Hub : Genes

FNDC4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.0539 0.043 9.6e-02 0.007 NA -0.009 NA 0.000 1.9e-01 NA 7.3e-01 NA 3.3e-01
2 GTEx Spleen 0.4140 0.107 2.6e-07 0.270 NA 0.192 NA 0.235 1.3e-07 NA 1.2e-05 NA 1.0e-06
3 GTEx Thyroid 0.2370 0.066 8.9e-09 0.105 NA 0.161 NA 0.148 2.0e-08 NA 2.2e-12 NA 1.9e-11
4 GTEx Whole Blood 0.5510 0.189 2.8e-03 -0.001 NA -0.002 NA -0.002 3.8e-01 NA 6.6e-01 NA 6.7e-01
5 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.1260 0.072 1.6e-03 0.060 0.034 0.024 NA 0.046 2.5e-04 4.5e-03 1.5e-02 NA 1.1e-03
6 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.2420 0.073 1.9e-15 0.086 0.158 0.172 NA 0.086 1.1e-08 3.2e-15 1.9e-16 NA 1.0e-08

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 6.3 10.0 19.4 2.2 -0.6 -4.2 0.0 -4.2 -4.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 3.4 8.4 20.4 -0.2 1.6 -4.4 0.0 -2.9 -4.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.3 5.2 2.3 -1.0 -0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.1
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.5 2.3 4.9 2.1 -0.7 -1.6 0.0 -2.2 -1.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.5 1.6 5.1 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.0 1.1 2.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.5 3.3 1.1 -0.9 1.8 0.0 0.9 1.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.7 3.4 6.2 -2.1 2.5 -2.2 0.0 -0.3 -2.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 4.3 5.6 15.6 -2.9 1.2 2.0 0.0 4.0 2.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 2.2 0.6 -1.0 1.5 0.0 0.4 1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.0 1.2 2.3 0.1 -1.3 -1.4 0.0 -1.5 -1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.0 0.0 0.7 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 7.3 15.9 43.6 0.2 -1.9 -4.7 0.0 -6.6 -5.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 4.2 10.1 27.2 1.1 -3.0 -3.2 0.0 -5.2 -3.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.3 2.5 6.9 1.6 -2.6 -0.7 0.0 -2.0 -0.9
Major Depression (MDD) 0.7 0.8 1.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.4 0.0 -0.1 -1.2
Reaction Time 0.4 0.7 3.1 -1.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.4
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.8 1.9 4.7 -0.0 1.1 1.4 0.0 1.8 2.2
Breast Cancer 0.6 1.4 3.5 1.1 1.2 -1.0 0.0 -1.9 -1.1
Ovarian Cancer 1.1 1.4 4.0 0.5 -1.2 2.0 0.0 -0.1 1.6
Prostate Cancer 1.7 2.4 4.8 0.9 0.2 -2.2 0.0 -2.0 -2.1
Age at First Birth 1.6 2.3 5.3 1.1 -0.1 -2.3 0.0 -1.6 -2.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 5.8 5.6 11.4 0.6 -0.9 -3.3 0.0 -3.1 -3.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.7 1.0 3.0 -0.3 1.7 0.4 0.0 1.4 0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.7 2.0 4.8 -0.4 -0.4 -2.2 0.0 -1.8 -1.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 3.5 5.6 13.8 0.5 -0.4 -3.0 0.0 -3.7 -3.2
Mean Putamen Volume 1.3 1.5 3.1 -0.6 0.8 -1.8 0.0 -1.7 -1.5
Fasting Glucose 31.4 37.6 100.0 -4.7 1.1 7.0 0.0 10.0 7.3
HbA1C 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.0 1.1 1.5
HDL Cholesterol 1.5 2.5 5.7 1.1 2.4 1.2 0.0 1.9 1.8
LDL Cholesterol 3.6 5.7 15.9 -0.4 0.0 -3.1 0.0 -4.0 -3.0
Lupus 1.5 2.3 8.8 0.2 -3.0 -0.9 0.0 -1.6 -1.3
Neuroticism (2016) 0.6 0.9 5.0 2.2 0.4 0.5 0.0 -0.0 0.3
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 3.1 4.5 11.7 -0.3 -2.3 -2.1 0.0 -3.4 -2.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.7 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.8 3.9 8.0 -1.2 2.5 -2.8 0.0 -0.8 -2.6
Triglycerides 142.3 233.0 615.0 8.4 -7.0 -17.7 0.0 -24.8 -18.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.9 1.1 3.1 -1.3 -0.2 0.6 0.0 1.8 1.1
Ulcerative Colitis 3.3 4.8 13.4 1.2 -3.7 -1.3 0.0 -2.8 -2.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.4 10.9 27.9 2.2 -1.5 5.0 0.0 2.3 5.3
Blood Platelet Count 19.1 220.9 533.6 11.5 -7.1 -17.4 0.0 -23.1 -17.5
Blood Red Count 3.4 32.7 67.5 1.1 -3.8 8.2 0.0 7.1 7.9
