Hub : Genes

MTAP

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0500 0.0190 6.4e-04 0.007 0.030 0.012 0.028 0.010 4.2e-02 1.4e-04 1.0e-02 2.2e-04 1.9e-02
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.1190 0.0330 3.8e-07 0.067 NA 0.104 NA 0.042 3.4e-06 NA 7.2e-09 NA 2.3e-04
3 GTEx Adipose Visceral Omentum 0.2120 0.0670 1.5e-05 0.083 NA 0.047 NA 0.041 4.1e-05 NA 1.7e-03 NA 3.2e-03
4 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0869 0.0331 2.3e-03 0.014 NA 0.005 NA 0.013 2.8e-02 NA 1.1e-01 NA 3.2e-02
5 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1640 0.0400 2.1e-09 0.126 NA 0.154 NA 0.152 1.1e-09 NA 1.2e-11 NA 1.6e-11
6 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.2140 0.0670 3.6e-04 0.094 NA 0.101 NA 0.087 2.5e-06 NA 1.1e-06 NA 6.1e-06
7 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1318 0.0328 2.7e-11 0.118 NA 0.150 NA 0.162 1.2e-11 NA 1.6e-14 NA 1.3e-15
8 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1100 0.0340 2.5e-05 0.070 NA 0.029 NA 0.046 2.1e-06 NA 1.6e-03 NA 1.1e-04
9 METSIM Adipose 0.1028 0.0260 3.9e-07 0.088 0.068 0.088 0.091 0.090 4.1e-13 1.8e-10 4.5e-13 1.8e-13 2.6e-13
10 YFS Blood 0.0230 0.0091 5.1e-04 0.013 0.004 0.007 0.004 0.010 2.1e-05 1.1e-02 1.5e-03 1.2e-02 1.8e-04
11 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.0720 0.0370 3.2e-03 0.036 0.014 0.020 NA 0.024 1.9e-04 1.3e-02 4.3e-03 NA 2.1e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.8 1.3 4.5 -2.1 -1.0 -1.9 -0.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.2 0.5 0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.7 4.2 6.9 -2.4 -2.6 -1.4 -1.9 -0.8 -2.5 -1.4 -2.3 -2.6 -1.2 2.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 2.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.4 -1.0 -1.5 -0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.4 0.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.2 1.8 3.6 -1.7 -1.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.7 -0.2 -1.7 -1.5 -0.6 -0.5 1.9
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 2.0 4.4 1.6 0.4 1.5 -0.6 1.9 -1.6 1.5 0.3 -1.7 -0.1 -2.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.6 1.5 4.3 -1.2 -2.1 -1.2 -0.8 -1.7 -0.2 -2.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 0.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.8 3.8 7.4 -1.4 -2.7 -0.3 -2.2 -0.7 -2.6 -1.3 -2.0 -2.3 -1.9 2.5
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.1 1.4 3.7 0.5 -1.9 0.5 0.4 -1.7 1.1 -1.9 0.3 1.3 0.1 1.5
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 2.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.6 -0.4 0.0 0.3 0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.7 0.8 3.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.6 1.8 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 0.8 1.4 1.3 0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.4 1.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.8 1.9 -0.8 -0.9 -1.4 1.1 -1.2 0.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.7 0.7 0.1
Crohns Disease (2017) 3.6 7.8 11.2 3.1 2.7 3.0 3.4 2.1 3.3 2.3 2.7 2.5 1.9 -3.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.5 5.9 10.1 3.2 2.3 3.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.1 0.9 -2.7
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 1.0 4.4 1.2 0.5 2.1 -0.1 1.5 -0.1 1.1 0.8 0.3 -0.4 -0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 1.7 2.1 5.8 0.7 1.3 0.1 1.7 1.0 1.5 1.2 2.3 2.4 1.5 -0.0
Reaction Time 1.8 3.4 9.2 -2.4 -2.8 -2.0 -0.5 -2.1 0.3 -2.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 3.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.8 1.9 6.8 1.4 -0.8 0.3 -1.5 0.7 -2.6 0.4 -1.0 -2.2 -1.5 -0.2
Breast Cancer 1.5 3.5 14.1 -0.0 2.3 -1.2 2.0 1.3 -1.0 1.4 3.8 2.0 1.5 1.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.8 1.0 6.5 -1.0 -0.5 -2.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 0.2 1.1 0.8 0.3
Prostate Cancer 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3
Age at First Birth 1.4 2.0 6.9 1.7 -0.7 0.9 -2.1 1.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 -1.3 -2.6 -1.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.5 1.4 2.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 -1.5 -1.2 -0.7 0.8
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.7 0.9 2.2 -0.3 -1.3 0.9 -1.1 0.4 -1.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.5 -0.9 0.5
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.4 1.6 5.5 -0.8 0.3 -2.3 0.2 1.9 -1.4 1.9 0.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.1
Crohns Disease (2012) 3.2 5.1 6.6 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.2 1.5 1.7 -2.6
Mean Putamen Volume 0.7 0.8 2.8 0.4 0.3 0.8 -0.0 1.7 -0.1 1.7 -0.5 -1.1 0.2 -0.8
Fasting Glucose 0.8 1.0 5.0 -0.6 -1.8 -2.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.1 0.5 0.0
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 1.6 -0.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 2.9 0.4 -1.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -0.5 -1.1 0.4
LDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.0 4.2 -1.4 -1.2 -0.9 0.5 -1.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.4 0.6 2.0
Lupus 1.4 2.2 4.8 -0.7 -1.1 -2.2 -1.5 -1.0 -1.6 -1.2 -2.1 -1.9 -1.0 0.9
Neuroticism (2016) 0.7 1.0 4.0 -1.7 -1.2 -2.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.7
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.0 1.4 3.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 -1.9 -0.5 -0.9 -1.4 -1.8 -1.4 -1.2 0.2
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.8 3.9 9.4 -1.9 -3.1 -0.9 -2.0 -1.3 -1.6 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6 -2.0 2.7
Triglycerides 0.5 0.8 4.2 -0.4 0.8 -0.1 -1.0 0.4 -2.0 0.5 -0.6 -1.2 -0.9 0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.7 0.8 2.5 -0.4 -0.2 -1.6 -0.7 0.7 -0.2 0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -1.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.5 0.8 2.5 0.1 -1.6 0.7 -1.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.0 -1.2 1.3
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.7 1.9 -0.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 0.9 -0.6 -0.9 1.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.7 8.3 28.8 -2.3 -5.2 -4.2 0.1 -1.0 -2.2 -1.6 0.1 -1.5 -1.4 5.4
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.8 3.5 0.3 1.9 1.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 -0.9
Blood White Count 0.3 2.2 7.1 1.4 -2.6 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -2.7 1.0 0.0 -1.7 -1.8 1.0
Heel T-Score 0.6 4.6 9.1 3.0 1.9 2.7 1.8 2.4 1.3 2.4 2.8 1.9 1.3 -1.0
BMI 0.7 4.0 9.1 -2.8 -1.6 -0.5 -1.8 -2.6 -1.2 -2.7 -1.6 -0.5 -1.7 3.0
Height 0.1 1.9 5.3 0.9 -1.7 -0.3 -2.0 -0.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.3 -1.1 -2.3 -0.9
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.2 0.9 4.0 0.8 -0.1 -2.0 -0.0 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -1.9
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.6 2.8 8.8 -1.2 -2.3 -2.4 -0.7 -3.0 -0.1 -1.8 -1.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4
Smoking Status 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.9 0.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.0 3.5 -0.7 0.1 0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -0.9 -1.9 0.7
Cardiovascular Disease 1.0 3.4 10.7 -2.1 -2.5 -1.8 -0.5 -3.3 0.3 -2.7 -0.8 1.0 -1.2 1.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 3.0 7.0 20.0 -4.2 -2.4 -4.5 -0.6 -3.5 0.4 -3.5 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 2.6
Respiratory disease 0.3 0.7 3.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -1.8 -0.0 -1.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.5 1.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.4 0.7 2.8 -0.5 0.3 -1.6 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -1.7
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 1.8 7.3 0.1 2.2 2.7 -0.1 1.3 -0.6 2.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6
Lung FVC 0.4 2.1 4.7 -0.6 0.0 -2.1 1.7 -1.0 2.2 -0.6 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4
Neuroticism 0.4 1.1 3.9 -0.7 -1.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -2.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 0.5
Chronotype (morning person) 1.1 2.5 6.6 -1.4 -1.5 -0.5 -2.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.1 -1.9 -2.1 -1.9 -0.3
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.3 11.3 1.9 1.2 3.4 1.6 -0.7 1.3 -0.7 0.7 1.7 0.3 -0.5
Tanning 0.3 3.2 13.4 2.6 0.9 1.3 -0.0 3.7 -0.5 2.2 0.3 -1.3 0.0 -2.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.5 1.9 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.8 1.5 5.2 -2.0 -1.6 -1.3 -0.1 -2.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.6 0.8 1.7 -0.4 -0.4 -1.3 0.6 -1.0 1.0 -1.1 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.9
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.9 0.9 -1.1 0.5 0.9 0.4 -0.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.0 2.4 -1.1 -1.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.0 -1.2 -0.9 -0.5 1.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7
Relative age of first facial hair 0.8 1.6 3.6 -0.2 -1.9 -0.3 -1.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3 -1.8 -0.9 -1.7 0.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.9 2.5 7.5 -0.8 -1.9 -2.7 -0.0 -2.5 0.5 -2.6 -0.6 0.8 -0.6 1.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 -0.0
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.2 0.2 -0.1 1.2 -0.9
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.3 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 1.9 -0.4 -0.3 -1.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.1 -0.2
Angina 1.7 2.2 5.4 -1.3 1.2 -1.0 1.3 1.8 -0.4 2.3 2.1 0.8 1.6 -1.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 -1.3 0.8 -0.7 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 2.4 3.2 8.7 1.9 3.0 1.9 1.4 2.1 0.0 2.6 1.5 -0.3 1.0 -1.9
Supplements: Zinc 0.6 0.6 2.2 0.3 -1.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.0 1.3 -0.7 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.9
Medication: Co-codamol 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.6 -0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.0
Medication: Metformin 1.0 1.4 4.8 -1.5 -0.5 -2.2 0.8 -0.9 1.6 -0.1 1.0 1.5 1.0 -0.3
