -0.7 -0.4 -1.7 0.8 0.6 -0.1 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.2
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.3 -0.1 1.2 -1.2 -0.8 1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 4.2 -0.6 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.0 2.1 0.1 -0.0 0.8
LDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 5.0 0.1 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.0 -2.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.6
Lupus 0.3 0.4 3.0 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.0 0.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.2 0.3 2.0 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.0 1.4 5.7 0.0 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -1.4 -2.0 -1.8 2.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.8
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.1 2.9 8.3 0.9 0.9 -0.6 2.9 2.4 -0.5 0.9 1.6 -0.7 2.5 2.5 1.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.6 1.3 7.7 1.1 -1.2 -1.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -2.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 -0.6
Triglycerides 0.6 1.0 2.4 0.6 0.2 -0.1 1.4 1.4 -1.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.2 1.5 1.4 0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.6 0.7 2.7 0.6 0.5 1.4 -0.8 -0.5 1.6 1.1 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 1.4 0.6 0.3 0.9
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.4 2.8 4.9 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.8 2.0 -0.8 1.6 2.2 -0.8 2.0 2.1 1.5
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.8 8.8 -1.6 1.8 1.8 -0.9 -0.2 3.0 -0.9 2.5 -2.4 -0.6 0.3 -1.2
Blood Red Count 0.4 3.6 8.1 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 2.0 1.6 -1.9 -0.9 -2.8 2.6 2.6 1.6 2.4
Blood White Count 1.2 9.2 18.6 4.3 2.4 1.8 3.9 3.6 2.6 -0.3 2.9 -0.5 3.9 3.8 2.9
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 6.3 -1.7 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 1.6 -0.2 -2.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.8
BMI 2.2 12.6 20.1 4.4 3.4 3.1 4.0 4.1 3.2 -2.1 4.0 -1.2 4.2 4.5 3.1
Height 0.5 9.6 29.9 0.4 -0.9 1.9 -5.5 -4.3 1.4 2.2 -1.8 0.8 -5.0 -4.5 -2.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.2 3.3 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.6 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.5 1.5 -1.2 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 1.2 -1.0 -0.8 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.6
Smoking Status 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.0 0.0 -0.3
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.7 1.7 -0.9 1.1 -0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.8
Cardiovascular Disease 1.1 3.8 10.9 2.2 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.9 3.3 -2.2 1.5 -2.0 2.0 2.2 1.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.6 3.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 -0.1 -1.8 -0.4 -0.4 -1.1
Respiratory disease 0.4 0.9 3.7 -0.6 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.6 1.9 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.6 1.2 2.9 1.6 0.5 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 -0.0 1.0 -1.7 1.1 1.1 0.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.9 4.6 10.7 3.3 -1.4 -1.7 2.5 1.7 -2.6 -3.1 -1.5 1.5 2.3 1.4 1.8
Lung FVC 0.5 2.7 12.3 -3.5 -0.5 -2.1 1.1 0.5 -2.6 1.8 -0.9 1.6 0.7 0.2 0.5
Neuroticism 0.2 0.5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.2 1.3 0.5 0.5 1.0
Chronotype (morning person) 1.2 2.9 7.6 0.5 0.1 1.9 -2.2 -1.8 2.8 0.1 0.5 -1.8 -2.4 -1.8 -1.6
Hair Pigment 0.1 4.1 9.5 -1.5 -2.2 -1.5 -1.6 -2.1 -2.4 3.1 -1.9 -1.1 -2.1 -2.3 -2.1
Tanning 0.1 1.0 2.7 0.5 1.5 1.1 -0.3 0.5 0.5 -1.4 1.4 1.6 0.0 0.4 1.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.7 3.1 0.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.7 1.2 1.0 1.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.5 2.8 10.2 0.9 1.8 1.6 0.5 1.1 3.2 -0.2 2.3 -2.7 0.8 1.3 -0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.9 0.3 0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.2 0.3 1.2 1.0 -0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 0.9 -0.0 -0.3 0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.4 0.5 3.3 0.9 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 1.8 0.5 0.2 1.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.6 1.3 5.1 1.5 -0.5 -0.5 1.0 0.5 -2.3 -2.