| # | panel | tissue | h2 | h2 se | h2 P | eQTL R2 | BLUP R2 | ENET R2 | BSLMM R2 | LASSO R2 | eQTL P | BLUP P | ENET P | BSLMM P | LASSO P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GTEx | Artery Aorta | 0.1410 | 0.0500 | 8.6e-05 | 0.012 | NA | 0.038 | NA | 0.044 | 7.0e-02 | NA | 3.5e-03 | NA | 1.8e-03 |
| 2 | GTEx | Artery Tibial | 0.0544 | 0.0271 | 6.0e-03 | 0.062 | NA | 0.039 | NA | 0.049 | 1.3e-05 | NA | 5.2e-04 | NA | 1.0e-04 |
| 3 | GTEx | Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes | 0.1200 | 0.0550 | 2.5e-03 | 0.076 | NA | 0.019 | NA | 0.050 | 1.8e-03 | NA | 7.9e-02 | NA | 1.0e-02 |
| 4 | GTEx | Esophagus Mucosa | 0.1560 | 0.0700 | 1.6e-06 | 0.106 | NA | 0.117 | NA | 0.112 | 1.5e-07 | NA | 3.4e-08 | NA | 6.3e-08 |
| 5 | GTEx | Liver | 0.1250 | 0.0680 | 7.1e-03 | 0.085 | NA | 0.087 | NA | 0.095 | 2.3e-03 | NA | 2.1e-03 | NA | 1.3e-03 |
| 6 | GTEx | Pituitary | 0.1890 | 0.0760 | 2.2e-04 | 0.146 | NA | 0.191 | NA | 0.171 | 1.7e-04 | NA | 1.6e-05 | NA | 4.5e-05 |
| 7 | GTEx | Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic | 0.0790 | 0.0400 | 5.9e-03 | 0.000 | NA | 0.016 | NA | 0.022 | 3.1e-01 | NA | 4.2e-02 | NA | 2.2e-02 |
| 8 | GTEx | Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg | 0.0810 | 0.0310 | 1.7e-04 | 0.028 | NA | 0.056 | NA | 0.047 | 2.2e-03 | NA | 2.1e-05 | NA | 9.2e-05 |
| 9 | TCGA | Thyroid Carcinoma | 0.0450 | 0.0260 | 4.7e-04 | 0.035 | 0.034 | 0.036 | NA | 0.033 | 2.5e-04 | 0.00028 | 1.8e-04 | NA | 3.1e-04 |
| Trait | Avg chi2 ratio | Avg chi2 | Max chi2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|
Trait | Avg chi2 ratio | Avg chi2 | Max chi2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) | 10.1 | 23.8 | 51.2 | 5.9 | 2.5 | -3.6 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 7.2 |
| Mood swings | 10.0 | 18.1 | 38.9 | 5.7 | 2.5 | -3.4 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 6.2 |
| Worry (Nagel 2018) | 8.8 | 18.6 | 39.7 | 5.7 | 2.4 | -3.1 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 6.3 |
| Tense / ‘highly strung’ | 7.5 | 12.4 | 29.6 | 3.3 | 1.0 | -2.0 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 5.4 |
| Neuroticism score | 7.4 | 15.3 | 33.1 | 4.2 | 1.2 | -2.2 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 5.8 |
| Irritability | 7.4 | 12.5 | 23.4 | 3.8 | 1.1 | -2.2 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 4.8 |
| Neuroticism | 7.2 | 17.4 | 37.7 | 4.3 | 1.6 | -2.6 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 6.1 |
| Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) | 7.1 | 16.1 | 38.8 | 5.5 | 6.2 | -6.2 | 0.3 | -1.9 | 1.4 | 0.1 | -1.7 | 5.4 |
| Neuroticism (2016) | 6.5 | 9.4 | 18.0 | 3.9 | 1.6 | -2.2 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 4.2 |
| Worrier / anxious feelings | 6.3 | 11.8 | 22.3 | 4.2 | 1.4 | -2.1 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 4.7 |
| Current tobacco smoking | 5.6 | 9.2 | 18.9 | -2.0 | -0.4 | 1.5 | -4.3 | -3.9 | -2.8 | -3.7 | -2.1 | -4.1 |
| Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks | 5.6 | 9.1 | 20.1 | 2.4 | 0.7 | -1.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 4.5 |
| Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) | 5.4 | 6.4 | 13.3 | 3.4 | 2.5 | -3.1 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 3.6 |
| Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) | 5.3 | 12.2 | 28.4 | 5.0 | 5.3 | -5.3 | 0.2 | -1.9 | 1.0 | 0.0 | -1.0 | 4.8 |
| Number of full sisters | 5.3 | 6.5 | 12.5 | -1.0 | 0.9 | 0.1 | -2.9 | -3.5 | -3.0 | -3.3 | -2.7 | -2.8 |
| Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia | 5.2 | 12.8 | 38.1 | 6.2 | 3.0 | -3.1 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 1.5 | 5.0 |
| Heel T-Score | 5.2 | 41.7 | 106.1 | 7.5 | 10.3 | -10.2 | -0.3 | -5.2 | -0.1 | -2.2 | -5.7 | 6.7 |
| Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression | 5.2 | 6.7 | 17.1 | 3.0 | 1.7 | -2.3 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 4.1 |
| Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) | 5.1 | 12.3 | 22.2 | -0.9 | 2.2 | -1.5 | -4.5 | -4.7 | -4.5 | -3.9 | -4.2 | -2.6 |
| Lung FEV1/FVC ratio | 5.1 | 26.0 | 52.7 | -0.8 | -5.4 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 1.3 |
| Allergy or Eczema | 5.0 | 13.1 | 30.3 | 5.0 | 3.4 | -4.3 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 5.5 |
| Nervous feelings | 5.0 | 9.3 | 26.0 | 5.1 | 3.3 | -3.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 4.7 |
| Smoking status: Current | 5.0 | 8.0 | 18.4 | -1.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -4.3 | -4.0 | -2.6 | -3.3 | -2.2 | -3.6 |
| Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) | 4.9 | 15.0 | 30.5 | -2.2 | 1.6 | -1.0 | -5.5 | -4.8 | -5.4 | -4.0 | -4.1 | -3.2 |
| Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma | 4.8 | 5.6 | 15.0 | 3.2 | 3.9 | -3.8 | 0.1 | -1.5 | -0.3 | -0.9 | -1.1 | 2.7 |
| Eye problems/disorders: Cataract | 4.6 | 5.3 | 9.3 | -0.5 | -2.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 0.8 |
| Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home | 4.5 | 5.9 | 10.7 | 0.8 | 2.3 | -1.8 | -3.3 | -2.9 | -3.1 | -3.0 | -2.4 | -0.7 |
| Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) | 4.4 | 9.2 | 18.6 | 2.5 | 0.7 | -1.7 | 4.0 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 4.3 |
| Commuting to job workplace: Public transport | 4.4 | 5.2 | 11.6 | 0.8 | 1.5 | -0.9 | -3.4 | -3.4 | -3.0 | -2.3 | -1.8 | -1.7 |
| Smoking Status | 4.2 | 10.0 | 22.0 | -1.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | -4.7 | -4.5 | -3.4 | -4.0 | -2.5 | -3.1 |
| Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler | 4.2 | 5.4 | 14.0 | 2.5 | 3.1 | -3.7 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.0 | -1.2 | 3.2 |
| Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses | 4.2 | 7.2 | 14.8 | 1.7 | -0.1 | -0.9 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 3.8 |
| Schizophrenia (2018) | 4.1 | 8.5 | 24.4 | 4.9 | 2.4 | -2.6 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 4.3 |
