Hub : Genes

HLX

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0870 0.0250 1.8e-06 0.060 0.044 0.036 0.044 0.045 8.5e-08 4.4e-06 2.9e-05 4.6e-06 3.2e-06
2 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.2890 0.0980 2.1e-03 0.115 NA 0.177 NA 0.233 2.9e-04 NA 6.5e-06 NA 1.7e-07
3 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.0620 0.0280 5.7e-03 -0.004 NA -0.002 NA -0.003 8.3e-01 NA 5.3e-01 NA 6.3e-01
4 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.1680 0.0530 2.5e-04 0.088 NA 0.056 NA 0.093 1.6e-06 NA 1.3e-04 NA 9.0e-07
5 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0528 0.0255 1.4e-04 0.024 0.042 0.021 NA 0.031 8.2e-04 1.4e-05 1.7e-03 NA 2.0e-04
6 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0886 0.0447 4.3e-03 0.028 0.024 0.026 NA 0.025 2.6e-04 6.9e-04 4.2e-04 NA 5.5e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.6 2.5 -0.6 -0.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 1.6
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.4 1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.2 5.5 -0.3 -0.5 2.3 0.3 1.2 -0.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.2 3.2 -0.9 -1.8 1.6 -0.5 0.3 0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 1.1 2.7 -1.4 -1.6 0.5 -1.0 -0.7 0.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 3.1 -0.1 0.0 1.8 0.3 0.7 -0.7
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.7 0.9 3.5 1.1 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.0 -0.1 1.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.0 1.2 4.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -1.5 -2.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.3 1.5 3.0 0.6 0.5 -1.5 1.7 1.6 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 2.0 4.3 12.1 -0.5 -0.3 -1.5 3.0 3.5 1.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.3 5.4 17.3 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 3.2 4.2 1.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 2.2 4.1 12.2 -1.2 -0.8 0.3 2.7 3.5 1.8
Major Depression (MDD) 3.9 4.7 13.6 2.5 3.7 -2.4 1.2 0.7 -0.7
Reaction Time 0.4 0.7 2.6 -0.6 -0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.5 -1.6
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.6 1.5 3.6 -1.9 -1.6 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.2
Breast Cancer 0.7 1.8 3.9 1.7 0.8 0.9 -1.6 -2.0 -0.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.0
Prostate Cancer 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -1.1 0.0
Age at First Birth 1.2 1.8 3.7 0.3 -0.9 -1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.0 1.0 2.9 0.3 1.7 -1.1 0.6 1.1 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.9 1.3 4.2 -0.6 -2.1 1.5 0.1 0.7 -0.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.4 2.9 6.0 1.0 2.4 -0.8 1.7 2.2 1.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.0 1.6 4.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 2.1 1.7 0.6
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.7 1.7 -0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2
Fasting Glucose 0.9 1.1 2.8 0.8 0.6 -1.7 0.8 0.9 -1.2
HbA1C 1.2 1.3 2.7 -0.4 -1.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.2 0.1
HDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 3.1 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 1.4 1.8 0.5
LDL Cholesterol 5.9 9.4 17.9 -4.0 -4.0 0.1 -0.7 2.3 4.2
Lupus 0.5 0.8 1.6 -0.2 0.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.9 1.3 4.0 -0.8 -0.8 0.8 0.1 1.4 2.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.2 1.7 4.0 -0.0 1.1 0.0 -1.9 -2.0 -1.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.9 1.3 2.8 -1.2 -1.7 1.0 -0.6 -0.1 1.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.7 2.0 0.6 1.4 -0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.7
Triglycerides 0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -0.9 1.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.2 0.6 0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7
Ulcerative Colitis 1.0 1.5 3.5 -1.5 -1.2 -0.4 1.1 1.9 0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.5 19.1 58.4 -1.2 0.1 -2.8 -7.6 -6.5 2.2
Blood Platelet Count 1.0 11.7 34.3 -3.0 -2.6 -1.2 -5.9 -4.3 -0.5
Blood Red Count 0.4 3.9 9.5 0.4 -0.5 -3.1 -2.1 -2.1 2.0
Blood White Count 0.9 6.6 11.8 2.7 3.4 -1.5 0.3 -2.5 -3.4
Heel T-Score 2.4 19.2 42.6 -1.1 -1.9 -5.9 5.6 6.5 1.1
BMI 1.0 5.7 20.2 -2.4 -2.6 4.5 -0.7 0.8 0.9
Height 0.8 16.2 83.4 1.9 1.9 -9.1 1.5 -1.0 -1.9
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 2.5 11.0 39.4 1.6 1.7 -6.3 -3.1 -3.2 1.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.8 3.9 16.2 0.7 0.6 4.0 2.5 0.6 0.1
