Hub : Genes

GRINA

Models

#	panel	tissue	h2	h2 se	h2 P	eQTL R2	BLUP R2	ENET R2	BSLMM R2	LASSO R2	eQTL P	BLUP P	ENET P	BSLMM P	LASSO P
1	GTEx	Brain Caudate basal ganglia	0.1610	0.0680	5.8e-03	0.002	NA	-0.006	NA	0.030	2.9e-01	NA	5.2e-01	NA	4.8e-02
2	GTEx	Muscle Skeletal	0.0794	0.0271	8.6e-06	0.057	NA	0.047	NA	0.055	2.9e-06	NA	2.1e-05	NA	3.8e-06
3	NTR	Blood	0.0193	0.0071	3.5e-06	0.027	0.018	0.019	0.019	0.024	2.6e-09	1.1e-06	6.3e-07	7.6e-07	1.8e-08
4	YFS	Blood	0.3689	0.0356	0.0e+00	0.537	0.530	0.550	0.547	0.550	4.6e-213	5.8e-209	2.4e-221	4.4e-219	4.6e-221

Trait associations

Trait	Avg chi2 ratio	Avg chi2	Max chi2	1	2	3	4
Bipolar Disorder (2018)	3.5	5.5	8.7	-0.1	2.9	-2.2	-2.9
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia	2.9	7.1	10.2	1.3	3.2	-2.6	-3.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018)	0.2	0.5	0.8	-0.1	-0.7	0.9	0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018)	0.1	0.2	0.3	-0.4	0.6	-0.4	-0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018)	0.3	1.1	1.7	-0.9	1.3	-0.9	-0.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018)	0.2	0.4	0.6	-0.4	-0.5	0.8	0.7
Schizophrenia (2018)	1.5	3.1	4.4	2.1	1.8	-1.6	-1.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder	9.5	12.5	17.0	-0.2	-4.0	4.1	4.1
Worry (Nagel 2018)	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.7	-0.3	-0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother)	0.6	0.7	1.2	0.4	0.8	-1.1	-0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father)	1.4	1.6	6.1	-2.5	0.1	-0.2	-0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy)	1.5	2.2	3.0	-1.3	1.3	-1.7	-1.6
Crohns Disease (2017)	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.1	-0.6	0.8	0.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD)	0.3	0.6	1.4	0.1	0.8	-0.7	-1.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC)	1.6	3.0	5.1	0.1	1.9	-1.8	-2.3
Major Depression (MDD)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reaction Time	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.6	-0.7	-0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR)	0.4	1.0	1.5	-1.0	-0.7	1.1	1.2
Breast Cancer	0.7	1.7	3.2	-1.8	-1.2	1.0	1.0
Ovarian Cancer	0.4	0.6	0.8	-0.5	-0.9	0.7	0.8
Prostate Cancer	0.3	0.5	0.8	-0.9	-0.4	0.6	0.8
Age at First Birth	0.2	0.3	0.4	-0.4	-0.5	0.4	0.7
Bipolar Disorder (2011)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010)	0.3	0.4	1.6	-1.3	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)	0.3	0.3	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2
Crohns Disease (2012)	0.8	1.3	2.6	0.0	-0.9	1.6	1.2
Mean Putamen Volume	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.9	-0.1	0.4	0.4
Fasting Glucose	0.5	0.6	1.0	-0.1	-1.0	0.8	0.8
HbA1C	0.2	0.3	0.4	-0.5	-0.6	0.4	0.6
HDL Cholesterol	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.0	-0.4	0.6	0.6
LDL Cholesterol	20.5	32.5	47.3	0.1	6.9	-6.3	-6.5
Lupus	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Neuroticism (2016)	0.8	1.1	2.2	-1.5	-0.5	0.9	1.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis	0.5	0.7	1.3	1.0	-1.1	0.4	0.6
Rheumatoid Arthritis	1.0	1.3	1.9	-0.2	-1.3	1.3	1.4
Schizophrenia (2014)	0.3	0.7	2.6	1.6	-0.0	0.4	0.1
Triglycerides	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.2	0.3	0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012)	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1
Ulcerative Colitis	1.5	2.2	3.3	-0.0	1.6	-1.7	-1.8
Blood Eosinophil Count	0.4	3.2	4.4	-2.1	1.8	-1.4	-1.8
Blood Platelet Count	26.8	311.3	458.0	3.9	21.4	-19.6	-19.7
