Hub : Genes

MET

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0770 0.0240 5.2e-06 0.073 0.048 0.066 0.053 0.072 3.2e-09 1.5e-06 2.0e-08 5.0e-07 4.5e-09
2 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.2120 0.0510 8.2e-08 0.226 NA 0.193 NA 0.218 1.1e-12 NA 7.2e-11 NA 3.0e-12
3 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1321 0.0405 2.3e-06 0.108 NA 0.078 NA 0.095 8.4e-09 NA 1.0e-06 NA 6.4e-08
4 GTEx Brain Caudate basal ganglia 0.3850 0.0780 6.0e-08 0.346 NA 0.304 NA 0.291 9.4e-11 NA 2.1e-09 NA 5.1e-09
5 GTEx Brain Putamen basal ganglia 0.2090 0.0750 2.3e-03 0.122 NA 0.004 NA 0.055 8.3e-04 NA 2.5e-01 NA 2.0e-02
6 GTEx Testis 0.6820 0.0840 3.5e-04 -0.006 NA -0.006 NA -0.002 8.0e-01 NA 7.8e-01 NA 4.0e-01
7 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0686 0.0267 4.7e-04 0.018 0.019 0.019 0.023 0.019 2.2e-03 1.4e-03 1.4e-03 5.5e-04 1.3e-03
8 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0587 0.0241 9.6e-08 0.082 0.070 0.078 NA 0.075 1.4e-09 2.1e-08 3.3e-09 NA 7.7e-09
9 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0848 0.0338 2.3e-06 0.017 0.065 0.054 NA 0.049 6.4e-03 2.3e-07 2.5e-06 NA 7.6e-06
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0520 0.0300 1.8e-03 0.066 0.025 0.058 NA 0.067 5.6e-07 1.6e-03 2.5e-06 NA 4.4e-07

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.8 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.4 -0.9 -1.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.6 1.5 5.7 0.5 2.0 1.6 0.7 0.4 2.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 2.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.4 -1.5 -0.9 0.0 0.3 -0.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.3 3.4 10.9 0.9 -3.3 -3.0 1.1 1.1 -2.1 1.0 1.1 -2.0 -0.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.5 4.6 7.0 -2.2 2.3 2.5 -2.4 -2.3 0.1 -2.0 -2.5 2.6 1.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.4 1.0 3.0 0.8 -1.7 -1.7 0.7 0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.8
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.7 1.5 5.6 -0.0 2.1 1.8 -0.1 -0.2 2.4 -0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 4.0 5.2 8.7 -2.7 2.1 2.1 -2.9 -2.9 0.6 -2.1 -2.3 1.9 2.3
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 2.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.7 -1.4 -0.6 0.2 0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.7 -0.0 -1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 2.5 0.4 -1.6 -1.6 0.4 0.3 -1.2 0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.1 -1.3 -1.2 0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -1.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.1 3.0 1.1 -1.1 -1.1 1.3 1.2 0.2 -0.0 1.0 0.7 -1.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 1.4 -0.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.9 1.7 3.7 -1.9 0.5 0.7 -1.5 -1.7 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 0.9 1.1
Major Depression (MDD) 0.9 1.1 3.4 -0.6 -1.9 -1.6 -0.3 -0.6 -1.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4
Reaction Time 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.7 -0.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 1.0 2.4 6.4 -1.4 1.5 1.6 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.6 2.5 1.1
Breast Cancer 1.2 2.9 6.3 2.3 -1.4 -1.4 2.1 2.2 -2.5 0.4 1.9 -0.4 -0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.4 -1.0 -1.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 -1.1
Prostate Cancer 0.6 0.8 3.4 -0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -1.0 -0.8 1.8 1.1
Age at First Birth 1.0 1.5 4.5 0.4 2.1 1.9 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.1 2.0 -1.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.7 0.7 2.9 0.5 -1.1 -0.9 0.6 0.4 -0.2 1.7 0.4 -1.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.5 2.1 3.6 1.4 -1.8 -1.9 1.6 1.5 -1.0 0.8 1.9 -1.4 -0.3
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.9 2.3 5.6 1.3 -2.2 -2.1 1.1 1.2 2.4 1.0 0.8 -1.1 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.1 1.8 4.0 1.4 -2.0 -1.8 1.4 1.5 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.5 -1.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.7 1.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.0 -1.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7 1.2
Fasting Glucose 0.4 0.5 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 -1.4 -1.0
HbA1C 0.7 0.8 1.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.8 -1.2 -1.2
