Hub : Genes

HSPA4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1275 0.0340 1.3e-06 0.086 NA 0.095 NA 0.081 8.0e-09 NA 1.5e-09 NA 2.5e-08
2 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1493 0.0569 1.3e-03 0.072 NA 0.026 NA 0.054 7.9e-06 NA 5.4e-03 NA 1.0e-04
3 GTEx Testis 0.1290 0.0510 4.8e-03 0.133 NA 0.084 NA 0.115 1.7e-06 NA 1.4e-04 NA 9.1e-06
4 METSIM Adipose 0.0938 0.0291 5.9e-06 0.016 0.034 0.022 0.038 0.024 1.6e-03 6.5e-06 2.5e-04 1.7e-06 1.2e-04
5 YFS Blood 0.1687 0.0320 0.0e+00 0.024 0.088 0.085 0.087 0.054 1.8e-08 2.8e-27 2.0e-26 6.6e-27 4.0e-17
6 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0259 0.0147 7.4e-05 0.020 0.019 0.009 NA 0.014 5.2e-05 5.8e-05 5.1e-03 NA 4.8e-04
7 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0870 0.0363 1.0e-05 0.008 0.047 0.035 NA 0.016 3.9e-02 4.1e-06 6.1e-05 NA 5.8e-03
8 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0710 0.0396 4.0e-03 0.002 0.005 0.003 NA 0.009 1.9e-01 8.1e-02 1.5e-01 NA 3.0e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.2 2.0 5.1 -1.0 -1.9 -1.7 -2.3 0.0 1.3 -1.2 0.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.4 3.4 6.3 -1.1 -2.5 -2.4 -2.3 0.4 2.3 -1.7 0.0
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 1.3 0.1 0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.4 3.6 6.7 -2.3 -2.6 -2.4 -1.9 0.1 2.0 -1.8 0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.6 2.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 -1.1 1.5 0.2 -0.8 -0.6
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 2.7 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 1.6 0.3 1.2
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.8 1.6 3.5 -0.7 -1.7 -1.8 -1.1 0.4 1.9 -1.3 0.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.1 2.8 8.2 2.1 1.7 0.8 2.4 -0.4 0.0 2.9 0.0
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.7 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.6 0.6 2.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 1.4 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.4 2.6 5.0 1.9 2.2 2.2 0.1 -1.3 -2.1 0.8 -0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 3.2 4.6 8.4 2.4 2.8 2.9 1.5 -2.0 -2.2 1.9 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.9 4.2 8.9 1.7 1.7 2.2 1.2 -2.2 -3.0 -0.3 -2.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.4 3.4 6.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.1 -1.8 -2.5 -0.2 -2.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 0.9 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.8 -0.7 -1.0 0.1 -1.4
Major Depression (MDD) 1.1 1.4 6.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 2.5 0.8 -0.2 0.7
Reaction Time 0.6 1.1 2.9 1.3 1.0 0.6 -0.3 -1.6 0.0 0.5 1.7
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.8 3.5 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Breast Cancer 7.0 16.8 32.4 4.6 5.5 5.7 0.9 -2.8 -5.2 3.8 0.1
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 0.4 0.7
Prostate Cancer 2.2 3.1 6.2 -1.6 -1.9 -2.4 -1.2 2.1 2.5 -1.0 -0.2
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.3 -1.3 -1.1 0.4 -0.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.1 1.1 2.2 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.5 1.2 0.8 -1.2 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.0 1.4 3.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.5 -1.2 0.8 1.0 -1.8 -0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.8 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.4 -1.3 -1.5 -0.3 0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 0.3 1.1
Fasting Glucose 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.7
HbA1C 0.6 0.6 1.8 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.5
HDL Cholesterol 1.1 1.9 3.3 1.8 1.6 1.8 0.2 -0.2 -1.8 -0.5 -1.6
LDL Cholesterol 0.6 0.9 5.3 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.0 -2.3 -1.0 -0.4 0.2
Lupus 4.2 6.3 10.0 -2.7 -2.5 -2.9 -1.1 3.0 3.2 -2.7 -1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 0.5 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.9 3.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5 1.2 1.2 0.6 -0.3 -1.9
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.9 -0.1 1.1 -0.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.3 2.8 7.3 -0.7 -2.2 -2.6 -1.2 0.5 2.7 -1.0 0.0
Triglycerides 2.4 3.9 8.3 -2.5 -2.6 -2.7 -0.3 1.5 2.9 -0.5 0.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.4 1.8 -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 1.3 -0.3 0.2 0.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.2 -1.1 -0.2 0.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.9 14.8 47.7 3.4 3.6 2.7 -6.9 -1.9 -2.7 4.8 2.3
Blood Platelet Count 0.9 10.2 18.9 3.3 4.0 3.4 3.1 -1.5 -2.8 4.3 2.0
