Hub : Genes

HOXB3

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.0990 0.0450 2.9e-04 0.062 NA 0.021 NA 0.035 8.4e-06 NA 6.7e-03 NA 0.00068
2 GTEx Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes 0.2760 0.1050 4.2e-03 -0.004 NA -0.008 NA -0.005 4.5e-01 NA 7.3e-01 NA 0.50000
3 GTEx Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction 0.1480 0.0650 2.0e-03 0.024 NA 0.039 NA 0.045 4.5e-02 NA 1.5e-02 NA 0.00940
4 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1271 0.0489 2.6e-05 0.020 NA 0.076 NA 0.034 3.9e-03 NA 7.0e-08 NA 0.00024
5 GTEx Testis 0.1890 0.0760 1.9e-03 0.000 NA 0.007 NA 0.028 3.1e-01 NA 1.5e-01 NA 0.02100
6 GTEx Whole Blood 0.1500 0.0510 5.2e-04 0.000 NA 0.004 NA 0.004 3.6e-01 NA 1.3e-01 NA 0.12000
7 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0494 0.0288 4.6e-03 0.010 0.022 0.022 NA 0.024 2.4e-02 0.0015 1.5e-03 NA 0.00090

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.1 0.1 1.5 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.8 2.0 7.7 0.6 -0.3 2.8 0.6 1.7 1.4 -0.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.8 5.3 0.8 -0.9 0.6 0.3 2.2 0.7 -2.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.1 3.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.5 0.2 1.1 1.3 -1.9
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.6 4.8 11.9 -1.7 -1.1 -2.8 -2.4 -3.5 0.6 1.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.6 3.5 0.6 0.2 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.8 -1.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.4 6.5 0.9 -0.5 2.3 0.9 2.6 1.4 -1.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.9 3.8 9.6 1.5 -1.6 1.2 2.1 3.1 1.4 -2.2
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.3 5.4 0.6 1.0 1.1 2.3 0.1 1.0 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.3 1.5 6.4 -0.1 2.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.4 -1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.7 3.4 -0.6 -1.9 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.4 0.5 2.9 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 -1.7
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.7 3.8 9.8 1.5 -3.0 1.0 1.8 -0.1 3.1 -1.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.2 2.8 9.2 1.5 -1.6 0.9 1.3 0.3 3.0 -1.7
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.8 1.5 4.5 1.2 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.6 1.6 -2.1
Major Depression (MDD) 1.0 1.3 2.3 -1.0 -1.5 -1.5 -0.8 1.5 -0.7 -0.4
Reaction Time 0.7 1.3 4.9 2.2 -1.2 1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.3 -0.4
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 2.3 5.6 12.5 -2.6 -1.4 -3.5 -2.9 -2.5 -0.7 1.7
Breast Cancer 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.1
Ovarian Cancer 10.9 14.4 28.7 5.3 -2.1 5.4 3.5 0.6 3.2 -4.1
Prostate Cancer 1.1 1.6 4.6 -2.1 0.2 -1.5 -1.3 0.1 -0.6 1.5
Age at First Birth 1.5 2.1 7.2 -2.0 0.6 -1.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 2.7
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.1 -0.4 1.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.8 3.8 14.7 2.3 -1.1 0.8 2.1 -0.2 3.8 -0.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.6 1.9 6.2 0.2 1.2 -0.3 2.5 0.9 -0.1 -2.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 3.6 5.8 18.2 2.4 -4.3 1.0 2.4 0.1 2.6 -1.8
Mean Putamen Volume 2.0 2.3 7.5 -1.8 -1.7 -0.3 -2.7 0.6 -1.5 0.2
Fasting Glucose 1.5 1.8 8.1 -0.4 2.0 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 2.8
HbA1C 0.7 0.8 2.5 -1.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -1.6 1.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.9 -0.1
LDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.3 1.1 1.2 -0.6 1.0 -1.1
Lupus 0.8 1.2 5.2 -0.2 0.3 2.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 1.7