HDL Cholesterol 6.9 11.5 16.4 -3.8 3.1 3.2 -3.9 -4.1 -1.9 -3.6 -3.7 2.7 3.4
LDL Cholesterol 1.5 2.3 4.9 1.7 -0.8 -1.1 1.6 1.5 -1.2 2.0 1.8 -2.2 -0.7
Lupus 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -0.0 1.0 -1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 1.4 2.0 5.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.2 -1.6 -1.7 -0.6 -2.3 -1.9 1.4 1.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.7 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 1.5
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.2 2.6 11.1 -0.7 2.2 2.1 -0.8 -0.8 3.3 -0.6 -0.6 1.7 0.5
Triglycerides 6.1 10.0 12.4 3.5 -3.2 -3.3 3.4 3.4 0.4 3.2 3.1 -3.3 -3.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.9 1.0 2.0 0.4 1.3 1.3 -0.0 -0.2 0.9 -1.4 -0.5 1.4 -1.4
Ulcerative Colitis 1.7 2.5 5.3 -2.3 0.6 1.0 -2.1 -2.1 0.4 -1.1 -2.3 1.2 1.2
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.5 3.0 -0.4 0.9 0.9 -0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.0 -0.0 0.5 1.7
Blood Platelet Count 1.8 21.2 41.0 -6.4 -0.6 -0.1 -6.4 -6.3 2.9 -1.8 -5.5 -2.9 6.4
Blood Red Count 0.2 2.4 5.3 1.7 2.3 2.0 1.5 1.6 -0.3 0.6 1.6 1.3 -1.3
Blood White Count 0.6 4.5 8.9 -3.0 -0.2 -0.1 -2.7 -3.0 1.7 -1.0 -2.3 -1.4 2.9
Heel T-Score 1.1 9.0 16.4 -3.3 3.8 4.0 -2.8 -3.2 -0.3 -3.6 -2.8 2.9 1.1
BMI 1.0 5.5 9.2 2.8 -2.7 -2.9 2.9 2.9 -1.2 1.3 3.0 -1.5 -0.6
Height 0.5 8.9 24.0 2.3 -4.9 -4.7 1.9 2.3 -0.0 3.8 2.1 -2.7 1.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 0.8 1.6 1.1 -0.8 -0.8 1.3 1.2 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.7 -1.2
Systolic Blood Pressure 3.0 15.1 25.5 3.6 -4.5 -4.6 3.8 3.5 -1.3 4.9 3.5 -5.0 -2.8
Smoking Status 3.1 7.3 21.5 1.9 -4.6 -4.4 2.3 2.0 -0.3 2.5 2.4 -2.7 0.1
Allergy or Eczema 3.0 7.9 15.7 -3.7 2.2 2.4 -4.0 -3.8 -0.1 -1.7 -3.3 0.2 3.1
Cardiovascular Disease 3.9 12.9 27.0 3.4 -5.1 -5.2 3.5 3.4 -1.8 3.1 3.3 -2.9 -2.8
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.4 0.9 4.2 -0.2 2.0 1.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.2 0.8 -0.7
Respiratory disease 3.2 7.2 11.4 -2.9 2.6 2.7 -3.4 -3.1 0.2 -2.6 -3.1 1.4 3.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.1 2.0 9.8 0.7 -3.1 -2.7 0.9 0.7 -1.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 -0.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 4.9 24.8 47.5 5.7 -6.9 -6.6 5.7 6.0 -0.8 3.4 5.1 -2.6 -3.6
Lung FVC 0.3 1.7 3.8 -1.6 0.7 0.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9 -0.5 -1.4 0.3 1.5
Neuroticism 0.4 0.9 2.9 -0.2 -1.7 -1.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -1.7 -0.5 0.6 0.1
Chronotype (morning person) 1.8 4.1 6.5 -2.2 2.3 2.2 -2.1 -2.2 -2.3 -2.6 -1.8 1.0 0.7
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.8 4.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.6 2.0 0.4 0.2 -1.2 -1.0
Tanning 0.0 0.4 2.0 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 1.4 0.7 0.8 -0.4 0.1
Hand grip strength (left) 1.0 2.6 8.7 1.4 0.7 0.5 1.2 1.5 -1.8 2.2 1.4 -3.0 -0.5
Number of treatments/medications taken 3.7 6.6 11.7 2.6 -3.4 -3.4 2.5 2.6 0.7 2.8 2.5 -2.6 -1.3
Average weekly spirits intake 1.3 1.7 3.8 0.8 -1.8 -1.9 0.5 0.6 -0.1 1.4 0.9 -1.9 1.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.8 1.3 4.2 0.8 -2.0 -2.1 1.0 0.6 -1.2 -0.1 0.9 -0.5 -0.6
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.8 3.0 -0.1 -1.7 -1.5 0.0 -0.0 -1.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.0 1.5 3.3 1.4 -0.8 -1.0 1.5 1.4 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.3 -1.8
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.9 2.3 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.2 -0.1 1.5 -1.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.7 0.9 2.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.2 -1.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.5 -0.2 0.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.0 -1.2 -1.3 0.9 1.0 -1.1 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.5
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.0 1.1 2.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.6 1.2 -1.5 -1.2
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 3.8 11.1 24.1 3.0 -3.4 -3.6 3.1 2.9 -0.6 4.9 3.0 -4.9 -1.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.2 1.3 2.7 1.2 -0.8 -1.0 1.6 1.3 -0.3 1.0 1.4 0.2 -1.5