Smoking Status 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.3 -0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.5 1.2 4.4 1.2 0.3 -2.1 -1.0 -0.8 0.0
Cardiovascular Disease 0.7 2.4 7.7 2.2 1.3 2.8 0.2 0.5 0.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 0.9 1.7 -1.3 -1.1 0.5 -1.0 -0.3 1.0
Respiratory disease 0.3 0.7 3.6 1.9 0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.0 -1.4 0.8 0.6 -0.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.2 6.1 24.2 -1.8 -1.5 -4.9 -2.6 -0.5 -0.0
Lung FVC 5.1 26.0 83.5 -4.0 -5.2 9.1 -5.1 -1.8 -0.4
Neuroticism 0.3 0.7 1.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.9 0.7 1.4 -0.2
Chronotype (morning person) 0.6 1.4 3.3 1.5 1.0 -1.0 -1.8 -1.1 0.1
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.0 6.2 0.2 -1.7 2.5 -0.3 0.1 1.5
Tanning 0.1 0.8 2.3 -0.8 -0.8 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.7 5.9 -0.5 -0.8 2.4 0.4 -1.7 -0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.6 2.9 9.2 3.0 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 -1.7
Average weekly spirits intake 1.9 2.4 5.6 0.9 1.4 -1.0 2.4 2.1 0.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.8
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.1 4.6 -1.3 -2.1 1.8 0.3 1.6 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 2.4 0.9 1.1 0.0 1.5 0.4 -1.2
Relative age of first facial hair 1.4 2.9 8.3 -1.8 -2.9 0.3 0.4 2.2 1.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.9 2.4 6.7 -0.0 0.8 -1.8 2.6 2.1 -0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.6 0.6 0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 1.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.7 2.1 9.0 0.1 0.3 3.0 1.7 0.4 -0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1
Angina 1.1 1.5 4.3 0.4 0.4 0.8 2.1 1.8 0.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.5 0.4 -1.1 0.5 0.3 0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.0 1.3 6.2 -0.7 0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.9 2.5
Supplements: Zinc 1.1 1.2 5.1 -0.0 -0.4 2.3 0.4 -1.0 -0.8
Medication: Co-codamol 2.7 3.1 8.4 2.9 1.8 -1.9 0.8 -0.5 -1.7
Medication: Metformin 0.8 1.1 2.6 1.3 0.6 -1.6 0.7 1.0 -0.5
Diabetes (father) 0.9 1.1 3.7 0.7 0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -1.1 -1.9
Diabetes (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.2 0.6 0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.5 -0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.8 1.2 2.8 0.3 1.1 -1.4 0.9 1.7 0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 2.6 12.4 46.4 1.1 2.2 -6.8 -3.0 -3.6 0.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.0 7.7 -1.9 -1.6 2.8 1.4 1.2 -0.4
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 0.7 2.5 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 0.2 -0.2
Hand grip strength (right) 0.7 1.9 7.4 -0.3 -0.8 2.7 0.1 -1.6 -0.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.8 1.1 3.5 0.1 1.9 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -1.5
Current tobacco smoking 0.8 1.4 4.0 0.5 0.5 -0.4 2.0 1.9 0.1
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.7 0.9 1.8 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 1.3 1.3 0.2
Maternal smoking around birth 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.0 0.0 1.4 0.6 0.3 -1.5
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.6 6.7 -0.2 -1.4 2.6 -0.5 0.8 0.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.1 2.5 -0.2 -1.6 1.1 -0.1 1.5 0.4
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 1.4 -0.3 -1.1 1.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.9
Taking other prescription medications 1.6 2.5 5.0 2.2 2.2 1.0 0.3 -0.1 -2.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.2 1.4 4.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -2.0 -2.0 0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.9 2.0 8.8 -0.6 -0.8 -3.0 0.5 1.0 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 0.3 1.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.8 1.0 3.3 -0.9 -0.0 1.8 0.1 1.4 0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.6 2.0 4.0 -0.5 0.4 -1.8 1.9 2.0 -0.8
High blood pressure 1.5 4.1 9.6 3.1 2.4 2.5 1.1 0.4 -1.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.2 5.2 1.1 0.1 -2.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.3 3.0 7.8 2.6 1.3 -0.5 -0.2 -1.1 -2.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.5 0.6 3.1 -0.2 0.0 1.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.8
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.3 1.7 4.3 1.1 0.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.9 -2.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 2.3 2.7 5.1 1.5 1.0 -2.2 -1.8 -1.4 -1.6
