Hub : Genes

NEK6

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1095 0.0504 7.2e-03 0.018 NA 0.029 NA 0.019 1.8e-02 NA 3.9e-03 NA 1.6e-02
2 GTEx Pancreas 0.3970 0.0910 5.2e-05 0.263 NA 0.138 NA 0.262 1.5e-11 NA 2.1e-06 NA 1.7e-11
3 GTEx Thyroid 0.2030 0.0490 4.4e-10 0.208 NA 0.181 NA 0.205 7.9e-16 NA 8.0e-14 NA 1.3e-15
4 GTEx Whole Blood 0.2010 0.0460 8.4e-08 0.037 NA 0.055 NA 0.053 2.2e-04 NA 8.3e-06 NA 1.1e-05
5 NTR Blood 0.1268 0.0235 0.0e+00 0.077 0.085 0.089 0.092 0.091 1.0e-23 3.9e-26 4.1e-27 5.0e-28 6.3e-28
6 YFS Blood 0.1150 0.0234 5.6e-17 0.058 0.071 0.083 0.082 0.081 1.8e-18 2.8e-22 9.9e-26 1.7e-25 3.7e-25
7 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0379 0.0173 1.4e-05 0.019 0.021 0.017 NA 0.021 7.7e-05 2.5e-05 1.3e-04 NA 2.5e-05
8 TCGA Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma 0.1440 0.0750 3.6e-03 0.018 0.054 0.027 NA 0.037 5.6e-02 2.8e-03 2.7e-02 NA 1.1e-02
9 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0576 0.0273 1.6e-04 0.012 0.036 0.019 NA 0.020 1.8e-02 1.0e-04 4.3e-03 NA 3.0e-03

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.4 0.7 2.6 -1.0 -0.0 1.6 -1.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -1.0 0.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.2 0.4 1.4 -0.8 -0.2 1.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 5.7 12.0 24.7 -3.1 4.7 -2.0 3.1 5.0 4.0 1.0 4.5 0.1
Depression (Nagel 2018) 4.6 7.0 15.6 -1.0 3.4 -1.5 2.6 3.9 3.4 1.4 3.4 -0.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 1.9 6.6 -0.7 -1.3 -2.2 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -2.6 0.0 -1.9
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 5.7 13.5 27.7 -3.1 5.3 -2.3 2.9 4.9 4.3 0.9 5.2 -0.4
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.7
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.7 0.9 3.5 1.9 -0.5 0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8 0.9 -0.8 0.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 4.5 9.5 23.4 -2.9 4.8 -1.3 1.8 4.1 3.4 1.0 4.4 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.1 1.3 2.1 -0.4 -1.5 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.8 3.0 6.4 -1.7 -2.5 1.4 -2.3 -2.1 -1.5 -0.2 -2.0 0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.6 3.8 7.1 -1.4 -2.7 0.7 -2.2 -2.5 -2.3 -1.5 -2.2 -0.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.8 1.8 3.7 -0.7 -1.5 0.5 -1.9 -1.9 -1.7 -1.5 -0.6 -0.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 1.4 3.4 7.6 -0.8 -2.2 0.5 -2.3 -2.8 -2.4 -1.9 -1.0 -1.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.7 3.2 7.1 -0.9 -2.4 0.8 -2.1 -2.7 -2.5 -1.4 -1.4 -0.4
Major Depression (MDD) 2.4 2.9 6.0 -0.5 2.3 -1.6 2.3 2.4 2.0 0.2 1.4 0.3
Reaction Time 0.2 0.3 1.4 -0.7 0.9 -0.2 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.0 0.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.5 2.3 0.1 -0.6 -1.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 -1.1 -0.2 -0.3
Breast Cancer 1.7 4.0 10.3 -1.8 -0.4 -3.0 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 -2.9 1.7 -3.2
Ovarian Cancer 0.4 0.6 1.5 -0.6 0.1 1.2 -0.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 -0.2 0.7
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 2.5 0.1 1.4 -0.4 0.7 1.1 1.6 1.0 0.5 0.6
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.6 0.6 4.4 -2.1 -0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.8 2.5 6.6 -2.0 0.8 -2.6 2.4 0.3 -0.2 -1.1 0.9 -1.8
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.6 0.8 1.6 -0.6 -1.3 1.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -1.2 0.7
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.1 1.8 4.4 -2.1 -1.4 0.4 -1.4 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0 -0.9
Mean Putamen Volume 0.6 0.6 1.2 -0.9 0.9 -0.4 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.3 -0.2
Fasting Glucose 1.7 2.1 5.5 1.0 1.1 -2.3 1.7 0.9 0.9 -1.0 1.8 -1.5
HbA1C 1.4 1.6 6.9 2.6 0.8 1.0 -1.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.5 0.7
HDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 2.7 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.4 -0.3 1.7
LDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.6 1.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.8 1.0 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4
