Hub : Genes

PCDH9

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.098 0.0430 7.3e-03 0.054 NA 0.068 NA 0.064 6.9e-05 NA 7.6e-06 NA 1.4e-05
2 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.305 0.0562 1.8e-09 0.227 NA 0.208 NA 0.222 4.5e-16 NA 1.0e-14 NA 1.0e-15
3 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.128 0.0392 5.0e-05 0.002 0.041 0.015 NA 0.011 1.6e-01 1.8e-05 7.2e-03 NA 1.6e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.4 1.1 2.3 -1.5 0.9 0.5
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 6.7 14.1 31.2 -2.6 2.1 -5.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 9.6 14.4 31.7 -3.1 1.3 -5.6
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.4 1.3 2.2 1.0 -1.5 -0.8
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 7.4 17.4 31.5 -4.4 1.0 -5.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 2.0 2.7 7.1 -0.9 0.2 -2.7
Worry (Nagel 2018) 5.3 11.2 18.2 -4.3 -0.2 -3.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.4 1.6 2.1 -1.1 1.3 -1.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.8 3.1 9.1 0.2 -0.2 3.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.4 0.6 0.8 -0.3 0.9 0.9
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.4 0.9 1.1 -1.1 1.0 -0.7
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.9 2.1 3.8 -1.6 1.9 0.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.3 2.5 4.4 -1.7 2.1 0.5
Major Depression (MDD) 0.7 0.9 1.6 0.4 -1.3 -1.0
Reaction Time 1.9 3.6 6.0 -2.2 0.0 2.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.6 1.3 1.1 -0.6 0.2
Breast Cancer 0.4 0.9 2.1 1.5 0.6 -0.5
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.8 0.4 0.7
Prostate Cancer 1.3 1.9 3.0 -1.6 -1.7 0.3
Age at First Birth 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.1 -1.0 0.9
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.5 0.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.2 0.9
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.4 0.6 1.2 -1.1 -0.0 -0.7
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.8 2.1 6.1 -0.6 0.1 2.5
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.7 1.1 3.4 -1.8 -0.1 0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.3
Fasting Glucose 0.5 0.6 1.3 -1.1 0.1 0.7
HbA1C 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 -0.9 0.3
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 -0.3
LDL Cholesterol 0.7 1.1 2.9 -0.6 0.5 1.7
Lupus 2.0 3.0 7.7 -2.8 0.6 -0.9
Neuroticism (2016) 5.1 7.4 19.7 -1.4 0.7 -4.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.3 0.5 0.8 -0.6 0.9 0.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.2 -1.4 0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.7 1.6 3.3 -1.8 1.2 -0.4
Triglycerides 0.4 0.7 1.9 -0.3 -1.4 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.5 1.7 4.4 -2.1 -0.8 -0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 1.3 1.8 3.8 -1.9 0.8 1.0
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.4 3.1 7.8 -0.6 2.8 -1.0
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.7 -0.6
Blood Red Count 0.1 0.9 1.4 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2
Blood White Count 0.3 2.2 4.0 -1.1 2.0 -1.2
Heel T-Score 0.1 1.1 2.0 -1.4 -1.2 -0.2
BMI 0.6 3.3 8.7 -0.4 1.0 -2.9
Height 0.1 2.2 4.6 -2.1 -0.5 1.4
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.9 -0.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.7 3.4 8.2 1.1 -1.0 2.9
Smoking Status 2.1 5.0 7.3 -1.7 2.2 -2.7
Allergy or Eczema 1.0 2.7 6.0 -1.0 1.0 -2.5
Cardiovascular Disease 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.0
Respiratory disease 0.9 2.1 4.3 -1.2 -0.7 -2.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.2 -1.1 0.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.5 2.6 4.7 -1.7 0.3 -2.2
Lung FVC 0.7 3.6 9.2 3.0 -1.1 0.7
Neuroticism 6.9 16.7 31.6 -4.3 0.1 -5.6
Chronotype (morning person) 1.1 2.5 7.2 2.7 -0.4 0.2
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.4 3.9 -1.6 2.0 -0.8
Tanning 0.5 6.2 14.3 3.8 1.3 1.6
Hand grip strength (left) 0.1 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.5 -0.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.2 2.1 6.1 -0.4 0.3 -2.5
Average weekly spirits intake 1.3 1.6 4.2 2.0 -0.7 0.3
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 4.3 7.3 13.1 -3.6 -1.4 -2.6
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 6.7 9.4 18.4 -3.1 0.5 -4.3
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.6 1.0 1.4 -0.7 1.2 -1.0
Relative age of first facial hair 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.8
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.1 2.7 7.3 -0.9 0.1 -2.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.9 1.1 1.7 0.7 1.1 -1.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.9 -0.5
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.3 3.8 4.0 2.0 1.9 2.0
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.8
Angina 0.6 0.8 1.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 1.3 1.7 4.0 -1.1 2.0 0.2
Supplements: Zinc 1.2 1.3 2.2 1.5 -1.0 0.8
Medication: Co-codamol 2.6 3.0 7.2 -1.2 0.7 -2.7
Medication: Metformin 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.9
Diabetes (father) 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.7
Diabetes (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.8 -0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 1.6 1.7 4.7 0.7 0.0 -2.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.2 1.4 0.1
Impedance of leg (right) 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.7
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.5 4.2 -2.0 0.0 -0.5
Trunk fat percentage 0.3 1.0 2.3 -1.5 0.5 -0.7
Hand grip strength (right) 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1
Current tobacco smoking 2.0 3.3 6.4 -1.4 2.5 -1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 2.0 2.3 3.0 1.7 -1.1 1.6
Maternal smoking around birth 2.2 3.2 8.6 0.2 2.9 -0.9
Fed-up feelings 6.1 11.1 25.0 -2.4 1.7 -5.0
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 9.4 12.5 27.4 -3.2 -0.1 -5.2
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.2 0.7 -1.2
Taking other prescription medications 1.8 2.7 6.9 -1.0 0.6 -2.6
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.3 0.7 1.3 -1.1 0.4 -0.9
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 1.4 3.2 7.9 -2.8 -1.0 0.9
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 3.3 3.5 9.3 -0.4 1.1 -3.1
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 1.2 1.5 2.7 0.8 1.6 1.1
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 2.2 2.7 4.1 -2.0 0.2 -2.0
High blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.4 3.1 8.2 -0.9 0.6 -2.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 -0.9 -0.8
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 4.5 5.6 13.0 -1.9 0.1 -3.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.3
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.9 1.1 2.9 -0.0 -1.7 -0.7
Medication: Atenolol 0.9 1.2 2.3 1.1 -0.2 -1.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.8 1.4 2.0 -1.3 0.7 -1.4
Sitting height 0.3 2.0 4.1 -2.0 -1.1 1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.8 0.9 -0.3
High blood pressure (mother) 0.8 1.1 2.0 0.2 1.4 -1.1
Body mass index (BMI) 0.6 2.4 3.4 -1.3 1.5 -1.8
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.8 1.1 0.8 -1.0 0.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.5 4.3 -2.1 -0.1 -0.4
Trunk fat mass 0.3 1.5 3.4 -1.8 0.5 -0.8
Waist circumference 0.4 1.4 2.2 -1.5 0.3 -1.4
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.3 1.9 -1.4 -1.4 -0.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.6 4.4 0.5 0.6 2.1
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.1
Nervous feelings 5.0 9.4 15.0 -3.9 -0.2 -3.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 5.2 8.1 12.8 -3.1 1.2 -3.6
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.6 1.0 2.8 0.4 -0.3 -1.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.2
Had menopause 0.8 1.0 2.3 1.5 -0.5 0.8
Had other major operations 0.8 0.9 2.0 0.8 -1.4 0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.4 1.7 4.1 0.5 -2.0 0.8
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 1.4 3.3 7.6 -2.8 -1.3 0.6
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 2.5 3.0 9.0 -0.1 0.4 -3.0
Qualifications: None of the above 1.1 2.4 5.2 -1.3 2.3 -0.3
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.1 1.4 3.1 -0.1 -1.1 -1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.3 2.0 2.9 0.7 -1.7 1.6
Heart attack 0.6 0.8 1.8 0.6 0.6 -1.3