Medication: Atenolol 1.6 2.0 5.4 -0.4 -0.6 1.6 -2.3 -1.9 -0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.6 1.1 2.4 -1.2 -0.1 1.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4
Sitting height 0.2 1.8 3.3 1.7 1.3 -1.6 1.8 -0.1 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.9 1.1 2.5 0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6
High blood pressure (mother) 1.4 2.0 5.9 2.4 1.4 1.2 0.6 1.1 0.8
Body mass index (BMI) 0.9 3.8 15.6 -2.0 -1.4 4.0 -0.7 0.8 -0.2
Impedance of leg (left) 2.5 12.0 48.0 1.8 2.9 -6.9 -2.2 -2.8 0.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.1 8.1 -1.9 -1.7 2.9 1.4 1.2 -0.4
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.6 2.8 -1.7 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.3
Waist circumference 0.1 0.4 1.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -1.3 -0.9 0.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.7 2.0 0.6 0.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.4 -0.9
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.4 1.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.9 1.5 5.9 -0.7 -0.1 -2.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.6
Nervous feelings 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 -1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.8
Had menopause 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.2 -0.6 1.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.8
Had other major operations 1.8 2.2 5.3 0.4 0.7 -1.1 1.9 2.3 -1.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.2 4.5 9.6 -2.1 -2.7 3.1 -2.1 -1.3 0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.5 5.8 -1.0 -0.9 -2.4 0.6 0.8 -0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.3 0.4 2.0 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.2
Qualifications: None of the above 1.0 2.1 5.9 2.4 2.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.5 2.1 3.5 -1.3 -1.7 0.3 1.3 1.6 1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.5 2.5 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.6 1.6
Heart attack 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.3
Allergy 0.4 0.9 2.5 -1.6 -0.4 1.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.2
Pain all over the body in last month 1.4 1.5 6.1 1.0 1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -2.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.3 -1.0 1.0 1.1 -0.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.9 -0.4 -0.8 0.9 -1.4 -1.7 0.6
Medication: Ramipril 0.8 1.0 2.9 0.4 0.8 1.7 0.6 -0.1 -1.4
Medication: Simvastatin 1.0 1.5 4.7 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.3 2.2 0.9
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.9 4.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.4
Illnesses of siblings 0.5 0.7 1.7 -1.0 0.3 -1.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5
Neuroticism score 0.9 1.9 4.5 -0.7 -1.2 2.1 0.6 1.8 1.0
Weight 0.2 0.8 2.3 -1.5 -0.8 1.3 -0.0 0.3 -0.5
Impedance of arm (right) 2.1 9.7 56.4 1.1 0.6 -7.5 -0.5 0.0 0.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.6 4.6 -2.1 -1.5 0.8 -1.1 1.0 -0.0
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.6 7.5 -1.0 -0.6 2.7 0.4 -0.5 -0.5
Hip circumference 0.1 0.6 1.1 -0.0 0.3 1.1 0.7 1.1 -0.8
Time employed in main current job 2.2 2.5 5.9 -2.4 -2.1 1.7 0.2 1.3 0.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.3 -0.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 1.1 0.2 -0.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.2 1.9 -1.4 -1.2 1.4 -1.1 0.3 -0.7
Falls in the last year 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.1 1.6 3.8 2.0 1.2 -1.9 0.9 0.1 -0.5
Number of live births 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.3 -0.7 1.3 -0.7 0.2 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.5 5.0 9.8 -2.5 -3.1 2.0 -2.8 -1.4 -0.1
Pulse rate 1.1 1.9 5.1 1.9 2.3 -1.0 1.1 -0.0 0.1
Happiness 1.2 1.4 2.7 -1.2 -1.1 1.6 -0.6 0.6 1.6
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.8 -0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.5 3.3 7.4 -2.7 -2.4 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 2.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.3 0.3 1.5 0.2 -0.0 -1.2 0.3 0.5 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.4 5.8 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -2.4
Asthma 0.3 0.6 2.2 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.3 1.7 4.4 -1.1 -2.0 2.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.5 1.6 0.6
Depression (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 2.3 1.1 0.8 1.4 0.6 0.4 -1.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.4 4.1 -2.0 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6 1.1 0.7
