Hub : Genes

LOC401397

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0420 0.0220 6.7e-03 0.030 0.016 0.013 0.019 0.022 1.3e-04 4.0e-03 9.3e-03 0.0018 9.9e-04
2 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0605 0.0227 6.6e-14 0.093 0.078 0.080 NA 0.093 1.6e-18 1.3e-15 5.2e-16 NA 2.1e-18
3 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0680 0.0340 4.3e-03 0.007 0.019 -0.001 NA 0.007 1.2e-01 2.7e-02 3.7e-01 NA 1.2e-01
4 TCGA Esophageal Carcinoma 0.3090 0.0910 2.9e-06 0.157 0.198 0.151 NA 0.177 1.1e-05 6.6e-07 1.7e-05 NA 2.9e-06
5 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0774 0.0293 4.4e-09 0.053 0.076 0.066 NA 0.063 1.4e-06 5.9e-09 6.7e-08 NA 1.3e-07
6 TCGA Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma 0.0930 0.0430 8.7e-05 0.066 0.043 0.035 NA 0.067 1.3e-04 1.6e-03 4.1e-03 NA 1.1e-04
7 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0219 0.0126 7.5e-03 0.022 0.013 0.016 NA 0.019 1.2e-03 1.0e-02 4.7e-03 NA 2.5e-03
8 TCGA Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma 0.0730 0.0380 1.8e-03 0.010 0.038 0.034 NA 0.019 6.1e-02 1.2e-03 2.4e-03 NA 1.8e-02
9 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0670 0.0258 5.1e-08 0.069 0.069 0.051 NA 0.059 1.1e-07 1.1e-07 5.0e-06 NA 8.3e-07
10 TCGA Soft Tissue Sarcoma 0.0960 0.0520 1.3e-03 0.005 0.035 0.016 NA 0.021 1.4e-01 3.6e-03 3.6e-02 NA 2.0e-02
11 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.0440 0.0230 2.6e-03 0.026 0.025 0.003 NA 0.027 5.5e-03 5.6e-03 1.7e-01 NA 4.7e-03
12 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1020 0.0340 7.3e-11 0.122 0.122 0.122 NA 0.121 6.6e-12 6.1e-12 6.5e-12 NA 7.6e-12

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 5.1 8.1 11.8 3.1 -3.0 -3.2 -2.4 -2.5 -3.0 -2.7 -1.3 -3.4 -2.7 -3.0 -3.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.2 3.0 5.9 1.9 -2.0 -2.4 -1.1 -1.3 -2.0 -1.3 0.3 -2.2 -1.2 -2.0 -2.0
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.7 3.3 1.0 -1.5 -1.7 -0.6 -1.5 -1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.6 0.1 -1.8 -1.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.7 1.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.3 0.8 1.8 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.4 1.0 1.6 0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -1.1 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0 0.4 -1.1 -1.3
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.1 0.3 1.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.5 1.4 -0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 4.4 5.8 7.7 -2.4 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.3
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 3.4 3.9 6.2 2.2 -2.2 -2.5 -1.4 -2.1 -2.2 -1.8 -1.0 -2.1 -1.2 -2.2 -2.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.5 1.6 4.2 1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -0.9 -1.7 -1.2 -1.5 -2.1 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.7 2.4 4.4 1.8 -1.5 -1.6 -0.7 -2.1 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.6 -1.0 -1.8 -1.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.5 1.7 -0.6 0.4 0.1 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.7 1.3 4.1 -1.0 1.0 0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.1 1.5 0.4 0.9
Major Depression (MDD) 5.6 6.9 10.0 3.1 -3.2 -2.1 -3.0 -2.2 -3.2 -3.0 -1.9 -2.3 -2.3 -2.1 -2.5
Reaction Time 1.2 2.3 5.2 -1.6 1.2 0.5 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.9 2.3 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.2 -0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7 -1.0 0.3 0.1
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4
Ovarian Cancer 1.5 1.9 2.9 -1.3 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.4 1.2 1.7
Prostate Cancer 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.9 -0.8 -1.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.3 -0.9
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.8 2.0 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7 0.6 -0.8 -1.1
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 4.0 3.8 5.8 2.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.6 -1.4 -2.0 -2.3 -0.6 -2.4 -2.4 -2.0 -1.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.9 1.2 3.0 -1.3 0.9 0.2 1.7 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.9 1.1 3.6 -0.9 1.2 -0.2 1.9 0.7 1.2 1.6 1.4 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.0 1.6 3.1 -1.4 1.4 1.3 0.4 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.8 1.0 0.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.6
HbA1C 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 0.0 -0.9 0.0 0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 2.8 -0.5 0.3 1.7 -1.2 0.8 0.3 -0.5 0.2 1.3 -0.0 0.8 0.9
LDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 -1.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4
Lupus 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.8 1.2 3.5 -1.1 0.9 0.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 1.4 0.8 0.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.8 1.2 2.2 1.0 -1.1 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -1.3 -1.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.4 0.9 5.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.4 1.0 2.2 0.3 1.4 0.4 0.2
Triglycerides 0.9 1.4 3.5 1.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2 -1.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4 -0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.7 1.8 -0.6 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.4 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.9
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.2 16.7 40.3 3.7 -4.0 -2.9 -4.1 -5.0 -4.0 -3.3 -6.3 -3.7 -2.2 -4.0 -4.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.4 1.7 0.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.2 -1.3 -0.2 0.3
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.6 2.2 -1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.5
Blood White Count 0.0 0.3 1.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.2
Heel T-Score 0.0 0.2 1.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.0 1.2 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4
BMI 0.3 1.9 7.2 -0.8 0.8 -1.7 2.7 0.6 0.8 1.2 2.7 -0.3 1.3 -0.4 0.3
Height 0.2 3.8 7.6 2.2 -2.3 -1.2 -1.8 -1.3 -2.3 -1.8 -1.7 -1.9 -2.8 -1.7 -2.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.6 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.6 1.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.2
Smoking Status 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.3
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.4 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.9
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.7 3.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.5 1.8 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 0.3
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.8 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.1
Respiratory disease 0.2 0.5 1.4 -0.6 0.8 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.5 -0.2 -0.6 1.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.0 5.0 10.5 2.4 -2.3 -2.6 -0.1 -2.4 -2.3 -1.3 -1.8 -2.7 -2.0 -3.2 -2.1
Lung FVC 0.2 1.1 3.3 -0.7 0.8 1.8 0.5 1.6 0.8 0.4 -0.1 1.0 -0.7 1.2 1.4
Neuroticism 0.4 1.0 2.2 0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.4 -1.5 -0.7 0.8 -1.0 -1.2
Chronotype (morning person) 0.3 0.8 2.4 -0.7 0.6 1.3 -0.7 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.7 3.2 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 -1.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.1 -1.0
Tanning 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.0
Hand grip strength (left) 2.4 6.2 10.5 -2.9 2.8 2.4 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.7 1.9 2.2 0.7 2.1 2.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.4 0.7 2.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 1.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.8
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.5 0.9 3.3 -1.4 0.9 0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.9 0.5 -0.0 1.0 1.8 1.1 0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.8 0.9 0.4 1.1 1.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.7 -0.0 -0.9
Relative age of first facial hair 0.7 1.4 2.0 -1.2 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.4 1.3 1.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.6 2.1 5.6 1.5 -1.5 -2.4 0.4 -1.0 -1.5 -0.7 0.0 -1.9 -1.2 -1.9 -1.6
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.0 1.2 3.4 1.0 -0.9 -1.4 -0.7 -1.8 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2 0.1 -1.1 -1.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.0 1.1 1.6 -1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.7 1.2 0.8 0.2 1.1 1.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 3.8 6.2 2.5 -2.2 -1.7 -1.0 -1.8 -2.2 -2.3 -1.5 -1.9 -2.1 -2.2 -1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.4 1.5 2.6 -1.3 1.6 1.2 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.0 0.7 1.2 0.9 1.6 1.2
Angina 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -1.5 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.7
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 4.3 5.8 10.7 2.9 -2.7 -1.1 -3.3 -2.4 -2.7 -2.9 -2.2 -1.9 -2.1 -2.2 -1.9
Supplements: Zinc 2.5 2.8 6.2 -1.9 1.3 -0.7 2.2 1.4 1.3 2.5 2.5 0.7 2.3 0.7 0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.7
Medication: Metformin 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.0 -0.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8
Diabetes (mother) 0.6 0.7 1.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.9 0.0 -1.3 -0.7 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1 -0.6
Severe depression (siblings) 0.9 1.0 2.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.7 -1.1 -0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.7 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.8 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2
Impedance of leg (right) 0.6 3.1 6.8 -1.9 1.9 2.6 0.6 1.7 1.9 1.4 0.8 2.5 1.1 1.7 2.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.6 5.1 1.1 -1.2 -2.3 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.4 -0.3 -1.9 -0.8 -1.4 -1.6
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 0.7 4.6 -0.3 0.4 -1.3 2.1 -0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.3 4.3 -1.8 1.6 1.0 1.8 2.1 1.6 2.0 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.1 1.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.9 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.6
Current tobacco smoking 1.6 2.6 4.9 -2.2 1.8 0.9 0.8 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.6 2.0 1.7 0.9
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.9 0.3 1.3 0.1 -0.2
Maternal smoking around birth 0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.9 0.8 0.0 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.5
Fed-up feelings 0.3 0.5 3.2 -0.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.5 0.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.3 2.9 -1.2 0.8 -0.6 1.7 1.1 0.8 1.7 1.7 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.4
Relative age voice broke 6.0 9.2 12.0 -3.5 3.3 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.4
Taking other prescription medications 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 2.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.1 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.1 -0.0 -1.4 0.6 0.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.8 0.6 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.8 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 1.0 2.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.2 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 3.8 4.0 5.3 1.9 -2.0 -2.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.0 -2.2 -1.4 -2.1 -1.8 -2.3 -2.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.8 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -1.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 -1.4 0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.2 2.7 5.2 1.8 -1.9 -2.1 0.1 -1.4 -1.9 -1.1 -1.0 -1.8 -1.5 -2.3 -1.7
High blood pressure 1.0 2.8 7.1 2.1 -1.6 -1.3 0.4 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.9 -2.7 -2.0 -0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.9 3.6 6.5 -2.3 2.2 0.9 2.5 1.7 2.2 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.8 3.8 -1.1 0.8 -0.4 2.0 0.3 0.8 1.3 0.4 0.1 1.0 0.2 0.3
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.4 1.1 0.0 1.2 0.4 -0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.9 0.5 0.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -0.7 0.4 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.0 0.7 0.7 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.4
Sitting height 0.6 4.3 5.9 2.3 -2.4 -1.4 -2.1 -1.8 -2.4 -1.7 -2.4 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 -2.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.6 1.1 -0.6 0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.5 0.7 2.5 1.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.6 -0.5 -0.9 -1.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.3 1.2 6.0 0.4 -0.3 -2.5 1.6 -0.8 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -1.5 0.3 -1.3 -0.9
Impedance of leg (left) 0.6 3.1 6.0 -2.0 1.9 2.5 0.9 1.4 1.9 1.5 0.5 2.2 1.2 1.9 2.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.7 5.3 1.1 -1.3 -2.3 0.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.3 -2.0 -0.8 -1.5 -1.6
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.8 3.6 0.1 -0.0 -1.9 1.9 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.5 -1.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.4
Waist circumference 0.3 1.2 5.3 0.2 -0.1 -2.3 2.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.7 -1.5 0.3 -1.0 -0.7
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.9 1.6 4.5 1.4 -1.4 -0.2 -2.1 -1.1 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 -0.5 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.3 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.1 0.3 1.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.9 1.5 3.9 -1.0 1.1 2.0 0.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.4 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.4
Nervous feelings 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.5
