Hub : Genes

PCDHB15

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 CommonMind Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0830 0.0280 9.2e-05 0.046 0.061 0.050 0.061 0.049 2.6e-06 5.9e-08 9.5e-07 5.9e-08 1.2e-06
2 GTEx Adipose Subcutaneous 0.2150 0.0590 6.0e-07 0.212 NA 0.255 NA 0.275 3.6e-17 NA 7.3e-21 NA 1.3e-22
3 GTEx Artery Aorta 0.1610 0.0510 1.4e-04 0.030 NA 0.120 NA 0.099 9.1e-03 NA 4.1e-07 NA 4.2e-06
4 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.1841 0.0565 4.2e-05 0.146 NA 0.115 NA 0.171 1.5e-11 NA 2.9e-09 NA 2.4e-13
5 GTEx Nerve Tibial 0.1231 0.0514 6.9e-03 0.120 NA 0.103 NA 0.102 8.5e-09 NA 1.0e-07 NA 1.1e-07
6 GTEx Pancreas 0.2400 0.1000 9.1e-03 0.028 NA 0.096 NA 0.079 2.3e-02 NA 7.4e-05 NA 3.0e-04
7 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.1340 0.0520 2.1e-03 0.006 NA 0.024 NA 0.010 9.8e-02 NA 4.3e-03 NA 4.4e-02
8 GTEx Testis 0.3100 0.0730 3.2e-05 0.147 NA 0.116 NA 0.114 4.8e-07 NA 7.8e-06 NA 1.0e-05
9 METSIM Adipose 0.1001 0.0368 4.5e-06 0.079 0.032 0.067 0.061 0.068 6.0e-12 1.1e-05 2.5e-10 1.6e-09 1.9e-10
10 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0411 0.0196 7.2e-03 -0.001 0.005 -0.002 0.004 -0.001 5.3e-01 6.5e-02 6.3e-01 7.8e-02 4.9e-01
11 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0357 0.0215 5.3e-03 0.007 0.002 -0.001 NA 0.003 1.2e-02 1.4e-01 5.4e-01 NA 7.3e-02
12 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.0869 0.0504 1.5e-03 0.031 0.016 0.009 NA 0.014 3.2e-04 7.3e-03 3.5e-02 NA 1.1e-02

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.7 1.1 6.5 2.5 0.5 -0.1 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.5 -0.9 0.7 1.6 -0.1 -0.2
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.0 2.4 10.1 3.2 -1.4 -2.2 -1.4 -0.2 -1.5 -0.9 0.2 -1.0 1.5 -1.5 -1.1
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 1.1 2.3 4.7 -1.9 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.4 2.0 2.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 0.6 1.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 1.0 1.5 2.8 -1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.1 -0.4 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 1.0 2.9 10.6 -0.9 1.5 2.4 1.5 0.3 2.6 0.9 -3.3 1.2 0.3 1.6 1.3
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.3 0.8 4.6 -2.1 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.7
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.6 3.4 7.6 2.0 -2.2 -2.7 -2.2 -1.2 -2.4 -1.5 1.0 -1.8 0.6 -1.9 -1.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.0 1.3 2.3 -0.2 -1.5 -0.9 -1.5 -1.3 -0.6 -1.3 0.7 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.5 1.1 -0.6 0.3 -0.5 0.3 1.2 0.1 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9 1.0 1.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.6 3.7 -0.3 1.2 1.9 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.1 -0.6 1.3 1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.1 2.4 5.0 -1.8 -1.4 -0.5 -1.5 -2.2 0.6 -0.3 0.1 -1.6 -2.1 -1.6 -2.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.6 1.4 4.2 -1.6 -1.2 -0.0 -1.2 -2.0 0.3 -0.4 0.3 -1.5 -0.5 -1.2 -1.6
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.5 1.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.7 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 -0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 -0.8
Major Depression (MDD) 3.2 3.9 10.3 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.4 3.2 1.8 -0.1 1.8 1.9 1.5 2.5
Reaction Time 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.2
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.9 2.1 9.3 -3.0 1.1 1.7 1.1 0.1 1.6 1.3 -0.5 0.9 -1.6 1.3 0.8
Breast Cancer 0.1 0.2 1.2 -1.1 0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.0 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.3
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.8 1.0
Prostate Cancer 1.1 1.6 3.7 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4 -1.4 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4 -0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -0.2 0.0
Age at First Birth 0.6 0.9 3.4 1.7 0.9 1.9 0.8 0.5 -0.2 0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3 1.4
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.0 1.0 4.0 2.0 -1.0 -1.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 -0.9 -1.2
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.4 -0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.7 0.8 1.9 -0.4 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.0 -0.8 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.4 0.6 2.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 -0.5 -1.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -1.6
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.6 1.8 0.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.9 -1.1 0.4 -0.6 -1.3 -0.5 -1.3 -0.2 -0.5
Fasting Glucose 0.3 0.3 2.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.0 0.9 0.0 0.7
HbA1C 1.4 1.5 4.7 -1.5 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -2.2
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.5 0.4 0.1 1.1 0.5
LDL Cholesterol 0.6 0.9 1.8 -1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0
Lupus 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 -1.1 0.1 0.9 -0.5 0.2
Neuroticism (2016) 0.3 0.5 3.2 -1.8 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.6 0.8 2.0 -0.1 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.3 -1.0 1.0 1.4 0.5 0.5
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.4 0.6 1.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.8 -1.3 -0.3 0.1 0.5 0.9
