Hub : Genes

FGD4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1200 0.0280 8.4e-11 0.076 0.096 0.107 0.095 0.108 1.4e-09 1.1e-11 5.5e-13 1.3e-11 5.0e-13
2 GTEx Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia 0.2940 0.0910 1.6e-03 0.052 NA 0.046 NA 0.051 1.6e-02 NA 2.2e-02 NA 1.8e-02
3 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1050 0.0440 8.3e-03 0.129 NA 0.111 NA 0.122 5.8e-09 NA 7.0e-08 NA 1.5e-08
4 GTEx Heart Left Ventricle 0.1869 0.0649 4.0e-03 0.028 NA 0.046 NA 0.029 1.2e-02 NA 1.7e-03 NA 1.0e-02
5 GTEx Lung 0.0824 0.0330 2.8e-03 0.050 NA 0.038 NA 0.025 1.1e-04 NA 6.4e-04 NA 4.6e-03
6 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1110 0.0420 2.5e-03 0.000 NA 0.017 NA 0.008 3.1e-01 NA 1.3e-02 NA 6.4e-02
7 GTEx Thyroid 0.1240 0.0470 2.6e-03 0.013 NA 0.035 NA 0.054 3.3e-02 NA 1.0e-03 NA 5.6e-05
8 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0525 0.0198 1.0e-03 0.030 0.008 0.026 0.011 0.026 9.1e-05 2.6e-02 2.2e-04 1.1e-02 2.0e-04
9 YFS Blood 0.0253 0.0103 6.4e-04 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.009 8.4e-04 1.3e-03 1.8e-03 8.3e-04 5.6e-04
10 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.2228 0.0506 1.5e-09 0.095 0.071 0.105 NA 0.102 9.8e-19 2.0e-14 8.3e-21 NA 3.7e-20
11 TCGA Esophageal Carcinoma 0.2280 0.0830 1.1e-03 0.047 0.040 0.008 NA 0.077 1.3e-02 2.0e-02 1.7e-01 NA 2.0e-03
12 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.1788 0.0625 1.5e-06 0.038 0.073 0.080 NA 0.086 3.9e-05 1.4e-08 2.5e-09 NA 7.3e-10
13 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.3110 0.0760 2.1e-07 0.151 0.122 0.173 NA 0.158 1.5e-14 6.3e-12 1.5e-16 NA 3.8e-15

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.6 2.6 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.7 0.7 -0.3 1.6 -0.1 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.2 0.5 2.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.7 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.0 -0.3 0.8 0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 2.7 5.8 19.2 -0.5 -0.2 -4.4 1.1 -0.5 -2.4 -1.4 0.0 -2.7 -4.1 1.1 -2.7 -3.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.6 0.9 2.4 -1.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0 -0.4 -1.1 -0.4 -1.0 0.8 -1.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.4 5.8 1.4 -0.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 2.4 -1.7 0.8 -1.3 -0.2 1.4 0.7 -0.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.9 4.6 16.5 -1.5 -0.4 -3.4 -0.3 -0.2 -2.6 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -4.1 0.6 -2.6 -3.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.6 2.4 -0.6 -1.3 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.0 1.3 6.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 1.2 -2.5 -0.2 -2.0 -0.4 0.5 0.2 -1.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.8 6.8 -0.8 -0.2 -1.9 -0.4 -0.6 -1.2 -1.4 -1.0 0.0 -2.6 0.5 -1.4 -2.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.8 0.9 2.9 -1.0 -1.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -1.1 0.6 0.7 -0.3 1.2 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 1.8 -1.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 -0.8 0.5 -1.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.0 1.4 4.3 -1.5 -2.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 0.4 -1.5 0.8 -0.1 -1.2 1.2 -1.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 0.5 0.3 -1.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.4 0.9 3.2 0.4 -0.4 -1.7 0.1 0.3 -1.0 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.8 -0.2 -1.2 -1.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 1.0 3.2 0.7 0.4 -1.1 0.8 0.2 -1.3 0.2 1.1 0.0 -1.7 -0.1 -1.8 -1.0
Major Depression (MDD) 0.5 0.7 3.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 -0.3 -2.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 0.6 0.0 0.4
Reaction Time 1.4 2.7 7.3 0.9 0.7 2.5 0.1 1.1 0.3 2.6 1.0 2.3 2.7 0.6 0.9 2.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.8 1.8 5.6 1.4 1.0 -1.6 0.1 -0.2 2.1 -1.5 1.0 -2.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.9 -1.3
Breast Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.2 -1.0 0.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.8
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.4 0.6 3.0 0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 1.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 1.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.5 0.7 2.1 -0.2 0.5 1.5 -1.0 -0.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 1.2 -0.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.3 1.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.8 1.2 3.2 -1.0 -1.7 -0.3 -1.6 -1.6 0.3 -0.6 -1.8 -0.0 -0.8 0.7 0.9 -1.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.0
Fasting Glucose 1.6 1.9 4.7 1.5 0.8 -1.6 1.5 0.6 -1.2 -0.5 1.9 1.6 -1.0 1.5 -2.2 -0.9
HbA1C 0.6 0.6 2.1 0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.4 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.7 1.4 -0.2 0.4
HDL Cholesterol 1.4 2.3 6.5 2.5 1.9 -0.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 0.3 1.6 -2.2 -0.5 -0.3 -1.7 -0.7
LDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 2.2 -1.5 -0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 -1.2 0.8 -0.3 0.8 0.1 0.1
Lupus 0.4 0.6 2.8 -0.0 1.7 1.0 1.2 -1.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.3
