Hub : Genes

KLRC4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 NTR Blood 0.0464 0.0149 1.3e-05 0.040 0.017 0.033 0.036 0.036 7.7e-13 2.3e-06 6.9e-11 7.3e-12 7.3e-12
2 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0373 0.0252 3.4e-03 0.013 0.013 0.012 NA 0.015 1.2e-02 1.0e-02 1.5e-02 NA 7.0e-03
3 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0454 0.0231 1.3e-04 0.043 0.037 0.035 NA 0.039 1.2e-05 4.5e-05 6.4e-05 NA 2.9e-05
4 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0887 0.0548 1.1e-04 0.046 0.030 0.017 NA 0.037 3.8e-06 1.9e-04 4.0e-03 NA 3.2e-05
5 TCGA Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0638 0.0537 6.7e-03 0.010 0.015 0.013 NA 0.010 2.6e-02 6.1e-03 1.2e-02 NA 2.4e-02
6 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.0630 0.0400 3.5e-04 0.046 0.059 0.058 NA 0.058 2.9e-04 4.4e-05 5.0e-05 NA 5.3e-05
7 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0710 0.0420 4.1e-05 0.021 0.049 0.041 NA 0.039 3.3e-03 1.6e-05 6.5e-05 NA 1.0e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.6 -0.1 -1.2 0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.1
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.4 1.0 1.8 -0.8 -1.1 0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.7 3.7 6.1 -2.5 -2.1 1.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -2.3
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.1 3.8 -1.9 -1.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.9 2.2 3.7 -1.9 -1.6 1.0 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.0 2.1 5.0 -0.6 -1.4 1.1 -2.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.8 1.0 1.7 0.8 0.9 -0.8 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.2 0.6 -0.8 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.4 3.5 5.2 0.9 1.6 -2.0 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.2 0.5 2.1 1.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.4 0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.4 1.9 1.0 0.0 -0.3 -1.4 0.2 -0.3 0.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.5 2.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -1.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.6
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.0
Breast Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.1
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.9 1.9 4.0 -0.1 0.9 -1.6 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.1
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.6 0.7 2.7 0.4 0.6 -0.2 1.6 0.4 0.6 1.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.2 0.4 1.4 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3
HbA1C 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.7 0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.0 0.0 0.5
LDL Cholesterol 1.0 1.5 3.2 -1.8 -1.6 0.6 -0.2 -1.6 -1.0 -0.9
Lupus 0.6 0.9 3.1 0.8 0.9 -0.8 0.3 1.8 0.9 0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.8 1.1 1.8 -1.1 -0.8 1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.2 1.8 2.8 -1.3 -1.7 0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.0 0.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.0 -0.5 0.2 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5
Triglycerides 0.6 0.9 2.0 0.0 -0.9 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.8 0.9 2.8 0.6 0.8 -1.1 0.8 1.7 0.6 0.4
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.8 2.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.4 -1.2 -0.5 -1.5 -0.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 1.4 11.0 13.0 -2.7 -3.3 3.2 -3.4 -3.6 -3.5 -3.4
Blood Platelet Count 1.9 21.5 45.0 -1.7 -3.8 6.7 -4.0 -6.0 -4.6 -4.0
Blood Red Count 3.2 30.9 56.7 1.8 4.5 -7.5 5.7 6.8 5.3 5.5
Blood White Count 0.5 3.8 6.5 -0.9 -1.6 2.2 -2.4 -2.5 -1.6 -1.8
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.7 3.1 1.8 1.2 -1.1 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.8
BMI 0.0 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.1
Height 0.1 1.0 2.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 0.8 1.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.8
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.3 1.6 3.5 0.3 0.9 -1.9 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.3
Smoking Status 0.1 0.3 1.4 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.6
Allergy or Eczema 0.7 1.8 4.2 0.3 -0.5 2.0 -1.2 -0.9 -2.0 -1.3
Cardiovascular Disease 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.0 -0.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.2 0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.1
Respiratory disease 1.3 3.0 3.9 -2.0 -1.9 1.7 -1.1 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.0 1.9 4.5 -0.8 -1.0 2.1 -0.1 -1.9 -1.0 -1.5
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.7 2.0 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.4 -0.8 0.8 1.0
Lung FVC 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3
Neuroticism 0.4 1.0 2.4 -1.3 -1.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.0 -0.8 -1.6
Chronotype (morning person) 0.2 0.4 1.6 1.3 0.6 0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.4
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.8 2.3 0.5 0.1 1.3 -1.5 -1.2 -0.0 -0.2
Tanning 0.2 2.3 4.6 -0.2 -1.2 1.7 -2.1 -1.9 -1.3 -1.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.3 0.8 1.9 -0.3 -0.7 0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.5
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.2 0.3 1.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 1.6 -0.7 -0.8 1.1 -0.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.8
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.4 2.2 4.2 -0.3 1.1 -2.1 2.0 1.2 1.8 1.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.8 1.8 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.5 1.9 4.9 0.4 1.5 -0.9 1.2 1.3 2.2 1.4
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.4 1.5 -1.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.7
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.8 2.2 -0.3 0.4 -1.2 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 1.3 -1.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 -0.3
Angina 0.8 1.0 3.1 0.8 1.0 -0.6 1.7 0.4 0.8 1.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.8 1.1 2.6 1.1 1.0 -0.3 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.9
Supplements: Zinc 2.5 2.7 4.4 -0.9 -1.3 2.1 -1.9 -2.0 -1.7 -1.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.8 0.9 4.0 1.0 0.4 2.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.2 0.1
Medication: Metformin 1.0 1.4 3.5 -0.7 -0.9 1.9 -0.7 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4
Diabetes (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.8 0.9 2.7 0.0 0.8 -1.2 0.8 1.7 0.8 0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.8
Impedance of leg (right) 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.5
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.8 1.4 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8
Trunk fat percentage 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.3 0.9 0.6 -0.4 0.7 0.4
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.9 1.6 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.1 1.5 3.7 -0.9 -1.3 1.8 -0.1 -1.9 -0.5 -1.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.4 0.5 2.3 1.5 0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.7 3.4 -1.8 -1.4 0.8 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.7
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 1.3 2.0 3.6 -1.9 -1.8 -1.5 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4
Taking other prescription medications 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.2
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 -0.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 3.3 3.8 5.4 1.3 2.2 -1.6 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 2.7 2.9 5.5 -1.6 -2.1 0.7 -1.1 -1.8 -2.4 -1.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.1 1.4 3.6 -0.9 -1.1 0.9 -1.3 -1.9 -1.0 -0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.7
High blood pressure 0.3 0.8 2.0 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.6 3.1 -0.5 -1.0 1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -1.7 -1.6
Multivitamins +/- minerals 3.1 3.9 5.1 -2.2 -2.1 1.6 -2.0 -2.3 -1.5 -1.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.7 0.9 1.9 -1.2 -0.8 -1.4 -0.9 0.9 0.0 -0.8
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.3 0.3 2.1 0.1 -0.1 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 1.3 0.5 1.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.3 -0.0 -1.2 0.4 1.2 0.3 -0.0
Sitting height 0.7 5.0 7.9 -1.5 -2.4 1.8 -2.2 -2.2 -2.8 -2.5
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 0.6 0.8 2.5 1.6 1.0 1.2 0.4 -0.0 0.3 0.6
Body mass index (BMI) 0.2 1.0 3.0 -0.3 0.7 -0.2 1.7 0.6 1.3 1.0
Impedance of leg (left) 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.7 1.3 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.0 1.0 0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.2
Waist circumference 0.4 1.4 3.4 -0.4 0.9 -0.5 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.4 2.3 3.0 1.1 1.4 -1.3 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 1.6 1.3 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.9 -0.0 -1.3 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.7
Nervous feelings 0.3 0.6 1.9 -1.4 -0.7 -0.9 0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.8
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 2.2 0.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.8 1.3 2.6 0.5 1.3 -1.6 0.6 1.4 1.3 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.0
Had menopause 0.4 0.6 1.9 -1.4 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5
Had other major operations 1.9 2.3 4.3 0.8 1.4 -1.4 2.1 1.5 1.6 1.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.5 1.8 2.8 -0.8 -1.3 1.3 -1.1 -1.7 -1.6 -1.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.9
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.5 1.8 -0.3 0.7 -0.4 1.3 0.4 0.6 0.8
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.3 0.5 2.1 -0.3 -0.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.3 -0.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.1
Heart attack 2.2 2.8 4.6 1.4 1.8 -1.1 2.1 0.7 2.1 1.9