Angina 1.0 1.3 3.6 0.9 -1.9 -1.9 1.0 0.9 -0.4 1.2 1.0 -0.8 0.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.6 1.7 4.8 -1.4 0.7 0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -2.2 -1.5 -1.2 -0.0 1.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 4.1 5.5 14.1 -2.4 3.8 3.7 -1.9 -2.4 0.6 -2.5 -1.9 1.2 -0.7
Supplements: Zinc 5.9 6.4 15.7 2.5 -2.6 -2.6 2.5 2.4 -4.0 2.7 2.0 -0.7 -2.4
Medication: Co-codamol 1.0 1.2 2.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.6 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 -1.6 -1.5
Medication: Metformin 1.3 1.8 6.8 1.1 -2.6 -2.4 1.1 1.0 -1.1 -0.2 0.7 0.5 -0.8
Diabetes (father) 0.7 0.9 4.8 0.0 -0.8 -0.6 0.4 0.0 -2.2 0.7 0.0 -1.4 -0.8
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.5 0.4 -1.0 0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.8
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.9 4.0 0.6 -2.0 -1.9 0.6 0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.4 1.8 4.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.7 -0.8 0.5 2.1 -2.1
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.4 7.3 15.4 2.4 -3.8 -3.9 2.4 2.4 -2.4 2.5 2.7 -2.6 0.3
Trunk fat percentage 1.3 5.3 8.8 2.7 -2.5 -2.6 3.0 2.9 1.1 1.3 2.8 -0.6 -2.2
Hand grip strength (right) 0.8 2.2 4.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.5 -1.5 2.0 1.4 -2.1 -0.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.8 3.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 -1.8 -0.4 1.2 0.9
Current tobacco smoking 1.8 3.0 7.5 1.2 -2.7 -2.7 1.6 1.3 -0.2 1.6 1.8 -2.0 -0.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.5 0.5 1.3 -1.1 0.2 0.2 -1.1 -1.0 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2 0.4
Maternal smoking around birth 2.5 3.6 8.3 1.4 -2.9 -2.9 1.6 1.3 0.8 1.5 1.4 -1.8 -2.2
Fed-up feelings 0.9 1.7 4.1 1.2 -2.0 -2.0 1.2 1.3 -1.6 -0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.6
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.9 2.6 7.4 1.2 -2.7 -2.7 1.3 1.3 -1.7 0.5 1.5 -1.0 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 0.5 0.8 2.8 -0.0 1.2 1.3 0.1 0.3 1.7 -0.1 -0.3 1.0 -0.9
Taking other prescription medications 2.6 4.0 5.9 2.0 -2.3 -2.4 2.2 1.9 -0.3 1.8 2.2 -2.2 -1.9
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.1 0.3 1.0 -0.0 0.8 1.0 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 -0.5
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.8 1.9 2.5 -1.6 0.9 1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 1.4 1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.9 1.0 2.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.0 -1.3 -1.0 -0.3 -1.6 -1.0 0.8 1.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.9 2.5 7.8 -1.2 1.2 1.2 -1.6 -1.5 0.8 -1.9 -1.4 1.1 2.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.3 1.6 3.6 -1.9 0.8 1.0 -1.7 -1.8 -0.3 -0.8 -1.7 -0.9 0.5
High blood pressure 4.0 11.1 22.6 3.0 -4.8 -4.7 3.3 3.0 -2.1 2.6 3.2 -2.9 -2.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 2.9 6.3 12.8 -3.4 1.8 2.0 -3.6 -3.5 -0.4 -1.8 -3.1 0.5 2.6
Multivitamins +/- minerals 2.5 3.2 9.7 1.4 -3.1 -3.0 1.2 1.5 -2.1 1.1 1.0 -0.3 0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.7 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.1 4.0 7.8 1.8 -2.7 -2.8 1.8 1.7 0.9 2.4 1.4 -2.5 -1.0
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.4 1.2 -1.8 -1.7 1.1 1.1 0.0 0.9 0.6 -0.6 -1.6
Medication: Atenolol 9.1 11.4 21.8 3.5 -4.7 -4.7 3.7 3.6 -0.4 3.1 3.3 -2.4 -2.4
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.5 0.9 2.1 -0.1 1.5 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 -1.2 0.5 1.4 -0.5
Sitting height 0.3 2.1 4.0 0.9 -2.0 -1.9 0.6 0.9 -0.2 1.8 1.2 -1.9 1.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.2 1.4 2.4 -1.4 0.8 0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 0.6 0.2
High blood pressure (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.6 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2
Body mass index (BMI) 2.1 8.8 14.4 3.1 -3.6 -3.8 3.5 3.2 -1.1 2.4 3.5 -2.5 -1.8
Impedance of leg (left) 0.4 1.9 5.5 -0.1 1.7 1.8 -0.2 -0.0 1.9 -1.5 -0.6 2.3 -1.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.3 7.1 14.8 2.3 -3.7 -3.9 2.3 2.3 -2.5 2.5 2.6 -2.6 0.3
Trunk fat mass 1.8 7.8 13.2 3.1 -3.5 -3.6 3.4 3.3 0.2 2.0 3.3 -1.5 -1.8
Waist circumference 2.8 10.4 16.1 3.5 -3.8 -4.0 3.8 3.6 -0.7 3.0 3.7 -2.5 -2.0
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.3 0.4 2.1 -0.1 0.9 0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.4
Past tobacco smoking 2.2 4.0 13.7 -1.2 3.7 3.5 -1.5 -1.2 -1.0 -1.9 -1.2 1.7 0.2