Neuroticism (2016) 1.8 2.5 8.2 -0.7 0.1 -1.9 1.0 0.2 -2.1 -1.4 -0.6 -0.8 -2.9 1.7 -2.5 -1.9
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.9 1.3 3.6 -1.1 -0.5 1.9 -0.3 -1.1 0.5 0.6 -0.6 1.0 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.0 1.4 3.6 -1.9 -0.4 1.4 -1.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.8 -1.5 1.2 0.3 -1.9 -0.0 0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.9 0.7 1.1 -0.7 -0.5 -1.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.1
Triglycerides 0.4 0.6 3.4 -1.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.9 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.9 1.1 3.0 -0.5 0.4 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.7
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 2.6 -0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.8
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.9 3.0 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -1.7 0.8 -0.9 1.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5
Blood Platelet Count 0.9 10.5 28.1 -2.5 -0.7 -4.3 0.7 -4.1 -5.3 -2.8 -2.0 -0.7 -5.1 1.1 -3.6 -3.6
Blood Red Count 0.3 2.6 7.1 -2.7 -2.5 -0.3 -1.6 -1.4 -0.9 0.8 -2.4 1.9 -0.3 1.8 1.1 0.7
Blood White Count 0.2 1.6 5.1 0.3 0.6 -1.3 1.4 -1.0 -1.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 -1.9 -0.1 -2.3 -1.6
Heel T-Score 0.0 0.4 1.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 -0.1
BMI 1.3 7.7 26.6 -2.5 -3.2 2.9 -2.3 -0.3 -0.8 2.0 -2.2 5.2 3.8 0.1 3.1 2.9
Height 0.2 2.9 12.5 1.7 1.4 -0.3 -0.1 1.7 1.6 2.7 1.8 1.4 0.7 -3.5 -1.3 0.6
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.1 4.8 14.9 1.3 -0.3 -3.9 1.7 -2.0 1.1 -2.7 -0.0 -2.8 -2.7 0.9 -1.8 -3.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.1 5.3 24.3 -2.8 -2.8 -0.8 -1.8 -3.0 -0.9 -1.0 -3.1 0.5 0.1 4.9 2.0 -0.6
Smoking Status 0.4 0.9 2.4 1.5 1.0 0.8 1.5 1.1 0.4 0.9 1.0 -0.1 0.1 -1.1 -0.5 0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.5 1.3 3.5 1.7 1.1 -0.8 1.2 -0.3 1.5 -1.8 0.7 -1.9 -0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.0 6.9 -2.6 -2.6 0.5 -1.2 -1.4 -2.0 0.7 -1.9 2.3 0.6 2.6 1.0 0.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.5 1.1 5.4 -0.0 -0.5 2.3 -0.7 0.3 1.5 1.4 -0.0 -0.1 1.5 -0.4 1.0 1.0
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.4 3.7 1.3 1.9 -0.9 1.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.5 1.4 -1.5 -0.9 0.2 -1.3 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.1 2.1 6.2 0.1 -0.5 1.6 -0.5 -0.1 2.0 0.9 0.1 1.6 2.5 1.6 2.1 2.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 1.1 3.2 0.6 0.4 1.4 -1.3 0.6 0.4 1.2 0.8 1.8 1.3 -0.2 0.6 1.5
Lung FVC 0.5 2.8 12.0 0.7 0.5 -1.9 2.0 -0.1 0.1 -2.2 0.8 -3.5 -2.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4
Neuroticism 2.4 5.8 22.4 -0.5 0.1 -3.9 1.0 0.4 -2.8 -0.9 -0.2 -1.1 -4.7 1.0 -3.4 -3.8
Chronotype (morning person) 0.3 0.8 3.5 -1.0 -1.9 0.3 -0.9 0.4 -1.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.8 0.1 1.0 0.5
Hair Pigment 0.0 1.3 2.9 1.6 -0.1 -1.5 1.1 1.2 -0.6 -0.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.0 1.2 -1.3 -1.7
Tanning 0.1 0.8 3.6 0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.2 1.1 -1.9 -0.5 0.3 0.6 -1.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.7
Hand grip strength (left) 1.3 3.5 10.3 1.1 -0.2 -3.2 1.8 -0.9 1.7 -1.3 0.1 -2.9 -2.1 -0.4 -1.6 -3.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.5 0.9 4.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 0.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.0 -0.0 -0.8 -0.6 2.1 -0.5 -0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 1.0 1.2 3.2 -1.8 -1.3 1.0 -0.9 0.3 -1.5 1.4 -1.2 1.4 0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.8
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.8 1.4 3.8 -1.9 -1.6 -0.4 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -0.6 -1.9 1.2 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 3.5 -1.9 -1.0 -0.9 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -0.5 -1.3 1.1 -1.4 0.9 -0.1 -1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.8 2.7 8.7 -0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.5 2.0 -1.1 2.4 0.6 2.9 1.7 -1.8 -0.3 2.4
Relative age of first facial hair 1.1 2.3 8.8 2.4 2.3 -1.2 1.5 0.3 1.9 -0.1 3.0 -1.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.8 1.1 3.8 1.5 1.8 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.3 1.9 -0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.9 0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.0 1.3 2.8 1.1 -0.4 -1.7 1.6 -1.1 -0.4 -1.4 0.4 -1.6 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.5 1.4 1.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.2 1.2 -0.0 -0.0 1.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 3.0 7.7 -2.3 -2.5 -0.9 -2.0 -2.2 -0.8 -1.5 -2.8 0.8 0.4 1.6 2.0 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.8 0.8 6.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.0 0.3 0.0 1.6 0.3 -2.5 0.2 -0.4
Angina 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1 0.9 0.0 1.4 0.1 -1.5 -0.3 0.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.6 -0.0 0.9
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.6 0.8 2.8 -0.2 -0.7 1.4 -0.8 0.1 -1.6 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.9 -1.7 0.1 0.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.0 1.1 3.4 0.5 0.4 -0.8 1.8 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 -1.3 -1.6 -0.3 -1.8 -1.2
