Hub : Genes

MAST4

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1814 0.0515 1.1e-04 0.101 NA 0.117 NA 0.103 2.5e-08 NA 1.9e-09 NA 1.8e-08
2 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1600 0.0470 3.2e-04 0.062 NA 0.086 NA 0.080 1.9e-05 NA 5.6e-07 NA 1.3e-06
3 GTEx Colon Transverse 0.2490 0.0820 3.5e-03 0.065 NA 0.020 NA 0.039 5.0e-04 NA 3.6e-02 NA 6.0e-03
4 GTEx Heart Left Ventricle 0.2653 0.0603 1.4e-06 0.275 NA 0.244 NA 0.284 5.4e-15 NA 3.2e-13 NA 1.8e-15
5 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1578 0.0351 5.6e-07 0.113 NA 0.132 NA 0.140 3.8e-11 NA 6.3e-13 NA 1.2e-13
6 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.3110 0.0690 1.4e-04 -0.003 NA -0.003 NA -0.002 9.8e-01 NA 7.8e-01 NA 5.8e-01
7 GTEx Whole Blood 0.1380 0.0570 6.6e-03 0.061 NA 0.004 NA 0.031 2.5e-06 NA 1.3e-01 NA 7.3e-04
8 METSIM Adipose 0.0763 0.0255 6.1e-04 -0.001 0.021 0.008 0.021 0.000 4.0e-01 0.00032 1.8e-02 0.00032 2.7e-01
9 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0501 0.0255 3.3e-02 0.006 0.003 0.000 0.013 0.010 5.4e-02 0.14000 3.6e-01 0.00690 1.4e-02
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0790 0.0280 2.9e-04 0.026 0.027 0.012 NA 0.030 1.3e-03 0.00098 2.3e-02 NA 5.5e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 2.0 3.1 9.9 2.6 2.0 3.1 0.6 2.9 1.3 0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.1
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.2 4.2 2.0 0.7 1.9 -0.9 1.3 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.8
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.4 0.9 3.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 2.0 0.0 -0.4 0.6 0.4 -1.9 -0.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.0 4.8 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 0.9 0.1 1.3 -0.5 1.4 -2.2 0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 2.4 7.4 26.6 2.4 2.6 2.5 0.5 3.3 -0.4 5.2 2.3 1.8 3.0
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.2 3.9 0.4 -0.5 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.3 -1.2 -0.8 -2.0 -1.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.3 0.7 2.8 0.5 -0.8 -0.1 -1.7 -0.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.6 0.8 2.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.1 5.8 1.2 -0.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.8 -1.5 -1.4 -1.9 -2.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.8 4.4 -0.3 -0.0 -0.4 0.9 1.0 0.4 2.1 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.7 4.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.9 2.1 0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.7 3.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 -0.6 1.8 -0.4
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.1 5.6 -0.3 0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.3 0.3 2.4 -1.6
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.9 2.2 5.4 -1.2 -0.2 -2.3 0.0 -2.1 0.4 -1.1 0.8 2.3 -1.8
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.0 1.8 5.7 -1.0 -0.4 -2.4 0.3 -2.0 0.9 -1.0 1.1 1.8 -1.0
Major Depression (MDD) 0.7 0.9 5.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.2 -2.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.9 -1.2 -0.4
Reaction Time 0.3 0.6 2.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.4 1.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 2.7 6.4 19.7 2.6 3.1 2.3 0.5 3.2 -0.2 4.4 2.2 2.1 1.9
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.7 3.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 0.4 0.1 1.9 0.3 -0.4 -1.2
Ovarian Cancer 1.6 2.1 6.4 0.2 -0.5 1.0 -2.3 0.5 1.6 2.5 -0.5 -0.9 1.9
Prostate Cancer 2.2 3.1 6.1 2.4 1.6 2.4 2.2 2.5 0.1 1.5 0.7 -1.9 0.0
Age at First Birth 1.8 2.6 7.6 2.8 1.2 1.9 -0.6 2.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 -2.1 -1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 4.4 4.3 14.1 2.6 1.8 3.8 -1.6 3.4 1.2 1.1 0.0 -0.5 1.3
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.6 0.9 1.9 -1.2 -0.5 -1.3 1.1 -1.2 -0.0 -1.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.9 2.3 6.7 1.4 1.8 2.6 1.2 2.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 -1.3 0.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.7 3.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 1.1 -1.7
Mean Putamen Volume 1.1 1.2 6.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.8 1.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.6 -1.0 1.3 2.5
Fasting Glucose 1.0 1.2 8.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 2.8 -0.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.2
HbA1C 0.6 0.6 2.1 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -1.5 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.4
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.7 0.3 -0.7 0.4 -1.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.3 0.3
LDL Cholesterol 1.6 2.6 12.1 -0.2 1.0 0.2 0.7 0.5 -2.8 3.5 1.8 -0.4 0.2