Diabetes (father) 2.3 2.9 4.8 -2.1 -1.0 -1.2 -2.2 -2.1 -1.0 -1.8 -2.2 -1.3 -2.1 0.7
Diabetes (mother) 1.0 1.3 3.0 -1.1 -0.9 -1.7 -1.4 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -1.3 -0.3 -1.5 0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.3 0.5 2.6 -0.4 0.4 1.1 0.4 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 0.9 4.2 0.8 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.9 -2.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 2.9 4.9 -0.8 -1.9 -0.6 -2.0 -1.7 -1.3 -2.2 -2.0 -1.2 -2.2 2.1
Trunk fat percentage 0.4 1.5 4.0 -1.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.5 -2.0 -1.1 -1.7 -1.1 -0.4 -1.2 1.6
Hand grip strength (right) 0.3 0.9 4.8 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -1.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -2.2 -0.6
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.4 0.6 2.8 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.0 -1.7
Current tobacco smoking 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.8 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.0 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 0.1 -1.0 0.8 -1.2 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.9
Maternal smoking around birth 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.3 -0.0 -1.0 0.1 0.2 1.2 -0.5 0.4 0.8 -0.4 -0.6
Fed-up feelings 0.8 1.5 3.3 -0.2 -1.1 -0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.7 -0.8 -1.8 -1.5 -1.8 -0.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.0 4.9 -1.8 -1.1 -1.6 -0.5 -2.0 0.6 -1.9 -1.0 0.3 -1.0 2.2
Relative age voice broke 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 0.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.2 -0.1 -1.4 1.0 -1.1 0.7 -0.3 0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.6 1.4 4.9 -1.2 -0.0 0.1 1.3 -1.0 1.8 -0.5 0.9 2.2 0.9 1.3
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.7 0.8 2.8 -0.7 -1.7 -1.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 0.7 0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.5 1.2 3.0 0.9 0.3 0.8 1.3 0.7 0.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 0.4 0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.5 0.5 2.0 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 0.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.6
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.9 2.5 5.2 -1.5 -1.2 -1.8 0.8 -2.1 1.6 -1.8 0.4 2.3 0.4 2.0
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -1.3 0.9
High blood pressure 1.5 4.1 14.8 -2.9 -2.7 -1.4 -0.7 -3.8 -0.2 -2.4 -1.2 0.0 -1.0 1.8
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.3 0.6 1.6 -1.2 0.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -1.3 -0.8 -0.9 0.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 3.0 3.8 9.0 -2.2 -3.0 -1.9 -1.9 -2.3 -0.5 -2.6 -2.1 -0.2 -1.2 1.5
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.7 2.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.0 -0.4 -1.5 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -1.0 1.1
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.7 2.2 4.2 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6 -1.5 -1.8 -1.5 -1.6 -2.0 -1.1 -1.7 1.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.2 1.3 0.6 0.5 1.3 -0.7 1.1 0.6 -0.2 0.1 -1.0
Medication: Atenolol 0.6 0.7 2.6 -1.1 -1.6 -0.8 0.3 -1.3 -0.4 -1.0 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 2.1 3.5 9.7 -2.6 -1.6 -3.1 0.5 -2.4 0.8 -2.5 -0.5 0.8 0.6 2.2
Sitting height 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.9 0.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.1 -1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.7 1.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.8 0.9 2.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -1.6 0.7 -1.3 -1.0 -0.1 -1.5 1.0
High blood pressure (mother) 0.6 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.4 1.3
Body mass index (BMI) 0.6 2.4 5.3 -2.1 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.9 -1.3 -2.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 2.3
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.9 2.8 0.4 0.7 0.0 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.5 -1.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.5 2.7 4.5 -0.8 -1.8 -0.6 -1.9 -1.6 -1.2 -2.1 -1.8 -1.1 -2.1 2.0
Trunk fat mass 0.7 3.0 6.1 -1.5 -1.8 -0.2 -1.3 -2.5 -1.5 -2.4 -1.7 -0.9 -1.9 2.1
Waist circumference 1.3 4.7 8.9 -1.9 -2.2 -1.3 -2.1 -2.5 -2.0 -3.0 -2.5 -1.7 -2.3 1.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.4 -0.0 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 5.8 -1.2 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.8 2.4 0.1
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.5 0.8 3.1 -1.4 -0.0 -0.9 -1.1 0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 -1.8 -0.3 -0.0
Nervous feelings 1.0 1.9 5.8 -1.0 -2.4 -1.7 -1.2 -1.5 -0.2 -2.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.9 1.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.6 1.0 2.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.9 3.0 5.5 -0.9 -1.7 -2.3 -2.1 -1.2 -1.6 -2.2 -2.1 -1.6 -1.7 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.0