Medication: Co-codamol 1.0 1.1 3.8 -1.5 -1.9 0.4 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 0.5 1.0 -0.8
Medication: Metformin 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -1.2 1.0 0.0 -0.4 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.0
Diabetes (father) 1.1 1.4 4.4 -2.1 -0.7 0.2 -1.9 0.1 -1.7 0.1 -1.1 2.1 -0.7 0.3 0.6 0.3
Diabetes (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 1.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.4 1.7 0.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.2 0.4 2.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.5 -1.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.0 0.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.7 3.5 14.7 0.8 1.2 -2.6 1.2 -0.0 0.4 -1.3 0.8 -3.8 -2.9 0.4 -2.2 -2.3
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.3 6.7 29.2 -2.1 -2.7 2.3 -3.1 -0.6 -0.7 2.4 -1.9 5.4 3.3 -0.7 2.4 2.0
Trunk fat percentage 1.1 4.5 11.3 -3.2 -3.3 0.1 -2.9 -2.0 -1.1 0.2 -3.4 2.6 1.2 1.2 1.7 0.5
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.0 6.1 1.1 0.2 -2.2 1.2 -1.2 2.1 -1.0 0.7 -1.9 -1.1 0.1 -0.8 -2.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 3.7 5.2 10.8 -2.8 -3.0 2.7 -1.5 -2.4 -1.8 -0.4 -3.3 3.0 2.2 -0.2 2.3 1.5
Current tobacco smoking 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.8
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.0 1.2 2.9 0.3 0.8 -1.6 0.8 0.8 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 -1.7 -1.6 -0.3 -1.7 -1.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.9 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.4 -1.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4
Fed-up feelings 1.9 3.5 10.1 0.4 -0.1 -3.2 -0.0 -0.3 -2.1 -1.4 0.9 -2.2 -2.9 0.9 -2.0 -3.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.7 2.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -1.5 -1.0 -0.0 0.3 -1.1 1.1 -0.7 -0.9
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.5 2.5 0.4 1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -1.0 1.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.8 -0.9 0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.1 2.7 8.2 1.7 0.2 -1.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 -1.0 1.2 -2.1 -2.1 -0.9 -2.9 -2.6
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 -0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.1 2.7 1.6 0.6 -1.2 0.4 1.0 -0.5 -1.3 1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -1.6 -1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.5 1.6 5.2 -0.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.6 0.6 2.3 0.0 1.0 1.0 -2.0 0.1 1.7
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.7 3.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.5 0.6 -1.8 0.4 -0.5 1.3 0.3 0.4 -0.8 0.1
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 1.8 1.0 1.3 0.6 0.2 1.0 0.8 -0.5 1.3 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.6
High blood pressure 0.8 2.3 10.8 -1.6 -2.5 0.6 -1.4 -0.2 -1.6 0.8 -1.1 1.8 0.6 3.3 1.0 0.3
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.5 1.0 3.7 1.4 0.2 -0.5 0.8 -0.3 1.2 -1.6 0.5 -1.4 -0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.6
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.7 0.2 -1.0 1.0 0.1 -0.6 1.3 -0.5 1.5 0.5 -0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.8 0.1 1.0 -0.3 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.5 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 1.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.7 1.0 1.0 -0.4 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 -1.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.8 3.0 -1.1 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2 0.2 -1.1 1.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.6 1.1 -0.0 -0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.3 1.9 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.6 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.0 0.2
Sitting height 0.6 4.3 17.2 -1.3 0.2 2.4 -1.9 0.7 -0.2 3.1 -0.6 4.2 2.1 -1.8 0.7 3.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.6 1.8 6.0 -0.8 -1.6 1.5 0.4 -0.3 0.7 1.4 -0.8 1.2 2.4 -1.0 2.1 1.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.8 1.1 3.6 1.3 0.1 -1.0 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.5 -1.0 -0.9 1.9 -0.9 -1.3
Body mass index (BMI) 2.0 8.5 20.9 -3.4 -4.1 2.3 -3.5 -1.7 -1.4 1.0 -3.3 4.6 3.2 0.8 3.3 2.0
Impedance of leg (left) 1.0 4.7 17.7 1.2 2.1 -2.8 1.8 -0.1 0.5 -1.2 1.3 -4.2 -3.2 0.4 -2.7 -2.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.3 6.9 29.8 -2.1 -2.7 2.4 -3.1 -0.6 -0.7 2.4 -2.0 5.5 3.4 -0.7 2.4 2.1
Trunk fat mass 1.4 5.9 15.5 -3.2 -3.4 1.0 -3.3 -1.7 -1.0 1.1 -3.1 3.9 2.3 0.7 2.2 1.3
Waist circumference 1.2 4.6 12.9 -2.8 -3.6 0.5 -2.4 -2.0 -1.0 0.5 -2.8 3.3 1.7 0.6 2.1 0.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.2 0.4 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 1.7 -0.9 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.9 0.7 -0.7 0.0
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.8 1.3 5.7 0.9 1.8 -0.2 0.2 2.4 0.8 1.1 1.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 0.2
Nervous feelings 0.7 1.3 3.1 -1.7 -1.3 0.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.1 -0.4 -1.6 1.8 -0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.3