Lupus 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.5 -0.9 -1.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.6
Neuroticism (2016) 2.2 3.2 7.0 -1.2 2.5 -1.4 1.5 2.6 1.9 0.5 2.4 0.1
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.7 1.0 2.9 -0.8 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -1.6 -0.4 -1.7 -0.6
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.9 1.3 3.5 -1.5 -0.8 -1.0 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.9 -0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.6 1.5 -0.5 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.2
Triglycerides 0.8 1.3 4.2 -0.2 -0.4 -1.3 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -1.7 1.0 -2.0
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.7 1.9 3.5 1.3 1.6 0.5 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.9 0.8 1.7
Ulcerative Colitis 1.0 1.5 3.6 -0.8 -1.9 -0.5 -0.3 -1.9 -1.5 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.2 16.6 36.1 -4.2 2.3 -6.0 3.6 2.4 2.4 -3.2 5.6 -4.9
Blood Platelet Count 1.4 16.3 41.3 -6.4 2.7 -5.1 4.6 2.9 2.7 -2.0 4.4 -3.5
Blood Red Count 0.2 2.4 6.9 0.9 -0.4 2.6 -1.3 0.0 -0.3 1.8 -1.7 2.5
Blood White Count 2.7 20.2 40.4 -2.9 5.7 -3.9 6.4 5.5 5.1 0.4 5.3 -0.7
Heel T-Score 2.3 18.1 49.4 -4.7 0.6 -7.0 1.7 0.0 -0.0 -5.4 4.4 -6.4
BMI 2.0 11.3 26.9 -4.7 -0.0 -5.2 2.9 0.4 -0.2 -4.4 1.8 -4.7
Height 0.1 1.6 4.3 -0.6 0.8 1.8 -0.7 -0.1 1.1 2.1 -0.6 2.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.9 3.8 7.4 0.1 2.5 2.7 -0.1 2.3 1.9 2.5 1.4 2.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 2.6 12.9 35.4 0.8 -2.2 6.0 -4.6 -2.6 -2.7 1.6 -5.2 3.3
Smoking Status 0.8 1.9 8.4 0.1 1.2 -1.2 2.9 1.3 1.4 0.1 1.2 -0.6
Allergy or Eczema 8.0 21.0 46.2 -6.0 -0.3 -6.7 2.3 -0.3 -0.8 -5.8 4.8 -6.8
Cardiovascular Disease 0.4 1.3 4.4 -1.2 -0.3 2.1 -1.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -1.0 -0.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 5.4 12.4 35.2 -3.3 0.7 -5.9 3.6 0.6 0.0 -3.9 3.3 -5.0
Respiratory disease 3.7 8.3 20.2 -3.4 -1.4 -4.1 1.1 -1.1 -0.9 -4.2 2.0 -4.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 0.9 3.1 -1.8 0.1 -1.4 -0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 -1.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.5 2.5 6.4 -0.7 2.0 -1.1 2.5 2.1 2.1 1.0 0.8 0.2
Lung FVC 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1 0.7 -0.6 -0.0 -0.3 1.1 -0.4
Neuroticism 4.9 11.9 27.0 -3.0 4.6 -2.7 3.1 4.2 3.7 0.5 5.2 -1.1
Chronotype (morning person) 4.3 10.0 24.1 3.5 -2.5 4.9 -4.2 -2.2 -1.4 1.8 -3.1 3.1
Hair Pigment 0.5 14.4 36.8 -2.7 -3.4 -0.4 1.7 -6.1 -5.2 -5.3 -3.0 -2.4
Tanning 0.0 0.6 2.0 1.4 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 1.0
Hand grip strength (left) 0.5 1.3 2.7 -1.2 -1.3 0.7 -1.6 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -0.4 -0.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.9 3.5 7.4 -1.5 1.3 -2.7 2.1 1.4 0.9 -1.8 2.4 -2.0
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 2.0 -0.4 1.4 -0.8 0.4 1.3 1.1 0.5 1.4 -0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 4.2 7.2 19.1 -2.4 3.4 -2.7 2.3 2.7 2.4 -0.3 4.4 -1.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 2.9 4.1 9.8 -1.0 2.6 -1.0 2.0 3.1 2.4 1.1 2.7 -0.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 2.2 3.3 9.2 -0.6 1.8 -3.0 1.8 1.2 0.8 -1.2 2.5 -2.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.5 1.0 2.4 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.5 -0.3 1.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.0 2.7 5.6 -0.6 0.9 -2.3 1.9 1.3 1.2 -1.1 2.4 -1.8
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 7.5 9.5 25.5 -1.9 0.6 -5.0 2.1 0.5 0.3 -4.1 3.3 -4.9
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.8 -0.3
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.2 6.3 16.0 0.5 -1.6 4.0 -2.9 -1.3 -1.5 1.4 -3.9 2.9
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.7 0.7 2.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 1.2 0.3 0.4 1.5 -1.1 1.1
Angina 1.9 2.5 6.1 -1.1 2.3 -1.4 1.8 1.6 1.2 -0.4 2.5 -1.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 2.0 2.2 7.0 0.6 -0.9 -1.8 0.5 -1.7 -1.2 -1.8 0.9 -2.6
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.0 1.3 3.6 0.4 -1.0 0.9 -1.9 -1.2 -1.4 -0.3 -1.6 0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.6 1.2 1.5 0.5 0.6 0.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.5 -0.8