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.9 0.6 0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.7 4.9 -0.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -2.2 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.1 0.6 1.5 -0.3 0.0 1.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.8 0.9 3.1 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 0.3 -0.5 -1.4 0.8 -1.8 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 1.0 0.1 -0.0 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.6 0.6 2.2 0.8 -0.5 -1.5 0.9 0.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.4 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.3
Angina 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.0 1.1 1.2 -0.1 0.4 1.3 -0.4 1.1 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.9 1.1 2.5 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.6 0.3 1.4 -1.6 -1.0 1.5 0.4 0.1 1.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.0 2.7 8.7 1.5 1.2 2.5 0.9 1.1 2.4 -0.9 1.0 -3.0 1.3 1.5 0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.7 2.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.1 -1.5 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.8 0.9 7.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 1.0 -2.7 0.4 0.6 -0.7
Medication: Metformin 1.1 1.5 4.1 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.1 0.8 0.1 1.2 1.1 1.5
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0
Diabetes (mother) 0.8 1.0 6.6 0.5 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.3 -2.6 0.1 -0.9 0.9 0.8 0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.0 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.0 -0.8 1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 5.1 1.3 1.6 2.3 0.7 1.1 1.4 -0.9 1.3 -0.7 0.9 1.1 0.7
Impedance of leg (right) 3.1 14.8 29.7 -3.2 -3.7 -2.5 -5.0 -5.1 0.5 2.5 -3.9 -0.7 -5.4 -5.4 -4.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.1 5.8 15.6 4.0 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.6 1.4 -1.1 2.3 0.1 2.7 2.8 2.3
Trunk fat percentage 0.7 2.8 11.9 3.5 0.8 2.1 0.5 0.7 2.9 0.3 1.1 -2.0 0.9 1.1 0.4
Hand grip strength (right) 0.2 0.5 2.5 0.5 0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.1 1.0 1.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.5 2.2 3.5 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.8 0.5 -0.2 1.3 -0.2 1.8 1.8 1.6
Current tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 2.5 1.6 0.5 0.5 1.4 1.1 0.5 -0.9 0.6 0.0 1.3 1.2 0.9
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.8 2.1 7.0 -2.7 -0.8 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -0.5 1.3 -0.1 -0.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.9
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.6 4.3 -0.6 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 1.3 2.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Fed-up feelings 1.0 1.9 3.8 2.0 1.8 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.3 -1.2 1.3 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.6 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.4
Relative age voice broke 0.6 1.0 3.3 0.8 0.6 0.4 1.3 1.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.8 -0.6 1.2 1.1 0.7
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.7 4.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 1.8 -0.1 0.3 -2.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 1.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.4 1.6 5.5 -0.5 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.9 1.8 -1.5 0.0 2.3 0.7 0.4 1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.9 2.1 3.5 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 1.3 -1.3 -0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.7
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.5 1.8 2.4 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.5 1.5 1.4 -1.5 1.5 -0.8 1.5 1.5 0.9
High blood pressure 0.8 2.3 5.6 1.3 1.2 0.3 1.5 1.6 2.4 -0.9 1.7 -1.8 1.6 1.8 0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.4 2.6 -0.2 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.5 -0.7 -0.5 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.9 1.1 7.4 -0.7 -0.6 -1.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 2.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.7 8.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 -2.9 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 1.5 0.1 1.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 3.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.4 1.2 0.0 0.2 -1.8 -0.7 -0.3 -1.6
