Hub : Genes

FRG1B

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1530 0.0710 7.5e-11 0.108 0.079 0.090 0.084 0.113 4.9e-13 8.0e-10 4.9e-11 1.8e-10 1.4e-13
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0560 0.0310 1.1e-04 0.041 NA 0.039 NA 0.038 2.5e-04 NA 3.6e-04 NA 4.0e-04
3 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0321 0.0168 2.8e-03 0.020 NA 0.020 NA 0.027 9.8e-03 NA 9.8e-03 NA 3.0e-03
4 GTEx Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere 0.1550 0.0730 1.0e-03 0.063 NA 0.107 NA 0.079 1.0e-02 NA 1.1e-03 NA 4.6e-03
5 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.1590 0.0770 2.6e-03 0.097 NA 0.074 NA 0.093 8.6e-04 NA 3.3e-03 NA 1.1e-03
6 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue 0.0560 0.0340 3.7e-03 0.028 NA 0.013 NA 0.019 1.4e-02 NA 7.0e-02 NA 3.4e-02
7 GTEx Breast Mammary Tissue (Female) 0.0548 0.0357 2.9e-02 0.040 NA -0.007 NA -0.002 2.4e-02 NA 6.2e-01 NA 3.8e-01
8 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0490 0.0250 7.2e-04 0.040 NA 0.020 NA 0.031 5.3e-04 NA 1.1e-02 NA 2.2e-03
9 GTEx Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction 0.0860 0.0520 3.7e-03 0.037 NA -0.001 NA -0.008 1.7e-02 NA 3.4e-01 NA 8.9e-01
10 GTEx Heart Atrial Appendage 0.0660 0.0340 1.4e-03 0.017 NA 0.006 NA -0.002 5.6e-02 NA 1.7e-01 NA 4.1e-01
11 GTEx Lung 0.0843 0.0345 7.8e-07 0.042 NA 0.052 NA 0.046 3.6e-04 NA 7.9e-05 NA 2.0e-04
12 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.0647 0.0267 1.0e-07 0.093 NA 0.084 NA -0.001 2.1e-09 NA 1.3e-08 NA 4.7e-01
13 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.0466 0.0260 2.4e-03 0.032 NA 0.036 NA 0.022 2.4e-03 NA 1.4e-03 NA 1.0e-02
14 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.0290 0.0200 8.9e-03 -0.001 NA 0.006 NA -0.002 3.7e-01 NA 9.4e-02 NA 5.7e-01
15 GTEx Stomach 0.0530 0.0320 7.3e-03 0.066 NA 0.015 NA 0.038 4.3e-04 NA 6.2e-02 NA 6.5e-03
16 GTEx Thyroid 0.0390 0.0240 4.0e-03 0.029 NA 0.007 NA 0.004 2.4e-03 NA 8.4e-02 NA 1.6e-01
17 METSIM Adipose 0.0464 0.0203 1.6e-07 0.063 0.048 0.065 0.051 0.063 1.1e-09 1.0e-07 5.2e-10 3.8e-08 8.6e-10
18 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0597 0.0235 1.2e-09 0.093 0.078 0.080 0.076 0.085 5.6e-12 3.1e-10 1.6e-10 5.3e-10 4.2e-11

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.0 1.5 5.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.3 -2.3 -2.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -1.6 -0.1 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -1.6
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.9 2.2 4.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.5 -2.0 -1.7 1.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.7 -1.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.8
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 3.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -1.6 1.1 1.9 -0.3 0.1 0.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.6 2.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 1.4 1.5 -0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 1.5 0.6 1.4 1.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.5 3.0 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.9 -1.0 0.8 0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.4 0.3 -1.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.8 3.7 0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.0 -0.9 1.6 1.9 0.4 0.7 1.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.6 1.2 4.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 1.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.2 -2.1 -1.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 0.7 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.1 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.6 1.9 5.2 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.8 0.6 -2.3 0.1 -0.1 2.2 1.9 1.2 1.7 1.7 0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.0 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.2 1.8 4.8 2.2 1.9 1.4 1.5 0.5 -2.0 0.8 0.4 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 1.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.6 1.4 3.2 -0.1 -1.2 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.3 -1.8 -1.7 -1.4 -1.2 -1.6 -0.6 0.6 -1.5 -0.8 -0.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.4 3.3 5.4 -0.6 -1.7 -2.3 -1.8 -2.1 1.7 -2.0 -1.6 -2.0 -2.1 -2.2 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -0.7 -2.0 -1.9 -1.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.2 2.2 3.6 -0.4 -1.0 -1.6 -1.9 -1.5 1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -1.2 -1.4 -1.8 -1.3 -0.7 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.8 -1.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.0 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.9 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 1.1 0.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.0 2.4 5.7 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.3 0.7 -1.8 1.0 1.1 2.4 2.3 1.5 2.0 1.0 2.4 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.3
Breast Cancer 0.9 2.3 4.8 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.5 1.0 -0.9 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.7 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Prostate Cancer 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1
Age at First Birth 1.0 1.5 4.8 1.0 1.0 1.4 2.2 2.1 -1.9 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.6 1.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.0 0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.5
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.4 0.6 1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.7 0.2 1.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.6 2.5 7.7 -1.5 -1.9 -2.0 -1.2 -1.6 0.9 -1.4 -0.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -2.8 -0.7 0.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0
Mean Putamen Volume 7.1 8.1 14.4 -2.4 -2.9 -2.8 -1.4 -1.7 1.5 -3.8 -3.6 -2.3 -2.7 -3.1 -2.6 -2.9 -2.6 -3.0 -3.6 -3.8 -3.0
Fasting Glucose 1.5 1.8 3.8 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.9 -1.1 1.8 1.6 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.6 -0.0 -0.0 0.6 1.9 0.8
