Hub : Genes

PABPC1L

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.1670 0.0360 2.3e-12 0.155 0.116 0.144 0.144 0.150 2.1e-18 5.4e-14 3.6e-17 3.5e-17 8.0e-18
2 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.3229 0.1065 2.8e-03 0.075 NA 0.042 NA 0.068 1.2e-03 NA 1.2e-02 NA 1.9e-03
3 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.1400 0.0630 5.0e-03 0.103 NA 0.090 NA 0.091 2.7e-06 NA 1.1e-05 NA 1.1e-05
4 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1450 0.0502 6.1e-04 -0.002 NA 0.002 NA -0.003 4.6e-01 NA 2.3e-01 NA 6.6e-01
5 GTEx Brain Hippocampus 0.2692 0.0980 3.8e-03 0.028 NA 0.022 NA 0.036 7.3e-02 NA 1.0e-01 NA 5.1e-02
6 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.1150 0.0410 6.9e-04 0.034 NA 0.077 NA 0.069 1.3e-03 NA 2.0e-06 NA 6.5e-06
7 METSIM Adipose 0.1091 0.0366 2.0e-03 0.029 0.025 0.021 0.043 0.015 3.4e-05 9.1e-05 3.1e-04 3.8e-07 2.2e-03
8 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.2428 0.0423 0.0e+00 0.209 0.179 0.209 0.210 0.213 2.4e-26 2.2e-22 2.7e-26 1.7e-26 8.0e-27
9 YFS Blood 0.1732 0.0270 0.0e+00 0.131 0.127 0.140 0.134 0.136 1.8e-40 2.6e-39 1.8e-43 1.1e-41 2.7e-42
10 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0165 0.0084 1.9e-03 0.022 0.009 0.015 NA 0.016 2.0e-05 4.6e-03 3.3e-04 NA 2.2e-04
11 TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma 0.0760 0.0490 8.7e-03 0.005 0.006 0.017 NA 0.005 1.5e-01 1.4e-01 3.6e-02 NA 1.5e-01
12 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.1957 0.0584 0.0e+00 0.209 0.202 0.197 NA 0.206 2.6e-23 1.8e-22 7.1e-22 NA 5.5e-23
13 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0802 0.0278 3.6e-10 0.140 0.110 0.132 NA 0.136 1.7e-14 1.6e-11 1.2e-13 NA 4.2e-14

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.5 0.7 4.5 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.0 2.1 1.0 1.1 0.1 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.7 4.2 8.6 2.5 2.6 -0.7 -1.0 1.7 -1.3 1.4 2.1 -0.7 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.6
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.9 3.9 7.0 -2.1 -1.6 2.3 -0.6 1.2 2.4 0.6 -2.2 2.6 -2.0 -2.7 -2.0 -2.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.5 0.7 3.1 -0.0 0.8 0.6 0.3 1.8 0.8 1.6 0.0 1.4 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.2 0.7 4.3 0.7 0.6 -0.9 -0.3 0.3 -1.0 -2.1 0.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.2 0.8 0.8
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.9 4.4 8.5 -2.1 -1.6 2.3 -1.9 2.0 2.5 0.4 -2.4 2.9 -2.0 -2.1 -2.0 -2.0
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.9 6.0 12.5 2.9 3.2 -1.3 -1.3 0.5 -2.5 0.8 2.6 -1.8 2.9 3.5 3.0 3.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.5 2.0 3.6 1.4 1.9 -1.4 0.8 -1.8 -1.2 0.7 1.5 -1.2 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.4
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 2.0 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -1.0 1.4 1.0 -0.4 -0.6 1.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.9 1.1 3.0 0.8 0.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.6 -0.5 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.7 3.0 4.1 2.0 1.8 -2.0 -1.9 0.4 -1.7 -1.4 2.0 -1.7 1.9 1.0 1.9 1.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 2.0 2.8 6.2 1.6 1.6 -2.5 -2.4 -1.0 -1.2 -1.5 1.7 -1.3 1.8 1.0 1.8 1.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.7 1.5 6.6 -0.9 -0.8 1.7 1.3 2.6 1.4 1.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.8 -0.0 -0.8 -0.8
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.9 2.2 7.8 -1.0 -0.1 2.2 2.1 2.8 1.4 0.4 -1.3 1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.9 1.8 5.5 -0.7 0.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.9 1.7 -0.8 -1.3 -0.8 -0.8
Major Depression (MDD) 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.1 1.1 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.3
Reaction Time 1.9 3.6 5.6 2.4 1.7 -1.1 -1.2 2.2 -1.8 0.0 2.0 -2.0 2.3 1.6 2.3 2.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.5 1.2 7.1 0.6 0.2 -1.7 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -2.7 0.4 -0.8 0.6 -0.0 0.6 0.6
Breast Cancer 0.8 2.0 4.7 1.9 0.7 -0.6 -0.9 0.7 -0.1 2.2 1.5 -0.4 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.9
Ovarian Cancer 2.2 3.0 7.0 -1.8 -1.6 2.6 2.0 1.1 0.6 2.5 -1.5 1.2 -1.8 -0.5 -1.8 -1.8
Prostate Cancer 0.4 0.6 2.8 0.2 0.6 0.5 -1.2 0.7 -0.1 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 1.7 0.2 0.2
Age at First Birth 1.6 2.3 4.2 2.0 1.4 -0.6 0.4 1.5 -0.3 1.0 2.0 -1.0 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.0
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.4 0.4 1.6 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 1.3 0.8 0.6 -0.5 1.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.6 0.8 3.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.0 0.5 1.6 -2.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.0 1.2 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 -0.9 0.4 -0.7 0.4 0.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 2.2 3.5 6.0 -2.2 -2.4 2.0 2.4 0.5 2.0 0.4 -2.0 1.3 -2.1 -1.6 -2.1 -2.1
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.2 1.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.9 1.2 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 -0.0 -0.0