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.7 2.7 -0.1 1.4 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.0 1.6 0.2
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0 -1.3 -0.3 0.5 -0.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.4 5.2 0.4 -2.2 -2.3 0.6 0.4 -0.9 0.9 0.8 -1.2 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.6 2.5 9.3 1.1 -3.1 -2.7 1.4 1.3 0.2 1.0 0.8 0.1 -1.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.8 1.0 1.8 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 1.0 1.3
Had menopause 0.8 1.0 1.9 1.2 -1.1 -1.0 1.4 1.3 0.2 1.0 1.2 0.0 -1.0
Had other major operations 1.5 1.9 4.0 2.0 -0.6 -0.9 1.8 1.9 -0.3 -0.0 1.7 0.1 -1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.7 2.7 6.4 -1.8 1.0 1.2 -2.1 -1.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.9 0.7 2.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.9 4.3 5.5 -2.4 2.0 2.2 -2.3 -2.2 -1.3 -2.0 -2.3 1.6 2.3
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.7 2.0 7.0 1.1 -2.6 -2.6 1.3 1.1 -0.7 0.7 1.1 -0.6 -0.3
Qualifications: None of the above 2.4 5.2 11.0 2.0 -3.3 -3.1 2.1 2.2 0.9 2.2 1.8 -2.8 -1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 3.4 0.2 -1.8 -1.8 0.2 0.1 -0.9 0.0 0.3 -1.1 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.3 1.9 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.1
Heart attack 0.6 0.8 2.6 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 0.9 -0.7 0.1 1.6
Allergy 2.3 5.3 11.0 3.0 -1.2 -1.5 3.3 3.1 -0.5 1.6 2.9 -0.6 -2.9
Pain all over the body in last month 1.5 1.6 6.9 -1.3 -0.2 0.1 -1.3 -1.2 -2.6 -1.0 -1.6 0.5 0.3
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.4 2.2 8.4 1.0 -2.9 -2.7 1.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.4 0.9 0.2 -1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 4.4 5.9 9.9 -2.9 1.7 1.8 -3.1 -3.0 -1.9 -2.8 -2.7 1.4 2.1
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7
Medication: Simvastatin 5.7 8.4 14.8 3.1 -3.6 -3.9 2.8 2.9 0.5 2.7 2.8 -2.0 -3.2
Fluid intelligence score 3.4 7.1 11.4 -2.8 2.0 2.2 -3.0 -2.9 -0.8 -3.3 -3.3 3.4 1.8
Illnesses of siblings 1.5 2.1 4.3 -1.5 1.6 1.7 -1.1 -1.4 -0.4 -1.8 -1.0 2.1 1.3
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.0 4.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 -2.1 -0.8 0.8 0.3
Weight 2.3 11.2 19.6 3.5 -4.2 -4.4 3.7 3.6 -1.3 3.0 3.9 -2.8 -1.1
Impedance of arm (right) 2.7 12.7 20.9 -3.2 4.0 4.2 -3.4 -3.2 3.2 -3.9 -3.7 4.6 1.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.8 3.7 1.4 -1.8 -1.9 1.6 1.5 0.6 0.1 1.6 -0.1 -0.9
Trunk fat-free mass 1.9 11.1 20.7 3.0 -4.4 -4.5 3.0 3.0 -2.9 3.5 3.3 -3.5 0.3
Hip circumference 1.7 7.1 11.5 3.0 -2.8 -3.1 3.2 3.0 -1.3 2.4 3.4 -2.1 -1.5
Time employed in main current job 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.4 2.3 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.8 -1.5 -0.8 0.6 0.4
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.5 0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 0.4
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.1 2.4 -0.8 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 1.1 1.5
Falls in the last year 0.9 1.2 3.3 0.9 -1.1 -1.2 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.9 -1.0 -1.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.6 2.4 5.8 1.5 -1.0 -1.1 1.5 1.4 -1.1 2.4 1.6 -2.1 -1.0
Number of live births 1.2 1.7 3.4 0.8 -1.6 -1.6 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.8 0.9 -1.5 -0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.4 1.4 4.2 -1.1 -0.0 0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -1.6 -1.0 -1.3 0.5 2.1
Pulse rate 7.2 12.1 20.2 4.1 -4.3 -4.5 4.0 4.0 1.5 3.0 3.8 -1.2 -2.6
Happiness 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.8 -0.3 0.3
Noisy workplace 4.0 4.9 15.4 2.0 -3.9 -3.8 2.0 2.0 0.1 1.2 1.8 -0.8 -1.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 2.9 6.4 16.1 -2.1 4.0 4.0 -2.3 -2.0 -0.2 -2.3 -2.2 2.7 1.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 3.1 -0.1 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -1.7 0.1 1.1 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.3 4.5 0.4 -2.1 -2.0 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.4