HbA1C 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.9 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1
HDL Cholesterol 1.8 3.0 7.7 2.2 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.5 -1.5 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.4 2.1 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.8 2.1 1.4 2.0
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.6 -0.7 1.7 -0.1 0.2 -1.4 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.6
Lupus 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.0 0.9 0.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 -1.0 0.1 -0.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.2 1.7 0.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.8 -1.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.7 -0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.5 2.7 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.4 -0.6 1.5 1.6 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.6 1.7
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.7 1.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 0.7 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0
Triglycerides 4.9 8.0 16.8 -2.6 -2.8 -2.6 -2.0 -1.3 2.9 -2.6 -3.0 -2.5 -2.6 -3.0 -3.0 -2.0 -4.1 -3.8 -3.3 -2.6 -3.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 1.7 2.4 7.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.9 -2.3 -2.7 1.3 -2.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.9 -0.6 -0.0 -1.4 -1.9 -1.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.8 7.5 0.2 -1.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.9 0.1 -1.3 -1.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.8 -0.4 -2.0 -1.2 -1.8 -2.7 -1.5 -1.0
Blood Platelet Count 3.3 38.8 114.5 -10.7 -6.9 -6.1 -7.0 -3.4 5.2 -4.8 -5.6 -6.2 -6.3 -7.6 -7.3 -5.8 -5.1 -5.0 -4.4 -5.1 -6.0
Blood Red Count 2.7 26.1 41.5 -6.0 -6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.8 5.0 -5.0 -5.6 -4.9 -5.2 -5.8 -6.2 -3.3 -6.4 -6.4 -4.8 -5.1 -5.5
Blood White Count 0.2 1.5 13.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.8 1.2 1.8 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.8 -2.1 0.9 3.6 -0.1 1.2 1.1
Heel T-Score 0.5 4.3 14.1 3.0 2.0 0.7 -0.3 -1.2 -1.2 1.8 2.3 1.2 1.4 3.3 2.1 1.3 2.8 3.8 1.8 1.8 1.9
BMI 0.2 1.2 4.2 -1.5 -1.1 -0.1 0.5 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 -1.6 -0.8 -0.9 -2.0 -1.6 -1.0 0.8 -0.1
Height 0.2 3.4 15.8 0.2 1.6 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 2.3 3.5 0.5 0.9 0.6 1.5 -0.9 2.9 4.0 1.9 2.7 1.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.6 1.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -1.4 0.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -1.4 1.2 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.7 8.5 24.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.3 -1.4 -0.9 2.8 -2.4 -3.6 -2.3 -2.4 -3.5 -2.8 -1.6 -4.3 -4.9 -3.4 -2.6 -3.2
Smoking Status 1.2 2.9 15.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.8 -2.3 -3.9 0.7 0.0 0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -3.1 1.4 3.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.5
Allergy or Eczema 1.0 2.5 3.9 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.0 -1.9 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.3 0.1 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.8
Cardiovascular Disease 1.6 5.4 10.3 -2.7 -2.4 -2.1 -1.3 -1.6 1.3 -2.3 -2.8 -1.7 -1.9 -3.0 -2.0 -2.2 -2.7 -3.2 -2.5 -2.4 -2.5
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.2 1.8 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Respiratory disease 3.4 7.6 13.6 3.1 3.1 2.1 1.2 -0.3 -2.4 3.2 3.2 2.3 2.7 2.6 3.3 1.4 3.7 3.4 2.6 3.2 3.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.3 2.4 3.6 -1.3 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.9 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6 -1.8
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.7 3.5 15.4 -1.7 -1.8 -1.1 -1.9 1.0 3.9 -0.6 -0.8 -2.2 -1.9 -1.0 -2.5 0.3 -2.7 -2.4 -1.3 -0.4 -2.0
Lung FVC 1.6 8.2 19.6 -2.5 -2.1 -2.3 -1.8 -0.7 1.2 -3.8 -4.4 -1.6 -2.2 -2.6 -2.6 -1.5 -3.6 -4.4 -3.1 -4.0 -3.3
Neuroticism 0.2 0.6 3.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -1.3 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.9 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3
Chronotype (morning person) 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.4 1.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.9 13.2 -1.5 -1.1 0.3 0.6 3.6 1.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.1 0.7 -1.4 1.1 -1.1 -2.5 0.5 0.3 0.0
Tanning 0.1 1.3 8.6 0.2 0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -2.9 -0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 -1.2 0.7 -2.1 1.1 1.6 -1.0 0.3 0.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.4 1.1 2.4 -1.0 -0.7 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7 1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -1.5
Number of treatments/medications taken 3.6 6.4 10.2 -2.6 -2.6 -2.8 -2.6 -2.2 2.5 -2.2 -2.6 -2.4 -2.6 -3.2 -2.3 -2.8 -2.0 -2.4 -2.6 -2.3 -2.5
Average weekly spirits intake 1.9 2.4 4.2 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6 -1.0 -0.9 1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.6 3.0 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -1.1 -1.5 -0.1 0.4 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.7 1.0 1.7 0.3 0.5 0.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.8 -1.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.0 1.1 0.4 0.4 -1.2 -0.9 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -1.5 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.5 2.3 6.0 1.6 2.0 1.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.6 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 0.4 2.5 2.4 1.5 1.2 1.6
Relative age of first facial hair 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.3