Medication: Atenolol 1.7 2.1 7.8 -0.5 1.6 1.5 0.5 0.9 2.8 0.8 2.0 -2.0 0.8 1.2 0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.0 1.7 2.7 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.6 -1.7 -0.8 0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6
Sitting height 0.2 1.7 3.6 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 -1.5 -1.6 0.3 1.3 -1.8 1.9 -1.5 -1.9 -0.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 0.6 -0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6
High blood pressure (mother) 1.2 1.7 5.1 0.5 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.1 2.3 -0.8 1.2 -1.5 1.4 1.6 0.7
Body mass index (BMI) 1.7 7.4 15.2 3.9 2.3 2.7 3.0 3.1 2.2 -1.4 2.4 -1.0 3.3 3.4 2.5
Impedance of leg (left) 2.5 12.2 24.1 -2.9 -3.3 -2.3 -4.6 -4.6 0.3 1.9 -3.4 -0.9 -4.9 -4.9 -3.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.1 5.9 15.9 4.0 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.6 1.4 -1.0 2.4 0.1 2.7 2.9 2.3
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.5 15.8 4.0 1.2 2.7 0.7 1.1 2.7 -0.2 1.2 -1.7 1.2 1.4 0.8
Waist circumference 1.1 3.9 14.1 3.8 1.5 2.3 1.4 1.6 2.4 -1.6 1.5 -1.0 1.8 1.9 1.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.9 2.1 -0.5 -1.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.9 -1.4 1.0 -1.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.6
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.7 2.7 5.1 2.1 0.8 0.0 2.3 2.0 -1.6 -1.0 1.0 1.2 2.2 1.9 1.8
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 2.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.3 2.1 4.0 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.3 2.0 -1.2 1.4 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.5 0.7 2.9 1.0 -0.3 -1.2 0.7 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 1.7 0.8 0.4 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.5 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Had menopause 1.5 1.9 4.1 -1.5 -0.6 0.8 -2.0 -1.7 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.8 -1.6 -1.2
Had other major operations 4.0 4.9 8.4 2.5 2.3 0.9 2.9 2.8 1.3 -1.0 2.3 1.1 2.7 2.8 2.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.6 4.0 -1.6 -0.6 -1.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.9 1.7 -1.3 2.0 -0.5 -0.9 0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.7 2.5 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 1.1 -0.1 -1.6 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.8 1.0 2.3 0.6 1.0 0.2 1.1 1.3 0.2 -1.2 0.4 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.4
Qualifications: None of the above 1.6 3.5 19.9 1.0 1.7 3.6 -0.7 -0.4 4.5 -1.0 1.3 -1.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.2 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.8 1.0 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.5 0.8 2.7 0.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.6 -1.6 1.4 -0.9 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3
Heart attack 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.9 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.6 -0.5 1.0 0.5 1.4 1.3 1.3
Allergy 0.4 1.0 1.7 0.9 -1.2 -0.1 -1.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.9 0.9 0.2 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.4 2.2 3.8 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 0.8 -0.6 1.4 -0.3 1.7 1.7 1.7
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 0.9 3.1 0.5 0.8 1.3 0.1 0.4 1.8 -0.0 1.2 -1.6 0.3 0.6 -0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.6 3.6 1.9 0.6 0.2 1.6 1.5 1.1 -1.9 0.7 0.2 1.5 1.3 1.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.6 -1.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.5 0.7 1.5 0.2 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.7 1.1
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.6
Weight 1.0 5.0 17.5 4.2 2.0 2.9 1.6 2.0 2.3 -1.0 2.0 -0.8 2.0 2.2 1.6
Impedance of arm (right) 1.9 9.0 14.7 -2.2 -2.7 -2.1 -3.7 -3.7 0.2 3.4 -2.2 -2.2 -3.8 -3.7 -3.8
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.1 4.3 13.4 3.7 1.3 2.1 1.6 1.7 2.5 0.1 1.7 -2.7 2.0 2.2 0.9
Trunk fat-free mass 0.4 2.5 7.2 2.7 1.8 2.3 1.2 1.5 0.6 -1.2 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6