Allergy 0.9 2.0 3.2 0.7 1.1 -1.8 1.4 1.2 1.8 1.6
Pain all over the body in last month 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 -1.0 -0.0 0.7
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.0 1.6 4.7 -0.3 -0.6 2.2 -0.5 -1.8 -1.0 -1.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6
Medication: Ramipril 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.9 0.4 1.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 0.2
Medication: Simvastatin 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.7 1.0 3.2 0.4 -0.5 1.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9
Neuroticism score 1.1 2.2 4.4 -1.9 -1.6 0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -1.3 -2.1
Weight 0.0 0.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.0
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 2.7 0.3 1.1 0.3 1.6 0.6 1.5 1.2
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.2 3.3 -1.8 -1.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1
Hip circumference 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.0 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.6
Time employed in main current job 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.7
Father’s age at death 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.9 -0.0 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.9
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.1 -0.4 0.5 -1.3 -0.0 -0.6 -0.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.5 2.9 -1.5 -1.7 0.4 -0.8 -0.9 -1.3 -1.5
Falls in the last year 1.7 2.3 7.2 -0.0 1.1 -1.8 2.7 0.9 1.4 1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.9 2.9 3.6 -1.4 -1.7 1.8 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.9
Number of live births 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.2 0.6 1.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 0.1 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6
Pulse rate 2.1 3.6 5.4 1.2 1.8 -1.6 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.2
Happiness 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.0 -0.9 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 -1.5 -1.2
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.3 -1.0 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.5 1.1 2.9 -1.7 -1.4 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.3 1.6 -0.3 0.2 0.7 1.3 0.4 0.3 0.1
Asthma 1.2 2.4 4.0 -2.0 -1.9 0.7 -1.3 -1.3 -1.6 -1.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.9 -0.1 -1.3 0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.6 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.6 -0.8 -0.6 1.6 -0.5 -1.3 -0.5 -0.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Prospective memory result 1.2 1.5 2.9 -0.1 0.6 -1.7 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.5
Lung cancer (father) 0.9 1.0 2.1 -0.4 0.6 -1.4 1.0 1.2 1.5 0.6
Illnesses of mother 3.6 4.4 6.6 -2.5 -2.6 1.1 -1.9 -2.3 -1.7 -2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.4 1.2 1.9 -1.2 -1.4 0.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.9 1.0 2.4 1.6 1.1 -0.9 0.3 0.6 0.5 1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2
Arm fat mass (right) 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.4 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.8 0.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.2 3.2 -1.8 -1.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1
Standing height 0.3 3.0 4.8 -1.2 -1.8 1.3 -2.0 -1.6 -2.2 -1.9
Length of working week for main job 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.2 1.3 3.3 1.2 1.1 -0.3 0.7 0.5 1.8 1.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 1.0 2.6 -0.5 0.4 -1.3 1.2 1.6 0.9 0.3
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.4 2.2 3.7 -0.7 -1.1 1.9 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.1 2.8 4.2 1.4 1.9 -2.0 0.5 1.8 1.9 1.6
Birth weight of first child 1.1 1.9 3.5 1.9 1.5 -1.3 1.4 1.3 0.9 1.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 2.6 3.2 5.9 -1.0 -1.9 0.5 -2.1 -2.1 -2.4 -1.7
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.5 -0.3 0.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.7
Loud music exposure frequency 4.9 5.3 7.7 1.7 1.8 -2.3 2.8 2.7 2.1 2.4
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.8 -0.2 -1.2 0.9 -0.3 0.6 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.6 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.4 -1.1 -0.2 -0.7 -1.1
Headache pain in last month 0.3 0.5 1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.6 1.1 3.0 -1.7 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 -1.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0
Gout (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 4.7 0.7 0.3 2.2 0.2 -1.3 0.0 0.6
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.7 1.4 3.8 -0.8 0.2 -2.0 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.7
Medication: Amlodipine 0.9 1.2 2.8 1.7 1.5 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.9 1.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.6 -0.3 0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9
Birth weight 2.7 5.8 10.6 3.2 3.0 -1.0 2.5 2.3 1.7 2.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.5 -0.9 0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.9 3.0 -1.4 -1.7 0.8 -0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -1.6
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.6 1.7 0.0 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.4 1.3 0.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.8 3.0 6.4 0.3 1.6 -1.0 2.0 1.7 2.5 1.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.3 3.6 -1.9 -1.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 1.4 3.9 9.6 -1.0 -1.6 3.1 -1.1 -2.0 -2.2 -1.9
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.6 2.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.7 1.2 4.6 -2.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.3
Number of children fathered 2.2 2.5 4.7 0.5 1.7 -2.2 0.8 1.9 1.6 1.4
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 0.1
Age at first live birth 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.4 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.3 0.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.2 -0.8 0.9 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -1.2
Health satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 0.8 1.7 -1.1 -1.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.6 1.9 3.3 -1.1 -1.5 1.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.6 -1.8
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.7 0.8 1.2 -0.3 -0.8 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.5 0.8 2.6 0.4 -0.5 1.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.3 -1.1 -0.1 1.0 0.3 -0.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.2 2.5 1.6 1.3 0.8 0.9 -0.4 1.0 1.2
Angina (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.8 0.9 -0.3 1.6 0.2 0.6 1.0
Migraine (self-reported) 1.4 1.7 2.4 1.3 1.1 -1.3 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.5 0.3 -1.1 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.0
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.6 2.7 0.1 -0.1 1.6 0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.2
Medication: Omeprazole 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.8 -0.8 0.0 0.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.6 -0.6 1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.8 0.3
Heart disease (mother) 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.4
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.3
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.2 0.8 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.3 2.9 0.2 1.1 0.0 1.7 0.9 1.7 1.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 1.9 4.6 -2.1 -1.7 1.1 -0.6 -1.2 -1.2 -1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.9 3.0 4.6 1.0 1.8 -1.2 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 -0.1 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.7 1.9 -0.3 -0.5 1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4
Number of full sisters 0.6 0.8 1.8 0.5 1.1 -0.2 1.3 0.7 0.8 0.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.0 0.6 -1.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.8
Overall health rating 0.4 0.9 1.5 -1.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.2
Chest pain or discomfort 0.7 1.0 1.9 -0.2 -0.8 1.4 -1.2 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.9 -0.5 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8
Age at last live birth 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 0.9 3.4 1.8 1.1 -0.3 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.7
Leg pain on walking 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.7 0.9 2.2 1.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.8 0.8 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.9 1.0 2.3 -1.5 -1.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.5 1.8 4.5 0.0 0.9 -2.1 1.1 2.0 1.1 1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.4 0.4 -1.1 -1.2 0.1 0.8 0.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.2 -0.0
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.7 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.7 -0.4 0.5 0.7
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.5 3.5 6.5 -1.5 -2.0 2.3 -1.2 -2.6 -1.7 -1.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.2 0.7 -0.8 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.9
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.0 2.1 -1.4 -1.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.4 2.4 -1.0 -1.3 1.5 -0.5 -1.4 -1.2 -1.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.8 1.9 0.3 0.9 0.3 1.4 0.4 1.3 1.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.2 0.0 -1.0 0.6 1.1 -0.0 -0.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.6 0.6
Mood swings 1.5 2.7 6.4 -2.5 -1.7 1.9 -0.4 -1.2 -0.6 -1.9
Loneliness, isolation 1.5 2.0 4.1 -1.9 -1.5 0.6 -1.3 -0.7 -1.4 -2.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 1.0 1.0