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.3 2.7 1.1 -1.4 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -1.5 -0.4 -0.7 -1.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.6 0.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.5
Had menopause 2.0 2.5 4.7 1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4 -2.2 -1.9 -1.3 -1.2 -1.5 -0.5 -1.6 -1.6
Had other major operations 2.2 2.6 4.4 -1.9 1.8 0.8 2.1 1.0 1.8 2.0 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.8 1.4
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.2 0.6 2.4 -0.5 0.3 1.5 -0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.9 0.8 0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 3.6 4.4 7.0 2.1 -2.2 -2.6 -0.8 -2.6 -2.2 -1.3 -2.2 -2.5 -1.0 -2.4 -2.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.2 -0.2 -1.3 0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.4
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 0.0 -1.0 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.5 0.7 3.0 -0.1 0.4 1.7 -0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.2 0.7 1.2
Heart attack 2.6 3.3 4.3 -2.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.1 1.8 1.1 1.8 1.9
Allergy 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.3 -0.5 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 -1.3 -0.7
Pain all over the body in last month 1.6 1.7 2.9 -1.5 1.4 0.9 0.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.5 0.8
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.7 1.1 2.5 1.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.9
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.4 -1.0 0.9 1.6 0.2 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.1 -0.1 1.0 1.1
Medication: Ramipril 1.5 2.0 3.7 1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -1.7 -1.9 -1.7 -1.2
Medication: Simvastatin 1.2 1.8 3.3 1.3 -1.2 -1.5 0.4 -1.5 -1.2 -0.9 -1.6 -1.6 -1.2 -1.8 -1.1
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.6 3.1 0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.0 -0.6 -1.8 -0.1 -0.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.6 2.2 3.9 -1.7 1.5 1.8 0.5 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.8 1.3
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.5 2.9 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.8 -0.0 0.4 -1.2 0.1 1.7 0.2 -0.4
Weight 0.3 1.3 5.8 0.7 -0.7 -2.4 1.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -1.7 -0.2 -1.4 -1.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.3 5.1 -0.7 0.9 2.3 -0.0 0.9 0.9 0.3 -0.0 1.5 0.2 1.6 1.6
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.2 6.2 -0.2 0.4 -1.8 2.5 -0.2 0.4 0.8 1.6 -0.9 0.8 -0.5 0.0
Trunk fat-free mass 0.3 1.7 5.4 1.0 -1.3 -2.3 -0.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -1.9 -0.9 -1.6 -1.8
Hip circumference 0.2 1.1 5.3 -0.3 0.3 -1.8 2.3 -0.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 -0.9 0.5 -0.6 -0.4
Time employed in main current job 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.1 1.2 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 0.9 0.6 -0.1 0.5
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.4 0.8 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 1.0
Father’s age at death 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.0 0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.2 1.0 0.4 -0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.1 -0.3 -1.4 0.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.9
Falls in the last year 1.1 1.5 2.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.7 0.1 -1.5 -1.1 -0.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.5 -1.6 -1.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.2 1.8 2.4 -1.4 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.3 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.5
Number of live births 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.9 0.9 0.4 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.4 0.6 1.2 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.1 0.3 1.8 0.1 -0.3 1.0 -0.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.2 -1.3 0.2 0.3
Pulse rate 0.6 1.1 2.7 1.1 -0.9 -1.5 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9
Happiness 7.3 8.8 12.3 3.2 -3.5 -2.8 -2.8 -3.2 -3.5 -2.9 -2.5 -2.8 -1.9 -3.0 -3.2
Noisy workplace 3.5 4.3 7.1 2.2 -2.1 -2.2 -1.5 -1.9 -2.1 -2.1 -1.6 -2.2 -1.9 -2.7 -2.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.7 1.6 1.2 -1.0 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.8 0.9 3.9 -0.8 0.9 0.2 2.0 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.8 1.4 3.1 0.9 -1.2 -1.8 -0.6 -1.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.4 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4
