Hub : Genes

KALRN

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.2950 0.0630 1.3e-06 0.186 NA 0.214 NA 0.222 1.7e-12 NA 2.4e-14 NA 7.3e-15
2 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1003 0.0333 8.8e-04 0.084 NA 0.062 NA 0.058 1.2e-08 NA 9.9e-07 NA 2.3e-06
3 GTEx Pancreas 0.2220 0.0610 2.2e-04 0.099 NA 0.101 NA 0.107 5.9e-05 NA 4.7e-05 NA 2.9e-05
4 GTEx Thyroid 0.3090 0.0590 1.1e-06 0.161 NA 0.221 NA 0.172 2.5e-12 NA 7.4e-17 NA 3.8e-13
5 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.1120 0.0510 7.2e-03 0.033 0.014 0.012 NA 0.020 5.4e-03 5.1e-02 6.7e-02 NA 2.5e-02
6 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0871 0.0309 6.5e-05 -0.002 0.024 0.014 NA 0.000 5.9e-01 8.1e-04 8.3e-03 NA 3.3e-01
7 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1524 0.0441 1.2e-05 0.052 0.071 0.069 NA 0.083 3.5e-06 6.2e-08 1.1e-07 NA 4.7e-09
8 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.1190 0.0490 1.1e-03 0.032 0.067 0.037 NA 0.045 2.1e-03 1.5e-05 1.1e-03 NA 3.3e-04
9 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.4720 0.0640 2.2e-16 0.186 0.194 0.207 NA 0.224 7.2e-18 1.3e-18 7.6e-20 NA 1.5e-21

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 -1.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.6 1.6 6.2 -0.1 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 0.7 -2.5 -1.1 2.2 0.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 1.8 0.5 -1.1 0.4 1.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -1.3 0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.2 -0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.0 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 1.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.2 3.8 11.3 1.9 3.0 0.2 -0.3 -3.4 2.1 0.0 -2.2 -1.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.8 2.1 0.7 -0.6 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.6 -1.2 -1.4 0.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.2 2.6 9.6 -0.2 -1.3 1.3 -0.2 0.9 -3.1 -0.8 2.6 1.4
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.5 0.6 1.4 -1.0 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 0.9 -1.2 0.3 0.6 0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.7 2.4 0.0 -1.3 -0.6 -0.1 1.5 0.8 -1.2 0.2 -0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.0 1.1 2.5 -1.1 0.5 -1.1 -1.5 -0.6 1.6 0.1 -1.0 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 2.6 0.3 0.7 -1.4 -0.4 0.3 1.6 0.3 -0.7 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.2 1.7 6.3 -1.3 -0.3 -2.5 -1.4 0.5 1.4 0.5 -0.9 -1.5
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.8 4.0 11.2 2.4 3.3 1.9 0.2 -2.8 2.2 -0.3 -1.8 -0.5
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.8 4.2 13.2 3.3 3.6 2.0 -0.2 -2.3 1.3 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.2 2.3 9.7 3.1 2.9 1.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 -1.0 -0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 1.2 1.5 4.3 -1.2 -2.1 -1.1 0.7 0.2 -1.4 0.9 -1.6 0.0
Reaction Time 1.1 2.1 6.0 -0.5 -0.3 -2.1 -1.1 1.2 2.5 1.1 1.5 -1.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.1 2.7 8.1 1.9 1.9 0.3 0.5 -2.9 1.3 -1.4 -2.2 -0.2
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.7 2.1 -0.3 0.2 -1.1 0.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.7 -1.4 -1.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.1 3.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.0 1.3 1.7 -1.1 1.0 0.3 1.5
Prostate Cancer 1.4 2.0 8.8 1.9 1.1 0.4 0.5 -0.7 1.7 0.3 -3.0 -0.1
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 2.7 1.0 1.6 0.6 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3 0.0
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.6 2.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -1.6 1.2 -0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.3 1.8 4.4 1.4 2.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 1.7 0.8 -1.6 -1.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.2 1.4 2.9 -1.5 -1.5 -1.7 0.6 1.7 0.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.7
Crohns Disease (2012) 2.7 4.3 7.3 2.1 2.7 2.4 2.7 -1.6 0.9 0.2 -2.6 1.9
Mean Putamen Volume 2.0 2.3 5.5 -0.6 0.3 -2.3 -1.8 -0.4 -1.6 -1.8 0.7 -2.3
Fasting Glucose 1.1 1.4 4.1 -0.0 0.3 1.9 0.9 0.8 -1.0 -0.7 1.2 2.0
HbA1C 0.6 0.7 1.8 1.1 0.1 1.4 0.9 -1.3 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.5
HDL Cholesterol 1.1 1.9 3.9 -0.1 -0.8 1.7 2.0 1.5 -1.6 -1.1 0.3 1.7
LDL Cholesterol 1.1 1.7 7.8 -0.9 -2.8 -1.5 -1.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.1 -1.4