Allergy 1.1 2.5 5.1 1.6 -0.2 2.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.4 -0.8 0.8
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.1 -0.3
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 0.9 1.8 -0.9 0.1 -1.4
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.4
Fluid intelligence score 0.6 1.1 2.5 0.9 -1.6 0.2
Illnesses of siblings 1.9 2.7 4.3 -2.1 -0.5 -1.8
Neuroticism score 9.8 20.4 38.8 -4.7 0.0 -6.2
Weight 0.3 1.6 3.4 -1.8 0.7 -0.9
Impedance of arm (right) 0.5 2.5 3.9 0.1 -1.9 2.0
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.7 2.1 -1.1 1.3 -1.5
Trunk fat-free mass 0.1 0.7 1.3 -1.1 0.5 -0.7
Hip circumference 0.3 1.5 2.5 -1.6 0.4 -1.3
Time employed in main current job 1.2 1.4 4.0 2.0 0.2 -0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.1 1.7 3.6 -1.9 0.7 -0.9
Father’s age at death 1.6 2.1 3.0 1.7 -0.9 -1.6
Worrier / anxious feelings 3.8 7.1 12.7 -2.9 0.4 -3.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 4.6 7.4 13.4 -2.6 -1.4 -3.7
Falls in the last year 2.2 3.0 4.8 -2.2 0.9 -1.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 1.0 1.4 3.7 1.9 0.1 0.7
Number of live births 1.1 1.6 2.9 -1.2 0.6 -1.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.3 0.9 2.5 0.1 -1.6 0.3
Pulse rate 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.4 -0.8 1.0
Happiness 3.4 4.2 6.1 -1.5 2.5 -2.0
Noisy workplace 2.0 2.5 5.8 0.1 1.3 -2.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 3.0 6.6 19.6 -0.2 -4.4 0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 2.6 3.0 4.8 -2.0 -2.2 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.8 3.1 6.8 0.5 2.6 -1.5
Asthma 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.9 2.5 3.1 -1.1 1.7 -1.8
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.2
Depression (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.4
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.5
Lung cancer (father) 1.4 1.6 3.5 -1.9 1.0 -0.5
Illnesses of mother 1.8 2.2 5.8 0.1 -2.4 0.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 1.0 2.9 -0.2 -1.7 0.3
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.2 2.5 7.0 2.6 -0.1 0.8
Impedance of arm (left) 0.6 2.7 4.6 0.1 -2.1 1.9
Arm fat mass (right) 0.5 1.9 2.6 -1.6 1.1 -1.4
Trunk predicted mass 0.1 0.8 1.3 -1.1 0.6 -0.8
Standing height 0.3 2.9 3.1 -1.7 -1.7 1.8
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.3
Breastfed as a baby 2.2 2.7 3.6 -1.2 -1.9 1.8
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 1.0 1.7 3.9 -2.0 -1.0 -0.3
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 4.5 6.8 14.2 -2.5 0.4 -3.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.9
Birth weight of first child 2.0 3.7 6.5 2.6 0.7 -2.0
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.4 0.9 1.8 1.3 0.0 0.9
Pulse wave reflection index 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 2.4 2.9 8.0 -0.1 0.8 -2.8
Loud music exposure frequency 0.7 0.8 1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 1.0 1.5 4.1 0.2 -2.0 -0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.8 2.3 3.9 -0.7 1.6 -2.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.6
Medication: Paracetamol 3.2 5.3 10.1 -1.5 1.9 -3.2
Headache pain in last month 1.6 2.7 5.0 -1.7 -0.0 -2.2
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.0 0.1 1.2
Gout (self-reported) 1.5 2.1 3.2 1.7 -0.2 -1.8
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3
Medication: Amlodipine 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.3
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.3 -1.1
Birth weight 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 3.2 3.7 10.7 -3.3 0.7 -0.0
High blood pressure (siblings) 1.2 1.8 3.0 1.7 1.0 1.1
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.2 0.8 1.9 0.4 -1.4 0.7
Body fat percentage 0.3 1.2 1.7 -1.3 0.9 -1.1
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.6 2.2 2.9 -0.9 1.7 -1.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.1 1.8 -1.3 0.7 -1.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.3 0.1 -1.0
Comparative body size at age 10 0.7 2.0 5.7 0.1 -0.6 2.4
Number of full brothers 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.4
Worry too long after embarrassment 4.1 6.9 13.1 -2.7 0.2 -3.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.3 1.8 3.6 -0.6 1.1 -1.9