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.7 3.1 0.3 -0.1 1.8 0.2 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.0 0.3 1.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.7 1.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 1.1 0.1 -0.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.1 1.7 2.7 1.6 1.6 -0.3 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.0 -0.5 1.2 -0.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.4 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5
Medication for cholesterol 0.4 0.6 1.5 1.1 0.8 -0.4 0.2 1.2 0.5 0.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.2
Back pain experienced in last month 1.5 2.2 5.1 -2.2 -2.0 0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -1.6 -1.7
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 0.2 -1.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.2
Asthma (self-reported) 1.2 2.5 4.3 -2.1 -2.0 0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.5 -1.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 2.4 -1.5 -1.4 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -1.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.1 0.6 0.3 1.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.4 1.7 2.8 0.9 1.3 -1.6 0.2 1.7 1.6 1.2
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.3 -0.5 1.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.3
Whole body water mass 0.1 0.8 2.0 -1.4 -1.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.5 2.5 -1.0 -1.3 1.6 -0.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.1 0.8 0.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.5 1.3 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.9
Miserableness 0.7 1.2 2.1 -0.7 -1.0 1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1
Guilty feelings 3.3 4.9 9.7 -1.8 -2.2 1.4 -2.5 -1.5 -2.5 -3.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.0 1.2 2.0 1.0 1.3 -0.6 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 2.9 -0.3 -0.5 1.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.6 1.3 -0.4 -0.5
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 2.4 1.6 1.2 -0.6 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.8
Financial situation satisfaction 2.4 3.0 4.4 0.0 -1.2 2.0 -2.0 -1.8 -2.1 -1.9
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.3
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.8 0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.7 2.9 -1.7 -0.8 0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 3.2 4.8 9.5 0.2 -1.6 2.4 -3.1 -1.7 -2.8 -2.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7 0.4 -0.3 -0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -1.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.8 1.0 1.7 -1.3 -0.9 1.0 -0.3 -1.2 -0.8 -1.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.1
Ever smoked 0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.1 -0.7 0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -0.3 -1.0
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.8 1.8 -1.3 -1.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.8 4.2 -0.1 1.2 -0.5 1.6 1.2 2.1 1.5
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 3.4 -1.8 -1.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.6 0.9 1.4 0.5 1.0 -0.8 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.9
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.4 -0.4 0.8 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9
Irritability 0.7 1.2 2.7 -1.2 -1.0 0.7 -1.2 -0.2 -1.0 -1.7
Risk taking 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.4 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.1 0.1 0.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 1.2 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.2 -0.3
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.5 3.8 0.1 1.0 -1.3 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.4 3.1 6.5 -0.4 0.9 -2.1 2.5 2.0 1.9 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.4 0.5 1.7 1.3 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.4
Myopia 0.7 1.0 3.5 1.9 0.9 1.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.5 1.3 3.0 -1.7 -1.6 -0.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.1 5.5 -2.3 -0.6 -1.3 0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.0 0.7 0.3 -1.0 -0.1 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.4 0.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1
Supplements: Calcium 2.3 2.5 3.8 -1.9 -1.7 1.3 -1.7 -1.4 -1.4 -1.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.7 -1.0 -0.9 1.0 -0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.6
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.5 3.3 5.2 1.6 2.0 -1.1 2.2 0.9 2.3 2.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.7 1.6 1.0 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 2.4 3.0 4.5 1.2 2.0 -1.5 1.8 1.3 2.1 2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.3 -0.4 1.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7
Pack years of smoking 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.5
Impedance of whole body 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Leg fat mass (left) 0.2 0.9 2.3 0.0 0.8 0.4 1.5 0.5 1.4 1.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.5 2.3 -1.5 -0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7