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.7 2.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.7 0.3 -1.0 0.5 -0.8 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.7 2.1 4.5 1.2 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.4 -0.5 1.9 2.0 0.3 0.7 1.2 0.9 1.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.2 2.5 5.6 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6 -2.1 -1.9 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -2.4 -1.2 -2.0 -0.2 -1.1 -1.7 -1.2 -1.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.7 2.0 11.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 1.7 -0.6 -1.8 -0.7 -0.7 -2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.9 -3.3 -1.3 -0.9 -1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9
Angina 1.5 1.9 5.3 -1.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.3 0.9 -1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -2.3 -1.0 -1.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.8 -1.2 -1.3
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.9 1.2 2.0 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.3 -1.0 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.2
Supplements: Zinc 4.0 4.4 5.9 -2.0 -2.2 -2.3 -1.8 -2.0 1.4 -2.4 -2.4 -1.9 -2.1 -2.4 -2.2 -1.6 -2.0 -1.7 -2.3 -2.4 -2.2
Medication: Co-codamol 1.1 1.3 3.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.7 -1.4 1.3 1.5 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.4 1.1 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.8
Medication: Metformin 2.9 4.1 7.2 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9 -2.3 -1.7 2.0 -2.3 -2.6 -1.1 -1.5 -2.3 -1.5 -1.7 -1.9 -2.7 -2.0 -2.4 -2.4
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8
Severe depression (siblings) 0.9 1.0 2.9 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1 -0.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.8 -1.7 -0.7 -1.6 -0.1 0.0 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.4 0.3 -0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.0 -0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 0.9 4.4 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -1.8 -2.1 0.5 -1.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.8 0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -1.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.2 5.1 -0.7 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.1 2.2 2.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 -0.4 1.1 0.2 2.2 0.7
Trunk fat percentage 0.1 0.4 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.5 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3 1.3 0.6
Hand grip strength (right) 0.0 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.0
Current tobacco smoking 1.0 1.7 5.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.7 -1.8 -2.2 1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -0.9 -2.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.0 1.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.1
Maternal smoking around birth 1.6 2.3 5.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.2 -1.1 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -2.4 -1.5 -1.7 -1.4 -2.3 -1.9 -1.3 -1.6
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.7 6.7 -0.5 -1.1 -1.7 -1.2 -2.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -1.4 -0.7 -2.6 0.1 1.4 -1.6 -0.9 -0.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.3 3.4 0.5 0.4 1.0 1.5 1.2 -1.0 1.7 1.7 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 1.6 0.7 1.7 1.9
Relative age voice broke 0.6 1.0 4.5 0.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 0.4 2.1 0.3 -0.1 -2.0 -1.6 0.1 -1.3 -0.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.3
Taking other prescription medications 1.1 1.6 4.0 -0.9 -0.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 1.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -2.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.2 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 -1.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.7 1.8 4.8 -1.6 -1.3 -1.2 -1.6 -0.1 2.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.7 -1.6 -1.4 -1.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 2.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 1.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.7 4.4 0.3 0.3 -0.9 -1.6 -2.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.9 1.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.7 1.8 3.0 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.0 -1.6 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.0 1.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.4 -0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.3 2.8 5.0 -2.2 -2.0 -1.7 -1.1 -2.1 0.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.3 -1.4 -2.1 -1.4 -2.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -1.8
High blood pressure 1.3 3.7 10.1 -2.3 -2.1 -1.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 -2.2 -2.8 -1.1 -1.4 -2.6 -1.7 -1.5 -2.1 -3.2 -1.8 -2.3 -2.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.6 2.9 1.1 1.7 1.5 1.4 0.8 -1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.0 -0.2 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.2 1.5 2.3 -0.7 -1.0 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 1.2 -1.5 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 -0.5 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 5.1 6.3 9.2 -1.9 -2.5 -2.8 -2.6 -1.3 2.9 -2.8 -2.6 -2.8 -3.0 -2.8 -3.0 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -2.4 -2.7 -2.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.9 1.2 2.1 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 0.5 -1.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.2 0.9 0.9 -0.2 0.7 0.6
Medication: Atenolol 1.3 1.6 2.6 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -0.7 1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.8 1.7 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0
Sitting height 1.6 11.7 50.4 2.3 2.9 2.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 4.3 5.9 1.4 2.2 3.3 2.9 0.4 4.0 7.1 3.6 4.8 3.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.8 -0.2 1.0 0.2 0.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.8 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.8 4.0 0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -1.7 -2.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -1.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.1 4.7 -0.8 0.1 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.1 2.1 2.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.5 1.0 0.1 2.2 0.6
