Hub : Genes

PCMT1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Artery Tibial 0.0829 0.0310 3.3e-05 0.069 NA 0.028 NA 0.058 4.0e-06 NA 2.8e-03 NA 2.5e-05
2 GTEx Esophagus Gastroesophageal Junction 0.0850 0.0420 8.3e-03 0.062 NA 0.003 NA 0.059 2.8e-03 NA 2.3e-01 NA 3.6e-03
3 GTEx Esophagus Muscularis 0.0800 0.0340 5.7e-04 0.037 NA 0.008 NA 0.039 2.7e-03 NA 1.0e-01 NA 2.0e-03
4 GTEx Heart Atrial Appendage 0.0880 0.0400 2.4e-03 0.055 NA 0.044 NA 0.018 1.8e-03 NA 4.6e-03 NA 5.0e-02
5 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.1060 0.0407 2.2e-06 0.067 NA 0.052 NA 0.055 3.6e-07 NA 6.9e-06 NA 4.3e-06
6 GTEx Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg 0.0650 0.0290 7.6e-04 0.016 NA -0.001 NA 0.008 1.7e-02 NA 4.0e-01 NA 6.5e-02
7 GTEx Testis 0.1290 0.0430 8.4e-06 0.137 NA 0.083 NA 0.112 1.2e-06 NA 1.5e-04 NA 1.2e-05
8 METSIM Adipose 0.0506 0.0168 1.2e-08 0.059 0.047 0.046 0.047 0.057 3.4e-09 1.3e-07 1.6e-07 1.3e-07 5.9e-09
9 YFS Blood 0.0144 0.0069 5.5e-04 0.013 0.006 0.013 0.007 0.015 3.3e-05 3.2e-03 3.5e-05 2.0e-03 5.9e-06

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.0 1.6 4.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 1.3 -0.7 -1.1 1.0 2.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 1.5 3.7 4.7 -2.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 1.9 -1.4 -1.9 2.0 2.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.5 1.0 1.6 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 -1.3 -1.0 1.1 1.1
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0 -0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 2.2 5.1 6.9 -2.1 -2.2 -2.2 -2.1 2.1 -2.2 -2.2 2.6 2.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 1.0 2.1 3.0 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 1.4 -1.2 -1.5 1.7 1.2
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.1 -1.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.6
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.2 3.8 -1.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 1.3 -1.1 -1.3 2.0 1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.6 1.9 2.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.6 -1.4 0.7 1.3 -1.6 -1.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.1 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.7 -1.1
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 1.9 2.8 3.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 2.0 -1.7 1.3 1.7 -1.8 -1.8
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.9 2.0 3.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 1.2 -1.7 -1.5 1.3 1.8
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.3 0.6 1.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 0.6 -0.4 -0.7 0.8 1.1
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.6
Major Depression (MDD) 2.5 3.0 4.0 -1.7 -1.7 -2.0 -1.6 1.5 -1.6 -1.8 1.9 1.8
Reaction Time 1.1 2.2 5.5 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 -0.7 1.4 -0.4 -1.2 1.5 2.3
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 1.0 2.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.5 1.1 -0.7 -1.0 0.9 1.1
Breast Cancer 0.4 0.9 3.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.5 -1.0 -1.7
Ovarian Cancer 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.4 0.6
Prostate Cancer 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Age at First Birth 1.8 2.7 3.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.8 -1.7 1.7 -1.8 -1.9 1.6 0.9
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.0 0.4
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.1 1.5 2.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.5 -1.2 1.4 1.4 -1.2 -0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.5 0.5 1.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 0.7 -1.2 -0.9 0.5 0.0
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.5 0.7 1.9 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 0.5 -1.4 -0.9 0.7 0.8
Mean Putamen Volume 3.9 4.5 5.3 -2.3 -2.3 -2.2 -2.0 2.2 -1.9 -2.2 2.2 1.9
Fasting Glucose 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 -0.8 1.3 1.1 -1.2 -0.3
HbA1C 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.0 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.8
HDL Cholesterol 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.4 0.4
LDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 -1.1 0.9 1.1 -1.3 -0.9
Lupus 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 -0.6 0.7 0.8 -0.9 -0.7
Neuroticism (2016) 0.6 0.8 1.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.4 1.1 -0.4 -0.9 0.9 1.2
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.6
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.5 2.6 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.8 -1.2 0.8 1.1 -1.4 -1.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 2.6 5.8 7.1 -2.6 -2.7 -2.6 -2.2 2.5 -2.0 -2.6 2.4 2.0
Triglycerides 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.3 1.5 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.8 1.3 -1.2 -1.4
Ulcerative Colitis 1.2 1.8 2.5 -1.3 -1.6 -1.5 -1.2 1.2 -0.8 -1.3 1.6 1.3