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.5 2.2 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.4
Lung cancer (father) 1.2 1.4 3.0 1.7 1.4 0.8 1.0 -0.8 -1.2
Illnesses of mother 0.7 0.8 3.1 -1.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.6 5.1 10.6 -2.6 -2.7 1.9 -3.3 -1.6 -0.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.0 1.2 3.4 1.8 0.7 0.1 0.2 -1.8 0.0
Impedance of arm (left) 2.0 9.3 54.3 1.0 0.6 -7.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.3
Arm fat mass (right) 0.5 1.9 5.0 -2.2 -1.3 1.9 -1.0 0.5 0.1
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.6 7.6 -1.1 -0.7 2.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.4
Standing height 0.5 5.3 26.6 0.8 1.1 -5.2 1.3 -1.2 -0.3
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.4 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 1.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.6 0.7 2.1 -1.0 -1.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.2
Breastfed as a baby 2.9 3.7 8.9 -0.6 -0.2 -1.9 2.6 3.0 1.5
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.2 1.3 0.4 1.0 1.1 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.6 2.0 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -1.4
Birth weight of first child 1.6 2.9 7.1 1.8 2.1 -2.7 -1.1 -0.7 1.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.9 2.1 3.6 -1.8 -1.9 1.8 -0.9 0.8 -0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.7 0.8 1.6 -1.1 -1.3 0.8 -1.1 -0.6 0.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.5 0.6 1.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.0 0.9 1.0 1.1
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.4 2.2 6.5 -2.5 -2.0 -0.3 0.6 0.4 1.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.1 1.4 5.2 1.2 -0.4 2.3 1.3 0.5 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 2.1 0.5 -1.4 0.7 0.1 1.0 0.6
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.7 4.2 -2.0 -1.9 0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 0.9
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.9 2.2 10.8 0.9 0.4 -3.3 0.5 0.8 0.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.7 -1.5 -0.7 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -1.6
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 1.0 2.3 -1.5 -1.1 1.1 -0.8 -0.4 0.4
Medication: Amlodipine 2.0 2.8 4.7 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.5 0.5 -2.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.4
Birth weight 1.5 3.2 6.8 -2.2 -1.8 -0.5 -2.6 -1.4 1.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.0 2.3 6.8 -2.6 -2.4 1.0 -0.5 0.4 0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.3 4.7 9.0 -2.3 -2.2 3.0 -2.6 -1.5 -0.2
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.8 2.9 -1.7 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 0.2 -0.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.0 2.6 -1.5 -0.4 0.3 -1.6 -0.5 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.4 11.4 -1.2 -0.3 3.4 0.6 -0.8 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.8 1.0 2.5 -0.8 1.0 0.3 1.1 0.7 -1.6
Comparative body size at age 10 0.6 1.6 4.0 -1.4 -1.0 2.0 -1.6 0.3 -0.3
Number of full brothers 1.1 1.3 3.3 0.3 -0.5 -1.7 -1.8 -1.2 -0.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -0.4 0.6 -1.1 0.2 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.7 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.4 -0.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.7 1.3 3.5 0.4 -1.3 1.9 1.4 0.7 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.8 0.9 3.1 1.1 0.2 0.4 -0.9 -1.8 -0.5
Age at first live birth 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 0.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.1 1.2 3.6 -1.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1 1.8 0.0
Health satisfaction 1.2 1.5 4.1 0.3 -0.9 0.8 1.1 1.5 2.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 -1.2 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.5 1.6 7.1 0.3 -0.0 -2.7 0.3 0.2 1.5
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.6 1.8 4.2 -1.3 -0.5 2.0 0.3 1.9 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.0 1.2 3.7 1.9 1.3 -1.2 0.5 0.2 -0.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.7 1.9 5.0 0.3 0.4 -2.2 -2.2 -1.1 0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.1 3.1 -0.3 0.4 -1.8 -0.9 -1.4 -0.8
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.0 1.5 2.7 -0.8 -1.5 1.7 -0.7 -0.4 -1.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.6 3.3 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.1 -1.8
