Hub : Genes

MICAL1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1720 0.0410 1.1e-12 0.118 0.116 0.143 0.139 0.144 3.4e-14 5.3e-14 4.5e-17 1.5e-16 4.0e-17
2 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0793 0.0393 2.8e-03 0.024 NA 0.008 NA 0.009 5.1e-03 NA 7.5e-02 NA 6.5e-02
3 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.4520 0.0790 5.4e-08 0.182 NA 0.263 NA 0.230 3.3e-11 NA 3.7e-16 NA 4.2e-14
4 GTEx Testis 0.2840 0.0910 4.2e-04 0.025 NA 0.020 NA 0.005 2.8e-02 NA 4.2e-02 NA 1.9e-01
5 METSIM Adipose 0.0602 0.0221 2.4e-05 0.014 0.026 0.027 0.028 0.028 2.9e-03 8.4e-05 5.6e-05 3.8e-05 4.5e-05
6 NTR Blood 0.0410 0.0154 2.7e-06 0.026 0.012 0.014 0.012 0.018 8.3e-09 7.5e-05 2.0e-05 8.9e-05 1.1e-06
7 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2051 0.0430 0.0e+00 0.172 0.184 0.184 0.185 0.181 1.4e-21 4.0e-23 4.5e-23 2.9e-23 9.6e-23
8 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0499 0.0281 8.4e-03 0.004 -0.002 0.003 NA 0.000 1.0e-01 9.5e-01 1.4e-01 NA 3.4e-01
9 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0426 0.0224 5.4e-03 0.009 0.016 0.011 NA 0.011 3.3e-02 6.3e-03 1.6e-02 NA 1.7e-02
10 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0762 0.0301 2.4e-11 0.113 0.111 0.118 NA 0.120 8.9e-13 1.5e-12 2.9e-13 NA 1.8e-13
11 TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma 0.0890 0.0460 3.2e-03 0.011 0.013 0.003 NA 0.002 4.8e-02 3.5e-02 1.7e-01 NA 2.1e-01

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 0.8
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.3 4.7 -1.1 1.1 -0.2 0.3 -1.8 0.0 -2.2 -0.5 -0.5 -1.7 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 2.2 -0.0 1.1 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.5 -0.8 0.8
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.2 1.1 0.1 0.8 -0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.5 1.0 -1.2 0.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.3 2.6 -1.4 1.1 -1.2 0.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.6 -1.3 -0.4 -1.6 -0.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.1 3.3 -1.0 1.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 -0.9 1.3 -1.7 0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.6 1.3 3.9 -1.2 1.0 0.4 0.4 -2.0 0.0 -1.8 -0.2 -0.5 -1.4 -1.4
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.4 -1.2 1.0 -0.7 1.0 0.0 1.5 1.3 0.2 1.5 0.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.6 3.2 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -1.1 0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.5 1.0 -0.6 1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.7 0.9 0.7 0.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 1.6 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.3 -0.2 -1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.2 1.8 5.3 -2.0 1.3 -0.2 -0.0 -1.5 0.0 -1.6 -1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -2.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.1 2.3 4.6 2.2 -0.7 1.0 -0.4 2.0 0.0 1.8 1.4 1.8 2.0 1.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.6 1.5 3.9 2.0 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 1.1 0.0 1.3 1.6 0.4 1.8 1.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.0 -0.5 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.9 1.0 -0.0
Major Depression (MDD) 1.5 1.8 5.6 -0.8 2.1 0.8 1.7 -0.5 0.0 -1.4 0.6 1.6 -2.4 0.9
Reaction Time 0.9 1.8 3.8 -0.1 1.9 1.9 1.5 -0.3 0.0 -1.0 1.1 1.5 -1.9 1.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.1 1.1 -0.5 1.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -1.0 0.1
Breast Cancer 0.5 1.1 4.3 -0.7 2.1 0.6 1.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.9 -1.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.8
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 1.4 2.0 4.7 -1.9 2.2 -0.5 1.2 -1.3 0.0 -1.7 -1.2 0.3 -1.8 -1.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 3.8 3.6 9.1 -2.5 2.6 -0.7 1.2 -1.9 0.0 -2.9 -1.4 0.1 -3.0 -1.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 5.5 7.5 13.4 3.7 -2.5 2.1 -0.5 3.5 0.0 3.6 3.3 1.3 3.6 2.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -1.2 0.1 -0.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.8 1.3 3.2 1.6 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 1.6 0.0 1.8 0.6 1.5 1.6 0.7
Mean Putamen Volume 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.6 1.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.9 0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.1 -0.5 0.8 -0.2 1.0 0.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.5 0.2