Lupus 0.7 1.0 3.1 -0.7 -0.3 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 0.1 -1.8 0.5 -0.9 -1.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.1 0.8
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.4 0.5 2.7 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.3 1.6 0.0 1.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.4 1.4 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.7 5.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -2.3 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.5 -0.1
Triglycerides 0.6 0.9 2.3 -1.2 1.0 -0.9 0.4 -1.5 0.1 0.7 1.3 0.2 -1.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 3.6 4.2 11.3 -3.1 -3.4 -2.8 -0.2 -2.6 1.4 -0.9 -1.4 0.0 1.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -1.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.5 3.8 11.2 -1.8 -2.0 -2.8 0.4 -1.8 2.1 -3.4 -0.5 -1.9 -0.6
Blood Platelet Count 1.3 14.7 82.4 -2.6 -1.9 -2.4 3.7 -2.2 9.1 -3.0 -3.1 0.1 -3.4
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.5 4.7 -1.6 -1.5 -2.2 0.3 -1.4 -0.4 1.9 0.1 0.0 -0.4
Blood White Count 0.2 1.6 8.8 -0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -3.0 -1.9
Heel T-Score 0.7 5.3 13.6 -2.8 -2.9 -1.6 -0.3 -3.7 -1.5 -1.5 -3.6 -0.1 1.5
BMI 0.8 4.4 13.1 -2.1 -1.9 -3.0 0.0 -2.6 1.7 -1.2 0.6 -1.7 -3.6
Height 0.2 4.3 16.5 2.3 2.1 1.1 1.8 1.5 -0.5 1.6 2.6 -0.8 -4.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.5 6.9 18.1 -4.2 -3.8 -3.7 1.8 -3.6 -0.1 0.6 -2.3 1.0 -0.3
Systolic Blood Pressure 2.3 11.4 25.3 3.2 3.9 4.1 -3.2 3.0 0.1 1.9 5.0 -2.9 -3.8
Smoking Status 1.0 2.3 6.7 -1.5 -2.6 -2.3 -0.4 -1.9 -0.3 -1.7 -1.1 0.7 -0.0
Allergy or Eczema 1.0 2.7 7.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 2.2 1.3 -2.7 0.9 0.1 -1.2 -2.4
Cardiovascular Disease 1.1 3.7 13.7 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.9 -3.6 -3.7
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.8 4.8 0.9 -0.6 0.4 -1.9 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 1.9 -2.2 -1.6
Respiratory disease 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.7 -0.0 0.9 0.1 -0.4 0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.8 3.3 8.6 -2.9 -1.9 -2.5 0.8 -2.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.1 -1.8
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.2 0.8 2.6 0.7 1.0 -0.0 -0.4 1.1 0.7 0.3 1.6 -0.8 1.2
Lung FVC 0.7 3.7 18.2 -1.8 -0.9 -2.1 1.8 -1.9 1.5 0.2 0.6 4.3 1.2
Neuroticism 0.4 0.8 3.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -1.9 -1.3
Chronotype (morning person) 2.1 4.8 9.9 -1.5 -2.3 -3.0 2.8 -2.0 1.1 -2.0 -1.4 -1.8 -3.1
Hair Pigment 0.4 10.2 38.4 6.2 2.9 4.3 -0.9 4.4 0.9 0.5 -1.6 -3.5 -0.1
Tanning 0.5 6.5 16.3 -3.2 -3.1 -4.0 1.2 -3.3 0.1 -1.9 -1.5 3.1 0.1
Hand grip strength (left) 0.7 1.9 4.7 -1.6 -2.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2 -0.8 -1.8 0.9 -1.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.2 2.1 5.1 2.3 2.2 1.7 0.5 1.6 0.4 -0.4 0.7 -0.4 -2.0
Average weekly spirits intake 1.6 2.0 6.1 -2.2 -1.1 -2.5 0.1 -2.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 1.6 -0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.6 1.1 3.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -2.0 -1.9
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 6.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.7 -1.0 -0.3 -2.6 0.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.7 1.1 2.8 1.6 0.8 1.3 -1.4 1.7 0.2 0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.2
Relative age of first facial hair 0.6 1.2 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.6 0.0 1.1 0.5 1.6 0.8 0.1 0.9
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.0 1.3 6.2 -0.0 1.4 0.4 2.5 0.1 -1.1 1.7 0.7 0.4 0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.0 1.3 3.7 1.4 0.6 1.9 -1.9 1.0 -1.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.8
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.8 5.9 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 2.4 -0.5
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.8 5.1 10.4 2.3 2.6 3.0 -3.2 2.2 0.1 1.6 2.2 -1.9 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.8 0.9 2.4 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 1.6 -0.5 0.9 1.4 -0.1 -0.9 -1.1
Angina 4.7 6.2 15.7 3.3 4.0 3.5 0.4 3.0 -1.3 1.0 3.2 -0.0 -1.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.0 1.1 2.7 1.4 1.1 1.5 -0.4 1.6 0.6 1.0 -0.8 0.4 0.6
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.2 3.0 7.4 -2.2 -2.5 -2.6 -1.5 -2.7 -0.1 -1.1 1.2 -0.2 -0.4
Supplements: Zinc 1.2 1.3 7.7 -0.3 1.1 0.0 0.7 0.5 -2.8 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 0.7 0.8 2.1 1.5 1.1 1.3 0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.9 0.8 -0.2 -0.8
Medication: Metformin 1.9 2.7 5.7 -2.4 -1.7 -2.1 1.5 -2.3 -0.9 0.4 -1.1 0.6 -1.9
Diabetes (father) 2.0 2.5 5.6 -2.0 -2.4 -1.3 1.7 -2.0 1.5 -0.1 -0.9 1.3 1.4