Neuroticism (2016) 0.7 1.0 4.1 -2.0 0.6 -0.9 0.3 0.3 -1.1 0.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.0 1.4 4.5 0.6 -2.1 0.8 1.1 0.2 1.5 -1.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.0 2.8 6.0 -1.9 -0.9 -1.3 -2.5 -0.4 -2.1 1.7
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.5 3.3 9.7 1.2 -1.4 2.3 0.6 3.1 1.2 -1.7
Triglycerides 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.5 -0.8 1.1 -1.3 -0.4 0.8 0.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.8 2.0 5.4 -1.9 0.1 -1.2 0.7 0.1 -1.9 2.3
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.8 0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.6 1.4 -1.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.5 4.1 20.1 -1.8 0.5 -1.3 -4.5 -0.7 -1.5 0.9
Blood Platelet Count 1.1 12.2 26.3 -4.9 3.0 -5.1 -2.8 -0.9 -1.2 4.0
Blood Red Count 4.5 43.7 76.0 8.7 -1.7 8.4 6.8 1.1 8.3 -6.3
Blood White Count 1.0 7.2 14.2 -2.1 2.9 -3.7 -2.9 3.8 -0.5 1.0
Heel T-Score 0.3 2.3 9.0 -0.6 2.3 -0.6 -3.0 -0.2 -1.1 -0.0
BMI 1.8 10.7 17.1 3.5 -3.8 -1.1 4.1 3.0 3.7 -2.6
Height 1.3 24.3 83.4 -3.9 -4.3 -3.4 -9.1 -6.4 0.4 0.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.4 6.4 15.3 3.2 3.0 2.4 1.8 0.4 3.9 -0.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 3.4 16.9 42.0 -4.3 6.5 -2.1 0.0 -1.6 -3.9 6.0
Smoking Status 0.9 2.2 5.8 -0.1 -2.4 -0.8 -1.4 2.3 0.1 -1.5
Allergy or Eczema 0.5 1.2 2.7 1.4 -0.2 1.6 0.1 1.1 0.4 -1.6
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 3.0 9.2 0.0 2.7 -0.7 3.0 0.2 -0.2 2.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.5 3.4 9.8 0.8 -2.6 1.2 3.1 1.0 -0.9 -1.9
Respiratory disease 2.3 5.1 13.6 3.0 -0.1 2.0 0.9 -2.9 3.7 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.4 2.7 11.0 -1.3 0.3 -1.8 -0.6 3.3 -1.5 -0.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 3.2 16.2 49.7 -6.1 1.9 -3.0 -2.8 0.9 -7.0 2.3
Lung FVC 2.7 13.6 32.9 4.5 0.2 5.7 4.7 -2.4 0.5 -3.8
Neuroticism 1.2 2.9 6.2 1.0 -0.1 1.0 2.3 2.5 1.7 -1.9
Chronotype (morning person) 1.9 4.3 20.0 2.0 -4.5 1.9 0.3 -1.6 -0.4 0.1
Hair Pigment 0.8 23.7 37.1 2.6 -2.4 5.4 -5.9 4.8 -5.5 -6.1
Tanning 0.3 4.0 12.4 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.8 -3.2 3.5 0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 7.0 18.5 33.2 5.8 -1.8 4.6 4.3 -4.4 5.0 -3.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.7 1.3 4.5 -0.3 -2.1 -0.0 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 4.4 5.5 12.2 2.8 -3.5 2.3 1.7 0.8 1.5 -2.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.2 2.1 6.8 -0.1 0.9 1.9 0.5 2.6 -1.0 -1.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.6 2.3 6.0 1.1 -1.4 0.7 0.6 1.5 1.8 -2.5
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.3 3.4 8.0 1.4 -1.2 2.5 1.2 -0.9 2.8 -2.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.8 1.6 3.2 0.8 -1.3 1.1 -1.2 0.5 -1.7 -1.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.2 1.5 5.3 -0.0 -2.3 0.5 -0.8 1.0 1.5 -1.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 2.6 3.3 6.4 -2.5 1.0 -1.1 -2.5 -0.4 -2.5 1.4
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.5 2.8 9.1 -1.8 1.1 -1.6 -1.4 3.0 -0.9 -0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 3.2 9.3 27.6 -2.6 5.0 -0.6 0.0 -1.7 -1.5 5.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.0 1.1 3.1 -0.7 -0.3 1.3 -0.4 1.8 -0.8 -1.2
Angina 1.9 2.5 6.4 -2.5 0.2 -1.9 -0.7 0.5 -2.1 1.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 2.0 2.3 8.3 -1.3 1.1 -1.0 -2.9 0.9 -1.2 1.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.5 -0.8 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.4 -1.5 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.5
Medication: Metformin 1.4 2.0 5.3 -1.5 0.6 -1.1 -1.5 2.3 -1.4 0.8
Diabetes (father) 1.5 1.8 5.9 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 2.2 2.4 -0.2 -1.3