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.8 3.3 7.1 -0.5 1.6 -2.7
Number of children fathered 2.1 2.4 4.4 -0.6 -2.1 1.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 2.1 2.5 6.0 1.0 -0.7 2.4
Age at first live birth 3.2 5.6 7.5 2.0 -2.7 2.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.4 2.8 8.1 -2.8 -0.1 -0.6
Health satisfaction 8.4 11.0 19.5 -3.3 1.5 -4.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.6 3.1 7.8 -1.2 -0.6 -2.8
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.8 2.7 7.2 -0.4 -2.7 0.8
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.8 0.9 1.3 -1.1 0.8 -0.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.3
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 2.2 2.5 5.8 -2.4 -1.3 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 4.6 7.8 16.5 1.6 -2.1 4.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 2.4 3.5 7.4 -1.7 0.3 -2.7
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.3 -0.0 1.3
Angina (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 1.3 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2
Migraine (self-reported) 1.2 1.5 3.5 -1.9 0.3 -1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.8 2.1 3.8 -1.4 0.7 -1.9
Medication: Allopurinol 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 -0.2 -0.9
Medication: Omeprazole 2.6 3.0 5.3 -0.4 1.9 -2.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4
Mean time to correctly identify matches 2.1 3.9 10.2 -1.1 0.5 3.2
Heart disease (mother) 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.9 -0.2
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.4 -1.0 -0.7
Whole body fat mass 0.4 1.5 3.2 -1.8 0.5 -1.0
Leg fat mass (right) 0.4 1.4 1.5 -1.1 1.2 -1.2
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.8 1.1 -1.1 0.7 -0.8
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.5 1.5 2.9 -1.7 -0.7 1.0
Alcohol intake frequency. 2.1 5.0 7.1 -2.6 1.1 -2.7
Comparative height size at age 10 0.5 2.5 5.4 -1.3 -0.8 2.3
Number of full sisters 1.1 1.4 3.2 -0.2 0.9 -1.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 4.3 6.7 10.2 -3.1 0.3 -3.2
Overall health rating 5.3 11.5 22.4 -4.7 1.3 -3.2
Chest pain or discomfort 4.2 6.0 9.4 -3.1 -2.9 -0.8
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 1.1 -0.2 0.9 -1.0
Age at last live birth 1.5 2.1 3.7 1.4 -1.9 0.8
Family relationship satisfaction 0.9 1.1 1.8 -1.1 0.6 -1.3
Leg pain on walking 2.6 3.3 8.8 -1.0 0.3 -3.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.9 1.1 2.5 -1.6 0.3 -0.9
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.4 0.6 -0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 3.6 4.4 6.6 2.6 1.4 2.1
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.6 -0.0 -0.9
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.8 1.0 2.2 -1.5 -0.9 -0.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.1 1.7 3.5 -1.9 1.0 -0.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.5
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 2.0 2.4 4.8 -0.3 1.5 -2.2
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.9 1.2 2.1 1.2 1.4 0.3
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.5 1.9 3.0 -1.4 -0.9 -1.7
Smoking status: Previous 1.2 1.8 4.9 0.1 -0.7 -2.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.2 0.4 0.9
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.0 2.5 -1.6 0.5 -0.7
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.3 3.8 -1.9 0.0 -0.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.3 1.3 2.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.4
Average weekly red wine intake 0.8 1.2 2.9 1.7 -0.8 -0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.3
Mood swings 3.2 5.8 9.3 -3.0 -0.8 -2.7
Loneliness, isolation 7.6 10.5 24.7 -1.2 2.3 -5.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.4 2.2 3.3 -1.7 -0.5 -1.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 -0.5 0.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.7 -0.6 1.1
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.4 1.5 3.5 0.1 1.0 -1.9
Friendships satisfaction 0.5 0.7 1.6 -1.3 -0.3 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.0 1.6 3.4 0.2 -1.1 1.8
