Hub : Genes

GMCL1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0640 0.0240 3.1e-06 0.089 0.061 0.081 0.073 0.085 6.5e-11 5.5e-08 3.9e-10 3.0e-09 1.5e-10
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0320 0.0170 8.5e-03 0.040 NA 0.019 NA 0.016 3.3e-04 NA 1.0e-02 NA 1.7e-02
3 GTEx Adipose Visceral Omentum 0.0740 0.0380 5.7e-03 0.037 NA 0.000 NA 0.012 4.9e-03 NA 3.1e-01 NA 7.4e-02
4 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.1300 0.0640 6.0e-03 0.114 NA 0.054 NA 0.105 3.1e-04 NA 1.1e-02 NA 5.1e-04
5 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1326 0.0405 3.4e-08 0.068 NA 0.097 NA 0.112 3.0e-07 NA 8.9e-10 NA 4.5e-11
6 NTR Blood 0.0563 0.0160 2.9e-12 0.046 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.048 1.1e-14 4.1e-14 4.9e-14 4.4e-14 4.4e-15
7 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1648 0.0414 0.0e+00 0.171 0.176 0.162 0.179 0.180 2.1e-21 5.2e-22 2.3e-20 1.8e-22 1.5e-22
8 YFS Blood 0.0191 0.0088 1.6e-03 0.015 0.008 0.011 0.009 0.013 8.9e-06 6.4e-04 9.1e-05 6.0e-04 2.7e-05
9 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0269 0.0207 1.8e-03 0.025 0.016 0.012 NA 0.016 6.6e-04 5.7e-03 1.4e-02 NA 5.7e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.6 1.0 2.2 -0.9 0.9 1.3 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 -1.1 1.5 1.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.0 2.4 3.6 -1.6 1.3 1.8 -1.4 -1.3 0.4 -1.7 1.8 1.9
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 1.2 -0.7 1.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.0 0.6 -1.0 0.2 0.9
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 3.0 9.2 14.6 3.1 -3.6 -3.1 3.2 2.0 -0.4 2.8 -3.8 -3.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.1 -0.8 1.1 0.7 -0.7 -0.9 0.9 -1.1 0.6 0.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.7 1.5 2.2 -1.3 1.0 1.3 -1.2 -1.4 0.3 -1.4 1.1 1.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.8 1.9 -1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.4 -1.0 1.4 1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.9 3.6 -0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.1 -0.9 1.9 -1.0 -1.1 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.9 4.1 7.0 -2.0 2.1 1.8 -2.3 -2.6 2.4 -2.1 0.6 1.8
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.4 3.2 5.4 -1.7 2.1 1.6 -2.1 -2.3 1.8 -1.6 0.6 1.7
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.4 0.8 1.5 -0.7 1.1 1.0 -1.0 -1.2 0.5 -0.7 0.5 0.9
Major Depression (MDD) 1.4 1.6 3.9 -1.0 0.9 1.6 -0.9 -2.0 1.9 -1.2 0.5 0.6
Reaction Time 1.6 3.1 5.1 -2.2 1.8 1.4 -2.3 -1.9 1.0 -1.6 1.0 2.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 5.0 12.1 16.9 3.7 -4.0 -3.7 3.5 2.4 -1.3 3.6 -4.0 -4.1
Breast Cancer 3.4 8.1 17.5 -2.6 3.0 2.1 -2.8 -3.7 4.2 -3.0 -0.5 2.0
Ovarian Cancer 1.2 1.6 2.3 -1.1 1.3 1.4 -1.2 -1.5 1.4 -1.5 0.5 1.1
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.2 0.8 0.5
Age at First Birth 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.3 1.0 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.0 -0.7 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.3
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.0 1.4 3.0 1.3 -1.7 -0.7 1.6 1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.8 -1.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.8 3.3 4.4 -2.1 1.7 2.1 -2.0 -1.5 1.6 -2.0 1.2 1.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 3.4 5.4 10.9 -2.3 2.1 2.0 -2.2 -3.0 3.3 -2.7 -0.1 1.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.3
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.3 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 0.9 -1.4 0.7 0.5 -0.1
HbA1C 0.7 0.7 2.3 -1.0 0.9 0.3 -1.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.9 1.2
HDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.7 0.6 0.6 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.0 0.7 0.7
LDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.8 3.5 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 1.2 -0.2 -1.9 -0.5
Lupus 0.9 1.4 2.5 -1.4 1.6 0.9 -1.2 -0.8 -0.0 -1.1 1.3 1.6
Neuroticism (2016) 1.9 2.7 5.0 -1.7 2.2 1.5 -1.9 -1.7 1.5 -1.4 0.6 1.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.8 2.5 4.7 -1.5 1.9 2.2 -1.3 -1.2 0.8 -1.7 1.6 1.7
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.6 0.9 2.2 -0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -1.4 1.2 -0.7 -1.5 0.1
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.3 5.2 8.8 -2.4 1.7 3.0 -2.1 -2.0 1.1 -2.5 2.4 2.7
Triglycerides 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.5 2.9 4.9 -1.8 1.5 2.0 -1.6 -1.3 0.6 -1.8 2.2 2.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.9 1.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.9 0.4 1.1 0.1 1.0 -1.2 -1.1
Blood Platelet Count 8.3 95.8 204.5 8.5 -9.7 -8.7 8.3 13.2 -14.3 11.3 1.3 -6.5
Blood Red Count 0.5 5.0 9.1 1.8 -2.2 -2.6 1.5 3.0 -3.0 2.7 -0.4 -1.5
Blood White Count 0.1 0.9 2.1 0.8 -0.9 -1.4 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.8 -1.4 -1.1
Heel T-Score 0.1 0.8 1.6 -0.7 0.9 1.2 -1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 1.0
BMI 1.1 6.2 10.0 -2.9 2.6 2.3 -3.2 -2.6 1.7 -2.5 1.6 2.6
Height 1.1 21.4 31.1 4.3 -5.6 -4.9 4.9 5.3 -4.8 4.9 -1.9 -4.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.1 4.0 1.6 -1.6 -1.1 0.9 2.0 -1.7 1.6 0.6 -1.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.6 2.3 -0.0 0.6 0.0 -1.0 0.4 -1.3 0.3 1.5 0.5
Smoking Status 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 0.9 1.6 0.8 -0.9 -1.3 1.3 1.2 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.8
Cardiovascular Disease 1.6 5.4 9.9 -2.2 2.9 2.0 -2.5 -3.1 2.3 -2.4 0.3 2.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 0.8 3.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.9 1.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.5
Respiratory disease 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.7 1.0 0.2 -1.0 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.8
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 2.1 4.5 -1.3 1.6 1.0 -1.4 -2.1 1.8 -1.4 -0.9 1.0
Lung FVC 2.1 10.4 21.4 2.9 -3.0 -2.5 3.2 4.6 -4.5 3.6 -0.1 -2.2
Neuroticism 0.8 1.9 3.3 -1.6 1.8 1.1 -1.3 -0.9 0.6 -1.4 1.4 1.7
Chronotype (morning person) 1.2 2.7 8.0 -1.6 1.9 1.0 -2.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 2.2 2.0
Hair Pigment 0.2 5.6 21.1 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.5 -2.6 4.6 -1.4 -4.2 -1.5
Tanning 0.1 0.7 2.8 0.3 -0.6 -0.4 0.4 1.1 -1.7 0.9 0.8 0.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.8 2.1 3.0 -1.5 1.4 1.7 -1.6 -1.7 1.6 -1.6 0.1 1.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.8 1.5 3.1 1.3 -0.9 -1.7 1.4 0.8 -0.7 1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 3.6 0.8 -0.4 -1.3 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.8 -1.9 -1.0
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.0 3.3 5.1 -1.8 1.9 1.8 -1.9 -2.0 2.2 -2.1 0.8 1.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.9 1.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 0.4 1.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.7 2.9 -0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.3 -1.2 -0.2 1.7 0.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.7 2.5 -0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.4 1.6 -0.7 -0.9 0.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.1 1.3 4.6 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5 1.2 -2.1 0.7 2.0 0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 5.5 -1.5 1.9 1.3 -2.3 -1.3 0.8 -1.5 1.7 1.6
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.5 1.0 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.7 -1.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.6