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.0 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.7 0.8 1.6 -1.0 1.3 -0.8 -1.0 0.7 -0.4 0.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.8 1.2 3.1 1.1 -0.2 0.1 1.8 1.6 0.9 0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 2.2 10.5 25.8 -3.7 5.1 -2.3 -3.4 -0.9 -2.1 3.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.6 8.7 34.3 2.8 -5.9 0.2 0.8 -0.6 2.9 -3.1
Trunk fat percentage 1.0 4.0 12.2 1.2 -1.4 -0.4 1.2 3.5 3.3 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 6.6 17.9 33.4 5.8 -0.4 4.6 4.0 -4.3 5.2 -3.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.2 1.7 6.0 1.7 1.3 1.2 -0.1 0.3 2.5 0.4
Current tobacco smoking 2.1 3.4 13.7 -0.4 -2.7 -0.4 -0.8 3.7 -0.1 -1.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.9 1.0 3.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 -1.9 -0.5 1.6
Maternal smoking around birth 0.9 1.3 2.8 -1.6 0.5 -1.7 -0.6 1.2 -1.4 -0.5
Fed-up feelings 1.7 3.1 10.4 0.8 -0.7 1.7 1.3 3.2 1.0 -2.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.5 3.1 0.9 -0.9 0.6 0.4 1.4 1.7 -1.8
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.6 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -1.3 -0.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.2 -0.8 1.0 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.6 1.3 3.1 -1.8 0.9 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.6 0.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 3.8 4.4 12.2 -3.0 0.2 -3.5 -1.3 1.1 -2.6 0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.6 1.4 3.5 1.7 1.9 0.5 -0.3 -1.3 1.0 -0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.5 1.3 0.7 0.7 1.2 -0.1 0.9 0.2 -0.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.3 1.7 5.8 0.1 2.4 -0.9 1.2 1.5 -0.8 -0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.0 1.3 2.7 0.6 -0.9 0.2 1.1 1.2 1.6 -1.6
High blood pressure 1.0 2.8 10.4 -1.4 1.1 -1.1 2.1 0.1 -0.5 3.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.4 4.7 1.3 -0.3 2.2 0.8 0.6 1.0 -1.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 0.4 -1.6 0.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.8 1.0 1.0 0.3 -0.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.2 1.5 3.9 -1.4 -0.0 -0.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.0 1.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.3 -1.5 0.3 -1.0 -1.4 0.6 -0.4 0.1
Medication: Atenolol 1.2 1.6 5.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.9 1.6 -1.2 -0.4 2.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 2.7 4.6 8.2 2.2 -1.7 2.9 2.8 0.9 1.4 -2.2
Sitting height 1.7 12.0 35.0 -3.4 -2.1 -1.9 -5.1 -5.9 -0.3 1.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.8 2.2 4.8 -2.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.7 0.9 -1.5 0.5
High blood pressure (mother) 0.7 1.0 5.5 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 2.3 1.2 -0.5 0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 2.1 8.9 14.7 3.8 -3.0 0.5 3.6 2.9 3.5 -2.0
Impedance of leg (left) 2.6 12.8 32.1 -4.3 5.7 -2.3 -3.8 -0.5 -2.5 3.6
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.7 9.2 35.9 2.9 -6.0 0.3 0.8 -0.6 3.0 -3.2
Trunk fat mass 0.9 3.9 11.0 1.4 -2.8 -0.7 0.7 2.3 3.3 -0.4
Waist circumference 2.5 9.2 27.0 4.1 -2.1 0.8 2.5 2.3 5.2 -2.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.3 2.2 7.1 -1.3 2.7 -0.2 1.4 1.5 0.2 1.5
Past tobacco smoking 0.6 1.2 6.2 -0.3 2.5 0.4 1.2 0.2 -0.3 0.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 2.6 4.2 9.8 -2.4 2.2 -0.2 -0.4 -3.1 -2.4 1.9
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 3.3 -0.5 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.2 0.4 1.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 3.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.2 1.9 6.0 0.6 -0.5 1.0 2.5 1.3 1.8 -0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.9
Had menopause 0.8 1.0 3.5 -1.3 -0.2 -1.0 -1.9 0.2 -0.5 0.6