Asthma 0.6 1.2 2.4 -1.1 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.8 2.3 3.5 -1.9 1.8 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.3 2.1 3.5 1.8 -1.5 -1.9 0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.0 -0.6 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.0 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.9
Medication: Lansoprazole 4.8 5.4 12.3 -2.7 2.3 0.7 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.9 2.9 1.1 1.4 2.0 2.0
Prospective memory result 4.9 6.1 9.5 -2.5 2.5 3.1 2.1 2.8 2.5 2.2 1.7 2.9 1.4 2.4 2.9
Lung cancer (father) 0.8 1.0 1.5 -1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.2 1.2 0.8 -0.2 1.0 0.5 1.2 1.2
Illnesses of mother 3.4 4.2 7.5 -2.4 2.2 1.5 2.5 1.9 2.2 2.7 0.4 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.2 0.5 2.7 0.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.8 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -1.6 -0.2 0.0
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 1.1 4.7 -0.4 0.7 2.2 -0.1 0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.4 1.2 -0.3 1.5 1.5
Arm fat mass (right) 0.3 1.2 5.3 0.2 -0.1 -2.3 2.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.5 1.1 -1.4 0.4 -1.0 -0.6
Trunk predicted mass 0.3 1.9 5.7 1.1 -1.4 -2.4 -0.2 -0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -0.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.6 -1.9
Standing height 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.4 -0.9
Length of working week for main job 0.4 0.4 2.3 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -1.5 -0.3 -0.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.8 0.8 3.5 -0.9 0.9 0.5 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.2 1.9 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.3 0.4 3.3 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.8 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.5 0.8 1.4 -1.2 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.3 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.8
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 -0.3 1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7
Birth weight of first child 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.2 -0.3 0.6 -1.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.2 0.3
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -1.2 0.4 -0.1
Pulse wave reflection index 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.4 0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.0 0.9 0.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.0 1.2 2.6 0.9 -1.3 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3
Loud music exposure frequency 5.7 6.2 13.8 2.7 -2.9 -2.3 -3.7 -2.0 -2.9 -2.9 -0.5 -2.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.9
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.8 1.4 -0.9 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.8 5.1 -0.7 0.7 -0.7 2.3 0.2 0.7 1.1 0.7 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.8 1.1 3.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 -1.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3
Headache pain in last month 1.3 2.2 7.2 -1.7 1.8 1.0 2.7 1.0 1.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.0 1.6 4.2 -1.8 1.4 1.2 -0.7 0.5 1.4 0.8 0.7 1.4 2.0 1.4 0.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.1 -0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.9
Gout (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 1.9 1.4 -1.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.6 -1.3 -0.7 -0.8
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.2
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.9
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.6 1.0 -0.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.9
Birth weight 0.8 1.7 5.8 1.3 -1.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.3 -0.8 -1.9 -1.4 -2.4 -1.3 -0.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.5 2.0 -0.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.4 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 -1.4 0.2 0.5
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.1 6.3 -0.5 0.7 -1.4 2.5 -0.2 0.7 0.9 1.1 -0.6 0.9 -0.2 0.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 5.9 -0.5 0.6 -1.7 2.4 -0.1 0.6 0.9 1.3 -0.7 0.8 -0.8 -0.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.4 5.5 0.7 -1.0 -2.4 0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 -1.8 -0.6 -1.4 -1.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.7 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.3 0.0 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.9 5.0 -1.1 1.2 0.4 1.8 2.1 1.2 1.6 2.2 1.1 0.5 1.1 1.0
Number of full brothers 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.6
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.9 1.6 3.3 0.9 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.5 -1.2 0.3 -1.0 -1.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.8 2.2 -1.1 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.7 1.5 1.1 0.4