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.7 4.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.8 -1.2 -0.3 -2.1 -1.2 -1.4 0.3 -1.6 0.5 -0.1 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.8 1.3 4.6 1.5 0.9 0.2 0.3 2.1 -0.6 1.3 1.8 1.2 0.8 -0.7 -1.3 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.2 1.6 7.2 0.9 0.5 -1.4 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 0.5 -1.3 -1.9 -0.4 -1.8 -2.7
Had menopause 0.7 0.8 2.9 -0.3 0.0 -1.2 0.9 -1.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.7 -1.2 -1.5 -0.4 -0.7
Had other major operations 0.6 0.7 2.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 -1.3 1.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.6 2.5 6.4 1.7 0.9 -1.8 1.7 1.0 1.3 -0.9 1.5 -2.5 -1.8 -0.3 -1.9 -1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.4 1.0 3.9 0.9 -0.1 -1.1 0.0 1.1 -2.0 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.9 -0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.0 1.3 6.0 0.0 -0.0 -1.5 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 -2.5 -0.4 -1.5 -1.3 1.7 -0.7 0.3
Qualifications: None of the above 1.3 2.7 5.4 -2.2 -2.1 0.7 -0.4 -2.0 -2.1 1.7 -2.0 2.3 0.3 -1.9 0.3 -0.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.4 0.6 3.1 0.9 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 0.5 -1.8 -1.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.7 2.6 9.6 0.8 1.7 2.4 0.2 0.5 3.1 0.1 1.1 0.3 2.5 -0.3 1.5 2.0
Heart attack 0.8 1.1 3.8 -0.8 -0.8 1.5 -1.5 -0.9 -0.8 0.8 -0.2 2.0 1.1 -0.1 0.4 0.9
Allergy 0.3 0.6 3.0 -0.9 0.1 0.4 -0.9 0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.2 0.8 0.7 -1.0 0.8 0.4
Pain all over the body in last month 1.4 1.5 3.6 -1.0 -1.8 -0.9 -1.3 -1.8 -0.7 -1.9 -1.7 0.0 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -1.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.0 1.5 4.8 0.9 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 2.2 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.2 -0.9 -0.7
Medication: Ramipril 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.5 -0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 1.0 1.5 0.3 1.6
Medication: Simvastatin 1.9 2.8 7.5 -1.9 -1.3 2.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 1.3 -1.0 2.7 1.8 -0.4 1.9 2.3
Fluid intelligence score 0.8 1.6 6.3 0.9 0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 2.0 -2.5 0.5 -2.2 -0.9 0.2 -0.2 -1.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.8 1.1 3.4 -0.3 0.6 1.6 -1.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 1.5 0.9 -1.4 0.8 1.1
Neuroticism score 2.8 5.9 20.7 -0.5 -0.2 -3.7 0.4 -0.4 -2.6 -2.3 -0.4 -1.5 -4.5 1.2 -3.2 -3.9
Weight 1.8 9.0 31.7 -3.2 -3.5 2.4 -3.8 -1.2 -1.3 2.4 -2.8 5.6 3.6 -0.2 2.9 2.3
Impedance of arm (right) 1.2 5.6 19.7 2.2 2.3 -3.1 2.4 0.4 1.0 -2.0 1.4 -4.4 -2.9 0.6 -2.9 -2.0
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.6 6.1 16.8 -3.1 -4.1 0.9 -3.1 -1.9 -1.6 -0.3 -3.5 3.1 2.1 1.8 2.3 1.2
Trunk fat-free mass 1.0 5.8 28.2 -1.5 -1.7 2.2 -3.0 -0.4 -0.5 2.6 -0.8 5.3 3.2 -1.2 2.1 2.1
Hip circumference 1.9 8.2 22.7 -4.1 -3.7 1.8 -4.0 -1.4 -2.0 1.7 -3.2 4.8 2.5 -0.5 2.6 1.7
Time employed in main current job 0.5 0.5 3.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 1.3 0.1 -1.8 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.8 3.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.2 -1.4 1.1 -0.5 1.9 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.1
Father’s age at death 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -1.1 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -1.0 0.6 0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.7 1.3 5.1 0.1 0.7 -1.3 0.7 0.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.3 -0.1 -2.2 1.2 -1.6 -1.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.6 2.6 5.8 0.1 -0.3 -1.9 0.4 -0.6 -2.4 -2.3 0.3 -1.1 -2.4 1.9 -1.4 -2.3
Falls in the last year 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.0 0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.0 1.5 5.2 -0.0 0.4 1.4 -1.3 1.2 -0.5 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.8 -1.8 0.4 2.3
Number of live births 2.8 3.9 13.2 -0.6 0.4 3.6 -0.5 -0.3 1.4 2.3 -0.1 2.6 2.9 -0.4 2.5 2.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 1.9 3.7 1.9 1.1 -1.4 1.2 1.2 1.7 -0.6 1.8 -1.9 -1.3 0.2 -1.3 -1.1
Pulse rate 1.3 2.2 7.6 0.5 0.7 -1.3 0.9 2.8 -2.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.0
Happiness 1.1 1.3 4.2 1.0 2.1 -0.2 1.5 1.2 0.4 1.3 1.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1
Noisy workplace 1.1 1.3 8.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -2.0 0.8 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 -2.8 -1.4 -0.0
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.7 2.7 -0.0 1.1 -1.0 0.2 1.0 0.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 -1.6 0.4 -1.5 -0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.4 1.6 4.7 -1.9 -2.2 0.2 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.9 -2.1 0.7 -0.2 1.5 0.3 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.2 4.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.5 0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -2.0
Asthma 1.0 1.9 5.0 1.1 0.4 -1.6 1.3 0.6 -1.9 -1.7 0.5 -1.5 -1.7 -0.4 -2.2 -1.4
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.6 0.8 3.5 0.6 0.1 -0.7 1.9 0.1 -1.1 -0.8 0.7 -0.4 -1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 2.0 3.1 10.2 -0.7 0.7 3.2 -0.9 -1.4 1.1 0.7 -0.0 2.9 2.1 -0.1 1.8 2.8