HbA1C 1.8 2.0 5.9 1.6 -0.1 0.3 -1.6 1.8 0.0 1.8 0.5 1.9 2.4 0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 2.4 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -1.6 -0.0 0.1
LDL Cholesterol 1.8 2.9 9.6 -1.9 3.1 0.3 1.4 -0.7 0.0 -2.3 -0.9 1.7 -2.5 -0.9
Lupus 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -1.0
Neuroticism (2016) 0.6 0.9 2.5 -0.7 1.6 -1.5 1.3 0.4 0.0 0.6 -1.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.9
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.4 1.9 5.3 -1.9 1.9 0.6 0.4 -1.5 0.0 -2.3 -0.6 0.5 -2.0 -1.3
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.5 6.8 0.9 -2.1 -0.2 -2.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -1.4 1.3 0.7
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.6 1.3 2.5 -1.2 1.5 0.3 0.9 -1.6 0.0 -1.6 -0.3 -0.0 -1.4 -1.6
Triglycerides 0.7 1.2 3.6 -1.4 1.9 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 1.2 -1.2 -1.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 2.0 2.4 6.2 1.8 -0.1 0.3 0.6 2.5 0.0 2.2 1.3 2.0 1.3 2.0
Ulcerative Colitis 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.1
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.0 15.5 37.2 -5.2 6.1 -0.3 3.6 -3.9 0.0 -4.9 -1.9 0.7 -5.7 -4.2
Blood Platelet Count 1.3 14.7 42.1 -4.1 6.5 0.2 6.4 -2.3 0.0 -3.6 -1.1 1.5 -5.9 -2.2
Blood Red Count 2.5 24.4 60.8 4.9 -1.5 4.1 -7.8 5.2 0.0 3.2 2.5 7.4 6.4 5.1
Blood White Count 1.2 9.0 22.9 -4.2 3.7 -0.8 2.4 -3.3 0.0 -3.8 -2.3 -0.8 -4.8 -2.6
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.6 2.8 1.5 -0.8 1.6 0.8 1.1 0.0 1.0 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.4
BMI 1.2 7.2 17.7 3.7 -1.0 2.4 0.4 3.1 0.0 2.2 4.1 2.5 1.7 4.2
Height 4.1 78.6 231.0 8.8 -15.2 -7.2 -10.4 6.4 0.0 11.2 0.5 -6.3 12.7 5.2
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.4 1.9 4.6 -1.9 1.2 -1.6 -1.0 -0.9 0.0 -1.7 -2.1 0.3 -1.9 -0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.7 3.7 7.0 2.6 -1.8 1.8 -2.1 1.6 0.0 1.5 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.7
Smoking Status 0.7 1.6 5.0 -1.6 1.7 0.3 0.5 -1.5 0.0 -1.9 -0.4 0.3 -2.2 -0.4
Allergy or Eczema 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.2 -1.0 -1.1 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.8 -0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 0.8 2.7 5.6 2.0 -2.1 0.5 -2.4 1.2 0.0 1.9 1.5 0.4 1.8 2.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.0 2.3 7.0 -1.6 2.5 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.0 -1.2 -1.4 2.6 -2.1 0.9
Respiratory disease 1.8 3.9 12.3 -1.8 3.5 1.8 1.4 -1.3 0.0 -2.8 -0.2 2.2 -2.8 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.3 -0.1 1.2 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.4 1.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.8 4.0 10.6 2.1 -3.2 -0.0 -1.2 2.1 0.0 3.2 1.1 0.2 3.2 1.0
Lung FVC 1.5 7.6 24.9 3.3 -5.0 -1.9 -2.6 2.3 0.0 2.5 0.2 -2.1 3.8 2.8
Neuroticism 0.3 0.7 1.8 -1.1 1.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -1.3 0.6 -1.1 -0.7
Chronotype (morning person) 2.3 5.3 13.8 3.1 -2.4 1.0 -1.7 2.3 0.0 3.4 2.0 1.0 3.7 1.8
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.9 6.2 -1.8 -0.4 -1.3 -1.8 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -2.5 -1.5 -0.4 -1.7
Tanning 0.0 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.1 0.3 0.6
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.7 5.4 1.1 -2.3 -0.6 -1.9 0.1 0.0 1.4 0.5 -1.6 1.8 0.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.4
Average weekly spirits intake 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.5 2.6 6.5 -2.0 2.5 -1.6 0.7 -0.9 0.0 -1.9 -1.7 0.1 -2.5 -1.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.5 0.9 -1.0 0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 0.5 -0.9 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.8 1.2 4.6 -1.1 2.1 -0.4 1.4 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 1.7 -1.2 -0.4
Relative age of first facial hair 1.0 2.1 3.8 -2.0 0.4 -1.6 -0.3 -1.9 0.0 -1.4 -1.8 -1.8 -1.4 -1.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.3 3.0 7.3 -2.3 2.0 -0.1 1.6 -1.7 0.0 -2.7 -1.3 -0.1 -2.7 -1.5
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.6 2.1 7.8 -1.3 -0.6 -2.8 -0.5 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 -2.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.2 3.4 8.0 2.4 -1.8 1.0 -1.8 1.7 0.0 1.8 1.3 1.9 2.1 2.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.1 1.2 3.2 1.3 -1.1 1.2 0.1 1.7 0.0 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.8 1.8
Angina 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 2.3 2.6 5.3 -2.3 1.9 -1.3 0.2 -1.9 0.0 -1.8 -1.7 -0.8 -1.7 -2.2