| Schizophrenia (2014) | 4.0 | 8.7 | 26.4 | 5.1 | 2.0 | -2.4 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 1.1 | 4.0 |
| Allergy | 3.9 | 8.9 | 22.2 | -3.5 | -3.2 | 4.3 | -3.0 | -1.3 | -2.0 | -1.4 | 0.7 | -4.7 |
| Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years | 3.8 | 4.4 | 11.4 | -1.0 | 1.4 | -0.6 | -2.0 | -2.1 | -3.0 | -2.3 | -3.4 | -1.2 |
| Blood Eosinophil Count | 3.7 | 28.5 | 68.4 | 7.2 | 6.7 | -8.3 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 2.2 | -1.7 | 7.6 |
| Taking other prescription medications | 3.6 | 5.5 | 14.4 | 3.5 | 2.1 | -2.5 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 3.8 |
| Eye problems/disorders: None of the above | 3.6 | 4.2 | 8.3 | 0.1 | 2.0 | -1.6 | -1.4 | -2.4 | -2.5 | -2.9 | -2.8 | -1.0 |
| Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) | 3.5 | 6.6 | 13.1 | -0.7 | -2.7 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 1.2 |
| Number of incorrect matches in round | 3.5 | 5.9 | 12.0 | 2.6 | -0.4 | 0.2 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 2.2 |
| Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) | 3.4 | 5.0 | 12.7 | 3.6 | 2.0 | -2.4 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 2.9 |
| Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures | 3.3 | 5.5 | 9.2 | -1.6 | 1.1 | -0.8 | -3.0 | -2.6 | -2.9 | -3.0 | -3.0 | -1.8 |
| Glaucoma (self-reported) | 3.3 | 3.9 | 9.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | -3.0 | 0.8 | -0.4 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.4 | 2.7 |
| Medication: Omeprazole | 3.3 | 3.9 | 9.7 | 2.3 | 3.1 | -3.1 | -0.9 | -1.4 | -0.8 | -0.5 | -1.9 | 1.9 |
| Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn | 3.2 | 5.5 | 13.4 | -3.2 | -2.2 | 2.8 | -1.2 | -1.2 | -1.7 | -2.8 | -0.4 | -3.7 |
| Guilty feelings | 3.2 | 4.9 | 10.1 | 2.6 | 0.9 | -1.5 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.2 |
| Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) | 3.2 | 4.0 | 10.2 | 2.5 | 3.0 | -3.2 | 0.1 | -0.7 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -1.4 | 2.8 |
| Trunk fat percentage | 3.1 | 12.4 | 28.2 | 1.5 | -0.3 | -1.1 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 4.4 |
| Wears glasses or contact lenses | 3.1 | 3.6 | 6.7 | 1.2 | -0.0 | -0.2 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
| Myopia | 3.1 | 4.4 | 9.1 | -0.4 | 1.5 | -1.1 | -3.0 | -3.0 | -2.8 | -1.6 | -2.4 | -1.5 |
| Bipolar Disorder (2018) | 3.0 | 4.7 | 13.8 | 3.7 | 1.8 | -1.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 2.5 |
| Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week | 3.0 | 3.7 | 8.9 | 0.1 | -1.4 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 1.7 |
| Asthma | 3.0 | 5.9 | 15.8 | 2.1 | 3.1 | -4.0 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 1.6 | -0.2 | -1.2 | 3.7 |
| Suffer from ‘nerves’ | 3.0 | 4.8 | 10.4 | 2.8 | 1.3 | -1.3 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 3.2 |
| Average weekly beer plus cider intake | 3.0 | 4.3 | 8.3 | -2.3 | -0.5 | 0.9 | -1.9 | -1.9 | -2.6 | -2.8 | -1.7 | -2.9 |
| Hypothyroidism (self reported) | 2.9 | 6.6 | 13.1 | -0.7 | 0.8 | 0.0 | -3.4 | -3.0 | -3.6 | -2.5 | -3.0 | -3.0 |
| Maternal smoking around birth | 2.9 | 4.2 | 10.0 | -1.5 | 0.2 | 0.7 | -3.2 | -2.0 | -2.5 | -2.6 | -1.7 | -2.4 |
| Age when periods started (menarche) | 2.9 | 6.9 | 17.4 | 3.8 | 4.2 | -3.6 | -1.6 | -2.3 | -1.9 | 0.5 | -2.1 | 1.2 |
| Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema | 2.9 | 6.4 | 13.8 | 3.6 | 2.3 | -3.1 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 3.7 |
| Comparative body size at age 10 | 2.9 | 8.0 | 22.8 | -1.4 | -4.3 | 4.8 | -0.1 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 3.6 | -3.7 |
| Medication: Ibuprofen | 2.9 | 3.4 | 8.1 | 1.6 | 2.7 | -2.9 | -1.3 | -1.4 | -1.3 | -0.3 | -2.2 | 1.6 |
| Alcohol intake frequency. | 2.9 | 6.7 | 14.1 | 1.5 | -0.0 | -1.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 3.8 |
| Arm fat percentage (left) | 2.9 | 11.5 | 25.4 | 0.1 | -1.7 | 0.4 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) | 2.8 | 3.9 | 7.4 | 1.3 | -0.5 | -0.1 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
| Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease | 2.8 | 3.1 | 8.4 | 1.3 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 1.1 |
| Trunk fat mass | 2.8 | 12.2 | 25.5 | 1.3 | -1.0 | -0.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
| Migraine (self-reported) | 2.8 | 3.5 | 8.5 | 0.2 | -1.0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
| Diabetes diagnosed by doctor | 2.8 | 4.5 | 9.0 | 0.3 | -1.9 | 1.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 1.0 |
| Arm fat mass (left) | 2.8 | 11.4 | 24.2 | 0.1 | -2.2 | 1.1 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 2.7 |
| Arm fat mass (right) | 2.7 | 11.0 | 23.3 | 0.2 | -2.1 | 0.9 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 2.7 |
| Body fat percentage | 2.7 | 10.6 | 22.3 | 1.1 | -0.8 | -0.5 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.8 |
| Number of treatments/medications taken | 2.6 | 4.7 | 12.5 | 2.3 | 1.0 | -1.7 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 3.5 |
| Sensitivity / hurt feelings | 2.6 | 4.4 | 8.2 | 2.1 | 0.4 | -0.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 2.9 |
| Fluid intelligence score | 2.6 | 5.4 | 11.0 | -0.6 | 1.4 | -0.9 | -3.3 | -3.1 | -3.3 | -2.3 | -2.5 | -1.4 |
| Happiness | 2.6 | 3.1 | 6.4 | 2.0 | 0.3 | -0.7 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 2.5 |
| Depression (self-reported) | 2.6 | 3.1 | 9.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 | -2.1 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 3.0 |
| Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth | 2.6 | 3.0 | 6.3 | -1.7 | -1.1 | 1.7 | -2.5 | -1.3 | -2.2 | -1.3 | -0.4 | -2.4 |
| Whole body fat mass | 2.6 | 10.7 | 21.1 | 1.0 | -1.4 | 0.2 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.1 |