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.8 0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.3 4.9 13.0 1.8 -1.5 3.0 0.5 -3.6 0.3 -2.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.7 1.6 5.0 1.4 2.2 0.9 -0.7 -1.6 0.4 -0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.0 -0.8 0.5 -1.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.1
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.2 6.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 1.3 2.5 -0.0 0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.1 1.5 6.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 2.5 0.8 -1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 2.9 4.5 17.6 -1.7 1.3 0.1 -1.9 -4.2 -1.2 2.0
Heart attack 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.7 -1.2 -0.7
Allergy 1.3 2.9 7.1 -2.3 1.0 -2.7 -1.0 0.4 -2.0 1.4
Pain all over the body in last month 1.8 2.0 5.8 1.1 1.4 0.7 0.2 2.4 0.9 -1.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.9 1.4 3.3 -0.9 0.1 -1.5 -0.6 1.8 -1.7 -0.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 3.9 1.6 0.6 2.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 -1.0
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 1.0 3.3 -0.2 0.8 -1.0 1.8 0.6 1.0 0.7
Medication: Simvastatin 1.9 2.8 9.4 0.9 1.1 1.6 3.1 1.6 1.0 1.3
Fluid intelligence score 1.8 3.7 7.5 -2.3 -1.5 -2.7 -2.4 -1.5 -1.6 0.5
Illnesses of siblings 0.9 1.3 2.2 1.3 -1.5 -0.3 -0.5 -1.2 1.5 -1.3
Neuroticism score 1.3 2.8 4.6 1.0 0.3 2.0 2.2 2.0 1.6 -1.7
Weight 1.2 5.9 21.4 2.2 -4.6 -0.7 0.7 0.5 3.2 -1.8
Impedance of arm (right) 1.5 7.0 21.5 -3.2 4.6 -1.0 -2.0 1.2 -1.1 3.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.7 6.8 20.9 2.4 -1.1 -0.3 3.0 4.6 3.2 -0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 1.4 8.0 35.3 1.4 -5.9 -1.0 -1.2 -3.0 1.4 -2.4
Hip circumference 1.5 6.3 14.8 2.5 -3.8 -0.2 1.1 1.9 3.7 -2.1
Time employed in main current job 1.2 1.4 4.3 0.9 -2.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 1.3 -1.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.6 0.9 2.0 0.8 1.4 -1.1 0.8 0.1 0.6 1.2
Father’s age at death 1.0 1.3 4.4 -1.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.7 -2.1 -0.5 1.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.4 2.6 7.3 1.1 2.7 1.5 2.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 3.3 5.4 21.6 1.1 -0.3 1.0 2.0 4.7 1.9 -2.4
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 0.2 1.6 -0.1 -0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.3 2.0 6.5 0.4 1.4 -0.4 2.0 -2.5 0.3 1.0
Number of live births 0.7 1.0 2.0 0.8 -0.8 -1.4 0.4 1.4 0.5 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 1.0 3.4 9.3 1.3 -0.2 2.8 0.7 -3.0 -0.3 -2.1
Pulse rate 0.5 0.8 2.9 0.6 -0.1 0.9 1.7 1.0 0.6 -0.5
Happiness 2.0 2.5 4.4 1.8 -0.5 1.6 1.9 0.8 2.1 -1.6
Noisy workplace 1.1 1.3 4.3 1.5 0.1 0.0 2.1 -0.3 1.5 -0.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.2 2.7 -1.6 -0.1 -1.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3 1.2
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.3 1.5 2.2 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 0.6 -1.2 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 7.0 11.8 23.4 3.0 -3.5 1.0 3.3 4.8 3.6 -3.7
Asthma 2.6 5.1 14.6 2.4 0.0 2.4 0.2 -3.8 3.0 0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.3 1.7 8.5 -0.2 -2.9 -1.2 0.3 -0.8 0.3 -1.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.3 2.1 5.3 1.4 0.6 1.3 2.1 2.3 0.3 0.7
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.6 -1.2 0.1 -1.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.7
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.5 2.6 -1.1 1.1 0.2 -1.4 -1.1 -1.6 1.4
Prospective memory result 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.7 1.1
Lung cancer (father) 1.3 1.6 2.8 -1.7 -1.7 -0.4 -1.5 1.1 -1.3 0.0