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.5 0.7 2.5 0.9 -1.6 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.9 1.1 -1.1 1.0 0.0
Supplements: Zinc 1.8 2.0 4.3 -1.8 1.0 -1.8 -0.7 -1.6 0.0 -1.4 -2.1 -0.5 -1.6 -1.4
Medication: Co-codamol 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.8 -0.0 1.0 0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.3 1.5 0.7 0.0 0.5
Medication: Metformin 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.9
Diabetes (father) 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.2
Diabetes (mother) 2.2 2.9 5.6 2.4 -2.2 0.2 -1.5 1.9 0.0 2.2 1.3 -0.0 2.3 1.9
Severe depression (siblings) 1.9 2.1 4.9 -2.2 1.0 -0.5 0.8 -1.9 0.0 -1.8 -1.2 -1.0 -2.0 -1.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.6 2.5 9.1 1.7 -0.4 1.3 -0.1 2.3 0.0 1.3 1.1 1.9 1.1 3.0
Impedance of leg (right) 1.3 6.5 23.2 -2.4 4.8 1.4 3.6 -1.0 0.0 -2.2 -0.1 2.7 -3.7 -0.9
Leg fat-free mass (left) 4.6 24.6 75.2 5.4 -8.7 -3.1 -6.5 3.4 0.0 5.3 0.8 -3.3 7.1 3.6
Trunk fat percentage 1.5 5.9 16.2 3.4 -1.3 1.9 0.3 2.9 0.0 2.0 3.5 2.2 1.7 4.0
Hand grip strength (right) 1.7 4.7 14.7 2.1 -3.8 -1.1 -2.8 0.8 0.0 2.6 0.6 -2.5 3.0 0.4
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.3 1.9 3.9 1.3 -1.3 0.6 -1.9 1.7 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.8 2.0 1.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.6 -0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.9 0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.6 1.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.3 1.5 5.1 -1.3 2.2 -0.7 1.2 -0.3 0.0 -1.1 -0.7 1.1 -2.3 -0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4 -1.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.9
Fed-up feelings 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.5 0.3 -1.0 -0.6 0.5 0.0 0.2 -1.2 0.3 -0.2 0.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 1.2 1.9 4.1 -2.0 1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -1.7 0.0 -1.4 -1.5 -1.0 -1.6 -1.8
Taking other prescription medications 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 2.7 6.4 14.7 3.5 -3.8 0.6 -0.8 2.2 0.0 3.6 2.4 -1.1 3.8 1.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.7 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.6 2.7 -0.1 0.7 1.4 1.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.7 -0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.2 1.3 4.6 -0.6 2.1 1.5 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.4 1.6 -1.5 0.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.9 1.2 3.7 1.1 -1.6 -0.8 -1.9 0.8 0.0 0.9 -0.0 -0.2 1.7 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.0 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.7 0.2
High blood pressure 1.4 3.9 6.9 2.5 -2.0 2.3 -1.5 1.5 0.0 2.6 2.5 1.0 2.0 2.1
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.6 1.8 -0.7 1.2 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.6 0.6 -0.6 -0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 3.3 4.3 7.6 -2.7 2.3 -1.8 -0.1 -2.4 0.0 -2.6 -2.3 -0.4 -2.7 -2.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 -0.6 0.2
Medication: Atenolol 1.7 2.1 4.4 1.9 -2.1 1.0 -1.4 1.0 0.0 2.1 1.5 -0.4 2.0 0.6
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.8 1.4 6.4 -0.2 1.4 0.1 0.9 2.0 0.0 0.6 -0.4 2.5 -0.4 1.3
Sitting height 6.3 44.5 153.8 5.4 -12.4 -5.7 -8.0 3.1 0.0 7.3 -0.8 -7.5 9.4 1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 0.9 2.5 -1.3 0.1 -1.5 -0.4 -1.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
High blood pressure (mother) 0.6 0.8 2.7 1.0 0.5 0.6 -0.1 1.3 0.0 0.8 0.6 1.6 0.5 1.4
Body mass index (BMI) 1.3 5.4 13.2 3.4 -2.4 1.2 -0.7 2.6 0.0 2.1 3.0 0.9 2.5 3.6
Impedance of leg (left) 1.6 7.6 24.4 -2.8 4.9 1.5 3.7 -1.5 0.0 -2.7 -0.2 2.5 -4.3 -1.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 4.5 23.9 73.7 5.2 -8.6 -3.1 -6.5 3.2 0.0 5.1 0.7 -3.4 7.0 3.5
Trunk fat mass 2.2 9.3 19.8 4.4 -3.7 0.8 -1.5 3.3 0.0 3.4 3.4 0.8 3.5 4.5
Waist circumference 1.6 5.9 11.8 3.4 -3.1 0.4 -1.4 2.9 0.0 2.8 2.2 0.3 2.9 3.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.3 2.1 4.2 -1.9 0.2 -2.1 -0.4 -1.9 0.0 -1.3 -1.9 -1.6 -1.2 -1.5
Past tobacco smoking 1.6 3.0 6.9 2.6 -1.7 -0.1 -0.7 2.2 0.0 2.1 1.4 0.4 2.1 2.6
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.2 1.9 6.0 -1.0 2.4 0.9 2.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.8 0.5 1.0 -1.8 -1.3
Nervous feelings 0.5 0.9 3.5 -0.3 0.8 0.2 -1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 1.7 -0.6 1.9