Blood Red Count	2.4	23.1	28.7	-2.9	-5.3	5.4	5.2
Blood White Count	0.7	4.8	7.3	-0.4	2.4	-2.7	-2.5
Heel T-Score	0.3	2.4	5.2	2.3	1.0	-1.4	-1.3
BMI	0.5	2.7	4.0	-1.2	1.4	-2.0	-1.8
Height	9.7	186.3	225.0	-9.5	-15.0	14.6	14.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR)	2.3	10.2	16.7	-0.8	-3.5	4.1	3.3
Systolic Blood Pressure	0.5	2.5	3.8	0.1	-1.6	1.9	1.9
Smoking Status	0.0	0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.1	0.5	-0.0
Allergy or Eczema	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3	0.2	0.1	-0.2
Cardiovascular Disease	0.3	0.9	1.3	-0.6	1.1	-1.1	-0.9
Hypothyroidism (self reported)	0.1	0.2	0.8	0.9	-0.1	0.2	-0.1
Respiratory disease	0.6	1.4	1.7	-1.3	-1.2	1.1	1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018)	0.2	0.4	0.9	-0.9	-0.8	0.0	0.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio	0.7	3.8	6.2	0.2	2.5	-2.1	-2.1
Lung FVC	0.5	2.5	2.9	1.6	1.7	-1.5	-1.4
Neuroticism	0.2	0.5	1.0	-0.2	-0.6	1.0	0.9
Chronotype (morning person)	2.0	4.7	6.8	-0.0	2.6	-2.3	-2.6
Hair Pigment	0.0	0.9	1.7	-1.3	0.9	-0.7	-0.7
Tanning	1.6	19.2	23.2	-3.5	-4.8	4.5	4.6
Hand grip strength (left)	2.4	6.4	13.2	-3.6	-2.1	1.8	2.2
Number of treatments/medications taken	1.2	2.2	3.0	0.3	1.7	-1.7	-1.7
Average weekly spirits intake	0.3	0.3	1.1	-1.1	-0.3	0.2	0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	-0.3	0.5	0.3
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks	0.3	0.5	0.8	-0.2	0.9	-0.5	-0.8
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes	0.6	0.9	1.5	-0.3	-1.1	1.2	1.0
Relative age of first facial hair	1.3	2.7	4.0	1.1	-2.0	1.8	1.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor	1.0	1.3	4.8	2.2	0.1	-0.5	-0.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT)	1.3	1.7	2.3	0.2	1.4	-1.5	-1.5
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed)	2.1	2.4	3.8	0.6	-1.5	1.9	1.7
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.2	0.5	0.9	0.1	-0.4	1.0	0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease	1.6	1.7	2.6	0.0	1.5	-1.6	-1.4
Angina	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.5	-0.3	-0.5	-0.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.7	-0.6	-0.5
Vitamin and mineral supplements	1.5	2.1	2.9	0.1	1.7	-1.7	-1.6
Supplements: Zinc	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.3	-0.1	-0.3
Medication: Co-codamol	2.6	3.0	4.1	2.0	1.6	-1.7	-1.6
Medication: Metformin	0.3	0.4	1.4	-1.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.2
Diabetes (father)	0.7	0.9	1.2	-0.5	-0.9	1.1	1.0
Diabetes (mother)	1.9	2.4	4.1	0.0	-1.7	2.0	1.7
Severe depression (siblings)	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.4	1.4	-1.2	-1.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.1	-0.7	0.1	0.3
Impedance of leg (right)	1.0	4.9	6.4	1.2	-2.5	2.4	2.5
Leg fat-free mass (left)	2.6	13.5	17.0	-4.1	-3.6	3.5	3.4
Trunk fat percentage	0.4	1.6	6.2	-2.5	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2
Hand grip strength (right)	1.4	3.7	4.5	-1.7	-2.1	1.7	2.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment	0.6	0.8	3.2	1.8	0.2	0.1	-0.2
Current tobacco smoking	0.5	0.9	2.8	1.7	0.6	-0.3	-0.6
Average weekly fortified wine intake	8.7	10.2	13.9	-1.3	-3.7	3.5	3.6
Maternal smoking around birth	3.5	5.1	5.6	-2.4	-2.2	2.3	2.2
Fed-up feelings	0.6	1.1	1.8	0.3	-1.3	1.1	1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks	0.1	0.2	0.3	-0.1	-0.4	0.6	0.5
Relative age voice broke	1.9	2.8	4.4	0.2	-2.1	1.9	1.8
Taking other prescription medications	0.8	1.3	1.7	0.7	1.2	-1.2	-1.3
Age when periods started (menarche)	2.5	6.0	9.1	-0.2	-3.0	2.4	3.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed)	0.6	0.7	2.7	1.6	-0.0	-0.2	-0.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left)	0.3	0.7	1.9	1.4	-0.3	-0.7	-0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past	3.4	3.6	4.0	-2.0	-1.8	2.0	1.8
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent	0.5	0.7	1.6	0.5	-0.6	1.3	0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself	2.1	2.5	4.1	0.4	2.0	-1.5	-1.8
High blood pressure	0.1	0.3	0.5	-0.1	0.7	-0.6	-0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals	1.2	1.5	1.7	-1.0	-1.3	1.3	1.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month	3.0	3.7	6.1	0.7	-2.5	2.0	2.0
Supplements: Glucosamine	0.7	0.9	2.8	-1.7	-0.5	0.4	0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported)	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3	-0.1
Medication: Atenolol	0.3	0.3	1.1	-1.0	0.1	-0.3	-0.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium	0.4	0.6	1.8	1.3	-0.6	0.4	0.3
Sitting height	9.3	65.8	76.6	-6.8	-8.8	8.2	8.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father)	1.8	2.1	3.1	1.8	1.4	-1.2	-1.4
High blood pressure (mother)	1.3	1.8	2.6	0.4	1.6	-1.5	-1.5
Body mass index (BMI)	0.7	3.2	4.4	-1.1	1.7	-2.1	-2.0
Impedance of leg (left)	1.3	6.3	8.0	1.5	-2.8	2.7	2.8
Leg predicted mass (left)	2.6	13.7	16.7	-4.1	-3.7	3.5	3.5
Trunk fat mass	1.2	5.1	11.8	-3.4	-2.0	1.4	1.6
Waist circumference	0.5	1.7	6.4	-2.5	-0.5	0.2	0.1
Number of incorrect matches in round	0.3	0.5	2.1	1.4	0.1	-0.2	-0.1
Past tobacco smoking	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.9	0.1	-0.4	-0.3
Alcohol usually taken with meals	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.7	0.1	-0.2	-0.2
Nervous feelings	0.4	0.8	1.2	0.3	1.1	-0.9	-1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks	0.5	0.8	1.4	0.0	1.2	-0.9	-1.0
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise	0.9	1.5	5.4	-2.3	-0.5	0.4	0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2	4.4	5.6	9.1	-0.5	-2.4	3.0	2.7
Had menopause	0.6	0.7	1.1	-0.1	1.1	-0.9	-1.0
Had other major operations	0.2	0.2	0.6	-0.0	0.5	-0.3	-0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC)	2.4	9.4	11.5	-2.0	-3.3	3.3	3.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right)	0.3	0.7	1.4	1.1	-1.2	0.1	0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week	1.8	2.2	2.8	-1.1	1.7	-1.6	-1.5
Qualifications: None of the above	1.0	2.1	5.2	2.3	0.8	-0.9	-1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.0	-0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems	2.4	3.7	5.8	-0.8	-1.9	2.4	2.2
Heart attack	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.1	-0.0
Allergy	0.4	1.0	1.8	1.3	0.9	-0.9	-0.7
Pain all over the body in last month	1.0	1.0	1.6	-0.4	-1.3	1.1	1.1
Diabetes (self-reported)	0.7	1.1	2.9	-0.3	-1.7	0.7	1.0
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported)	0.4	0.5	0.9	0.6	-0.6	1.0	0.7
Medication: Ramipril	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.4	0.1	-0.1	0.0
Medication: Simvastatin	9.1	13.3	18.6	0.2	4.3	-4.1	-4.2
Fluid intelligence score	0.7	1.5	3.3	-1.8	-0.5	1.0	1.1
Illnesses of siblings	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.1	-0.3	0.6	0.3
Neuroticism score	0.2	0.5	0.9	-0.4	-0.5	0.9	0.7
Weight	2.3	11.5	15.6	-4.0	-3.5	3.0	3.1
Impedance of arm (right)	0.4	1.7	3.5	0.0	1.9	-1.2	-1.3
Arm fat percentage (right)	1.7	6.6	8.7	-1.7	2.7	-3.0	-2.8
Trunk fat-free mass	6.5	37.1	45.6	-4.5	-6.8	6.4	6.4
Hip circumference	0.7	2.8	9.7	-3.1	0.6	-0.9	-0.7