Blood White Count 12.8 94.7 262.4 7.5 -6.3 -9.9 0.0 -16.2 -10.6
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.8 5.1 -1.6 1.5 0.8 0.0 2.2 0.8
BMI 2.5 14.6 33.8 -0.9 -0.0 4.9 0.0 5.8 5.3
Height 2.9 56.0 163.8 -5.0 4.8 7.7 0.0 12.8 8.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.2 5.5 14.9 -0.7 -0.5 -2.9 0.0 -3.0 -3.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 2.3 11.7 28.0 3.0 -5.3 -2.7 0.0 -4.3 -2.7
Smoking Status 1.2 2.9 7.6 -0.6 -0.2 -2.4 0.0 -1.9 -2.8
Allergy or Eczema 2.0 5.2 15.8 0.9 -2.8 -1.5 0.0 -4.0 -2.1
Cardiovascular Disease 6.3 20.8 50.7 2.3 -4.8 -4.7 0.0 -7.1 -4.9
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.7 -1.2 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.3
Respiratory disease 0.2 0.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 10.6 19.9 61.5 -1.5 2.5 4.9 0.0 7.8 5.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.5 2.7 -0.1 0.3 1.6 0.0 -0.6 0.3
Lung FVC 1.4 7.1 15.6 0.7 -0.7 -3.6 0.0 -3.7 -4.0
Neuroticism 1.3 3.2 11.3 3.4 -2.2 0.9 0.0 -0.6 1.4
Chronotype (morning person) 0.7 1.5 3.6 1.6 0.5 1.9 0.0 0.3 1.6
Hair Pigment 0.5 13.8 35.9 4.7 -6.0 1.2 0.0 -4.8 -0.8
Tanning 1.4 16.8 43.6 -2.8 3.4 4.2 0.0 6.6 4.5
Hand grip strength (left) 2.3 6.0 11.7 -2.6 1.6 2.7 0.0 3.4 2.8
Number of treatments/medications taken 4.7 8.4 17.8 3.0 -3.2 -2.5 0.0 -4.2 -2.6
Average weekly spirits intake 2.1 2.5 6.0 1.8 -0.3 -2.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.8
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.8 1.9 1.4 -1.1 0.7 0.0 0.6 1.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 4.7 0.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.0 -2.2 -1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.8 1.3 5.3 -0.7 -2.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.1 -0.9
Relative age of first facial hair 5.2 10.6 32.8 0.3 1.4 -4.1 0.0 -5.7 -3.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.0 2.6 5.8 0.9 -1.1 -2.1 0.0 -2.4 -1.8
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.0 1.3 6.1 -0.3 2.5 0.1 0.0 1.2 -0.1
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 3.7 4.1 10.8 0.6 -0.8 -2.7 0.0 -2.4 -3.3
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.2 3.4 11.0 1.7 -3.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.9 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 2.3 2.5 7.0 -0.2 -0.2 1.9 0.0 2.7 2.2
Angina 1.7 2.2 5.0 -0.6 -1.8 -1.4 0.0 -2.2 -1.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.9 2.1 5.0 1.5 -0.3 -1.9 0.0 -1.3 -2.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 3.0 4.0 7.7 -2.8 1.6 2.0 0.0 2.4 2.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 1.6 1.8 3.3 1.8 1.6 -1.3 0.0 -1.2 -1.4
Medication: Metformin 6.8 9.6 26.5 -1.3 2.7 3.1 0.0 5.1 3.5
Diabetes (father) 6.3 7.8 18.5 -0.4 1.9 3.3 0.0 4.3 3.7
Diabetes (mother) 6.5 8.3 16.9 -2.1 1.0 3.6 0.0 3.9 4.1
Severe depression (siblings) 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.3 1.1 -0.0 0.0 0.9 0.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 2.6 1.6 -0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2
Impedance of leg (right) 9.3 44.9 94.7 1.9 0.8 -9.3 0.0 -9.7 -9.2
Leg fat-free mass (left) 10.2 54.2 134.6 -2.9 1.8 9.4 0.0 11.6 9.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.4 1.6 5.1 0.2 0.2 -2.3 0.0 -1.3 -1.7
Hand grip strength (right) 2.2 6.0 13.5 -1.6 1.4 3.0 0.0 3.7 3.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.0 1.4 3.3 -1.8 1.8 0.7 0.0 1.0 0.7
Current tobacco smoking 0.4 0.6 2.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.0 -1.6 -0.8
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.2 0.9
Maternal smoking around birth 0.6 0.8 2.1 -1.5 0.2 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.1
Fed-up feelings 0.6 1.1 2.6 1.1 -0.6 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.4 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.1
Relative age voice broke 1.5 2.3 8.7 -0.8 -0.1 -1.3 0.0 -3.0 -1.6
Taking other prescription medications 1.0 1.5 4.6 -0.4 -2.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.6 -1.0
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.4 3.4 13.5 0.3 3.7 -1.3 0.0 -1.6 -1.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 2.5 2.9 7.0 2.3 -2.7 -0.6 0.0 -1.8 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.2 4.1 -0.9 1.4 0.5 0.0 2.0 0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 1.4 -1.2 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.8 1.0 2.4 1.1 -1.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 -1.1
High blood pressure 1.6 4.5 13.5 1.2 -3.7 -1.8 0.0 -2.4 -1.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.8 3.9 12.8 0.7 -2.7 -1.1 0.0 -3.6 -1.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.5 1.9 4.9 2.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.0 -1.7 -1.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 2.2 2.8 9.6 3.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 -2.4 -0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.4 0.6 3.0 0.2 1.7 0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.4 1.1 -1.6 0.0 0.0 -1.1 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.1 -0.2 1.4 0.0 0.4 1.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Sitting height 5.9 42.0 106.1 -3.6 2.7 7.8 0.0 10.3 8.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.3 1.5 3.5 0.5 -0.5 -1.7 0.0 -1.9 -1.5
High blood pressure (mother) 1.5 2.1 7.4 2.7 -1.8 0.5 0.0 -1.3 0.1
Body mass index (BMI) 1.9 8.1 18.7 0.0 0.2 3.7 0.0 4.3 4.1
Impedance of leg (left) 9.2 44.5 97.4 1.9 0.3 -9.2 0.0 -9.9 -9.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 10.2 54.0 134.6 -3.0 1.8 9.4 0.0 11.6 9.4
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.2 10.8 -0.9 0.9 1.6 0.0 3.3 2.1
Waist circumference 1.6 5.8 16.8 -0.5 1.0 2.9 0.0 4.1 3.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.9 3.2 10.6 -0.4 1.1 -3.2 0.0 -1.2 -2.5
Past tobacco smoking 0.8 1.4 4.5 0.4 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.9 2.1
Alcohol usually taken with meals 2.5 4.0 7.3 1.3 -1.7 -2.4 0.0 -2.7 -2.5
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.8 2.4 0.1 -0.6 1.6 0.0 0.8 1.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.2 2.7 0.3 -1.5 -1.0 0.0 -1.6 -1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.1 1.7 4.2 -0.1 -2.1 -1.5 0.0 -0.7 -1.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.8 1.0 4.6 2.2 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.8
Had menopause 5.0 6.2 17.3 -3.5 4.2 -0.3 0.0 2.8 -0.3
Had other major operations 1.3 1.6 7.5 2.7 -1.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.3 3.0 -0.7 1.0 1.4 0.0 1.7 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.5 2.0 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.0 1.4 -0.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.1 0.6 -1.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.7 2.1 -0.0 1.4 -1.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.8 1.3 5.7 -2.4 0.7 -1.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.4
Heart attack 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.3 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.8
Allergy 0.8 1.9 6.8 -0.6 2.6 0.5 0.0 1.9 0.8
Pain all over the body in last month 1.6 1.8 6.9 0.6 -2.6 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -1.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 6.9 10.6 36.7 -1.0 2.9 2.7 0.0 6.1 3.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -1.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.8 0.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.3
Medication: Simvastatin 9.7 14.3 36.4 2.6 -2.1 -4.3 0.0 -6.0 -4.5
Fluid intelligence score 2.0 4.2 10.0 -0.1 1.4 2.7 0.0 2.5 3.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.4 1.9 4.8 -0.7 2.1 0.8 0.0 2.2 1.0
Neuroticism score 1.1 2.2 4.3 2.1 -1.7 1.6 0.0 0.1 1.9
Weight 5.5 27.1 70.8 -1.8 1.6 6.4 0.0 8.4 6.7
Impedance of arm (right) 12.4 57.6 130.0 1.0 -0.8 -10.5 0.0 -11.4 -10.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.6
Trunk fat-free mass 15.2 87.5 213.2 -3.1 2.7 12.2 0.0 14.6 12.1
Hip circumference 2.6 11.2 28.6 0.4 1.1 4.0 0.0 5.3 4.6
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.7 2.5 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 12.1 18.2 46.2 1.6 -1.2 -5.0 0.0 -6.8 -5.8
Father’s age at death 0.4 0.5 2.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.2
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.8 1.6 5.5 -0.1 -2.4 1.5 0.0 -0.0 1.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 3.1 1.3 -1.8 0.3 0.0 -0.7 0.3
Falls in the last year 1.9 2.6 4.7 1.6 -0.9 -2.0 0.0 -1.8 -2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.3 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.1
Number of live births 0.8 1.1 2.7 0.2 -1.3 -0.7 0.0 -1.1 -1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.5 1.7 5.0 -0.1 0.3 2.2 0.0 1.5 1.8
Pulse rate 9.4 15.8 40.7 0.8 -1.6 -4.9 0.0 -6.4 -5.1
Happiness 0.8 0.9 2.2 1.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -1.4 -0.9
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.3 0.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.7
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.7 1.5 5.5 -2.3 -1.5 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 2.0 2.2 5.5 0.8 -0.4 -2.2 0.0 -1.5 -2.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 4.0 6.8 15.0 1.3 0.9 3.9 0.0 3.5 3.3
Asthma 0.4 0.7 1.9 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4 0.0 -0.4 -1.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.3 1.6 5.7 2.4 -1.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 15.2 23.6 61.8 2.1 -3.5 -5.6 0.0 -7.9 -5.7
Depression (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.2 0.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.4 0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 -1.0
Lung cancer (father) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 0.0
Illnesses of mother 1.5 1.9 6.2 -2.5 1.7 -0.8 0.0 0.6 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.4 3.6 -0.2 0.4 1.9 0.0 1.4 1.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.8 0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 13.5 62.4 136.9 1.0 -1.0 -11.0 0.0 -11.7 -10.7
Arm fat mass (right) 1.8 7.3 19.3 -0.7 0.5 3.2 0.0 4.4 3.7
Trunk predicted mass 15.3 87.2 213.2 -3.1 2.8 12.1 0.0 14.6 12.1
Standing height 3.3 32.8 90.8 -3.7 3.0 6.4 0.0 9.5 6.5
Length of working week for main job 1.3 1.4 2.4 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.0 1.5 1.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.7 -1.2
Breastfed as a baby 1.2 1.5 3.9 0.5 1.6 -2.0 0.0 -0.1 -1.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 2.3 1.5 -0.0 -1.4 0.0 -0.8 -1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.6 1.7 -1.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 1.3 -0.1
Birth weight of first child 1.9 3.4 12.4 -0.4 3.5 1.0 0.0 2.4 1.1
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.2 2.8 7.5 0.3 -1.4 2.7 0.0 1.5 2.1
Pulse wave reflection index 2.7 3.4 7.4 -0.2 0.5 2.5 0.0 2.5 2.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.3 1.5 6.7 2.6 -0.7 1.3 0.0 -0.3 0.6
Loud music exposure frequency 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.8 1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 1.9 -0.7 -1.3 1.2 0.0 0.4 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 3.5 4.5 8.4 1.9 -2.6 -1.8 0.0 -2.9 -2.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.9 1.2 2.4 0.7 -1.3 1.2 0.0 1.6 1.0
Medication: Paracetamol 3.6 6.0 14.7 3.2 -3.8 -1.3 0.0 -2.5 -1.8
Headache pain in last month 1.4 2.4 8.8 1.3 -1.4 -1.0 0.0 -3.0 -1.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 4.5 7.5 17.8 -1.5 3.0 2.7 0.0 4.2 2.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.6 0.4 1.3 1.2 0.0 0.4 1.1
Gout (self-reported) 33.8 46.4 121.0 3.6 -3.7 -7.9 0.0 -11.0 -8.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.4 0.8 2.3 -0.2 0.2 -1.3 0.0 -1.0 -1.5