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 4.1 -1.6 -1.5 -1.3 -0.0 -2.0 -0.0 0.2 -0.6 1.3 -0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.2 0.0 0.6 -1.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 4.9 -1.0 -1.8 -2.2 0.8 -1.4 -1.0 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4
Impedance of leg (right) 0.6 2.9 7.1 1.4 1.5 2.7 0.5 2.0 0.2 2.0 1.3 -1.4 2.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.7 20.2 -1.0 -1.1 -2.8 1.6 -1.8 0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.6 -4.5
Trunk fat percentage 1.2 4.8 14.1 2.5 2.5 1.2 2.0 1.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 -3.8 -3.0
Hand grip strength (right) 0.6 1.6 4.2 -0.1 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 1.5 -1.5 -1.9 0.8 -2.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 -1.3 0.7 1.2 0.0 -1.6
Current tobacco smoking 0.8 1.3 3.3 -0.8 -1.8 -1.1 -0.0 -1.7 -1.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.8 1.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.2 1.4 2.1 0.5 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.1 -1.3 1.5 0.9 -1.1 1.4
Maternal smoking around birth 0.7 1.0 2.1 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 -0.7 -0.7 -1.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -1.4
Fed-up feelings 0.2 0.4 1.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 1.1 -0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.5 1.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 2.4 0.9 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.6 -1.5 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 0.8 1.2 3.9 0.2 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.8 -0.1 0.9 2.0
Taking other prescription medications 1.3 2.0 4.6 2.1 2.1 1.5 -0.7 1.7 -0.7 0.7 1.8 -0.0 -1.0
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.4 0.9 4.2 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 1.1 2.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.8 -0.9 -1.1 1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 1.0 3.0 -0.4 -1.5 -0.2 -1.1 -1.6 -0.9 -1.7 -0.0 0.2 -0.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.6 0.8 3.8 -0.9 -1.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 0.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.1 1.3 4.5 0.3 0.8 1.2 -1.3 0.7 -1.2 1.6 2.1 0.2 0.5
High blood pressure 1.0 2.8 6.4 0.2 1.7 1.4 -0.7 0.5 1.1 1.9 2.2 -2.5 -2.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.4 4.5 0.8 0.6 0.3 2.1 0.5 -1.7 0.1 0.4 -0.7 -2.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.8 2.3 6.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.3 2.6 -0.2 0.3 -1.0 -0.5 0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.7 0.9 2.3 1.1 0.3 0.8 -0.7 1.0 0.2 1.1 -1.3 -1.5 -0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.4 1.9 4.5 1.6 1.9 1.3 -0.3 2.1 0.8 1.0 0.2 1.6 1.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 1.4 1.0 -0.3 0.5
Medication: Atenolol 1.0 1.3 5.8 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.5 1.7 -1.0 -2.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.9 3.2 1.2 0.6 1.1 -0.7 0.9 -0.2 1.8 0.7 -0.6 -0.4
Sitting height 0.8 5.4 13.0 3.6 2.8 2.7 0.2 3.4 -1.1 1.3 2.6 -0.5 -2.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.0 0.4 0.5 -1.9 0.2 1.1 0.0 -1.4 -0.2 -0.8
High blood pressure (mother) 0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.3 0.6 0.8 1.1 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.9 -0.4 -1.4
Body mass index (BMI) 0.5 1.9 7.7 -0.5 -0.6 -1.9 0.6 -1.3 1.4 -1.1 0.0 -1.4 -2.8
Impedance of leg (left) 1.0 5.0 11.7 2.2 2.3 3.4 0.6 2.7 0.1 2.6 1.8 -2.7 1.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.9 21.0 -1.1 -1.2 -2.9 1.4 -1.8 0.5 -0.8 0.3 0.6 -4.6
Trunk fat mass 0.8 3.4 12.7 1.7 1.6 0.1 2.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.1 -2.9 -3.6
Waist circumference 0.7 2.7 13.1 -0.7 -1.0 -2.5 1.6 -1.5 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 -3.6
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.2 2.0 5.2 -1.2 -1.7 -1.2 -2.3 -1.1 1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.0 -2.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 2.7 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.5 0.9 0.4 -1.6 0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.7 2.7 7.4 1.9 2.7 1.7 0.9 2.7 -0.8 1.2 0.4 -0.2 1.6
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 2.1 -0.1 -0.3 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.1 -0.7 0.2 0.9 -0.1 1.2 -0.0 -0.1 -1.4 1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.7 1.1 4.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.4 1.4 -0.4 0.4 1.0 -1.8 -2.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.8 2.3 12.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.6 -1.2 1.4 0.3 -3.5 -0.2
Had menopause 2.0 2.5 6.5 2.5 1.7 2.2 -0.7 2.4 -1.3 -0.3 -0.1 1.4 1.0
