Hub : Genes

NRROS

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Caudate basal ganglia 0.548 0.1290 0.00270 0.000 NA 0.110 NA 0.035 3.3e-01 NA 4.7e-04 NA 3.4e-02
2 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.192 0.0641 0.00160 0.078 NA 0.060 NA 0.067 3.3e-06 NA 4.7e-05 NA 1.8e-05
3 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.073 0.0330 0.00350 0.016 NA 0.033 NA 0.009 1.5e-02 NA 9.6e-04 NA 5.6e-02
4 METSIM Adipose 0.101 0.0345 0.00012 0.009 0.02 0.037 0.02 0.022 1.2e-02 0.00039 2.4e-06 0.00048 2.2e-04

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.7 1.1 3.6 -0.2 -1.9 -0.8 0.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.7 4.0 8.9 -1.4 -1.7 -3.0 -1.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.4 5.7 -2.0 0.3 -2.4 0.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.4 2.1 5.4 -1.3 -0.4 -1.1 2.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 1.7 3.3 1.1 1.8 -0.3 -1.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.2 2.8 6.8 -2.6 -0.4 -2.0 -0.1
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.4 4.9 9.3 -1.7 -0.5 -3.0 -2.7
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.6 3.2 -1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.0 1.2 3.0 1.7 -0.1 0.4 -1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.9 1.0 2.0 -0.5 1.4 -0.7 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.9 1.3 4.0 1.1 0.3 -0.1 -2.0
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.9 4.3 8.3 -2.2 -2.9 -1.8 -0.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.7 1.7 5.6 -2.4 -1.0 0.5 0.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.9 1.6 4.3 -1.0 0.6 2.1 0.8
Major Depression (MDD) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4
Reaction Time 0.5 1.0 3.1 -1.8 0.1 -0.6 0.7
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.3 2.9 0.3 1.1 0.9 -1.7
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.7 -0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.3
Prostate Cancer 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.2
Age at First Birth 1.0 1.5 4.1 0.8 0.7 2.0 0.9
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.8 1.0 2.6 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -1.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.6 0.9 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 0.2 -0.8
Mean Putamen Volume 1.2 1.4 4.2 -0.5 -2.0 -0.9 -0.6
Fasting Glucose 0.7 0.8 1.4 -0.3 0.8 1.2 -1.2
HbA1C 0.9 1.0 2.8 -0.9 0.2 1.7 0.6
HDL Cholesterol 1.3 2.2 4.0 -2.0 0.6 -1.8 -1.2
LDL Cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.2 1.1 -0.2
Lupus 0.4 0.6 0.9 -0.9 0.9 -0.2 -0.9
Neuroticism (2016) 2.3 3.3 5.6 -2.4 -0.4 -1.8 -2.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 1.0 1.4 4.3 1.1 0.0 2.1 0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 5.7 7.8 19.6 -2.0 -2.7 -4.4 -0.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 1.2 2.6 5.5 -0.9 -1.0 -2.4 -1.7
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.8 -0.6
Ulcerative Colitis 0.6 0.9 1.9 -1.4 0.1 1.2 0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 3.0 22.7 63.7 0.2 -4.1 -8.0 -3.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.1 3.8 1.0 -1.8 -0.6 -1.9
Blood Red Count 0.2 1.7 3.5 -1.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2
Blood White Count 0.7 5.4 9.2 -2.5 -1.5 -3.0 -2.0
Heel T-Score 0.3 2.5 4.3 1.3 -0.1 -2.1 -2.0
BMI 1.0 5.7 9.1 0.4 3.0 -2.6 2.6
Height 0.0 0.8 1.7 -0.2 0.5 -1.1 1.3
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.6 2.9 6.1 1.4 -1.9 -2.5 0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.7 8.4 27.9 -2.3 -0.5 -0.5 -5.3
Smoking Status 1.6 3.8 7.8 -1.8 0.8 -1.8 2.8
Allergy or Eczema 6.1 16.1 30.8 0.9 -4.0 -5.6 -4.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.7 2.1 4.9 -1.3 -2.2 -1.3 -0.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 1.6 3.8 8.0 2.8 -2.6 -0.2 0.3
Respiratory disease 7.4 16.4 29.7 -1.0 -4.7 -5.4 -3.5
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.3 0.8