| Asthma (self-reported) | 2.6 | 5.2 | 12.8 | 1.9 | 2.7 | -3.6 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 1.9 | -0.0 | -1.0 | 3.5 |
| Respiratory disease | 2.5 | 5.5 | 14.0 | 1.0 | 2.4 | -3.5 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 2.0 | -0.5 | -1.4 | 3.7 |
| Chronotype (morning person) | 2.5 | 5.7 | 13.1 | -0.6 | -2.2 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.1 |
| Fed-up feelings | 2.5 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 1.5 | 0.3 | -1.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 3.1 |
| Arm fat percentage (right) | 2.5 | 10.0 | 21.7 | 0.2 | -1.5 | 0.3 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
| Hip circumference | 2.5 | 10.8 | 19.0 | 1.6 | -1.6 | 0.8 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 2.5 |
| Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression | 2.4 | 3.7 | 8.9 | 2.7 | 1.4 | -1.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 3.0 |
| Loud music exposure frequency | 2.4 | 2.6 | 4.7 | 0.6 | 1.8 | -1.9 | -1.6 | -2.2 | -1.9 | -1.3 | -1.9 | -0.0 |
| Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers | 2.4 | 3.8 | 10.6 | 3.3 | 2.8 | -2.9 | -0.8 | -0.9 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 2.4 |
| Impedance of arm (left) | 2.3 | 10.7 | 27.5 | 2.3 | 4.2 | -5.2 | 3.0 | -0.6 | 2.0 | 0.5 | -2.4 | 5.2 |
| Neck or shoulder pain in last month | 2.3 | 3.3 | 8.6 | 2.2 | 2.1 | -2.3 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | -0.1 | 2.9 |
| Impedance of whole body | 2.3 | 11.7 | 33.8 | 2.8 | 5.0 | -5.8 | 1.7 | -1.9 | 1.0 | -0.2 | -3.2 | 4.5 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | 2.2 | 9.3 | 19.8 | -0.8 | -3.4 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 0.8 |
| Weight | 2.2 | 10.7 | 22.8 | 0.5 | -2.3 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 2.1 |
| Impedance of arm (right) | 2.2 | 10.3 | 29.5 | 2.4 | 4.5 | -5.4 | 2.1 | -1.2 | 1.1 | -0.1 | -2.6 | 4.7 |
| Number of full brothers | 2.2 | 2.7 | 6.2 | -1.6 | 0.5 | -0.2 | -2.2 | -2.2 | -1.6 | -2.5 | -1.5 | -0.9 |
| Mean time to correctly identify matches | 2.2 | 4.2 | 12.6 | -0.0 | 1.4 | -0.3 | -2.6 | -2.7 | -2.1 | -3.5 | -2.0 | -1.2 |
| Age at last live birth | 2.2 | 3.1 | 6.8 | 1.5 | -0.1 | -0.3 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | 2.1 | 2.9 | 5.8 | -2.1 | -1.7 | 2.0 | -0.7 | -0.4 | -1.7 | -2.4 | -0.2 | -2.4 |
| BMI | 2.1 | 12.4 | 26.9 | -2.4 | -4.4 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 4.0 | 0.3 |
| Cardiovascular Disease | 2.1 | 6.9 | 12.6 | 0.5 | -2.2 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 1.5 |
| Medication: Levothyroxine sodium | 2.1 | 3.6 | 6.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | -0.5 | -2.5 | -2.3 | -2.5 | -2.2 | -2.2 | -1.6 |
| Worry too long after embarrassment | 2.1 | 3.6 | 8.6 | 2.4 | 1.1 | -1.3 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.9 |
| Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks | 2.0 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 0.3 | -1.0 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 0.9 |
| Time employed in main current job | 2.0 | 2.3 | 6.4 | 2.4 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 0.1 |
| Ever taken oral contraceptive pill | 2.0 | 2.3 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 1.3 | -0.6 | -2.3 | -2.4 | -1.2 | -1.7 | -1.2 | -1.0 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading | 2.0 | 6.3 | 13.5 | -0.0 | -2.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 1.0 |
| Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) | 2.0 | 2.6 | 7.3 | 1.7 | 2.4 | -2.7 | -0.7 | -1.0 | -1.0 | -0.5 | -1.7 | 1.4 |
| Leg fat mass (left) | 2.0 | 8.0 | 16.0 | 0.4 | -2.0 | 1.1 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 1.9 |
| Supplements: Zinc | 1.9 | 2.1 | 3.4 | -0.7 | -1.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 0.1 |
| Diabetes (mother) | 1.9 | 2.4 | 7.4 | -1.4 | -1.4 | 2.0 | -0.8 | -0.7 | -1.4 | -1.7 | -0.5 | -2.7 |
| Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent | 1.9 | 2.5 | 5.5 | -2.0 | -2.3 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.9 | -0.6 | 1.1 | -1.5 |
| Leg fat mass (right) | 1.9 | 7.4 | 15.2 | 0.3 | -2.0 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 1.8 |
| Family relationship satisfaction | 1.9 | 2.3 | 4.9 | 1.1 | 0.2 | -0.6 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 2.2 |
| Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes | 1.9 | 2.3 | 5.4 | -0.8 | -1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.8 |
| Ever depressed for a whole week | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 0.0 | -0.1 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.9 |
| Leg fat-free mass (left) | 1.8 | 9.5 | 19.6 | -0.1 | -3.0 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 1.0 |
| Stomach or abdominal pain in last month | 1.8 | 2.3 | 5.6 | 1.8 | 2.4 | -2.4 | -1.0 | -0.6 | -0.1 | 0.2 | -0.7 | 2.1 |
| Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks | 1.8 | 2.7 | 7.9 | 2.1 | 1.9 | -2.3 | 0.8 | -0.0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 2.8 |
| Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) | 1.8 | 3.6 | 8.4 | -0.3 | 0.9 | -0.1 | -2.3 | -1.9 | -2.9 | -2.0 | -2.4 | -2.0 |
| Leg fat-free mass (right) | 1.8 | 9.6 | 19.6 | -0.1 | -3.1 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 0.9 |
| Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity | 1.8 | 2.8 | 4.9 | 1.7 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.1 |
| Leg predicted mass (right) | 1.8 | 9.6 | 19.6 | -0.1 | -3.0 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 0.9 |
| Miserableness | 1.8 | 3.1 | 7.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 | -0.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2.4 |
| Pack years of smoking | 1.8 | 2.7 | 6.0 | -2.2 | -2.3 | 2.5 | -0.8 | 0.4 | -0.9 | -1.0 | 0.2 | -2.3 |
| Crohns Disease (2017) | 1.7 | 3.8 | 9.4 | 1.8 | 1.3 | -2.0 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 | -0.1 | 3.1 |
| Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) | 1.7 | 4.0 | 9.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | -2.8 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | -0.8 | 3.0 |
| Impedance of leg (right) | 1.7 | 8.4 | 22.0 | 2.1 | 4.5 | -4.7 | -0.5 | -2.9 | -1.1 | -1.2 | -3.6 | 2.2 |
| Leg predicted mass (left) | 1.7 | 9.2 | 19.0 | -0.1 | -2.9 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 1.0 |
| Heart attack | 1.7 | 2.2 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 2.2 | -2.5 | -0.5 | -0.7 | -0.8 | -0.2 | -1.3 | 1.5 |
| Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index | 1.7 | 2.0 | 5.8 | 0.3 | -0.8 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
| Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes | 1.7 | 2.8 | 7.6 | -0.2 | 2.1 | -1.9 | -1.1 | -2.2 | -1.1 | -1.7 | -2.8 | -0.1 |
| Chest pain or discomfort | 1.7 | 2.5 | 6.6 | 2.2 | 1.0 | -1.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 0.2 | 2.6 |
| Back pain experienced in last month | 1.7 | 2.5 | 6.2 | 2.5 | 2.4 | -2.3 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 0.6 | 1.0 | -0.6 | 1.8 |
| Alcohol drinker status: Never | 1.7 | 2.1 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 0.3 | -0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
| Major Depression (MDD) | 1.6 | 1.9 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 2.0 | -1.1 | -0.5 | -0.5 | 0.6 | -0.1 | 0.8 | 2.1 |
| Prostate Cancer | 1.6 | 2.2 | 5.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | -2.3 | 0.9 | -0.4 | 0.8 | -0.1 | -0.4 | 1.7 |
| Crohns Disease (2012) | 1.6 | 2.6 | 5.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 | -2.0 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.5 | -0.8 | 2.4 |
| Systolic blood pressure, automated reading | 1.6 | 4.7 | 9.4 | -1.0 | -3.0 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.7 | -0.5 |
| Medication: Metformin | 1.6 | 2.3 | 5.1 | -0.7 | -2.3 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.7 | -1.0 |
| Pack years adult smoking proportion | 1.6 | 2.5 | 5.8 | -2.1 | -2.3 | 2.4 | -0.8 | 0.4 | -0.9 | -0.9 | 0.2 | -2.2 |
| Impedance of leg (left) | 1.6 | 7.9 | 21.7 | 2.3 | 4.4 | -4.7 | -0.4 | -2.7 | -0.8 | -0.8 | -3.4 | 2.3 |
| Waist circumference | 1.6 | 5.9 | 12.9 | 0.1 | -1.7 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 1.7 |
| Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 | 1.6 | 3.9 | 10.4 | -0.8 | -0.7 | 1.5 | -1.8 | -2.4 | -2.2 | -2.7 | -0.2 | -3.2 |
| Medication: Allopurinol | 1.6 | 2.1 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 2.0 | -2.1 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.3 | -0.8 | 1.8 |
| Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) | 1.6 | 1.9 | 6.2 | -0.2 | 0.5 | -0.0 | -2.5 | -2.1 | -1.3 | -1.4 | -0.8 | -1.4 |
| Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) | 1.5 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | -1.6 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.2 | -0.7 | 1.9 |
| Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | 1.5 | 2.7 | 6.7 | 2.0 | 2.5 | -2.6 | 0.9 | -0.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | -1.1 | 2.2 |
| Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) | 1.5 | 1.7 | 4.9 | -0.8 | -2.2 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | -0.6 |
| Mouth/teeth dental problems | 1.5 | 2.3 | 6.5 | -0.2 | -1.9 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.0 | -0.8 |
| Age at first live birth | 1.5 | 2.7 | 7.1 | 2.7 | 0.8 | -0.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 1.8 |
| Average weekly red wine intake | 1.5 | 2.3 | 5.3 | -1.4 | -0.1 | 0.5 | -2.3 | -1.6 | -1.6 | -1.4 | -1.7 | -1.8 |
| Basal metabolic rate | 1.5 | 8.2 | 17.6 | -0.0 | -2.9 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 0.6 |
| Leg fat percentage (left) | 1.5 | 5.6 | 10.9 | 0.5 | -1.2 | 0.3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.3 |
| Reaction Time | 1.4 | 2.7 | 7.7 | -0.0 | 1.2 | -0.4 | -2.2 | -2.1 | -1.6 | -2.8 | -1.6 | -0.6 |
| Primary Biliary Cirrhosis | 1.4 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | -2.0 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.7 | -0.8 | 2.0 |
| Diabetes (father) | 1.4 | 1.7 | 4.0 | -0.6 | -0.9 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.4 |
| High blood pressure (mother) | 1.4 | 1.9 | 5.4 | -2.3 | -2.0 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | -0.4 | 0.8 | -1.5 |
| Diabetes (self-reported) | 1.4 | 2.2 | 5.0 | 0.2 | -1.4 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| Medication: Lansoprazole | 1.4 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 1.0 | -1.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.2 |
| Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums | 1.4 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 0.9 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
| Medication: Paracetamol | 1.4 | 2.3 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 0.4 | -0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
| Leg fat percentage (right) | 1.4 | 5.1 | 9.8 | 0.4 | -1.1 | 0.3 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.2 |
| Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year | 1.4 | 2.5 | 6.2 | 1.5 | 2.1 | -2.5 | 1.2 | -0.1 | 1.1 | -0.5 | -1.0 | 2.5 |
| Overall health rating | 1.4 | 2.9 | 7.3 | 0.9 | -0.1 | -0.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 2.7 |
| Osteoarthritis (self-reported) | 1.4 | 1.8 | 4.3 | 1.4 | 2.0 | -2.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | -0.5 | -0.3 | -1.1 | 2.0 |
| Mother’s age at death | 1.4 | 1.8 | 3.9 | -0.0 | 0.9 | -0.7 | -1.5 | -1.9 | -1.3 | -2.0 | -1.4 | -1.0 |
| Supplements: Calcium | 1.4 | 1.6 | 4.4 | 1.0 | 1.3 | -1.8 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.2 | -0.5 | 2.1 |
| Age at First Birth | 1.3 | 1.9 | 5.8 | 2.4 | 1.8 | -2.1 | 0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | 1.4 | -0.7 | 1.0 |
| Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks | 1.3 | 1.8 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 1.2 | -1.6 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.9 |
| Medication: Co-codamol | 1.3 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 1.8 | -1.6 | -1.4 | -1.1 | -0.5 | 0.3 | -0.8 | 0.8 |
| Financial difficulties in last 2 years | 1.3 | 1.8 | 3.8 | -0.5 | 0.5 | -0.4 | -1.9 | -1.6 | -1.9 | -1.7 | -1.3 | -1.0 |
| Lung cancer (father) | 1.3 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | -0.4 | -1.8 | -1.4 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -1.6 | -1.3 |
| Illnesses of mother | 1.3 | 1.7 | 6.0 | 0.2 | 1.0 | -0.6 | -1.3 | -1.4 | -2.5 | -0.8 | -1.7 | -0.6 |
| Gout (self-reported) | 1.3 | 1.8 | 4.2 | 2.0 | 2.1 | -2.0 | 0.0 | -1.0 | 0.3 | -0.6 | -0.9 | 1.2 |
| Emphysema/chronic bronchitis | 1.3 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 0.4 | 1.9 | -1.9 | -0.2 | -0.5 | -0.2 | -1.0 | -1.2 | 1.7 |
| Arm fat-free mass (left) | 1.3 | 6.5 | 13.5 | -0.1 | -3.0 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 3.3 | 3.5 | -0.2 |
| Cholesterol lowering medication | 1.3 | 1.9 | 4.6 | -0.2 | -1.0 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| Breast Cancer | 1.2 | 2.8 | 7.9 | -1.3 | -2.2 | 1.4 | -0.1 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 1.6 | -0.4 |
| Vitamin and mineral supplements | 1.2 | 1.7 | 3.9 | -1.1 | -1.1 | 1.4 | -1.8 | -1.2 | -0.5 | -1.4 | 0.3 | -2.0 |
| Multivitamins +/- minerals | 1.2 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 0.3 | -0.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.9 |
| Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) | 1.2 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 1.3 | -1.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.3 | -0.1 | 2.2 |
| Arm fat-free mass (right) | 1.2 | 6.0 | 11.4 | -0.6 | -3.1 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 | -0.7 |
| Arm predicted mass (right) | 1.2 | 6.4 | 11.6 | -0.5 | -3.2 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 3.2 | -0.7 |
| Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years | 1.2 | 1.5 | 5.7 | 0.4 | -1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 2.4 | -0.0 |
| Whole body fat-free mass | 1.2 | 6.9 | 14.7 | -0.3 | -3.0 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 0.0 |
| Illnesses of father: High blood pressure | 1.2 | 1.4 | 3.6 | 1.9 | -0.1 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.0 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure | 1.1 | 5.7 | 9.6 | -0.3 | -3.0 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 0.0 |
| Hand grip strength (left) | 1.1 | 2.8 | 6.4 | -2.0 | -2.5 | 2.5 | -0.0 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | -1.7 |
| Average weekly spirits intake | 1.1 | 1.3 | 3.5 | -1.1 | -0.1 | 0.6 | -1.9 | -0.7 | -1.6 | -1.0 | -1.2 | -1.4 |
| Average weekly fortified wine intake | 1.1 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 1.0 | -0.9 | -0.1 | -1.3 | -1.4 | -1.2 | -2.0 | -0.8 |
| Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself | 1.1 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.1 | -1.5 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | -0.4 | 1.5 |
| Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) | 1.1 | 1.4 | 4.4 | -0.2 | 0.9 | -0.6 | -2.1 | -1.6 | -1.1 | -1.3 | -1.1 | 0.2 |
| Had menopause | 1.1 | 1.3 | 2.2 | -0.5 | 0.3 | -0.2 | -1.5 | -1.4 | -1.3 | -1.5 | -1.5 | -1.1 |
| Headache pain in last month | 1.1 | 1.9 | 7.2 | -0.0 | -0.6 | -0.2 | 1.3 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| Medication: Amlodipine | 1.1 | 1.6 | 4.8 | -0.9 | -2.0 | 2.2 | -0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.0 | -1.7 |
| Pulse wave peak to peak time | 1.1 | 1.3 | 4.2 | -0.0 | 0.8 | -0.4 | -0.8 | -2.1 | -1.6 | -1.7 | -0.7 | -0.3 |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted | 1.1 | 2.4 | 6.5 | -0.1 | -1.3 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
| Commuting to job workplace: Walk | 1.1 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | -1.5 | -0.6 | -1.0 | -0.3 | -0.1 | -1.1 | 0.6 |
| Whole body water mass | 1.1 | 6.4 | 13.3 | -0.2 | -2.8 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 0.0 |
| Medication: Atorvastatin | 1.1 | 1.3 | 2.7 | -0.3 | -1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 1.6 | -0.4 |
| Arm predicted mass (left) | 1.1 | 5.4 | 11.3 | -0.3 | -2.7 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 3.2 | -0.2 |
| Depression (Nagel 2018) | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 0.3 | -0.7 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Lung FVC | 1.0 | 5.0 | 21.2 | -1.2 | 0.5 | -0.0 | -4.6 | -3.2 | -2.3 | -1.3 | -1.2 | -1.9 |
| Hand grip strength (right) | 1.0 | 2.6 | 6.4 | -1.7 | -2.3 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 1.5 | -0.0 | 1.4 | 0.9 | -1.9 |
| Medication: Atenolol | 1.0 | 1.3 | 3.2 | -1.8 | -1.7 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -0.9 |
| Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 4.7 | 1.0 | 0.3 | -0.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
| Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 1.6 | -1.7 | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.9 | 0.5 | -1.3 | 1.1 |
| Breastfed as a baby | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 0.7 | 1.5 | -1.6 | 0.9 | -0.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | -1.7 | 1.2 |
| Peak expiratory flow (PEF) | 1.0 | 2.2 | 4.1 | -0.8 | -2.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.8 | -0.0 |
| Pulse wave reflection index | 1.0 | 1.3 | 3.6 | -0.2 | -1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
| Blood clot in the leg (DVT) | 1.0 | 1.3 | 3.1 | -1.0 | -1.8 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.7 | -0.1 |
| Number of children fathered | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.8 | -1.7 | -1.4 | 1.6 | -0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 1.0 | -1.1 |
| Medication: Blood pressure | 1.0 | 1.7 | 4.4 | 1.0 | -1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 0.5 |