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.8 2.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -1.1 0.4 1.2 1.6
Blood White Count 0.6 4.4 9.2 -2.4 -2.4 -2.8 -0.8 0.0 3.0 0.9 2.2
Heel T-Score 7.9 62.9 112.4 9.7 10.6 10.2 4.5 -6.4 -9.2 6.9 -0.7
BMI 0.2 1.0 1.6 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -0.6 1.2 -0.6 1.2
Height 0.2 3.1 8.1 1.5 1.4 1.8 1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.8 -2.8
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 9.4 42.2 68.6 -7.4 -8.3 -8.1 -3.7 5.8 8.1 -6.0 -0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 4.3 21.3 38.2 -5.0 -5.7 -5.8 -3.0 4.9 6.2 -2.5 1.7
Smoking Status 0.1 0.3 1.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 1.2
Allergy or Eczema 1.7 4.5 12.0 1.5 3.5 3.2 -0.0 -0.7 -2.4 2.3 0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 5.0 16.6 32.9 -4.2 -5.1 -5.4 -2.9 3.1 5.7 -2.7 1.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.7 1.3 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 -1.1 -0.5 0.3 -1.1
Respiratory disease 1.3 2.9 6.7 1.4 2.6 2.4 -1.3 -1.1 -2.0 1.3 -0.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 0.5 -0.5 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 6.7 34.0 64.3 -5.6 -8.0 -7.6 -3.2 3.7 7.7 -6.0 -0.4
Lung FVC 3.2 16.0 37.5 -3.7 -4.4 -4.9 0.5 6.1 5.6 -0.7 1.3
Neuroticism 0.2 0.6 2.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4 0.8 1.5 0.2 0.5
Chronotype (morning person) 1.3 3.0 7.7 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.0 -1.3 -2.8 1.7 -1.1
Hair Pigment 0.1 4.1 7.8 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.3 -0.9 -1.7 1.4 -1.3
Tanning 0.1 0.9 2.9 -0.1 0.4 1.0 -0.4 -1.4 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6
Hand grip strength (left) 1.3 3.5 10.7 1.0 2.0 2.6 0.5 -2.1 -3.3 -0.1 -0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 3.8 6.8 11.7 -3.0 -3.4 -3.3 -3.4 0.6 2.8 -1.9 -0.2
Average weekly spirits intake 4.3 5.3 10.1 -2.3 -2.4 -2.7 -1.4 3.2 2.8 -2.0 0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.6 2.7 7.9 -1.7 -1.5 -2.1 -0.9 1.2 2.8 -0.1 1.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.4 2.0 3.1 -0.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.8 -0.7 1.5 -1.2 1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.6 0.9 2.0 -0.8 0.9 1.3 0.6 -0.7 -1.4 0.9 -0.4
Relative age of first facial hair 5.7 11.7 23.5 4.8 4.5 4.3 1.6 -1.4 -4.1 3.2 0.0
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.2 1.6 8.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 -2.9 -1.4 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.5 1.9 5.3 -0.7 -1.9 -1.9 -0.9 -0.0 2.3 -0.9 0.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.3 2.6 6.9 -0.6 -1.7 -2.0 -0.4 -0.6 2.6 0.6 2.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 2.8 6.3 -1.3 -2.5 -2.4 -1.2 0.8 2.5 -0.7 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.7 0.8 2.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6 -1.0 0.9 -0.6 0.7
Angina 1.9 2.5 5.0 -1.7 -2.2 -1.9 -1.7 0.8 1.4 -1.6 -0.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.9 2.0 -1.0 -1.4 -1.4 0.3 0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -1.0 0.2 -0.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.1 1.2 5.4 -0.7 0.5 0.1 -1.3 -1.3 0.4 0.5 2.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3
Medication: Metformin 0.5 0.8 3.0 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 1.7
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.9 0.6 0.5 -0.1
Diabetes (mother) 1.1 1.4 3.6 -1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 0.3 1.9 -1.0 0.5
Severe depression (siblings) 2.0 2.2 3.4 -0.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.4 1.9 1.7 -1.7 -1.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 3.6 5.5 9.1 -3.0 -2.8 -2.7 -2.6 1.6 2.1 -2.5 0.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.8 4.1 10.2 1.5 2.4 2.5 1.1 0.5 -3.2 0.1 -2.6
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.6 1.9 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 0.9 -0.5 0.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 1.0 2.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.3 -1.5 -1.3
Hand grip strength (right) 1.3 3.4 9.7 1.2 2.0 2.6 0.2 -2.1 -3.1 -0.6 -0.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.9 1.2 3.9 -0.5 -1.4 -1.7 0.4 0.3 2.0 0.4 0.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.5 0.9 2.6 -1.6 -1.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.9
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.2 1.5 2.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.7 0.6 0.9 -1.6 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.1
Fed-up feelings 0.4 0.8 3.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -1.8 1.1 0.3 0.5
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.8 2.5 3.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.5 0.2 1.9 -1.6 0.4