Medication: Amlodipine 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 -0.9 -0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.2 1.6 5.2 -0.7 -2.3 -0.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.9
Birth weight 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.9 -0.7 0.4 0.0 1.0 1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.0 -0.7 1.1 0.0 0.5 0.9
High blood pressure (siblings) 3.6 5.2 13.8 2.1 -2.2 -1.9 0.0 -3.7 -2.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.4 1.5 3.8 -0.6 0.8 1.5 0.0 2.0 1.5
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.1 3.5 0.4 -0.1 -1.9 0.0 -1.2 -1.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.5 1.4 0.7 0.4 -1.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 13.9 71.1 179.6 -2.7 2.5 10.8 0.0 13.4 10.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.5 2.0 4.0 1.9 -0.2 1.9 0.0 0.9 2.0
Comparative body size at age 10 1.3 3.5 13.0 1.4 -0.9 -1.7 0.0 -3.6 -1.6
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 3.8 0.8 2.0 -1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.8 4.6 14.6 0.2 -1.3 2.8 0.0 1.9 3.8
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.8 1.0 1.8 -0.8 1.3 -1.3 0.0 -0.4 -1.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.1 -1.3 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.7
Number of children fathered 2.9 3.3 8.5 0.4 0.2 2.9 0.0 2.2 2.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 2.0 2.3 7.8 -1.0 1.1 1.5 0.0 2.8 1.1
Age at first live birth 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.7 0.9 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.4
Health satisfaction 2.2 2.8 6.6 1.8 -1.4 -1.6 0.0 -2.6 -1.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.2 0.6 1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 0.0 -0.9 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.6 1.9 7.8 -2.8 1.2 -0.9 0.0 0.4 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.6 0.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.5 -0.9
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 1.4 1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 3.2 5.4 13.5 -3.7 3.5 0.6 0.0 2.3 0.9
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.4 0.6 2.9 0.5 -1.7 0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.0 5.1 0.6 -2.3 0.6 0.0 -0.0 0.4
Angina (self-reported) 1.3 1.7 4.1 -0.7 -1.5 -1.3 0.0 -2.0 -1.3
Migraine (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.0 2.0 -1.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.0 1.2 5.3 2.3 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -1.0 -0.4
Medication: Allopurinol 31.3 41.6 102.0 2.3 -3.0 -7.9 0.0 -10.1 -8.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.4 -0.9 1.3 0.0 0.3 1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 1.0 -1.0 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.4 0.8 2.5 -1.6 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 -0.7
Heart disease (mother) 1.2 1.5 3.4 1.1 -1.9 -1.0 0.0 -1.6 -0.9
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -1.1 0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.1
Whole body fat mass 0.9 3.8 11.8 -0.7 0.6 1.9 0.0 3.4 2.5
Leg fat mass (right) 1.5 5.8 17.1 -0.8 0.7 2.6 0.0 4.1 3.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 14.0 71.8 179.6 -2.5 2.2 11.0 0.0 13.4 10.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 14.6 47.2 123.2 3.0 -3.1 -8.2 0.0 -11.1 -8.6
Alcohol intake frequency. 31.8 73.9 182.2 5.0 -1.6 -10.9 0.0 -13.5 -10.7
Comparative height size at age 10 6.0 32.8 78.9 -2.9 2.6 7.0 0.0 8.9 7.3
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.4 2.2 -1.5 -0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.0 1.6 4.3 0.9 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.8 2.1
Overall health rating 1.9 4.2 9.6 2.2 -3.1 -0.9 0.0 -2.6 -1.7
Chest pain or discomfort 0.5 0.7 2.1 1.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.5 -0.1
Had major operations 0.7 0.9 1.7 1.3 -1.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 -1.0