Had menopause 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.8 -0.9 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.4
Had other major operations 0.3 0.3 1.5 1.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.2 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.6 2.3 5.7 -1.2 -1.7 -2.1 -0.6 -1.9 1.3 -2.0 -0.2 1.0 -0.3 2.4
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.5 1.2 4.0 1.3 0.3 0.9 1.0 1.5 0.3 2.0 1.6 0.9 0.2 0.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.4 1.7 4.2 0.2 -1.0 -2.1 0.5 -1.1 2.0 -0.7 1.1 1.8 -0.6 1.8
Qualifications: None of the above 0.3 0.7 2.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.8 -0.8 1.3 -0.4 0.7 1.3 1.4 0.4
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.7 -0.5 -1.3 0.5 -0.4 1.3 -0.6 0.4 1.2 0.5 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.7 0.9
Heart attack 1.9 2.4 7.2 0.3 0.9 -1.2 1.4 2.0 -0.4 2.7 1.9 0.7 1.2 -2.2
Allergy 0.3 0.6 1.6 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 1.0 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.9
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.3 0.5 -1.4 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.5 -1.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.3 1.3 1.1 -0.1 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.4
Medication: Ramipril 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.1 -0.1 -1.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.8 0.2 0.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.5 2.9 -1.0 0.3 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.6 -1.7
Fluid intelligence score 1.0 2.0 7.1 1.2 -0.1 0.1 -1.2 1.7 -2.7 1.0 -0.6 -2.6 -0.6 -1.0
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.6 4.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 2.1
Neuroticism score 0.9 1.9 5.6 -1.0 -1.5 -1.3 -1.3 -1.9 -0.8 -2.4 -1.4 -0.6 -1.3 0.7
Weight 0.9 4.4 8.1 -1.9 -2.4 -0.9 -2.0 -2.6 -1.7 -2.8 -2.1 -1.1 -2.2 2.6
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.6 3.1 1.8 1.0 1.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.7 -1.7
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.4 7.7 -1.9 -1.9 -0.5 -1.2 -2.7 -1.3 -2.8 -2.0 -0.9 -1.7 2.0
Trunk fat-free mass 1.1 6.1 10.1 -1.6 -3.2 -1.9 -3.1 -2.5 -1.8 -3.1 -2.7 -1.7 -2.6 2.3
Hip circumference 1.7 7.5 10.7 -2.9 -2.7 -0.8 -2.8 -3.0 -2.5 -3.2 -3.1 -2.1 -2.8 3.3
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.7 4.2 0.2 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -1.3 0.6 -0.6 0.5 0.8 0.0 2.1
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.3 0.5 3.6 0.2 0.7 1.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.9 0.3 0.4 -0.1
Father’s age at death 1.6 2.2 6.2 2.5 -0.1 1.4 -1.8 0.5 -1.2 -1.0 -1.4 -1.3 -2.5 -0.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 2.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 -0.1 -1.6 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1 0.6
Falls in the last year 0.9 1.2 3.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3 0.6 -1.7 1.3 -1.1 0.3 1.6 0.6 1.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.8 0.6 0.1 -0.4
Number of live births 0.4 0.5 1.4 -1.2 0.5 -0.9 0.6 -0.8 0.4 -0.3 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.3
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.7 2.2 6.9 -1.8 -1.4 -2.1 -1.0 -1.7 0.7 -1.7 -0.7 0.2 -0.3 2.6
Pulse rate 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.6 0.4 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3
Happiness 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6
Noisy workplace 0.7 0.9 5.3 1.0 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.6 -2.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.7 1.5 4.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.1 -2.0 0.2 -1.7 -0.4 -1.3 -2.1 -1.6 0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 4.0 -0.7 -1.6 -2.0 -1.6 -0.3 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.9 2.2 0.5 1.5 0.8 1.2 0.1 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 -0.8
Asthma 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.5
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.2 2.8 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 -1.3 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6 -1.5 1.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.8 -0.2 0.6 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.3 -1.2
Depression (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.6 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -0.2 -1.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.8 0.9 1.8 0.5 1.4 0.3 1.2 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.3 0.7 1.0 -0.6
Prospective memory result 1.3 1.6 3.9 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.8 1.1 0.2
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.1 -0.1 1.1 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.5 0.1
Illnesses of mother 0.9 1.1 3.8 1.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.3 0.8 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.9 3.6 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3 -0.7 1.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 1.9