Number of children fathered 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.5 0.9 0.6 1.3 -0.5 0.9 0.4 -0.6 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.9
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 3.9 0.3 -0.5 0.8 -2.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.0
Age at first live birth 0.5 0.8 3.3 1.3 -1.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -1.0 -1.2 -0.0 -0.8 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5
Health satisfaction 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.5 -0.7 -1.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.4 -1.0 -1.0
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.8 2.9 -1.0 0.8 -0.2 1.7 0.5 0.8 1.6 0.8 0.1 1.0 0.2 0.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.8 2.4 7.0 2.0 -1.9 -0.2 -2.6 -0.8 -1.9 -1.7 -1.3 -1.0 -1.8 -0.3 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.7 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.6 1.2 -0.1 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 -0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 1.2 -0.3 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.8 0.5 0.5 -0.4 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 8.6 12.2 19.4 -3.9 3.9 2.5 4.1 2.7 3.9 4.4 1.7 3.2 3.7 3.6 3.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.5 2.9 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.1 -0.6 -1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -1.2 -1.7 -1.5 -0.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.3 -1.4 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.8
Migraine (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2 -1.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.4 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.8
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole 1.6 1.9 5.4 -1.4 1.8 1.2 2.3 0.6 1.8 1.2 -1.0 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.5
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.2
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.6 2.2 0.3 -0.7 -1.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 0.3 1.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.9
Heart disease (mother) 4.5 5.5 7.8 2.5 -2.5 -2.3 -1.8 -2.7 -2.5 -2.8 -1.7 -2.5 -1.7 -2.8 -2.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.0 2.4 4.3 1.7 -1.7 -0.8 -1.8 -1.4 -1.7 -1.6 -2.1 -1.2 -1.6 -1.0 -1.7
Whole body fat mass 0.3 1.1 5.2 -0.1 0.1 -2.1 2.3 -0.4 0.1 0.7 1.0 -1.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.3 1.3 5.5 -0.1 0.0 -2.3 2.3 -0.4 0.0 0.7 1.0 -1.3 0.3 -1.1 -0.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 2.0 6.4 1.1 -1.3 -2.5 -0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -2.1 -0.9 -1.6 -1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.8 2.7 5.9 1.6 -1.5 -2.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.5 -1.5 0.2 -2.1 -2.3 -2.4 -1.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.4 1.0 3.2 1.1 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -1.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1 -1.8 -0.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.9 5.1 8.4 2.5 -2.4 -2.1 -1.2 -2.2 -2.4 -2.0 -2.0 -2.4 -2.4 -2.9 -2.2
Number of full sisters 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.5
Overall health rating 0.3 0.6 2.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.9 1.5 -0.5 0.4 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 1.4 -0.7 -0.0
Chest pain or discomfort 2.4 3.5 6.0 -2.1 2.1 1.1 2.5 1.4 2.1 2.4 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.8
Had major operations 1.5 1.8 4.5 1.5 -1.3 -1.8 0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.7 -0.9 -2.1 -1.0
Age at last live birth 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.0 -0.0 0.2 0.1 0.9 -0.0 0.1 1.2 -0.0 -0.4 0.9 0.2
Family relationship satisfaction 1.6 2.0 4.3 1.3 -1.5 -2.1 -1.3 -1.7 -1.5 -1.0 -0.4 -1.4 0.5 -1.2 -2.0
Leg pain on walking 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.7 0.8 2.4 -0.9 0.8 0.1 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.5 0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.9 1.1 2.2 -1.1 0.9 1.5 -0.5 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.4 0.8
Medication: Aspirin 3.0 3.9 6.1 2.3 -2.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.9 -2.0 -1.8 -2.4 -2.2 -2.5 -1.8 -1.8
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.3 1.6 3.7 -1.4 1.2 -0.2 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.9 0.5 1.5 1.0 0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 3.1 -0.6 0.5 -0.6 1.8 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.6 -0.2 0.8 0.1 0.2