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.7 3.4 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.8 1.3 0.4 0.7 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.8
Waist circumference 0.2 0.7 3.5 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.2 1.9 1.2 0.6 0.9 -0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 1.7 1.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.9 3.1 5.3 -1.5 -1.4 -2.3 -2.1 -1.8 1.8 -1.4 -1.5 -2.1 -2.1 -1.9 -1.6 -2.3 -1.9 -0.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.4
Past tobacco smoking 0.7 1.3 6.0 0.7 0.3 1.0 1.4 2.4 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 2.0 -2.0 -2.1 0.2 0.2 0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.4 2.3 6.1 1.2 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.5 -0.7 1.8 1.8 0.9 1.3 1.9 1.0 1.9 0.2 0.8 1.1 1.9 1.4
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 2.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.6 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.8 -0.4 1.5 0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -1.2 -0.2 0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.0 1.6 8.1 1.4 1.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.5 0.1 2.8 2.0 1.1 0.6 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 0.1
Had menopause 1.0 1.3 3.9 -2.0 -1.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.6 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9
Had other major operations 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.6 2.1 4.0 -1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -1.6 -0.5 1.8 -1.9 -1.6 -1.3 -1.6 -1.0 -1.6 -0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.8 4.0 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -2.0 -1.9 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.6 0.3 -1.0 -0.9
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.0
Qualifications: None of the above 0.7 1.5 3.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.6 -1.4 -1.4 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.2 -1.9 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.4 0.7 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.2 1.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -1.2 1.1 -1.1 -1.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.3
Heart attack 1.9 2.4 3.6 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0 1.6 -1.7 -1.9 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 -1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.8 -1.3 -1.7 -1.9
Allergy 0.6 1.4 2.6 -0.9 -1.5 -1.0 -1.1 -0.1 1.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -1.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.8 -1.6 -1.6
Pain all over the body in last month 2.2 2.4 4.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.7 -1.1 -0.8 1.2 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.9 -1.6 -1.6 -1.3 -1.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.7 1.1 2.1 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.5 -1.3 1.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5
Medication: Ramipril 2.1 2.7 5.6 -2.4 -1.7 -1.7 -1.4 -1.1 1.8 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5 -1.4 -2.0
Medication: Simvastatin 0.9 1.3 3.6 -1.5 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 1.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -1.6 -0.9 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 -1.6 -0.7 -1.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.7 1.5 4.2 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.1 0.9 -1.3 0.8 0.9 1.9 1.8 1.1 1.4 0.9 2.1 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.9
Illnesses of siblings 1.5 2.1 4.1 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.2 -1.1 1.5 1.8 1.1 1.3 2.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.7
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.3 2.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 -1.1 0.7 1.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.2
Weight 0.2 1.2 5.6 -0.3 0.4 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.6 2.4 2.0 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 1.0 0.6 2.3 1.0
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.4 1.8 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.3 1.3 0.4 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.6 1.9 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.9 1.4 0.1 1.4 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.7 -1.3 0.1 1.1 0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.2 5.0 -1.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 1.0 2.1 2.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -1.1 -0.0 1.7 0.3 2.2 0.6
Hip circumference 0.4 1.9 6.2 0.7 1.0 1.6 1.5 2.0 -0.3 2.5 1.8 0.9 1.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.9 2.3 1.6
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.3 1.9 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.8 4.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -1.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.3 0.0 -1.3 -2.2 -0.7 -1.1 -0.9
Father’s age at death 1.4 1.9 3.8 1.9 1.9 1.2 0.4 0.5 -1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.3 0.7 1.9 1.2 1.5
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 1.7 2.8 4.6 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 -1.3 -1.4 1.7 -1.5 -1.4 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -1.7 -1.9 -1.9 -0.9 -2.1 -1.5 -1.4
Falls in the last year 0.6 0.9 5.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 1.4 1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -1.2 -2.3 -1.1 -0.8 0.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.6 2.4 5.6 1.8 1.8 1.4 0.4 0.1 -1.1 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.6 2.4 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.5