Medication: Metformin 0.7 0.9 2.2 -1.0 1.1 -1.3 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.3 1.5 -0.8
Diabetes (father) 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.4 1.3 0.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.1
Diabetes (mother) 0.5 0.6 3.5 -1.9 0.8 -0.6 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.6
Severe depression (siblings) 2.2 2.5 8.1 0.9 2.8 -0.1 1.1 2.1 1.7 1.0 2.0 0.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.6 0.8 1.8 -0.6 1.3 -0.5 1.3 0.9 1.1 -0.4 1.1 -0.3
Impedance of leg (right) 1.9 9.3 18.8 4.0 3.1 3.1 0.6 2.9 2.1 4.3 0.6 4.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.8 4.1 11.8 -3.4 -1.0 -2.8 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -2.7 0.7 -2.7
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.1 3.2 -0.3 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.9 0.6 1.8 0.3 1.8
Hand grip strength (right) 0.2 0.7 1.6 -1.2 -0.7 1.1 -1.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.8 1.1 3.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.1 1.9 -1.0 -1.4 0.5 -1.2 0.6
Current tobacco smoking 1.0 1.6 6.3 -0.0 0.8 -1.7 2.5 0.6 0.3 -0.9 1.0 -1.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Maternal smoking around birth 1.0 1.5 2.9 0.3 -1.5 1.5 -1.1 -1.7 -1.6 0.4 -1.1 0.7
Fed-up feelings 3.2 5.7 15.2 -1.3 3.9 0.4 1.0 3.7 2.6 2.2 2.6 1.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.7 2.3 5.0 0.4 2.2 0.8 0.7 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.2 1.2
Relative age voice broke 1.3 2.0 4.5 2.1 0.1 2.0 -1.0 -0.8 0.3 1.6 -1.0 2.1
Taking other prescription medications 3.5 5.3 10.2 -2.5 2.2 -3.1 1.9 1.6 1.2 -1.8 3.2 -2.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.7 1.7 3.5 1.0 -1.1 1.7 -1.1 -1.9 -1.3 0.5 -1.6 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 4.9 5.7 13.2 -1.1 1.6 -3.6 3.2 2.4 1.9 -0.9 3.2 -2.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 2.1 4.7 13.2 -2.1 1.1 -3.6 1.8 0.8 1.3 -1.7 2.6 -2.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.6 1.7 4.0 0.9 1.6 0.1 1.0 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.5 0.7
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 1.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -1.0 0.4 -1.3
High blood pressure 0.2 0.6 3.0 -0.9 0.2 1.7 -0.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 8.1 17.5 37.9 -5.3 0.4 -6.2 1.9 -0.0 -0.7 -5.3 4.8 -6.1
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.3 0.3 1.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 2.3 2.8 7.5 -0.6 1.2 -2.1 1.9 1.6 1.6 -0.7 2.7 -1.7
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.5 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -0.4 -1.0 0.2 -1.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 4.3 -0.6 0.9 -1.8 0.2 0.6 0.4 -1.2 2.1 -1.2
Medication: Atenolol 0.5 0.6 3.9 -2.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.8
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 3.5 5.9 15.2 -2.6 1.0 -3.9 2.7 1.1 0.7 -2.4 2.6 -2.9
Sitting height 0.6 4.5 18.4 -4.3 -0.9 -2.3 0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -2.7 0.8 -2.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.3 1.5 4.2 -0.0 0.9 -1.8 2.0 0.9 0.7 -0.2 1.8 -0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 1.6 2.2 10.0 -1.1 1.1 -1.7 3.2 1.3 1.3 0.4 1.1 -0.2
Body mass index (BMI) 1.1 4.5 11.0 -3.3 0.5 -3.3 2.2 0.8 0.5 -2.1 1.3 -2.7
Impedance of leg (left) 1.7 8.2 17.5 3.7 2.9 3.0 0.5 2.5 1.7 4.2 0.4 3.9
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.8 4.2 11.9 -3.5 -1.0 -2.8 0.8 -1.0 -0.3 -2.6 0.7 -2.7
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.5 2.1 -1.4 0.6 -0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6
Waist circumference 0.5 1.9 5.8 -2.4 1.4 -0.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 0.1 1.2 -0.3
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.4 0.7 3.1 -0.2 0.0 0.8 0.8 -0.3 -0.5 1.1 -0.9 1.8
Past tobacco smoking 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 -0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.1 1.7 4.3 -2.1 -0.6 -1.9 1.5 -0.7 -0.2 -1.2 0.9 -1.4
Nervous feelings 1.7 3.2 11.0 -1.0 3.3 0.4 0.3 2.4 1.8 1.3 2.0 1.0