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.8 6.2 8.5 -2.5 -2.4 -2.7 -2.6 2.3 -2.2 -2.3 2.9 2.4
Blood Platelet Count 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.1
Blood Red Count 1.5 14.0 17.3 4.0 3.9 4.2 3.2 -4.0 2.7 3.6 -3.9 -3.9
Blood White Count 0.1 0.7 2.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.4 1.1 1.5
Heel T-Score 1.0 8.2 9.9 -3.0 -3.1 -2.9 -2.2 3.0 -2.3 -2.9 3.0 3.0
BMI 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.1 0.1
Height 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.1
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.8 3.5 4.8 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.5 -2.1 0.8 1.8 -1.9 -2.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.2 0.9 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.6 -1.2 -1.4
Smoking Status 0.3 0.6 1.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 0.7 -1.3 -0.8 0.5 0.2
Allergy or Eczema 3.4 8.9 10.2 -3.1 -3.2 -3.1 -2.5 3.0 -3.1 -3.2 3.0 2.6
Cardiovascular Disease 0.5 1.7 5.3 -1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.6 1.1 -2.3 -1.4 1.0 0.9
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.6 -1.2 0.2 0.8 -1.0 -1.1
Respiratory disease 1.0 2.1 3.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.2 1.3 -1.9 -1.5 1.4 1.4
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.8 1.5 2.6 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.8 -1.4 0.6 1.0 -1.3 -1.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.3 1.3 2.4 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -0.9 1.2 -0.1 -0.9 1.1 1.5
Lung FVC 2.4 12.1 14.1 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.3 -3.4 2.8 3.4 -3.8 -3.4
Neuroticism 1.2 2.9 4.4 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.6 1.6 -1.5 -1.6 2.1 1.9
Chronotype (morning person) 2.5 5.8 6.8 -2.5 -2.6 -2.6 -2.3 2.5 -1.9 -2.4 2.5 2.4
Hair Pigment 0.0 1.2 1.6 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.6 1.3 -1.1 -1.3 0.9 1.1
Tanning 0.5 5.5 6.6 -2.6 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 2.5 -2.2 -2.5 2.2 2.2
Hand grip strength (left) 7.6 20.0 23.0 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.2 -4.6 4.7 4.8 -4.3 -3.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.4 0.7 1.7 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.3 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -1.2 -0.6
Average weekly spirits intake 1.2 1.4 2.6 -1.1 -1.2 -1.4 -1.1 0.8 -1.6 -1.2 1.6 0.5
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 8.1 13.8 17.5 -3.5 -3.6 -3.5 -3.9 3.4 -4.2 -3.9 4.0 3.4
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.3 0.4 0.9 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.0 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 0.9
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 3.2 4.8 6.3 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 -2.1 2.5 2.4 -2.3 -2.1
Relative age of first facial hair 1.8 3.8 4.8 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.9 -2.0 1.3 1.9 -2.0 -2.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 3.1 4.0 4.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.6 -2.1 2.2 2.1 -1.8 -2.0
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.7 0.9 2.1 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.3 -0.6 1.5 1.2 -0.8 -0.6
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 -1.0 0.1 0.8 -0.6 -1.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.9 2.6 4.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.0 -1.6 0.7 1.4 -1.8 -2.1
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.3
Angina 1.6 2.1 2.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 -1.6 1.5 1.6 -1.5 -0.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 2.8 3.1 3.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 -1.7 1.8 1.9 -1.8 -1.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.1
Supplements: Zinc 1.6 1.8 2.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 1.5 -1.1 -1.4 1.1 1.3
Medication: Co-codamol 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.4
Medication: Metformin 0.0 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.7
Diabetes (father) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.1
Diabetes (mother) 0.8 1.1 2.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -1.3 -1.6
Severe depression (siblings) 2.2 2.5 6.0 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.9 1.1 -2.4 -1.8 1.5 1.2
Pack years adult smoking proportion 3.4 5.3 6.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.3 -2.3 2.0 2.2 -2.3 -2.2
Impedance of leg (right) 1.2 6.0 7.9 -2.3 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 2.4 -2.8 -2.5 2.5 2.3
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.2 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Trunk fat percentage 0.4 1.4 3.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.9 1.1 -1.8 -1.3 1.5 0.7
Hand grip strength (right) 7.6 20.5 22.8 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 -4.5 4.8 4.8 -4.4 -4.0
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 7.5 10.6 14.0 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.1 -3.5 2.3 3.1 -3.7 -3.1