Angina 1.9 2.5 6.4 -1.6 1.7 0.9 -2.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 2.5 2.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.7 0.8 1.6 -0.9 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 1.3 1.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 1.6 0.3
Supplements: Zinc 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.6
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 2.4 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.8 -1.6 0.4 1.5 0.6
Medication: Metformin 0.7 1.0 1.5 -0.9 1.1 0.9 -1.2 -1.2 1.0 -1.1 0.2 0.8
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.0 0.9 0.5
Diabetes (mother) 4.0 5.1 7.8 -2.3 2.4 2.4 -1.8 -2.5 2.4 -2.8 1.4 2.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.2 1.8 2.9 -1.4 1.3 1.2 -1.3 -1.3 1.1 -1.7 1.5 1.2
Impedance of leg (right) 0.5 2.5 4.4 2.1 -1.9 -1.0 2.1 1.6 -1.1 1.5 -0.2 -1.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.3
Trunk fat percentage 1.2 4.7 7.6 -2.3 2.2 1.8 -2.7 -2.8 1.9 -2.4 1.1 2.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.0 4.0 -1.2 1.2 1.5 -1.3 -2.0 2.0 -1.6 -0.3 0.9
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.4
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 0.2 0.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.4 0.2 -0.2
Maternal smoking around birth 1.4 2.1 3.3 1.3 -1.3 -1.8 1.4 1.5 -1.5 1.7 -1.1 -1.2
Fed-up feelings 1.3 2.4 4.0 -1.5 2.0 1.3 -1.1 -1.9 1.8 -1.8 0.1 1.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 1.2 0.5
Relative age voice broke 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.2
Taking other prescription medications 1.7 2.6 4.5 1.8 -1.4 -2.1 2.1 1.3 -1.1 1.5 -1.2 -1.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.0 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 1.0 1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.3 2.9 3.9 -1.8 1.4 1.9 -1.9 -1.6 0.7 -1.6 2.0 1.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 11.8 12.6 16.4 -3.9 3.8 3.5 -3.7 -4.1 3.5 -3.9 1.2 3.5
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2
High blood pressure 1.3 3.7 6.6 -1.9 2.4 1.7 -2.1 -2.6 1.9 -2.0 0.3 1.7
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.8 -0.6 -1.1 0.8 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.0 1.3 2.9 -1.1 1.1 1.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 1.7 1.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.8 2.2 3.1 -1.6 1.4 1.4 -1.4 -1.5 1.6 -1.8 1.0 1.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.8 -0.4 -1.4 0.8 0.3 -0.3 0.8 -1.2 -0.8
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.8 1.3 4.0 1.2 -0.6 -0.9 1.8 -0.0 0.8 0.3 -2.0 -1.3
Sitting height 1.7 11.9 17.8 3.4 -4.2 -3.5 3.3 3.9 -3.5 3.8 -1.5 -3.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.2 1.4 3.6 1.2 -1.1 -1.1 1.9 1.0 -0.7 1.1 -1.1 -1.2
High blood pressure (mother) 3.2 4.4 5.6 -2.3 2.3 2.3 -2.2 -1.8 1.3 -2.2 2.0 2.4
Body mass index (BMI) 2.2 9.2 12.9 -3.5 3.4 2.6 -3.6 -3.4 2.1 -3.2 1.5 3.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.4 1.8 3.3 1.8 -1.6 -0.9 1.6 1.4 -1.0 1.3 -0.2 -1.6
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.3
Trunk fat mass 0.6 2.7 4.6 -1.8 1.6 1.3 -2.1 -2.1 1.3 -1.8 0.7 1.6
Waist circumference 0.2 0.9 1.6 -1.1 0.8 0.8 -1.2 -1.2 0.6 -1.0 0.5 0.9
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.3 3.4 0.9 -1.2 -0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.8 1.0 0.8 -0.4
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.6 -0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 0.9 2.3 1.0 -0.7 -0.8 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.7 -1.5 -1.3
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.0 0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 2.0 3.3 5.7 -2.3 2.2 1.2 -1.9 -1.7 0.6 -1.8 1.5 2.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 2.0 2.6 4.3 -1.7 1.7 1.6 -2.1 -0.9 0.9 -1.3 1.9 1.9