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.7 4.2 10.0 -1.6 3.2 -1.2 2.1 2.4 2.4 1.1 2.5 -0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 2.9 4.6 11.1 -2.5 1.2 -3.3 1.9 0.8 0.3 -2.4 2.4 -2.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.3
Had menopause 0.7 0.9 3.3 -0.3 0.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6 0.8 -1.8
Had other major operations 2.9 3.5 10.7 -1.4 1.6 -3.3 2.0 1.1 0.4 -0.9 2.6 -1.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 3.0 6.8 19.5 -2.8 0.7 -4.4 1.3 0.4 0.8 -2.8 2.9 -3.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.4 1.7 4.0 -1.3 0.4 -2.0 1.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.6 1.6 -1.6
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.2 2.8 1.7 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.6 -0.1 1.6 -1.0 1.5
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 2.1 2.8 8.0 0.8 1.4 1.7 1.0 1.6 1.4 2.8 0.0 2.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.0 1.6 7.1 -0.4 -0.3 2.0 -2.7 -0.9 -0.6 0.2 -1.2 0.6
Heart attack 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.7
Allergy 8.0 18.3 43.7 4.7 0.1 6.2 -2.1 0.4 1.2 5.8 -4.6 6.6
Pain all over the body in last month 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.0 -0.4 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.6 1.0 3.1 -1.2 0.5 -1.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.6 1.1 -1.4
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 3.3 4.4 9.1 -2.3 0.5 -2.8 1.4 0.6 0.3 -2.5 2.9 -3.0
Medication: Ramipril 0.9 1.2 3.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.7 -1.9 -1.9 -0.4 -1.3 -0.1
Medication: Simvastatin 0.9 1.3 3.7 -0.6 0.8 1.9 0.1 0.9 1.1 1.6 -0.7 1.5
Fluid intelligence score 0.5 1.1 2.7 -1.3 -1.1 -1.6 0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -1.6 0.5 -1.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.1 1.5 4.3 1.2 -0.1 2.1 -0.1 0.6 1.1 1.5 -0.6 1.8
Neuroticism score 3.9 8.1 18.9 -2.7 4.3 -1.5 2.2 3.8 3.1 0.9 3.9 -0.4
Weight 0.7 3.5 13.4 -3.7 0.2 -2.6 1.7 0.4 0.5 -1.7 1.1 -2.0
Impedance of arm (right) 4.6 21.4 50.4 5.9 0.1 7.1 -4.5 -1.1 -1.2 5.7 -2.6 6.7
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.9 0.8 -0.4 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1
Trunk fat-free mass 1.5 8.6 20.1 -4.5 -0.6 -4.3 2.1 -0.1 0.6 -3.6 1.8 -4.1
Hip circumference 0.5 2.1 6.9 -2.6 0.5 -2.1 1.8 0.9 0.9 -0.8 0.8 -0.9
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.4 0.1 0.2 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.5 0.7 2.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.5 0.9 0.1 -0.0 -0.8 0.3 -0.9
Father’s age at death 0.9 1.3 3.6 0.3 1.2 -1.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 -1.3 1.9 -1.4
Worrier / anxious feelings 2.9 5.5 12.6 -2.8 3.5 -2.1 1.7 2.8 2.1 -0.2 2.9 -0.8
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 2.6 4.2 9.9 -0.6 2.1 -2.6 3.2 2.4 1.6 0.0 2.7 -0.9
Falls in the last year 0.8 1.1 3.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 1.2 1.4 1.9 1.2 0.6 0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.8 1.2 3.6 -1.0 -1.1 0.1 -0.2 -1.3 -1.9 -1.1 -1.4 -0.8
Number of live births 0.7 1.0 2.7 -1.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.4 1.1 -1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2
Pulse rate 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.7 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 1.3
Happiness 0.7 0.8 2.7 0.2 0.9 0.1 1.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 1.6 -0.2
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9 1.0 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.5 -1.0
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.3 0.8 2.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.2 -1.4 -0.6 -0.1 -1.1 0.3 -1.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.6 1.9 4.4 -1.7 1.4 -1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 -0.4 2.1 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.7 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 0.4 -0.3
Asthma 3.2 6.3 15.3 -2.9 -0.9 -3.6 1.6 -1.0 -1.0 -3.8 1.1 -3.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.3 0.3 2.1 1.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.1
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.1 -0.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.7 0.9
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 2.2 -0.5 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.4