Angina (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.9 0.7 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.5 -0.2
Migraine (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.0 1.2 3.4 -1.0 -1.8 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.7 -0.5 -1.3
Medication: Omeprazole 1.5 1.8 3.8 1.2 1.7 -1.2 0.9 0.5 -1.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.2
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.4 0.7 3.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.2 -1.7
Heart disease (mother) 0.5 0.7 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.8 2.1 6.1 0.6 -0.2 -1.2 1.5 2.5 1.6
Whole body fat mass 0.2 0.9 3.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 3.9 -2.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.6 12.4 -1.4 -0.5 3.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.2 2.3 1.0 1.5 0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.2 2.9 7.0 1.0 1.3 0.3 1.2 2.6 2.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.8 4.6 15.9 1.7 2.4 -4.0 1.4 -0.9 -0.5
Number of full sisters 0.9 1.1 2.8 0.4 1.5 0.8 1.0 -0.3 -1.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.6 0.4 1.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.3
Overall health rating 1.6 3.5 5.8 2.2 2.0 0.6 2.4 2.4 -0.6
Chest pain or discomfort 1.4 2.0 4.3 0.0 0.6 1.5 1.9 2.1 -1.3
Had major operations 0.7 0.9 2.6 -0.5 0.4 -1.2 -0.6 1.6 0.5
Age at last live birth 0.5 0.8 2.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.2 1.6
Family relationship satisfaction 1.6 2.0 5.0 -1.2 -2.2 1.1 -1.1 0.4 1.6
Leg pain on walking 1.2 1.4 4.4 2.1 0.2 -0.8 1.7 0.7 0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.6 -0.0 1.1 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.3 0.6 1.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.8 2.2 4.3 1.7 1.2 0.8 -1.3 -2.1 -1.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 0.7 1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.7 3.2 7.7 -1.7 -2.8 1.5 -1.6 -1.8 -0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 2.5 4.0 8.0 2.6 2.2 1.2 -0.7 -1.5 -2.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.7 4.8 12.2 3.5 2.7 2.3 1.2 0.3 -1.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.5 -1.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.4 1.7 4.5 1.3 0.0 2.1 1.3 0.6 1.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.5 0.8 2.0 -1.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.4 2.1 8.9 -1.4 -0.9 3.0 0.9 0.2 -0.4
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.5 8.6 -1.5 -1.4 2.9 2.1 1.9 -0.3
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.7 5.0 -2.2 -1.7 1.1 -0.9 0.8 -0.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.6 0.9 2.2 -1.5 -1.4 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 0.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 3.0 3.6 7.6 -2.5 -1.8 0.8 1.8 2.8 0.4
Mood swings 1.0 1.8 7.9 -0.8 -0.6 2.8 0.5 1.3 -0.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.7 1.0 1.7 -0.9 -1.1 1.1 -0.2 1.3 0.9
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.9 4.5 7.2 2.4 2.6 -0.8 2.2 1.3 -2.7
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.6 -0.6 -0.3 1.8 0.7 -1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.6 1.1 2.9 1.1 0.5 -0.4 1.7 1.2 -0.6
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 -0.3 0.7 0.1
Friendships satisfaction 1.2 1.5 5.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.4 2.4 1.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.6 0.9 4.0 -0.5 -0.8 -2.0 0.1 -0.4 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.8 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.2 1.4 3.7 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.3 3.0 -1.5 -1.4 -0.9 -1.7 -0.4 0.1
Medication for cholesterol 2.7 4.1 10.4 -2.1 -3.2 -2.5 -1.6 -0.7 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.0
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.4 5.4 2.3 1.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.2
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.4 3.3 8.5 -2.0 -0.8 0.0 1.1 2.3 2.9
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.3 -0.8 1.1 0.5 -0.6
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.6 2.2 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.7 -0.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 3.7 4.8 14.1 3.8 2.2 -1.5 -1.3 -2.1 -1.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.9 0.2 0.1 1.5 0.8 0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 1.5 1.6 4.7 -0.0 0.6 -1.6 1.5 2.2 -0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.9 1.1 3.8 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.1 0.5 2.0