Relative age voice broke 4.2 6.5 10.3 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.1 -2.0 -2.5 2.7 0.4
Taking other prescription medications 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1.3 -0.9 0.5 0.2 0.8
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.5 3.6 6.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.8 -2.0 -1.6 1.7 -0.3
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.9 2.2 4.9 -1.2 -1.8 -1.9 -0.5 0.3 2.0 -0.3 2.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.5 3.4 6.2 2.5 2.5 2.4 1.3 -1.5 -2.0 0.8 -0.8
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -0.5 0.2 -1.2 -0.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.6 3.5 5.1 1.5 2.1 2.0 2.1 -2.1 -1.8 2.3 0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.7 2.1 4.7 -1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -1.9 -1.9 0.4 -2.2 0.6
High blood pressure 3.5 9.9 19.3 -3.6 -4.4 -4.3 -2.1 2.2 4.2 -0.8 0.7
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.7 3.8 9.9 1.7 3.1 2.7 -0.2 -0.6 -1.9 2.3 0.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.7 0.9 2.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 0.6 -1.1 -0.6 0.4 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 4.0 5.0 8.5 -2.1 -2.9 -2.6 -2.1 -0.4 2.9 -2.5 1.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.6 0.7 1.6 1.6 -0.7 -1.1 -1.9 0.1 -0.6
Medication: Atenolol 2.5 3.1 6.6 -2.6 -2.0 -1.8 -1.4 1.7 1.4 -1.9 -0.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 1.1 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -1.1
Sitting height 0.0 0.3 1.0 0.0 0.6 0.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.6 0.7 3.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -1.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1
High blood pressure (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.6 2.6 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -1.6 0.8 -0.0 0.6
Impedance of leg (left) 0.8 3.8 8.7 1.5 2.4 2.5 1.5 0.6 -3.0 0.1 -2.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.6 2.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4 1.0 -0.5 0.6
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.8 1.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -1.4 0.1 -1.3 -1.2
Waist circumference 1.8 6.5 12.5 -2.6 -3.5 -3.5 -1.4 1.0 3.5 -2.3 0.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.6
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.4
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.7 0.7
Nervous feelings 0.6 1.1 4.0 0.3 0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.9 1.0 1.7 2.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -1.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.4 1.3 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -1.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 2.0 2.5 5.1 0.7 2.1 2.1 0.8 -1.9 -2.3 1.2 0.1
Had menopause 0.9 1.1 4.1 0.8 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -2.0 0.8 1.2 1.2
Had other major operations 0.7 0.9 2.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -1.7 -0.0 0.4 -1.3 0.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.6 6.1 17.3 -2.3 -2.6 -2.9 0.3 4.2 3.1 -0.5 1.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.5 3.5 8.7 3.0 2.6 2.4 1.1 -0.6 -1.8 0.8 -1.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.7 0.9 2.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 0.7 -1.5 -0.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 1.1 -0.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 1.0 3.2 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.8 1.8 -1.1 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 1.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.1
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.8 -0.3 0.0 1.0 0.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.5
Allergy 3.4 7.7 17.3 -2.7 -4.2 -3.9 -0.3 1.9 3.2 -2.9 -0.1
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.4 0.2 0.9 0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -1.5 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 3.2 -1.0 0.2 0.0 -0.0 1.8 0.3 -0.1 0.1
Medication: Ramipril 1.1 1.4 5.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 0.6 2.3 1.0 -0.8 -1.5
Medication: Simvastatin 6.2 9.1 17.6 -3.1 -4.2 -3.6 -2.8 1.7 3.0 -3.5 -0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.9 1.8 8.4 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.4 2.9 1.3 -0.9 -0.1
Illnesses of siblings 2.2 3.1 5.4 1.6 2.2 2.3 2.3 0.0 -2.2 0.8 -1.2
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.5 1.9 1.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.0 0.2 1.4 0.4 0.6
Weight 0.1 0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -1.5 0.4 -0.4 0.0