| High cholesterol (Self-reported) | 1.0 | 1.8 | 4.9 | -0.4 | -1.9 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | -0.5 | 2.0 | -0.5 |
| Medication: Paracetamol | 1.0 | 1.5 | 4.3 | 2.1 | 0.8 | -1.1 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.8 |
| Bipolar Disorder (2011) | 0.9 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 1.1 | -0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) | 0.9 | 1.1 | 3.5 | -1.0 | -1.5 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | -0.4 | -0.7 | 0.1 | -1.9 |
| Exposure to tobacco smoke at home | 0.9 | 1.0 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 1.4 | -1.0 | -0.7 | -1.0 | -0.5 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 0.1 |
| Health satisfaction | 0.9 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 2.0 |
| Smoking status: Previous | 0.9 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | -0.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.2 |
| Ever smoked | 0.9 | 1.6 | 4.2 | 0.2 | 1.7 | -1.4 | -1.0 | -1.3 | -0.3 | -2.1 | -1.1 | 1.0 |
| Commuting to job workplace: Cycle | 0.9 | 1.1 | 2.1 | -0.8 | -1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | -0.3 |
| Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) | 0.8 | 1.0 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.0 | -1.3 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 |
| Triglycerides | 0.8 | 1.3 | 3.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 | -1.3 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.9 |
| Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 0.7 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -1.2 | -1.1 | -1.4 | -1.6 | -0.4 |
| High blood pressure | 0.8 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 1.0 | -1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.5 |
| Trunk fat-free mass | 0.8 | 4.5 | 9.6 | -0.3 | -2.6 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 2.7 | -0.4 |
| Father’s age at death | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 1.4 | -1.0 | -0.6 | -1.5 | -0.5 | -1.1 | -1.4 | 0.1 |
| Trunk predicted mass | 0.8 | 4.7 | 9.9 | -0.4 | -2.6 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | -0.4 |
| Birth weight of first child | 0.8 | 1.4 | 3.5 | 0.3 | -1.0 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | -1.0 | 0.9 | -0.5 | -0.3 | -1.5 | -0.8 | 0.7 |
| Illnesses of father: Heart disease | 0.8 | 1.1 | 2.6 | -0.3 | -1.3 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 |
| Ever had bowel cancer screening | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0.2 | -0.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Hearing aid user | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.7 | -1.2 | -1.3 | 1.3 | -0.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | -1.0 |
| Fasting Glucose | 0.7 | 0.9 | 4.1 | -0.8 | -0.8 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| HbA1C | 0.7 | 0.8 | 2.4 | -0.2 | -0.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.9 |
| Supplements: Glucosamine | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.8 | -0.4 | 0.5 | -0.1 | -0.9 | -0.8 | -1.3 | -1.3 | -1.3 | -1.1 |
| Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 2.2 | -0.9 | 0.9 | -0.7 | -0.0 | -0.3 | -0.8 | -1.5 | -1.2 | 0.8 |
| Medication: Ramipril | 0.7 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.0 | -0.5 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.6 |
| Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent | 0.7 | 1.6 | 5.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | -0.8 | -1.8 | -2.3 | -1.0 | -0.2 | -1.2 | -0.9 |
| Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.7 | -0.7 | -0.5 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Had major operations | 0.7 | 0.8 | 2.9 | -0.9 | 0.3 | -0.1 | -0.9 | -0.9 | -1.7 | -1.0 | -1.0 | -0.4 |
| Hypertension (Self-reported) | 0.7 | 1.9 | 3.6 | 1.0 | -1.0 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 0.9 |
| Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.4 | -0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
| Medication: Aspirin | 0.7 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 1.6 | -1.4 | -0.9 | -0.9 | -0.6 | -0.2 | -0.8 | 0.8 |
| Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 1.4 | -1.1 | -1.1 | -0.9 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -1.0 | 0.0 |
| Risk taking | 0.7 | 1.1 | 2.2 | -1.1 | -0.3 | 0.4 | -0.9 | -1.3 | -0.9 | -1.5 | -0.6 | -1.5 |
| Ulcerative Colitis | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.9 | -1.1 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 1.3 |
| Hair Pigment | 0.6 | 15.7 | 29.1 | -5.4 | -1.8 | 2.7 | -4.3 | -3.6 | -3.9 | -4.5 | -2.8 | -5.3 |
| Past tobacco smoking | 0.6 | 1.2 | 3.0 | -0.9 | -1.7 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
| Alcohol usually taken with meals | 0.6 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | -1.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.5 | 1.6 |
| Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously | 0.6 | 0.9 | 2.5 | -0.8 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Number of live births | 0.6 | 0.8 | 2.5 | -1.6 | 0.3 | -0.5 | -0.9 | -0.8 | -0.6 | -1.5 | -0.6 | -0.1 |
| Medication: Cholesterol lowering | 0.6 | 1.0 | 2.6 | -0.4 | -1.6 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.4 | -0.5 |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure | 0.6 | 2.0 | 8.6 | 0.8 | -0.2 | -0.5 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
| Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler | 0.6 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | -0.6 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.6 | -0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| Medication: Aspirin | 0.6 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | -1.3 | -0.8 | -0.6 | -0.4 | 0.1 | -0.5 | 0.9 |
| Breast cancer (self-reported) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 | -0.2 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | -1.3 | -0.2 | 0.9 |