Age at last live birth 0.6 0.8 2.9 0.1 -0.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.9 -1.7
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 2.6 -0.3 1.6 1.0 0.0 1.5 0.7
Leg pain on walking 0.9 1.1 2.7 0.9 -0.6 1.6 0.0 1.0 1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.8 2.2 6.2 2.1 -2.5 -0.5 0.0 -1.4 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.9 1.0 2.6 1.3 -0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 -1.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 2.5 -1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 3.3 1.2 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -1.8 -1.0
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.4 0.5 1.3 1.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.5 1.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 -1.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.2 3.4 12.4 0.9 -3.5 -1.2 0.0 -2.0 -1.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.8 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.7
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 3.8 5.3 11.6 1.9 -1.5 -2.7 0.0 -3.4 -2.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 4.4 5.4 10.6 -2.6 -1.2 2.8 0.0 3.2 2.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.8 1.2 3.7 -0.6 -0.1 -1.8 0.0 -0.6 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.0 2.1 6.6 -0.6 1.1 1.8 0.0 2.6 1.3
Whole body fat-free mass 13.9 79.4 193.2 -3.3 2.4 11.6 0.0 13.9 11.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 10.5 56.2 136.9 -2.9 1.5 9.8 0.0 11.7 9.7
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.4
Average weekly red wine intake 1.3 1.9 4.3 -1.8 -0.2 1.5 0.0 2.1 1.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7
Mood swings 0.8 1.4 3.7 1.9 -1.9 0.7 0.0 -0.8 0.4
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.6 2.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.0 0.0 -1.1 -0.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.6 3.1 6.5 -0.0 -0.8 -2.5 0.0 -2.3 -2.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 9.6 15.8 49.2 -1.0 2.8 4.1 0.0 7.0 4.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.2 2.3 5.5 2.3 -2.0 -0.5 0.0 -1.6 -1.2
Friendships satisfaction 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.4 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.9
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.8 1.3 5.1 0.1 -2.3 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.8 2.1 5.5 2.4 -2.2 0.1 0.0 -1.6 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.0 1.7 2.8 0.8 -1.6 -1.1 0.0 -1.6 -1.7
Medication for cholesterol 9.6 14.6 28.1 -2.9 1.8 4.8 0.0 5.3 5.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 5.1 6.0 10.7 3.1 0.4 -3.0 0.0 -3.3 -2.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.3 3.4 0.9 -1.8 1.6 0.0 0.4 0.9
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.7 0.9 2.9 -1.7 -0.6 0.9 0.0 1.0 0.5
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.8 2.4 -0.4 -0.5 -1.6 0.0 -0.7 -1.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 3.5 4.3 12.2 0.8 -1.1 -2.3 0.0 -3.5 -2.5
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.5 1.9 5.2 1.0 -0.2 -2.1 0.0 -0.7 -2.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.7 2.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 -1.5 -0.8
Medication: Gliclazide 3.2 3.6 11.8 -1.2 1.8 1.4 0.0 3.4 1.7
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.1 1.4 3.0 -0.5 0.2 1.6 0.0 1.6 1.7
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.8 0.0 -1.6 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 2.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.5
Whole body water mass 14.2 81.2 198.8 -3.0 2.4 11.7 0.0 14.1 11.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 10.6 56.6 136.9 -3.0 1.5 9.8 0.0 11.7 9.7
Arm fat mass (left) 1.8 7.2 19.0 -0.4 0.5 3.2 0.0 4.4 3.7
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 7.3 12.6 30.4 1.3 -3.0 -4.0 0.0 -5.5 -4.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.8 2.5 6.8 -1.3 -0.5 1.6 0.0 2.6 1.9