Hip circumference 1.0 4.3 15.6 3.9 1.5 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.3 -0.9 1.6 -1.6 2.1 2.2 1.3
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -1.1 -1.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.3 1.9 6.8 1.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.1 2.6 -0.4 1.2 -1.6 1.1 1.3 0.3
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.5 2.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -1.6 -0.5 -0.1 1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 2.1 3.3 6.8 2.3 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.9 2.6 -1.0 2.2 -0.7 1.9 1.9 1.5
Falls in the last year 0.6 0.8 3.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.2 1.7 0.6 1.4 -1.8 0.1 0.4 -0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.6 0.9 2.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 1.0 -1.5 1.0 1.2 0.2
Number of live births 3.5 4.9 7.1 1.6 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.7 1.3 -2.5 2.1 0.8 2.5 2.6 2.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 2.1 7.5 -1.0 -1.3 -2.0 0.0 -0.3 -2.7 1.0 -2.1 2.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.2
Pulse rate 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 1.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 0.2 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.1
Happiness 1.2 1.4 4.0 1.1 -1.1 -1.9 0.1 -0.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.5 2.0 0.1 -0.4 0.4
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.7 2.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.3 1.0 0.8 -1.5 -0.6 1.1 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 2.0 2.3 3.9 1.8 1.4 0.5 2.0 1.8 0.1 -1.7 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.4 0.7 2.2 1.5 0.3 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 0.9 0.7 0.6
Asthma 0.3 0.6 2.7 -1.2 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.6 1.4 -0.6 0.1 0.4 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.5 1.9 3.0 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.7 1.3 -1.2 1.7 -0.1 1.5 1.7 1.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.7 2.2 1.5 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 1.0 1.0 1.0
Depression (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 -0.7 1.3 0.8 -0.2 -1.8 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.0 1.1 7.5 0.6 -0.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.8 2.7 0.7 0.1 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.6 3.4 1.1 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -1.9 0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4
Lung cancer (father) 1.3 1.5 4.7 -0.5 -1.4 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 2.0 -2.2 0.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.8
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.7 2.1 9.4 -0.4 -1.0 -2.0 0.7 0.3 -3.1 0.9 -1.8 2.2 0.5 -0.1 0.8
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.4 0.5 1.7 -1.1 0.0 0.1 -1.3 -0.9 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 1.5 6.8 12.0 -1.8 -2.3 -1.7 -3.4 -3.4 0.3 2.6 -2.0 -1.6 -3.5 -3.4 -3.2
Arm fat mass (right) 1.2 4.9 16.0 4.0 1.8 2.6 1.8 2.1 2.5 -0.3 1.8 -1.6 2.2 2.4 1.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.4 2.6 7.4 2.7 1.8 2.2 1.2 1.5 0.6 -1.3 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6
Standing height 0.3 3.0 9.0 0.7 -0.7 0.7 -3.0 -2.4 -0.2 1.1 -1.2 0.6 -2.8 -2.6 -1.7
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.5 3.0 -0.7 0.7 0.5 -0.1 0.3 1.0 1.7 0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 3.2 3.6 14.1 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.0 -3.8 1.3 0.8 1.6 1.7 1.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.4 2.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.7 -1.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.9 1.5 4.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -1.6 -1.5 2.0 1.5 -0.1 0.3 -1.9 -1.6 -0.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.0 2.5 5.1 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.3 -0.2 0.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.2
Birth weight of first child 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.0 2.3 12.0 -0.1 -1.1 -1.2 0.7 0.2 -3.5 0.2 -2.7 1.9 0.8 -0.1 1.1