Lupus 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.2 -0.3
Neuroticism (2016) 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -1.5 -0.0 0.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.2 1.0 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.2 1.6 6.0 0.8 -0.3 1.6 1.7 0.5 0.6 -0.9 -0.9 2.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.4 3.0 9.9 -0.4 -1.7 0.3 -0.6 1.8 -3.0 -0.1 3.1 1.2
Triglycerides 0.8 1.2 3.2 1.2 0.3 -1.4 -1.1 -0.9 1.0 0.4 -1.2 -1.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.9 1.1 3.4 0.0 1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3 1.8 1.5 0.7 -0.9
Ulcerative Colitis 2.6 3.7 13.3 3.6 3.7 1.7 -0.1 -1.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.5 -0.6
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.3 6.8 -1.1 -0.8 -2.6 -1.9 0.8 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 -2.6
Blood Platelet Count 2.0 23.0 47.6 -5.0 -6.9 -6.0 -4.9 6.3 -3.1 0.9 4.6 -1.7
Blood Red Count 0.4 3.5 8.4 0.4 0.4 -2.9 -1.8 -0.6 2.3 2.2 -0.9 -2.9
Blood White Count 0.2 1.2 6.1 0.1 -1.1 -1.8 -0.1 2.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.6
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.8 6.3 1.2 0.1 -0.4 0.1 -2.1 1.8 0.2 -2.5 -1.1
BMI 0.2 0.9 3.3 1.8 1.1 1.1 0.8 -0.8 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.3
Height 0.2 3.2 10.7 -1.3 -1.7 -2.1 -1.5 -1.6 1.4 -3.3 -0.1 -1.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 0.9 4.2 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.2 -1.5 -2.0 0.7 0.7
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.6 3.0 5.9 -2.2 -1.6 -2.4 -2.4 -1.6 -0.2 0.8 -1.7 -1.4
Smoking Status 0.8 1.9 4.8 -0.6 -1.9 1.1 -0.6 0.9 -2.2 -2.0 1.1 1.1
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 5.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 2.4 0.9 -0.5 0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.9 2.9 10.2 -3.2 -2.3 -2.7 -1.0 0.0 -0.8 0.9 0.4 0.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.0 2.2 11.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -3.4 -0.1 -0.3 1.5 0.9 -2.1
Respiratory disease 0.4 0.9 3.0 1.3 0.7 -1.7 -0.8 0.4 0.2 -1.3 0.2 -0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.2 2.2 8.3 -1.3 0.9 1.3 2.9 -1.2 0.2 1.0 -1.3 1.9
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.5 4.7 -0.7 0.4 1.0 1.1 -1.2 1.1 2.2 -1.7 0.8
Lung FVC 0.7 3.6 14.0 0.0 1.8 3.7 1.9 -0.8 -1.5 1.0 1.1 2.5
Neuroticism 0.3 0.6 2.8 1.7 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 -1.4 -0.9 -0.2
Chronotype (morning person) 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.1 0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.6
Hair Pigment 0.2 4.3 11.0 -0.3 0.8 3.3 3.3 -0.9 1.4 -0.4 -2.3 2.8
Tanning 0.1 0.8 3.0 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -1.7 0.4 -0.2 -1.5
Hand grip strength (left) 0.7 1.8 7.7 -0.6 -2.0 -0.2 -0.4 1.7 -2.8 -0.0 0.9 -0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.3 0.5 2.3 0.6 -0.1 -1.5 0.6 0.4 -0.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 1.4 1.7 5.2 -1.7 0.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.9 1.3 -1.1 -2.3 0.9
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.9 4.1 -0.5 -1.2 0.7 -0.1 1.0 -0.4 2.0 -0.5 0.8
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 3.3 -0.6 -1.4 -0.5 1.1 1.3 0.5 -0.6 -1.4 1.8
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.0 4.0 0.4 -2.0 0.2 0.7 0.4 -2.0 0.6 0.1 0.5
Relative age of first facial hair 0.8 1.7 6.1 0.3 -0.4 0.1 -1.2 -2.5 -1.4 -0.2 -1.6 -1.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.5 1.8 1.4 0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.7 0.8 -0.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.7 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 1.2 -0.2 0.6 0.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.9 -0.6 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.6 6.2 -0.2 -0.7 -1.8 -2.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.5 -1.6
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.5 0.5 1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 0.3 -1.0 0.7 -0.8
Angina 0.7 0.9 3.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 1.7 1.9 0.1 -0.6 0.2 1.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.8 3.4 0.2 -1.4 0.1 0.6 0.6 -1.8 1.0 0.8 0.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.0 1.4 3.5 -1.2 -0.4 1.2 0.6 -0.1 -1.2 -1.9 0.8 1.8
Supplements: Zinc 2.2 2.4 7.5 -2.7 -2.7 -1.1 0.7 0.4 -1.8 -0.2 1.1 0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 1.0 1.2 5.1 2.3 1.4 -0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.1 -1.3 -0.4