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.3 3.5 0.8 0.7 -0.9 1.9
Lung FVC 0.6 3.1 7.0 -0.8 1.2 2.6 -1.9
Neuroticism 1.8 4.5 11.7 -3.4 -0.0 -2.5 -0.3
Chronotype (morning person) 0.8 2.0 3.9 -0.1 2.0 1.9 -0.7
Hair Pigment 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 0.6
Tanning 0.2 2.5 4.4 1.9 -1.2 0.7 2.1
Hand grip strength (left) 1.2 3.3 12.0 3.5 0.0 0.9 -0.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 2.1 3.7 5.7 -2.0 -2.2 -2.4 -0.0
Average weekly spirits intake 2.2 2.7 5.7 0.2 -1.5 -1.6 2.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.7 1.3 2.3 -1.1 -0.5 -1.5 -1.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.3 1.8 4.2 -1.6 -0.1 -0.6 2.0
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.5 2.3 7.8 -0.4 -1.1 -2.8 -0.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.6 1.1 3.3 0.8 0.2 1.8 0.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.1 1.4 4.8 -0.9 -2.2 -0.1 0.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.7 0.8 1.3 -1.1 0.7 -0.6 1.1
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.8 0.1 0.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.6 1.9 3.6 -1.9 -0.5 -0.7 -1.8
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 2.0 2.2 4.0 2.0 -1.1 -1.7 1.0
Angina 1.6 2.1 4.3 -2.1 -0.1 0.1 2.0
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.7 2.0 5.2 -1.1 0.5 -1.1 -2.3
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.8 -0.6 1.0 -0.1
Medication: Co-codamol 2.4 2.8 8.2 -0.3 -0.6 -2.9 -1.6
Medication: Metformin 0.7 1.0 3.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2 1.8
Diabetes (father) 2.2 2.8 4.6 1.4 -1.5 -2.1 -1.4
Diabetes (mother) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.9
Severe depression (siblings) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.6 0.1
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 3.0 -1.7 0.2 -0.8 1.5
Impedance of leg (right) 1.6 7.9 14.1 -1.1 -3.6 -1.7 -3.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.9 4.7 12.8 0.9 2.2 -0.7 3.6
Trunk fat percentage 0.9 3.6 8.7 -0.9 1.1 -2.9 1.9
Hand grip strength (right) 1.0 2.8 9.5 3.1 0.7 0.9 -0.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.9 1.3 3.4 -0.0 0.9 1.8 1.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.6 1.0 1.6 -0.7 0.7 -1.1 1.3
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.4 1.7 4.4 0.9 -1.2 0.3 2.1
Maternal smoking around birth 1.3 1.8 6.1 -2.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.1
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.3 3.0 -1.7 0.5 -0.8 1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.7 0.1 -1.1 0.8
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.2 0.1 1.0 -0.4
Taking other prescription medications 2.0 3.1 6.4 0.1 -2.4 -2.5 -0.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.3 -0.1 -1.0
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.4 0.8 2.7 -0.4 -0.3 -1.6 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 1.5 1.6 5.3 -0.7 0.7 2.3 0.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.9 1.2 2.8 -1.7 0.6 0.3 -1.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.5 0.6 1.9 -0.3 -1.4 0.5 -0.5
High blood pressure 0.7 2.1 3.7 -1.7 -1.3 -1.9 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 4.7 10.3 18.1 0.6 -3.4 -4.3 -3.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.4 0.5 1.4 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.9 2.5 6.9 0.0 -1.0 -2.6 1.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 1.7 0.4 1.3 -1.2 -1.3
Medication: Atenolol 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.2 2.0 6.2 1.1 -2.5 0.6 0.0
Sitting height 0.2 1.3 2.4 1.6 -0.9 1.2 -0.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.7 0.8 1.4 -1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4
High blood pressure (mother) 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.7 -0.9 -1.0
Body mass index (BMI) 1.2 5.0 7.2 0.0 2.6 -2.7 2.5