HbA1C 1.0 1.1 3.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.4 1.9 1.0 -0.4 -1.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.1
HDL Cholesterol 1.4 2.3 19.8 0.7 4.4 -0.3 0.8 2.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7
LDL Cholesterol 0.6 1.0 1.8 -1.0 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.7 1.3 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9
Lupus 1.2 1.8 6.7 1.5 1.8 -1.1 0.5 0.2 -0.7 0.4 1.3 -0.6 1.5 2.6 1.5 1.5
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.5 2.5 0.5 0.9 -0.3 -1.6 0.0 0.5 0.3 -0.0 -0.1 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.9 1.3 2.9 -1.5 -1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.3 1.5 -0.7 -1.7 0.8 -1.4 -0.8 -1.4 -1.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.8 -1.1 0.8 -0.6 -0.5 0.8 0.2 -0.6 0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.0 4.4 9.7 2.5 2.7 -1.2 0.3 1.1 -1.8 1.1 2.2 -1.6 2.6 3.1 2.6 2.6
Triglycerides 1.5 2.5 6.2 -1.7 -1.0 1.1 1.5 -2.5 0.6 0.8 -1.4 2.4 -1.6 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.8 1.0 5.4 0.8 -0.3 0.4 2.3 1.2 -0.4 1.1 1.0 -0.8 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.8
Ulcerative Colitis 1.1 1.6 7.4 -1.0 -0.8 1.3 2.7 1.1 0.5 -0.4 -1.1 1.1 -1.1 -1.7 -1.0 -1.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.4 4.2 1.9 2.1 -1.1 -0.6 0.5 -1.8 -0.5 2.0 -0.9 1.9 1.2 1.9 1.9
Blood Platelet Count 0.5 6.1 18.4 2.6 4.3 -0.5 4.0 -1.8 -1.1 2.1 2.5 -0.6 2.6 1.7 2.6 2.6
Blood Red Count 1.3 12.6 58.5 -3.3 -7.7 3.4 0.6 0.8 4.0 0.6 -3.7 3.0 -3.4 -3.0 -3.3 -3.3
Blood White Count 0.2 1.6 12.5 0.8 3.5 -1.3 1.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.9 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.8
Heel T-Score 0.1 0.7 2.3 0.8 0.0 -0.2 1.4 -0.3 1.5 0.5 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.8
BMI 3.7 21.4 33.5 -5.6 -4.9 3.7 1.6 0.4 5.5 -0.7 -5.3 4.9 -5.5 -5.8 -5.6 -5.6
Height 3.6 69.6 127.7 -10.6 -11.3 7.5 5.3 1.2 6.5 1.4 -9.9 6.9 -10.6 -7.2 -10.6 -10.6
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.5 2.1 5.7 1.4 -0.3 -1.9 0.9 -1.5 -2.4 -0.7 1.4 -2.0 1.4 0.5 1.4 1.4
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.4 7.1 12.7 2.9 3.2 -3.3 -1.0 -2.2 -2.4 -1.6 2.6 -2.3 2.8 3.6 2.9 2.9
Smoking Status 0.3 0.8 5.9 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 -2.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0
Allergy or Eczema 1.4 3.6 6.2 2.5 1.1 -1.7 -1.5 -0.9 -2.2 0.2 2.5 -1.7 2.5 1.1 2.5 2.5
Cardiovascular Disease 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.9 -0.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 3.0 6.8 11.2 3.1 2.6 -1.9 -1.7 1.6 -2.9 0.7 3.3 -2.1 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.1
Respiratory disease 0.6 1.4 4.7 1.2 1.3 -0.2 2.2 1.5 0.1 0.8 1.4 -0.6 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.6 1.1 9.2 0.1 -3.0 0.2 1.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 -0.9 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.2 6.1 24.4 -2.6 -1.9 -0.8 -2.3 -4.9 -0.4 -2.5 -3.0 1.3 -2.6 -0.8 -2.6 -2.6
Lung FVC 1.1 5.8 10.0 3.1 1.5 -1.6 -1.1 0.9 -2.0 0.0 2.9 -3.2 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.1
Neuroticism 1.3 3.1 5.8 -2.0 -1.5 1.6 -2.0 0.5 1.9 -0.7 -2.3 2.4 -2.0 -0.5 -2.0 -2.0
Chronotype (morning person) 4.9 11.3 20.9 4.5 4.0 -2.6 -0.6 -1.0 -1.5 -0.2 4.1 -3.0 4.6 3.3 4.6 4.6
Hair Pigment 0.0 1.1 7.1 0.7 1.3 -1.1 -0.4 -2.7 -0.4 -0.8 0.6 -0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Tanning 0.3 4.2 8.8 2.4 1.6 -1.6 -0.2 0.3 -3.0 0.2 2.5 -2.9 2.4 1.9 2.4 2.4
Hand grip strength (left) 3.0 7.9 13.0 -3.6 -3.3 2.3 0.1 0.4 3.1 -0.5 -3.6 2.7 -3.6 -1.9 -3.6 -3.6
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.3 0.5 1.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.8 0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -0.7 -0.7
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.8 4.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -2.0 0.8 0.7 -2.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 1.6 2.7 3.8 -1.8 -1.4 1.8 -1.4 -0.1 1.6 0.8 -1.9 2.0 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9 -1.9
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.8 0.4 -0.4 1.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.4 0.6 4.5 0.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 0.2 -2.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.9 2.9 0.7 0.7 -1.4 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -1.7 0.8 -1.2 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.5 3.2 5.2 2.0 2.0 -2.1 -0.2 -1.0 -2.0 -0.6 2.3 -2.0 2.1 1.4 2.1 2.1
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 3.5 4.5 8.3 -2.3 -2.1 2.5 1.9 1.4 1.9 0.3 -2.1 2.1 -2.3 -2.9 -2.3 -2.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.7 0.5 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.3 0.7 4.1 0.1 0.8 -1.1 0.1 -2.0 -0.0 -1.8 0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 1.3 -1.2 -0.7 -0.5 0.9 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 0.4 0.4
Angina 0.8 1.1 1.6 1.2 1.0 -1.1 -1.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 1.2 -1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 3.1 3.5 10.1 -2.1 -1.8 0.8 2.2 0.5 1.5 -0.6 -2.0 1.3 -2.1 -3.2 -2.1 -2.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.8 -1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 0.3 -1.0 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6