Asthma 3.0 5.8 8.9 -2.7 1.9 2.2 -3.0 -2.8 0.5 -2.8 -3.0 1.9 2.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.9 1.2 2.0 1.2 -1.4 -1.3 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.1 0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 2.6 4.0 7.4 1.8 -2.7 -2.6 1.9 1.9 -0.1 2.5 1.5 -1.5 -2.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 -1.0 -0.8 0.5 0.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.0 1.1 3.2 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.6 -1.8 -1.5
Prospective memory result 2.3 2.8 6.3 1.5 -1.1 -1.4 1.8 1.4 -0.8 2.4 2.2 -2.5 0.5
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.4 2.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 0.3 1.7 -0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6
Illnesses of mother 1.1 1.4 5.4 -0.4 1.6 1.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -1.6 -0.5 2.3 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 3.1 -0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 1.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.1 1.3 -1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 2.4 11.2 19.6 -2.8 3.8 4.1 -3.0 -2.8 3.4 -3.5 -3.5 4.4 0.3
Arm fat mass (right) 1.8 7.3 13.9 2.9 -3.6 -3.7 3.1 3.0 -0.7 1.9 3.2 -1.9 -1.3
Trunk predicted mass 1.9 11.1 20.4 3.0 -4.3 -4.5 3.0 3.0 -2.9 3.5 3.4 -3.5 0.4
Standing height 0.3 2.8 6.0 1.6 -2.4 -2.4 1.2 1.6 -0.8 2.0 1.4 -1.2 1.4
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -0.0 -1.3 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 -1.3 0.5 1.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.7 1.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.8 0.9 4.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8 1.4 2.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.1 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -1.2 0.1 0.7 -0.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 1.2 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.5 2.7 -0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 1.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1
Birth weight of first child 0.9 1.6 4.9 0.5 -2.2 -2.0 0.8 0.6 -1.1 1.2 0.9 -1.2 0.7
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.7 2.1 -0.3 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2 1.0
Pulse wave reflection index 0.7 0.8 1.6 -1.1 0.3 0.5 -1.2 -1.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 0.7 0.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 3.6 4.4 8.9 2.1 -3.0 -2.9 2.4 2.1 -0.9 1.4 2.0 -1.4 -1.8
Loud music exposure frequency 1.2 1.3 6.0 0.4 -2.4 -2.2 0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.9
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 2.7 4.2 6.9 -1.8 2.5 2.6 -2.1 -1.8 -1.7 -2.2 -1.9 1.6 2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.2 1.5 3.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 1.2 1.4 -1.3 1.2 1.2 -1.9 -1.0
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.8 -1.3 -1.2 0.8 0.9 1.4 0.8 0.7 -0.5 0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.6 1.0 0.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 3.6 6.0 12.8 -2.2 3.6 3.4 -2.3 -2.4 0.4 -2.7 -1.6 1.8 2.5
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.0 2.4 6.6 1.5 -2.6 -2.3 1.6 1.3 -0.4 1.4 1.2 -1.2 -0.7
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.6 1.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.0 1.9 6.0 -0.8 2.4 2.3 -0.9 -0.8 0.5 -1.7 -0.5 1.5 -0.0
Medication: Amlodipine 1.6 2.2 5.8 0.3 -2.4 -2.3 0.6 0.2 -1.9 1.4 0.6 -2.0 0.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.7 2.1 3.5 -1.8 1.5 1.7 -1.9 -1.7 1.4 -1.0 -1.8 -0.2 1.0
Birth weight 0.3 0.6 4.2 0.4 -0.9 -0.8 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.6 2.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.0 1.2 2.4 -1.5 0.8 0.8 -1.6 -1.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3 1.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.7 -1.0 0.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.4 1.3 5.8 -1.1 0.0 0.2 -1.3 -1.2 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 0.3 2.4
Body fat percentage 1.5 5.8 9.6 2.8 -2.5 -2.7 3.1 3.0 0.8 1.3 3.0 -0.8 -2.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 3.2 11.7 19.8 4.2 -3.4 -3.8 4.5 4.3 -0.1 2.2 4.3 -1.4 -3.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 3.4 17.5 27.8 4.2 -5.0 -5.3 4.2 4.2 -2.6 4.5 4.6 -4.4 -0.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.8 -1.3 -1.3 0.8 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.8 0.3
Comparative body size at age 10 0.5 1.5 3.4 0.3 -1.8 -1.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.0 -1.5 1.8