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.8 2.1 5.2 -2.2 -0.2 -2.3 -1.5 -2.0 -0.0 -1.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.4 7.0 2.0 1.6 2.6 1.4 1.3 0.7 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.8 -1.9
Arm fat mass (right) 1.0 4.2 8.8 -2.2 -2.2 -0.7 -1.5 -2.8 -1.6 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 -1.8 2.6
Trunk predicted mass 1.0 5.9 9.9 -1.5 -3.1 -1.8 -3.0 -2.5 -1.7 -3.1 -2.6 -1.6 -2.5 2.3
Standing height 0.3 3.0 6.7 -0.1 -2.6 -0.5 -2.5 -1.9 -1.2 -2.2 -1.9 -1.0 -2.0 0.9
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.7 2.3 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.3 1.2 0.2 1.5 0.3 -0.4 -0.2 -1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.3 -0.8 0.3 1.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.4 1.3 1.4 -1.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.8 1.0 1.8 0.9 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 -0.7
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4 0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.6 1.0 2.9 -0.6 -1.1 -0.8 0.6 -0.8 1.3 -0.8 1.0 1.7 0.5 1.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.8 1.9 6.7 -0.6 -1.1 0.2 -1.2 0.9 -2.6 1.0 -1.6 -2.2 -0.4 -1.5
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.2 3.9 0.6 1.3 0.5 -0.8 1.5 0.2 1.6 0.2 -0.2 -1.1 -2.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.6 0.7 -1.3 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 1.0
Pulse wave reflection index 1.1 1.4 3.4 -1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.1 -1.9 1.4 -1.2 0.6 1.5 0.5 1.6
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.6 1.9 5.5 -1.9 -0.8 -1.4 -0.3 -1.7 1.3 -1.7 0.0 1.3 -0.6 2.4
Loud music exposure frequency 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 -1.1 -0.9
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.1 1.7 4.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.4 -1.6 -0.9 -1.6 -2.0 -0.5 0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.5 1.9 5.4 0.0 -1.6 -0.7 -1.8 -1.0 -1.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.1 -2.3 1.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 2.6 3.4 7.1 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 0.9 2.7 2.6 1.4 1.5 -1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 0.3 0.5 2.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 0.2 -1.4 -0.4 0.3 0.1 1.2
Headache pain in last month 0.8 1.4 6.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.8 -1.3 2.5 -0.8 0.8 1.6 1.1 1.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.8 6.6 2.0 1.9 -0.0 0.7 2.6 0.5 1.7 0.6 -0.0 0.9 -0.8
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.4 -0.2 -1.9 -1.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.7 0.4 -1.4
Gout (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 2.1 4.1 12.0 -3.3 -1.3 -3.5 0.3 -2.7 0.9 -2.6 -0.5 0.7 0.6 2.2
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 5.2 -0.8 -1.7 -0.6 -0.4 -2.3 0.2 -1.5 -0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.7 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.6 1.3 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.7 -0.7
Birth weight 0.9 1.9 5.6 2.1 1.8 -0.1 -0.1 2.2 -0.9 1.3 0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -2.4
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 2.2 2.5 6.9 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -2.6 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -1.9 -1.1 -2.6 0.4
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.0 -0.7 1.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -1.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.9 2.8 -0.5 -1.2 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7 1.4 -0.9 0.1 0.8 -0.2 1.7
Body fat percentage 0.4 1.6 4.3 -1.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.6 -2.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.2 -0.6 -1.1 1.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.1 3.0 -1.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 -1.7 -0.9 -1.7 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.8 4.3 6.6 -1.7 -2.1 -1.8 -2.4 -1.9 -1.8 -2.6 -2.1 -1.5 -1.9 2.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.9 0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 0.2 0.5 2.5 -0.6 -0.5 -1.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.7
Number of full brothers 1.3 1.6 5.0 -1.5 -1.2 -1.7 0.0 -2.2 0.5 -2.2 -0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.6
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.3 0.4 2.5 -0.3 -0.6 -1.6 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.9 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.5 2.0 5.5 -1.3 -1.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.7 -0.3 -2.3 -0.7 0.2 -1.3 1.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.9 1.6 5.3 -0.4 -1.3 0.3 -1.4 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9 -1.6 -1.1 -2.3 0.6
Number of children fathered 2.3 2.6 6.2 1.4 1.9 1.9 0.8 2.3 0.6 2.5 1.0 -0.2 1.2 -2.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.9 -0.8