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.9 1.9 3.6 1.9 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 -0.8 -0.8 -1.6 0.1 -1.4 1.3 -1.8 -0.8
Triglycerides 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 3.4 3.9 9.4 0.3 2.4 3.1 2.3 1.5 2.7 2.1 -1.0 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.9
Ulcerative Colitis 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.7 -1.1 0.7 -0.6 0.3 -0.7 1.1 -0.1 -0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.1 0.6 4.0 0.2 -0.2 -2.0 -0.1 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.8 -0.4 0.4 -0.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.6 7.7 0.7 1.7 0.1 1.8 1.5 0.7 2.8 0.8 2.3 -1.3 2.5 0.9
Blood Red Count 0.3 2.8 6.9 2.2 -1.6 -2.6 -1.5 -0.9 -2.2 -0.6 0.8 -1.3 -0.2 -2.0 -2.1
Blood White Count 0.6 4.4 34.2 1.8 -1.6 -5.8 -1.4 -0.1 -1.8 -0.1 1.2 0.3 0.4 -0.7 -2.5
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.5 8.0 2.8 0.7 1.3 0.6 -0.5 0.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 1.5 -0.7 1.6
BMI 0.5 2.7 9.4 -3.1 -1.9 -2.5 -1.8 -1.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -1.8 -0.9 -1.5
Height 0.2 4.8 18.7 -4.3 -1.9 2.0 -2.0 -2.3 0.1 -1.0 -2.0 -2.8 -2.0 -2.2 -0.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.6 12.2 -3.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 0.4 1.4 -0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -1.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.7 3.4 11.9 3.3 -1.5 -3.4 -1.4 -0.7 -1.0 -1.2 1.8 -0.9 1.2 -1.2 -2.1
Smoking Status 0.6 1.4 3.8 -2.0 1.0 -0.0 1.1 1.7 0.1 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.1 1.2 0.9
Allergy or Eczema 0.4 1.1 2.9 -0.3 -1.0 1.1 -1.0 -0.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 -1.4 -1.2 -1.7 0.6
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 1.9 8.1 -0.4 -1.1 -2.2 -1.1 -0.8 -1.0 1.1 2.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.7 3.4 0.2 0.4 -1.0 0.5 1.0 1.9 -0.6 0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.8 0.2
Respiratory disease 0.4 0.9 4.2 -1.5 0.2 -0.4 0.3 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 1.0 2.0 8.4 -0.9 -1.9 -2.9 -1.8 -0.9 -0.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -1.4 -1.2 -1.2
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.4 5.8 -1.7 0.2 1.4 0.1 -1.2 -0.1 1.0 -2.4 -0.4 -1.7 -0.1 0.7
Lung FVC 0.4 1.8 6.4 -1.0 1.2 2.5 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 -2.3 0.7 -0.4 1.5 1.7
Neuroticism 0.5 1.1 3.7 -1.9 0.5 1.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.1 0.2 1.7 -0.0 1.3
Chronotype (morning person) 1.9 4.4 10.0 0.1 2.8 3.2 2.8 1.8 1.6 0.5 -1.2 2.3 1.1 2.5 2.6
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.6 3.7 1.6 -1.4 -1.9 -1.4 -0.5 0.5 -1.6 1.7 -0.8 0.4 -1.1 -1.3
Tanning 0.1 0.9 4.9 -0.2 0.9 2.2 0.8 0.1 0.8 1.3 -1.2 0.1 -1.0 0.5 -0.1
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.5 1.8 -0.1 0.4 0.7 0.4 -0.2 1.1 1.3 0.5 0.3 -0.8 0.9 0.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.5 0.9 3.7 0.9 -0.5 -1.9 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.9 0.9 -0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -1.3
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 3.0 -1.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.4 0.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.6 0.3 0.4
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.3 0.5 3.3 -1.8 -0.7 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.2 0.4 1.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.4 5.6 -1.3 1.1 2.4 1.0 0.6 2.2 1.1 -0.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.8
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 0.3 0.5 2.4 -1.5 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.0 1.1 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.9 -0.8 0.6
Relative age of first facial hair 0.9 1.8 3.6 -0.5 -0.9 -0.1 -1.0 -1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -1.9 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.6
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.7 0.9 5.0 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 0.0 0.8 0.6 -0.0 -0.8 -2.2 -0.8 -0.9
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.8 1.1 4.1 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.6 -0.4 2.0 0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -1.2 -1.2 -1.5
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.6 1.4 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.5 7.7 1.5 -1.6 -2.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6 0.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.5 -2.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.0 1.1 3.1 -1.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.8 -0.3 -0.3
Angina 1.5 2.0 10.7 -0.7 -1.1 -1.9 -1.0 -0.5 -1.3 0.7 1.3 -0.6 -3.3 -0.7 -1.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.9 2.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -1.1 0.1 -1.5 0.5 -0.8 -1.4 -0.9 -1.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.2 -0.4 1.1 -0.4 0.8 0.7
Supplements: Zinc 1.8 1.9 9.2 -0.1 1.4 3.0 1.3 0.3 1.3 1.2 -1.8 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.4
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -1.4 -1.3 -1.0
Medication: Metformin 1.7 2.4 6.6 -0.3 -1.7 -2.6 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7 -0.7 0.1 -1.0 -2.4 -1.1 -1.8
Diabetes (father) 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.2 -1.0 -0.2 1.1 0.4 -1.1 0.9 0.7
Diabetes (mother) 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.9 0.6 -1.3 -1.0
Severe depression (siblings) 0.8 0.9 5.0 2.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 1.3