Number of full brothers 2.1 2.6 4.1 1.7 -1.8 -1.8 1.7 1.7 0.0 2.0 1.5 -1.7 -1.3
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.6 2.4 -0.1 -1.5 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.6 0.8 -0.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.5 3.1 1.0 -1.7 -1.8 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.3 -1.6 0.0
Number of children fathered 0.9 1.0 7.8 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.1 2.8 1.2 0.5 -0.7 0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.1
Age at first live birth 1.8 3.1 4.8 -1.9 2.0 2.2 -1.9 -1.9 0.3 -1.8 -1.7 2.1 1.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.5 0.5 2.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -1.4 1.5
Health satisfaction 1.7 2.2 4.4 1.7 -2.1 -2.0 1.5 1.6 0.7 0.9 1.3 -1.2 -1.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 3.3 3.9 6.1 1.9 -2.0 -1.9 2.1 2.0 -0.9 2.1 1.8 -2.2 -2.5
Qualifications: College or University degree 3.3 10.4 24.2 -2.6 4.9 4.7 -2.7 -2.7 -1.1 -3.3 -2.3 3.9 1.8
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.2 -1.3 -1.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.9 1.8 -1.1 0.7 0.6 -1.0 -1.1 1.1 -1.3 -0.7 0.7 0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.8 0.9 2.3 0.4 -0.9 -0.9 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.3 0.8 -1.1 0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 2.4 4.1 10.4 -2.0 3.2 3.1 -1.8 -2.0 -1.2 -2.0 -1.7 1.2 0.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.0 2.9 10.6 0.9 -2.0 -2.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 2.2 1.1 -3.3 -0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 2.3 4.1 12.0 1.5 -3.5 -3.1 1.6 1.6 -0.3 1.8 1.2 -2.2 -1.3
Angina (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.6 -1.3 -1.4 0.7 0.6 -0.2 0.9 0.8 -0.7 0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.1 -0.6 1.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 -1.2 -0.3 1.4 0.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6
Medication: Allopurinol 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.3 0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 5.6 6.7 10.3 2.8 -2.4 -2.8 2.7 2.9 0.5 2.8 3.2 -2.9 -1.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.5 0.5 1.6 -0.5 1.3 1.2 -0.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.6 -1.3 -1.1
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 3.5 0.8 -1.8 -1.9 0.5 0.6 -0.0 1.3 0.6 -1.1 0.8
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.9 3.5 4.3 -1.8 1.8 2.0 -2.0 -1.8 1.9 -2.1 -2.0 1.5 1.6
Whole body fat mass 2.3 9.8 16.2 3.5 -3.9 -4.0 3.8 3.7 -0.3 2.3 3.7 -1.9 -2.0
Leg fat mass (right) 3.3 12.8 21.1 4.0 -4.3 -4.6 4.3 4.2 -1.0 2.7 4.2 -2.3 -2.3
Arm predicted mass (right) 3.1 15.9 26.2 3.9 -4.9 -5.1 4.0 3.9 -2.6 4.3 4.3 -4.3 -0.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 10.7 34.4 51.8 7.2 -6.1 -6.5 7.1 7.2 0.4 5.2 7.1 -3.3 -4.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.4 1.0 2.9 1.4 -0.2 -0.3 1.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.7 1.2 -0.0 -1.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.3 4.5 1.2 -2.1 -2.1 0.9 1.1 -1.1 1.6 1.6 -1.5 1.4
Number of full sisters 1.2 1.4 2.4 1.5 -0.9 -1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 0.8 1.4 -0.9 -0.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.5 0.8 3.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -1.2 -1.9 -0.3 0.4 0.8
Overall health rating 1.5 3.2 8.7 1.4 -2.9 -2.9 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.4 1.4 -1.9 -0.8
Chest pain or discomfort 1.2 1.7 6.4 0.1 -2.1 -2.1 0.2 0.1 -0.3 1.2 0.4 -2.5 -0.1
Had major operations 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.9 0.7 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.0 -0.8
Age at last live birth 1.2 1.8 3.3 -1.5 1.1 1.3 -1.3 -1.4 1.3 -1.3 -1.4 1.8 0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 1.0 1.3 2.7 -0.9 1.4 1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.3 1.6
Leg pain on walking 2.8 3.5 4.9 2.0 -1.9 -1.9 2.1 2.1 -0.2 1.7 2.0 -1.5 -2.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 2.4 2.8 7.3 1.3 -2.0 -2.1 1.4 1.2 -0.5 2.0 1.6 -2.7 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.9 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.8 -0.8 -0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.0 1.2 3.2 -0.7 1.7 1.8 -0.9 -0.8 0.5 0.1 -0.9 1.2 1.3
Medication: Aspirin 1.6 2.1 4.6 1.4 -2.1 -2.1 1.5 1.3 -0.2 1.4 1.1 -0.8 -1.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 6.6 7.8 14.4 3.0 -3.7 -3.8 2.4 2.9 1.1 3.5 2.8 -2.0 -1.0