Miserableness 1.2 2.2 6.9 2.6 -1.4 -0.3 0.0 -2.0 -0.3
Guilty feelings 1.2 1.8 4.5 1.2 -0.6 2.1 0.0 0.7 2.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -1.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 2.5 -0.9 -1.1 0.8 0.0 1.6 0.7
Hearing aid user 1.3 1.5 3.8 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 0.0 -1.9 -1.5
Mother’s age at death 1.2 1.5 3.5 -1.7 0.7 -1.9 0.0 -0.1 -1.5
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.5 2.5 1.6 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.5 0.6 2.9 0.6 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.4 0.3 0.9 0.0 0.3 1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.9 1.0 2.3 0.0 1.2 1.4 0.0 0.7 1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 1.9 3.6 7.1 1.1 -1.3 -2.4 0.0 -2.7 -2.4
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.0 1.3 0.5
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.9 1.1 5.0 2.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 33.7 59.7 158.8 4.2 -4.4 -8.7 0.0 -12.6 -9.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.7 1.0 3.7 1.9 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.2 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 3.3 5.0 8.4 2.6 -2.9 -1.5 0.0 -2.6 -2.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.8 1.0 2.2 0.1 -1.5 0.8 0.0 1.1 1.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 17.3 21.3 58.4 2.4 -2.8 -5.3 0.0 -7.6 -5.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 3.7 0.7 -1.9 -0.5 0.0 -1.1 -0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.7 2.0 3.3 1.5 0.5 -1.8 0.0 -1.8 -1.7
Ever smoked 0.7 1.3 4.2 0.0 0.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.1 -2.0
Basal metabolic rate 11.8 65.3 161.3 -2.8 2.1 10.4 0.0 12.7 10.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.3
Arm fat-free mass (left) 13.4 67.9 167.0 -2.3 2.4 10.7 0.0 12.9 10.7
Number of operations (self-reported) 2.7 4.0 8.1 2.8 -2.9 -0.7 0.0 -1.8 -2.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.0 3.0 -1.7 1.0 0.9 0.0 0.6 0.8
Irritability 0.8 1.4 6.5 -0.3 -2.5 0.7 0.0 0.2 1.1
Risk taking 0.4 0.6 1.6 -0.1 1.3 -1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.9
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 1.0 4.4 -0.0 -2.1 0.5 0.0 1.0 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 1.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 1.0 4.5 1.0 -2.1 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.3
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.8 1.0 5.8 -0.0 2.4 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.7 2.1 4.2 1.2 1.3 1.8 0.0 1.3 2.1
Myopia 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.0 1.0 -1.5 0.0 -1.2 -1.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.8 4.9 12.4 -0.9 3.5 1.9 0.0 2.8 2.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 15.4 22.7 57.3 2.3 -2.1 -5.8 0.0 -7.6 -5.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.6 -1.4 0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.3
Pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.5 4.8 -1.4 2.2 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 2.1 2.3 4.9 2.2 -0.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.4 -1.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 3.2 0.7 -1.1 1.8 0.0 0.8 0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.9 -1.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.7 0.5 -1.2 1.2 0.0 1.6 1.2
Heart disease (siblings) 1.3 1.7 5.0 0.7 -0.6 -1.4 0.0 -2.2 -1.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.9 1.1 3.3 -0.4 0.8 -1.8 0.0 -0.9 -1.2
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.3 1.6 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2
Impedance of whole body 13.4 68.3 148.8 1.6 -0.5 -11.5 0.0 -12.2 -11.2
Leg fat mass (left) 1.8 6.9 19.4 -0.9 0.6 3.0 0.0 4.4 3.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 13.2 67.1 166.4 -2.2 2.5 10.6 0.0 12.9 10.6