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.9 1.4 4.7 0.1 -1.1 -2.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.3 -2.1 -1.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.3 -1.7
Impedance of leg (right) 0.5 2.2 4.7 1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.4 0.1 -1.5 0.6 -2.1 -0.7 -2.2 -1.8
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.8 18.7 -4.3 -1.7 -0.2 -1.6 -2.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1
Trunk fat percentage 3.0 11.9 21.0 -2.1 -4.5 -4.6 -4.4 -3.9 -1.0 -2.1 -1.1 -3.5 -3.9 -3.9 -3.6
Hand grip strength (right) 0.2 0.5 1.9 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.4 -0.4 1.4 0.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.3 -0.9 0.4 1.0 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 1.1 0.7 0.3 -0.8
Current tobacco smoking 1.3 2.1 5.2 -0.6 1.7 -0.1 1.8 2.0 2.0 0.4 -0.5 2.3 1.1 1.7 0.6
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.1 1.2 4.4 0.7 1.4 2.1 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.9 -1.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.7
Maternal smoking around birth 0.6 0.8 3.9 -0.7 -1.0 -1.5 -0.9 0.1 -0.8 -2.0 0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Fed-up feelings 0.7 1.2 4.9 -2.2 1.1 1.8 1.0 0.1 1.4 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.0 0.4
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.0 1.4 3.3 -1.5 1.1 0.4 1.2 1.2 1.8 0.4 -0.1 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.1
Relative age voice broke 0.9 1.4 4.9 1.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 -2.2
Taking other prescription medications 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.3 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.3 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.9
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.6 0.7 2.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.7 -1.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.7 5.1 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.3 1.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 2.2 -0.3 0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.6 0.6 2.9 -0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 1.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.7 -1.3 -1.3
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 1.7 -1.3 0.5 1.1 0.5 -0.5 0.2 -0.9 -1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.4 1.7 8.2 2.9 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.3 2.0 1.7 -0.4 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.6
High blood pressure 0.8 2.1 3.8 -0.7 -1.9 -2.0 -1.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 1.1 -1.4 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.4 0.8 3.0 0.4 -0.0 1.7 -0.1 0.2 1.1 1.3 0.8 -0.9 -0.4 -1.3 0.7
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.8 1.0 2.2 -0.5 -1.5 -0.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.4 0.3 -1.5 -0.1 -1.3 -0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.7 2.9 1.0 -0.3 -1.4 -0.3 0.6 -1.0 0.0 1.7 -0.2 1.0 -0.3 -0.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.0 1.3 4.2 -0.7 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.1 2.0 -1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.4
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 -0.3 1.3 -0.4 0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.8 1.0 3.3 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.4 -1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -1.8 -1.2 -1.6
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.3 0.6 3.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 0.7 -1.8 -0.6 0.3 -1.2 0.4 -0.5
Sitting height 0.2 1.5 6.5 -2.5 -0.2 2.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 2.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 2.1 2.5 4.7 0.6 -1.8 -2.2 -1.8 -1.7 -1.1 -0.4 1.1 -1.9 -1.0 -1.9 -2.2
High blood pressure (mother) 1.7 2.4 5.2 1.5 -1.7 -1.0 -1.7 -1.8 -1.0 -0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -1.2 -2.3 -1.8
Body mass index (BMI) 1.0 4.3 10.4 -2.5 -2.6 -3.2 -2.5 -2.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -2.4 -1.4 -2.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.6 3.0 5.9 1.6 -2.0 -1.9 -2.1 -1.4 -0.2 -1.9 0.4 -2.4 -1.0 -2.4 -1.8
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.5 2.7 18.0 -4.2 -1.6 -0.1 -1.6 -2.0 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1
Trunk fat mass 2.6 11.1 18.9 -3.0 -4.3 -3.9 -4.3 -4.0 -0.9 -1.9 -1.1 -3.4 -3.9 -3.6 -3.2
Waist circumference 2.1 7.9 18.8 -4.3 -3.5 -3.1 -3.4 -3.3 -1.0 -1.2 -0.4 -2.4 -3.0 -2.5 -2.8
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.3 0.4 2.5 -0.4 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 1.6 1.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.0 -0.1
Past tobacco smoking 0.5 1.0 5.9 2.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.7 0.9 -1.1 -1.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.4 0.6 2.0 0.1 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 -1.2 0.0 1.0 -0.1 -1.0 -1.4 -0.6 -0.6
Nervous feelings 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.8 0.9 -0.9 -0.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.9 5.5 -0.4 1.5 2.4 1.4 1.4 2.0 0.7 -0.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.4 0.6 3.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.6 0.5 -1.3 0.2 -1.8 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 -1.0 0.2 0.1
Had menopause 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9