Had menopause 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.6 -0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Had other major operations 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.9 1.3 -1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 2.3 9.0 14.8 2.7 -3.5 -2.6 3.0 3.9 -3.6 3.3 -1.4 -2.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.3 3.1 3.9 -1.9 1.6 1.7 -2.0 -2.0 1.6 -1.9 1.1 1.9
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 7.2 8.8 13.1 -3.5 3.2 2.1 -3.0 -3.6 3.4 -3.3 -0.1 2.9
Qualifications: None of the above 1.5 3.3 4.6 -2.1 2.1 1.4 -1.9 -1.7 0.4 -1.7 2.1 2.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 2.2 2.9 5.3 -1.9 2.1 1.1 -2.3 -1.7 1.6 -1.7 0.6 1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.9 -0.9 0.5 1.2 -0.0 0.9 0.0 -0.7 -1.0
Heart attack 1.1 1.5 5.6 -0.8 1.1 1.5 -1.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 2.4 1.2
Allergy 0.2 0.5 1.2 -0.5 0.4 0.7 -0.6 -1.1 1.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.8 2.8 5.4 -1.6 2.1 1.0 -1.8 -2.3 2.0 -1.7 -0.7 1.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 0.0 0.8 -0.4 -1.0 0.8 -1.1 0.5 0.6
Medication: Ramipril 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.4
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 -0.8 -0.5
Fluid intelligence score 1.7 3.6 5.6 1.9 -2.3 -1.8 1.7 1.3 -0.6 2.0 -2.4 -2.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.6 2.3 4.6 1.6 -1.5 -1.5 2.1 1.4 -0.9 1.5 -1.3 -1.5
Neuroticism score 1.5 3.2 4.9 -2.0 2.2 1.6 -1.7 -1.4 1.0 -1.9 1.8 2.1
Weight 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.0 0.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.5 3.4 1.6 -1.6 -1.2 1.0 0.7 -0.1 1.2 -1.0 -1.9
Arm fat percentage (right) 2.7 10.7 15.5 -3.6 3.5 2.8 -3.9 -3.9 2.9 -3.5 1.4 3.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.3 2.6 0.7 -1.6 -1.1 1.2 1.2 -1.4 1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Hip circumference 0.6 2.7 4.5 -2.0 1.6 1.4 -1.8 -2.1 1.4 -1.8 0.2 1.7
Time employed in main current job 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.4 0.7 1.1 -1.0 1.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.4 -1.0 0.5 1.1
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.3 2.4 3.8 -1.7 2.0 1.4 -1.7 -1.2 0.8 -1.4 1.4 1.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.9 0.5 0.8
Falls in the last year 0.8 1.1 2.2 -1.2 0.8 0.5 -1.5 -1.0 -0.0 -0.9 1.4 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.5 0.8 2.4 -0.7 1.5 0.5 -0.5 -1.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.7
Number of live births 0.7 1.0 4.5 -0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.7 0.5 -1.4 0.1 2.1 1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.2 4.0 8.9 1.5 -2.2 -1.6 1.7 2.7 -3.0 2.2 -0.9 -1.2
Pulse rate 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.2 0.5 0.1
Happiness 1.6 1.9 3.0 -1.6 1.5 1.1 -1.1 -1.5 1.6 -1.7 0.6 1.4
Noisy workplace 1.2 1.5 2.7 -1.4 1.2 1.4 -1.5 -1.6 0.9 -1.0 -0.0 1.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 4.4 9.8 18.8 3.5 -2.8 -3.5 2.8 2.0 -0.1 3.0 -4.3 -4.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 5.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.3 -2.3 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.6 1.1 4.3 0.1 0.1 -1.6 -0.5 0.9 -2.1 1.2 0.6 0.2
Asthma 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.9 0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.7 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 1.4 1.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.8
Depression (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.6 0.8 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.0 0.6
Medication: Lansoprazole 3.1 3.5 5.7 -2.1 2.4 1.4 -2.1 -1.5 0.5 -2.0 2.0 2.2
Prospective memory result 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 -0.3 1.2 0.6
Lung cancer (father) 3.0 3.5 5.3 1.8 -1.7 -2.3 2.0 1.9 -1.4 2.1 -1.5 -1.9