Had other major operations 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.2 -0.8 0.4 0.2 -1.1 0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.4 3.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 1.7 -1.0 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.6 -1.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.5 2.0 0.5 -0.6 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 1.1
Qualifications: None of the above 1.8 3.9 10.6 -1.2 -1.9 -1.5 -2.7 -2.1 -1.4 -1.9 0.2 -2.0 -3.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.5 2.0 5.9 -1.5 -1.0 -2.4 1.1 -1.8 1.1 -0.5 1.7 -0.2 -1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.8 1.2 3.4 1.5 1.3 1.0 -0.2 1.9 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9 1.5
Heart attack 1.4 1.8 4.8 1.3 1.8 1.7 -0.2 1.3 -0.6 1.4 2.2 0.9 0.9
Allergy 0.3 0.7 2.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -1.5 -0.1 1.6 -0.8 -0.6 0.8 0.8
Pain all over the body in last month 1.4 1.5 6.2 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1 2.5 -1.0 0.9 -0.6 -1.3 0.8 0.7
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.6 1.0 2.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 -1.5 0.3 0.4 -0.8 1.3 0.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 1.2 0.4 -0.6 0.0
Medication: Ramipril 1.6 2.1 4.1 1.4 1.6 2.0 0.5 1.9 -0.3 0.3 2.0 -1.7 -1.0
Medication: Simvastatin 0.9 1.3 4.3 1.4 1.2 2.1 0.6 0.8 1.2 -1.4 0.7 -0.7 0.6
Fluid intelligence score 2.4 4.9 15.8 1.8 3.0 2.1 0.7 2.8 -0.3 4.0 1.4 1.8 1.9
Illnesses of siblings 2.1 2.9 6.0 -1.1 -2.0 -2.4 1.2 -1.9 -0.1 -2.4 -2.3 1.2 0.5
Neuroticism score 0.6 1.3 4.8 0.7 0.1 0.7 2.1 0.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -2.2 -1.2
Weight 0.6 2.8 16.8 -0.0 -0.2 -2.0 1.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.1 0.7 -1.0 -4.1
Impedance of arm (right) 1.9 9.0 17.2 3.8 4.1 3.9 1.9 4.1 -0.8 3.0 2.5 -1.6 2.0
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.8 4.3 1.7 1.4 0.1 1.4 0.9 1.3 0.6 1.1 -2.1 -1.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.8 4.7 12.8 -2.1 -2.2 -3.6 0.7 -2.8 0.8 -1.3 0.2 2.1 -3.2
Hip circumference 0.6 2.4 8.3 2.0 1.9 0.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.1 1.5 -1.3 -2.9
Time employed in main current job 0.8 0.9 3.1 0.8 1.3 1.2 0.2 1.8 0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.5 2.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.5 -1.6 -0.3
Father’s age at death 0.6 0.8 3.0 0.7 0.9 1.0 -0.4 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.4 0.8 2.7 0.4 -0.6 0.3 1.7 -0.1 1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -1.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.3 0.1 -0.2 1.4 0.0 -1.1 0.6 0.4 -0.1 1.2
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 3.4 -0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 1.8 -0.7 0.4 0.8 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.4 0.6 2.5 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 0.2 0.9 1.6 -0.7
Number of live births 1.0 1.5 4.3 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 0.9 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 -0.5 -0.4 2.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.3 1.1 2.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.5 1.2 -0.8 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.9 -1.5
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.0 -0.1 1.0
Happiness 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.9 -0.0 0.1 0.6 0.9 -1.4 -0.4 0.1 0.9 -0.0
Noisy workplace 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -1.1 -0.4 -1.3 0.0
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.8 1.9 4.0 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.8 -0.6 2.0 1.1 0.8 2.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.3 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.3 -1.1 1.0 0.9 0.0 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.6
Asthma 0.3 0.7 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.8 -0.2 1.1 0.9 -0.8 -0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.8 1.2 4.5 1.1 1.4 2.1 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 1.2 1.0 -0.6
Depression (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 4.0 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.0 0.6 -0.2 1.2 -2.0 -1.2
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.4 3.8 -1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -0.2 -1.9 1.0 -1.6 -0.9 1.1 0.1
Prospective memory result 2.2 2.7 10.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.2 1.0 -3.3 -1.9 -1.4 -2.6
Lung cancer (father) 2.9 3.4 9.5 -2.0 -3.0 -2.5 0.5 -3.1 -0.2 -1.8 -1.2 -0.5 -0.6
Illnesses of mother 1.0 1.2 6.0 0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -1.2 2.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 1.1 2.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 1.6 0.0 1.3 0.7 1.6 1.0 -1.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.2 1.4 5.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.4 1.2 -1.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -2.4