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.1 3.1 6.7 2.2 -1.7 -1.3 0.1 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -2.6 -2.1 -0.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.8 2.1 4.6 -1.7 1.8 0.8 2.1 1.0 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.7 1.0 1.9 1.4 -1.1 -1.4 0.1 -0.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.2 1.5 2.7 -1.2 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -1.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.8 3.8 6.3 1.9 -2.1 -1.6 -1.9 -1.5 -2.1 -1.8 -2.5 -1.9 -1.9 -1.6 -2.2
Whole body fat-free mass 0.3 1.8 5.6 1.1 -1.3 -2.4 -0.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 -2.0 -0.9 -1.6 -1.8
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.5 4.7 1.1 -1.2 -2.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -2.0 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.1 4.8 0.1 0.1 -2.0 2.2 -0.4 0.1 0.4 1.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.6 -0.2
Average weekly red wine intake 1.6 2.4 3.4 -1.6 1.6 1.7 0.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.5
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 4.5 5.4 8.8 -2.7 2.5 1.9 2.1 1.7 2.5 2.5 1.9 2.3 3.0 2.1 2.3
Mood swings 0.4 0.7 2.8 0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.7 -0.2 -1.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.9 -0.8
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.7 1.6 0.6 -0.8 -1.3 -0.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.0 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.6 2.3 0.5 -0.3 -1.5 1.1 0.0 -0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.6
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.0 2.4 5.1 -1.2 1.6 1.2 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.9 1.1 0.2 1.4 1.8
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.8 1.5 1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.8 0.8 1.8 -1.1 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.2 0.7
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.2 4.4 1.6 -1.4 -2.1 -0.4 -1.9 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.7 -0.5 -1.5 -1.7
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.3 2.0 4.0 1.4 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -2.0 -1.4 -1.7 -0.8 -1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.7 1.2 1.9 1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.3
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 0.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.4 1.9 5.8 1.5 -1.6 -0.4 -2.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -1.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 2.3 2.8 4.9 1.6 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 -2.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.8 -1.9
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.3 2.6 -1.2 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.6 1.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 -0.2 -1.2 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.4
Medication: Aspirin 2.8 3.6 5.9 2.2 -2.0 -1.2 -1.5 -1.8 -2.0 -1.9 -2.4 -1.9 -2.2 -1.7 -1.7
Medication: Gliclazide 3.0 3.4 6.1 -1.6 1.9 1.0 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.5 1.5 1.1 2.0 1.9
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.7 0.5 -0.1 0.8 0.7
Smoking status: Current 2.4 3.9 6.9 -2.6 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.0 1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.3 -0.1 0.0 1.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -1.3 -0.8 0.4
Whole body water mass 0.3 1.8 5.6 1.1 -1.3 -2.4 0.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 -0.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.8
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.5 4.6 1.1 -1.2 -2.1 0.2 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.9 -0.8 -1.3 -1.5
Arm fat mass (left) 0.3 1.4 6.6 0.4 -0.3 -2.6 1.9 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 1.0 -1.7 0.1 -1.1 -0.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.7 1.0 2.2 -1.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.5 0.9
Miserableness 0.2 0.4 2.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.8
Guilty feelings 0.6 0.8 2.7 -1.1 0.8 0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.8 1.6 1.4 0.5
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 2.4 1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.7 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.4
Hearing aid user 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.5 0.6
Mother’s age at death 0.5 0.6 3.7 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -1.0 1.1 -0.1 0.1 1.9 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.0