Pulse wave reflection index 2.7 3.4 8.1 -2.8 -1.0 -1.3 -2.6 -2.2 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -2.6 -2.3 -2.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.6 -0.7 -1.1 0.2 -1.1 0.5 0.4 -0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 0.9 1.0 3.3 1.7 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.7 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 0.8 1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.6 8.1 -0.8 -1.6 -2.1 0.3 -0.3 -2.9 -1.3 -0.9 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.7 0.8 -0.2 0.5 0.8 1.0 -1.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.8 0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.7 0.7 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.5 3.7 0.9 0.7 0.2 1.4 1.4 -0.3 -1.8 1.2 -1.9 1.4 1.6 0.1
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.7 3.9 0.1 1.6 0.0 1.2 1.5 0.8 -2.0 2.0 0.0 1.5 1.7 0.8
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.5 0.8 3.7 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.9 -0.6 1.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.7 0.5 -1.0 0.9 -0.0 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.8
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -1.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.6 1.2 3.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 -1.9 -1.2 -1.1 -1.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.7 1.0 3.2 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.0 1.0 -1.8 0.7 -0.1 1.2 1.2 1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8
Birth weight 1.3 2.9 6.0 2.0 -0.2 -0.1 2.4 1.9 -2.5 -1.4 -1.1 0.5 2.3 1.7 2.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.6 1.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.8 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.7 -1.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.3 5.0 -1.0 -0.3 -1.6 0.4 0.2 -2.2 1.5 -0.8 1.8 0.2 -0.2 0.5
Body fat percentage 0.8 3.1 12.1 3.5 0.9 2.3 0.6 0.8 3.1 0.0 1.1 -2.1 1.0 1.2 0.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.8 2.9 11.4 3.3 0.7 2.4 0.5 0.7 3.4 -0.3 0.6 -1.7 0.8 0.9 0.8
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.6 3.1 8.1 2.8 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.8 0.7 -1.6 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.8 1.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.4 1.8 3.4 0.8 1.7 1.3 1.6 1.7 0.7 -0.1 1.7 0.3 1.6 1.8 1.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.3 0.7 1.5 -0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.7 -1.2 1.0 1.2 0.1
Number of full brothers 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.7 1.1 4.2 0.2 -1.5 -1.3 -0.0 -0.3 -2.0 1.1 -1.8 0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 1.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.1 3.9 -0.0 1.5 0.9 -0.1 0.3 2.0 -0.6 2.0 -1.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2
Number of children fathered 2.8 3.1 6.3 1.9 1.2 1.1 2.5 2.2 -0.9 -0.8 0.9 0.6 2.5 2.2 2.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.9 1.1 3.0 -0.9 -0.3 0.3 -1.7 -1.4 0.9 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -1.7 -1.5 -0.9
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.8 1.8 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 -1.1 -1.2 -0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4
Health satisfaction 7.0 9.1 14.7 3.0 2.9 1.5 3.8 3.6 0.4 -3.3 2.5 2.8 3.6 3.4 3.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.2 1.4 7.7 1.7 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 1.0 -2.8 1.1 -0.3 0.9 0.8 0.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.7 2.1 12.5 -0.7 -1.5 -2.7 0.8 0.2 -3.5 -0.2 -1.0 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.4 0.5 1.6 -1.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 1.2 0.6 0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9 0.2 1.2 0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 3.9 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.5 -1.7 0.6 -2.0 0.8 0.9 -0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.4 2.4 4.9 -0.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -0.7 2.2 -1.9 1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -0.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.1 1.6 6.2 0.6 1.5 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.8 -2.5 0.9 0.2 0.7 0.8 1.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.7 3.1 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.0 1.1 -1.8 0.5 0.9 0.2
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.1 1.0 1.3 -0.3 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4