Impedance of arm (left) 2.0 9.2 19.2 3.8 4.1 4.2 1.3 4.4 -1.5 3.0 2.1 -2.3 1.5
Arm fat mass (right) 0.4 1.7 7.5 0.9 0.6 -0.7 1.4 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.6 -1.8 -2.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.9 4.9 13.6 -2.2 -2.3 -3.7 0.7 -2.9 0.8 -1.4 0.2 2.1 -3.2
Standing height 0.3 2.6 9.3 1.2 0.9 -0.1 2.7 0.8 -0.4 1.7 1.8 0.7 -3.0
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 2.7 0.7 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 0.2 -1.6 -1.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.9 1.0 4.6 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -2.2 -0.9 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 -1.1
Breastfed as a baby 1.1 1.3 4.1 -1.3 0.0 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 -2.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.3
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 1.0 2.5 1.2 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -1.6 -1.0 -0.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.0 7.3 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.5 -2.7 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.0 2.5 13.8 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.9 -2.1 0.6 -3.7
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.0 3.3 -0.7 -0.5 -1.8 1.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.6 2.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.8 -0.6 -1.7
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.8 2.0 -1.3 -1.0 -1.1 1.4 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.8 0.9 2.2 -1.2 0.3 -1.5 1.1 -1.2 -1.1 0.0 0.8 1.0 -0.2
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 3.9 0.9 0.4 0.9 -2.0 0.8 -1.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.6 -0.5
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.7 2.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.8 1.4 1.5 0.8 0.3 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 3.3 4.2 14.7 -3.8 -1.9 -3.0 0.0 -3.2 -0.6 0.5 0.4 1.5 -1.3
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.5 0.7 3.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -0.9 0.4 1.8 -0.5 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 3.0 0.1 0.5 -0.1 1.5 0.0 0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7 -1.7
Headache pain in last month 1.2 2.0 8.4 1.2 0.2 0.4 2.9 1.2 -1.8 0.4 -1.2 -2.1 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.6 0.9 3.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.5 1.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 5.1 -0.4 0.5 0.1 -1.3 0.1 1.4 0.4 2.3 0.3 0.3
Gout (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 4.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.1 1.8 2.1
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.7 1.3 3.6 1.3 -0.4 0.9 -1.9 0.2 -0.8 0.8 1.1 -1.7 -1.4
Medication: Amlodipine 0.5 0.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.0 -1.6 0.9 0.7 -0.2 -0.6
Birth weight 0.3 0.6 1.9 0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.8 0.5 -1.0 1.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.8 2.0 8.9 0.1 0.9 0.5 -2.0 0.2 0.1 2.4 3.0 0.4 0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.7 2.4 6.1 0.7 1.4 1.5 -0.9 1.2 -0.4 2.5 2.3 -2.3 -0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.5 1.7 3.9 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 2.0 -0.9 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.8 -1.8
Body fat percentage 1.0 4.0 11.8 2.4 2.1 0.9 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.4 -3.4 -2.8
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.2 3.5 1.2 0.5 -0.2 0.9 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.7 -1.9 -1.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.8 4.2 17.6 -2.0 -1.7 -3.0 0.4 -2.4 0.7 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -4.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.6 0.9 4.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.6 0.1 -1.4 0.5 0.4 -2.1
Comparative body size at age 10 1.3 3.6 19.6 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2 2.3 -2.4 -0.0 -1.8 -4.4
Number of full brothers 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.0 -1.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.9 -0.0 0.9 -0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.5 0.9 6.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.1 2.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 -0.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 0.8 2.2 1.0 1.3 1.5 -0.1 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.3 -1.2 0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.1 2.0 4.9 2.1 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.4 -1.1 1.2 1.4 0.3 -0.7
Number of children fathered 0.9 1.0 3.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 -1.9 -0.4 1.4 -1.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.1 1.2 3.2 1.4 0.7 1.8 0.2 1.0 -1.8 -0.7 -1.0 0.8 0.8