Impedance of arm (right) 1.1 5.3 8.0 -2.7 -2.7 -2.1 -1.2 2.8 1.4 -2.8 -1.8
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.5 2.1 4.0 -1.5 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -0.4 1.3 -1.7 -0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.9 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.7 0.4 0.3
Hip circumference 0.1 0.4 2.7 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.3 -1.6 -0.1 0.5 0.2
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.5 1.7 1.3 1.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.9 -0.0 0.2 0.0
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 2.5 3.8 10.0 1.7 2.4 1.8 1.2 -3.2 -1.7 2.1 -0.0
Father’s age at death 0.6 0.9 2.5 0.0 0.2 0.5 -1.4 0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -1.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.7 0.8 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.8
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 5.0 8.2 12.0 -3.1 -3.4 -3.2 -3.4 0.7 3.5 -2.6 1.8
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.4 -1.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.6 1.7 -0.2 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.2 3.3 7.4 -1.3 -2.3 -2.3 -1.1 1.8 2.7 -1.4 -0.1
Number of live births 0.7 0.9 3.1 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.6 -1.1 -1.8 0.1 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 3.4 11.6 23.8 -3.2 -4.1 -4.2 -0.2 4.5 4.9 -1.6 1.1
Pulse rate 2.1 3.6 6.8 -1.9 -2.1 -2.1 -1.5 -1.8 1.9 -0.6 2.6
Happiness 0.6 0.7 2.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1 0.8 -1.5 -0.8
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.5 -0.0 0.1 -1.1 0.0 0.1 -1.4 -0.9
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4 1.0 1.3 -1.1 -0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 2.7 1.0 0.5 0.6 -1.1 -1.6 -0.3 -0.6 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.9 1.5 2.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -1.6 -0.1 -1.5
Asthma 3.0 6.0 13.3 2.3 3.7 3.3 -0.3 -1.8 -3.2 2.3 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.7 2.6 5.8 -1.7 -2.4 -2.0 -1.2 0.1 1.8 -1.7 -0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.7 -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 1.3 0.9 0.2 -0.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.1 -0.9
Prospective memory result 0.9 1.1 3.5 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.9 -0.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.2 -1.0
Illnesses of mother 0.9 1.1 4.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 2.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 3.7 11.8 22.4 -3.3 -4.2 -4.3 -0.4 4.6 4.7 -1.6 1.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.7 2.0 5.5 -1.7 -2.3 -2.1 -0.4 0.2 1.5 -0.8 0.5
Impedance of arm (left) 1.0 4.7 7.3 -2.6 -2.5 -2.1 -0.8 2.7 1.5 -2.5 -1.8
Arm fat mass (right) 0.3 1.1 2.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.1 -1.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.2
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 0.9 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.7 0.4 0.2
Standing height 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 -0.8
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.7 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -1.1 1.1 -0.2
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.7 4.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 2.1 -0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.4
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.6 0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 5.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 1.2 0.4 2.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 4.8 11.6 20.9 -4.0 -4.6 -4.2 -0.9 4.3 3.9 -2.1 0.4
Birth weight of first child 0.3 0.5 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.4 0.6 0.9 -0.4 0.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 3.6 8.2 15.9 -3.6 -3.7 -3.6 -0.7 2.1 4.0 -2.0 1.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 1.5 0.6 1.0 0.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 2.4 0.9 1.5 1.2 -0.4 0.2 -1.4 0.4 -0.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.9 2.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.6 0.8 -0.9 -1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.1 1.4 6.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 2.5 -0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.9 1.2 2.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.7 -1.7 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.4 4.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -1.6 -2.0 0.7 0.2 1.8
Headache pain in last month 4.3 7.4 13.7 -3.2 -3.7 -3.5 -1.3 1.3 3.5 -2.6 0.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 4.7 7.8 17.2 3.1 4.1 3.8 1.4 -1.3 -3.5 2.2 0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6