Medication: Lansoprazole 2.7 3.1 5.5 -0.9 1.8 -2.0 1.6 2.3 2.2 -0.7 2.2 -1.3
Prospective memory result 1.8 2.2 5.8 -0.2 1.5 -0.6 2.4 1.8 1.9 1.8 0.9 0.8
Lung cancer (father) 1.4 1.6 4.7 -2.2 0.1 -1.8 1.7 0.5 0.9 -0.5 1.0 -1.1
Illnesses of mother 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.1 0.4 1.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -1.1 0.3 -1.0 0.7
Impedance of arm (left) 4.4 20.4 49.5 5.6 0.8 7.0 -4.3 -0.6 -0.4 5.7 -2.1 6.8
Arm fat mass (right) 0.5 1.9 4.9 -2.2 0.9 -2.0 1.4 0.8 0.6 -0.8 1.4 -1.3
Trunk predicted mass 1.6 9.1 20.7 -4.5 -0.5 -4.5 2.2 -0.1 0.5 -3.7 1.9 -4.2
Standing height 0.1 0.6 1.6 -1.2 -0.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.3 0.7 -0.2 1.2
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 2.0 0.2 1.4 -0.7 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.3 0.6 -0.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.4 0.5 1.1 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.8 0.8 0.0 1.0 0.4 0.3
Breastfed as a baby 6.9 8.6 19.0 -1.8 2.1 -4.4 4.0 2.1 1.9 -1.8 3.6 -3.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.8 1.3 3.7 -0.2 1.9 1.1 -0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.8 2.8 7.6 -2.5 1.7 -1.8 0.7 1.0 0.2 -1.1 2.8 -1.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.5 1.2 3.5 -0.2 1.9 -0.2 1.0 1.8 1.4 -0.0 1.0 0.3
Birth weight of first child 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.0 2.2 7.3 -2.7 -0.7 -2.3 1.3 -0.6 -0.5 -1.5 0.3 -1.6
Pulse wave reflection index 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.0 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 -0.5 -1.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 2.9 3.5 6.8 -1.1 1.9 -1.9 2.1 2.6 2.0 -0.4 2.5 -1.1
Loud music exposure frequency 0.8 0.9 2.0 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.4 -0.2 1.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.7 1.1 2.3 -0.8 1.5 -0.5 0.3 1.5 1.3 -0.3 1.5 -0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.1 -0.0 1.2
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.6 0.8 2.8 0.7 -0.1 -1.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.6 1.7 -1.2
Medication: Paracetamol 2.7 4.5 8.9 -1.3 2.1 -2.6 2.7 2.4 2.0 -0.1 3.0 -1.1
Headache pain in last month 2.9 5.0 12.7 -0.4 2.2 -2.4 3.1 2.4 1.8 -0.8 3.6 -1.6
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.7 1.1 3.3 0.1 1.4 -1.8 1.5 0.7 1.0 -0.3 0.9 -0.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.4 -1.0 0.4 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.1 0.4 0.6 -1.1 0.8 0.1 -0.1 -1.1 1.4 -1.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 4.6 8.9 23.2 -2.9 1.2 -4.8 2.9 1.1 0.7 -3.1 3.4 -4.1
Medication: Amlodipine 1.1 1.5 4.3 1.3 -0.8 2.1 -2.0 -1.4 -1.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.2 2.8 8.0 -1.5 -0.8 -1.6 -0.8 -1.3 -1.4 -2.8 1.0 -2.5
Birth weight 1.0 2.1 9.5 -1.0 -3.1 0.1 -1.0 -1.9 -0.6 -0.9 -1.6 0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.8 1.2 3.3 -1.3 0.2 -1.8 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 -1.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.1 0.4 2.0 0.2 -1.4 0.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.3
Body fat percentage 0.2 1.0 2.3 -0.9 1.5 -0.3 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.7 2.6 5.7 -1.4 1.9 -1.9 2.4 2.1 1.1 -0.2 1.5 -0.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 2.4 12.3 27.6 -5.0 0.7 -5.3 3.4 1.1 1.4 -3.7 2.7 -4.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.8 1.0 4.5 -0.7 0.7 -0.9 2.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.6
Comparative body size at age 10 0.5 1.3 3.4 0.0 -1.8 -0.7 -0.5 -1.6 -1.0 -1.4 -0.6 -1.2
Number of full brothers 0.7 0.9 3.1 1.1 -0.3 -0.5 1.8 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.3
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.8 4.7 10.6 -1.4 2.7 -2.4 2.1 2.3 2.0 -0.7 3.3 -1.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.8 1.0 3.3 -0.1 1.8 -0.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 -0.0 1.4 -0.0
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.6 2.8 6.0 -2.5 0.6 -2.4 1.4 0.8 0.2 -1.9 1.4 -2.3
Number of children fathered 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.1 -1.1 0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.0 -0.4 0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.3 1.7 -1.3 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.2