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.5 0.5 0.7 -0.9 -0.8 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.6 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 2.7 4.3 6.5 -2.0 -2.5 1.6
Medication for cholesterol 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.5 0.6 0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3
Back pain experienced in last month 2.8 4.0 6.1 -2.4 -0.5 -2.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.5 0.7 1.9 -1.4 -0.4 -0.4
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 2.9 0.4 -1.7 1.5
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.9
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.0 1.3 2.0 -0.7 1.1 1.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.8
Medication: Gliclazide 1.3 1.5 2.8 1.2 1.7 -0.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.5 0.6 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.2
Smoking status: Current 1.9 3.0 5.7 -1.4 2.4 -1.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.3 0.6 1.8 1.4 0.2 -0.0
Whole body water mass 0.2 1.3 3.2 -1.8 0.5 -0.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.2 1.3 3.7 -1.9 -0.1 -0.4
Arm fat mass (left) 0.4 1.7 2.3 -1.5 0.9 -1.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.7 1.3 2.0 -1.2 0.7 -1.4
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 4.1 5.6 11.1 0.9 -2.2 3.3
Miserableness 5.5 9.5 23.9 -2.0 0.9 -4.9
Guilty feelings 6.1 9.1 14.2 -3.8 -0.5 -3.6
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.3 1.5 2.6 1.2 0.8 -1.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 1.6 1.8 4.0 -2.0 -1.1 -0.0
Hearing aid user 2.7 3.0 7.2 1.3 -0.3 2.7
Mother’s age at death 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.1
Financial situation satisfaction 1.7 2.2 5.6 -0.9 -0.4 -2.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.8 1.0 1.7 -0.0 -1.1 -1.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.1 -0.5 1.1
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.2 -0.9
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 3.3 4.2 9.1 -1.8 0.3 -3.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.0
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 -0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 4.3 6.6 15.4 -1.5 1.5 -3.9
Medication: Lisinopril 1.4 1.8 4.1 -1.0 -2.0 0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.8 1.6 0.5 1.2 -0.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 2.9 -0.3 -1.7 -0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.7 0.9 1.7 -1.3 0.1 -1.0
Ever smoked 0.7 1.2 3.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 1.3 3.0 -1.7 0.4 -0.9
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 2.0 2.9 -1.0 1.4 -1.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.3 1.6 2.6 -1.6 1.0 -1.2
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.1 -0.7 -0.3 -1.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.3 0.4 0.6 -0.8 0.6 0.4
Irritability 3.4 5.8 10.1 -2.5 -1.1 -3.2
Risk taking 0.4 0.6 0.9 -0.6 0.9 0.8
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.8 1.0 2.8 1.7 -0.1 -0.3
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.4 0.6 1.4 1.2 -0.5 0.1
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.3 1.6 2.4 1.4 -1.5 0.8
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.5 1.7 2.4 -1.1 1.5 1.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 3.3 4.1 10.1 0.2 1.5 -3.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.6 0.8 2.0 -0.7 -1.4 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.8 0.9 2.1 0.7 -1.4 -0.3
Myopia 1.0 1.4 2.9 1.7 0.0 1.2
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.9 2.3 3.9 -0.5 1.6 -2.0
Pain experienced in last month 4.1 6.8 11.8 3.4 -0.8 2.8
Supplements: Calcium 1.0 1.1 2.0 0.7 -1.4 0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.7 3.2 5.0 -2.2 -2.1 0.5
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.5 -1.0
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.2 0.7
Heart disease (siblings) 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.1 -1.3 -0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.8 2.0 5.4 2.3 -0.1 0.8
Pack years of smoking 0.7 1.0 2.9 0.4 1.7 -0.1
Impedance of whole body 0.4 2.2 3.4 0.4 -1.9 1.7
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.3 1.7 -1.1 1.0 -1.3
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.3 1.7 2.0 -1.4 1.2 -1.3