Gout (self-reported) 1.4 1.9 4.7 1.3 1.2 1.4 -0.7 -2.0 -2.2 -0.4 -0.7
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 0.9 1.3 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.8 -1.1 -0.9 0.9 -1.0
Medication: Amlodipine 2.7 3.7 7.7 -1.9 -2.5 -2.5 -1.5 0.3 2.8 -0.9 1.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.8 1.1 2.2 0.9 1.5 1.2 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0 0.3 -0.7
Birth weight 2.8 6.2 13.7 2.1 2.8 3.4 0.6 -2.8 -3.7 0.4 -1.9
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.8 2.1 3.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 -0.4 1.9 1.2 -1.9 -1.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 3.8 5.5 9.5 -2.4 -2.7 -3.1 -2.9 -0.4 2.8 -1.2 1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.4 5.2 14.8 -2.2 -2.5 -2.6 0.1 3.9 2.8 -0.6 0.6
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.6 2.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.3 -0.9 -1.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.3 3.3 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.0 -1.8 -1.6 0.4 -1.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.6 7.3 1.8 2.0 1.7 0.6 -2.7 -1.3 1.1 0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.0 1.3 5.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 -1.0 -2.3 -1.5 -0.9 -0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.9 3.6 -1.0 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 -1.9 -1.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.2 3.7 9.3 -1.5 -1.5 -2.3 -1.9 1.0 3.1 -0.9 2.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.9 1.1 2.6 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.5 0.1 1.6 -1.0 0.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.1 3.8 9.6 1.4 2.1 2.5 -1.4 -3.1 -2.4 0.3 -0.5
Number of children fathered 0.9 1.0 3.4 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.0 -1.1 -1.5 -1.8
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.3 -0.9 -1.1 0.0 0.2
Age at first live birth 1.7 2.9 6.7 -2.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 2.6 0.7 -2.2 -1.1
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.6 1.8 5.0 1.5 2.2 2.0 0.4 0.1 -1.5 0.6 -0.6
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 0.7 -1.1 -0.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.8 4.2 -0.0 0.9 0.9 -0.0 -2.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.7 5.4 8.2 -2.5 -2.9 -2.7 -1.7 2.2 2.8 -2.3 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.4 1.7 6.9 0.8 0.5 0.3 1.0 2.6 -0.0 -1.0 -1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 0.7 -0.2 1.3 0.1 1.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 6.4 0.7 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -2.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.3 3.0 1.5 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.3 -1.4 0.4 -0.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.5 0.8 2.5 1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.4 0.5 1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 4.7 8.2 16.7 -3.3 -4.1 -3.7 -1.7 2.3 2.8 -2.5 -1.5
Angina (self-reported) 1.9 2.4 4.8 -1.7 -2.2 -1.9 -1.7 0.9 1.4 -1.5 -0.6
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.9 1.2 -0.0 0.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.5
Medication: Allopurinol 1.7 2.3 6.1 0.9 1.3 1.7 -0.5 -2.5 -2.5 -0.6 -0.0
Medication: Omeprazole 1.7 2.1 5.8 -0.7 -1.5 -1.5 -0.7 -0.4 2.3 0.0 2.4
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 8.3 9.6 18.1 3.7 4.2 4.1 1.1 -2.3 -3.5 3.0 -0.7
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.7 0.4 0.6
Heart disease (mother) 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.8 2.1 5.9 0.8 1.6 1.4 0.7 -2.4 -1.7 1.6 0.1
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.5 3.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.8
Leg fat mass (right) 0.2 0.9 4.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 -0.2 -2.2 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.2 5.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 0.6 -2.4 -1.1 1.0 0.7
Pulse rate, automated reading 2.9 9.3 18.4 -3.6 -4.3 -4.3 -2.9 0.4 3.1 -2.1 1.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 2.1 5.0 16.2 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.4 -4.0 -0.2 3.5 1.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.6 3.8 -0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -2.0
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 4.6 -1.5 -1.7 -2.1 -0.3 0.9 1.5 -1.0 0.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5
Overall health rating 1.6 3.4 9.3 -1.7 -2.3 -2.3 -1.1 0.1 3.0 -0.5 1.8
Chest pain or discomfort 1.9 2.8 6.6 -1.6 -2.0 -1.6 -2.6 -0.6 1.4 -1.8 0.9