Illnesses of mother 1.4 1.7 2.8 1.1 -1.5 -1.5 0.9 1.6 -1.7 1.4 -0.5 -1.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.1 3.6 6.1 1.4 -2.2 -1.7 1.7 2.5 -2.4 2.1 -1.1 -1.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.4 1.7 2.4 1.5 -1.3 -1.5 1.5 1.0 -1.0 1.3 -0.7 -1.5
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.5 5.0 2.0 -1.8 -1.7 1.5 1.1 -0.2 1.5 -1.4 -2.2
Arm fat mass (right) 1.5 6.1 9.2 -2.9 2.5 2.1 -3.0 -2.9 1.8 -2.7 1.2 2.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.4 2.8 0.7 -1.7 -1.1 1.2 1.3 -1.5 1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Standing height 2.5 24.9 39.6 5.1 -6.3 -4.8 5.4 5.0 -4.1 5.2 -3.1 -5.2
Length of working week for main job 1.9 2.0 3.1 1.6 -1.6 -1.4 1.4 1.3 -1.2 1.7 -0.9 -1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.2 1.3 2.2 1.0 -1.3 -0.9 1.2 1.3 -1.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.9
Breastfed as a baby 2.5 3.1 4.5 1.8 -2.1 -1.5 1.7 1.7 -1.3 2.0 -1.4 -2.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.9 3.2 5.3 -2.2 2.2 1.3 -2.0 -1.4 0.5 -1.7 2.0 2.3
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.0 3.1 5.3 -1.8 2.3 1.4 -1.8 -2.1 1.6 -2.0 0.5 1.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.4 1.0 2.7 1.0 -0.5 -1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.0 0.3 -1.6 -1.3
Birth weight of first child 1.0 1.9 4.2 -1.8 1.2 1.3 -2.1 -0.9 0.5 -1.2 1.0 1.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.5 2.8 0.0 -0.7 -0.0 0.3 0.9 -1.7 0.5 0.4 0.2
Pulse wave reflection index 1.2 1.5 3.1 1.5 -1.1 -1.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 1.0 -1.8 -1.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.9 1.1 2.1 -1.4 1.0 0.8 -0.7 -1.2 0.8 -1.2 0.4 1.4
Loud music exposure frequency 3.6 4.0 7.1 -2.7 1.7 2.0 -2.1 -1.6 1.5 -2.2 1.2 2.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 3.3 4.3 6.0 -2.3 2.3 1.8 -2.2 -2.2 2.1 -2.5 0.7 2.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.4 1.8 6.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.0 -0.0 1.6 -2.3 1.1 2.5 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 1.3 0.8
Headache pain in last month 0.9 1.5 5.3 -0.9 0.7 0.9 -0.4 -1.5 2.3 -1.6 -0.9 0.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 1.2 -1.2 0.3 1.0 0.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.6 0.4 0.6 -0.8 0.9 -0.7 -0.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.7 0.9 -0.2 -0.8 -0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.6 1.2 4.3 0.4 0.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.8 1.8 -0.5 -2.1 -0.7
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.5
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.6
Birth weight 0.5 1.1 3.8 0.3 -0.5 -1.1 0.7 1.8 -1.9 1.0 -0.2 -0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.5 1.7 2.8 1.5 -0.7 -1.7 1.6 1.3 -1.1 1.4 -0.5 -1.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 2.4 3.5 6.1 -1.9 1.9 2.3 -2.5 -1.6 1.1 -1.9 1.4 1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 2.1 7.6 12.7 2.4 -3.3 -2.6 2.6 3.6 -3.1 3.0 -1.2 -2.3
Body fat percentage 1.8 7.2 10.4 -2.8 2.9 2.3 -3.2 -3.2 2.4 -3.0 1.3 2.5
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.5 9.0 12.5 -3.1 3.1 3.1 -3.2 -3.5 2.7 -3.4 1.5 2.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.6 2.0 0.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.5 1.0 -1.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 3.1 4.2 7.0 -2.5 2.5 1.8 -2.5 -1.6 0.5 -1.6 1.8 2.6
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.0 2.3 -1.0 1.4 0.1 -1.5 -1.1 0.9 -0.5 -1.0 0.6
Number of full brothers 1.2 1.5 3.2 -1.7 1.4 0.8 -1.8 -0.9 0.3 -0.9 0.7 1.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.7 1.2 5.6 -0.7 0.7 0.9 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 -0.1 2.4 1.1
Number of children fathered 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.2 1.4 4.6 0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.0 1.9 -2.1 0.7 1.8 0.3