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 3.4 -0.5 -1.8 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.9 1.1 -0.5 0.8 0.9
Prospective memory result 2.1 2.6 11.1 -1.2 0.0 1.3 0.7 1.5 -2.0 3.3 -0.1 3.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 1.3
Lung cancer (father) 1.4 1.7 3.0 -1.6 -1.1 -1.4 -0.6 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -0.6 -1.4 1.0 -0.7 -1.2
Illnesses of mother 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.7 -0.1 1.0 -0.3 -1.5 0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.1 1.0 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.2 2.8 1.3 1.4 -0.7 0.4 1.5 1.6 0.3 1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.9 1.1 3.9 0.9 0.2 -0.6 0.8 1.3 -0.9 0.4 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -2.0 -1.9 0.3
Impedance of arm (left) 1.1 5.1 17.0 1.9 2.1 -3.1 2.4 0.3 1.3 -2.0 1.1 -4.1 -2.9 0.7 -2.4 -2.1
Arm fat mass (right) 2.1 8.9 22.3 -3.5 -4.3 1.9 -3.8 -1.9 -1.5 0.9 -3.6 4.7 3.1 1.0 3.0 2.0
Trunk predicted mass 1.0 5.6 27.6 -1.5 -1.7 2.2 -3.0 -0.5 -0.6 2.4 -0.8 5.3 3.2 -1.1 2.1 2.0
Standing height 0.2 1.9 8.4 0.1 0.8 0.1 -1.0 0.8 0.3 2.9 0.6 2.5 0.9 -2.3 -0.6 0.7
Length of working week for main job 2.6 2.9 8.2 1.2 0.8 2.6 0.2 2.3 1.0 2.3 0.8 1.7 2.1 -0.6 1.0 2.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.8 0.9 4.6 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -2.1 0.6 -0.6 1.5 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 0.7
Breastfed as a baby 2.2 2.8 15.2 0.4 0.5 2.1 -1.3 2.3 0.2 3.9 1.1 1.3 1.7 -1.1 0.3 1.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.9 1.5 5.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.7 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -1.5 -0.6 -1.3 -2.2 0.2 -1.3 -2.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.6 2.5 6.9 -0.1 -0.1 -2.5 0.8 -1.8 -1.3 -2.5 -0.2 -1.3 -2.6 -0.2 -1.8 -1.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.3 3.3 11.4 -2.9 -2.0 -0.4 -1.5 -3.4 0.1 -1.6 -3.0 0.5 -0.0 0.9 1.9 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 3.0 1.2 1.7 0.4 1.2 -0.2 1.0 -1.2 1.2 -1.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.8 5.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.2 0.1 2.4 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 1.0 0.5 -0.6
Pulse wave reflection index 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.6 -1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.8 1.2 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 2.1 0.8 1.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.7 1.4 -1.0 -0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.8 1.3 2.7 1.5 1.4 -0.3 0.8 1.6 1.6 0.5 1.5 -1.5 -0.4 1.4 -0.2 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.3 1.7 5.2 -1.5 -2.2 -0.6 -2.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.0 -1.7 0.6 -0.2 2.3 0.3 0.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.0 1.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 2.6 4.3 13.6 1.3 0.7 -3.2 1.6 -0.3 -0.8 -2.2 0.8 -2.1 -2.8 2.2 -2.0 -3.7
Headache pain in last month 0.7 1.2 5.6 1.0 0.9 -0.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.0 -1.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.9 2.4 -0.8 -1.5
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.2 1.9 4.4 1.0 -0.2 -1.9 1.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -1.8 -1.7 -2.1 -1.8 -2.0
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.4 1.0 -0.7 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.5 -0.9 -0.4
Gout (self-reported) 1.4 2.0 7.4 1.7 1.1 -0.6 2.7 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.7 3.1 -0.1 -0.5 1.8 -0.9 0.3 0.9 1.3 0.0 -0.2 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.9
Medication: Amlodipine 1.1 1.5 7.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 1.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.6 1.4 2.7 2.1 1.0
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 3.3 0.2 -0.7 1.1 0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.8 0.0 0.4 1.8
Birth weight 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.0 2.6 0.9 1.3 -0.6 0.7 1.2 0.8 0.1 1.3 -1.0 -1.4 -0.5 -1.6 -0.5
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.1 12.4 -3.2 -3.5 0.7 -3.0 -1.9 -1.1 0.4 -3.3 2.9 1.9 1.2 2.1 0.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.5 5.6 15.9 -3.1 -4.0 1.3 -3.0 -1.8 -1.1 0.4 -3.0 2.9 2.4 0.8 2.6 1.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.5 7.7 31.7 -2.7 -2.6 2.4 -3.6 -1.1 -0.8 2.8 -2.0 5.6 3.3 -0.8 2.8 1.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.6 0.8 3.1 -0.9 -1.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.3 -1.8 -1.1 -1.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.5 1.3 3.5 -0.9 -1.9 1.2 -1.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.5 -0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.4 0.9
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 5.0 -0.0 -0.8 -0.8 1.5 -1.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.3 -2.2 -1.0 -0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.7 2.9 10.8 -0.2 1.1 -2.1 -0.0 1.8 -1.5 0.5 0.7 -0.4 -3.3 0.6 -3.1 -2.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.3 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.1 3.4 -0.9 -1.3 0.9 0.0 -1.5 -1.9 -0.6 -1.1 1.4 0.8 -0.8 0.8 0.8
Number of children fathered 1.4 1.6 6.4 2.2 1.8 -0.5 0.9 0.4 2.5 0.6 2.0 -0.4 0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.4 -0.0 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 0.1