Medication: Metformin 0.9 1.2 4.6 -0.2 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.0 0.4 0.3 -2.1 1.7
Diabetes (father) 2.6 3.2 7.2 1.0 2.4 2.7 -0.1 -2.4 2.3 0.1 -2.0 -0.5
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.8 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 -0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.8 1.3 5.9 -1.1 -2.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.8 -0.4 0.4 0.7 0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 2.1 8.4 -0.7 -0.7 -2.9 -1.0 2.2 0.9 -0.4 1.3 -1.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.9 0.1 -0.1 1.7 0.3 -1.5 -1.5 -0.2 0.1 0.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.4 0.9 -1.0 0.4 -0.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.9 2.5 6.6 -1.3 -2.5 0.8 0.8 1.5 -2.6 -1.3 1.1 1.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.6 0.1 1.2 0.5 -0.0 0.6 1.4 -1.2 -0.3
Current tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 3.9 -0.8 -2.0 1.2 0.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 1.0
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.8 0.9 3.9 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -2.0 -0.4 1.0 0.4 0.8 -1.2
Maternal smoking around birth 1.5 2.1 9.9 0.7 0.1 3.1 1.6 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 1.0 1.8
Fed-up feelings 1.0 1.9 3.6 1.0 0.2 1.1 1.9 0.9 1.2 1.6 -1.7 1.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.0 1.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.8
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.8 1.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -1.4 0.1 0.6 1.0 -0.4 -1.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 2.6 6.2 13.5 1.4 2.9 2.5 1.9 -3.7 3.0 0.9 -3.2 1.2
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.0 -0.0 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.8 1.7 7.0 0.8 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4 2.6 0.3 -2.0 -0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.0 1.1 7.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.5 1.3 2.7 0.0 -0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.3 3.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.5 -1.2 -0.6 1.9 -0.1 1.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.8 1.0 2.7 1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -1.7
High blood pressure 0.4 1.1 3.9 -1.2 -2.0 -1.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.5 1.0 3.8 0.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.4 2.0 1.9 0.3 0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.5 1.9 4.6 1.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.3 2.1 1.5 -2.0 -1.3
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.3 1.7 4.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.9 -2.0 0.4 1.6 -0.3 -0.3 -2.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.5 0.7 2.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 0.1 -1.6 -0.0 0.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 3.7 4.4 10.0 -1.0 -1.0 -2.6 -2.6 0.8 -2.3 0.4 2.9 -3.2
Medication: Atenolol 2.5 3.2 8.7 -2.5 -3.0 -2.2 -1.0 1.7 -1.2 -1.3 1.1 0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.0 1.7 4.9 -0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -2.2 -0.2 0.6 1.9 0.2 -2.2
Sitting height 0.7 4.8 12.5 -2.1 -2.5 -0.4 -2.3 0.9 -2.6 -2.6 3.5 -0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.3 1.6 6.6 -0.9 -2.6 0.4 1.0 1.4 -1.1 0.4 0.5 1.3
High blood pressure (mother) 1.2 1.7 4.4 -1.9 -1.8 -2.1 -0.6 1.5 -0.8 1.1 0.5 0.0
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.6 1.4 1.1 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.5 -0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7
Impedance of leg (left) 0.5 2.2 7.7 -0.9 -1.1 -2.8 -0.8 2.2 1.2 -0.8 1.2 -1.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.8 2.8 0.3 -0.0 1.7 0.2 -1.6 -1.4 -0.2 0.0 0.4
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.9 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 -1.1 0.5 0.0
Waist circumference 0.1 0.4 2.1 1.5 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.5 2.5 5.8 -0.8 -1.5 0.9 1.7 1.9 -1.5 -1.4 1.3 2.4
Past tobacco smoking 0.5 0.8 3.7 1.0 1.3 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 1.9 0.1 -0.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.6 1.0 3.3 -1.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 1.1 -0.2 -1.0 1.8 -0.3