Had other major operations 1.0 1.2 3.9 -1.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.9 1.2 0.3 -2.0 -1.0 -1.3 -1.5 -1.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.8 3.0 14.5 -2.7 1.1 3.8 1.0 0.0 1.2 1.3 -1.7 0.2 -0.3 0.9 2.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.8 4.6 1.3 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 0.9 0.3 0.7 -0.8 2.1 -0.8 0.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.2 1.5 5.7 0.6 0.4 1.8 0.3 -0.3 1.2 1.2 -2.4 -0.3 1.3 -0.3 1.7
Qualifications: None of the above 1.7 3.7 7.1 -0.7 -1.8 -2.1 -1.8 -1.1 -2.2 -1.2 1.5 -1.8 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.7 3.3 -1.8 0.6 -0.3 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.6 -0.2 0.9 0.5 0.5 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.4 0.7 2.4 0.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.5 -1.3 -0.9 0.4 -0.1 0.6
Heart attack 0.6 0.8 3.5 0.4 -0.4 -1.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.5 1.2 -0.1 0.4 -1.1 -1.5
Allergy 0.2 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.5 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -1.2 -0.9 0.8 0.4 1.1 -0.3
Pain all over the body in last month 0.8 0.9 3.7 1.9 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.2 -1.5 0.2 1.9 0.1 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.9 2.9 7.1 -0.9 -2.1 -2.7 -2.0 -1.4 -1.6 -1.1 0.8 -1.1 -2.6 -1.5 -1.2
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.2 0.1 1.1 -0.0 -0.9 1.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.9 -1.4 -0.1
Medication: Ramipril 1.2 1.6 6.9 -0.2 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.3 -1.8 0.5 2.6 -0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -1.5
Medication: Simvastatin 0.5 0.7 2.6 0.6 0.0 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 -1.6 -0.5 0.7 0.6 -1.2 0.3 -0.8
Fluid intelligence score 1.2 2.4 4.4 -0.8 1.8 2.1 1.8 0.7 2.0 1.3 -1.4 1.6 0.0 2.1 1.5
Illnesses of siblings 2.1 2.9 5.5 2.3 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.5 0.8 1.7 -1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3 1.7
Neuroticism score 0.3 0.6 2.9 -1.7 0.1 1.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.3 1.2 -0.4 0.8
Weight 1.5 7.1 16.7 -4.1 -3.4 -2.3 -3.3 -3.4 -0.9 -1.2 -1.2 -2.5 -3.1 -2.3 -2.1
Impedance of arm (right) 0.3 1.5 6.5 2.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9 1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -1.5 0.5 -2.0 -0.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.8 7.2 16.1 -2.1 -3.4 -4.0 -3.4 -3.0 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -2.3 -2.9 -2.7 -2.9
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 2.7 18.4 -4.3 -1.5 0.6 -1.5 -1.8 -0.2 -0.4 -1.1 -1.2 -1.6 -0.4 0.1
Hip circumference 1.6 6.8 12.4 -3.1 -3.4 -2.4 -3.3 -3.5 -1.1 -1.6 -1.3 -2.5 -3.1 -2.2 -2.2
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.6 1.5 -1.1 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 1.2 0.9 1.0 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 -0.3
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.6 0.8 2.9 0.2 -1.0 -1.7 -0.9 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.7 -1.2
Father’s age at death 2.4 3.2 8.4 -1.5 -1.9 -0.2 -2.0 -2.6 -1.2 -1.1 -0.2 -2.9 -0.7 -2.3 -2.0
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.3 0.6 2.2 0.0 0.5 1.5 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.3 1.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.4 0.7 3.8 -2.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.7 0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.5 -1.4 -0.2 -0.5
Falls in the last year 0.7 0.9 2.4 0.7 0.7 -0.3 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.3 1.6 -0.2 1.4 1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.2 3.2 5.9 0.2 2.2 1.1 2.2 2.4 1.5 0.8 1.6 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.4
Number of live births 0.9 1.3 3.3 1.0 -1.1 -1.7 -1.0 -0.6 -1.8 -1.8 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -1.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.8 2.5 11.0 -2.4 0.7 3.3 0.6 -0.6 1.0 1.3 -2.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.8 2.1
Pulse rate 2.8 4.8 8.4 1.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.4 -1.0 2.1 2.9 2.0 2.1
Happiness 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.3 -0.3 0.6 0.2 -1.2 -0.0 0.5 -0.4 0.9
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.1 -0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 1.6 3.6 12.1 0.5 2.0 3.5 2.0 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.3 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.8
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.1 1.2 6.7 -2.6 -0.6 0.9 -0.7 -1.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -1.3 0.3 -1.2 -1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.3 0.5 3.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.5 -0.5 -1.8
Asthma 0.3 0.6 3.9 -2.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.0
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.6 0.7 2.9 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 1.1 1.7 -1.0 -1.3 -0.5 -0.2
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.5 0.8 3.3 0.2 -0.3 -1.8 -0.2 0.1 -1.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.8
Depression (self-reported) 1.5 1.8 4.5 0.3 -2.1 -1.3 -2.1 -1.4 -0.3 -1.3 -0.1 -1.6 -0.7 -1.4 -1.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.7 0.8 4.0 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.1 -0.2 -2.0 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.4
Prospective memory result 0.4 0.4 1.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.0 0.5 -0.3 1.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.8
Lung cancer (father) 1.1 1.3 3.0 0.9 -0.6 -1.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 1.7 -0.8 -1.7 -1.4 -1.5