Number of live births 3.0 4.3 6.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.2 1.0 -1.7 2.5 2.6 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.9 3.0 6.7 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.8 -0.1 2.6 -1.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.9 -1.0 -2.1 -0.6 -2.1 -1.9 -1.5 -1.7 -2.3
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 2.0 -0.6 -1.4 -0.3 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.2
Happiness 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.0
Noisy workplace 1.2 1.5 5.0 -0.5 -0.6 -1.4 -2.2 -2.0 1.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.7 1.5 2.9 0.9 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.2 -0.9 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.6 1.0 2.4 0.3 1.0 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 1.5 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.1 1.3 -0.7 1.5 1.5 0.6 1.4 0.9
Asthma 2.4 4.8 9.4 2.2 2.5 1.4 0.9 -0.1 -1.6 2.9 2.7 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.4 1.5 3.1 2.7 2.2 2.8 2.7
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.1 2.1 -1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -0.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.1 1.8 3.5 -1.7 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1 1.9 -0.5 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.8 -1.4 -0.6 -1.1
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.9 1.0 2.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.5 -0.8 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.3 1.7 1.2 0.5 1.2 1.4
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.6 1.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.6 1.3 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4
Illnesses of mother 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.7 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.6 1.8 3.7 -0.9 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 1.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5 -0.5 -1.6 -0.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.7
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.3 2.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 0.7 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.3 0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.1
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.5 2.6 -0.4 0.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.4 1.6 0.9 0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 1.4 0.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.2 5.0 -1.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 1.0 2.1 2.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.0 1.7 0.3 2.2 0.6
Standing height 0.4 3.8 15.9 0.3 1.6 1.3 -0.0 0.5 0.4 2.8 3.9 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.5 -0.4 2.1 4.0 1.8 3.2 1.4
Length of working week for main job 4.6 5.0 8.6 -2.3 -2.1 -2.2 -1.1 -1.4 2.1 -2.4 -2.5 -2.1 -2.2 -2.9 -2.1 -2.8 -1.9 -1.9 -2.5 -2.4 -2.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 2.1 2.3 4.3 -2.1 -1.9 -1.5 -0.6 -0.5 1.0 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.5 -2.0 -1.4 -1.0 -1.8 -1.6 -1.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.5 0.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.1 3.2 1.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 -0.1 -1.8 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.5 1.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.2 1.8 3.6 -1.1 -1.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.6 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.1 -1.8 -1.3 -1.9 -1.3 -0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.5 1.1 2.3 -1.1 -1.0 -1.2 -0.6 -1.2 0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -1.5 -1.0 -0.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0
Birth weight of first child 0.3 0.5 4.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.6 1.5 2.1 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.7 1.5 2.9 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.3 -0.5 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.6
Pulse wave reflection index 1.5 1.8 3.2 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.4 0.4 -0.6 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.6 0.9 0.4 1.2 1.5 0.9
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.9 1.6 0.4 1.0 1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 3.7 4.1 7.9 -2.8 -2.3 -2.1 -1.2 -0.9 1.9 -1.9 -1.5 -2.4 -2.4 -2.5 -2.3 -2.6 -1.6 -0.7 -1.7 -1.8 -2.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.2 0.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -1.4 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 3.6 5.9 8.5 -2.7 -2.9 -2.3 -1.4 -0.6 1.9 -2.3 -2.6 -2.4 -2.6 -2.9 -2.6 -2.5 -2.4 -2.8 -2.6 -2.4 -2.5
Headache pain in last month 1.5 2.6 4.1 -1.4 -1.5 -1.8 -1.2 -1.3 1.3 -1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -2.0 -1.7 -1.4 -2.0 -1.6 -1.8
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 3.8 6.4 10.4 2.8 2.8 2.3 1.4 0.8 -2.1 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.4 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.1 2.6 2.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.7 2.0 3.8 -1.4 -1.0 -1.5 -1.1 -1.5 0.6 -1.8 -1.5 -1.2 -1.4 -1.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6 -2.0 -1.7 -1.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.7 -1.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.1 0.3 2.3 0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -1.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4
Medication: Amlodipine 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.0 0.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.2 2.9 9.8 1.3 1.7 0.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7 2.1 2.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.8 0.5 3.1 2.8 2.0 1.9 1.7