Supplements: Zinc 1.3 1.5 2.5 1.6 0.9 -0.7 -1.5 1.3 -0.7 0.0 1.6 -0.9 1.6 0.6 1.6 1.6
Medication: Co-codamol 3.5 4.0 7.3 2.4 2.7 -1.6 -0.4 0.2 -2.1 0.6 2.2 -2.2 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.4
Medication: Metformin 0.9 1.3 2.3 1.4 -1.5 -0.7 0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.7 1.5 -1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 2.3 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 -1.5 1.0 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 -0.5
Diabetes (mother) 0.9 1.1 6.2 -0.9 -2.5 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.8 -0.5 -1.1 0.8 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 -0.9
Severe depression (siblings) 0.5 0.6 2.4 0.7 1.6 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.4 0.6 3.7 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.9 -0.9 -0.0 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
Impedance of leg (right) 0.9 4.5 7.3 2.6 2.6 -1.8 -0.9 0.9 -2.7 0.3 2.3 -1.6 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.6
Leg fat-free mass (left) 5.6 29.9 47.5 -6.9 -6.5 5.0 2.9 0.1 5.6 0.9 -6.4 5.1 -6.9 -4.8 -6.9 -6.9
Trunk fat percentage 4.1 16.5 25.3 -4.8 -3.9 2.8 3.4 -0.5 4.3 0.4 -4.6 4.6 -4.8 -5.0 -4.8 -4.8
Hand grip strength (right) 3.2 8.8 17.3 -3.8 -4.2 2.5 0.2 0.6 3.3 -0.0 -3.6 2.4 -3.8 -1.7 -3.8 -3.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.8 -1.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0
Current tobacco smoking 0.7 1.1 5.4 0.4 0.4 -1.0 -1.1 -1.9 -1.3 -2.3 0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.1 0.8 -0.1 0.7 0.4 -0.1 1.3 1.0 0.4 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0
Maternal smoking around birth 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.7 1.0 -0.9 -1.2 -0.1 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2
Fed-up feelings 2.6 4.7 7.6 -2.7 -1.9 2.3 -1.6 0.3 1.8 -0.4 -2.8 2.5 -2.7 -1.7 -2.7 -2.7
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.3 0.8 -0.4 -1.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3
Relative age voice broke 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.2 0.3 -0.7 -1.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2
Taking other prescription medications 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.6 0.7 -0.1 1.1 1.3 -1.1 0.8 0.8 -0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 3.4 8.3 14.8 -3.8 -2.3 2.6 0.2 1.1 1.7 0.2 -3.9 3.7 -3.8 -2.1 -3.8 -3.8
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.4 1.4 -0.0 -0.8 1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -0.7 -0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.6 1.4 4.6 -1.0 -1.1 1.4 1.4 -1.2 2.2 0.6 -0.9 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.1 1.3 0.4 -0.2 1.1 -0.7 0.4 0.9 0.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.7 2.3 5.0 -1.8 -0.8 1.7 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.0 -1.4 0.8 -1.8 -2.2 -1.8 -1.8
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.3 0.3 1.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.4 -1.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1
High blood pressure 0.7 2.0 3.5 1.7 1.6 -1.2 1.4 -0.0 -1.4 -0.5 1.9 -1.3 1.7 1.2 1.7 1.7
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.1 2.4 5.1 1.9 1.1 -1.1 -1.4 -0.3 -2.3 0.9 2.0 -1.0 1.9 1.1 1.9 1.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.1 2.4 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 -0.0 0.3 1.6 0.6 -0.7 1.2 -1.1 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2
Supplements: Glucosamine 2.6 3.4 5.1 -1.8 -1.7 2.3 1.3 1.8 2.1 1.6 -1.6 2.2 -1.8 -1.8 -1.8 -1.8
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.7 0.9 2.3 0.7 1.2 -0.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.7 1.5 0.7 0.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 2.0 3.3 6.6 2.1 1.4 -1.6 0.6 0.4 -2.6 1.0 2.3 -1.6 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.1
Sitting height 1.4 9.7 20.8 -4.0 -4.6 2.7 1.2 1.6 2.9 1.4 -3.8 2.2 -4.0 -0.6 -4.0 -4.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.6 0.7 2.0 0.7 0.4 -0.3 -1.1 0.7 -1.4 -0.7 0.5 -1.1 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.7
High blood pressure (mother) 1.6 2.2 3.4 1.6 1.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.8 -0.8 1.8 -1.2 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6
Body mass index (BMI) 3.3 14.1 23.9 -4.4 -3.9 2.6 2.3 -1.0 4.2 -0.8 -4.2 4.1 -4.4 -4.9 -4.4 -4.4
Impedance of leg (left) 1.0 4.9 8.0 2.7 2.8 -1.9 -0.4 0.7 -2.8 0.7 2.5 -1.5 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7
Leg predicted mass (left) 5.8 30.6 48.4 -6.9 -6.6 5.1 3.0 0.2 5.7 0.8 -6.5 5.1 -6.9 -5.0 -7.0 -7.0
Trunk fat mass 6.7 28.6 41.9 -6.5 -5.7 4.1 3.8 -0.2 5.7 0.5 -6.2 5.8 -6.5 -6.0 -6.5 -6.5
Waist circumference 4.2 15.5 25.2 -4.8 -5.0 2.4 2.9 -0.8 3.7 -0.9 -4.5 3.6 -4.7 -4.7 -4.8 -4.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 4.0 6.7 10.7 3.0 3.3 -2.0 1.1 0.5 -2.9 -0.2 2.8 -2.9 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0