Time employed in main current job	0.2	0.2	0.6	-0.8	0.3	0.0	-0.2
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously	1.8	2.8	7.2	2.7	1.0	-1.3	-1.1
Father’s age at death	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.4	-0.4	-0.0	0.2
Worrier / anxious feelings	0.1	0.3	0.4	-0.6	-0.6	0.3	0.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks	0.1	0.2	0.6	-0.8	0.0	0.2	-0.1
Falls in the last year	3.9	5.3	8.1	0.9	2.8	-2.2	-2.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3	1.0	1.5	2.6	0.1	1.3	-1.6	-1.3
Number of live births	1.2	1.7	2.6	1.6	-1.4	1.2	0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1)	1.0	3.4	3.8	-1.8	-1.6	1.9	2.0
Pulse rate	2.4	4.1	6.4	0.1	2.2	-2.5	-2.3
Happiness	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Noisy workplace	1.2	1.5	1.8	0.9	1.3	-1.3	-1.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent	0.3	0.6	2.3	-1.5	-0.1	0.3	0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years	0.9	1.0	2.1	-1.4	0.8	-0.9	-0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures	0.6	1.0	1.9	0.4	0.7	-1.4	-1.3
Asthma	1.2	2.4	4.4	-2.1	-1.4	1.4	1.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen)	1.9	2.5	3.7	0.0	-1.8	1.9	1.7
Medication: Cholesterol lowering	11.7	18.2	25.0	0.1	5.0	-5.0	-4.8
Depression (self-reported)	1.6	1.9	3.1	0.2	1.8	-1.5	-1.5
Medication: Lansoprazole	0.6	0.7	1.2	0.5	0.7	-1.1	-0.9
Prospective memory result	0.3	0.4	1.3	1.1	0.1	-0.3	-0.1
Lung cancer (father)	0.3	0.3	1.4	-1.2	0.0	-0.0	-0.0
Illnesses of mother	0.0	0.1	0.2	-0.4	-0.2	0.1	0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure	1.1	3.4	4.7	-1.2	-1.7	2.1	2.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index	1.0	1.1	1.7	-0.6	1.0	-1.3	-1.2
Impedance of arm (left)	0.3	1.3	2.5	0.2	1.6	-1.1	-1.2
Arm fat mass (right)	0.4	1.6	6.2	-2.5	0.0	-0.4	-0.3
Trunk predicted mass	6.2	35.5	43.4	-4.4	-6.6	6.3	6.3
Standing height	11.3	111.6	135.9	-6.6	-11.7	11.6	11.5
Length of working week for main job	0.3	0.3	1.0	1.0	0.3	-0.2	-0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home	0.5	0.6	1.5	1.2	0.7	-0.3	-0.6
Breastfed as a baby	6.0	7.5	10.5	0.1	3.0	-3.2	-3.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’	0.2	0.3	0.5	-0.7	-0.4	0.5	0.6
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	2.8	4.3	6.7	0.7	2.6	-2.1	-2.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4	0.5	1.2	4.3	-2.1	-0.4	-0.5	0.0
Birth weight of first child	2.2	3.9	6.8	-2.6	-1.5	1.9	1.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)	0.5	1.2	4.9	-2.2	-0.0	-0.1	0.1
Pulse wave reflection index	0.2	0.2	0.7	-0.9	0.4	-0.1	-0.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days	0.5	0.5	1.5	-1.2	0.6	-0.1	-0.6
Loud music exposure frequency	1.4	1.5	3.1	-1.8	-0.9	1.2	0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent	0.4	0.6	1.2	0.3	-0.7	0.8	1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums	1.8	2.4	3.2	1.2	1.6	-1.8	-1.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT)	0.2	0.3	1.0	1.0	0.3	-0.1	-0.3
Medication: Paracetamol	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.5	-0.4	-0.7
Headache pain in last month	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.7	-0.2	0.4	0.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes	1.5	2.5	3.8	0.6	-1.7	1.9	1.7
Glaucoma (self-reported)	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.7	-0.8	-0.8
Gout (self-reported)	1.2	1.6	2.6	0.5	-1.6	1.3	1.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported)	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	-0.6	0.5	0.3