Birth weight 0.2 0.5 2.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1 0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.8 0.9 2.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.6 -0.7 -1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.8 1.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 0.9 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.4 1.6 2.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.0 1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.3 1.8 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2 1.2 0.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.0 0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 0.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.7 -1.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 1.4 1.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3 -1.6 -0.3 1.3 -0.1 1.5 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 2.7 3.6 7.5 -2.7 -2.7 -1.8 -0.3 -0.5 1.1 -1.7 -1.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.4 -2.1 -2.7 -1.9 -0.5 -2.1 -1.6 -1.5
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.9 5.7 0.5 1.2 1.9 2.4 2.1 -1.9 1.2 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.5 1.2 1.1 1.2 -0.5 1.0 1.1 1.1
Number of full brothers 0.4 0.5 4.8 -0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 -1.0 -0.4 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.4 2.3 5.1 2.3 1.5 1.3 0.5 0.2 -1.1 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.5 3.2 5.5 -2.3 -2.1 -1.4 -0.8 0.1 0.9 -1.7 -2.1 -1.4 -1.6 -2.1 -2.2 -1.3 -2.3 -2.3 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.0 3.5 6.6 2.3 2.3 1.5 0.8 0.0 -1.3 2.4 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.3 2.6 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.2
Number of children fathered 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7
Age at first live birth 2.1 3.8 7.9 2.6 2.5 2.1 1.7 0.6 -2.7 0.6 0.9 2.8 2.5 1.9 2.4 2.4 1.7 0.9 1.9 0.7 1.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.8 0.9 3.7 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 1.5 0.2 -0.3 -1.9 -1.6 -1.0 -1.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.7 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.4 2.8 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -1.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.1 1.2 8.2 -0.3 -0.0 -1.0 -1.9 -2.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -1.7 1.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 3.4 5.7 9.8 2.4 2.4 2.3 1.2 0.8 -1.8 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.6 3.1 2.3 2.3 2.0 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.8 1.2 2.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.2 1.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 2.9 5.2 11.2 -2.5 -2.6 -1.8 -0.7 -0.6 1.3 -2.6 -3.1 -1.5 -1.8 -2.8 -2.1 -1.8 -2.3 -3.3 -2.8 -2.7 -2.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.8 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3 0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -1.9 -0.7 -1.6 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -1.0
Migraine (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.1 1.3 3.4 -1.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.7 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.1 0.4 -0.3
Medication: Omeprazole 2.9 3.5 8.2 -1.7 -1.5 -2.2 -1.8 -2.3 1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -2.0 -2.1 -2.5 -1.3 -2.9 -1.1 -0.8 -2.1 -1.6 -1.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 2.6 3.0 5.1 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.5 -1.8 1.6 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.9 2.1 1.3 -0.1 1.4 1.5 1.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.5 2.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 0.8 1.4 -0.9 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 -0.1 0.4 1.6 1.4
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 3.6 4.3 8.9 1.7 1.9 2.6 1.8 2.5 -1.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.6 1.7 3.0 1.6 0.9 2.3 2.3 1.9
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.5 2.7 -0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.6 1.1 0.4 0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.7
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.0 1.0 0.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.2 4.0 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.2 1.2 1.9 2.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.0 -1.4 -0.2 1.8 0.2 1.9 0.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.9 2.9 8.8 -1.9 -3.0 -1.8 -0.3 -0.1 1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -2.5 -2.3 -1.6 -2.5 -1.7 -2.1 -0.5 -1.2 -1.2 -0.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.4 2.3 0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.2 0.9 4.2 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.6 1.6 2.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 1.5 1.1 1.8 0.6
Number of full sisters 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.1 0.5 -0.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.8 -0.6 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.7
Overall health rating 2.1 4.5 7.4 -2.0 -2.5 -2.4 -1.0 -1.2 1.7 -2.1 -2.0 -2.5 -2.5 -2.7 -2.3 -2.1 -2.1 -1.6 -2.5 -2.1 -1.8
Chest pain or discomfort 0.9 1.3 3.1 0.8 1.7 1.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.6 1.1 1.0 1.8 1.6 0.3 1.7 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.9
Had major operations 1.4 1.7 3.7 -1.3 -1.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.0 1.7 -1.2 -0.8 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.8 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0
Age at last live birth 1.6 2.4 4.9 2.1 2.1 1.4 0.7 -0.2 -2.0 0.5 0.8 2.2 1.9 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.8 0.8 1.6 0.6 1.3
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 1.0 2.8 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.8 -0.3 1.5 1.6 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.8 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.2
Leg pain on walking 1.5 1.9 4.2 -1.6 -1.5 -1.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -2.0 -1.2 -2.0 -0.9 -0.6 -1.7 -1.4 -1.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 2.1 2.5 3.6 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.1 -1.4 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.9 1.6 1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.9 2.1 6.1 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.8 -0.7 1.9 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.0 2.5 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.4 1.7 6.2 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.4 -1.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.8 2.5 1.8 1.3 0.8 1.1