Past tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.6 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 -1.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.6 2.7 0.7 -0.9 0.4 -1.3 -1.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 -0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7
Nervous feelings 0.4 0.7 4.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 -1.4 2.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.4 0.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.2 4.5 0.9 2.1 -0.8 -1.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.9 1.8 0.9 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.5 0.8 2.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.1 1.0 1.2 0.2 -1.5 -0.8 0.3 -1.0 -0.4 -1.0 -1.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.5 1.9 6.6 -1.5 -2.6 1.9 -0.7 1.0 1.0 0.2 -1.4 0.9 -1.5 -0.6 -1.5 -1.5
Had menopause 1.0 1.3 3.5 -1.0 -1.3 1.0 1.9 -1.5 0.6 -0.6 -1.1 0.8 -1.0 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0
Had other major operations 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.0 0.6 -0.3 1.5 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.3 5.3 -0.2 -1.7 1.6 -0.4 2.3 0.6 2.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.4 0.8 3.7 -0.5 -0.6 0.6 1.3 -1.9 1.7 0.3 -0.6 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.5 0.6 2.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 -1.0 0.2 -0.0 1.5 0.8 -0.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.3 2.8 -1.2 -0.5 1.0 -1.4 -0.7 0.4 -0.5 -1.3 1.7 -1.2 -1.6 -1.2 -1.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.4 2.1 5.6 1.6 0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.8 -1.6 0.9 1.8 -2.1 1.5 2.4 1.5 1.5
Heart attack 0.5 0.7 1.4 -1.0 -0.9 0.5 0.9 1.2 -0.0 -0.8 -0.9 0.8 -1.0 -0.1 -0.9 -0.9
Allergy 0.6 1.3 3.0 -1.4 -1.1 0.4 0.3 -0.5 1.7 -1.1 -1.6 0.7 -1.3 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.8 0.8 5.2 -0.0 0.5 1.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.5 2.3 0.2 1.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.7 1.1 2.1 1.1 -1.2 -1.1 1.3 -0.0 -1.0 -0.1 1.2 -0.8 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.8 -1.1 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Ramipril 0.6 0.7 2.5 0.3 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 -0.7 -1.6 -1.0 0.5 -0.9 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.9 -0.8 0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.4 0.9 -0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6
Fluid intelligence score 0.3 0.6 1.8 0.7 0.1 -1.3 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -1.3 0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.7
Illnesses of siblings 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.4 -1.6 0.1 -1.1 -0.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0 -0.4 -0.4
Neuroticism score 1.4 3.0 5.7 -2.0 -1.0 1.6 -2.2 -0.8 1.6 -0.4 -2.1 2.4 -2.0 -0.7 -2.0 -2.0
Weight 6.8 33.5 50.5 -7.1 -6.7 4.8 3.8 -0.2 5.9 0.4 -6.7 5.9 -7.1 -6.0 -7.1 -7.1
Impedance of arm (right) 0.4 1.8 4.1 1.5 2.0 -0.9 -0.3 1.4 -1.9 0.4 1.3 -1.0 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 3.7 14.4 29.1 -4.5 -3.6 2.5 2.4 -0.4 4.1 -0.7 -4.3 4.2 -4.4 -5.4 -4.5 -4.5
Trunk fat-free mass 5.3 30.4 48.7 -6.9 -7.0 5.1 2.4 0.6 5.7 0.7 -6.5 5.0 -6.9 -4.7 -7.0 -7.0
Hip circumference 6.2 26.9 40.8 -6.4 -6.1 4.2 2.3 -0.3 5.4 -0.3 -6.0 5.2 -6.4 -5.9 -6.4 -6.4
Time employed in main current job 0.7 0.8 2.8 0.9 1.0 0.6 -1.4 0.2 -0.5 1.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 2.7 4.0 11.6 2.3 3.4 -1.6 -1.0 -0.7 -2.3 -1.3 2.1 -1.4 2.2 1.7 2.2 2.2
Father’s age at death 2.1 2.8 6.3 1.9 1.0 -1.5 0.6 -0.8 -1.9 0.6 1.8 -2.2 1.9 2.5 1.9 1.9
Worrier / anxious feelings 3.9 7.4 12.6 -3.5 -2.3 2.4 -0.5 -0.2 2.9 -0.5 -3.4 2.9 -3.6 -2.4 -3.5 -3.5
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.2 0.4 1.5 -0.4 1.2 0.3 1.2 0.9 0.2 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Falls in the last year 1.2 1.6 3.7 -1.5 -1.9 1.3 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 -1.4 1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.0 1.5 3.9 0.9 1.4 -2.0 -0.8 -1.8 -1.2 -1.8 0.4 -1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9
Number of live births 0.3 0.5 2.4 -0.1 0.4 -1.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.7 -1.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.3 0.9 2.2 -0.5 -1.5 1.2 -1.2 1.0 0.5 1.5 -0.8 0.3 -0.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.6
Pulse rate 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.5 0.9 -1.1 1.2 -0.6 -0.9 0.3 1.3 -1.2 1.5 0.8 1.5 1.5
Happiness 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 -1.5 -0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8
Noisy workplace 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.6 1.0 -0.0 -0.7 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 -0.6 0.6 0.6
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.1 0.3 1.7 -0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.1 1.3 0.2 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.0 1.2 3.3 1.2 1.3 -0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.7 1.2 -1.0 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.7 1.3 5.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.6 -1.8 -1.0 0.7 -0.9 -2.4 -0.9 -0.9