Illnesses of mother 1.4 1.7 4.9 -0.1 -1.1 1.1 -2.2 -2.1 -0.1 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.0 3.3 6.5 1.6 -0.9 2.5 1.9 -1.9 -0.1 -2.4
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.7 3.2 7.0 -2.6 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2 -0.5 -2.2 1.9
Impedance of arm (left) 1.4 6.3 24.9 -2.7 5.0 -0.2 -2.0 1.3 -1.0 2.2
Arm fat mass (right) 1.6 6.7 12.2 2.7 -3.1 -0.2 2.4 3.0 3.5 -1.6
Trunk predicted mass 1.4 8.0 35.6 1.4 -6.0 -1.1 -1.1 -2.9 1.4 -2.4
Standing height 1.2 12.2 34.8 -2.8 -3.6 -2.3 -5.9 -4.9 0.1 -0.2
Length of working week for main job 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.5 -0.9 1.2 0.7 0.1 1.1 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.3 1.5 3.6 0.4 -0.1 1.9 -1.1 1.9 -0.3 -1.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.7 0.9 3.0 -0.0 0.8 -0.4 -1.7 -1.5 -0.2 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.8 1.3 3.0 1.3 -0.1 1.5 0.7 -0.9 1.7 -1.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.0 1.1 0.3 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.4 6.4 -1.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 2.5 0.9 0.9
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 2.3 -0.2 -1.5 0.8 -1.1 -1.2 0.2 0.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 4.7 11.0 23.9 -4.3 1.6 -4.9 -2.4 -2.8 -4.1 1.5
Pulse wave reflection index 0.9 1.1 2.7 -0.9 -1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.7 0.8 1.7 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 -0.9 1.0 -0.7 -1.3
Loud music exposure frequency 1.0 1.1 3.6 0.3 -1.9 1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.0 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.2 3.4 16.2 0.1 2.5 -0.9 -0.8 -4.0 0.4 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.4 -0.8 0.1 -0.0 0.6 -0.6 -1.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 3.6 4.7 13.8 1.6 -1.9 0.2 0.5 3.5 -0.3 -3.7
Medication: Paracetamol 1.0 1.6 8.7 -1.4 -3.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.7
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.1 5.1 -0.0 -2.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.1 -1.5
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.9 1.5 3.2 0.7 -1.3 1.1 -0.8 -1.6 0.7 -1.8
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.2 2.6 4.5 2.1 1.6 1.9 0.3 0.4 1.5 -2.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.4 0.5 0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.8 3.4 10.3 1.2 -2.3 2.0 3.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.8
Medication: Amlodipine 1.5 2.1 9.0 -1.2 1.1 -3.0 1.2 0.0 -0.6 1.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.9 2.5 6.7 2.2 0.0 2.2 -0.0 0.1 2.6 -0.9
Birth weight 0.9 2.0 5.4 1.4 0.0 0.4 1.5 -1.3 2.3 1.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.9 2.2 5.3 -1.1 -1.3 -2.3 -1.0 2.1 -0.3 -1.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.8 1.6 -0.9 1.1 -0.1 0.5 1.1 -1.3 0.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.4 5.3 10.0 2.2 -2.0 2.8 1.7 -3.2 1.0 -2.6
Body fat percentage 1.0 4.1 13.9 1.4 -1.3 -0.9 1.5 3.7 2.9 -0.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.1 8.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.1 1.6 2.8 2.6 -0.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 1.6 8.2 37.8 1.9 -6.2 -0.5 -0.5 -2.3 1.9 -2.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 5.1 6.8 17.6 3.7 1.1 4.2 1.8 1.1 2.4 -2.2
Comparative body size at age 10 1.0 2.7 8.2 2.3 -2.9 -0.7 0.8 -1.7 1.3 0.4
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.4 -1.0
Worry too long after embarrassment 3.7 6.3 15.6 2.2 0.2 2.1 4.0 2.2 1.8 -3.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 1.3 -0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.5 2.6 7.0 2.4 0.8 2.0 -0.1 -0.7 2.6 -0.7
Number of children fathered 2.3 2.6 5.7 2.4 -0.3 1.6 -0.8 -1.0 1.9 -2.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.2 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 1.2 -0.1 -1.6