Medication: Amlodipine	0.2	0.2	0.9	-0.9	-0.2	-0.0	0.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler	4.3	5.5	6.4	-1.9	-2.4	2.5	2.5
Birth weight	1.6	3.5	9.9	-3.1	1.2	-1.1	-1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother)	1.1	1.2	2.1	0.0	-1.2	1.5	1.2
High blood pressure (siblings)	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.2	-0.4	-0.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure	3.2	11.6	15.1	-2.0	-3.6	3.8	3.9
Body fat percentage	0.3	1.3	3.3	-1.8	0.5	-1.0	-0.8
Leg fat percentage (right)	0.2	0.9	1.5	-0.8	0.7	-1.2	-1.0
Arm fat-free mass (right)	6.6	34.0	43.8	-4.1	-6.6	6.1	6.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home	0.4	0.5	0.7	-0.3	-0.7	0.9	0.9
Comparative body size at age 10	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.0	-0.4
Number of full brothers	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.4	-0.6	0.6	0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment	1.4	2.3	3.8	-1.3	-1.3	2.0	1.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	2.6	3.4	10.7	3.3	0.9	-1.1	-0.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year	0.7	1.2	1.6	-1.1	-1.3	1.0	0.9
Number of children fathered	1.3	1.5	2.7	-1.6	1.2	-0.9	-1.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution	1.7	2.0	3.0	-0.8	-1.7	1.4	1.5
Age at first live birth	2.1	3.8	4.2	-1.9	1.9	-2.1	-1.8
Pulse wave peak to peak time	2.6	3.1	4.7	0.2	-1.9	2.2	2.0
Health satisfaction	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.6	0.1	-0.2	-0.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground	1.4	1.6	2.8	0.2	1.4	-1.4	-1.7
Qualifications: College or University degree	2.1	6.7	8.5	-1.7	-2.6	2.9	2.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above	1.0	1.1	1.7	-0.1	-1.1	1.3	1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth	0.7	0.8	1.5	0.7	0.6	-1.2	-1.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis	0.3	0.4	0.4	-0.6	-0.6	0.6	0.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.5	-0.2	0.0	0.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.4	0.4	0.4
Medication: Blood pressure	0.8	1.4	1.9	-1.3	-1.4	0.8	1.2
Angina (self-reported)	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.6	-0.7	-0.0	0.4
Migraine (self-reported)	0.4	0.5	0.9	0.0	0.9	-0.5	-0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen	0.9	1.1	1.6	-0.1	-1.2	1.3	1.2
Medication: Allopurinol	1.0	1.4	2.0	-0.0	-1.4	1.3	1.3
Medication: Omeprazole	0.9	1.0	1.6	0.1	1.0	-1.3	-1.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler	0.5	0.6	1.2	0.1	1.1	-0.9	-0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches	0.4	0.8	1.3	0.4	0.9	-0.9	-1.1
Heart disease (mother)	0.5	0.6	1.8	-1.4	0.5	-0.3	-0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria	4.8	5.7	7.9	-0.3	2.8	-2.7	-2.8
Whole body fat mass	0.8	3.3	8.8	-3.0	-1.5	0.9	1.1
Leg fat mass (right)	0.4	1.7	4.4	-2.1	-1.2	0.6	0.8
Arm predicted mass (right)	6.2	31.5	41.5	-3.9	-6.4	5.9	5.9
Pulse rate, automated reading	0.5	1.5	3.6	-1.9	-1.1	0.5	1.0
Alcohol intake frequency.	2.1	4.9	5.7	2.3	1.9	-2.2	-2.4
Comparative height size at age 10	12.4	68.4	83.4	-6.0	-8.8	9.1	8.8
Number of full sisters	1.1	1.3	5.2	2.3	0.0	0.1	-0.2
Suffer from ‘nerves’	0.9	1.4	2.3	-0.1	1.5	-1.2	-1.3
Overall health rating	1.0	2.1	5.0	2.2	0.8	-1.1	-1.3
Chest pain or discomfort	2.2	3.2	4.3	0.3	-2.0	2.1	2.1
Had major operations	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.6	-0.3	0.2	0.2
Age at last live birth	0.2	0.3	0.8	-0.9	0.3	-0.5	-0.4
Family relationship satisfaction	0.4	0.4	0.6	-0.8	-0.6	0.7	0.6