Asthma 0.5 1.0 2.1 0.7 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.2 0.2 1.4 1.0 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 4.0 5.1 9.4 -2.7 -1.9 1.9 0.9 1.0 2.6 -0.0 -2.5 2.3 -2.7 -3.1 -2.7 -2.7
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.8 1.0 -0.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 -0.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Depression (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 4.7 1.5 0.7 -1.1 -1.1 0.5 -1.8 0.1 1.3 -1.4 1.5 2.2 1.5 1.5
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.5 0.6 3.4 0.0 -0.8 1.0 0.6 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.0 -0.6 -0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0
Prospective memory result 1.2 1.5 3.6 -1.4 -1.9 1.5 0.7 -0.8 0.8 0.3 -1.3 1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.4 -1.4
Lung cancer (father) 0.4 0.5 2.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 1.5 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.0 0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.7 2.2 -0.5 -0.8 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 4.1 -0.5 -1.8 0.9 -2.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.3 0.4 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2
Impedance of arm (left) 0.3 1.4 3.2 1.4 1.4 -1.1 -0.3 1.0 -1.8 0.7 1.2 -0.8 1.4 0.8 1.4 1.4
Arm fat mass (right) 5.5 22.8 32.8 -5.7 -5.2 3.7 3.1 -0.4 5.3 -0.2 -5.4 5.1 -5.7 -5.7 -5.7 -5.7
Trunk predicted mass 5.5 31.2 49.6 -7.0 -7.0 5.2 2.5 0.5 5.8 0.8 -6.6 5.1 -7.0 -4.7 -7.0 -7.0
Standing height 2.9 29.2 49.6 -6.7 -7.0 5.3 3.7 1.9 4.7 2.7 -6.4 4.8 -6.7 -3.3 -6.7 -6.7
Length of working week for main job 0.6 0.7 3.4 -0.8 0.4 -0.0 -1.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.9 -0.9 0.4 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.4 2.9 0.3 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 -1.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.2
Breastfed as a baby 1.4 1.7 2.5 -1.6 -1.3 1.0 -0.1 -1.5 1.3 -0.3 -1.5 0.9 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6 -1.6
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 3.0 4.9 13.0 2.7 2.7 -2.0 -1.3 0.0 -1.2 -0.5 2.4 -1.0 2.7 3.6 2.7 2.7
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.9 4.5 8.0 2.5 1.8 -2.1 -1.5 0.4 -2.4 -0.1 2.2 -2.3 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.2 0.6 1.6 0.9 1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.0 0.8 -0.2 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.9
Birth weight of first child 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.2
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.6 3.6 5.7 -2.4 -2.2 2.0 -0.5 0.8 1.7 0.7 -2.3 2.0 -2.4 -1.3 -2.4 -2.4
Pulse wave reflection index 1.6 2.0 3.6 -1.8 -1.9 0.5 -0.4 1.0 1.0 -1.2 -1.9 0.8 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -1.8
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 1.0 1.2 2.7 -1.0 -0.8 1.3 -1.6 0.5 1.5 0.6 -1.2 1.5 -1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -1.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 -0.6 -0.0 -0.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 2.4 3.1 7.0 -1.9 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -1.2 2.5 0.6 -2.0 2.7 -1.9 -2.2 -1.9 -1.9
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.0 4.4 1.0 2.1 -0.3 0.1 1.5 -0.8 -0.6 0.9 -0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.6 1.1 1.9 -1.1 -1.2 1.3 -0.9 -0.4 0.4 0.8 -1.0 1.1 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 4.0 1.1 0.9 -1.4 0.0 2.0 -0.9 -1.7 0.9 -1.2 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.1
Gout (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 2.0 -0.4 0.5 -1.3 1.1 -1.1 -0.5 -1.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.5 3.0 5.5 2.0 1.6 -1.2 -0.6 0.4 -2.2 0.9 2.2 -1.3 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.0
Medication: Amlodipine 1.6 2.3 5.8 1.7 1.6 -1.5 0.5 -1.7 -0.9 0.5 1.6 -1.2 1.6 2.4 1.6 1.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.3
Birth weight 0.3 0.5 2.0 0.6 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.2 0.8 -1.4 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.7 2.0 4.0 -1.9 -1.1 1.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 -1.1 -2.0 1.8 -1.9 -0.1 -1.9 -1.9
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.2 0.4 1.2 0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 0.9 2.9 -0.2 -1.7 1.2 -1.4 1.5 0.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.2
Body fat percentage 4.0 15.9 27.4 -4.6 -3.8 2.7 3.3 -0.5 4.3 -0.0 -4.5 4.6 -4.6 -5.2 -4.6 -4.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 3.2 11.7 23.1 -3.9 -3.5 2.3 2.7 -0.6 3.5 -0.9 -3.8 3.9 -3.9 -4.8 -3.9 -3.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 5.7 29.0 46.0 -6.8 -6.8 4.7 3.0 -0.5 5.7 1.0 -6.3 5.0 -6.8 -4.3 -6.8 -6.8
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.4 0.6 4.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.9 2.1 0.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.4 -0.4
Comparative body size at age 10 1.0 2.7 9.2 -1.4 -3.0 1.2 -2.1 -0.2 2.1 0.6 -1.4 1.8 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.4
Number of full brothers 1.1 1.4 3.7 1.5 1.9 -0.5 0.1 0.8 -0.8 0.0 1.5 -0.9 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 8.5 14.2 21.1 -4.5 -3.8 3.5 -2.6 -1.2 3.6 0.2 -4.5 4.6 -4.5 -3.7 -4.5 -4.5