Illnesses of mother 2.5 3.1 7.5 -1.2 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.0 -0.5 -0.6 2.2 0.9 2.7 2.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.2 3.8 13.0 -2.1 1.4 3.6 1.3 -0.2 2.0 1.7 -2.8 0.5 0.5 1.4 2.8
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 2.5 2.9 7.7 -0.4 -2.2 -2.6 -2.2 -1.2 -0.7 -1.9 2.8 -1.3 -0.6 -1.4 -1.1
Impedance of arm (left) 0.3 1.5 4.1 1.6 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1 -1.4 0.4 -1.6 -0.7 -1.9 -0.2 -2.0 -0.4
Arm fat mass (right) 1.6 6.6 10.8 -3.3 -3.3 -3.2 -3.2 -3.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.2 -2.2 -2.9 -2.2 -2.5
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 2.7 18.3 -4.3 -1.5 0.6 -1.5 -1.9 -0.2 -0.5 -1.2 -1.2 -1.7 -0.4 0.1
Standing height 0.4 4.1 14.0 -3.7 -1.9 1.6 -2.0 -2.5 0.7 -1.6 -1.4 -2.7 -1.5 -1.9 0.5
Length of working week for main job 1.0 1.1 6.7 -2.6 0.8 1.0 0.7 -0.5 1.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.4
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.7 0.8 4.6 0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -2.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.9
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.5 2.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.0 1.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.7 1.1 5.3 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.2 0.7 0.1 1.4 1.1 0.9 1.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 1.5 0.0 -0.9 0.7 -1.7 -0.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.3 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.1 0.8 0.2 -0.0 0.7 -0.7 -0.5
Birth weight of first child 1.4 2.6 11.4 -0.6 -1.8 -0.6 -1.8 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.9 -3.4 -1.9 -1.1
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.3 0.6 2.3 -1.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 -1.1 -0.7 0.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 0.4 0.7
Pulse wave reflection index 4.5 5.6 8.0 -0.8 -2.8 -2.7 -2.8 -2.3 -1.7 -2.5 1.8 -2.5 -2.3 -2.8 -2.5
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 0.3 -1.1 0.8 -1.0 0.3
Loud music exposure frequency 2.0 2.2 4.6 0.7 -1.9 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -0.5 -1.2 -0.6 -1.9 0.5 -2.1 -1.7
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.9 1.4 3.8 -0.2 0.9 1.4 0.9 0.6 2.0 1.0 -0.3 0.9 0.4 1.6 2.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.8 1.0 4.9 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.5 -0.3 2.2 1.9 0.6 -0.1 1.0 -0.1
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.3 0.4 1.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 1.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 0.6 0.9 3.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 0.3 1.2 1.7 -1.1 0.7 -1.7 -1.0
Headache pain in last month 0.6 1.0 5.4 1.6 0.2 -1.0 0.2 0.7 -0.1 -1.2 0.6 0.5 2.3 0.2 0.8
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 1.1 1.9 6.1 -0.6 1.4 2.5 1.3 0.6 2.3 0.2 -1.0 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.6
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.2 1.4 3.0 0.3 -1.7 -0.4 -1.7 -1.6 0.3 -1.4 -1.0 -1.7 -0.6 -1.3 -0.2
Gout (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 2.0 -0.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.8 -0.6 1.4 0.9 0.9 -1.3 1.0 0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 2.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.2 1.7 -0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.9 0.3 -0.2
Medication: Amlodipine 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.5 -1.1 -1.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.1 -0.6 -1.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -1.3 1.0 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0
Birth weight 0.5 1.0 6.3 -2.5 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.0 -0.9 0.0 0.9 0.9 -0.8 0.9 0.5 0.9 -0.1 -0.7
High blood pressure (siblings) 3.5 5.0 9.5 -1.2 -2.9 -2.6 -2.9 -2.7 -1.5 -1.5 0.5 -2.6 -1.8 -3.1 -2.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.1 3.9 14.8 -2.4 1.5 3.9 1.4 0.1 2.1 1.7 -2.3 0.5 0.2 1.3 2.7
Body fat percentage 3.0 11.7 22.5 -2.1 -4.5 -4.7 -4.4 -3.9 -1.1 -2.0 -0.9 -3.3 -3.8 -3.7 -3.8
Leg fat percentage (right) 3.1 11.3 21.0 -2.4 -4.2 -4.6 -4.2 -3.9 -1.4 -1.5 -0.3 -3.3 -3.6 -3.7 -4.1
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.7 3.8 19.4 -4.4 -2.2 -0.5 -2.1 -2.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -1.6 -2.3 -0.7 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 2.6 3.5 5.9 -1.1 -2.3 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 -1.6 -1.4 0.4 -2.0 -0.1 -2.3 -2.1
Comparative body size at age 10 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2
Number of full brothers 0.3 0.4 1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.7
Worry too long after embarrassment 2.0 3.3 6.6 -2.0 -2.6 -2.2 -2.6 -2.0 -1.5 -1.9 1.1 -2.2 -0.4 -1.3 -0.7
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.7 2.7 -0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.3 -1.4 -1.6
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.6 1.0 3.2 -1.2 -0.6 -1.3 -0.6 -0.2 1.5 0.2 0.4 -0.4 1.1 -0.9 -1.8
Number of children fathered 0.8 0.9 1.8 -0.7 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.2 0.8 -0.4 1.3 0.6 0.9 0.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.1 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.1 1.4 1.0 0.4 -0.3 0.3 0.6
Age at first live birth 0.7 1.2 4.4 1.7 0.5 2.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.9 -1.3 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.4
Pulse wave peak to peak time 2.6 3.1 8.2 0.1 2.3 2.9 2.2 1.1 0.9 2.1 -2.7 1.2 0.5 1.4 1.4