Had major operations 1.9 2.2 4.3 -1.9 -2.1 -2.0 -0.9 1.3 1.6 -0.7 0.4
Age at last live birth 3.2 4.6 8.4 -2.3 -2.9 -2.6 -1.7 1.3 2.2 -2.7 0.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1
Leg pain on walking 1.7 2.1 4.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -0.7 2.1 -1.1 0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.2 1.5 3.5 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.2 -1.7 -1.2 1.2 1.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.2 1.4 4.4 -0.7 0.3 0.7 1.5 1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -2.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 3.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.0 1.8 0.9 0.3 0.7
Medication: Aspirin 2.4 3.1 6.2 -2.5 -2.4 -2.1 -0.9 1.8 1.4 -1.3 -1.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.3 2.7 8.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 0.7 0.6 2.6 1.2 3.0
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.5 2.3 4.9 -1.2 -1.8 -1.9 -0.1 1.1 2.2 -1.6 -1.3
Hypertension (Self-reported) 3.7 10.2 19.7 -3.6 -4.4 -4.4 -2.6 1.9 4.2 -1.0 0.7
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 1.4 0.0 0.7
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.8 1.2 2.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -0.7 0.7 1.5 -0.7 0.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.0 0.3 -0.7
Smoking status: Previous 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.4 0.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.5 2.4 0.7 0.6 0.4 -0.1 -1.6 -0.1 0.2 0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.8 1.8 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 1.4 -0.5 0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.7 3.2 -1.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.2 -0.7 1.2 -1.5 -0.8
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.8 1.9 -1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 1.4 0.7 -0.3 0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.7 0.9 0.6
Mood swings 0.4 0.7 1.5 1.2 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -1.2 0.9 0.4 1.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.5 -0.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.1 1.6 -0.3 -0.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.9 3.9 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -2.0 -0.8 0.3 -0.7 0.7
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.8 1.0 3.8 -0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.2 1.5 1.9 -0.1 0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.3 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.2 1.3 3.2 -1.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 1.2 -1.4 -0.5
Friendships satisfaction 0.6 0.8 3.8 0.6 0.2 0.7 2.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 -1.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.7 1.0 3.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 -1.6 -2.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.2 1.1 0.0 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.4 1.6 4.1 -2.0 -1.6 -1.8 -0.8 -0.1 1.3 0.2 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.9 1.4 4.2 -1.4 -1.1 -1.2 -2.1 0.3 0.8 -1.4 0.4
Medication for cholesterol 4.9 7.5 14.7 2.7 3.8 3.8 1.1 -2.2 -3.8 1.6 0.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.6 0.8 1.8 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.4
Back pain experienced in last month 1.0 1.5 4.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 0.7 0.6 -2.0 -2.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 3.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 0.0 1.9 -0.4 0.3
Asthma (self-reported) 2.7 5.3 11.4 2.1 3.4 3.1 -0.3 -1.9 -3.1 2.1 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.8 0.4 0.1 -0.0 1.4 -0.2 0.4 2.2 1.0
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 0.3 0.9 -0.7 -1.1
Medication: Aspirin 2.7 3.5 7.0 -2.6 -2.6 -2.2 -0.9 1.7 1.4 -1.4 -1.1
Medication: Gliclazide 0.8 0.9 3.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -1.7 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 5.9 7.3 10.8 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.3 -2.6 -3.0 2.3 -0.4
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.8 5.9 13.8 -2.1 -3.0 -3.2 1.0 3.0 3.7 -0.1 0.3
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.5 2.5 0.7 0.6 0.4 -0.2 -1.6 -0.1 0.1 0.6
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.8 1.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.6 -1.1 1.3 -0.5 0.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.2 1.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 2.9 5.0 9.0 -2.0 -2.5 -2.9 -2.9 1.2 3.0 -1.3 -0.8
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.2
Miserableness 0.3 0.5 1.8 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.0