Age at first live birth 0.9 1.7 6.8 2.6 0.8 1.5 -0.2 2.2 -0.7 1.4 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -1.0
Pulse wave peak to peak time 1.6 1.9 4.8 2.2 0.0 2.2 1.3 1.8 -0.1 1.5 1.4 0.5 0.9 -0.8
Health satisfaction 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 0.7
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.4 -0.4 -1.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.8 -0.9 1.0
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.5 1.7 4.1 1.7 1.0 0.3 -0.9 2.0 -0.8 1.4 -0.2 -1.6 -1.8 -1.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.6 0.7 3.4 -0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.1 -0.8 0.9 -0.9 -0.2 0.4 -0.0 1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.8 0.9 2.9 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.6 -1.1 0.0 -1.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.2
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.1 1.3 3.4 -1.4 -0.6 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -0.6 -1.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.3 0.7
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.3 3.7 1.9 1.6 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.9
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.3 1.9 4.7 -2.2 -0.9 -2.0 0.2 -1.6 0.9 -1.7 -0.8 0.2 0.6 2.0
Medication: Blood pressure 3.6 6.4 20.0 -3.2 -3.3 -1.3 -1.8 -4.5 -1.1 -3.2 -1.9 -0.3 -1.9 2.3
Angina (self-reported) 1.8 2.4 5.6 -1.2 1.3 -1.0 1.6 1.7 -0.3 2.4 2.2 1.0 1.8 -1.5
Migraine (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 3.7 0.8 1.6 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.6 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.9 -0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.5 1.8 3.0 -1.0 -1.4 -0.7 -1.7 -1.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.7 -1.2 -1.7 0.9
Medication: Allopurinol 0.7 1.0 2.6 -0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 -1.4
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.6 1.8 5.5 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -2.2 -0.3 -1.4 -1.3 -2.4 0.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.8 1.4 4.3 -1.1 -1.7 -0.7 0.7 -1.7 1.1 -1.3 0.1 0.7 0.4 2.1
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 3.7 -1.6 -1.6 -1.9 -1.3 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 1.4 1.6 4.7 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -1.5 0.7 -2.0 -0.8 0.6 -1.5 2.2
Whole body fat mass 0.9 3.7 7.1 -1.8 -2.0 -0.5 -1.5 -2.7 -1.7 -2.6 -2.0 -1.1 -1.9 2.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.7 2.5 4.8 -1.6 -1.4 -0.6 -1.3 -2.1 -1.6 -2.2 -1.8 -1.3 -1.6 1.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.1 5.5 8.3 -1.9 -2.6 -2.0 -2.9 -2.2 -2.1 -2.7 -2.4 -1.8 -2.3 2.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.4 1.5 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.5
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.7 2.7 -1.6 0.2 0.5 0.7 -1.4 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.7 1.0 0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.0 7.1 0.7 -1.2 1.7 -2.2 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 -2.7 0.3
Number of full sisters 2.8 3.4 5.6 -2.1 -2.0 -1.1 -1.8 -2.1 -1.8 -2.0 -2.4 -1.7 -1.7 0.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.4 1.5 0.0 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1
Overall health rating 0.3 0.7 1.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 1.2 -1.0 0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.9 0.4 1.2
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.4 2.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.6 0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.3
Had major operations 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.1 -0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -1.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.6 2.9 1.7 0.6 0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.7 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.6 -0.3
Family relationship satisfaction 0.8 1.0 3.4 -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 -1.8 0.8 -1.3 -0.0 1.2 -0.7 0.9
Leg pain on walking 1.5 1.9 4.3 -1.8 -0.9 -0.8 -1.7 -1.0 -1.3 -0.1 -1.4 -1.0 -2.1 1.8
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.9 1.1 3.8 -0.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -1.3 -0.8 -1.9 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 2.0 2.4 5.0 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.0 1.9 -0.4 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.9 -1.8
Medication: Aspirin 1.1 1.5 5.2 -2.3 -2.2 -1.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.5 0.1 0.1 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.3 1.5 3.5 -0.3 -1.9 0.8 -1.9 -0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.7 -0.4
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 2.2 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -1.2 -1.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 1.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.2 3.4 12.2 -2.5 -2.4 -1.4 -0.7 -3.5 -0.2 -2.4 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 1.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.5 0.6 3.3 1.4 0.3 -0.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -1.8 -0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 2.9 4.0 16.5 -0.7 2.4 0.6 0.2 3.2 -1.1 4.1 0.8 -1.3 0.2 -2.5