Nervous feelings 1.3 2.4 6.4 -1.0 -1.9 0.0 -1.5 2.3 -0.3 -1.5 2.5 0.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 2.4 -0.9 -1.3 0.5 -0.5 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.7 0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.0 1.6 6.5 -0.1 -1.4 1.4 -0.0 0.4 -2.5 -0.8 1.3 1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.8 4.7 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 2.2 1.0 -0.3
Had menopause 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
Had other major operations 0.4 0.5 2.2 1.5 0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.4 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.6 4.5 -0.5 0.8 2.1 1.4 -1.8 -1.5 -0.1 0.1 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.7 2.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 1.6 0.7 -1.0 0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.5 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 3.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.8 1.8 -0.9 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.5 0.8 2.7 -1.6 0.8 1.0 -0.4 0.9 0.8 -0.9 0.5 0.3
Heart attack 1.0 1.2 7.8 -0.9 -0.4 -2.8 -0.4 0.3 1.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.8
Allergy 0.6 1.3 5.1 -0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.9 -2.3 -0.7 -1.0
Pain all over the body in last month 1.0 1.1 3.6 1.5 0.3 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.5 2.2 7.5 -0.4 0.9 1.7 2.7 -0.7 -0.3 1.6 -0.8 2.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.3 3.0 10.4 3.2 2.3 0.9 0.7 -1.2 2.1 0.2 -2.1 -0.0
Medication: Ramipril 1.2 1.5 6.2 -2.5 -1.9 -1.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.7 0.5
Medication: Simvastatin 0.9 1.3 4.8 -2.0 -1.3 -2.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.8 -0.4 -1.3 -1.0 1.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.2 -1.5 0.8 -1.1 -0.7 0.0
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.6 1.4 0.6 -1.0 0.8 -0.3 1.1 -0.8 -1.2 0.4 0.5
Weight 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.6 -0.4 1.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.6 0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.4 1.7 4.4 0.4 1.3 -1.5 -0.5 -0.5 2.1 -2.1 -1.1 -1.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.6 2.8 1.7 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.1 4.2 -0.5 -0.7 2.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.8 -0.5 0.9 0.6
Hip circumference 0.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.6 -1.1 0.4 1.2 -0.6
Time employed in main current job 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 -1.4 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.9 -0.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.9 -0.4 0.7 0.2
Father’s age at death 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.7 -0.9 -0.5 0.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.2 -1.1 -0.8 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.1
Falls in the last year 1.1 1.5 5.4 1.2 0.1 0.5 1.0 -0.8 0.1 -1.9 -2.3 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5
Number of live births 0.8 1.1 2.6 1.5 1.0 -0.2 -1.6 -0.7 0.6 1.4 0.8 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.2 3.5 -0.7 0.9 1.8 0.9 -1.9 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 1.0
Pulse rate 0.9 1.5 4.0 -0.0 -0.6 0.7 1.9 1.6 -0.6 -1.3 -0.0 2.0
Happiness 0.9 1.0 2.5 -1.0 -1.5 -1.6 0.0 -0.7 0.7 0.2 -1.4 -0.7
Noisy workplace 1.2 1.4 4.8 0.5 -0.0 1.4 1.6 0.1 -0.9 2.2 -0.6 1.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.4 1.0 3.3 -1.1 0.3 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -1.8 0.7 -1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.2 3.5 1.9 1.2 0.1 -1.6 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 0.2 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.8 2.2 0.7 -1.0 -1.1 0.5 0.9 -1.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.2
Asthma 0.5 1.0 3.3 1.4 1.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.2 2.7 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 1.6 1.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.8 1.0
Depression (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.1 -1.5 1.1
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 4.0 -0.6 -2.0 -0.5 -0.0 0.7 -0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.0
Prospective memory result 1.5 1.8 4.5 -1.9 -1.4 0.0 0.7 2.1 0.1 1.7 1.4 1.1
Lung cancer (father) 0.7 0.8 3.3 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.1 -1.8 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 0.4
Illnesses of mother 0.7 0.9 4.1 2.0 0.5 0.6 0.7 -1.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.9 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.2 0.7 2.5 -0.3 0.4 1.6 0.3 -1.4 -1.0 0.3 0.2 0.6