Guilty feelings 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 7.3 0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.3 1.7 -0.0 -0.3 -2.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.7
Hearing aid user 1.3 1.5 6.1 0.0 0.5 0.8 1.8 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -2.5
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.1 2.8 1.0 1.5 1.7 0.3 -1.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.8 0.9 5.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -2.4 0.6 -1.1 0.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 0.1 0.3 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.3 1.6 5.4 -0.0 -0.7 -1.3 -0.9 -0.1 2.3 0.3 2.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.5 -1.0 -1.6 -0.9 0.4 0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 2.7 5.1 12.9 -2.0 -2.6 -3.0 -1.8 1.8 3.6 -0.7 1.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.1 1.4 4.9 0.6 0.1 0.5 -2.2 -2.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.0 0.4 0.4 -0.6 -1.7 -0.0 0.4 1.2
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 2.1 3.8 7.3 -1.7 -2.7 -2.4 -1.5 1.3 2.2 -2.2 -0.6
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.9 2.9 8.4 -1.8 -1.7 -2.1 1.0 1.8 2.9 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.3 3.7 0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -1.9 -1.6 0.1 0.5 1.9
Medication: Lisinopril 1.2 1.5 3.5 -0.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4 -0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.6
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.8 1.6 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 0.6 -1.0 0.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 2.7 3.3 6.3 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -1.8 2.5 1.9 -1.1 0.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.3 -1.1 -0.5 1.4 0.9
Ever smoked 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -1.1 1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.4 2.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.0 -1.6 -0.1 0.1 0.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.5 4.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.3 -2.1 -1.4 0.5 -1.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.4 2.3 5.6 1.8 1.7 1.5 0.4 -2.4 -1.3 1.2 1.0
Number of operations (self-reported) 5.2 7.7 14.5 -2.9 -3.8 -3.8 -2.1 1.1 3.6 -2.2 0.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.7 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 0.2 0.4 -1.2 -0.3
Irritability 2.2 3.8 9.7 3.1 2.6 2.4 0.4 -1.0 -2.3 0.9 -0.9
Risk taking 2.4 3.5 8.1 2.2 2.4 2.0 0.4 -1.3 -1.9 -0.4 -2.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.4 0.4 1.6 1.2 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 0.0 0.3
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.6 2.6 -1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.4 1.6
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.7 2.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.8 1.6 0.6 0.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.4 7.4 14.3 -2.8 -3.7 -3.8 -2.1 1.8 3.7 -0.8 1.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 1.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.4 1.2
Myopia 1.0 1.4 4.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.7 -0.3 1.2 2.2 -0.6 0.3
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 4.0 11.0 22.2 3.7 4.7 4.6 1.9 -2.7 -4.3 1.2 -0.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 4.5 6.6 12.8 -2.5 -3.6 -3.3 -2.2 1.9 3.0 -2.2 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.1 1.4 4.1 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7 1.6 -0.3 2.0
Pain experienced in last month 3.3 5.5 10.9 2.5 3.3 3.1 1.4 -1.5 -3.0 1.8 0.4
Supplements: Calcium 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -1.0 -0.0 1.2 0.9
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.1 2.5 6.4 -1.6 -1.9 -1.8 -2.5 -0.7 0.9 -1.6 0.5
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.0 0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.6 -0.5
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 3.0 -1.4 -1.7 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 0.9 -1.5 -0.8
Heart disease (siblings) 1.4 1.7 3.1 -1.6 -1.8 -1.7 -1.2 -0.1 1.6 -0.8 0.5
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.7 0.1
Pack years of smoking 3.8 5.6 8.9 -3.0 -3.0 -2.8 -2.6 1.3 2.3 -2.4 0.6
Impedance of whole body 0.3 1.4 4.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 1.9 -0.5 -1.5 -2.1
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.1 6.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.1 -2.5 -0.9 -0.0 -0.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.6 4.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 0.4 -2.1 -1.0 0.9 0.6