Leg pain on walking	2.1	2.6	3.7	-0.1	1.8	-1.8	-1.9
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent	0.6	0.7	1.6	-0.1	0.6	-1.3	-0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle	3.1	3.6	5.8	-0.8	2.4	-1.9	-2.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years	2.3	2.8	4.0	-0.9	-2.0	1.7	1.8
Medication: Aspirin	0.2	0.2	0.3	-0.1	0.5	-0.5	-0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C	4.6	5.4	6.2	-2.0	-2.3	2.5	2.5
Knee pain experienced in last month	0.7	1.0	2.9	-1.7	-0.8	0.6	0.4
Hypertension (Self-reported)	0.0	0.1	0.2	-0.1	0.4	-0.4	-0.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported)	0.5	0.6	1.1	0.5	0.3	-1.0	-0.9
Illnesses of father: Heart disease	1.0	1.3	2.2	-0.2	1.4	-1.1	-1.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes	0.6	0.8	3.0	-1.7	-0.2	0.0	0.3
Smoking status: Previous	0.2	0.3	1.3	-1.1	0.0	0.1	0.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted	7.6	15.7	21.0	-2.2	-4.6	4.2	4.4
Whole body fat-free mass	5.1	29.2	34.5	-4.5	-5.9	5.6	5.6
Leg fat-free mass (right)	2.7	14.2	16.4	-4.1	-3.8	3.7	3.6
Arm fat percentage (left)	1.7	6.6	8.9	-1.6	2.6	-3.0	-2.8
Average weekly red wine intake	5.8	8.5	10.1	-2.4	-3.0	3.2	3.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed	0.9	1.1	3.1	-1.8	0.2	-1.1	-0.5
Mood swings	0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.2	-0.6	0.5	0.5
Loneliness, isolation	0.4	0.5	0.8	-0.0	0.9	-0.7	-0.9
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity	3.0	4.6	5.3	2.0	2.1	-2.3	-2.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening	1.4	1.7	2.7	-0.1	1.3	-1.7	-1.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor	0.1	0.2	0.8	0.1	-0.9	-0.1	0.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	-0.0	0.4	0.3
Friendships satisfaction	3.4	4.2	4.8	-1.5	-2.2	2.2	2.2
Qualifications: nursing, teaching	0.7	1.1	2.0	-1.4	0.9	-0.9	-0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Walk	1.3	1.4	2.3	1.5	-1.0	1.0	1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.9	0.4	-0.2	-0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers	0.5	0.7	1.6	-1.3	0.4	-0.8	-0.7
Medication for cholesterol	2.6	4.0	5.6	-0.7	-2.3	2.1	2.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot)	0.7	0.8	1.4	0.5	1.2	-0.7	-1.0
Back pain experienced in last month	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.4	-0.7	-0.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.9	0.2	0.2	-0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported)	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.4	-0.1	0.1	-0.0
Asthma (self-reported)	1.4	2.8	4.8	-2.2	-1.6	1.5	1.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported)	1.0	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.0	-1.2	-1.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported)	0.6	0.8	1.4	-0.4	1.2	-0.7	-1.1
Medication: Aspirin	0.3	0.4	0.6	-0.6	0.6	-0.7	-0.7
Medication: Gliclazide	0.6	0.6	0.8	-0.7	0.7	-0.9	-0.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1)	1.2	1.4	2.3	0.2	-1.4	1.3	1.5
Smoking status: Current	0.3	0.5	1.1	1.1	0.5	-0.3	-0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage	0.9	1.9	3.3	0.8	1.8	-1.4	-1.3
Whole body water mass	4.9	28.1	33.3	-4.4	-5.8	5.5	5.5
Leg predicted mass (right)	2.6	13.6	16.3	-4.0	-3.7	3.6	3.5
Arm fat mass (left)	0.4	1.8	6.8	-2.6	-0.0	-0.4	-0.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses	1.8	3.2	4.6	2.2	1.7	-1.3	-1.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3	0.1	-0.3	-0.0
Miserableness	0.4	0.7	1.2	-0.6	-0.8	1.1	1.0