Impedance of leg (left) 1.2 6.1 13.5 -1.0 -3.0 -0.8 -3.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.9 4.7 12.8 0.9 2.1 -0.7 3.6
Trunk fat mass 1.0 4.2 6.6 -0.5 1.9 -2.6 2.5
Waist circumference 1.5 5.4 14.9 -0.2 1.1 -3.9 2.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.7 1.2 2.0 -1.3 -0.2 -1.4 -1.1
Past tobacco smoking 1.9 3.6 8.1 2.5 -0.2 0.4 -2.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 0.8
Nervous feelings 1.2 2.3 4.7 -1.6 -0.9 -1.0 -2.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.1 1.7 4.6 -2.1 -0.1 -1.4 -0.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.1 1.7 3.6 -1.9 0.0 -1.7 0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.6 0.7 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 0.1 -0.6
Had menopause 1.7 2.1 4.5 -2.1 -0.1 -0.9 1.8
Had other major operations 1.0 1.2 3.4 0.4 -0.0 1.2 1.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.8 3.0 10.4 0.1 0.9 3.2 -0.9
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.2 -0.6 -1.3 0.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.3 -0.7 0.7 -0.8
Qualifications: None of the above 0.9 1.9 6.5 -2.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.9
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.9 1.2 1.9 -1.0 0.4 -1.4 -1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.7 1.1 2.7 -0.6 1.6 0.7 -0.9
Heart attack 1.2 1.5 3.4 -1.5 1.8 0.5 -0.5
Allergy 5.0 11.4 23.8 -0.4 3.6 4.9 3.0
Pain all over the body in last month 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 0.9 1.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.5 0.8 1.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 5.3 7.0 12.1 1.1 -2.6 -3.5 -2.8
Medication: Ramipril 3.3 4.2 7.4 -0.2 -2.0 -2.7 2.3
Medication: Simvastatin 2.1 3.0 7.2 -2.7 -1.8 -1.3 -0.2
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.4 -0.8 -1.0
Illnesses of siblings 1.1 1.5 5.0 0.9 -2.2 0.1 0.5
Neuroticism score 1.6 3.3 9.2 -3.0 -0.1 -1.8 -0.9
Weight 1.0 4.8 8.2 0.1 2.5 -2.3 2.9
Impedance of arm (right) 0.6 2.8 5.7 -1.2 -2.4 1.1 -1.7
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.9 3.6 5.9 -0.6 2.2 -2.4 1.9
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 3.0 6.0 1.2 2.1 -0.5 2.4
Hip circumference 1.1 4.8 8.2 -1.1 2.4 -2.9 2.1
Time employed in main current job 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 1.1
Father’s age at death 1.2 1.6 2.6 1.1 1.1 -1.3 -1.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.7 1.4 5.5 -2.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.1 2.8 -1.7 0.8 -0.6 -0.9
Falls in the last year 2.2 2.9 4.7 -1.9 1.8 -2.2 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.3 2.0 3.7 0.7 -1.1 -1.9 -1.5
Number of live births 0.7 1.0 2.5 -0.5 1.0 -0.6 -1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.8 2.8 9.1 0.6 1.3 3.0 0.1
Pulse rate 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.3
Happiness 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.1
Noisy workplace 0.7 0.8 1.9 0.2 0.1 1.1 1.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.3 2.8 9.1 1.2 0.2 3.0 -0.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 3.5 4.1 11.9 -0.0 3.5 1.2 -1.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.1 1.6
Asthma 6.7 13.2 20.7 -0.4 -4.4 -4.5 -3.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.4 1.7 3.9 0.5 -1.6 -2.0 0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 2.3 3.6 8.3 -2.9 -0.6 -2.4 0.4
Depression (self-reported) 1.3 1.5 2.4 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.6
Medication: Lansoprazole 2.3 2.6 3.8 -1.7 -0.9 -1.9 -1.7
Prospective memory result 1.5 1.8 4.0 -0.7 0.4 1.6 2.0
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 1.1
Illnesses of mother 1.3 1.7 4.6 -1.1 0.6 2.1 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.6 1.9 4.5 1.6 0.7 2.1 0.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.7 0.8 1.3 -1.1 -0.9 0.2 1.0
Impedance of arm (left) 0.6 2.8 7.9 -1.4 -2.8 0.3 -1.2
Arm fat mass (right) 1.1 4.5 7.0 0.1 2.6 -2.4 2.3