Health satisfaction 0.6 0.8 2.6 -0.0 0.9 -0.2 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.6 -0.4 1.3 -0.0 0.7 0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.8 1.0 4.7 -0.5 -1.3 -2.2 -1.2 -0.0 -0.0 0.7 0.0 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -1.2
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.3 1.1 5.1 0.6 0.1 2.3 0.1 0.0 0.8 -1.0 -2.0 -0.1 0.2 0.3 1.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 3.8 4.4 12.0 3.2 1.9 0.1 2.0 2.9 1.2 1.4 1.6 2.2 3.5 1.4 1.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.1 1.3 3.2 -0.6 1.0 0.0 1.1 1.7 -1.6 0.4 1.2 1.8 0.3 1.6 0.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.8 0.9 3.8 -0.2 -0.1 -1.9 0.0 1.4 -0.0 1.3 -1.2 0.9 -1.0 0.2 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.8 1.4 5.7 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.2 1.2 -1.0 -2.4 1.0 0.8 1.8 1.3
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.8 -1.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.2
Medication: Blood pressure 1.9 3.3 6.4 1.1 -2.2 -2.5 -2.2 -1.3 -2.5 -1.2 0.6 -1.7 -1.3 -2.1 -2.0
Angina (self-reported) 1.3 1.8 10.2 -0.9 -0.7 -1.5 -0.7 -0.3 -1.3 0.8 1.4 -0.3 -3.2 -0.4 -1.5
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.9 1.7 0.3 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 1.0 -0.8 -0.5 0.3 1.5 1.1 1.0
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.6 0.7 4.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.2 1.0 2.1 -0.6 -1.0 -0.1 0.3
Medication: Allopurinol 0.5 0.7 3.2 -0.1 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 1.8 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.3
Medication: Omeprazole 1.2 1.4 2.3 0.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.5 -0.9 -1.4 -1.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.1 -1.3 -1.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.8 0.9 2.1 -0.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.2 -0.8 -0.1 1.3 0.8 -1.4 -0.2 -1.2 -0.6
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.4 1.5 0.0 -0.7 -1.2 -0.6 0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.5 0.6 1.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 1.0 1.2 -1.2 -0.4 1.0 -1.2 -0.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.6 0.8 2.6 0.9 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 -1.6 0.7 0.4 -1.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.3
Whole body fat mass 2.5 10.4 18.0 -3.1 -4.2 -4.0 -4.2 -3.9 -1.1 -1.9 -0.8 -3.2 -3.6 -3.3 -3.1
Leg fat mass (right) 2.4 9.3 15.4 -3.5 -3.9 -3.7 -3.9 -3.8 -1.1 -1.6 -0.4 -2.9 -3.2 -3.0 -3.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.8 3.8 19.0 -4.4 -2.2 -0.5 -2.2 -2.3 -1.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.6 -2.2 -0.8 -0.7
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.4 1.4 2.3 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.9 -1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.6 1.3 6.8 1.7 -1.1 -2.6 -1.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.8 -1.6
Comparative height size at age 10 0.4 2.0 12.0 -3.5 -1.2 1.3 -1.2 -1.4 1.0 -1.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.4 1.0
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 7.4 -2.5 -1.2 -0.8 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -2.7 -0.1 -0.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.4 2.1 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.1 -1.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.6
Overall health rating 1.2 2.5 14.1 -0.9 -1.9 -3.8 -1.8 -0.0 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -1.5 -2.4
Chest pain or discomfort 0.9 1.4 9.7 -0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.7 3.1 0.3 0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.7
Had major operations 0.6 0.7 2.2 -0.0 -0.0 1.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 1.0 -1.4 -1.0 -0.1 -1.5 -0.7
Age at last live birth 1.5 2.2 7.7 2.8 0.7 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.4 -0.7 -1.6 1.1 1.0 2.0 2.3
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.5 2.5 -0.7 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.3 0.2 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.5
Leg pain on walking 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.1 -1.4 -1.1
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.3 0.4 1.3 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.6 1.1 0.5 -1.1 0.8 0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.0 -0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.0 0.5
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.0 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 1.1 1.4
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 0.9 2.5 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.8 1.4 -0.1 1.5 1.4 1.0 -1.6 0.2 -0.5
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.4 0.5 2.7 -0.8 0.0 0.8 -0.0 -0.5 -0.6 0.8 1.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.3 2.1 5.6 -0.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.7 -1.3 -0.6 0.2 1.0 -2.0 -0.6 -2.4 -1.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.9 2.6 4.5 -0.9 -1.9 -2.1 -1.9 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6 1.6 -1.5 -1.9 -1.7 -2.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.3 1.6 4.2 1.7 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.5 1.4 1.2 -2.1 0.8 1.6 0.3 1.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.5 0.7 1.8 0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 0.6 1.3 -1.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.8 0.7 -0.5 0.7 0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.4 -0.1