Financial situation satisfaction 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -1.3 -0.7 -0.2 -1.4 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 -1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.8 1.0 2.2 1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.5 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 2.7 3.2 4.3 2.0 -2.0 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -1.8 -1.8 -1.7 -1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 2.5 0.7 -0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.6 -0.2 -1.6 -0.3 0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.3
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 6.2 8.1 16.6 -3.0 3.2 2.0 4.1 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.5 2.5 1.9 2.2 2.8
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.9 1.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.1 1.6 3.5 1.6 -1.3 -0.7 -0.9 -1.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.8
Medication: Paracetamol 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 0.9 1.1 2.4 -1.3 1.3 1.1 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.5 -0.5 1.0 0.8 0.4 1.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.3 0.4 2.7 0.4 0.2 -0.5 1.6 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.6 -0.7 0.0 0.3
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.0 0.1 0.4 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.5 0.1 0.7 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.4 0.9 -0.1 0.6
Ever smoked 0.5 0.9 2.3 0.3 -0.5 -1.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9 0.7 -0.5 -1.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.3 1.4 5.3 0.9 -1.1 -2.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.9 -0.6 -1.4 -1.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.2 6.5 -0.3 0.4 -1.9 2.5 -0.4 0.4 0.8 1.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.6 6.1 0.8 -1.1 -2.5 0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -1.9 -0.5 -1.6 -1.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 5.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 2.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.0 0.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 4.6 6.6 9.5 2.5 -2.5 -3.0 -2.4 -2.4 -2.5 -2.6 -1.4 -3.1 -2.3 -2.7 -3.0
Irritability 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 -0.1
Risk taking 2.4 3.5 5.4 -2.1 1.6 1.1 1.7 2.1 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.0 1.2 2.6 0.8 -0.8 -1.6 -0.4 -1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -1.5 -0.2 -1.2 -1.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 6.4 8.2 12.4 3.0 -3.0 -2.7 -2.8 -2.8 -3.0 -3.5 -2.0 -3.0 -2.8 -2.6 -2.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.6 2.0 4.2 1.6 -1.5 -1.7 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 -1.4 -0.2 -1.8 -2.1 -1.4 -1.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 3.0 4.5 2.1 -1.9 -1.8 -0.9 -1.5 -1.9 -1.9 -0.8 -2.0 -2.0 -2.1 -1.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 3.5 4.3 9.9 1.9 -2.1 -1.4 -2.3 -2.5 -2.1 -1.5 -3.1 -2.1 -1.4 -1.7 -2.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.3 -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 4.4 5.4 10.0 2.4 -2.4 -2.0 -2.0 -3.0 -2.4 -2.2 -3.2 -2.2 -1.3 -1.7 -2.3
Myopia 2.1 3.1 8.5 2.0 -1.9 -0.8 -2.9 -1.3 -1.9 -2.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.0 -1.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.8 2.1 5.9 -1.8 1.4 1.1 -0.7 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.6 2.4 1.8 0.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.1 2.5 8.5 -1.6 2.0 1.0 2.9 0.8 2.0 1.6 -0.0 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.8
Pain experienced in last month 3.4 5.7 13.6 2.7 -2.6 -0.6 -3.7 -1.9 -2.6 -3.1 -2.5 -1.4 -2.3 -1.8 -2.0
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 3.1 -0.4 0.0 -1.5 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.6 1.7 -0.4 1.1 -0.2 -0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.7 2.0 2.8 1.6 -1.6 -1.4 -0.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.5 3.2 4.0 -2.0 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.1 1.8 1.2 1.8 1.8
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.8 1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -1.7 -0.9 -0.8 -1.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -1.4
Heart disease (siblings) 6.5 7.9 14.0 3.0 -2.9 -3.6 -1.1 -3.1 -2.9 -2.3 -1.8 -3.1 -1.8 -3.7 -3.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.8 2.0 4.3 1.8 -1.4 -0.2 -1.7 -1.6 -1.4 -1.7 -2.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.1 1.0 0.1 1.0 -0.2 1.0 0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4
Impedance of whole body 0.5 2.5 7.8 -1.4 1.5 2.8 0.2 1.2 1.5 0.8 -0.0 2.1 0.7 2.1 2.0
Leg fat mass (left) 0.4 1.4 6.1 0.1 -0.1 -2.5 2.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.6 0.8 -1.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.4 1.9 6.6 1.0 -1.2 -2.6 0.0 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.3 -2.1 -0.7 -1.7 -1.8