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.6 3.9 -1.9 1.5 -0.6 0.7 -1.5 0.0 -1.7 -1.2 0.1 -2.0 -0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.0 1.6 5.2 -1.6 2.3 0.0 1.4 -1.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.5 1.0 -1.9 -0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.8 2.4 1.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 1.3 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.6
Had menopause 0.9 1.1 3.1 0.1 -1.7 -1.2 -1.8 0.2 0.0 0.4 -1.2 -1.4 0.7 0.6
Had other major operations 1.9 2.3 6.3 -1.9 2.3 0.9 0.4 -1.4 0.0 -2.4 -0.7 1.0 -2.5 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 4.7 18.2 55.1 4.2 -7.4 -4.0 -5.7 2.4 0.0 4.5 -0.6 -3.2 5.9 2.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.4 2.8 -0.0 0.2 0.9 1.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.0 -1.0 0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 1.9 5.2 1.2 -2.3 0.4 -2.2 1.0 0.0 1.6 -0.2 -0.4 1.9 1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.7 0.9 2.1 1.2 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.5 0.3 1.3 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.2 1.9 5.5 1.6 -1.5 0.1 -0.7 1.7 0.0 2.3 0.8 0.2 2.3 0.9
Heart attack 0.6 0.8 2.3 -1.3 1.4 0.4 0.1 -1.1 0.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.1 -1.5 -0.9
Allergy 0.2 0.6 2.6 0.5 -1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 1.6 0.2 -0.6 0.9 0.0
Pain all over the body in last month 1.1 1.1 3.4 -0.5 -1.2 -1.3 -1.8 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 -0.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 3.5 0.5 -0.1 1.9 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.0 -0.5 0.7
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 1.3 1.7 10.4 -0.2 -0.0 -3.2 -1.9 0.3 0.0 -1.3 -1.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6
Medication: Simvastatin 0.8 1.1 3.1 -0.7 1.8 1.3 0.8 -0.5 0.0 -1.4 0.5 1.0 -1.7 -0.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.7 -0.5
Illnesses of siblings 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.6
Neuroticism score 0.5 1.0 3.4 -1.2 1.8 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -1.1 1.3 -1.5 -0.1
Weight 3.4 16.9 45.0 5.2 -6.7 -1.4 -4.4 3.5 0.0 4.7 2.1 -1.5 5.7 4.3
Impedance of arm (right) 1.0 4.5 13.8 -1.1 3.7 2.7 3.4 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 0.8 2.5 -2.4 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.7 6.7 16.2 3.2 -0.1 3.1 1.5 2.7 0.0 1.5 4.0 3.0 1.0 4.0
Trunk fat-free mass 4.4 25.5 82.3 4.7 -9.1 -4.0 -7.0 2.5 0.0 5.1 -0.3 -4.3 7.1 2.9
Hip circumference 2.5 10.8 22.8 4.8 -4.7 0.5 -2.1 3.4 0.0 4.0 2.9 -0.1 4.5 3.6
Time employed in main current job 1.1 1.2 3.2 1.4 -1.1 0.9 -0.9 1.3 0.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.5 2.3 5.4 1.4 -2.3 -0.8 -2.3 1.2 0.0 2.1 0.3 -0.9 2.2 0.4
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 -1.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.3 0.8 -1.4 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 -1.1 0.9 -0.4 0.5
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.4 4.5 -1.1 2.1 0.2 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 -1.4 -0.6 1.2 -1.8 -0.6
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 1.8 -1.1 1.0 0.5 0.1 -0.7 0.0 -1.4 -1.0 0.1 -1.1 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.5 -0.4
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.8 -1.0 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 5.4 18.4 57.5 4.6 -7.6 -3.2 -5.0 2.8 0.0 4.8 0.2 -2.8 6.3 3.0
Pulse rate 0.3 0.5 3.0 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -1.7 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.2
Happiness 1.8 2.2 4.7 -2.0 2.2 -0.9 2.0 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -1.2 0.3 -2.2 -1.6
Noisy workplace 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.5 0.9 0.0 1.3 -0.5 0.3 1.2 0.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.6 1.9 0.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.5 -0.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.9 -0.5 0.6
Asthma 0.8 1.6 5.5 -1.4 2.3 0.7 0.6 -0.8 0.0 -1.7 -0.3 1.4 -1.8 -0.3
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.1 1.4 4.4 -1.7 0.3 -1.7 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -2.1 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.5 2.8 0.2 0.1 1.7 0.1 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 1.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.2 -0.0
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.7 -0.4 1.6 -0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 1.0 0.9 0.3 0.9
Prospective memory result 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.8 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2 0.7 0.0 0.9 -0.4 0.0 0.9 1.0
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.9 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6