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.8 -0.4 -1.3 0.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 4.5 12.6 24.7 3.2 -5.0 -4.9 3.6 3.3 -2.5 2.7 3.4 -3.1 -2.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.3 1.6 2.9 1.5 -1.1 -1.2 1.4 1.4 -1.1 1.3 1.7 -1.1 -0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.5 0.9 -0.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.8 1.0 3.2 0.6 -1.8 -1.7 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.5 -1.0 -1.0
Smoking status: Previous 1.5 2.3 9.6 0.6 -3.1 -2.8 0.9 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.4 -0.9 -0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.4 1.9 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 1.1 1.4
Whole body fat-free mass 2.0 11.2 21.3 3.0 -4.5 -4.6 3.0 3.0 -2.9 3.5 3.3 -3.5 0.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.9 5.0 10.9 1.5 -3.3 -3.3 1.6 1.5 -2.4 2.1 1.9 -2.5 1.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.6 2.2 3.9 1.6 -1.9 -2.0 1.9 1.8 0.6 0.2 1.8 -0.1 -1.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.6 1.4
Mood swings 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -1.2 -0.4 0.6 -0.4
Loneliness, isolation 0.8 1.2 4.9 0.0 1.2 1.2 -0.1 0.1 -2.2 -1.2 -0.1 1.5 0.5
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.8 1.2 3.4 0.4 -1.8 -1.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.3 -1.9 -0.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.7 0.8 3.7 0.5 -1.9 -1.8 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 1.7 2.9 9.7 1.2 -3.1 -2.9 1.6 1.2 -1.1 0.2 1.2 -0.4 -1.4
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8
Friendships satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.1 1.7 6.2 -0.4 2.5 2.4 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5 -1.0 -0.8 1.1 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 3.2 3.5 6.6 -2.2 1.3 1.3 -2.3 -2.4 0.5 -2.6 -2.2 1.7 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 1.0 3.1 0.2 1.8 1.6 -0.3 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 1.7 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.2 1.9 5.2 -0.7 2.3 2.1 -0.9 -0.8 1.0 -1.7 -0.5 1.8 0.4
Medication for cholesterol 2.1 3.1 6.4 -1.9 2.4 2.5 -1.8 -1.8 1.1 -1.2 -2.0 1.4 0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.2 1.4 3.4 1.2 -1.7 -1.6 0.9 1.0 -1.9 0.6 1.1 -0.9 -0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.2 2.7 -1.5 -0.4 -0.3 -1.6 -1.5 1.1 -0.4 -1.4 0.4 1.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 6.5 8.7 14.6 -3.1 3.7 3.8 -2.8 -3.1 0.5 -3.7 -2.7 3.2 0.8
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.5 1.0 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 -0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.5
Asthma (self-reported) 3.0 6.1 9.5 -2.8 2.0 2.3 -3.1 -2.9 0.5 -2.8 -3.1 1.9 2.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 3.4 -1.5 0.9 0.9 -1.8 -1.7 1.7 -0.6 -1.6 -0.6 1.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -1.1 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 2.5 0.8 -1.5 -1.6 0.8 0.7 0.1 1.2 0.6 -1.0 -0.7
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.4 2.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -1.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 1.0 3.5 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.2 1.9 1.2 -1.3 0.9
Smoking status: Current 2.1 3.3 7.7 1.3 -2.8 -2.8 1.6 1.4 -0.6 1.7 2.0 -2.1 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.9 1.9 3.1 -1.6 1.1 1.3 -1.7 -1.4 0.7 -1.8 -1.7 1.1 1.0
Whole body water mass 1.8 10.5 20.5 2.9 -4.4 -4.5 2.9 2.8 -2.7 3.3 3.2 -3.4 0.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.9 4.9 10.8 1.5 -3.3 -3.3 1.5 1.5 -2.4 2.1 1.9 -2.5 1.1
Arm fat mass (left) 1.4 5.9 11.3 2.6 -3.2 -3.4 2.8 2.7 -0.6 1.6 2.9 -1.7 -1.3
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.5 2.6 5.0 1.6 -2.2 -2.2 1.6 1.5 -1.6 0.6 1.4 -1.0 -1.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 5.1 7.0 11.3 -2.9 2.3 2.7 -2.8 -2.9 -0.8 -2.9 -2.8 3.4 2.1
Miserableness 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.6 -1.4 -1.4 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.2 -0.4
Guilty feelings 0.9 1.4 2.9 1.2 -1.7 -1.7 1.4 1.2 -0.7 0.9 1.2 -0.5 -0.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.6 2.8 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.3 0.2 -1.1 0.8 -0.0 -0.2 -1.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.0 1.1 3.0 0.8 -0.6 -0.9 1.0 0.9 1.7 1.0 1.4 -1.2 -0.4