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 2.0 2.5 4.5 1.9 1.1 -1.6 -1.2 -0.2 -1.6 -0.2 1.9 -2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.2 0.4 3.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.9 1.9 -0.0 0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2
Number of children fathered 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.7 0.1 1.0 0.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.1
Age at first live birth 0.4 0.6 2.8 0.6 1.4 -0.4 0.9 0.4 1.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 0.6 0.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.4 0.5 2.5 -0.1 -0.0 1.4 0.3 0.9 0.8 1.6 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.2 -0.2
Health satisfaction 2.0 2.6 7.2 1.5 1.7 -2.7 -0.1 -2.0 -2.2 -0.7 1.3 -1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.7 0.8 3.7 -0.3 0.1 -1.0 -1.4 -1.9 0.2 -1.2 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -1.4 -0.3 -0.3
Qualifications: College or University degree 2.1 6.5 10.7 3.2 2.0 -2.9 -1.2 0.2 -1.6 -1.2 2.8 -2.8 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.7 0.8 7.0 0.6 0.8 -0.3 -2.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.3 -1.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.5
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.4 0.5 3.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.9 1.2 0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.5 0.8 2.5 0.7 0.7 -0.6 -1.5 -0.5 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.0 0.7 1.6 0.7 0.7
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.5 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.8 0.2 0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 1.4 2.5 5.1 1.9 1.5 -1.6 1.6 0.3 -1.0 -0.6 1.6 -1.5 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.9
Angina (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 0.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 1.1 -0.9 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1
Migraine (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.6 1.5 -0.5 -0.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen 2.8 3.3 6.9 -2.1 -1.4 1.7 0.9 0.8 2.2 -0.0 -1.9 1.8 -2.1 -2.6 -2.1 -2.1
Medication: Allopurinol 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Medication: Omeprazole 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.7 -0.7
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.3 0.6 2.8 0.9 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 1.7 -0.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.7 0.9 0.1 0.9 0.9
Heart disease (mother) 0.2 0.2 1.3 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 -1.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.3 0.3 2.2 -0.0 -0.4 0.4 1.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1
Whole body fat mass 6.5 27.1 39.8 -6.3 -5.6 4.0 3.7 -0.2 5.5 0.1 -6.0 5.6 -6.3 -5.9 -6.3 -6.3
Leg fat mass (right) 5.6 21.8 31.4 -5.6 -5.0 3.7 3.2 -0.6 4.8 -0.2 -5.3 5.1 -5.6 -5.5 -5.6 -5.6
Arm predicted mass (right) 5.4 27.8 44.8 -6.6 -6.7 4.5 2.7 -0.4 5.5 0.8 -6.2 4.9 -6.6 -4.3 -6.7 -6.7
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 5.4 1.1 0.7 -1.3 -0.0 -2.3 -1.6 -0.5 1.4 -1.1 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.6 1.1 0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.7 -0.9 0.6 -0.2 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7
Comparative height size at age 10 1.7 9.5 15.3 -3.8 -3.9 3.1 1.8 1.8 2.4 1.4 -3.7 2.5 -3.8 -2.6 -3.8 -3.8
Number of full sisters 1.2 1.4 3.3 0.8 1.6 -1.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.8 -1.7 0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.4 0.6 3.4 0.7 0.9 -0.6 -0.6 0.6 -0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.7 0.7
Overall health rating 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.9 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Chest pain or discomfort 0.6 0.9 3.2 0.7 1.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 0.8 -0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7
Had major operations 1.1 1.3 10.2 0.3 0.1 1.2 3.2 1.9 0.5 1.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
Age at last live birth 1.3 1.9 6.3 1.5 1.9 -2.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 1.4 -1.7 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.5
Family relationship satisfaction 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.6 -0.1 1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6
Leg pain on walking 0.6 0.8 2.4 -0.4 0.5 -1.5 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.8 1.0 3.7 0.9 0.8 -0.5 1.9 0.1 -0.2 1.3 1.1 -1.0 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.3
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.2 1.5 3.9 -1.1 -0.7 1.1 -1.1 0.8 1.9 0.1 -1.2 2.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1 -1.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.2 -0.1 -0.8 1.5 0.0 -1.0 0.8 1.2 -0.5 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.4 2.8 6.1 1.6 1.5 -2.2 -2.5 0.7 -1.7 -0.6 1.4 -1.7 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.6