Age at first live birth 0.9 1.5 6.2 0.2 0.9 0.4 -0.6 1.4 1.8 0.8 -0.5 2.5 1.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.2 1.4 5.0 0.9 1.2 1.4 -1.0 1.2 -1.1 0.4 0.8 0.2 2.2
Health satisfaction 1.2 1.6 4.8 1.7 0.7 0.7 1.8 1.5 -0.2 0.8 -0.0 -1.0 -2.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.9 1.1 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 0.5 0.6 -1.0 0.6 1.4 -0.9 -0.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.0 3.3 7.1 1.6 2.1 2.4 0.9 2.3 -0.1 1.8 1.3 1.4 2.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.9 1.1 4.1 1.4 1.1 2.0 0.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.2 1.4 5.6 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -1.9 -0.6 -1.5 -0.2 1.2 2.4 -1.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.6 0.6 3.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 1.4 -0.1 0.1 1.7
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 3.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.0 0.4 0.3 1.1 1.9
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.6 0.9 4.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.2 -1.1 -0.0 0.5 -2.1 -0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.3 0.8 1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.8
Angina (self-reported) 4.8 6.3 15.8 3.4 4.0 3.4 0.7 3.1 -1.3 1.0 3.0 -0.1 -1.4
Migraine (self-reported) 1.9 2.4 5.3 -2.3 -0.9 -2.3 2.3 -1.7 0.8 0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.7 0.8
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 1.2 0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.5 3.7 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -1.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.9
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.0 -0.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.7
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 8.5 0.9 0.6 0.7 -0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 -2.9
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.3 1.6 5.1 1.4 2.2 1.7 0.8 1.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -1.6 -0.4
Whole body fat mass 0.7 2.9 11.9 1.7 1.4 0.0 1.7 0.8 1.2 0.7 1.1 -2.3 -3.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.5 1.7 8.8 0.7 0.2 -0.9 1.4 -0.2 1.5 0.0 0.7 -1.7 -3.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.9 4.5 18.2 -2.2 -1.9 -3.1 0.5 -2.5 0.9 -1.1 -0.1 0.6 -4.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.8 2.8 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 1.7 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.0 2.3 15.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 1.3 -3.9 -1.8
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.8 11.5 -0.2 -0.3 -1.3 1.5 0.3 -0.1 1.3 0.8 0.1 -3.4
Number of full sisters 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.4 -0.9 0.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.7 1.1 4.9 0.5 -0.7 1.0 0.3 0.7 1.2 -0.8 -0.1 -2.2 -1.2
Overall health rating 0.2 0.5 1.8 0.1 0.5 -0.3 1.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.0 0.7 0.6 -1.0
Chest pain or discomfort 2.2 3.2 9.1 1.5 3.0 1.1 2.0 1.4 -1.4 2.4 2.2 -0.8 -0.8
Had major operations 1.1 1.3 4.9 0.6 1.4 0.1 -0.2 0.7 -1.2 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.0
Age at last live birth 0.7 1.1 3.1 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.4 0.4 0.8 -0.2 1.4 1.8
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 0.9 4.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 2.1 -0.1 -1.6 0.1 -1.1 0.4 -0.7
Leg pain on walking 0.6 0.8 4.3 0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 -2.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.6 1.9 5.2 -1.4 -1.8 -2.0 1.1 -2.3 0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -0.2 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.2 1.4 5.8 -1.6 -0.7 -1.0 0.9 -1.1 0.2 -1.0 -2.4 -0.4 0.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.7 0.8 3.5 0.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 0.5 -1.3 -1.9 0.4 0.7
Medication: Aspirin 2.1 2.8 6.6 2.1 2.3 2.6 0.8 1.7 -0.6 1.0 1.2 -1.3 -1.9
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.1 1.3 3.1 0.5 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.0 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 4.4 0.9 0.8 -0.5 0.4 -0.0 2.1 -0.6 -1.3 0.4 -1.9
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.7 2.0 5.4 0.1 1.5 1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.8 1.6 1.6 -2.3 -2.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.7 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.7 -0.6 1.6 -1.1 -0.5 0.5 0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 3.0 4.2 15.1 3.0 3.9 2.8 -0.5 2.7 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.3 -0.9
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.1 1.3 3.7 -1.1 -0.8 -1.0 -0.0 -0.9 1.9 0.8 0.3 1.4 -1.8