Migraine (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.6 0.6 0.8 -1.0 1.5 1.5 -1.1 -1.9 1.5 -0.0 1.2 1.4 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.5 1.7 2.9 1.0 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.6 0.7 -1.1 1.7 0.5 1.4 1.6 1.3
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 1.0 3.1 1.1 0.5 1.8 0.7 0.8 -1.0 -1.3 -0.0 0.4 0.9 0.9 1.0
Medication: Omeprazole 1.7 2.0 3.4 1.7 1.2 0.4 1.8 1.9 0.5 -1.8 1.0 0.1 1.8 1.7 1.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.6 3.1 5.2 0.8 2.3 1.7 1.4 1.9 2.0 -1.6 2.1 0.8 1.8 2.0 2.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.3 0.1 -1.1 0.8 0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.8 0.7 0.7 -0.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.0 15.9 4.0 1.3 2.8 1.2 1.4 2.7 -0.5 1.3 -1.8 1.6 1.7 1.1
Leg fat mass (right) 0.9 3.3 14.0 3.7 1.0 2.4 1.0 1.2 2.7 -0.6 1.0 -1.6 1.4 1.5 1.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.1 9.5 3.1 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.8 0.6 -1.7 1.2 1.1 1.8 1.8 1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.9 6.3 11.6 3.2 1.5 0.5 3.1 2.8 0.4 -3.0 0.6 2.9 3.2 2.5 3.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.8 4.3 8.8 3.0 1.4 2.1 2.8 2.2 1.8 -1.8 1.4 -1.0 2.4 2.3 1.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.9 5.1 14.0 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -3.7 -3.0 0.2 1.5 -0.6 -0.9 -3.6 -3.0 -3.2
Number of full sisters 1.8 2.1 4.7 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.7 0.8 -1.0 1.2 -0.8 1.6 1.8 1.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.7 1.1 2.4 -1.0 -0.5 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.3 -1.5 -0.7 1.0 -1.2 -1.2 -0.7
Overall health rating 4.3 9.3 14.8 3.8 2.8 2.3 3.5 3.7 1.8 -3.8 2.4 -0.9 3.6 3.6 2.7
Chest pain or discomfort 0.9 1.2 2.0 1.3 0.8 0.4 1.1 1.3 1.3 -1.1 1.2 -0.8 1.4 1.4 0.8
Had major operations 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.0 1.2
Age at last live birth 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.4 -1.0 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.7
Family relationship satisfaction 1.9 2.3 8.6 1.5 0.8 -0.2 1.2 1.2 -1.8 -1.8 0.1 2.9 1.3 1.0 2.0
Leg pain on walking 0.8 1.0 4.1 1.5 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.2 -2.0 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.7
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.5 0.5 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 0.7 -1.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.2 1.3 3.7 1.9 1.1 0.4 1.3 1.3 0.8 -0.3 1.5 -0.4 1.2 1.5 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 2.6 3.2 4.9 -1.4 -2.2 -1.5 -1.8 -2.1 -0.9 2.1 -1.9 -0.6 -1.9 -2.1 -2.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.5 0.8 1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.4 0.9 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.6 0.8 1.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 3.3 0.4 0.1 1.0 -1.3 -0.8 1.8 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.8 -0.9
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.7 1.9 6.3 1.3 1.2 0.3 1.2 1.5 2.5 -0.7 1.5 -1.4 1.4 1.6 0.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.2 -0.2 -1.5 -1.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.6 0.8 5.8 0.3 -0.9 -2.4 0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.3 0.9 0.8 0.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.9 1.4 3.3 -0.2 -1.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -0.2 -1.8 -0.0 -1.5 -1.7 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.8 1.7 3.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 -0.8 1.2 -1.1 0.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.4 12.1 3.5 2.2 2.5 1.9 2.2 0.9 -1.2 1.9 0.7 2.2 2.3 2.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.3 7.1 16.5 4.1 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.0 1.1 -1.3 2.7 0.3 3.1 3.3 2.5
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.3 5.3 16.6 4.1 1.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.6 -0.6 2.0 -2.3 2.4 2.6 1.4
Average weekly red wine intake 1.2 1.8 3.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.4 0.3 1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4 -1.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0
Mood swings 1.4 2.6 6.9 2.6 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.3 -1.7 0.7 1.4 1.3 1.4 2.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.6 -0.5 0.4