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.0 1.6 2.7 -1.6 -1.4 1.0 1.6 -0.3 0.7 0.9 -1.3 1.0 -1.6 -0.4 -1.6 -1.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.5 4.3 1.9 1.8 -1.3 1.9 -0.0 -1.4 -0.5 2.1 -1.6 1.8 1.2 1.9 1.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.5 1.7 4.4 -1.4 -1.2 1.5 0.9 -0.2 0.7 0.9 -1.2 1.7 -1.4 -2.1 -1.4 -1.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.5 0.7 2.3 -0.6 -0.4 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.6 -1.5 -0.6 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 2.0 2.5 5.3 2.0 1.0 -1.1 2.3 0.9 -1.2 0.0 1.9 -1.3 2.0 1.3 2.0 2.0
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.7 3.3 0.9 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 1.8 1.0 -0.3 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 2.6 5.3 8.4 -2.9 -2.9 1.9 0.3 0.3 2.3 1.2 -2.8 2.2 -2.9 -2.1 -2.9 -2.9
Whole body fat-free mass 5.6 31.9 51.0 -7.1 -7.0 5.1 2.8 0.2 5.8 0.7 -6.6 5.2 -7.1 -4.9 -7.1 -7.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 5.2 27.5 44.1 -6.6 -6.3 4.8 2.9 0.2 5.4 0.9 -6.2 4.9 -6.6 -4.4 -6.6 -6.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 4.3 17.0 31.8 -4.9 -4.2 2.6 2.7 -0.5 4.4 -0.6 -4.6 4.5 -4.8 -5.6 -4.9 -4.9
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.2 6.8 1.0 0.2 -0.5 -1.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.9 -0.7 1.1 2.6 1.1 1.1
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.8 0.9 3.9 -0.5 0.2 1.4 2.0 -1.0 1.2 0.8 -0.8 1.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Mood swings 0.6 1.0 4.5 -0.6 0.2 1.3 -0.7 0.5 2.1 0.7 -0.9 1.8 -0.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.6
Loneliness, isolation 0.6 0.9 3.2 0.7 0.6 -1.2 -0.9 -1.8 -1.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.4 -1.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4
Ever had bowel cancer screening 1.6 1.8 3.6 1.7 1.7 -0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.7 1.9 -1.5 1.8 0.3 1.8 1.8
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.6 3.0 1.3 -1.7 -0.9 0.9 -0.7 -1.4 0.1 1.5 -1.2 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 3.3 3.6 10.8 2.1 2.5 -3.3 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 1.8 -2.1 2.1 0.8 2.1 2.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.4 0.6 1.2 -0.9 -1.1 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.7 -0.6 -1.0 0.9 -0.9 0.4 -1.0 -1.0
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.5 2.0 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.0 0.8 -0.5 0.9 1.4 0.9 0.9
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.5 -0.6 0.3 1.2 -0.8 0.0 0.2 -0.3 1.0 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.6 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.6 -0.1 0.7 -1.2 0.6 0.4 1.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.9 -0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.6 -1.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.9
Back pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.6 4.3 -1.5 -0.8 1.1 1.1 -0.1 1.3 -0.1 -1.3 0.8 -1.5 -2.1 -1.5 -1.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.0 1.4 5.4 0.6 1.2 -1.7 -0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -2.3 0.5 -1.6 0.6 1.4 0.6 0.6
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.5 0.5 1.9 0.4 0.7 -1.4 -0.4 -0.5 -1.3 -0.3 0.9 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 0.4 0.4
Asthma (self-reported) 0.4 0.8 2.6 0.4 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.2 0.4 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.9 0.6 0.5 -0.6 1.7 -0.0 -0.7 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.9 1.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.2 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.9
Medication: Aspirin 0.5 0.6 2.6 0.8 -0.6 -0.5 1.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.6 0.8 -0.3 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8
Medication: Gliclazide 0.7 0.8 5.4 -0.5 -2.3 1.4 1.0 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.4 0.4 2.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 0.9 -1.5 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4
Smoking status: Current 0.5 0.7 4.5 0.1 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.4 -1.0 -2.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.5 1.0 2.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.6 0.9 -1.3 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.1
Whole body water mass 5.6 32.2 51.1 -7.1 -7.0 5.2 2.6 0.1 6.0 0.8 -6.7 5.3 -7.1 -4.8 -7.2 -7.2
Leg predicted mass (right) 5.2 28.0 44.8 -6.7 -6.4 4.8 2.9 0.1 5.4 0.9 -6.2 4.9 -6.7 -4.5 -6.7 -6.7
Arm fat mass (left) 5.9 24.3 35.8 -6.0 -5.4 3.5 2.9 -0.4 5.3 -0.5 -5.7 5.1 -6.0 -5.9 -6.0 -6.0
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.0 1.8 3.4 1.6 1.8 -0.6 1.0 0.4 -1.3 1.0 1.8 -1.0 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.2 1.6 8.9 -0.9 -3.0 1.2 1.1 0.2 0.8 2.1 -0.9 0.7 -0.9 0.4 -0.9 -0.9
Miserableness 3.6 6.2 11.1 -2.9 -2.0 3.0 -0.3 0.5 2.6 0.6 -3.0 3.3 -2.9 -2.5 -2.9 -2.9
Guilty feelings 2.2 3.3 8.7 -1.9 -0.8 2.1 -2.9 -1.0 1.4 0.5 -2.2 2.3 -1.9 -1.0 -1.9 -1.9
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.5 0.5 1.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.1 -1.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0 0.3 -0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.9