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 2.9 5.6 1.2 2.1 -0.5 2.4
Standing height 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.1
Length of working week for main job 0.8 0.9 1.8 -1.4 0.1 0.9 -1.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 0.6
Breastfed as a baby 0.7 0.9 3.0 0.7 0.2 -1.7 0.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.1 1.9 3.8 -1.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.9
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.6 0.5 0.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.8 1.8 3.3 -1.8 1.7 1.1 0.3
Birth weight of first child 0.4 0.8 1.8 -0.3 0.8 -1.4 0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.9 0.4 1.2
Pulse wave reflection index 0.9 1.1 1.9 0.5 -0.7 1.4 1.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.1 1.3 4.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 2.0
Loud music exposure frequency 2.2 2.4 7.0 -2.6 -0.5 1.6 -0.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.5 2.4 3.9 1.9 1.3 0.7 -2.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.9 1.2 3.1 0.8 -1.8 -0.3 0.9
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.5 1.9 7.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 2.7
Medication: Paracetamol 2.0 3.2 10.0 -3.2 -1.2 0.1 1.3
Headache pain in last month 1.5 2.5 4.9 -2.2 1.3 0.8 1.7
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 2.1 3.4 8.1 2.8 0.1 2.3 -0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 1.0
Gout (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.1 -0.8 0.3 -0.5 1.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.1 2.1 5.8 1.6 -2.4 -0.4 -0.3
Medication: Amlodipine 1.0 1.3 4.2 -2.0 1.0 0.5 -0.0
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.8 3.6 7.3 -1.3 -1.9 -2.7 -1.4
Birth weight 0.4 0.9 1.5 0.7 1.1 -0.7 1.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.8 0.9 3.0 -0.5 0.1 -1.7 -0.5
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.5 0.8 2.0 -0.7 1.4 0.2 -0.8
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.6 2.1 6.2 1.3 0.5 2.5 -0.6
Body fat percentage 1.1 4.3 10.5 -1.1 1.6 -3.2 1.7
Leg fat percentage (right) 1.6 5.9 19.7 -1.3 1.4 -4.4 0.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.6 3.2 6.2 1.1 1.9 -1.4 2.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.3 -0.8 0.6 0.9
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 1.9 4.6 -0.3 2.1 -1.0 1.3
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.1 2.3 0.7 -1.5 -1.0 0.6
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.3 2.2 7.0 -2.6 -0.1 -1.2 -0.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.0 0.5 0.5 -1.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 3.1 5.4 20.2 -0.3 -1.0 -4.5 -0.8
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.4 0.9 -0.3 0.6
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 3.0 3.5 6.1 -1.6 -2.5 -1.9 -1.4
Age at first live birth 0.5 0.8 3.3 0.1 0.2 1.8 0.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.7 -0.3 -1.1
Health satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.1 2.5 3.4 1.8 1.8 -0.4 1.8
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 1.0 2.9 0.9 0.6 1.7 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.5 0.6 1.5 0.4 -0.2 1.2 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 0.9
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 2.9 3.3 5.7 -2.1 1.7 0.5 2.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 1.7 2.8 5.1 1.5 1.4 1.4 -2.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.6 2.3 5.1 -2.3 0.4 -1.2 1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 1.5 2.7 9.2 -3.0 0.1 -1.1 0.6
Angina (self-reported) 1.6 2.1 4.6 -1.9 0.0 0.3 2.1
Migraine (self-reported) 1.3 1.6 3.9 -1.6 -0.1 2.0 0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.5 1.7 3.6 0.8 -1.9 -1.5 0.6
Medication: Allopurinol 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 1.3
Medication: Omeprazole 1.0 1.2 4.7 -0.2 -0.2 -2.2 0.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.8 -0.5 -1.5 0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 1.2 2.3 5.7 -2.4 1.4 -0.9 0.9