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.1 3.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.9 0.9 1.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.5 3.0 6.7 2.6 0.3 1.2 1.6 0.4 2.2 -2.3
Health satisfaction 5.5 7.1 11.6 2.3 -1.2 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.4 -2.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.4 0.2 -0.4 0.7 1.1 0.8 -1.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.5 1.7 4.7 -1.1 0.4 -1.4 -1.3 -2.2 -0.5 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.0 1.2 4.7 -1.1 -0.0 -2.2 -0.9 -0.3 -1.3 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 3.2 3.8 12.0 -2.2 -0.5 -3.5 -0.4 1.3 -1.9 2.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.6 0.7 0.3 -1.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.1 1.8 6.0 0.1 2.4 0.3 -1.6 -1.6 -0.6 1.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 0.7 1.5 0.0 -0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 1.7 3.0 7.2 -2.2 0.4 -2.7 0.4 1.2 -1.2 2.4
Angina (self-reported) 1.9 2.5 6.6 -2.6 -0.1 -2.1 -0.6 0.6 -1.9 1.4
Migraine (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 4.9 0.8 -2.2 1.0 1.4 -0.2 1.1 -1.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.2 1.5 7.2 -0.0 -2.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.7 -1.2
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 1.0 2.6 -1.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.1 1.1
Medication: Omeprazole 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 1.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.1 -1.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 0.8 -0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.6 1.1 3.8 2.0 0.1 1.3 -0.1 -1.3 0.8 0.3
Heart disease (mother) 1.8 2.2 8.8 0.6 1.7 -0.3 3.0 1.7 0.4 -0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.1 2.6 7.0 1.9 1.6 0.9 2.6 -1.3 1.5 -0.1
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.1 9.5 1.8 -2.8 -0.7 1.3 2.4 3.1 -0.6
Leg fat mass (right) 1.0 3.9 8.8 2.1 -2.7 -0.7 1.4 1.9 3.0 -0.8
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.7 8.7 37.5 2.2 -6.1 -0.2 -0.5 -2.1 2.3 -3.0
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.7 2.4 6.2 0.3 1.3 1.4 2.5 -0.2 2.1 1.6
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.4 0.9 2.6 1.1 -0.9 -0.7 1.1 1.6 0.3 -0.3
Comparative height size at age 10 1.1 5.9 26.6 -0.7 -5.2 -0.7 -2.0 -3.0 0.8 0.3
Number of full sisters 1.1 1.4 3.6 1.0 -0.5 0.1 0.7 1.7 1.9 -1.1
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.5 0.9 2.3 -1.5 0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1
Overall health rating 4.1 8.8 16.5 2.4 -0.3 1.7 4.0 3.7 4.1 -2.7
Chest pain or discomfort 2.0 2.9 9.9 1.4 -0.3 0.2 0.2 3.1 2.3 -1.8
Had major operations 1.2 1.4 4.3 -0.2 -1.4 1.9 -0.1 2.1 0.2 -0.4
Age at last live birth 0.7 1.0 3.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 1.1 -0.9 1.2 1.8
Family relationship satisfaction 3.0 3.7 6.5 2.5 -0.6 2.3 1.4 1.3 1.9 -2.6
Leg pain on walking 0.8 1.0 4.4 0.2 -2.1 1.1 0.6 0.9 -0.0 -0.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.1 1.3 2.9 1.5 -1.5 1.1 1.7 0.6 0.1 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.2
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.3 1.6 2.8 -1.1 1.3 -0.5 -1.6 -1.5 -0.8 1.7
Medication: Aspirin 1.0 1.3 4.6 -0.5 1.1 -1.1 0.8 2.1 -0.9 0.7
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.6 0.7 2.7 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.2 -0.9 0.4 0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.3 -1.0 -0.0 0.7 1.4 0.2 -0.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.7 2.0 7.8 -1.3 0.7 -1.2 1.7 0.4 -0.3 2.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.2 1.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.3