Age at first live birth 1.9 3.4 7.0 1.9 -1.2 -2.5 1.5 0.7 0.2 1.8 -2.6 -2.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 1.1 -1.1 0.8 1.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.9 0.4 1.0
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.9 0.8 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.9 0.6 0.9
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.7 0.5 -0.5 0.9 -0.7 0.4 0.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 3.2 10.2 15.8 3.6 -3.9 -3.3 3.4 2.1 -0.9 3.1 -3.3 -4.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.0 -0.8 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.2 1.4 2.4 -1.4 1.1 0.9 -1.2 -0.9 0.2 -1.3 1.5 1.5
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.5 0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.6 2.7 6.8 1.7 -1.6 -1.4 1.6 0.4 0.7 1.2 -2.6 -2.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.7 2.5 4.3 -1.9 1.8 1.3 -1.7 -1.1 0.2 -1.4 1.8 2.1
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 1.7 4.5 -1.1 1.2 1.2 -1.2 -2.1 1.8 -1.4 -0.2 0.7
Angina (self-reported) 1.7 2.2 5.9 -1.5 1.6 0.8 -1.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 2.4 2.0
Migraine (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 1.4 -0.1 -1.4 -1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.0 -1.2 -0.7 1.2 0.8 -0.2 0.9 -0.9 -1.1
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.4 -1.0 0.6 0.8 -0.8 0.7 0.0 -0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.6 -1.5 -0.9 1.0 0.9 -0.6 0.9 -0.2 -0.9
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.1 2.2 3.6 -1.7 1.5 0.9 -1.8 -1.9 1.4 -1.4 0.5 1.6
Heart disease (mother) 1.2 1.4 2.6 -1.4 1.6 1.4 -1.3 -0.6 0.6 -1.1 0.8 1.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.7 0.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.7 0.7
Whole body fat mass 1.2 4.9 7.4 -2.5 2.2 1.9 -2.7 -2.7 1.8 -2.4 1.0 2.2
Leg fat mass (right) 1.4 5.4 7.6 -2.5 2.5 2.1 -2.7 -2.8 1.8 -2.6 1.1 2.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.4 1.5 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 0.8 -1.2 0.5 0.2 0.1
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.9 4.3 7.6 -2.8 2.5 1.6 -2.2 -1.7 1.0 -2.2 1.6 2.7
Comparative height size at age 10 1.9 10.3 14.7 2.9 -3.8 -3.3 3.2 3.6 -3.5 3.6 -1.6 -2.9
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 3.5 -1.4 1.9 0.8 -1.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 1.8 1.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.6 2.9 -0.7 0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 1.7 0.7
Overall health rating 1.0 2.0 4.9 -1.6 1.4 1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3 2.2 1.8
Chest pain or discomfort 2.3 3.3 5.5 -2.1 1.7 2.0 -1.8 -1.0 0.3 -1.8 2.3 2.3
Had major operations 1.6 1.9 4.3 -1.3 1.4 1.1 -1.4 -2.1 1.6 -1.5 0.5 1.0
Age at last live birth 1.2 1.8 5.5 1.2 -0.4 -2.3 0.9 0.4 -0.1 1.4 -1.9 -1.5
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 1.8 -1.3 1.3 0.6 -1.2 -0.7 0.3 -1.0 1.1 1.3
Leg pain on walking 0.6 0.8 3.7 -0.6 0.7 0.8 -0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 1.9 0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.5 1.8 3.3 -1.4 1.5 1.8 -1.5 -0.5 0.2 -1.1 1.5 1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 2.5 2.8 7.7 -1.4 1.0 1.7 -1.2 -2.3 2.8 -1.9 -0.7 0.9
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.9 0.5 0.9 -0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.6 1.0 -1.0 0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -1.0 0.9
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.8 2.8 5.1 -1.9 2.3 1.5 -2.1 -0.9 -0.1 -1.1 1.6 2.2
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.2 3.4 6.6 -1.8 2.3 1.5 -1.9 -2.6 1.9 -1.8 -0.1 1.5
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.7 2.0 3.0 -1.6 1.6 1.1 -1.7 -1.0 0.6 -1.4 1.4 1.7
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.4 2.0 3.5 -1.3 1.4 1.8 -1.8 -0.7 -0.2 -1.1 1.7 1.9