Age at first live birth 0.5 0.9 2.4 -0.6 0.2 1.5 -0.6 0.3 1.0 1.3 -0.4 1.5
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.7 0.7 0.4 1.1 -0.4 1.0 -0.7
Health satisfaction 0.6 0.7 2.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.7 -0.6
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.1 1.3 3.7 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 1.9 1.5 1.1 1.3 -0.0 1.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 1.9 6.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.4 -2.5 -1.0 -0.2 -2.1 0.1 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 0.6 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.1 1.0 -0.6 -0.9 -1.1 0.3 -0.4
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -1.6 0.3 -1.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 2.1 3.5 8.7 0.7 -2.4 1.3 -2.9 -2.6 -2.1 -1.0 -1.7 -0.2
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 6.0 8.6 17.6 -2.6 1.8 -4.2 2.9 2.4 2.2 -2.1 3.9 -3.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.8 1.4 3.6 0.1 -1.3 1.9 -1.5 -0.9 -1.4 0.2 -1.2 0.7
Angina (self-reported) 1.8 2.3 6.0 -0.9 2.2 -1.4 1.6 1.5 1.1 -0.4 2.4 -1.2
Migraine (self-reported) 2.0 2.5 5.8 -1.1 -0.9 -2.3 2.0 -0.3 -0.5 -2.4 1.0 -1.9
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.5 0.6 3.3 1.8 0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.5
Medication: Allopurinol 0.2 0.3 1.9 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole 0.8 1.0 3.1 -1.8 0.9 -1.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.0 -1.4 1.0 -0.7
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.4 1.6 4.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.7 -0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -1.7 1.0 -2.0
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.3 1.4 -1.2 0.6 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -1.0 0.8 -0.2 0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.2 1.2 -0.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.5 0.6 2.0 0.1 -1.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.3 -1.4 0.6
Whole body fat mass 0.3 1.4 4.0 -2.0 1.2 -1.4 1.4 1.1 0.8 -0.1 1.2 -0.5
Leg fat mass (right) 0.8 3.3 6.9 -2.2 1.6 -2.5 2.6 1.8 1.2 -0.7 1.6 -1.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 2.6 13.2 30.7 -5.1 0.5 -5.5 3.6 0.9 1.3 -3.9 2.9 -4.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.6 0.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 1.0 -0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.5 1.1 -0.6 -0.6 0.9 -1.0 -0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.8 0.8
Number of full sisters 0.8 1.0 2.8 0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.0 -1.1 -1.7 -1.6 -0.3 -1.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.6 2.5 -1.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.1 1.0 -0.3
Overall health rating 1.6 3.3 11.9 -0.9 1.7 -1.8 3.5 2.3 1.6 -0.0 1.7 -0.5
Chest pain or discomfort 1.6 2.3 5.3 -0.8 2.3 -0.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 0.5 2.3 -0.1
Had major operations 3.4 3.9 8.0 -1.6 0.6 -2.8 2.5 0.8 1.4 -1.6 2.5 -2.7
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.8 -0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.0 0.5 -1.0 0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 2.3 -0.3 0.2 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.0
Leg pain on walking 1.7 2.1 5.1 0.4 1.2 0.3 1.9 2.3 2.2 1.3 -0.0 1.4
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 2.4 2.9 8.0 1.8 -1.8 2.0 -0.6 -1.6 -1.1 1.1 -2.8 1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 2.9 3.6 8.2 0.6 -2.9 -0.0 -2.2 -2.5 -2.1 -1.8 -2.0 -0.9
Medication: Aspirin 1.2 1.6 4.0 -1.0 1.4 -0.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.2 0.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.2 -0.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 0.7 -1.1 1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.9 -0.7 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.1 -0.7 1.0