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.1 1.6 4.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.9 -2.2 0.6 -1.9 1.4 1.5 0.5
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.6 4.5 -0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 -2.1 0.3 0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.5 -0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.3 2.2 5.0 1.9 1.1 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.3 -0.6 1.6 -1.6 1.4 1.5 1.0
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.3 1.4 4.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.1 -1.5 1.3 -2.2 1.4 1.5 0.2
Friendships satisfaction 1.2 1.5 8.8 1.2 0.1 -0.9 0.6 0.5 -1.8 -3.0 0.3 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.8 2.7 16.2 -0.2 -1.4 -2.6 1.6 0.9 -4.0 0.1 -1.1 1.1 1.2 0.6 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.6 1.7 3.6 -1.6 -0.8 0.1 -1.9 -1.7 -0.8 -0.0 -1.1 1.3 -1.8 -1.8 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.9 0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 2.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.0 -1.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1
Medication for cholesterol 0.9 1.4 5.2 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.5 -1.2 -2.3 1.3 -0.2 1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.7 2.0 4.5 -1.8 -0.5 -1.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 1.8 0.3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.1 -2.1
Back pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 4.3 1.2 1.5 2.1 -0.2 0.6 1.6 -0.4 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.9 1.2 6.8 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.9 0.5 0.8 -1.8 0.1 -2.6 0.7 0.8 -0.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.9 2.3 7.3 -0.6 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -2.4 0.6 -2.7 2.4 -0.8 -1.4 0.3
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.6 2.3 -1.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 0.4 1.5 1.3 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.9 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.9 1.2 -0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.3 0.7 1.3 -0.3 0.0 0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Medication: Gliclazide 0.8 0.9 3.8 2.0 0.6 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.1 0.8 0.8 0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.9 1.2 6.5 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.8 1.4 0.9 0.6 1.5
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.7 -0.9 0.8 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.7 1.4 4.1 -2.0 -0.5 -1.8 1.0 0.7 -2.0 0.6 -0.9 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.6
Whole body water mass 0.8 4.7 12.0 3.5 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.3 1.0 -1.3 2.1 0.8 2.3 2.4 2.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.4 7.4 17.4 4.2 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.1 1.1 -1.4 2.7 0.4 3.2 3.3 2.6
Arm fat mass (left) 1.4 5.6 17.4 4.2 1.9 2.6 2.0 2.2 2.6 -0.8 2.1 -1.7 2.4 2.6 1.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.9 1.6 5.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.7 1.1 -2.2 1.5 1.7 0.5
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 4.7 6.5 12.8 1.5 2.4 1.7 3.4 3.3 -1.8 -0.7 1.4 2.2 3.5 3.1 3.6
Miserableness 2.0 3.5 6.8 2.6 1.6 1.3 2.2 2.3 -0.7 -1.8 1.1 0.7 2.2 2.2 2.4
Guilty feelings 0.6 0.9 1.9 0.9 -0.6 1.1 -1.0 -1.2 0.4 0.4 -1.2 0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.0 1.2 2.3 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.4 0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.8 1.4 1.4 1.5
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.5 2.2 -0.5 1.5 1.0 -0.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.3 0.6
Hearing aid user 2.0 2.3 4.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.7 0.6 -0.3 1.4 0.9 2.0 1.8 2.0