Age at first live birth 1.3 2.4 6.9 2.0 1.4 -2.6 0.2 1.3 0.6 -0.7 2.2 -2.2 -1.4 1.4 -1.1 -0.9
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.0 1.2 4.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.7 -1.0 -1.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 1.1 2.0 2.0 -0.1
Health satisfaction 0.9 1.1 4.5 -0.4 0.4 -2.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -1.1 -1.6 0.8 -1.8 -1.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.8 0.9 3.5 0.7 0.8 0.5 1.6 1.2 0.7 1.9 0.6 0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.1 1.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.6 5.1 16.5 3.1 1.9 -2.9 1.6 0.9 1.9 -2.7 2.1 -4.1 -2.4 -0.0 -1.4 -1.6
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.5 0.5 2.8 -0.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.0 1.7 -0.2 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.8 2.0 7.5 -0.5 -1.1 1.5 -1.0 0.6 -1.3 0.8 -0.5 2.7 2.0 -1.7 0.0 2.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.1 1.9 6.7 0.0 0.8 1.6 -0.2 1.4 1.2 1.9 0.3 0.4 1.8 -1.8 0.9 2.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.9 1.3 6.5 0.3 -0.0 0.9 -0.3 1.7 -0.8 1.1 0.6 1.7 0.7 -2.6 -0.1 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 1.3 2.2 6.1 -1.7 -1.2 1.5 -1.9 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 1.6 1.4 2.5 2.0 1.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.2 0.7 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 0.4
Migraine (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 8.4 1.2 0.4 -2.0 2.0 0.7 0.4 -1.9 0.3 -2.9 -1.7 0.8 -1.0 -1.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.5 2.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 1.6 -0.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.0
Medication: Allopurinol 1.3 1.7 6.2 2.2 0.4 -0.2 2.1 1.2 2.5 0.8 1.6 -0.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole 2.0 2.4 7.2 0.8 0.5 -2.5 -0.0 -0.1 -1.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.8 -2.7 0.6 -2.7 -2.4
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.7 0.8 2.5 0.7 1.0 0.2 1.6 0.5 -0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 1.3 -1.5 0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.8 3.5 8.9 1.2 1.2 2.8 0.8 1.7 0.5 3.0 1.4 2.3 2.6 -0.5 0.6 2.6
Heart disease (mother) 0.9 1.1 3.6 0.8 1.1 0.8 -1.0 1.7 1.9 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.3 1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.0 1.2 7.8 1.2 -0.8 -0.3 0.4 0.8 1.4 -0.8 0.3 -2.8 0.0 0.6 0.3 -1.4
Whole body fat mass 1.7 7.1 18.3 -3.3 -3.8 1.5 -3.6 -1.7 -1.2 1.1 -3.3 4.3 2.8 0.7 2.7 1.6
Leg fat mass (right) 2.1 8.1 20.4 -3.2 -4.0 2.2 -3.6 -1.5 -1.3 1.5 -3.0 4.5 3.5 0.4 3.1 2.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.4 7.2 29.6 -2.5 -2.6 2.1 -3.6 -1.0 -0.9 2.7 -2.0 5.4 3.1 -0.9 2.5 1.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.8 2.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.8 0.3 -1.5 -1.2 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -1.4 0.3 -1.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.8 1.9 4.9 -1.1 -0.8 1.4 -0.7 -1.4 -0.0 0.6 -0.8 2.1 2.2 0.9 2.0 1.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.6 6.7 0.0 0.2 1.2 -1.3 0.2 0.7 2.0 -0.2 2.6 1.8 -0.6 0.8 1.3
Number of full sisters 1.4 1.7 4.8 -1.4 -2.0 0.0 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2 0.4 -1.9 1.2 -1.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.6 2.5 7.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -0.5 -1.3 -2.4 -1.6 -1.1 0.8 -2.7 -0.5 -2.1 -2.2
Overall health rating 0.4 0.9 5.6 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 1.2 0.6 2.4 1.0 0.7
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.5 1.2 -0.5 -0.7
Had major operations 1.0 1.2 3.9 0.3 0.2 1.6 -0.8 -0.1 1.1 0.1 0.5 1.8 1.5 0.5 2.0 1.0
Age at last live birth 0.9 1.4 3.8 1.7 1.2 -1.9 -0.4 1.1 0.1 -0.3 1.5 -0.9 -1.6 0.0 -1.3 -1.1
Family relationship satisfaction 1.0 1.2 3.6 0.7 1.3 0.9 0.5 1.5 0.3 1.9 1.7 0.3 0.8 -1.2 -0.0 1.2
Leg pain on walking 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.8 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 1.0 -0.4 1.4 -0.8 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.2 0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.4 3.5 -0.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -1.9 -0.3 -1.0 0.5 -0.0 0.7 0.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.0 1.1 3.0 -1.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.2 -1.7 -0.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 0.7 1.0 1.7 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.3 1.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.1 2.7 -0.8 -1.0 1.5 -1.6 -0.2 0.8 0.3 -0.7 1.4 1.2 -0.5 1.6 0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.1 1.3 2.7 0.9 1.2 -1.5 1.6 0.3 0.3 -1.1 0.2 -1.6 -1.4 1.2 -1.0 -0.8