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 -0.8 0.2 0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.3 -0.2 0.4
Maternal smoking around birth 1.6 2.3 5.6 -1.2 -1.3 -1.3 -1.7 1.4 -2.4 -1.7 1.4 1.0
Fed-up feelings 1.1 2.1 3.5 -1.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.1 1.5 -1.9 -1.7 1.3 1.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.3 -1.1 1.0 1.1 -0.9 -0.5
Relative age voice broke 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.1 -1.0
Taking other prescription medications 1.0 1.5 2.2 -1.2 -1.3 -1.1 -1.1 1.0 -1.5 -1.3 1.1 1.4
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.9 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 0.8 0.7
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 -0.8 1.1 0.9 -0.7 -0.5
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.4 0.5 2.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.5
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.4 1.7 3.9 1.4 1.5 1.5 0.6 -1.4 0.2 1.0 -1.2 -2.0
High blood pressure 0.3 0.8 2.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.9 0.8 -1.5 -1.1 0.8 0.7
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 3.2 6.9 8.2 -2.8 -2.9 -2.8 -2.2 2.8 -2.5 -2.7 2.5 2.4
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 1.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 0.5 -0.8 -0.7 0.6 0.4
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.0 -0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.6
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.0 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 -0.9 1.2 1.0 -1.3 -1.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 2.7 3.4 4.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 -1.7 1.7 1.8 -2.1 -1.7
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8
Sitting height 0.5 3.3 3.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.5 -1.9 1.8 1.8 -1.7 -1.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.6 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.5 -0.8 -1.2
High blood pressure (mother) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.7
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 -0.9 0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Impedance of leg (left) 1.3 6.1 7.3 -2.3 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5 2.4 -2.7 -2.5 2.6 2.3
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8 -1.1 1.1 1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Trunk fat mass 0.2 0.9 2.2 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 0.8 -1.5 -1.1 1.2 0.5
Waist circumference 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 -0.9 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 1.3 2.2 3.5 -1.6 -1.6 -1.5 -1.1 1.5 -1.6 -1.5 1.9 0.8
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.4 -0.5
Alcohol usually taken with meals 1.5 2.3 3.0 -1.5 -1.5 -1.6 -1.4 1.7 -1.2 -1.4 1.7 1.7
Nervous feelings 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 0.1 -0.1
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 1.2 1.9 2.9 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.7 -1.3 1.5 1.5 -1.1 -1.1
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 4.3 6.9 8.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.9 -2.5 2.5 2.8 -2.6 -2.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.8 -0.4 1.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 0.9
Had menopause 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.8
Had other major operations 1.1 1.3 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.7 -1.4 0.7 1.2 -1.3 -0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 1.0 3.7 6.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.5 -1.9 1.4 1.7 -2.1 -2.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 -0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.2
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.5
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.3 2.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.4 -1.2 1.3 1.2 -1.2 -0.4
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.9 0.1 0.8 -0.6 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems 1.9 2.9 3.8 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 -1.5 1.9 -1.1 -1.6 1.7 1.9
Heart attack 2.2 2.8 4.5 1.8 1.5 1.7 2.1 -1.7 1.6 1.8 -1.5 -1.3
Allergy 1.5 3.5 5.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 -1.9 2.3 2.0 -1.6 -1.4
Pain all over the body in last month 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.6 -0.8 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.6
Diabetes (self-reported) 1.4 2.1 5.2 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.9 -1.4 0.8 1.3 -1.2 -2.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 1.0 -1.4 -1.0 0.5 0.5
Medication: Ramipril 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.3
Medication: Simvastatin 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -1.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.2 0.5 2.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.8 0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.5 1.5