Illnesses of mother 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 4.8 15.3 48.2 4.4 -6.9 -2.2 -4.4 2.8 0.0 4.4 0.5 -2.6 5.9 2.8
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.6 0.7 2.9 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 1.1 0.0 1.2 -0.5 1.0 1.7 0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 1.1 4.9 15.4 -1.1 3.9 2.9 3.3 -0.4 0.0 -1.3 1.2 2.6 -2.6 -0.8
Arm fat mass (right) 2.3 9.4 21.3 4.5 -3.2 1.3 -1.0 3.5 0.0 3.2 3.6 1.3 3.4 4.6
Trunk predicted mass 4.4 25.0 81.4 4.7 -9.0 -3.9 -6.9 2.5 0.0 5.0 -0.2 -4.3 7.0 2.8
Standing height 3.5 34.5 108.2 4.6 -10.4 -5.6 -8.7 2.5 0.0 6.2 -1.4 -5.4 8.0 2.1
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.8 3.0 0.2 -1.5 -0.7 -1.7 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -1.2 0.6 1.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 1.1 -1.0 -0.2 0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6
Breastfed as a baby 4.6 5.8 15.9 -2.3 -1.7 -3.3 -1.6 -2.5 0.0 -0.9 -3.2 -4.0 -0.2 -2.9
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.2 4.0 -1.0 1.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 -1.3 -0.2 1.2 -2.0 1.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.5 1.4 -1.0 1.2 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 -1.1 -0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.6 1.6 3.7 -1.9 0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -1.6 0.0 -1.7 -1.3 -0.4 -1.9 -0.9
Birth weight of first child 1.1 1.9 4.8 1.0 -1.9 -2.2 -2.0 1.1 0.0 1.5 -0.6 -1.3 1.3 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 4.5 10.3 34.0 3.5 -5.8 -1.7 -3.4 2.2 0.0 3.9 0.4 -2.1 5.1 1.6
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.0 1.2 0.0 1.1 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.3 1.8 -0.5 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 1.0 1.1 2.9 -0.9 -0.5 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3 0.0 -0.5 -1.4 -1.4 -0.2 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.7 1.9 1.1 0.2 0.5 -0.3 1.4 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 2.3 2.9 7.5 -1.8 1.5 0.2 0.7 -2.7 0.0 -2.3 -0.5 -1.1 -2.2 -2.7
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.8 1.0 2.4 -1.1 0.6 -1.4 -0.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.5 -1.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 0.7 1.2 3.8 1.3 -1.3 -1.0 -0.5 1.7 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.9
Headache pain in last month 0.5 0.8 3.0 -1.0 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 -1.4 -1.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.7 0.7 -1.1 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -1.9 0.0 -1.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.5
Gout (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.3 1.4 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.7 0.0 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.4 1.8
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.1 2.1 8.2 -1.0 2.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 2.9 -1.9 1.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.7 1.0 5.1 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -2.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.9 0.8 0.8
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.0 1.3 4.8 0.2 2.2 1.6 1.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 1.2 2.0 -0.7 0.1
Birth weight 3.7 7.9 24.5 0.9 -4.6 -3.7 -4.9 0.3 0.0 2.0 -2.0 -3.6 2.6 0.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.9 0.5 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.0 0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.9 1.4 3.0 0.2 -1.7 -1.4 -1.7 0.1 0.0 1.2 -1.2 -1.7 0.9 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 4.0 14.5 44.4 4.0 -6.7 -3.3 -4.9 2.2 0.0 4.0 -0.3 -3.0 5.4 2.6
Body fat percentage 1.3 5.1 14.8 2.9 -0.6 2.1 0.8 2.5 0.0 1.5 3.5 2.4 1.0 3.9
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.1 3.8 11.4 2.3 -0.1 1.9 1.0 2.2 0.0 1.0 3.0 2.4 0.6 3.4
Arm fat-free mass (right) 4.5 22.8 72.4 4.6 -8.5 -4.0 -6.8 2.5 0.0 4.6 0.2 -3.9 6.5 3.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.9 6.1 -1.0 -0.8 -2.5 -1.4 -1.2 0.0 -1.4 -2.1 -1.9 -0.6 -0.1
Number of full brothers 1.1 1.4 2.9 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.7 -1.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.6 -1.2 -0.3 -1.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.7 1.2 4.7 -1.2 2.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.8 0.9 -1.5 -1.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.0 0.8 0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.8 3.2 9.5 -1.2 3.1 1.8 2.5 -0.3 0.0 -1.8 0.6 2.2 -2.4 0.7