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 3.6 0.1 -1.6 0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 0.6 -1.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.3 1.7 -0.9 0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.6 -0.0 -0.7 1.1 0.7 -1.1 -0.0 -0.4 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.6 4.3 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.5 1.4 2.1 -1.8 0.8 -1.0 1.4 1.3 0.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.5 3.1 8.5 2.9 1.5 1.0 2.2 2.2 0.9 -1.1 1.8 0.2 2.1 2.0 1.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.9 1.2 9.7 -0.0 0.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 1.1 0.1 3.1 -0.3 -0.4 1.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.5 0.9 2.6 -0.5 -1.0 0.3 -1.2 -1.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.6 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.4 2.7 -0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.2 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.8 -0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.4 3.0 0.7 1.0 0.6 1.4 1.3 -0.3 -1.7 1.4 -1.4 1.4 1.5 0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 1.2 1.6 4.2 -0.1 -1.4 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.7 2.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 3.4 -0.0 -1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -1.9 -0.7 -0.8 -1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.4 2.8 5.9 2.1 1.1 0.9 2.4 2.2 -0.7 -1.8 0.6 1.0 2.2 1.9 1.9
Ever smoked 0.2 0.4 2.6 1.6 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -1.1 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Basal metabolic rate 0.9 4.8 14.4 3.8 2.2 2.6 2.0 2.3 1.4 -1.1 2.0 0.3 2.3 2.4 2.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.0 3.7 13.0 3.6 1.2 2.7 1.0 1.2 3.2 -0.7 1.1 -1.7 1.3 1.5 1.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.8 3.8 11.1 3.3 2.0 2.5 1.6 1.9 1.5 -1.2 1.8 0.8 1.8 1.9 2.0
Number of operations (self-reported) 4.2 6.2 13.3 2.9 2.2 0.9 3.6 3.2 -0.2 -0.9 2.3 1.1 3.3 3.2 2.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.5 2.7 1.0 0.9 1.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8
Irritability 0.4 0.7 6.1 0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 2.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.9
Risk taking 0.8 1.1 3.9 -0.4 1.1 0.9 -1.2 -0.4 1.9 2.0 0.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 2.4 3.1 7.5 1.7 1.9 2.7 1.6 1.6 0.6 -2.6 1.1 -0.1 1.7 1.8 1.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.0
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.1 3.3 5.9 -2.4 -1.4 -1.2 -2.4 -2.2 0.2 1.2 -2.2 0.9 -2.2 -2.4 -1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.8 1.0 4.0 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.8 -0.2 -2.0 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.8 1.0 2.9 1.7 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.1 1.0 1.0 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.3 0.3 1.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.7 1.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.0 0.1 -0.5
Myopia 0.9 1.3 2.6 -1.0 -0.4 0.5 -1.6 -1.3 -1.5 1.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.9 2.6 6.0 -1.4 -1.5 -0.5 -1.5 -1.8 -2.4 0.9 -2.1 1.8 -1.6 -1.9 -0.7
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.4 2.3 -0.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 1.5 -1.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 -0.0
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.8 1.1 -1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.8 0.7
Pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.5 6.6 -0.9 -1.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.7 -2.6 1.5 -1.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2
Supplements: Calcium 1.2 1.3 2.6 -1.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.3 -1.2 -0.4 0.4 -1.2 1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 6.1 -0.2 -1.1 -1.7 0.8 0.3 -2.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.5
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 3.3 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.7 -0.4 1.1 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 -0.3 0.6 -0.8 0.9 0.9 0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 1.2 1.5 2.7 1.0 1.1 -0.1 1.6 1.6 0.6 -1.6 1.4 -0.8 1.5 1.6 0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.1 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 0.6 0.6 0.1
Pack years of smoking 1.3 1.9 6.3 1.4 1.8 2.5 0.8 1.2 1.5 -1.0 1.5 -0.7 0.9 1.2 0.8
Impedance of whole body 2.0 10.3 19.6 -2.5 -2.9 -2.0 -4.3 -4.2 0.4 2.6 -2.9 -1.2 -4.4 -4.4 -3.7
Leg fat mass (left) 1.0 3.9 15.6 4.0 1.3 2.7 1.3 1.5 2.5 -0.7 1.2 -1.5 1.7 1.8 1.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.8 4.0 10.7 3.3 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.1 1.4 -1.4 1.8 0.8 2.0 2.1 2.0