Illnesses of siblings 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.4 0.7 1.0
Neuroticism score 0.8 1.7 2.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 1.4 -1.0 -1.2 1.5 1.4
Weight 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.3
Impedance of arm (right) 1.8 8.4 10.0 -2.9 -3.0 -3.1 -2.6 3.0 -2.9 -2.9 3.2 2.4
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 0.7 0.1
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 0.9 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.6 -1.2 1.0 1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Hip circumference 0.3 1.1 1.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -0.9 0.9 -0.9 -1.0 1.4 1.3
Time employed in main current job 0.6 0.7 1.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -1.1 0.7 -0.8 -0.9 0.9 0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.3 1.9 2.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 -1.6 0.7 1.2 -1.6 -1.4
Father’s age at death 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 1.4 2.6 4.1 -1.6 -1.6 -1.7 -1.1 1.7 -1.1 -1.5 2.0 2.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 3.4 5.6 6.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.1 -2.5 2.4 2.6 -2.4 -1.3
Falls in the last year 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -0.8 -0.6
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 2.4 3.6 5.0 -2.0 -2.0 -1.9 -2.2 1.9 -1.4 -1.9 2.0 1.5
Number of live births 14.2 20.1 26.4 4.7 4.5 4.8 3.9 -4.6 3.3 4.3 -4.8 -5.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.5 1.6 2.7 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 -1.2 1.3 1.2 -1.6 -1.6
Pulse rate 0.9 1.5 3.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 -1.3 0.5 1.0 -1.3 -1.8
Happiness 4.1 5.0 5.9 -2.3 -2.4 -2.4 -2.1 2.3 -1.5 -2.2 2.4 2.4
Noisy workplace 0.2 0.2 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.3
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.5
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 2.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.2 -1.2 1.1 1.1 -1.1 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.9 1.5 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 -1.3 0.4 1.1 -1.3 -1.4
Asthma 1.0 2.0 3.1 -1.2 -1.2 -1.2 -1.8 1.1 -1.6 -1.4 1.2 1.7
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.3
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.4 2.1 4.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 -1.4 0.2 1.2 -1.5 -2.2
Depression (self-reported) 2.8 3.4 5.0 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 -2.2 1.8 -2.0 -1.8 1.7 1.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.3 1.5 3.6 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.8 -1.5 0.3 1.0 -1.2 -1.9
Prospective memory result 0.6 0.7 1.2 -1.0 -1.1 -0.8 -0.4 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 0.7 0.2
Lung cancer (father) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.2
Illnesses of mother 0.6 0.7 1.6 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 -0.8 1.3 0.9 -0.7 -0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.8 2.5 3.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 -1.6 1.7 1.5 -1.8 -1.9
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.9
Impedance of arm (left) 2.5 11.5 13.2 -3.4 -3.5 -3.6 -2.9 3.5 -3.6 -3.5 3.6 2.7
Arm fat mass (right) 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.0
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.6 -1.2 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -0.8
Standing height 0.2 1.9 2.4 -1.5 -1.4 -1.6 -1.5 1.3 -1.1 -1.4 1.6 1.1
Length of working week for main job 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.4 0.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.2
Breastfed as a baby 6.3 7.8 9.5 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.8 -2.7 2.3 2.7 -3.1 -2.6
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.5 0.9 2.7 -0.9 -1.0 -1.0 -0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.5 1.2 1.6
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 3.7 5.6 6.7 -2.4 -2.4 -2.3 -2.4 2.3 -2.2 -2.3 2.6 2.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.9 2.3 3.0 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.0 1.7 -0.9 -1.5 1.5 1.6
Birth weight of first child 0.6 1.1 2.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.8 1.0 -1.4 -1.1 1.1 0.5
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 3.7 8.6 9.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.4 -3.1 2.8 3.0 -3.1 -2.7
Pulse wave reflection index 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.0 -0.0 0.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 -0.5 0.8 0.6 -0.8 -0.6
Loud music exposure frequency 2.2 2.4 3.2 -1.5 -1.6 -1.5 -1.8 1.6 -1.8 -1.7 1.6 1.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 3.4 5.4 6.9 -2.3 -2.2 -2.3 -2.6 2.3 -2.3 -2.4 2.5 2.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -1.0 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.5 0.4
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 -0.4
Medication: Paracetamol 2.4 3.9 5.6 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.1 -2.0 1.6 1.9 -2.4 -2.0