Number of children fathered 1.5 1.7 7.2 0.2 -2.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.7 -0.1 -2.7 1.6 -2.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.7 0.6 1.4 1.4 -0.6 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.0 -1.6
Age at first live birth 2.2 3.9 9.9 -2.1 2.8 -0.4 3.1 -1.9 0.0 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3 -3.0 -2.0
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.9 0.4 -1.3 -1.3 -0.0
Health satisfaction 1.0 1.2 3.3 -0.7 1.8 1.7 1.4 -0.3 0.0 -1.0 0.5 1.1 -1.5 -0.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.9 2.2 7.4 1.2 1.1 2.7 1.2 1.1 0.0 0.5 2.6 1.9 0.2 1.1
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.7 2.2 8.2 -1.3 2.0 0.3 2.9 -1.4 0.0 -1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.9 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.7 0.9 2.9 -1.4 1.0 -0.1 0.2 -1.2 0.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.9 1.0 3.2 -1.0 1.6 -0.3 1.8 -0.7 0.0 -1.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.5 -0.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.8 -1.2 -0.5 0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.4 1.0 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 -0.6
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.9 1.2 2.3 -1.4 0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -1.5 0.0 -1.5 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.9 1.7 4.3 1.6 -1.1 1.9 -0.5 1.1 0.0 1.6 2.1 0.4 1.1 1.0
Angina (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.3 -0.7 -0.4 -1.5 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.7 0.8 2.3 -1.4 0.3 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.9 -1.5 -1.0 -0.7 -0.9
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.5 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.8 -0.2 0.4 1.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.7 0.8 2.5 0.9 -0.3 1.6 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.4 1.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.5 0.5 1.6 1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.5 1.3 0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.4 3.8 0.0 1.4 2.0 1.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.3 1.4 -1.5 1.1
Heart disease (mother) 2.3 2.8 5.9 -2.4 1.2 -1.4 -0.9 -1.8 0.0 -2.3 -2.1 -1.0 -2.4 -1.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 2.6 3.2 5.9 -2.4 2.4 1.1 1.2 -1.8 0.0 -2.4 -0.8 0.0 -2.3 -2.4
Whole body fat mass 1.9 8.0 18.1 4.1 -3.2 0.8 -1.2 3.2 0.0 3.1 3.2 0.8 3.1 4.3
Leg fat mass (right) 1.9 7.3 17.3 3.9 -3.0 0.7 -1.1 3.1 0.0 2.9 3.0 0.9 2.9 4.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 4.5 22.9 72.1 4.7 -8.5 -3.9 -6.8 2.6 0.0 4.7 0.2 -3.7 6.5 3.5
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.4 2.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.1 1.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.8 4.3 15.4 2.5 -3.9 0.2 -2.4 1.2 0.0 1.6 0.8 -1.2 3.1 2.0
Comparative height size at age 10 2.2 11.9 39.3 2.1 -5.9 -3.4 -6.3 1.2 0.0 3.0 -1.7 -3.1 4.1 1.2
Number of full sisters 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.1 -1.0 0.1 1.0 -0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 -1.8 0.9 -1.6
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.6 1.7 0.6 -0.5 0.9 -1.3 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.2
Overall health rating 0.2 0.4 2.9 0.3 0.1 1.7 -0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.0 0.8 0.4 -0.2 0.5
Chest pain or discomfort 1.7 2.4 6.8 -1.5 2.2 1.4 1.7 -1.4 0.0 -2.2 0.2 0.6 -2.6 -0.2
Had major operations 1.7 2.0 5.3 1.7 -2.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 0.0 2.3 0.8 -1.2 2.3 -0.1
Age at last live birth 1.3 1.9 6.4 -1.1 2.5 1.0 2.1 -0.9 0.0 -1.0 0.4 1.0 -2.1 -0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 2.1 2.6 7.8 -2.0 2.8 -0.2 2.1 -1.1 0.0 -1.4 -0.7 0.6 -2.3 -1.8
Leg pain on walking 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.8 0.9 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.9
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.2 1.4 3.1 1.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 1.6 0.0 1.8 1.1 0.6 1.7 1.2
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.9 0.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.4 -0.0 -0.2 0.3
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 -1.0 -0.4 -0.8 0.0 0.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 1.6 0.9 -0.9 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.0 1.3 1.0 0.0 1.1 -0.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.5 4.2 7.6 2.6 -2.2 2.0 -1.4 1.7 0.0 2.8 2.5 1.0 2.2 2.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.4 0.5 2.7 -0.3 1.6 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.2 1.1 -1.2 0.2