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 2.2 -0.9 0.3 1.5 -0.7 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.2 1.4 4.9 -2.2 0.4 -1.6 0.7 0.8 0.3 -1.0 1.2 -1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.2 1.6 4.0 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -1.5 -1.6 -1.9 0.2 -2.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.8 0.9 2.7 -1.6 1.2 -1.2 1.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.0 0.0 1.2 -0.6 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.5 1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.9
Whole body fat-free mass 1.3 7.6 18.7 -4.3 -0.7 -4.1 1.8 -0.4 0.2 -3.5 1.5 -3.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.9 4.9 13.9 -3.7 -1.5 -2.9 0.6 -1.4 -0.7 -2.9 0.5 -2.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.5 1.3 -1.1 1.1 -0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.1
Average weekly red wine intake 0.4 0.6 2.2 -1.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 1.9 -0.2 -1.4 0.7 -1.3 -1.3 -0.8 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1
Mood swings 3.0 5.5 8.5 -2.9 2.6 -2.5 2.6 2.8 2.1 0.2 2.9 -0.6
Loneliness, isolation 4.1 5.7 15.8 0.2 4.0 -1.4 2.5 3.2 2.5 1.3 2.9 -0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 3.0 4.6 8.3 -2.1 2.0 -2.8 2.4 2.1 1.4 -0.9 2.9 -1.9
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.1 1.3 5.5 -1.1 -0.8 -2.4 0.8 -0.4 0.1 -1.3 0.2 -1.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.1 2.9 -1.7 0.5 -1.7 0.7 0.9 0.4 -0.3 1.3 -1.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.9 0.9 2.8 -0.8 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -1.3 -1.7 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9
Friendships satisfaction 1.8 2.2 5.8 0.9 1.9 -0.6 1.7 2.0 1.5 0.4 2.4 -0.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.2 1.9 6.5 -2.5 1.1 0.0 1.0 1.7 2.3 0.3 0.6 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.3 1.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.3 1.4 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.8 0.9 2.5 -0.1 1.0 1.1 -0.0 0.8 1.2 1.6 0.2 1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.7 2.8 6.4 1.3 1.9 -2.1 2.5 1.3 1.2 -0.2 2.2 -1.0
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.8 1.9 0.4 -1.4 0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 0.5
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.5 1.8 -1.2 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.2
Back pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.4 1.0 -0.8 1.4 1.5 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.9 -0.9 1.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 6.0 -2.4 -0.7 -1.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -1.3 -0.3 -0.9
Asthma (self-reported) 3.5 7.0 17.7 -2.9 -0.7 -3.7 1.7 -0.9 -0.8 -3.9 1.5 -4.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.9 1.2 3.5 -1.7 0.1 -1.9 1.3 0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 -0.9
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1 0.3
Medication: Aspirin 1.7 2.2 4.6 -0.8 1.7 0.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.2
Medication: Gliclazide 0.3 0.3 2.0 -1.4 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 -0.7 0.7
Smoking status: Current 1.2 2.0 6.7 -0.3 0.6 -2.0 2.6 0.3 0.0 -1.3 1.0 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 -1.1 -0.7 0.9 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
Whole body water mass 1.4 8.0 19.3 -4.4 -0.7 -4.2 1.9 -0.4 0.3 -3.5 1.6 -4.0
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.9 4.8 13.0 -3.6 -1.5 -2.8 0.6 -1.4 -0.7 -2.9 0.5 -2.9
Arm fat mass (left) 0.5 2.2 5.9 -2.4 1.1 -2.0 1.4 0.9 0.7 -0.9 1.5 -1.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 3.1 5.4 10.0 -2.5 1.3 -3.2 2.6 1.2 0.4 -2.0 3.0 -3.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.5 0.7 2.4 0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.3 -1.5 -1.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.2
Miserableness 3.4 5.9 12.9 -2.1 3.6 -0.6 1.7 3.4 2.9 1.5 2.9 0.9
Guilty feelings 2.1 3.1 8.7 -0.2 3.0 -0.9 1.2 2.1 2.2 1.1 2.6 0.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 2.1 2.4 5.6 -1.1 -2.1 0.0 -1.1 -2.4 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.7 0.8 2.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.7 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.0 1.0 -0.3
Hearing aid user 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.5 -1.1 -0.9 0.3 -0.5 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6