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 3.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1 -0.1 0.6 -1.5 0.1 1.0 -1.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.7 4.9 0.9 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.0 -0.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.6 15.8 -1.8 -1.9 -3.5 1.1 -2.6 0.7 -1.1 0.2 1.4 -4.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.7 22.8 -0.9 -0.8 -2.7 1.6 -1.6 0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.2 -4.8
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 6.5 1.4 1.3 0.0 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.8 -2.6 -2.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.5 0.8 3.6 0.5 0.2 0.5 -1.1 0.8 -0.1 1.1 1.9 0.5 0.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.6 0.8 2.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.3 1.5 1.3
Mood swings 0.2 0.4 2.2 0.3 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 -1.5 -0.4
Loneliness, isolation 1.2 1.7 4.5 -1.7 -0.5 -2.1 2.1 -1.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 -0.7 0.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.5 0.7 2.3 1.4 1.5 1.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.9 0.7 0.6 0.1 -0.6
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.6 3.8 -0.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.4 1.9 -0.0
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.5 4.8 -1.9 -1.6 -1.8 0.4 -2.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.6 0.6 2.3 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.5 -1.5 1.4 -0.3 0.7 -0.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 3.6 5.7 16.4 4.0 3.4 2.4 1.5 4.0 1.2 1.0 -0.2 1.0 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.1 1.2 4.3 0.7 1.4 1.5 -0.9 1.0 0.4 0.8 2.1 0.7 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.0 0.6 -1.5 0.5 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.2 3.7 1.7 0.6 1.9 0.3 1.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -1.9 0.0
Medication for cholesterol 1.2 1.8 5.2 -0.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.2 -0.6 -1.7 -0.9 -0.7 1.5 2.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 -1.7 -0.8
Back pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.1 4.2 -0.8 0.2 -1.2 0.4 -1.4 0.8 -0.3 1.3 0.5 -2.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.5 2.1 6.5 -1.6 -2.0 -1.6 1.3 -2.5 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -1.6 0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 4.6 2.1 1.6 1.1 -0.2 1.6 -0.1 -1.4 -0.5 0.7 -1.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.3 2.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 0.8 1.1 -0.3 1.4 1.3 -0.9 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.1 0.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.0 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -1.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.1 1.5 6.8 0.6 1.2 -0.6 1.1 -0.0 2.1 -0.3 0.1 0.6 -2.6
Medication: Aspirin 1.5 2.0 5.2 1.6 1.6 2.0 0.4 1.3 -0.4 1.3 0.8 -1.2 -2.3
Medication: Gliclazide 2.0 2.3 7.3 -2.2 -1.9 -2.1 0.7 -2.7 -1.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 2.4 3.0 9.9 -2.0 -3.2 -2.8 1.5 -2.4 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7
Smoking status: Current 0.8 1.3 3.7 -0.8 -1.9 -1.2 0.4 -1.6 -0.7 0.7 -0.7 -0.6 1.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.5 1.2 4.0 -0.6 -0.4 -1.6 1.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.3 0.3 2.0 -0.5
Whole body water mass 0.8 4.3 15.9 -1.7 -1.7 -3.3 1.1 -2.4 0.7 -1.1 0.2 1.3 -4.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.7 3.7 21.8 -0.9 -0.9 -2.8 1.6 -1.6 0.4 -0.7 0.2 0.1 -4.7
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.7 8.4 0.5 0.5 -1.0 1.3 -0.2 1.4 -0.0 0.6 -1.7 -2.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.3 2.2 5.8 0.9 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.8 2.0 2.4 -2.0 -1.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.6 0.8 2.5 -0.4 1.1 -0.3 1.4 -0.1 0.4 -1.6 -0.4 1.2 0.5
Miserableness 1.0 1.7 6.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.9 1.5 -2.6 -1.5
Guilty feelings 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.8 -0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 1.4 -0.5 -1.5 0.6 -0.9
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.2 1.4 4.8 2.1 1.0 1.0 0.6 2.2 1.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.1 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.0 1.1 2.5 -1.2 -1.6 -1.5 -0.4 -1.3 1.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.7
Hearing aid user 0.7 0.8 3.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.1 0.0 1.8