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.1 1.2 3.8 1.0 0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -2.0 1.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.6
Impedance of arm (left) 0.3 1.5 4.6 0.1 0.8 -2.1 -0.4 -0.2 1.8 -1.7 -1.0 -1.2
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.9 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.4 0.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.3 4.8 -0.6 -0.7 2.2 0.2 -0.6 -1.9 -0.5 0.9 0.7
Standing height 0.2 1.7 7.8 -1.1 -1.3 0.0 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 -2.8 0.7 -0.9
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.6 2.1 0.1 -0.3 1.5 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.0 1.1 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.8 0.8 2.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.7 0.1 1.6 -0.8 -0.1 1.4 1.0
Breastfed as a baby 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 0.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 2.0 3.3 12.3 -0.6 -1.7 -1.9 -3.5 1.2 0.9 -0.5 1.9 -2.2
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.2 -0.4 1.0 -0.4 0.8 0.9 1.5 -1.1 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.5 1.2 4.9 -0.6 -0.8 0.8 0.6 0.0 -0.9 -2.2 -1.2 1.2
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 2.8 1.3 0.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.5 1.0 1.7 -0.8 -1.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.5 2.3 -0.4 0.2 0.9 0.1 -1.5 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 0.5
Pulse wave reflection index 1.0 1.3 4.8 0.8 0.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.8 -0.3 1.1 -0.4 -2.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.5 0.5 2.2 0.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.5 0.6 0.8 -0.3 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.8 3.6 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -1.1 0.2 -0.7 -1.9 0.9 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.5 1.9 7.1 1.8 0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -2.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 -1.8
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.6 0.8 2.2 -0.9 0.3 0.8 0.4 -1.5 -0.6 1.4 0.8 0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 2.7 0.6 -0.0 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.1 1.7 -0.9 -0.1
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.8 5.9 -1.8 -1.3 -0.5 0.7 2.4 0.2 1.6 1.1 0.8
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.9 0.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 3.7 4.3 12.6 2.5 1.8 3.6 2.7 -1.4 1.2 -0.2 -2.2 1.2
Gout (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 3.5 -1.0 -1.9 -0.7 0.6 1.4 -1.3 1.6 1.6 0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.9 1.7 7.6 0.5 0.2 -0.5 -2.8 -0.4 0.5 1.7 0.0 -2.0
Medication: Amlodipine 2.7 3.7 8.2 -1.8 -2.1 -0.0 1.4 1.2 -2.5 -2.9 0.4 2.9
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.7 3.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.8 -0.3 0.1
Birth weight 0.7 1.5 2.9 0.3 0.9 1.0 1.3 -1.5 1.2 1.7 -1.7 -0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.4 0.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.4
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.6 0.8 3.7 0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.2 1.9 -0.7 1.4 0.8 -0.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.0 3.3 -0.6 -0.0 1.5 0.6 -1.3 -1.8 -0.5 0.4 0.6
Body fat percentage 0.1 0.4 1.9 1.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.6 3.3 1.8 0.3 -0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 2.5 -0.7 -1.1 1.5 -0.0 -0.5 -1.6 -0.2 1.3 0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.4 4.9 -0.9 -1.1 2.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.2 1.2 1.7
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 3.1 7.2 1.5 2.7 2.3 1.7 -1.2 0.9 2.1 -1.8 0.6
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 2.7 1.3 0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 0.3 0.6 -1.1 -1.6
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.6 -0.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 1.9 1.0 1.3 0.3 -0.9 0.2 1.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.4
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.2 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.7 0.0
Number of children fathered 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.1