Medication: Aspirin 1.2 1.6 2.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 1.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.6 7.2 -2.0 -1.9 -1.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 -1.8 -2.4 -0.8 -1.1 -2.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.8 -2.7 -1.4 -2.0 -1.7
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -1.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.7 -0.5
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 0.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.7 0.9 2.8 -0.9 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.4 -1.7 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.3
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 4.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -2.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.4 -1.4 2.0 1.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 1.0 -0.1 0.7 0.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.2 4.6 -1.0 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.1 2.1 2.1 -0.7 -0.0 -0.4 0.1 -1.1 -0.3 1.4 0.2 2.1 0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.1 4.5 -0.7 0.1 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.9 2.1 2.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 1.0 0.2 2.1 0.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.6 1.7 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.2 -0.1 1.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.6 -1.2 0.2 1.1 0.7
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 2.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.1 0.9 1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.9 -1.5 -1.5 -0.7 -0.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.7
Mood swings 0.2 0.4 2.8 1.7 0.4 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.4
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.8 4.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.1 1.0 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.2 1.0 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.9 4.5 8.4 -1.5 -1.4 -2.5 -2.4 -2.4 2.0 -1.9 -2.2 -2.0 -2.1 -2.9 -1.7 -2.0 -1.3 -2.0 -2.7 -2.0 -2.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 1.3 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.7 3.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 1.1 -1.5 -1.8 -0.7 -0.9 -1.5 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.7 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 0.5 -0.2
Friendships satisfaction 1.5 1.9 4.3 0.4 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.5 -0.4 2.0 2.0 0.4 0.9 1.4 0.7 0.7 1.5 2.1 1.6 2.0 1.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.7 0.7 4.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.6 -1.7 -2.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 3.6 4.2 6.6 2.6 2.5 2.2 1.4 1.2 -1.8 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.3 1.5 2.0 2.2 2.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.9 1.5 8.6 0.4 0.2 -1.4 -1.5 -2.9 -0.2 -1.8 -1.4 -0.3 -0.7 -1.2 0.0 -1.3 0.5 -0.0 -0.9 -1.8 -1.0
Medication for cholesterol 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.7 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.4 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.3 0.2 1.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1
Back pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 3.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.3 -1.7 -1.7 1.2 -0.1 0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0 0.6 1.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 2.7 3.2 6.9 -1.7 -1.8 -2.0 -1.5 -1.7 0.3 -2.5 -2.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.8 -1.7 -1.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.6 -2.6 -1.8
Asthma (self-reported) 2.7 5.5 9.9 2.5 2.7 1.6 1.0 -0.1 -1.8 3.1 2.9 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.6 1.6 3.1 2.8 2.3 2.9 2.9
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 1.3 1.1 -0.1 1.1 0.4 1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.1 1.9 -1.0 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.1 1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9
Medication: Gliclazide 5.2 5.8 9.4 -2.3 -2.5 -2.4 -1.4 -0.7 2.1 -2.2 -2.9 -2.5 -2.6 -2.5 -2.6 -1.8 -3.1 -3.0 -2.9 -2.5 -2.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 1.2 1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.5 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.7
Smoking status: Current 0.7 1.0 3.5 -0.7 -0.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9 1.1 -0.5 -0.1 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.4 5.0 13.9 -1.6 -1.7 -1.4 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -3.3 -3.7 -1.1 -1.7 -1.8 -2.1 -0.3 -3.1 -3.7 -2.4 -3.4 -2.4
Whole body water mass 0.2 1.1 4.2 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.2 2.0 2.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -0.0 -1.2 -0.4 1.2 0.0 2.0 0.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.1 4.4 -0.7 0.1 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.9 2.1 2.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 -0.6 1.0 0.2 2.1 0.6
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.5 -0.3 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.3 1.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.1 1.4 0.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.0 1.7 4.5 -1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 0.2 -1.5 -1.7 -0.3 -0.7 -2.1 -0.3 -1.8 -0.4 -1.5 -1.7 -1.6 -1.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.9 1.2 3.1 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.3 0.2 -1.6 0.2 0.0 1.8 1.6 0.8 1.5 1.3 0.6 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.7
Miserableness 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.6 0.2