Smoking status: Previous 0.8 1.2 4.4 -2.1 -1.0 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3 -1.9 0.1 1.3 -0.5 -1.2 -0.5 0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.2 0.5 1.6 -0.5 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.8 -0.4 0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 0.5 3.0 19.7 -4.4 -1.7 0.1 -1.7 -2.1 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.7 -0.6 -0.1
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.6 16.9 -4.1 -1.6 -0.1 -1.6 -1.9 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -0.4 0.2
Arm fat percentage (left) 2.0 8.1 16.1 -2.2 -3.7 -4.0 -3.6 -3.4 -1.6 -1.5 -1.0 -2.5 -3.2 -2.7 -2.9
Average weekly red wine intake 1.3 2.0 7.6 -1.4 1.0 2.1 1.0 0.5 0.1 2.0 1.3 0.5 -2.8 0.7 0.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.6 0.8 2.6 -0.4 0.9 0.3 0.9 1.6 0.3 1.5 0.5 1.2 -0.1 0.6 0.7
Mood swings 0.4 0.8 3.6 -0.1 0.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.0 1.9 1.1 -0.6 -0.6 1.4 -1.0 0.3
Loneliness, isolation 0.2 0.3 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 1.5 -0.1 0.6
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 5.1 7.7 14.4 -1.7 -3.8 -3.4 -3.7 -2.4 -0.1 -1.4 -0.6 -3.1 -3.3 -3.5 -3.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.5 0.6 4.4 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.0 2.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.5
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 2.8 4.6 12.6 -0.2 -2.9 -3.6 -2.8 -1.9 -1.9 -1.6 0.3 -1.7 -2.6 -2.0 -1.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.6 0.6 3.0 0.5 -0.7 -1.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.9
Friendships satisfaction 3.8 4.7 8.9 -0.1 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.4 -0.1 2.3 1.0 2.3 3.0
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.5 0.8 3.3 -0.3 0.1 1.8 0.0 -0.6 0.7 -1.1 -1.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.5 1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.7 2.3 1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -1.5 -1.3 -0.7 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.1
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.6 1.8 5.4 -1.6 -1.3 0.0 -1.4 -2.3 -1.2 -0.5 -0.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.2 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.4 0.7 3.6 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.4 1.1 1.5 0.1 -1.9 -0.4 -0.1
Medication for cholesterol 0.3 0.4 2.5 -0.3 -0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -1.6 0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.9 -0.2 0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.5 -1.0 0.1 -0.8 -0.4
Back pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.7 4.8 -2.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 0.5 0.2 1.7 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.0
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.5 2.0 5.1 1.1 1.5 0.3 1.5 1.3 1.9 1.1 -1.2 1.6 2.3 1.0 1.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 1.1 1.3 2.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1 -1.5 -0.8 0.5 -1.1 -1.3 -0.9 -0.7
Asthma (self-reported) 0.3 0.7 5.1 -2.2 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 0.7 -0.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.0
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.7 2.1 5.7 0.4 -1.8 -2.4 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -0.9 -0.5 -1.3 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 2.5 -0.7 -1.5 -0.5 -1.5 -1.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.4 -0.6 -1.6 -1.5
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.8 1.3 -0.1 1.5 1.0 1.0 -1.3 0.4 -0.5
Medication: Gliclazide 3.2 3.6 6.4 -1.1 -2.4 -2.1 -2.3 -2.0 -2.1 -2.5 -1.8 -1.7 -0.9 -1.6 -1.3
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.0 1.3 5.1 0.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.2 -0.7 -2.3 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.8
Smoking status: Current 1.4 2.3 5.0 -0.3 1.8 0.2 1.9 2.2 2.0 0.9 -0.5 2.2 1.4 1.7 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.2 4.6 10.2 -0.3 2.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.6 -2.9 1.9 1.4 2.7 3.2
Whole body water mass 0.5 3.1 20.0 -4.5 -1.8 0.0 -1.8 -2.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.1 -1.3 -1.8 -0.5 -0.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.7 17.6 -4.2 -1.7 -0.2 -1.7 -1.9 -0.3 -0.7 -1.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.4 0.1
Arm fat mass (left) 1.7 7.0 11.4 -3.3 -3.4 -3.3 -3.3 -3.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -2.3 -3.0 -2.3 -2.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 2.6 4.5 7.6 -0.7 -2.7 -2.3 -2.8 -1.9 -1.2 0.3 0.5 -2.7 -2.6 -2.8 -2.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 1.9 2.6 4.6 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.6 -0.8 2.1 -0.2 1.2 2.1 1.7 1.6
Miserableness 0.5 0.9 7.2 -2.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.0 1.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 1.0
Guilty feelings 2.8 4.1 9.0 -1.7 -2.3 -1.1 -2.4 -2.4 -1.3 -0.6 2.1 -2.9 -0.8 -3.0 -2.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.8 0.9 3.8 0.6 1.1 1.9 1.1 0.6 -0.7 0.1 -1.5 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.5 0.6 2.2 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.7
Hearing aid user 3.8 4.3 10.4 0.4 -2.4 -1.2 -2.5 -2.2 -0.8 -1.9 -1.5 -2.6 -3.2 -2.5 -1.7
Mother’s age at death 0.8 1.0 3.0 -1.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -1.6 -0.2 1.7 -0.5 -1.6 -0.5 0.2