Mother’s age at death 0.5 0.7 3.9 0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.3 -1.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 2.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.3 1.6 4.1 2.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 1.9 -1.5 -1.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 -1.0 1.0 -1.3 1.8 0.4 0.0 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.7 -0.2 0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 2.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.6 1.2 0.6 1.6 0.1 -0.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.6 4.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.5 1.4 -0.6 1.1 1.3 1.4 -2.0 -2.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.6 0.7 3.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -1.9 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.2 1.5 3.7 1.4 1.7 1.4 -0.8 1.9 0.1 -0.5 0.6 0.3 -1.8
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.7 1.2 5.6 1.2 0.3 1.5 0.5 0.7 1.3 -2.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.5 0.8 3.9 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.5 2.0 0.6 1.1 -0.4 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.8 3.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -1.5 -0.8 -2.0
Medication: Lisinopril 1.1 1.5 4.2 -1.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -2.1 0.9 1.1 1.6 0.4 0.5
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.1 1.3 4.1 -1.4 -0.7 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.9 2.0 1.6 1.4 -0.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.8 0.9 3.3 0.9 1.4 1.8 0.1 1.0 0.2 -0.1 0.5 -1.0 1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.8 -0.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.1
Ever smoked 0.2 0.3 1.8 0.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 1.4 0.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 4.1 17.1 -1.5 -1.5 -3.2 1.3 -2.2 1.0 -0.8 0.3 0.7 -4.1
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 6.5 1.4 0.8 0.1 1.0 0.6 1.5 0.7 0.9 -2.5 -2.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.8 12.7 -1.7 -1.5 -3.1 0.8 -2.4 1.6 -0.7 0.4 0.9 -3.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.6 0.9 2.3 -0.5 1.2 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 1.4 1.1 1.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.5 2.1 5.0 -1.8 -2.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.7 0.7 -1.2 -2.0 -0.2 -0.4
Irritability 0.4 0.6 3.2 0.1 0.4 -0.3 1.8 0.6 0.6 -0.2 -1.3 0.8 0.3
Risk taking 1.1 1.6 7.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 -1.7 1.4 2.7 0.3 1.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 0.9 3.0 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.7 1.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.8 -0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.5 0.7 2.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 0.1 1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 1.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.8 4.5 2.1 1.7 1.4 -1.0 1.5 -1.6 -0.1 1.1 -0.6 0.9
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.7 6.3 0.2 1.0 1.3 -2.0 0.0 -0.7 0.9 0.9 -2.5 -1.3
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.5 0.6 3.5 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.5 1.9 0.4 1.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.9 1.0 3.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.9 1.7 0.4 -0.9 1.3 1.8
Myopia 1.1 1.6 4.8 -1.2 -1.1 -0.8 2.2 0.1 0.5 0.7 -1.9 -1.0 -1.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.3 3.6 9.6 -0.9 -2.6 -1.9 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -2.0 -3.1 2.0 2.6
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.1 3.6 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 1.1 -0.3 1.9 -0.9 0.1 -1.7 -1.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 3.1 0.6 0.4 0.2 1.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.8
Pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 2.9 -0.3 0.1 0.9 -1.1 0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.5 1.7 1.4
Supplements: Calcium 0.9 1.0 3.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.1 1.8 0.8 0.9 -0.8 1.2 -0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 1.0 -0.8 1.4
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.3 1.7 4.9 1.3 1.7 1.6 -0.1 1.2 -0.6 1.3 2.2 0.8 0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 3.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 1.0 1.8 -0.6 -0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 0.8 1.0 2.0 0.6 1.0 1.3 -0.6 1.2 0.1 1.1 1.4 1.1 -0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.7 0.8 4.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.3 -1.2 -0.6 -2.2 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.9 1.3 4.2 -1.0 -1.9 -2.0 1.0 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.2
Impedance of whole body 1.6 8.0 17.7 3.2 3.4 4.2 1.1 3.8 -0.8 3.0 1.9 -2.9 1.7
Leg fat mass (left) 0.6 2.2 11.0 0.8 0.4 -0.8 1.5 -0.0 1.4 0.1 0.7 -2.1 -3.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.6 12.0 -1.6 -1.6 -3.0 0.5 -2.4 1.3 -0.9 0.5 1.1 -3.5