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.1 -1.3 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 -0.3 0.7 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.6 1.8 3.9 -1.7 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -1.2 1.8 -0.7 -0.5 -1.7 -1.5 -2.0 -1.3 -1.9 -0.3 -0.1 -1.3 -0.6 -1.4
Hearing aid user 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.3
Mother’s age at death 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.7 0.9 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.5
Financial situation satisfaction 2.2 2.7 5.6 -2.4 -2.1 -1.9 -1.4 -0.8 1.8 -0.9 -0.8 -2.3 -2.1 -1.4 -2.0 -2.2 -1.6 0.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 -0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.8 0.9 5.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 1.1 1.5 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 -1.6 -2.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.8 2.1 3.1 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 -1.0 0.6 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.5 -0.4 -1.8 -1.7 -1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.0 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.8 0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.9 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3 0.5 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 3.1 5.6 8.5 -2.9 -2.5 -2.3 -2.2 -1.4 2.4 -2.0 -2.2 -2.2 -2.2 -2.8 -2.1 -2.6 -2.5 -2.7 -2.6 -2.0 -2.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 2.0 3.1 5.4 -2.3 -2.3 -1.6 -0.8 0.2 1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.9 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -2.2 -2.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -1.5
Medication: Lisinopril 5.8 7.5 12.0 -2.7 -2.8 -2.9 -2.6 -2.3 2.3 -3.0 -3.1 -2.3 -2.6 -3.5 -2.6 -2.8 -2.3 -2.3 -2.8 -3.1 -2.9
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.9 2.3 3.9 -1.6 -1.9 -1.7 -0.9 -1.0 1.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -2.0 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.7 -1.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.3 1.6 3.8 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.8 -1.6 -1.7 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -0.8 -2.0 -1.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.0 2.5 4.8 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.0 -0.9 1.8 1.9 1.0 1.2 1.8 1.1 2.2 -0.1 0.9 1.7 1.9 1.7
Ever smoked 0.4 0.7 2.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.7 0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -1.5 1.3 1.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 1.2 5.0 -0.9 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.8 1.2 2.2 2.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.1 -0.3 1.3 0.2 2.2 0.6
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.0 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.0 0.4 0.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.1 4.3 -1.0 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.1 2.1 2.0 -0.7 -0.0 -0.5 0.1 -1.1 -0.3 1.3 0.2 2.1 0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 2.3 0.0 0.5 -0.0 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5
Irritability 1.0 1.8 7.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.8 -0.9 -2.3 0.2 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -0.7 -2.7 0.8 1.6 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8
Risk taking 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.3 0.7 1.6 0.4 0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.2 0.3 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.5
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.4 1.8 3.7 -1.4 -1.7 -1.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -1.4 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -1.1 -1.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.6 -0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 0.4 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.7 2.3 14.3 -1.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.3 1.2 1.4 -0.6 -1.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.8 -1.2 0.1 -2.7 -3.8 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.2 -0.4 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.9 0.6
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 5.4 7.0 9.8 -2.4 -2.4 -3.0 -2.5 -2.9 1.9 -3.1 -2.8 -2.3 -2.6 -3.0 -2.5 -2.7 -2.0 -1.6 -3.0 -3.0 -3.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 1.2 0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.8 -1.2 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7
Myopia 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.2 3.4 9.1 2.3 2.0 1.3 0.3 0.5 -0.6 1.8 2.6 1.0 1.3 2.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 3.0 1.7 2.0 2.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.1 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 4.1 5.0 9.9 -2.4 -2.1 -2.5 -1.7 -2.2 1.6 -2.1 -1.9 -2.4 -2.5 -3.0 -1.9 -3.1 -1.7 -1.4 -2.6 -2.1 -2.3
Pain experienced in last month 3.0 5.0 8.8 1.7 2.3 3.0 2.6 2.2 -2.4 1.9 1.8 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.3 1.0 0.7 2.0 2.0 2.0
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 -0.9 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.9 -0.8 0.0 0.4 -0.3
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.7 3.5 5.3 -2.2 -1.9 -1.9 -1.5 -1.2 1.9 -1.9 -2.1 -1.7 -1.8 -2.1 -2.0 -1.6 -1.4 -2.0 -1.7 -1.9 -2.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2 0.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 3.7 4.5 6.7 -2.5 -2.4 -2.2 -1.1 -0.5 1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.5 -2.5 -2.6 -2.4 -2.4 -1.8 -1.8 -2.3 -2.1 -2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.5 0.6 2.3 -0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 1.2 1.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.4 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.7 -0.3 0.0
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 1.1 3.9 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.5 1.2 2.0 1.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.0 -1.2 -0.5 1.2 0.2 2.0 0.4