Guilty feelings	1.6	2.4	4.0	0.0	-2.0	1.5	1.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses	2.3	2.6	10.5	-3.2	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill	2.1	2.3	2.7	-1.5	-1.5	1.5	1.6
Hearing aid user	0.7	0.8	1.2	-0.4	0.9	-1.0	-1.1
Mother’s age at death	2.5	3.1	4.1	-0.9	-1.9	2.0	2.0
Financial situation satisfaction	1.1	1.4	4.6	-2.2	-0.2	0.7	0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time	1.1	1.3	1.6	-1.0	1.3	-1.3	-1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport	1.1	1.3	1.7	1.0	-1.3	0.9	1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma	0.4	0.5	0.6	-0.0	0.8	-0.8	-0.8
Medication: Blood pressure	1.4	2.8	3.3	1.6	1.8	-1.4	-1.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain	0.1	0.2	0.2	-0.5	0.4	-0.4	-0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported)	7.8	13.8	18.5	-0.1	4.3	-4.3	-4.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide	0.2	0.3	0.6	-0.1	0.4	-0.8	-0.5
Medication: Paracetamol	0.5	0.7	1.2	0.2	0.8	-1.0	-1.1
Medication: Lisinopril	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	-0.6	0.1	0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin	8.5	10.5	14.9	0.4	3.6	-3.9	-3.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure	0.8	1.0	1.3	0.6	1.2	-1.1	-1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.0	0.5	-0.4	-0.7
Ever smoked	0.1	0.2	0.6	-0.7	0.1	0.3	0.1
Basal metabolic rate	4.2	23.4	27.4	-4.3	-5.2	4.9	4.9
Leg fat percentage (left)	0.1	0.5	0.8	-0.6	0.3	-0.9	-0.7
Arm fat-free mass (left)	6.1	31.0	38.4	-4.3	-6.2	5.8	5.8
Number of operations (self-reported)	0.5	0.7	1.7	1.3	-0.6	0.8	0.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake	0.6	0.9	2.1	1.5	0.5	-0.9	-0.6
Irritability	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.6	-0.2	-0.3
Risk taking	0.5	0.7	1.1	-0.4	1.0	-0.8	-0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test	2.0	2.3	3.3	-0.6	1.6	-1.7	-1.8
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3	-0.3	0.1	0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.4	-0.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.3	1.0	3.9	-2.0	0.4	0.2	0.1
Ever depressed for a whole week	2.8	3.4	5.2	-0.5	2.3	-1.9	-2.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability	0.8	1.0	2.0	1.4	0.7	-1.0	-0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle	0.3	0.4	0.8	-0.4	-0.4	0.9	0.7
Myopia	0.5	0.7	1.0	-0.2	-1.0	1.0	1.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.1	-0.6	0.6	0.5
Cholesterol lowering medication	4.4	6.5	8.8	0.8	2.8	-3.0	-2.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol)	1.3	1.5	2.2	0.4	1.3	-1.5	-1.4
Pain experienced in last month	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.8	-0.6	-0.6
Supplements: Calcium	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.6	0.1	-0.1	-0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported)	1.3	1.6	3.7	-1.9	0.9	-0.9	-0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported)	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.0	-0.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported)	0.5	0.6	1.1	1.0	0.7	-0.6	-0.7
Heart disease (siblings)	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.2	-0.4	-0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous	0.8	1.0	3.1	1.8	0.2	-0.7	-0.5
Pack years of smoking	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.1	-0.6	0.0	0.2
Impedance of whole body	0.1	0.5	0.9	0.9	-0.4	0.7	0.7
Leg fat mass (left)	0.5	1.9	4.4	-2.1	-1.3	0.8	0.9
Arm predicted mass (left)	5.7	29.1	36.0	-4.1	-6.0	5.6	5.6