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.0 1.3 2.4 1.2 -0.9 -1.6 1.2 1.1 -1.3 1.2 -0.4 -1.1
Smoking status: Previous 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.6 -0.9 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.0 2.0 3.6 1.0 -1.8 -1.6 1.1 1.9 -1.8 1.6 -0.3 -0.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 1.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 0.5 0.7 -1.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.2
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.6 10.3 14.8 -3.5 3.5 2.7 -3.9 -3.8 2.9 -3.5 1.3 3.1
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -1.2 -0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.1 5.2 -0.5 0.5 0.7 -1.0 0.6 -1.1 -0.1 2.3 1.0
Mood swings 1.7 3.0 5.0 -1.9 2.2 1.8 -1.6 -1.4 1.1 -2.0 1.1 2.1
Loneliness, isolation 1.3 1.8 2.6 -1.5 1.6 1.0 -1.6 -1.1 0.4 -1.4 1.5 1.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 1.3 0.6
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.2 1.9 3.4 -1.4 1.9 0.7 -1.6 -1.9 1.4 -1.3 -0.3 1.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.8 -0.6 0.4 0.3 -0.2
Friendships satisfaction 1.2 1.5 3.3 -1.1 1.2 0.6 -1.4 -1.6 1.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.8
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.7 1.1 3.2 0.9 -1.3 -0.8 0.7 0.1 0.4 1.1 -1.8 -1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 2.2 2.3 4.0 1.5 -1.6 -2.0 1.5 1.3 -0.8 1.6 -1.5 -1.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.9 1.1 -1.3 0.5 0.9 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.0 0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.4
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.6 -1.1 -0.4 0.6 0.9 -0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.6 0.7 3.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.6 -1.4 0.2 1.9 0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 1.7 2.5 4.7 -1.8 1.6 2.2 -1.4 -0.9 0.3 -1.5 1.7 2.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.8 0.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.1 1.1 -1.1 0.3 1.5 0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.0 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.9 0.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 2.0 2.5 3.8 1.9 -1.5 -1.7 1.9 1.1 -0.9 1.7 -1.4 -1.8
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 4.4 0.8 -0.5 -1.2 0.5 1.4 -2.1 1.4 0.3 -0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 0.0 0.6
Medication: Gliclazide 0.5 0.5 1.3 -0.6 0.6 0.9 -0.4 -1.1 1.0 -0.7 0.0 0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.9 1.2 4.3 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.4 0.2 -2.1 -1.2
Smoking status: Current 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.9 1.2 0.7 -0.9 -1.3 1.1 -0.9 0.5 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.3 2.8 7.0 1.2 -1.2 -1.9 1.2 2.3 -2.6 1.9 -0.7 -0.9
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.5 1.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.7 0.5 0.7 -1.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.2
Arm fat mass (left) 1.4 5.9 8.9 -2.8 2.5 2.0 -3.0 -2.8 1.7 -2.6 1.2 2.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.9 0.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.0 -0.7 -1.2 0.5 0.8 -0.6 1.2 -0.8 -1.0
Miserableness 2.5 4.3 6.6 -1.9 2.6 1.8 -2.0 -2.4 2.5 -2.4 -0.0 1.8
Guilty feelings 0.4 0.6 2.2 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.7 -1.0 0.0 1.5 0.9
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 2.6 2.9 7.6 1.9 -1.3 -1.7 2.1 0.6 0.3 1.2 -2.8 -2.0
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 1.0 1.2 -1.1 0.5 0.3 -0.5
Mother’s age at death 0.7 0.9 4.3 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.0 -1.2 2.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1