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.5 3.4 -0.0 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.1 1.8 -0.2 -0.0 1.2 -0.2
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 1.1 0.2 -0.1 1.2 1.1
Financial situation satisfaction 2.1 2.6 7.3 0.9 -2.7 -2.7 1.0 0.8 -2.0 1.0 1.1 -1.7 0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.5 2.9 5.9 1.6 -2.4 -2.3 1.8 1.9 0.3 1.5 1.5 -0.5 -1.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.0 -0.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 4.9 5.8 10.2 2.6 -3.2 -3.0 2.8 2.5 -1.0 2.6 2.2 -1.4 -1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 3.0 5.7 8.7 2.8 -2.6 -2.7 3.0 2.9 -2.0 1.7 2.9 -1.0 -1.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.8 2.2 4.9 -2.1 -0.0 0.0 -2.1 -2.2 1.3 -1.4 -1.7 0.0 1.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 6.0 7.9 15.9 2.5 -4.0 -4.0 2.3 2.6 -1.3 3.4 2.3 -3.1 -0.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 5.0 8.8 19.6 2.9 -4.2 -4.4 2.9 2.8 0.3 2.6 2.9 -1.4 -3.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.9 1.4 2.9 1.3 -1.7 -1.6 1.3 1.2 -1.2 1.1 0.7 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.8 1.2 1.9 1.1 -1.4 -1.3 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 -1.0 -0.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 1.0 0.7 -0.9 0.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.4
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.6 -1.4 -1.4 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.7 -0.8
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.9 -0.8 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 -1.1 0.2 0.4 -0.7
Ever smoked 1.5 2.5 8.0 1.1 -2.8 -2.7 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.0 -1.2 0.2
Basal metabolic rate 2.0 11.1 21.5 3.1 -4.5 -4.6 3.1 3.1 -2.6 3.3 3.4 -3.3 0.0
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.3 8.2 13.6 3.3 -3.2 -3.4 3.7 3.5 0.1 1.9 3.5 -1.4 -2.4
Arm fat-free mass (left) 3.0 15.2 25.1 3.9 -4.8 -5.0 4.0 3.9 -2.4 4.1 4.3 -4.1 -0.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.7 2.5 5.0 1.7 -1.6 -1.7 1.8 1.8 -0.1 1.0 1.7 -1.0 -2.2
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.6 0.9 2.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 1.7
Irritability 0.3 0.6 2.6 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 0.4 0.8 -1.6
Risk taking 1.0 1.4 10.4 -0.1 -1.2 -0.9 -0.0 0.0 -3.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 1.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 3.2 4.1 8.5 1.7 -2.9 -2.9 1.8 1.7 0.6 1.7 1.6 -2.5 -1.8
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.0 1.4 1.1 0.0 -0.1 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.1
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.9 0.5
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 1.3 0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.1 1.5 5.4 -0.1 -2.3 -2.0 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 -1.5 -1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.7 0.1 1.2 0.4
Myopia 1.4 2.0 3.8 -1.8 -0.1 0.0 -1.9 -1.8 -0.8 -1.9 -1.6 -0.1 1.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 4.2 11.5 23.0 -3.2 4.8 4.8 -3.5 -3.2 1.7 -2.8 -3.4 2.8 2.6
Cholesterol lowering medication 4.6 6.7 13.4 2.6 -3.4 -3.7 2.6 2.4 1.1 2.3 2.6 -1.9 -2.4
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 3.4 4.2 6.5 2.2 -2.1 -2.4 2.0 2.3 0.4 2.2 2.5 -2.2 -1.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.2
Supplements: Calcium 2.6 2.9 6.6 2.0 -1.5 -1.7 1.8 1.7 0.7 2.6 1.5 -1.2 -1.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.3 0.8 -1.2 0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.1 -1.4 -1.3 -0.1 -0.0 1.0 1.2 -0.3 0.0 1.1
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 4.2 1.2 -0.3 -0.4 1.0 1.3 -1.4 1.3 1.1 -2.0 -0.8
Heart disease (siblings) 2.1 2.6 5.0 1.8 -2.1 -2.2 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.4 -0.4 -1.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.1
Pack years of smoking 1.0 1.5 5.3 1.0 -2.3 -2.1 1.0 0.9 -0.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 -1.1
Impedance of whole body 1.2 6.2 12.1 -1.4 3.3 3.4 -1.5 -1.3 3.3 -2.5 -2.0 3.5 -0.6
Leg fat mass (left) 2.7 10.7 19.0 3.5 -4.2 -4.4 3.8 3.7 -0.8 2.5 3.8 -2.3 -1.9
Arm predicted mass (left) 3.1 15.9 27.2 3.8 -5.0 -5.2 3.9 3.8 -2.9 4.2 4.3 -4.2 -0.4