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.5 0.6 3.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.6 -1.2 -1.8
Smoking status: Previous 1.1 1.7 6.5 2.5 0.5 1.7 -0.6 0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -2.6 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.6 1.2 -0.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.7
Whole body fat-free mass 0.8 4.7 7.5 -1.4 -2.7 -1.5 -2.6 -2.2 -1.6 -2.7 -2.4 -1.4 -2.4 2.3
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.6 4.4 -0.9 -2.0 -0.8 -1.8 -1.7 -1.1 -2.0 -1.7 -0.8 -1.9 2.1
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.7 5.9 -1.8 -1.6 0.0 -1.0 -2.3 -1.4 -2.4 -1.7 -0.8 -1.6 2.0
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.9 1.3 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.8 0.0 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 1.1 0.3
Mood swings 1.2 2.2 5.0 -2.2 -0.9 -2.2 -0.6 -2.2 0.5 -1.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.2 2.2
Loneliness, isolation 0.9 1.2 2.4 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5 1.1 -1.4 1.1 -1.4 0.5 1.6 0.9 1.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.6 2.4 9.9 -1.4 -1.9 -3.2 -0.9 -2.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.1 -0.4 -1.4 0.6
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -0.5 0.6 0.3 0.2 -0.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.5 0.9 4.3 0.0 0.6 -1.2 -0.6 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.8 -2.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.7 1.9 3.4 1.2 1.2 0.3 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.5 -1.4
Friendships satisfaction 2.7 3.3 5.5 -1.8 -2.3 -2.2 -2.2 -2.1 -0.9 -2.2 -1.6 -0.4 -2.2 0.6
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.6 1.0 -0.2 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4 -0.7
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.5 1.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 0.5 -0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -0.4 0.8 0.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 3.2 0.8 1.0 -0.0 -0.8 0.7 -1.8 1.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 2.0 3.2 8.3 2.9 2.5 1.1 0.9 1.8 0.6 2.2 1.9 0.9 0.2 -2.4
Medication for cholesterol 0.9 1.3 4.5 1.4 1.5 2.1 0.9 1.5 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.1 1.2 -0.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.0 1.2 5.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 -1.3 -1.1 0.0 0.6 -0.6 2.4
Back pain experienced in last month 2.8 4.0 9.7 -2.3 -1.3 -2.2 -1.5 -3.1 0.5 -2.7 -2.0 0.1 -1.7 2.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements 3.6 4.8 8.0 2.3 2.4 1.0 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.7 1.6 1.6 -2.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -1.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 -1.3 -0.7 -0.8 0.0
Asthma (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 0.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.2
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 2.0 2.6 5.4 2.1 2.1 1.3 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.4 1.8 2.3 0.4 0.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 1.0 4.5 -2.1 -1.7 -1.1 -0.7 -0.2 -1.0 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.2
Medication: Gliclazide 0.4 0.4 2.0 -1.2 -0.5 -1.4 0.1 -0.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.4
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.5 -1.5 1.3 -0.6 0.2 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.3 -1.2
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.9 -1.4 0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.6 1.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.4 1.1 0.3 1.3 -0.1 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.1
Whole body water mass 0.9 4.9 7.9 -1.4 -2.7 -1.4 -2.7 -2.3 -1.7 -2.8 -2.5 -1.5 -2.4 2.4
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.6 4.5 -0.9 -2.1 -0.7 -1.8 -1.8 -1.1 -2.1 -1.7 -0.8 -1.8 2.1
Arm fat mass (left) 1.1 4.7 9.3 -2.3 -2.2 -0.7 -1.7 -2.9 -1.8 -3.1 -2.2 -1.3 -1.9 2.7
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.6 1.0 2.8 -0.8 -0.2 -0.4 0.6 -1.4 1.2 -0.5 1.3 1.7 -0.6 1.3
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 -0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3
Miserableness 0.8 1.3 3.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.7 -1.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.5
Guilty feelings 0.8 1.2 3.7 -0.9 -1.3 -0.0 -0.4 -1.9 -0.0 -1.8 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 1.2
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.4 1.6 4.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 1.3 -0.6 1.7 0.0 1.9 1.9 1.1 2.2
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 2.5 -1.2 -0.3 -1.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 1.3
Hearing aid user 1.1 1.2 3.2 1.8 0.8 1.7 1.2 0.1 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 -1.2