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.3 0.4 2.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -1.6 0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Hearing aid user 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.8 0.9 -0.2 0.7 0.3 -1.1 -0.0 0.8 -1.0 0.9 -0.1 0.9 0.9
Mother’s age at death 0.3 0.4 3.4 -0.0 -0.4 0.5 0.4 1.9 0.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.5 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0
Financial situation satisfaction 0.6 0.7 4.3 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -2.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.5 0.2 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.4 0.5 2.4 0.7 -0.0 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.7 1.6 0.7 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.7 2.1 1.0 0.5 -0.7 0.8 1.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 -0.6 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.2 -0.9 0.0 -0.4 -1.0 -0.8 0.7 -0.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.2 2.6 1.1 1.6 -0.9 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 0.3 1.2 -1.0 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.8 1.0 3.0 -0.6 -1.0 1.6 -0.0 1.7 0.7 1.5 -0.8 1.0 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.6 3.0 0.0 1.7 -0.4 0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 0.5 -0.0 0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.0
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.4 3.7 0.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -1.9 0.0 -0.3 -0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Lisinopril 2.3 3.0 5.5 2.0 1.5 -2.3 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.3 2.0 -1.5 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 2.4 2.9 4.8 1.8 2.2 -2.0 0.6 0.0 -1.9 -1.6 1.7 -1.4 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.8
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.9 0.2 0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.5 0.6 2.4 -0.5 -0.3 1.5 -0.1 1.6 0.6 0.6 -0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5
Ever smoked 0.4 0.8 2.8 0.8 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 0.9 -0.2 1.1 0.8 -0.7 0.9 1.7 0.8 0.8
Basal metabolic rate 6.2 34.1 53.7 -7.3 -7.1 5.3 3.1 0.2 6.1 0.7 -6.8 5.5 -7.3 -5.3 -7.3 -7.3
Leg fat percentage (left) 3.3 11.8 22.8 -3.9 -3.5 2.1 3.2 -0.7 3.4 -0.6 -3.8 4.0 -3.9 -4.8 -3.9 -3.9
Arm fat-free mass (left) 5.3 27.1 42.9 -6.5 -6.3 4.5 2.6 -0.5 5.5 0.5 -6.1 4.9 -6.5 -4.7 -6.5 -6.5
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 4.1 0.6 0.7 -0.1 2.0 0.4 -0.2 0.5 1.0 -0.8 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.6
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.2 0.2 0.9 -0.6 0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.6
Irritability 0.6 0.9 2.6 -1.0 -0.9 0.8 -0.8 0.1 1.4 -0.2 -1.0 1.6 -1.1 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1
Risk taking 4.0 5.8 10.0 3.1 3.0 -1.3 1.7 -0.2 -1.4 1.7 3.2 -1.4 3.1 2.5 3.1 3.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.0 1.2 2.7 1.0 1.1 -0.3 1.6 -0.1 -1.5 1.1 1.2 -0.7 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.4 -0.0 0.5 1.1 1.2 0.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.8 1.0 6.6 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 0.8 -2.6 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.5 1.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.0 1.3 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.0 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 1.3 0.9 -0.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.6 0.8 4.4 0.5 0.8 -0.7 0.1 1.1 -2.1 -0.5 0.7 -1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.8 1.0 2.9 -0.7 -0.7 1.3 0.5 1.4 0.9 1.7 -0.7 1.4 -0.7 0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Myopia 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 -1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.4 1.0 1.7 -1.2 -1.2 1.1 -0.8 0.1 1.0 0.6 -1.3 0.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.2 -1.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.6 0.9 3.3 0.1 1.2 -1.4 0.1 -1.4 -1.8 -1.4 0.4 -0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.5 0.6 4.2 0.1 0.4 -2.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.8 -1.6 -0.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1
Pain experienced in last month 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.1
Supplements: Calcium 0.5 0.5 2.0 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.0 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.7
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.8 -0.2 -0.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.4 1.0 1.1 0.1 -0.8 -1.0 0.9 -1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -1.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.8 0.1 1.0 0.8 0.0 0.9 1.2 -0.5 1.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.6 1.8 5.2 1.2 1.3 -1.8 -0.7 -0.5 -1.6 -1.0 1.0 -1.4 1.2 2.3 1.2 1.2
Pack years of smoking 0.3 0.4 2.0 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1
Impedance of whole body 0.8 4.0 7.0 2.3 2.6 -1.7 -0.3 1.1 -2.6 0.8 2.1 -1.5 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.4
Leg fat mass (left) 5.7 22.1 31.8 -5.6 -5.1 3.7 3.5 -0.5 4.8 -0.1 -5.3 5.2 -5.6 -5.5 -5.6 -5.6
Arm predicted mass (left) 5.7 28.8 45.7 -6.7 -6.5 4.8 2.9 -0.0 5.7 0.3 -6.3 5.0 -6.7 -4.7 -6.8 -6.8