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.3 3.2 1.8 1.5 -0.5 1.3 1.8 -0.8 0.2 1.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.7 -1.6 -0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.8 2.3 9.1 -1.9 -2.4 0.5 -1.3 -0.7 -1.7 0.4 -1.3 1.9 0.3 3.0 1.0 0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.6 0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.8 1.1 5.0 -0.4 -1.3 2.2 -0.5 -0.1 -1.3 0.5 -0.9 1.1 0.2 -1.7 -0.4 0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 1.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.5 3.1 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.8 -0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.9 0.6 -0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.1 2.7 1.2 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.6 -1.1 1.6 1.6 1.3 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 1.2 6.6 30.7 -2.0 -2.2 2.3 -3.2 -0.6 -0.7 2.6 -1.5 5.5 3.2 -0.9 2.3 2.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.1 5.9 27.8 -1.8 -2.1 2.2 -2.7 -0.6 -0.6 2.5 -1.6 5.3 3.1 -0.8 2.1 2.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.6 6.3 16.3 -3.0 -4.0 1.2 -3.0 -1.9 -1.3 -0.0 -3.4 3.5 2.4 1.7 2.6 1.4
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2
Mood swings 3.6 6.5 14.4 -2.4 -1.6 -3.7 0.1 -2.5 -3.6 -2.8 -1.8 -1.1 -3.8 0.5 -2.0 -3.5
Loneliness, isolation 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 -0.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.7 1.1 3.3 1.2 1.0 -0.4 1.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.8 1.3 -1.6 0.0 1.2 -1.0 -0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 0.9 4.9 -0.7 1.2 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.4 2.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.2 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 -0.7 1.2 0.5 0.1 1.2 1.4 0.6 1.3 0.8
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.5 1.6 5.1 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.9 0.3 -2.2 -1.5 0.7 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -1.6 -1.7
Friendships satisfaction 1.4 1.7 5.6 1.5 1.8 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.4 2.4 2.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -1.3 0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.5 2.4 4.1 2.0 1.7 -1.7 1.4 2.0 0.9 -0.1 1.7 -2.0 -1.8 0.4 -1.8 -0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.7 3.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -2.0 -0.4 -0.7 -1.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.9 1.0 4.6 0.9 -0.8 -0.7 1.2 -0.1 1.4 -1.3 -0.1 -2.1 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 2.0 3.1 11.7 2.2 0.7 -1.4 1.5 1.7 -2.3 0.2 1.8 -0.7 -1.7 -1.9 -3.4 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.4 1.0 0.5 -0.3 0.5 1.2 -1.3 0.3 -1.1 0.3 -0.4 0.6 0.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.4 2.1 0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.9 -1.0 0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -1.4 -0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 7.3 -1.5 -1.3 -0.4 0.8 0.1 -2.7 0.1 -0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.6 2.4 1.5 0.6 -0.0 0.6 0.6 -0.1 0.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.0 -0.3 0.8 -1.4 0.5 -0.6 0.0 -1.4 -0.1 -0.7 -1.3 0.8 -0.6 -1.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.7 1.4 3.9 0.9 0.6 -1.2 1.3 0.8 -1.7 -1.3 0.4 -1.3 -1.5 -0.3 -2.0 -1.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 3.6 0.9 0.1 -1.9 0.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 -1.2 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -0.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 0.9 2.1 -0.9 -1.2 1.2 -1.4 0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.8 1.4 1.0 -0.1 1.4 0.4
Medication: Gliclazide 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.0 0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.8 4.6 11.2 2.8 3.3 -3.1 1.8 1.2 1.6 -0.5 2.9 -2.2 -1.7 0.7 -1.9 -2.1
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.8 1.9 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1 0.4 0.3 -0.4 1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.3 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.0 2.2 7.6 2.2 2.0 -1.0 0.3 2.1 1.6 0.3 2.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.4
Whole body water mass 1.2 6.7 30.4 -2.1 -2.4 2.3 -3.3 -0.8 -0.8 2.4 -1.7 5.5 3.2 -0.9 2.4 1.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.1 5.8 26.9 -1.8 -2.0 2.2 -2.7 -0.6 -0.5 2.4 -1.6 5.2 3.1 -0.8 2.1 2.1
Arm fat mass (left) 2.1 8.6 21.8 -3.4 -4.2 1.8 -3.8 -2.0 -1.4 0.8 -3.5 4.7 3.0 1.0 3.1 1.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.3 0.5 3.3 0.7 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 1.1 -0.1 0.6 1.8 -0.1 0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.2 3.6 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.9 -0.4 -0.5 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 0.8 0.7 -1.6
Miserableness 3.0 5.2 14.8 -1.3 -0.9 -2.9 0.8 -1.9 -2.5 -2.2 -0.8 -1.9 -3.7 1.8 -2.3 -3.9
Guilty feelings 1.3 2.0 7.2 -0.8 -0.2 -1.8 0.1 0.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -2.7 2.6 -1.5 -1.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.8 0.9 2.3 1.2 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.5 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.2 1.2 1.5
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.5 2.7 0.7 -0.3 0.6 -1.6 -0.9 0.8 -0.3 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4
Hearing aid user 1.4 1.6 10.1 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -2.0 -0.1 -0.6 1.4 -0.8 -3.2 -0.9 -0.9