Headache pain in last month 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.0
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.1 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 -0.1 1.1 0.4 -0.0 0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.9 3.4 4.5 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 -1.9 2.1 2.0 -1.7 -1.2
Gout (self-reported) 5.1 7.0 10.3 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.2 -2.7 2.2 2.7 -3.2 -2.4
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.3 -0.7 0.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.7
Medication: Amlodipine 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.6
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.2 1.6 2.1 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 -1.3 1.1 1.3
Birth weight 1.7 3.7 6.5 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.7 -2.0 2.6 2.1 -1.9 -1.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.4 0.4 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.9 -1.3
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.1 0.2 0.9 -0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.4 -0.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 1.0 3.8 7.2 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.6 -2.0 1.5 1.7 -2.0 -2.7
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.9 2.1 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 0.8 -1.5 -1.0 1.2 0.6
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.6 1.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 -1.3 -0.8 1.0 0.7
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.4 2.3 3.0 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.2 -1.7 1.4 1.5 -1.5 -1.3
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 4.0 5.4 7.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 1.9 -2.3 1.8 2.2 -2.8 -2.3
Comparative body size at age 10 1.6 4.3 5.7 -2.4 -2.4 -2.2 -1.7 2.4 -1.4 -2.1 2.0 1.9
Number of full brothers 10.3 13.0 14.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.1 -3.7 3.0 3.6 -3.7 -3.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.6 -0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 -1.1 0.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.5
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 1.8 3.2 4.7 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.4 -1.9 0.9 1.7 -1.9 -1.7
Number of children fathered 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.3 0.7 0.4 -0.5 -0.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.8 1.0 1.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.4 -0.7 1.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.7 0.6
Age at first live birth 4.3 7.6 10.2 -2.8 -2.8 -3.0 -2.5 2.8 -2.3 -2.7 2.5 3.2
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.2 0.2 1.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 1.0
Health satisfaction 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.4 2.8 3.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 -1.7 1.6 1.9 -1.4 -1.6
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.6 -0.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.8 1.0 3.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.9 -1.4 0.7 -1.8 -1.0 0.8 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 5.8 6.9 9.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.2 -2.7 1.9 2.4 -2.8 -3.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 4.0 4.5 5.6 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.0 -2.1 1.4 2.2 -2.3 -2.0
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.7 1.1 2.1 -1.0 -1.0 -0.9 -1.4 1.1 -0.9 -1.0 1.2 0.7
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 3.7 5.2 6.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 1.8 -2.5 2.1 2.5 -2.2 -1.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.2 0.6 -0.8 -0.7 0.7 0.6
Angina (self-reported) 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 -1.5 1.4 1.4 -1.3 -0.7
Migraine (self-reported) 2.4 3.0 3.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.4 -1.5 1.7 1.9 -1.8 -1.7
Medication: Ibuprofen 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.7
Medication: Allopurinol 4.2 5.5 7.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.0 -2.4 2.0 2.5 -2.8 -1.7
Medication: Omeprazole 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.5 0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.9
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.8 0.1 0.6 -0.4 -0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.3 0.5 1.3
Heart disease (mother) 1.0 1.2 2.2 -0.7 -0.9 -0.9 -1.0 0.9 -1.2 -0.9 1.5 1.5
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 3.3 3.9 4.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 -2.1 1.5 1.9 -2.1 -2.0
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 0.4 -1.1 -0.7 0.8 0.2
Leg fat mass (right) 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.6 0.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.5 3.2 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.3 -1.8 1.5 1.6 -1.6 -1.3