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.2 1.5 4.6 1.4 -2.2 -0.1 -1.4 1.1 0.0 1.5 0.7 -1.0 1.7 0.8
Smoking status: Previous 1.0 1.5 3.9 -1.4 1.6 0.7 1.1 -1.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.2 0.3 -1.4 -2.0
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 2.1 4.4 15.8 1.2 -3.3 -2.4 -4.0 0.5 0.0 1.6 -0.8 -2.3 2.2 0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 4.5 25.8 83.4 5.0 -9.1 -3.7 -7.0 2.8 0.0 5.1 0.1 -4.1 7.2 3.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 4.7 24.9 80.1 5.2 -8.9 -3.2 -6.8 3.1 0.0 5.1 0.5 -3.8 7.1 3.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.8 7.2 18.6 3.4 -0.3 3.1 1.2 2.8 0.0 1.6 4.3 2.9 1.2 4.2
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.3 1.8 -0.0 0.3 -0.5 1.4 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.4 1.7 4.6 1.5 -1.9 -0.0 -2.1 1.0 0.0 1.4 -0.1 -0.5 2.1 0.7
Mood swings 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.6 1.3 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.5
Loneliness, isolation 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.8 3.4 -1.2 0.8 0.7 0.2 -1.0 0.0 -1.4 -0.5 0.0 -1.8 0.2
Ever had bowel cancer screening 2.6 3.0 7.2 -2.4 2.0 1.0 1.9 -1.9 0.0 -2.4 -0.6 0.1 -2.7 -1.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.8 4.5 0.7 -0.7 2.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.8
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.0 1.1 3.8 0.6 1.1 1.8 0.7 1.1 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.4 0.6
Friendships satisfaction 3.6 4.4 9.4 -2.7 2.6 -1.3 3.1 -1.7 0.0 -1.8 -1.5 -0.9 -3.0 -2.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.6 2.5 8.2 -1.1 1.6 1.5 2.9 -1.7 0.0 -1.5 1.0 -0.4 -2.0 -1.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.9 0.9 6.1 -0.5 -0.4 -2.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -1.2 -1.1 0.3 -0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.4 0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.3 3.6 1.6 -0.7 0.6 0.3 1.4 0.0 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.9 1.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.9 -0.2 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.0 1.2 0.9 0.4 1.2 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.8 1.0 3.3 -0.6 1.8 1.4 0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.6 1.5 -1.1 0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 1.7 2.5 5.8 -1.9 1.8 0.8 0.8 -1.9 0.0 -2.4 -0.7 -0.6 -2.0 -2.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.1 1.5 3.8 1.7 -1.4 1.5 0.5 1.0 0.0 1.2 1.9 -0.5 1.3 1.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.0 -0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.2 4.2 -1.2 2.1 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.0 -1.6 -0.1 1.2 -1.5 -0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.2 1.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 3.2 -1.2 0.5 -0.6 0.7 -1.5 0.0 -1.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.8 -0.8
Medication: Aspirin 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.6 0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.7
Medication: Gliclazide 0.8 0.9 2.5 1.1 -1.5 0.7 -0.4 1.0 0.0 1.6 0.6 -0.6 1.1 0.7
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.7
Smoking status: Current 0.1 0.2 1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -1.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.3 4.9 11.4 3.2 -3.3 -0.7 -0.7 2.4 0.0 2.8 1.3 -0.4 3.4 2.1
Whole body water mass 4.6 26.1 83.4 5.1 -9.1 -3.8 -7.0 2.8 0.0 5.2 0.2 -4.1 7.2 3.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 4.6 24.4 78.9 5.1 -8.9 -3.2 -6.7 3.0 0.0 5.0 0.5 -3.9 7.0 3.3
Arm fat mass (left) 2.1 8.8 19.7 4.4 -3.2 1.5 -1.1 3.2 0.0 3.0 3.6 1.1 3.2 4.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.0 1.7 5.5 -1.7 1.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.6 0.0 -2.3 -0.8 0.2 -2.3 -0.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.1 1.5 5.5 -1.3 0.3 -0.2 1.4 -1.6 0.0 -1.0 -0.5 -1.4 -1.1 -2.4
Miserableness 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.8
Guilty feelings 1.8 2.7 7.8 -2.0 2.8 -0.1 1.2 -1.5 0.0 -2.1 -1.1 1.1 -2.2 -1.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.6 0.7 2.8 -0.5 -0.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.7 -1.3 0.6 -1.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.1 1.3 5.8 -0.2 2.4 0.5 1.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.6 2.1 -1.0 0.3
Hearing aid user 0.9 1.0 2.3 -1.5 1.5 0.4 0.2 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 1.0 -1.4 -1.0
Mother’s age at death 1.2 1.5 3.7 -1.7 1.1 -1.2 -0.3 -1.2 0.0 -1.6 -1.6 -0.2 -1.9 -0.7
Financial situation satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.8 1.0 3.7 -1.3 0.6 0.0 0.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.9 -1.9
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.6 0.7 -1.5 0.7 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 1.0 3.6 1.0 -1.5 -0.1 -1.9 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.4 1.8
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.6 2.1 5.3 -0.7 2.3 2.2 1.6 -0.1 0.0 -1.5 0.7 1.5 -2.1 0.3
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.7 0.9 -1.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.6 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.8 0.1 0.8 -0.9 0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.2 1.9 4.6 1.6 -2.1 -0.8 -1.8 1.0 0.0 1.7 0.9 -0.6 1.6 1.3
Medication: Paracetamol 1.2 1.8 6.0 1.9 -1.2 -0.4 0.0 2.1 0.0 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.1 2.4
Medication: Lisinopril 0.6 0.7 2.3 -0.8 1.0 1.5 0.5 -1.0 0.0 -1.2 0.5 0.1 -0.9 -0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.0 1.3 6.2 1.0 -0.8 2.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 1.9 -0.2 -0.0 1.6
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.9 1.1 3.9 0.9 -0.8 2.0 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.4 1.4
Ever smoked 0.5 0.8 2.4 -1.5 0.7 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1
Basal metabolic rate 4.4 24.3 75.3 5.3 -8.7 -3.2 -6.5 3.2 0.0 5.2 0.6 -3.4 7.0 3.7
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.8 3.0 9.6 2.0 -0.2 1.9 0.8 1.8 0.0 0.7 2.8 2.0 0.4 3.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 4.1 20.8 68.4 4.4 -8.3 -3.6 -6.2 2.5 0.0 4.5 -0.0 -3.7 6.3 3.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.4 -1.1 0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.3 1.9 3.9 2.0 -0.9 0.1 -0.5 1.9 0.0 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.8
Irritability 1.3 2.1 5.8 -1.8 2.3 -0.5 1.6 -0.8 0.0 -1.6 -1.2 0.8 -2.4 -0.8
Risk taking 0.6 0.9 2.8 0.4 -0.7 0.8 1.4 -1.1 0.0 0.1 1.4 -1.7 -0.2 -1.0
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.4 -0.4 0.7 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.6 1.3 -0.4 0.4 -0.5
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.4 1.2 -0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.7 0.8 -1.0 0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.0
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.8 5.6 13.6 3.2 -1.9 0.6 -2.3 2.5 0.0 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.5 0.6 1.4 -1.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.4 -0.9 -1.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.6 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.6 1.1 -0.4 1.1 0.6 0.0 0.3 -0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.1
Myopia 0.6 0.8 2.2 1.5 -1.1 1.2 -1.1 0.4 0.0 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.9 0.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.6 4.4 9.4 -2.5 1.4 -3.1 1.1 -1.7 0.0 -2.5 -2.9 -1.7 -1.8 -2.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.5 0.7 3.6 0.1 0.2 -0.0 -1.2 0.4 0.0 -0.8 -0.2 0.7 -1.0 1.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.1 1.3 2.5 1.4 -0.5 1.3 0.6 1.5 0.0 1.0 1.6 1.1 0.9 1.5
Pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 2.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 1.0 0.0 1.4 0.9 0.6 0.6 1.5
Supplements: Calcium 1.2 1.3 4.6 -1.4 0.1 -0.3 0.6 -1.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.0 -2.1
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.1 0.2 -1.6 0.2 -1.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.8 0.3
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.0 1.2 0.7 0.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -1.2 -0.6
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 2.6 -1.0 0.5 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 -1.4 -1.3 -0.2 -1.2 -0.2
Heart disease (siblings) 1.0 1.2 3.8 -1.4 1.0 -1.9 0.6 -1.0 0.0 -1.3 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.4 2.8 5.5 -2.0 -0.3 -1.3 -1.3 -2.4 0.0 -2.2 -2.1 -1.8 -1.0 -1.9
Pack years of smoking 1.7 2.5 9.4 1.8 -0.3 1.4 0.2 2.3 0.0 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.0 3.1
Impedance of whole body 1.4 7.3 24.4 -2.1 4.9 2.6 3.8 -1.0 0.0 -2.2 0.6 3.0 -3.7 -1.2
Leg fat mass (left) 1.8 7.1 16.5 3.9 -3.1 0.7 -1.3 2.9 0.0 2.8 3.0 0.7 2.9 4.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 4.0 20.1 65.9 4.2 -8.1 -3.8 -6.2 2.5 0.0 4.3 -0.2 -3.7 6.2 3.0