Mother’s age at death 2.1 2.6 10.6 2.3 1.6 -0.8 1.4 1.1 0.7 -1.2 2.3 -3.2 -0.8 -1.9 -0.6 -0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 0.7 0.9 7.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -2.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 -1.1 -0.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.9 2.2 6.7 -0.2 0.0 -2.4 -0.3 0.3 -2.2 -0.9 0.0 -1.2 -2.6 0.4 -1.9 -2.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.1 1.3 3.2 1.6 1.7 0.5 0.2 1.8 -0.7 1.2 1.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5 -0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.4 1.7 3.4 1.7 1.5 -0.9 1.7 1.1 1.8 1.1 1.7 -0.7 -0.2 -1.8 -0.6 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 1.0 2.4 -0.6 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 0.1 -1.5 1.1 -0.3 0.8 -1.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.4 -1.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 0.9 -0.8 0.7 -0.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.6 0.8 2.6 -1.1 -0.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.3 -1.5 -0.6 0.5 0.3 1.6 1.3 0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.7 2.9 -1.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7 1.1 0.0 -1.7 0.1 0.9
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.0 1.5 3.1 -1.0 -1.7 -1.3 -0.6 -1.8 -1.4 -1.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 1.7 -0.1 -0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 1.1 1.7 5.6 0.8 0.5 -2.3 1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 0.6 -0.9 -1.7 1.6 -1.4 -2.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.9 1.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.8 4.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -1.2 1.0 -2.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.7 2.1 7.4 -1.7 -2.7 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0 -1.7 -2.2 -2.2 0.5 -0.6 1.4 0.4 -0.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.1 1.4 0.7 1.1 -0.6 0.4 1.4 0.5 0.5
Ever smoked 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.5
Basal metabolic rate 1.4 7.5 32.2 -2.4 -2.8 2.3 -3.6 -0.9 -1.0 2.4 -2.0 5.7 3.3 -0.7 2.5 2.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.4 4.9 12.0 -3.0 -3.5 1.3 -2.8 -1.9 -1.0 0.6 -2.8 2.7 2.2 0.8 2.4 1.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.6 7.9 30.7 -2.9 -3.0 2.4 -3.8 -1.4 -1.2 2.2 -2.4 5.5 3.2 -0.6 2.6 2.0
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 2.6 -1.0 -0.6 0.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.4 -1.3 -1.1 1.4 0.7 0.7 1.6 0.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.6 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.6
Irritability 2.3 3.9 10.1 -0.9 -1.4 -2.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.6 -2.7 -1.5 -1.5 -3.2 0.8 -2.3 -2.9
Risk taking 1.1 1.6 5.5 1.5 0.5 -2.3 1.6 0.8 -0.5 -1.2 1.0 -2.3 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.5 0.5 3.0 0.2 0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 1.7 -0.7 0.4 -1.1 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.3
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 2.6 3.3 7.8 2.3 1.9 -1.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 -1.9 2.3 -2.8 -1.9 -2.0 -1.5 -2.0
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.5 0.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.1 0.8 0.5 0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.3
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.5 4.7 14.9 -2.3 -3.9 -2.3 -2.0 -1.9 -2.8 -2.2 -2.6 0.2 -1.1 2.0 0.7 -1.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.2 1.5 3.7 0.3 0.7 -1.6 0.0 -0.4 -1.8 -1.9 0.7 -1.2 -1.6 -1.4 -1.7 -0.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.3 1.7 5.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.3 -1.4 -2.3 -0.8 -2.2 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.9 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 3.2 3.8 17.6 2.8 4.2 0.5 3.0 0.7 1.8 -0.1 2.7 -1.0 -0.3 0.1 -1.5 0.7
Myopia 1.6 2.4 6.1 -1.5 -2.5 0.4 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 -0.3 -1.9 1.7 1.6 1.0 1.3 1.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.9 2.4 7.5 1.8 2.3 -0.9 1.9 0.5 1.7 -0.9 1.1 -2.0 -0.6 -2.7 -0.9 -0.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.7 1.0 3.1 -1.8 -1.6 0.5 -0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -0.1 -1.4 0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.4 2.9 9.3 1.1 1.1 -2.6 0.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.7 -1.3 -3.1 0.2 -2.8 -2.6
Pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -1.2 -1.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.9 0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 8.4 1.1 2.9 -0.8 1.5 0.4 2.0 -1.1 1.0 -2.4 -1.1 0.7 -0.5 -1.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 3.7 -1.0 -0.9 1.5 -1.6 -1.0 -1.0 0.7 -0.3 1.9 0.9 -0.0 0.3 0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.7 0.5 0.2 -0.3 1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.7 -0.9 0.9 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.9 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7 -0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.7 0.8 4.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 0.0 1.2 1.1 -0.4 0.1 0.6 2.1 1.3 0.8
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.5 0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.8
Impedance of whole body 1.2 5.9 21.6 1.6 2.2 -3.2 2.2 0.3 0.9 -1.8 1.2 -4.6 -3.4 0.5 -3.0 -2.5
Leg fat mass (left) 2.0 7.7 18.9 -3.2 -3.8 2.2 -3.5 -1.6 -1.2 1.4 -3.0 4.3 3.3 0.6 3.0 2.0
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.4 7.1 27.3 -2.7 -2.9 2.2 -3.7 -1.3 -1.1 2.0 -2.3 5.2 3.0 -0.5 2.6 1.8