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.0 -0.2 -0.3 1.4 0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.7 2.1 5.5 -2.2 -0.4 -1.3 -1.2 0.8 -0.5 2.4
Smoking status: Previous 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.9 1.8 4.1 1.3 -2.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 2.0 -1.7
Whole body fat-free mass 1.5 8.8 40.4 2.0 -6.4 -0.4 -0.4 -2.0 2.2 -2.8
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.6 8.7 34.6 2.7 -5.9 0.5 0.8 -0.6 2.7 -3.3
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.8 7.3 21.2 2.7 -1.1 0.2 3.1 4.6 3.3 -1.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.1 4.0 -0.0 2.0 0.5 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7 -0.2
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.4 0.5 1.9 -1.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 1.4 0.1 0.3
Mood swings 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.2 -1.5 1.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.9 -0.9
Loneliness, isolation 1.0 1.4 5.2 0.5 -0.2 1.5 0.3 2.3 0.1 -1.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.5 3.5 1.4 0.2 1.2 0.5 1.4 1.9 -1.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 3.8 4.5 14.9 -2.4 -0.8 -3.9 -1.3 -1.3 -0.9 2.4
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.3 2.2 6.5 -1.3 0.2 -1.9 -0.6 2.5 -1.8 -0.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.6 0.1 -1.2
Friendships satisfaction 1.0 1.3 4.0 1.0 -0.1 1.4 0.3 2.0 0.6 -1.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.1 1.7 6.5 -1.0 0.2 -1.7 -2.5 0.4 -1.1 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.5 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.9 -0.9 1.5 0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.7 1.1 3.0 -0.9 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.5 -1.7 -0.2
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 -1.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.1 1.3 4.0 0.9 -0.6 0.0 1.2 2.0 1.0 -1.1
Back pain experienced in last month 1.2 1.7 5.5 -0.5 1.3 -0.7 0.4 2.3 -0.4 -1.9
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 3.0 -0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.9 1.0 0.0 -1.7
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.8 -1.9 0.0 -1.2 0.3 -0.2 -1.9 1.0
Asthma (self-reported) 2.6 5.2 15.6 2.4 0.2 2.3 0.1 -4.0 3.0 0.9
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 4.4 -0.9 -2.1 -0.9 -0.6 0.9 0.5 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.6 0.7 -0.2 -0.6 0.6 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.9 1.2 4.9 -0.4 0.8 -1.4 0.3 2.2 -0.6 0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 1.1 1.3 5.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 2.4 -1.1 0.2
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.0 1.2 2.5 -0.2 0.8 0.8 -1.4 -1.6 0.4 1.5
Smoking status: Current 2.0 3.1 11.6 -0.3 -2.7 -0.6 -1.0 3.4 -0.3 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.1 2.4 6.8 1.4 0.9 2.0 1.7 -0.3 -0.1 -2.6
Whole body water mass 1.6 9.2 41.5 2.2 -6.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.9 2.3 -3.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.6 8.8 34.2 2.7 -5.8 0.6 0.8 -0.6 2.8 -3.3
Arm fat mass (left) 1.6 6.5 11.2 2.8 -2.9 0.1 2.3 3.1 3.4 -1.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.9 1.6 3.5 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.9 0.1 1.8 0.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.7 1.0 2.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -1.6 -1.2 -0.7 0.1
Miserableness 0.4 0.8 2.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.9 1.1 -1.5
Guilty feelings 1.5 2.2 4.5 1.2 0.9 2.0 1.6 -0.6 2.1 -1.4
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 4.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 -2.1 0.3 1.9
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 0.2 0.3
Hearing aid user 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.0 -0.5 0.9 0.8 -0.6 1.2 -0.8
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 2.9 0.2 1.4 -0.6 -1.7 -0.0 -1.2 -0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 4.6 5.7 8.5 2.9 0.8 1.7 2.4 2.9 2.4 -2.8
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.6 3.0 6.6 2.2 -0.3 2.3 1.7 0.6 1.1 -2.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.9 1.0 5.6 0.6 -2.4 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.8 2.1 4.9 2.1 -0.0 2.2 -0.5 0.5 1.5 -1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 1.5
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 2.1 2.7 4.5 1.9 -1.2 1.4 1.7 0.4 2.1 -2.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.9 1.1 3.2 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.9 -1.4 -0.1 1.8
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 2.2 3.9 14.5 2.1 1.9 1.7 3.8 1.0 1.1 -0.0
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.6 0.9 2.5 -1.2 1.0 -1.6 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.3 2.0 7.3 -0.2 -2.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 -1.9
Medication: Lisinopril 0.8 1.0 2.2 -0.0 1.5 -1.3 0.0 -0.7 -1.4 0.9
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.1 -0.6 0.3 0.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.0 1.3 4.4 0.4 2.1 -1.2 1.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.5 3.0 8.1 1.4 -2.8 0.1 1.0 2.1 0.8 -2.2
Ever smoked 0.9 1.5 9.4 0.0 -3.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 0.1
Basal metabolic rate 1.5 8.3 36.6 2.3 -6.0 -0.4 -0.0 -1.4 2.6 -2.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.6 8.6 1.2 -0.4 -1.2 1.3 2.9 2.1 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.7 8.6 41.3 2.0 -6.4 -0.8 -0.4 -1.9 2.2 -2.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.9 1.3 5.2 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 2.3 -0.6 0.8
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.1 6.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.6 -2.5 0.1 0.2 0.5
Irritability 0.6 1.1 2.0 1.0 -0.5 1.4 1.4 0.2 1.2 -1.0
Risk taking 1.4 2.1 5.6 1.5 -2.4 0.1 -1.3 1.4 0.7 -1.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.1 1.4 3.2 -1.0 -1.8 -0.9 -0.9 1.8 -0.3 0.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.5 0.9 -0.0 0.2 -1.4 1.0 -0.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.6 5.0 19.9 1.8 1.3 1.6 4.5 -0.8 2.4 0.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.0 1.2 4.9 0.8 -2.2 1.0 0.3 1.2 0.4 -0.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.7 -0.5 1.2 0.7 1.0 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.7 1.5 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Myopia 1.8 2.7 9.3 0.0 3.0 -1.5 1.4 -1.0 1.1 1.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.9 5.0 1.0 -1.3 0.9 -2.1 -0.5 0.4 -2.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.7 2.5 7.0 0.3 2.4 0.7 2.6 -1.0 0.5 1.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.6 0.8 0.1 0.6 -1.0 0.2 0.2
Pain experienced in last month 1.4 2.3 8.0 -0.3 2.1 -0.6 -0.4 -1.8 -0.4 2.8
Supplements: Calcium 1.3 1.4 3.1 -0.2 1.4 -0.2 1.5 -1.4 0.8 1.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.9 3.4 9.3 3.0 -0.6 2.0 0.3 0.9 2.4 -1.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 0.7 -1.3 -0.5
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 3.4 4.3 12.5 1.2 -2.2 -0.0 0.2 3.3 -0.5 -3.5
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -1.1 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 4.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.0 2.9 0.9 -0.2 0.1 1.7 1.7 0.8 0.3
Impedance of whole body 2.0 10.1 29.7 -4.0 5.4 -1.1 -3.0 0.6 -1.9 3.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.9 3.4 7.1 1.9 -2.6 -0.8 1.3 2.0 2.7 -0.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.6 8.0 39.3 1.7 -6.3 -1.0 -0.5 -1.9 1.9 -2.3