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.2 1.4 4.3 -2.1 -1.4 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 1.0 -2.0 0.4 0.4
Age at first live birth 1.7 3.0 7.8 -2.8 -2.0 -0.2 -0.9 0.5 -1.4 -2.2 2.5 0.7
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.0 1.1 3.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.5 0.8 1.8 -1.2 -0.4 1.2 1.4
Health satisfaction 1.2 1.5 4.3 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.2 -1.2 0.7 1.2 -1.5 2.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.9 3.5 0.4 0.8 1.9 0.5 0.1 -1.1 0.4 1.0 0.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.4 1.2 3.5 -1.9 -1.8 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 -0.5 -1.0 0.5 -0.6
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.2 1.4 3.1 -1.6 0.4 -0.8 -1.8 1.3 -0.5 1.1 1.6 0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.9 1.0 2.4 -1.1 -1.6 -0.2 0.8 1.5 -0.8 0.4 -0.0 1.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 2.3 0.1 0.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -1.5 1.1 0.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.8 3.4 1.0 0.2 -1.1 -0.2 1.8 1.1 -0.3 0.3 0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 0.8 3.5 -1.9 -1.1 -0.7 1.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.7 0.0 0.5
Angina (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 3.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.1 1.9 1.9 0.0 -0.6 0.3 1.2
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.1 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.8 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 -1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.5 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8 0.5 0.3 -0.3 1.0 1.0 0.2
Medication: Omeprazole 1.6 1.9 4.9 1.3 0.6 -1.0 -1.5 -1.7 0.5 0.7 -1.8 -2.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.0 -1.7 1.1 -0.0 -0.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.7 1.3 6.3 0.4 0.6 -1.3 -0.9 -0.0 2.5 0.4 0.9 -1.2
Heart disease (mother) 1.3 1.6 4.4 -2.0 -0.9 -1.8 0.1 2.1 -0.1 1.3 0.8 0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.3 2.8 7.7 -2.5 -2.8 -1.0 1.3 2.0 -1.6 0.4 0.5 1.3
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.2 2.7 -0.9 -1.5 1.6 0.3 -0.2 -1.6 -0.2 1.4 0.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.8 2.6 8.2 0.7 1.0 1.7 2.9 0.3 1.2 0.3 -1.1 2.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.2 2.9 5.8 0.6 0.1 -2.4 -1.2 2.0 1.9 2.1 0.9 -2.3
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.8 4.7 -1.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.8 -0.3 -0.6 -2.2 1.0 -1.1
Number of full sisters 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.8 0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.0 1.5 7.1 -0.4 -1.9 -0.6 -0.9 2.7 -0.5 -0.4 1.1 0.0
Overall health rating 0.5 1.1 2.8 1.6 0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.2 1.0 1.2 -1.7 -1.0
Chest pain or discomfort 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.0 -0.5 0.7 0.6 1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.2 1.2
Had major operations 1.0 1.1 4.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.4 -0.4 0.0 1.6 -2.2 -0.3
Age at last live birth 1.0 1.5 6.6 -1.4 -1.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 -1.3 -0.3 2.6 0.6
Family relationship satisfaction 1.1 1.3 5.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 -1.8 0.8 0.2 -2.4 0.4
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 1.8 1.1 0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.4 1.0 0.2 -1.4 -0.9
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 1.0 -0.2 -1.6 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.7 0.8 1.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 1.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.1 1.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.6 0.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.6 1.8 5.5 -0.9 -1.4 -0.3 1.8 2.3 -1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.7 4.4 2.1 0.5 1.1 1.7 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -1.7 1.7
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.6 1.7 5.3 -1.6 -2.3 -1.7 -1.4 0.3 -1.1 -0.6 0.8 -0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 1.0 4.4 -0.1 -1.4 -0.6 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -2.1 0.5 -0.9
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.4 2.0 7.2 -1.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.4 0.6 -1.4 -1.2 2.7 -0.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.7 0.9 2.7 0.5 1.6 1.3 -0.8 -1.3 0.8 0.3 -0.4 0.2