Heart disease (mother) 1.8 2.1 4.4 -0.2 -2.1 -1.2 1.6
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.8 0.9 3.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 -1.8
Whole body fat mass 1.1 4.6 7.5 -0.7 2.1 -2.7 2.4
Leg fat mass (right) 1.3 5.1 11.6 -0.9 2.0 -3.4 2.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.6 3.2 6.6 0.9 1.7 -1.5 2.6
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.5 1.6 4.4 -0.1 -0.7 -2.1 -1.2
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.5 4.1 1.0 0.3 0.8 2.0
Comparative height size at age 10 0.1 0.8 2.7 -1.6 -0.5 -0.0 0.6
Number of full sisters 0.5 0.5 1.6 0.6 0.3 -1.3 -0.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.5 0.8 1.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Overall health rating 0.5 1.1 2.4 -0.9 0.9 -1.5 0.6
Chest pain or discomfort 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.0 1.4 -0.4 0.9
Had major operations 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.1 -1.1 -0.7
Age at last live birth 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.6 0.8 0.9
Family relationship satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.5 1.0 -0.4 0.7
Leg pain on walking 1.5 1.9 4.0 -0.7 1.2 -2.0 1.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.5 -0.9 -1.3 0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.9 1.1 2.8 -0.5 -1.1 -1.7 -0.0
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.6 1.9 4.4 1.0 -1.1 1.0 2.1
Medication: Aspirin 2.4 3.1 10.2 -1.3 -0.2 0.7 3.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.9 1.1 1.9 -0.9 0.6 1.4 1.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.3 2.0 5.8 -0.9 -1.2 -2.4 0.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 1.1 3.0 6.2 -2.0 -1.4 -2.5 0.2
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.8 0.9 2.4 -1.6 0.7 0.9 -0.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.7 1.0 1.9 -0.4 1.3 -1.4 0.4
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.3 1.6 2.8 -1.6 1.0 0.1 1.7
Smoking status: Previous 1.6 2.4 6.6 -2.6 0.2 -0.8 1.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.3 -0.6 0.9 -1.0
Whole body fat-free mass 0.7 3.8 9.1 1.1 2.1 -0.5 3.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.9 4.8 12.5 1.1 2.4 0.0 3.5
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.1 4.3 7.0 -0.5 2.2 -2.6 2.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 0.0
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.0 1.7 -1.3 -1.3 -0.9 0.1
Mood swings 1.6 3.0 6.1 -2.5 1.1 -2.0 0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.6 0.9 3.1 0.1 0.1 -1.7 0.7
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.7 0.8 2.4 -0.6 0.1 -1.6 0.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.9 2.2 0.4 -0.9 -0.7 1.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -0.3 -0.6
Friendships satisfaction 0.7 0.9 1.4 -0.7 0.7 1.2 -1.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.9 1.4 2.8 1.2 1.2 1.7 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 1.5 1.6 5.7 0.2 -0.0 2.4 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.9 1.0 3.3 0.5 0.4 -1.8 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.5 0.8 1.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.8
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.9 1.3 4.0 0.3 -1.0 -2.0 0.4
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.0 1.4 2.8 1.3 1.7 0.3 -1.0
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.3 -0.9 0.0 0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 7.7 15.3 25.3 -0.4 -4.6 -5.0 -3.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.0 -0.1 0.9 0.3
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 2.1 2.7 5.3 -1.3 -1.6 -2.3 -1.1
Medication: Aspirin 2.6 3.4 11.4 -1.1 -0.1 1.0 3.4
Medication: Gliclazide 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.7
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 2.0 2.5 5.0 1.5 0.1 2.2 1.7