Smoking status: Current 1.0 1.6 3.7 1.0 1.0 -0.4 1.9 1.9 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.8 5.8 12.9 -1.7 -2.5 2.9 -3.6 -2.2 -0.5
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.2 9.2 -1.5 -1.0 3.0 0.8 0.2 -0.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.7 3.7 9.7 -1.6 -1.5 3.1 2.1 1.8 -0.2
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.8 4.7 -2.2 -1.4 1.8 -0.9 0.2 -0.1
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.4 2.5 7.2 2.7 1.7 1.2 -0.9 -1.5 -0.5
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.5 -0.1 -1.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.1
Miserableness 1.1 1.9 8.6 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.6 2.9 1.3
Guilty feelings 1.3 1.9 4.6 -1.1 -1.6 0.5 -0.3 1.6 2.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 -0.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.8 2.0 5.5 -0.0 -0.7 1.1 -2.0 -2.3 -0.8
Hearing aid user 1.3 1.5 5.0 2.2 1.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.4
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.1 2.6 -0.5 -1.5 -1.6 -0.2 -0.5 -1.1
Financial situation satisfaction 2.1 2.6 5.2 -2.3 -2.2 2.0 -0.4 0.1 1.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.8 1.0 2.7 1.3 0.9 -0.4 1.6 0.7 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.3 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.4 1.6 7.4 0.5 0.3 -2.7 1.0 0.4 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 3.2 6.1 13.2 3.2 3.6 3.2 1.5 0.2 -1.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.6 0.8 2.6 1.6 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.1 1.5 3.2 1.5 0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.8 -1.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.3 -0.9 -0.6 1.8 -0.9 0.9 0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.3 2.6 0.1 0.9 1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.3 1.4 1.2 -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6 -0.2
Medication: Lisinopril 0.7 0.9 2.7 0.3 0.6 1.5 0.2 0.4 -1.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.1 1.4 2.9 -1.3 -0.6 1.5 0.3 1.1 1.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.6 1.9 8.0 -0.6 0.7 2.8 0.8 0.1 -1.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.0 1.2
Ever smoked 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.8 0.1 -0.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.8 7.0 -1.5 -0.9 2.6 0.6 0.2 -0.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.4 -1.0 0.1 -0.8
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.4 1.9 8.8 -1.3 -0.2 3.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.1 1.6 4.6 -1.0 -0.1 -1.6 0.8 2.1 0.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.9 1.7 -0.0 0.8 1.0 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8
Irritability 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.8
Risk taking 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.9 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.7 2.0 5.7 2.4 1.1 -0.8 1.6 1.3 0.3
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.7 0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.8 3.0 0.7 -0.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -0.5
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 1.0 3.3 0.5 0.8 1.8 -0.3 0.0 -1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.4 1.2 -0.0 1.0 0.3 -1.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.8 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 3.0 3.6 8.5 -2.5 -1.0 1.7 -2.9 -1.9 0.3
Myopia 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.7 1.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.7 4.7 11.8 -3.4 -2.9 -2.2 -1.1 -0.2 1.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 2.4 3.6 7.8 0.2 0.5 1.9 2.8 2.6 1.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.6 1.3 -1.3 0.5 0.6 -1.2
Pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.1 3.3 -1.8 -0.8 -1.6 -0.1 0.4 0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.8 0.9 1.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 7.9 0.6 0.6 -2.8 0.9 -0.2 -0.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 5.7 1.2 -0.5 2.4 1.2 0.2 -0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2 0.3 0.5 1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.8 3.2 8.1 1.1 1.4 0.4 2.9 2.6 -1.1
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.8 1.9 0.4 0.8 -1.4 0.5 1.2 0.5
Impedance of whole body 2.2 11.4 58.7 1.5 1.8 -7.7 -1.0 -1.6 0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.9 -1.7 -0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.5 -0.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.2 9.9 -1.5 -0.5 3.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4