Financial situation satisfaction 0.3 0.4 2.5 -1.6 0.2 -0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.6 0.7 2.7 -0.1 -0.7 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -1.6 -0.8 -0.2 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 -0.3 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 1.8 2.1 4.4 0.0 -2.1 -0.8 -2.1 -1.9 0.1 -1.9 -1.3 -1.9 -0.7 -1.6 -0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.8 2.1 0.2 1.0 0.1 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.1 0.2 1.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.9 1.2 4.2 -1.5 -0.4 -1.7 -0.4 0.1 0.4 1.4 2.1 -0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.6 0.7 1.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -1.2 0.1 0.7 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.8
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.4 0.8 3.1 1.8 0.8 -0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.7 0.6 -0.3 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.2
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.3 0.5 1.9 1.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.9
Medication: Paracetamol 0.5 0.8 5.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.9 2.3 -0.6 0.8 -1.3 -0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.2 -0.9 -1.3 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.2 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.8 0.9 3.8 1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -2.0 -1.1
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.3 1.3 -1.2 -0.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.2
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.8 3.3 24.2 4.9 -1.0 -2.2 -0.9 -0.5 -0.6 -1.4 -2.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.5
Ever smoked 1.0 1.7 9.0 -3.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.1 0.9 0.7 1.4 0.5 1.3 1.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.7 3.8 20.5 -4.5 -2.2 -0.5 -2.2 -2.4 -0.4 -0.8 -1.1 -1.6 -2.1 -0.9 -0.5
Leg fat percentage (left) 3.6 12.9 24.1 -2.6 -4.6 -4.9 -4.6 -4.0 -1.8 -1.9 -0.3 -3.5 -4.0 -3.9 -4.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.1 15.1 -3.9 -2.0 -0.3 -1.9 -2.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -2.2 -0.7 -0.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.5 2.3 6.4 -0.3 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 -1.2 1.2 0.9 -2.2 -1.5 -1.7 -2.5 -2.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.9 1.3 4.3 -2.1 -1.0 -1.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.1 -1.2 1.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.9 -1.6
Irritability 0.3 0.5 2.3 -0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.1 1.5 -0.1 0.7
Risk taking 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.8 0.8 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.6
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.9 2.1 4.9 -0.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.1 0.9 2.2 0.2 1.5 0.0 1.1 1.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.2 0.3 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.8 -0.1 -1.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.9 1.1 6.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.9 -2.5 -1.3 -1.2
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.3 2.6 -0.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -0.7 -1.6 -0.8 -1.0 0.7 -0.8 -1.1
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.6 0.8 2.5 1.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 1.3 -0.5 -0.8 1.4 -1.0 0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.4 1.9 9.9 1.3 -1.4 -3.1 -1.3 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -1.4 -2.0
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.4 0.5 2.7 -1.3 0.5 1.6 0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.7 -0.0 0.0
Myopia 1.2 1.7 6.6 1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 -0.6 -2.6 -2.2 -2.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.3 -0.2
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 1.0 2.6 5.9 0.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.3 1.1 0.8 -1.5 1.4 1.8 1.8 2.4
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.5 2.1 0.3 -0.6 -1.5 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -1.2 0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.3 2.8 5.2 1.2 -2.3 -2.1 -2.2 -1.1 -1.9 -1.4 -0.2 -1.5 -0.8 -2.0 -1.9
Pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.3 5.2 0.8 0.9 1.6 0.9 0.7 0.0 1.0 -2.3 0.8 -1.3 1.1 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.9 1.0 2.1 1.4 0.8 -0.8 0.8 1.4 -0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.4 1.2 1.0
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.9 1.0 2.7 0.9 1.2 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.6 -0.7 1.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.9 0.3 -0.4 -1.7 -0.4 -0.0 -0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.2 0.3 -1.0 -1.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 0.9 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8
Heart disease (siblings) 1.7 2.1 7.2 -2.4 -1.2 -2.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -1.8 1.1 0.1 -2.0 -0.5 -1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.3 0.3 2.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.2
Pack years of smoking 0.8 1.2 4.8 0.0 -1.0 -2.2 -0.9 -0.4 -0.2 -1.9 -1.2 -0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -1.6
Impedance of whole body 0.4 1.9 4.8 2.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.3 -1.3 0.3 -1.7 -0.2 -2.1 -0.3 -2.2 -1.0
Leg fat mass (left) 2.6 10.1 17.1 -3.7 -4.1 -4.0 -4.1 -3.8 -1.4 -1.8 -0.4 -3.0 -3.5 -3.0 -3.0
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.3 16.1 -4.0 -2.1 -0.6 -2.0 -2.1 -0.5 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5 -2.1 -0.9 -0.8