Smoking status: Previous 0.3 0.5 2.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0 0.3 0.1 -1.6 0.4 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.8 1.6 6.2 -1.5 -0.6 -1.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.4 -2.5 0.9 -1.0
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.0 3.9 -0.3 -0.5 2.0 0.1 -1.1 -1.7 -0.4 0.6 0.5
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 0.9 3.6 0.0 -0.2 1.9 0.3 -1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.4 1.9 1.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.2
Average weekly red wine intake 1.8 2.7 8.9 -1.6 -0.4 -0.8 -3.0 0.1 0.2 -1.2 2.4 -2.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.4 1.7 3.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3 1.2 -1.9 1.5 2.0 -1.1
Mood swings 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.5 -0.7 1.1 0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.8 -1.1 0.8
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.8 2.3 -0.5 -1.0 -1.2 0.5 1.5 0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.7 1.0 2.0 1.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 1.4 -1.3 1.1 0.1 -1.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.5 1.2 1.1 0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -1.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.4 2.4 8.6 -0.3 0.8 1.6 2.9 -0.5 -0.0 1.4 -1.6 2.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.1 2.3 6.1 -1.7 -2.5 -0.6 -2.0 0.6 1.1 0.6 2.0 -1.1
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.3 5.2 0.6 1.4 -1.1 -0.6 -2.3 1.9 -1.2 -2.0 -1.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.9 3.0 16.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.5 -0.7 1.5 -1.9 -0.5 4.0 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.6 2.5 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.2 -1.2 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.0 0.3 1.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.3 0.5 4.0 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 2.0 0.4 -0.3
Medication for cholesterol 1.5 2.3 6.4 1.3 1.5 2.5 1.0 -2.4 1.3 0.2 -1.3 0.2
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 2.0 -1.4 -0.9 0.8 0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 1.0
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.3 4.0 1.9 -0.1 -1.1 0.5 0.1 2.0 0.7 -1.4 -0.2
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 1.2 0.2 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.2 -1.1 1.0 0.3 0.9
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.6 0.5 0.7 0.2 -0.2 -1.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.3 4.1 1.7 2.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3 1.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 4.7 -0.1 1.3 0.2 -0.1 -2.2 1.9 -0.5 -1.2 0.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.8 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.3 0.5 0.1
Medication: Gliclazide 1.4 1.6 4.9 -2.2 -1.7 -0.9 0.6 0.7 -0.3 2.0 0.1 0.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.6 2.0 4.6 2.1 2.2 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 1.5 1.2 -0.7 -1.8
Smoking status: Current 0.6 0.9 3.6 -0.8 -1.9 1.1 0.6 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.7 1.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.6 0.9 0.8 -1.1 0.7 0.5 1.0
Whole body water mass 0.2 1.1 3.9 -0.3 -0.6 2.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.8 -0.5 0.7 0.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 0.9 3.3 -0.0 -0.2 1.8 0.3 -1.6 -1.3 -0.3 -0.0 0.5
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.4 0.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 -0.6 0.5
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.0 1.4 4.6 -0.4 -1.6 -0.7 1.5 1.2 -2.1 -0.7 0.2 0.9
Miserableness 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.0 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.9
Guilty feelings 1.1 1.7 7.0 1.1 0.9 2.6 1.0 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 -0.4 1.8
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.8 0.9 4.9 -0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.4 0.0 2.2 -0.8 0.2 0.5
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.9 1.0 2.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.9 -1.2 1.4 0.5 -0.8 1.4 -1.2
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.5 1.2 -1.1 -0.9 0.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.9 0.3 0.8 0.3
Mother’s age at death 1.0 1.2 3.7 -1.5 -1.0 0.6 0.3 0.8 1.4 -1.9 -0.3 0.9