Mother’s age at death 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.5 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.0 1.2 3.8 0.3 1.0 -0.1 1.0 2.0 1.6 0.5 1.3 0.1
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.5 1.7 5.1 2.3 1.0 1.4 -0.6 1.0 0.9 1.6 -0.1 1.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.0 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -1.8 -0.5 -1.1 -0.0 -1.1
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.4 -1.0 0.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 0.5 1.0 3.0 -1.7 1.2 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.7 0.2
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.2 2.4 -1.2 0.8 -1.0 1.6 1.2 1.3 -0.3 1.4 -0.8
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.5 0.3 0.5 -0.4 0.6 -0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.4 -1.2 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.0 0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.2 -0.7 1.5 -0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.7 0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 3.3 5.0 11.8 -1.3 2.4 -2.9 2.8 2.2 1.8 -0.4 3.4 -1.3
Medication: Lisinopril 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.2 -0.5 1.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.7 0.8 3.2 -0.6 -0.7 -1.8 1.7 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.5
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.6 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.3 -0.4 1.3
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.2 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 0.1
Ever smoked 0.5 0.8 4.2 -0.4 0.9 -0.7 2.0 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.4
Basal metabolic rate 1.2 6.6 17.9 -4.2 -0.4 -3.8 1.9 -0.1 0.4 -3.0 1.5 -3.4
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.7 2.5 5.6 -1.5 1.8 -2.0 2.4 1.8 0.9 -0.4 1.5 -0.9
Arm fat-free mass (left) 2.2 11.4 26.9 -5.0 0.1 -5.2 3.2 0.6 0.8 -3.8 2.3 -4.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 5.7 8.5 19.1 -1.3 2.2 -4.4 3.7 2.5 2.2 -1.6 3.8 -3.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.6 2.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.7 1.5 1.0 -0.4 0.9
Irritability 0.4 0.7 1.5 -0.8 1.2 -0.9 0.1 0.7 0.3 -0.3 1.2 -1.0
Risk taking 0.8 1.1 2.7 1.2 -0.1 0.9 0.7 -0.4 0.3 1.5 -1.6 1.5
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 2.5 2.9 7.4 -0.8 0.8 -2.7 1.2 1.1 0.9 -1.3 2.7 -2.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.4 1.8 3.6 -1.6 0.2 -1.8 1.9 1.3 1.0 -1.2 0.9 -1.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.8 5.3 1.0 -0.6 2.3 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 0.6 -1.7 1.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 2.2 2.7 5.4 -1.8 0.6 -2.2 1.3 0.7 0.1 -2.0 2.0 -2.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 2.2 2.6 6.6 0.2 -2.6 -0.2 -1.2 -2.3 -1.8 -2.0 -1.2 -1.1
Myopia 3.7 5.4 10.2 0.3 -2.4 2.9 -3.0 -2.3 -2.1 1.2 -3.2 2.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.4 2.0 0.7 -0.6 -1.4 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.0
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.4 0.6 1.3 -0.5 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.1 -0.0 0.9
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.5 1.8 4.4 -2.1 1.3 -1.6 0.7 1.2 0.4 -1.4 1.5 -1.0
Pain experienced in last month 1.2 2.0 5.1 0.4 -0.1 1.9 -2.3 -0.9 -1.0 0.6 -2.2 1.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.3 2.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.1 1.5 -0.1
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.0 1.1 3.7 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 -1.5 -1.4 -1.9 -1.0 -0.2 -0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.8 1.0 3.0 0.6 -0.4 -1.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.9 1.7 -1.5
Heart disease (siblings) 1.1 1.4 5.3 -0.1 0.7 -1.9 0.9 0.5 0.1 -0.5 2.3 -1.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 2.1 2.4 4.9 1.1 -1.3 2.2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 0.8 -1.3 1.1
Pack years of smoking 0.5 0.8 1.4 -1.2 0.9 -0.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 -1.0 1.0 -0.8
Impedance of whole body 2.9 15.0 35.2 5.1 2.0 5.6 -2.1 1.0 0.6 5.5 -0.9 5.9
Leg fat mass (left) 0.9 3.5 7.2 -2.3 1.5 -2.6 2.7 1.7 1.1 -0.8 1.7 -1.4
Arm predicted mass (left) 2.2 11.3 26.6 -4.9 0.3 -5.2 3.3 0.8 1.1 -3.6 2.4 -4.4