Smoking status: Current 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.3 0.6 -1.2 1.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.7 1.4 2.7 1.2 0.6 1.6 1.0
Whole body water mass 0.6 3.6 8.5 0.9 2.1 -0.6 2.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.9 4.9 12.7 1.1 2.4 -0.0 3.6
Arm fat mass (left) 1.2 4.8 6.9 -0.2 2.3 -2.6 2.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 3.3 5.7 12.3 -1.6 -3.5 -2.6 -1.2
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.7 0.9 3.3 0.6 -0.1 1.8 0.1
Miserableness 1.8 3.1 4.9 -1.4 2.0 -2.2 1.3
Guilty feelings 1.3 1.9 7.2 -2.7 0.2 -0.7 -0.3
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 1.9 -1.4 0.5 -0.5 1.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 2.2 0.2 -0.1 1.5 0.6
Hearing aid user 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.5
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.1 2.4 0.6 -1.2 -1.6 -0.4
Financial situation satisfaction 0.5 0.6 0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.6 -0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.1 1.3 2.1 0.9 -1.5 0.8 1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.7 -0.7 0.3 1.4
Medication: Blood pressure 0.6 1.1 2.9 0.6 -1.0 -1.7 0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.5 1.9 3.8 -0.6 -1.1 -2.0 1.4
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 0.3
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.6 1.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.4 0.7 2.2 -0.6 1.5 -0.2 0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 2.0 3.1 6.2 -2.5 -2.1 0.2 1.3
Medication: Lisinopril 1.9 2.5 8.0 -2.8 0.5 -0.6 -1.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.6 -0.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.6 0.7 1.1 -0.7 -1.1 0.2 -1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.0 -0.8 0.9 -0.2
Ever smoked 1.8 3.1 6.4 -2.4 0.5 -0.0 2.5
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.7 8.0 1.0 2.2 -1.0 2.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 1.3 4.8 13.8 -1.2 1.9 -3.7 0.8
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.8 4.6 1.1 1.9 -1.3 2.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.7 1.4 -0.9 1.2 -0.6 -0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2
Irritability 0.6 1.0 3.7 -1.9 0.2 0.2 -0.4
Risk taking 0.4 0.5 1.7 -0.2 0.5 -1.3 0.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.1
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.0 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.8 -0.0
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 1.7 1.3 -0.0 0.0 0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 10.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.0 -3.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.0 1.2 3.9 -0.1 0.6 2.0 -0.8
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.7 -0.5 0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 1.0 1.3 2.3 1.5 -0.6 -0.4 -1.5
Myopia 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.2 -0.0 0.2 0.6
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.8 3.7 1.9 0.8 1.4 -0.9
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.6 0.9 2.6 -0.2 -1.6 -0.9 -0.4
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.3 1.5 3.5 -1.1 -1.2 -1.9 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 1.7 2.9 4.7 2.2 -0.2 1.8 -1.9
Supplements: Calcium 2.8 3.1 6.1 -0.7 -2.5 0.2 2.4
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 1.6 2.0 4.7 0.7 -2.2 -1.6 0.4
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 3.2 -1.8 1.3 0.4 -0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.7 2.2 8.3 0.2 0.2 0.6 2.9
Heart disease (siblings) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.1 1.3 4.2 0.1 2.1 0.6 0.7
Pack years of smoking 1.3 1.9 4.2 -2.0 0.2 -0.8 1.6
Impedance of whole body 1.1 5.4 12.4 -1.1 -3.5 -0.5 -2.8
Leg fat mass (left) 1.2 4.7 8.9 -0.8 2.3 -3.0 2.0
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.2 6.0 1.0 2.5 -1.4 2.0