Financial situation satisfaction 1.1 1.4 2.3 -1.5 1.3 0.5 -1.5 -1.2 1.1 -1.1 0.6 1.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 4.3 5.1 8.7 2.4 -2.3 -3.0 2.2 2.1 -1.4 2.3 -1.9 -2.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.8 1.2 0.5 -1.0 -1.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 0.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.3 1.6 2.3 -1.4 1.0 1.1 -1.5 -1.5 1.5 -1.3 -0.1 1.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.7 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 0.7 -0.9 1.0 -1.1 -0.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.4 3.7 5.9 -2.0 2.2 1.4 -2.4 -2.4 2.0 -1.9 0.9 1.6
Medication: Paracetamol 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.2
Medication: Lisinopril 1.7 2.2 5.1 1.5 -1.0 -1.9 1.3 0.7 -0.3 1.5 -2.3 -1.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.3 1.7 3.1 -1.1 1.5 1.5 -1.6 -0.7 0.2 -1.1 1.8 1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.6 -1.0 0.5 0.6 0.3
Ever smoked 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.6 1.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.2 -0.2 0.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.7 9.7 13.4 -3.2 3.4 3.0 -3.5 -3.7 2.9 -3.5 1.4 3.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 0.7 -1.1 0.4 0.3 0.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.0 1.1 0.4
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.2 1.8 3.7 -1.8 0.8 1.4 -1.1 -1.0 0.1 -1.4 1.5 1.9
Irritability 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.7 1.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.5 -0.8 0.6 0.8
Risk taking 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.7 0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 1.0 0.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.8 -0.0 0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.4 0.3 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.6 -0.4 -1.4 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.7 -0.3 -0.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill 7.3 9.1 13.1 3.2 -3.3 -3.6 3.2 2.8 -1.4 3.0 -2.5 -3.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.4 4.3 -1.3 1.9 1.7 -2.1 -1.3 0.6 -1.5 1.7 1.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.1 1.4 2.3 -1.2 1.5 1.1 -1.0 -1.2 1.3 -1.4 0.6 1.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.6 0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 1.3 0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.0 -0.8 -1.4 0.7 0.9 -0.3 1.2 -1.5 -1.2
Myopia 0.9 1.4 2.7 1.6 -1.3 -0.9 1.3 1.0 -0.8 1.2 -0.3 -1.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.1 2.9 5.2 1.7 -2.2 -1.4 2.1 2.3 -1.5 1.6 -0.4 -1.5
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.0 -0.8 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.7 2.2 0.3 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 1.2 -1.5 0.8 0.5 -0.0
Pain experienced in last month 4.0 6.7 9.5 3.0 -2.9 -2.9 2.6 2.2 -1.5 2.8 -1.6 -3.1
Supplements: Calcium 7.3 8.1 12.2 3.1 -2.7 -3.5 3.0 2.7 -2.3 3.1 -2.0 -2.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.2 2.6 5.1 1.8 -1.5 -1.6 1.6 1.3 -0.5 1.6 -2.3 -1.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 5.0 -1.1 1.4 1.6 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 2.2 1.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.3 1.7 5.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 1.6 -2.2 1.2 2.3 0.0
Heart disease (siblings) 0.9 1.2 2.7 -1.3 1.4 0.3 -1.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 1.2 1.5
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 3.5 4.0 7.1 -2.6 2.1 1.4 -2.4 -1.7 0.6 -1.8 1.9 2.7
Pack years of smoking 0.9 1.3 2.1 -1.2 1.1 0.9 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 -1.4 1.4 1.0
Impedance of whole body 0.6 3.3 5.4 2.3 -2.2 -1.5 2.0 1.7 -0.9 1.8 -0.8 -2.3
Leg fat mass (left) 1.5 5.7 8.1 -2.6 2.6 2.1 -2.9 -2.8 1.8 -2.6 1.1 2.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -1.2 0.3 0.3 0.2