| Osteoporosis (self-reported) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.0 | -1.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.2 | 1.2 |
| Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.9 | -1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | -0.1 | -0.0 | -0.9 | 1.3 |
| Age started oral contraceptive pill | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.7 | -1.2 | -1.2 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.3 | -0.2 | 0.9 | -0.1 |
| Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor | 0.6 | 1.8 | 3.6 | -0.6 | 1.4 | -1.1 | -0.8 | -1.8 | -1.2 | -1.7 | -1.9 | -0.5 |
| Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 2.2 | -0.7 | -1.4 | 1.4 | -0.2 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.5 | -0.4 |
| Alcohol drinker status: Previous | 0.6 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.1 | -1.3 | -0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.5 |
| Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) | 0.5 | 2.2 | 8.8 | -1.4 | 1.1 | -1.3 | 0.4 | -0.5 | -0.4 | -2.4 | -3.0 | 0.4 |
| Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes | 0.5 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -0.5 | -1.5 | -0.9 | -0.9 | -0.6 | -1.3 | -0.8 |
| Angina | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | -1.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.9 | -0.6 | 1.1 |
| Severe depression (siblings) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.4 | -0.7 | -1.2 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 | -0.7 |
| Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.8 | -1.4 | -1.2 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 0.3 | -0.3 |
| Falls in the last year | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.4 | -0.4 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| Standing height | 0.5 | 4.8 | 12.0 | 2.6 | 1.6 | -2.4 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 3.5 | 0.0 | 2.8 |
| Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.4 | -0.5 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | -0.1 | 0.2 | 1.3 |
| Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution | 0.5 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 0.5 | -0.1 | 0.3 | -0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Lupus | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 0.3 | -0.7 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.4 |
| Blood Platelet Count | 0.4 | 4.1 | 19.9 | -1.3 | -0.9 | 1.4 | -4.5 | -1.2 | -2.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -2.2 |
| Relative age of first facial hair | 0.4 | 0.8 | 2.7 | -0.0 | -0.0 | -0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | -0.7 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 0.7 | -0.8 | -0.3 | 0.8 |
| Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.2 | -0.0 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.1 |
| Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.6 | 0.4 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| Had other major operations | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.2 | -0.2 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | -0.3 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| Medication: Simvastatin | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.8 | -0.8 | -1.2 | 1.3 | -0.1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 1.0 | -0.1 |
| Pulse rate | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | -0.7 | -0.6 | 0.2 | -0.6 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| Prospective memory result | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.8 | -0.2 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
| Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent | 0.4 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | -0.7 | -0.0 | -0.8 | -0.8 | -0.6 | -1.4 | -0.7 |
| Qualifications: College or University degree | 0.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | -1.4 | -1.1 | -0.8 | -0.5 | 1.2 | -1.2 | 0.7 |
| Angina (self-reported) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.8 | -1.2 | 0.2 | -0.0 | -0.3 | 0.6 | -0.8 | 0.8 |
| Heart disease (mother) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.3 | -0.5 | -0.9 | 0.6 | -0.0 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.1 |
| Pulse rate, automated reading | 0.4 | 1.2 | 4.0 | 1.7 | 0.4 | -0.7 | -0.5 | 0.8 | -0.1 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Loneliness, isolation | 0.4 | 0.5 | 2.0 | -0.5 | -0.0 | -0.5 | -0.0 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.4 |
| Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.4 | -1.2 | -0.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 0.6 | -0.9 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
| Friendships satisfaction | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | -0.4 | -0.1 | 1.2 |
| Medication for cholesterol | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.8 | -0.1 | 0.5 | -0.5 | -0.8 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -0.5 | -0.9 | -0.8 |
| Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
| Pain experienced in last month | 0.4 | 0.7 | 2.0 | -1.0 | -1.4 | 1.1 | -0.2 | -0.4 | 0.1 | -0.4 | 0.4 | -1.4 |
| Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.5 | -0.3 | -0.3 | 0.2 |
| Ovarian Cancer | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | -0.1 | 0.6 | -0.3 | -0.8 | -0.8 | 1.1 | -0.7 | -0.4 | -0.0 |
| Mean Putamen Volume | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.9 | -0.1 | -0.8 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.1 | -1.0 |
| HDL Cholesterol | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.2 | -0.2 | 0.5 | -0.9 | -0.8 | -0.9 | -0.3 | 0.0 | -1.0 |
| Tanning | 0.3 | 4.2 | 7.5 | -2.6 | -0.8 | 1.3 | -1.9 | -1.6 | -2.4 | -2.5 | -1.6 | -2.7 |
| Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.7 | -0.2 | -0.1 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| Townsend deprivation index at recruitment | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.2 | -0.9 | -0.5 | 0.5 | -0.9 | -0.7 | -0.3 | -0.5 | -0.3 | -1.1 |
| Pain all over the body in last month | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.7 | -0.6 | 0.2 | -0.0 | 0.1 | -0.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) | 0.3 | 1.1 | 5.0 | 0.1 | -0.5 | -0.1 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| Length of working week for main job | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | -0.6 | -0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.0 | 0.2 |
| Birth weight | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 | -1.0 | -0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 1.1 |
| Shortness of breath walking on level ground | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.4 | -0.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | -0.1 | 0.7 |
| Leg pain on walking | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 | -0.5 | -0.1 | -0.9 | 0.4 | -1.3 | -0.4 | 0.2 |
| Knee pain experienced in last month | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.2 | -1.1 | -0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.6 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.8 | -0.8 | 0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -0.8 | 0.8 |
| Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 0.0 | -0.2 | 0.1 | -1.1 | 0.3 | -0.6 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Qualifications: nursing, teaching | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.1 | -0.7 | -0.3 | -0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
| Mineral and other dietary supplements | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.1 | -0.6 | 0.7 | -0.8 | -0.8 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 0.8 | -0.6 |
| Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.1 | -0.3 | 0.3 | -0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 | 1.0 |
| Financial situation satisfaction | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.8 | -0.1 | 0.2 | -0.7 | -0.1 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.3 |
| Medication: Blood pressure | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.2 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| Medication: Lisinopril | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | -0.7 | -0.4 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 |
| Number of operations (self-reported) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 2.7 | -0.7 | 0.2 | -0.1 | 0.1 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -1.7 | -0.4 | 0.2 |
| Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | -0.0 | -0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | -0.4 |
| Unable to work because of sickness or disability | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.5 | -0.1 | -0.5 | 0.5 |
| Height | 0.2 | 4.4 | 10.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 | -2.4 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 3.2 | -1.2 | 2.4 |
| Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | -0.6 | -0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | -0.2 | -0.2 | 0.1 |
| Forced vital capacity (FVC) | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | -1.3 | -0.8 | -0.9 | -0.4 | 0.9 | -0.8 | 0.6 |
| Qualifications: None of the above | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.7 | -0.8 | -0.3 | 0.6 | -0.6 | -0.5 | -0.6 | -1.3 | 0.2 | -0.5 |
| Illnesses of siblings | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.8 | -0.8 | -0.5 | -0.4 | -0.6 |
| Noisy workplace | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.8 |
| High blood pressure (siblings) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.1 | -1.2 | -0.9 | -0.4 | -0.6 | 1.1 | -0.6 | 0.7 |
| Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | -0.6 | -0.1 | -0.9 | -0.2 | -0.8 | -0.3 |
| Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | -1.0 | -0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.1 |
| Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.5 | -0.6 | 0.3 |
| Medication: Bendroflumethiazide | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -0.6 | -0.8 | 0.6 | -0.7 | -0.4 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 0.7 | -0.3 |
| Heart disease (siblings) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.5 | -0.8 | -0.0 | -0.3 | -1.2 | -0.3 | 0.2 | -0.0 | -0.1 | 0.1 |
| LDL Cholesterol | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | -0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.7 | -0.4 | -0.2 | 0.6 | -0.4 |
| Blood Red Count | 0.1 | 0.9 | 2.6 | -1.6 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -1.6 | -0.6 | -0.9 | -0.3 | -1.2 | -0.4 |
| Blood White Count | 0.1 | 0.4 | 1.7 | -1.3 | -0.6 | 0.6 | -0.7 | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.3 | 0.2 | -0.2 |
| Medication for hormone replacement therapy | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | -0.5 | -0.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.2 | -0.2 | 0.1 | -0.2 |
| Relative age voice broke | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | -0.3 | -0.4 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Sitting height | 0.1 | 0.8 | 5.8 | 0.4 | -0.3 | -0.0 | 0.1 | 1.1 | -0.0 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Comparative height size at age 10 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 2.0 | -0.7 | -0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.4 | -0.2 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.4 |
| Supplements: Vitamin C | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | -0.3 | 0.1 | -0.1 | 0.6 | 0.1 | -0.1 | 0.2 | -0.7 | -0.2 |
| Medication: Gliclazide | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | -0.5 | 0.6 | -0.0 |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | -0.3 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.5 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |