Hub : Genes

MRM1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1038 0.0442 4.5e-03 0.040 NA -0.003 NA 0.010 0.00044 NA 0.65000 NA 0.05400
2 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1770 0.0500 1.7e-05 0.021 NA 0.035 NA 0.031 0.00980 NA 0.00110 NA 0.00230
3 TCGA Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma 0.0470 0.0270 6.9e-03 0.016 0.003 0.014 NA 0.014 0.01400 1.6e-01 0.02200 NA 0.02100
4 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0580 0.0320 3.7e-03 0.056 0.038 0.048 NA 0.047 0.00037 2.9e-03 0.00094 NA 0.00098
5 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0395 0.0226 3.4e-03 0.009 0.002 0.019 NA 0.014 0.02900 1.6e-01 0.00290 NA 0.00940
6 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0348 0.0186 3.3e-03 0.018 0.006 0.028 NA 0.025 0.00320 6.9e-02 0.00038 NA 0.00067
7 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0422 0.0206 4.8e-04 0.027 0.039 0.032 NA 0.030 0.00047 2.5e-05 0.00014 NA 0.00023

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.7 1.1 6.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.7 0.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.8 1.9 11.6 -0.8 -1.1 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.1 2.3 3.0 -1.7 -1.0 -1.5 1.4 -1.4 -1.7 -1.7
Depression (Nagel 2018) 2.4 3.7 9.3 -2.8 -1.8 -0.8 3.0 -0.9 -1.3 -1.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 2.6 7.9 31.2 -3.2 -2.5 -1.2 5.6 -0.7 -1.4 -1.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.9 4.2 -1.6 -1.8 -1.6 2.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.5 1.0 5.4 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 2.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.1 0.1 0.9 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.8 1.8 3.1 -1.3 -1.6 -1.2 1.8 -0.6 -1.4 -1.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 1.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.1 1.2 5.3 -2.3 -0.2 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.7 2.1 -1.4 -0.7 -0.4 1.4 0.4 0.0 -0.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.8 0.2 0.8 0.4
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.5 1.3 6.9 0.8 -0.0 0.0 -2.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.0 1.9 9.7 1.3 0.3 0.0 -3.1 -0.2 -1.2 -0.3
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.5 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.2
Reaction Time 0.4 0.7 2.1 1.4 0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 4.2 10.0 30.2 -4.1 -2.6 -1.5 5.5 -2.0 -1.8 -2.7
Breast Cancer 0.3 0.8 3.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.8 0.3 0.5
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.5 1.1 -1.0 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.8
Prostate Cancer 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.6
Age at First Birth 1.8 2.6 5.9 0.7 0.5 2.0 0.7 2.4 1.5 2.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.2 0.2 1.3 -1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 2.7 3.7 15.4 1.8 2.4 0.0 -3.9 0.0 0.6 1.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.4 0.5 1.9 1.2 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.5 0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.9 1.0 2.1 1.2 1.2 0.0 -0.5 0.0 1.4 1.5
Fasting Glucose 1.1 1.4 4.5 1.6 0.9 0.1 -2.1 -1.2 -0.0 -0.6
HbA1C 1.1 1.2 3.9 1.4 -0.6 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -1.0 -1.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 5.0 -0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 2.2 1.9
LDL Cholesterol 1.3 2.0 5.4 1.0 2.3 0.0 -1.8 0.0 1.4 1.6
Lupus 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.2 0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.4 0.6 3.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 1.8 0.5 0.5 0.3
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.8 2.6 8.9 2.6 1.6 0.0 -3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.3 0.4 1.9 1.4 0.1 0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.6 0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.9 1.9 8.2 -1.2 -1.3 0.0 2.9 0.0 -0.8 -1.0
Triglycerides 0.9 1.5 8.0 1.3 0.8 0.0 -2.8 0.0 -0.4 0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.6 0.7 2.6 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.9 0.0 -1.6 0.0
Ulcerative Colitis 1.3 1.9 5.5 0.6 0.2 0.0 -2.3 0.0 -2.1 -1.8
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.5 3.6 -1.6 -1.8 -1.4 1.9 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.1 1.7 2.6 -1.0 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.4
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.9 1.9 -0.1 -0.5 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.8 1.0
Blood White Count 0.1 0.9 2.7 1.6 0.7 0.5 -1.2 0.7 0.4 0.8
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.7 4.2 0.3 2.1 1.6 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.2
BMI 2.2 12.8 67.9 3.1 3.0 0.2 -8.2 0.4 1.0 1.4
Height 0.2 4.0 10.2 -3.1 -1.9 -0.8 3.2 -0.9 -0.9 -1.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.6 7.1 10.0 3.1 2.4 1.7 -3.2 3.0 1.7 3.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.3 1.3 7.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -2.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1
Smoking Status 0.7 1.6 3.2 -1.1 0.6 0.9 -1.8 1.4 0.5 1.7
Allergy or Eczema 2.0 5.3 20.5 -2.3 -2.9 -0.8 4.5 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2
Cardiovascular Disease 0.7 2.3 8.6 0.7 1.8 1.0 -2.9 0.8 0.7 1.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.8 1.8 4.2 -1.8 0.3 1.6 2.1 0.5 1.6 0.5
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.4 8.1 -0.3 -0.3 1.0 2.9 0.5 0.5 0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.5 2.7 4.7 0.8 2.2 1.5 -1.6 1.7 1.3 2.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 1.9 10.2 1.4 0.5 -0.0 -3.2 0.5 -0.1 0.7
Lung FVC 0.2 1.2 2.8 -0.3 -0.7 -1.1 1.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3
Neuroticism 0.5 1.1 4.2 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6 2.0 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5
Chronotype (morning person) 2.1 4.9 6.4 2.5 2.4 1.9 -2.2 2.2 1.8 2.3
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.1 1.4 0.9 1.2
Tanning 0.1 0.8 1.8 -0.4 -1.3 -0.2 1.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8
Hand grip strength (left) 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.5 2.7 8.0 0.9 2.8 1.3 -2.5 0.7 1.0 1.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.1 0.6 -1.1 -1.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.8 0.1 -1.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 -0.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 2.1 3.0 4.3 -2.1 -1.8 -1.6 1.8 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.5 0.8 1.4 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1 -0.8
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.6 3.1 1.8 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.8 2.3 8.4 2.2 -0.2 -1.0 -2.9 -0.6 -1.3 -0.5
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.6 8.2 0.8 0.1 -1.2 -2.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.3
Angina 1.6 2.1 3.8 -0.6 -0.9 -1.7 -0.5 -1.9 -2.0 -1.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.6 1.0 0.5 1.0
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.5 2.0 5.3 1.1 -0.1 -1.5 -2.3 -1.2 -1.7 -1.0
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.7 1.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.2 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.8 -0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0
Medication: Metformin 1.4 2.0 5.7 0.6 1.6 1.1 -2.4 1.3 0.4 1.5
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.7 0.7 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.5 0.8
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 5.0 0.9 0.5 -1.1 -2.2 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.5 2.2 8.0 1.9 -0.4 -1.0 -2.8 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7
Impedance of leg (right) 0.7 3.3 16.0 -0.3 -1.8 -0.8 4.0 -0.9 -0.7 -1.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.7 4.0 22.0 0.6 1.3 0.4 -4.7 1.1 0.6 1.4
Trunk fat percentage 1.6 6.5 38.1 2.0 1.7 -0.8 -6.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 0.7 2.0 4.1 -0.1 2.0 1.0 -1.9 1.4 1.1 1.5
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Current tobacco smoking 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 0.6 0.1 0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.0 1.2 2.4 0.8 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.1
Maternal smoking around birth 5.1 7.3 20.1 3.7 2.0 1.1 -4.5 2.0 1.6 2.3
Fed-up feelings 1.1 2.0 3.5 -1.9 -0.9 -1.7 1.1 -0.8 -1.8 -1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.4 5.0 -1.9 -0.6 -0.6 2.2 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2
Relative age voice broke 0.7 1.0 1.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 0.6 1.1 0.8 1.3
Taking other prescription medications 0.5 0.8 3.9 0.4 1.3 0.1 -2.0 -0.0 0.2 0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.6 1.4 4.8 0.6 1.0 1.0 2.2 0.9 1.1 0.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.3 0.3 1.4 1.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.2 2.3 0.1 0.7 1.5 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.1
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.7 2.6 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -1.1 -0.2 -0.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.7 0.9 3.9 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -2.0 1.1 0.5 0.9
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.2 1.4 0.4 -1.4 0.5 0.2 0.5
High blood pressure 0.3 0.9 3.4 -0.3 1.8 0.7 -1.4 0.2 0.3 0.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.6 3.4 15.2 -2.0 -2.1 -0.3 3.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals 1.7 2.2 4.0 -0.5 0.2 1.8 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.7
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.9 1.5 0.6 1.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 2.2 2.9 5.4 0.7 2.3 1.8 -0.7 1.9 1.8 1.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.8 2.9 0.9 1.2 -0.0 -1.7 0.3 0.2 0.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.0 0.6 0.1 0.4 -0.2
Sitting height 0.2 1.6 5.8 -1.7 -1.3 0.3 2.4 0.7 0.1 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.1 1.2 2.5 -0.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.4
High blood pressure (mother) 1.8 2.6 14.0 1.5 0.6 -0.6 -3.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.3
Body mass index (BMI) 2.7 11.4 65.8 2.7 2.5 -0.3 -8.1 0.1 0.2 0.9
Impedance of leg (left) 0.8 3.9 16.9 -1.3 -1.7 -0.9 4.1 -1.1 -0.8 -1.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.8 4.1 22.2 0.6 1.4 0.4 -4.7 1.1 0.7 1.4
Trunk fat mass 1.6 6.9 41.8 1.7 1.6 -0.8 -6.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.2
Waist circumference 3.1 11.2 59.4 2.7 2.8 -0.1 -7.7 1.1 0.5 1.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 4.2 7.0 13.1 2.2 -2.2 -3.6 -2.7 -2.1 -3.2 -2.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.6 3.1 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 1.7 0.0 0.0 -0.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.2 -0.7 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.7
Nervous feelings 0.7 1.3 2.2 0.0 -1.2 -1.3 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.3 0.5 1.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 -1.1 -0.4
Had menopause 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.7
Had other major operations 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.3 -1.0 0.4 0.4 0.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.9 3.6 10.3 -3.2 -1.3 -0.7 2.9 -1.4 -0.7 -1.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4
Qualifications: None of the above 2.1 4.5 20.2 2.5 1.8 -0.9 -4.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.6 0.9 3.1 0.6 0.5 -0.6 -1.8 1.0 -0.4 0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.4 1.3 0.6
Heart attack 1.3 1.7 3.8 0.7 1.9 1.2 -0.8 1.3 1.3 1.4
Allergy 0.9 2.1 10.3 1.7 1.1 -0.1 -3.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.4 0.4 1.8 0.1 1.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.8 1.3 2.3 0.5 1.0 0.9 -1.5 1.5 0.5 1.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 1.2 1.6 2.9 -0.5 0.9 1.7 0.5 1.5 1.7 1.3
Medication: Ramipril 0.5 0.6 1.6 1.0 1.3 0.1 -0.9 0.7 0.1 0.6
Medication: Simvastatin 1.1 1.6 3.8 1.1 1.9 1.3 -1.7 0.5 0.9 0.9
Fluid intelligence score 2.9 6.1 25.4 -3.1 -1.6 -0.7 5.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.5
Illnesses of siblings 3.7 5.3 8.9 -1.9 1.1 3.0 2.9 1.9 2.6 2.1
Neuroticism score 1.1 2.4 4.5 -2.1 -1.1 -1.6 2.0 -0.7 -1.6 -1.1
Weight 1.4 6.9 41.6 1.4 1.8 -0.1 -6.5 0.6 0.4 1.0
Impedance of arm (right) 0.7 3.3 20.1 0.2 -0.8 1.0 4.5 0.8 0.8 0.1
Arm fat percentage (right) 2.3 9.0 49.2 2.7 2.3 0.1 -7.0 0.3 0.5 0.8
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.0 4.9 -0.3 0.5 0.4 -2.2 0.8 0.5 1.0
Hip circumference 1.1 4.8 29.8 0.7 1.6 -0.2 -5.5 0.3 0.3 0.6
Time employed in main current job 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.8 -0.0 -0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.1 1.7 3.6 1.6 1.3 1.3 -1.2 0.4 1.9 0.9
Father’s age at death 1.4 1.9 8.6 0.6 -0.6 1.0 2.9 1.3 0.7 1.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5 1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 2.6 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4 1.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.1
Falls in the last year 0.9 1.2 4.3 -2.1 0.9 -0.1 -0.5 1.3 0.2 1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.7 1.0 2.0 0.5 -1.2 -1.4 -0.3 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.3 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.6 2.1 8.0 -2.8 -0.9 -0.0 2.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9
Pulse rate 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.7 0.0 0.3
Happiness 0.8 0.9 2.2 -1.5 -0.7 -1.0 1.2 -0.3 -1.0 -0.6
Noisy workplace 2.5 3.1 12.9 2.4 1.4 0.5 -3.6 -0.5 0.6 0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 2.1 4.7 13.6 -3.1 0.6 1.7 3.7 1.6 1.6 1.0
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.1 7.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.4 2.7 0.1 0.3 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.1 1.9 4.4 0.0 1.3 1.2 -2.1 1.6 0.9 1.6
Asthma 1.2 2.4 11.2 -1.3 -0.1 1.1 3.4 1.3 0.6 0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.8 1.0 1.7 1.3 -1.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.1 1.7 3.8 0.3 2.0 1.4 -1.6 0.7 1.0 1.4
Depression (self-reported) 1.4 1.6 6.3 -2.5 -1.3 -0.4 1.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9
Medication: Lansoprazole 2.6 3.0 5.8 1.5 2.4 1.6 -2.1 0.9 1.5 1.6
Prospective memory result 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.9 -0.3 0.7 0.8 0.9
Illnesses of mother 4.7 5.8 23.2 -2.6 -0.4 1.7 4.8 1.8 1.6 1.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.5 1.4 7.7 -2.8 -0.9 0.0 1.1 -0.5 0.2 -0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7
Impedance of arm (left) 0.7 3.4 22.2 -0.0 -1.0 0.6 4.7 0.5 0.4 -0.2
Arm fat mass (right) 2.3 9.5 54.5 2.6 2.1 -0.3 -7.4 0.2 0.2 0.8
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.1 5.1 -0.2 0.5 0.5 -2.2 0.9 0.7 1.1
Standing height 0.3 2.6 8.9 -2.3 -1.4 0.5 3.0 1.1 0.5 0.4
Length of working week for main job 2.4 2.6 5.3 -0.5 -1.0 -2.2 -0.3 -1.8 -2.3 -1.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.6 1.7 3.7 -1.1 -1.9 -1.5 -0.5 -1.3 -0.8 -1.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.6 1.4 -0.1 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 5.0 8.3 12.6 -3.0 -3.3 -3.4 2.2 -1.8 -3.6 -2.6
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.9 1.4 3.9 -2.0 -1.4 -0.9 1.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.9 0.8 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.2
Birth weight of first child 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.4 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.8 1.9 6.2 -2.5 0.3 1.3 1.7 0.5 1.3 0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.9 0.2 -0.1 -1.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.6 -0.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 3.0 4.8 17.5 -4.2 -0.8 0.7 3.8 -0.0 0.0 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.8 3.2 -1.0 -0.9 -0.5 1.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.5
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.0 1.3 2.7 0.4 1.3 0.9 -1.6 1.1 0.9 1.4
Medication: Paracetamol 1.1 1.8 7.0 0.7 1.6 0.3 -2.6 1.1 0.3 1.1
Headache pain in last month 0.4 0.8 1.4 -0.6 1.1 0.3 -0.9 1.2 0.6 0.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.8 1.4 4.9 -1.4 -1.4 -0.5 2.2 -0.0 -0.3 -0.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 1.7 0.6 1.3 1.2 -0.1 0.4 1.2 0.6
Gout (self-reported) 0.7 1.0 3.3 -1.8 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.6
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.6 1.1 3.9 -1.0 -0.0 1.0 2.0 0.4 1.3 0.3
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 5.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 -2.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 3.1 4.0 7.5 0.6 1.6 2.7 0.1 2.2 2.5 2.5
Birth weight 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -1.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.0 2.3 5.0 -0.3 -0.7 -2.2 -1.4 -1.4 -2.0 -1.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 4.0 5.8 11.0 1.6 -1.4 -3.3 -1.7 -2.5 -3.0 -2.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.8 3.0 12.1 -3.5 -1.3 -0.5 2.2 -0.9 -0.3 -1.0
Body fat percentage 1.9 7.6 45.2 1.9 1.9 -0.8 -6.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.2
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.2 7.9 47.2 2.0 1.7 -0.9 -6.9 -0.6 -0.2 0.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.5 15.7 -0.2 0.8 -0.0 -4.0 0.7 0.3 0.9
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 2.2 2.9 8.4 -1.2 -2.9 -1.6 0.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.7
Comparative body size at age 10 2.8 7.6 38.6 1.6 1.0 -1.9 -6.2 -1.6 -2.0 -0.9
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.8 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 1.2
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.6 2.8 4.5 -0.5 -1.3 -1.8 1.3 -2.1 -1.8 -2.1
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.6 2.1 8.5 -2.9 -1.2 -1.1 1.2 -0.5 -0.9 -1.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.4 0.4 -0.7 0.2
Number of children fathered 1.9 2.1 4.5 1.4 0.1 -1.1 -2.1 -2.0 -1.2 -1.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.3 1.5 3.7 -1.7 -0.7 -0.5 1.9 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1
Age at first live birth 0.6 1.0 3.7 0.0 0.3 1.0 1.9 0.3 1.4 0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.5 0.6 1.0 -0.3 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.7
Health satisfaction 0.9 1.2 2.3 1.3 0.8 0.3 -1.4 1.5 0.3 1.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.9 1.0 1.8 -1.3 -1.4 -1.2 -0.0 -0.4 -1.3 -0.7
Qualifications: College or University degree 1.6 5.1 20.0 -2.1 0.0 2.0 4.5 1.5 1.9 1.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.9 1.0 2.3 -0.4 0.1 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.4 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.4 1.7 3.1 1.1 -1.8 -1.7 -0.4 -0.8 -1.7 -1.0
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.4 0.7 3.2 -0.9 -0.9 0.0 1.8 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.9 1.3 5.1 0.3 0.8 0.3 -2.2 1.1 0.6 1.2
Medication: Blood pressure 0.7 1.2 3.2 0.6 0.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9
Angina (self-reported) 1.3 1.8 3.5 -0.5 -0.6 -1.5 -0.7 -1.9 -1.8 -1.6
Migraine (self-reported) 2.1 2.6 5.8 2.4 1.1 1.4 -1.8 1.0 1.5 1.5
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.2 1.6 -1.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.0
Medication: Omeprazole 1.1 1.3 3.6 1.8 1.4 -0.4 -1.9 0.1 -0.2 0.4
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.5 0.5 2.4 1.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.3
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.3 0.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.6
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 3.1 0.9 0.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.5 0.6 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0
Whole body fat mass 2.1 8.7 52.6 1.9 1.8 -0.9 -7.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.3
Leg fat mass (right) 2.6 10.1 61.7 2.1 2.0 -0.8 -7.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.4
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.7 16.9 -0.2 0.9 -0.2 -4.1 0.5 0.1 0.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.4 2.6 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -1.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.3
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.5
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.4 4.1 -1.0 -1.5 -1.6 -0.0 -2.0 -1.6 -2.0
Number of full sisters 2.0 2.5 4.6 0.3 -1.3 -2.2 -0.8 -1.9 -1.8 -1.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 1.1 1.8 5.5 -2.2 -0.6 -0.3 2.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Overall health rating 0.4 0.8 4.2 0.6 0.6 -0.6 -2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0
Chest pain or discomfort 1.1 1.5 4.2 -1.3 0.3 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.9 1.1
Had major operations 2.5 3.0 5.5 0.8 1.9 1.8 -0.7 2.3 1.9 2.0
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.5 2.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 1.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.4
Family relationship satisfaction 0.7 0.9 4.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 2.0 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Leg pain on walking 0.7 0.8 2.5 1.2 -1.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -0.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.8 1.9 -0.2 -1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 -1.1 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.1 -1.2 -0.1 0.9 0.7
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.0 2.3 3.7 -0.9 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.5
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.5 2.3 4.6 0.5 -1.3 -1.8 -2.1 -1.4 -1.3 -1.5
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.4 1.0 3.6 -0.2 1.9 0.6 -1.7 0.0 0.2 0.4
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.1 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.0 -0.0 -0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.7 1.0 4.6 1.2 0.9 0.4 -2.2 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.6 1.9 -1.2 -0.8 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.1
Whole body fat-free mass 0.4 2.4 12.1 0.0 1.0 0.5 -3.5 1.1 0.7 1.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.6 3.5 18.0 0.0 1.4 0.5 -4.2 1.2 0.7 1.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.1 8.2 45.4 2.5 2.3 -0.0 -6.7 0.2 0.4 0.7
Average weekly red wine intake 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 4.0 2.0 0.7 0.4 -0.9 0.3 0.2 0.5
Mood swings 0.9 1.6 2.3 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 1.3 -1.5 -1.5 -1.5
Loneliness, isolation 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.0 1.5 3.3 -1.2 -1.2 -1.6 0.7 -0.3 -1.8 -0.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.5 2.6 -0.5 -0.8 0.1 1.6 -0.0 0.2 -0.2
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.9 3.1 0.6 0.7 0.3 -1.8 1.0 -0.1 0.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.8 1.9 4.9 -1.4 0.3 1.3 2.2 1.7 1.0 1.1
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.2 3.8 -1.2 -1.9 -1.4 1.9 -1.0 -1.3 -1.4
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.5 2.3 5.2 -1.2 1.2 2.2 1.4 0.9 2.3 1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.8 0.8 2.7 -1.0 1.0 0.6 1.6 0.7 0.2 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.4 1.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 1.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.2
Medication for cholesterol 0.6 1.0 4.2 0.2 -0.6 -1.1 2.0 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.0 1.2 2.6 -0.4 0.9 1.1 -0.7 1.6 0.8 1.6
Back pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 2.3 3.1 5.8 -1.3 -1.4 -2.0 -0.1 -2.0 -2.4 -2.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.1 1.4 0.7 -0.6 -1.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5
Asthma (self-reported) 1.1 2.3 11.3 -1.1 -0.1 1.2 3.4 1.1 0.5 0.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.6 1.6 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.6 0.2 0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.4 0.6 1.3 0.3 1.2 0.8 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 1.1 1.2 2.7 -0.7 0.7 1.1 -0.0 1.6 1.0 1.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -1.2 -0.7 0.7 -0.2
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 1.1 2.4 5.6 0.5 -0.3 -1.7 -1.5 -2.4 -1.4 -1.9
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.4 12.4 0.1 1.1 0.5 -3.5 1.0 0.7 1.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.4 18.1 0.1 1.4 0.5 -4.3 1.2 0.6 1.4
Arm fat mass (left) 2.3 9.4 52.4 2.5 2.4 -0.0 -7.2 0.3 0.4 0.9
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.2 0.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.6 2.5 -0.4 -1.0 0.1 1.6 0.7 0.2 0.2
Miserableness 1.1 2.0 7.0 -2.6 -0.1 -0.9 1.7 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1
Guilty feelings 0.3 0.4 1.7 -1.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.8 0.9 4.0 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 2.0 0.7 0.2 0.4
Hearing aid user 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.4 0.2
Mother’s age at death 1.3 1.7 9.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.7 3.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 0.6 -0.5 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 3.3 3.8 7.3 0.0 -0.9 -2.7 -1.3 -2.2 -2.5 -2.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 1.8 2.2 5.3 0.6 0.3 1.3 2.3 1.9 1.4 1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.6 0.8 1.6 0.1 1.2 1.1 -0.3 0.7 1.3 0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 1.9 4.4 -0.2 2.1 1.2 -2.0 0.4 1.3 1.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.8 2.2 5.1 1.2 2.3 0.8 -1.6 1.6 0.9 1.6
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 2.1 2.7 4.8 1.2 1.3 2.0 0.2 1.7 2.2 1.9
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.0 1.8 3.5 0.1 1.9 1.5 -1.8 0.8 1.2 1.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.5 1.1 0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.4 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.3 1.9 6.0 0.8 2.5 0.6 -2.0 1.0 0.4 1.1
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 0.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.9 1.1 3.8 -1.9 -0.2 -0.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.6 0.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.1 -0.1 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.8 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.2
Ever smoked 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.6 0.9 1.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.6 3.5 19.9 0.4 1.3 0.4 -4.5 1.0 0.6 1.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.1 7.8 47.5 1.5 1.8 -0.8 -6.9 -0.6 -0.1 -0.0
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.5 20.7 0.3 1.5 0.3 -4.5 0.6 0.6 1.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.4 2.1 2.8 0.8 1.6 1.5 -1.5 1.4 1.6 1.7
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.2 1.7 4.0 -2.0 -1.2 -1.1 1.2 -1.0 -1.0 -1.3
Irritability 1.5 2.5 8.8 -2.1 -1.6 -0.8 3.0 0.5 -0.9 -0.4
Risk taking 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.0 2.2 -1.5 0.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.8 1.0 5.3 2.3 0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 11.3 1.3 1.2 0.5 -3.4 1.1 0.7 1.4
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 -1.1 0.8 -0.0 0.5
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.1 1.5 5.7 1.1 1.7 0.2 -2.4 -0.2 0.5 0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.6 1.9 3.8 1.0 0.9 1.5 0.4 1.9 1.7 1.6
Myopia 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.3 0.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.9 3.5 0.3 -1.9 -0.9 1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.7
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.5 2.2 -1.5 0.3 0.1 -1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.2 1.4 3.7 1.9 1.8 0.0 -1.6 0.2 0.2 0.5
Pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.1 2.2 1.3 0.1 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 1.9 -1.2 -0.9 0.7 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.2
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.7 -0.5 -1.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.1 0.4 1.8 1.0 -0.6 1.1 1.1 1.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 3.3 0.3 1.2 0.8 -1.8 1.0 0.8 1.3
Heart disease (siblings) 0.8 0.9 3.2 0.2 0.3 -1.0 -1.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.2 1.3 2.0 -1.2 0.8 0.9 -0.8 1.4 1.3 1.4
Pack years of smoking 1.1 1.6 5.9 1.8 0.1 -0.6 -2.4 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5
Impedance of whole body 0.8 4.0 23.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.2 4.9 -0.2 -0.2 -1.0
Leg fat mass (left) 2.6 10.2 62.3 1.9 2.1 -0.8 -7.9 -0.3 -0.1 0.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.6 21.3 0.4 1.4 0.2 -4.6 0.6 0.5 1.1