Financial situation satisfaction 0.7 0.8 4.1 0.3 0.8 0.6 -0.5 -1.3 0.1 0.5 -2.0 -0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.3 1.6 5.3 -1.3 -2.3 -2.2 -0.4 1.0 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.1 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 2.8 3.3 6.4 2.3 1.4 2.5 1.5 -2.1 1.7 -0.9 -2.3 0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 1.8 4.3 -1.2 -1.9 -2.1 -1.0 1.6 -1.4 -1.2 0.3 0.4
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.3 5.0 -0.2 -1.3 -1.3 0.1 2.2 0.1 1.3 1.2 0.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.4 1.8 4.3 -0.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.1 0.8 0.7 -1.4 0.0 -1.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.9 1.6 6.4 -1.1 -0.2 -2.5 -0.3 0.1 0.4 -2.1 0.4 -1.4
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.6 -1.2 -1.4 -0.0 0.4 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5 0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.9 1.3 4.2 2.0 0.9 0.2 1.9 -0.1 0.2 0.8 -1.6 -0.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 0.7
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 -1.6 -0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.3 1.7 4.2 0.8 -0.5 -1.7 -2.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 -1.6 -1.9
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.9 2.2 6.2 0.4 -1.1 -0.2 1.4 2.1 -2.5 2.3 0.4 0.9
Ever smoked 0.8 1.4 3.5 -1.9 -1.8 0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.0 -1.6 -0.4 1.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.8 3.2 -0.1 -0.5 1.8 0.2 -0.8 -1.6 -0.4 0.6 0.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 3.1 1.8 0.2 -0.0 0.6 1.0 0.0 0.5 -0.0 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.1 4.5 -0.2 -0.8 2.1 -0.0 -0.4 -1.6 -0.4 1.2 0.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 2.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.3 -1.6 0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.7 1.1 3.1 0.5 -0.7 -1.5 -1.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 1.3 -1.2
Irritability 0.5 0.9 4.1 2.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -1.6 0.2 -0.4
Risk taking 0.6 0.9 5.0 0.2 -1.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.6 -2.2 0.3 0.1 -0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.5 0.6 5.0 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 -2.2 0.1 0.5
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.1 3.0 -1.6 -1.4 0.1 1.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 1.7
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.8 1.0 4.6 -0.6 0.2 1.2 1.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.6 -0.0 2.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.6 7.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.3 -2.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -1.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 -0.9 -0.9 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.1 1.4 7.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.9 0.1 0.9 -0.7 2.7 0.8 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.9
Myopia 2.0 2.8 8.3 2.1 2.9 1.2 0.9 -0.9 2.5 1.4 -1.2 0.1
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.9 6.2 2.0 2.3 2.5 0.6 -1.0 0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.2 1.8 6.6 -0.1 0.6 -2.6 -1.7 0.9 1.1 0.0 -0.4 -2.0
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.0 1.2 3.2 0.7 0.4 -0.5 -1.3 -1.8 0.6 0.9 -1.2 -1.6
Pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.3 4.8 -2.2 -0.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 1.9 -0.3
Supplements: Calcium 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.0 0.3
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 2.8 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 1.7 1.5 -1.0 -0.8
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 5.9 -0.5 -0.2 -2.4 -0.3 0.2 1.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 1.5 -0.7 0.5 1.1 0.5 -1.2 -0.9 1.2 1.1 0.7
Heart disease (siblings) 1.0 1.2 4.1 -0.1 -1.4 -0.9 0.4 2.0 -0.8 1.2 1.2 0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.9 1.1 8.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 2.9 1.0 -0.4 -0.3
Pack years of smoking 0.8 1.2 5.5 -1.1 -2.3 -0.4 -0.5 1.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.2
Impedance of whole body 0.4 1.9 8.2 -0.6 -0.3 -2.9 -0.8 1.1 1.6 -1.5 0.2 -1.2
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.4 1.2 -0.2 0.6 0.9 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.1 0.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.7 -0.1 -0.9 1.9 -0.0 -0.4 -1.4 -0.5 1.2 0.6