Mother’s age at death 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1
Financial situation satisfaction 1.5 1.9 4.5 -1.7 -2.1 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.8 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 1.6
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.4 2.9 7.9 -2.1 -1.6 -1.1 -0.8 -2.8 -1.0 -2.7 -1.7 -0.5 -1.0 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.9 4.0 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.9 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.8 1.1 -2.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.6 0.7 3.5 -0.8 -1.3 -1.9 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.5 -1.0
Medication: Blood pressure 1.0 2.0 9.8 -1.3 -1.6 -3.1 -0.7 -2.0 -0.2 -1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 4.1 5.2 13.0 -3.6 -2.6 -3.0 -1.1 -3.2 -0.4 -2.8 -2.0 -0.6 0.4 2.3
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 2.9 3.8 5.9 -2.4 -2.4 -0.9 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -2.3 -2.3 -1.2 -1.3 1.9
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.6 2.7 -1.6 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.5 3.8 11.5 -3.4 -2.1 -2.1 -1.0 -2.9 -0.2 -2.4 -1.9 -1.1 -0.2 0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.7 1.1 2.8 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.0 -1.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.4 1.7
Medication: Lisinopril 1.8 2.3 4.2 -2.0 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -2.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.3 -0.8 -1.7 0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.4 0.5 2.6 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.1 1.0 -0.4 1.6 1.0 0.4 -0.1 0.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.2 3.0 -1.5 0.3 -0.3 0.7 -1.2 1.3 -0.9 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.7
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.4 0.4 1.1 -1.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.0 0.1
Ever smoked 0.2 0.4 1.6 1.3 0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1
Basal metabolic rate 0.9 4.9 8.1 -1.6 -2.7 -1.3 -2.6 -2.3 -1.6 -2.9 -2.4 -1.4 -2.4 2.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.1 3.5 -1.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.0 -1.9 -0.6 -1.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.3 1.2
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.2 6.0 10.8 -2.2 -2.7 -2.4 -2.7 -2.6 -1.7 -3.3 -2.5 -1.5 -2.0 2.7
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.0 1.5 3.2 -0.1 -1.8 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -1.3 -1.7 -1.0 -1.3 -1.6 0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.2 1.8 3.6 -0.8 -1.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.9 -0.9 -1.8 1.4
Irritability 3.0 5.1 9.3 -1.7 -3.1 -2.1 -2.7 -2.3 -2.3 -2.9 -1.8 -1.1 -2.4 1.7
Risk taking 0.5 0.7 3.2 1.8 0.5 0.3 -0.2 1.4 -0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.0 -1.3 0.0
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.5 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.9 2.4 4.9 1.9 1.2 1.4 -0.5 2.2 -1.9 1.7 -0.3 -2.1 -0.8 -1.4
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.4 4.3 10.4 -1.2 -2.1 -0.8 -1.6 -3.2 -0.8 -2.7 -2.6 -1.1 -2.7 2.1
Ever depressed for a whole week 2.6 3.2 9.1 1.0 1.4 -0.9 2.1 0.8 3.0 1.3 2.5 2.4 1.5 0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.8 1.0 1.9 -1.1 -1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.4 1.7 5.4 1.8 0.8 0.2 1.4 0.3 2.2 0.8 1.3 2.3 -0.2 -0.1
Myopia 0.3 0.5 1.6 0.9 -1.3 -0.3 0.6 -0.4 1.0 -0.4 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.4
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.1 3.0 9.7 2.8 2.5 1.9 0.5 3.1 0.3 1.7 0.7 -0.1 0.8 -1.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 3.6 -1.9 -0.8 -1.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 0.0 0.3
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 1.2 -0.6 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1
Pain experienced in last month 3.1 5.2 14.9 2.6 2.5 2.6 1.0 3.9 -0.2 3.3 1.6 -0.4 0.9 -2.8
Supplements: Calcium 0.7 0.7 3.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.7 1.8 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 7.0 1.7 1.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 -2.6
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.5 2.0 5.6 -0.0 0.8 -1.2 1.4 1.6 -0.3 2.4 1.9 0.9 1.2 -1.9
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 2.3 3.0 7.0 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.1 2.3 2.6 1.6 1.6 -0.9
Heart disease (siblings) 2.4 3.0 6.3 1.9 1.2 -0.4 1.8 0.7 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.5 1.1 -2.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.9
Pack years of smoking 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.4 0.5 1.4 0.4 -0.0 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7
Impedance of whole body 0.5 2.4 3.6 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.6 -1.9
Leg fat mass (left) 0.6 2.2 4.6 -1.6 -1.5 -0.6 -1.0 -2.1 -1.4 -2.1 -1.4 -0.8 -1.3 1.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 1.1 5.6 9.9 -2.1 -2.7 -2.3 -2.6 -2.7 -1.6 -3.1 -2.4 -1.4 -1.9 2.7