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.9 3.0 3.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 -1.7 1.3 1.6 -1.9 -1.7
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.8 1.9 2.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.3 -1.4 1.4 1.3 -1.5 -1.1
Comparative height size at age 10 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.0
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.8 3.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 0.7 -1.5 0.8 1.2 -1.6 -1.8
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.8 -0.4 -0.6 0.9 0.5
Overall health rating 2.2 4.7 5.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 -2.3 1.8 2.2 -2.0 -1.9
Chest pain or discomfort 6.2 9.0 11.7 3.4 3.3 3.3 2.7 -3.4 2.1 3.0 -2.7 -2.8
Had major operations 0.7 0.8 2.7 -0.8 -1.1 -1.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.5 1.2 1.6
Age at last live birth 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.2 1.0
Family relationship satisfaction 1.3 1.6 2.7 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -0.9 1.2 -1.0 -1.3 1.6 1.1
Leg pain on walking 3.6 4.5 6.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.5 -2.0 2.3 2.2 -2.1 -1.6
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 2.5 2.9 7.3 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4 -2.1 1.4 -2.7 -1.9 1.6 0.6
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 1.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.3 0.3
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 1.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.4 -0.9 1.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.6
Supplements: Vitamin C 1.8 2.1 2.9 -1.4 -1.3 -1.4 -1.6 1.3 -1.7 -1.6 1.7 0.8
Knee pain experienced in last month 8.6 13.3 15.4 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 -3.7 3.1 3.6 -3.5 -3.6
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.9 1.9 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 0.9 -1.4 -1.1 0.8 0.8
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.6 1.9 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 -1.6 1.4 1.6 -1.0 -0.8
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.6
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 5.6 6.9 8.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 -2.5 2.4 2.6 -2.7 -2.9
Smoking status: Previous 0.6 0.9 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -0.7 1.0 -1.1 -1.0 0.6 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.5 1.1 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 -0.9 0.8 1.0 -1.4 -1.4
Whole body fat-free mass 0.2 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.8 -1.4 1.2 1.2 -1.1 -1.0
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 -1.3 1.3 1.2 -1.0 -0.9
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -1.0 -0.6 0.8 0.3
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.6 0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.3
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.2 1.5 3.4 -1.3 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 1.1 -0.6 -1.2 1.4 1.8
Mood swings 0.3 0.5 1.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.0 0.7 -0.0 -0.5 0.7 1.4
Loneliness, isolation 1.1 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.4 -1.3 1.4 1.4 -0.8 -1.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.4 2.1 2.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.1 -1.7 1.0 1.4 -1.0 -1.5
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.5 -0.3
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.7 1.2 3.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 -1.0 0.7 0.9 -0.9 -1.8
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 1.6 1.8 2.2 -1.5 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 1.4 -1.3 -1.4 1.3 1.3
Friendships satisfaction 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.6 -0.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 1.8 2.7 3.2 -1.7 -1.6 -1.7 -1.5 1.8 -1.6 -1.7 1.6 1.6
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 -0.7 1.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.8 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.2 -1.1 1.0 1.2 -1.1 -0.9
Medication for cholesterol 0.7 1.0 2.0 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -1.4 0.8 -1.1 -1.1 1.0 0.1
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 3.9 4.6 5.6 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 -2.1 2.2 2.1 -2.4 -2.1
Back pain experienced in last month 5.0 7.3 8.5 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.7 -2.7 2.9 2.9 -2.7 -2.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.8
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.1
Asthma (self-reported) 1.0 2.0 2.9 -1.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.7 1.2 -1.7 -1.4 1.2 1.7
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 2.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0.6 0.8 -0.2 0.4 1.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 -0.7 0.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.6
Medication: Aspirin 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.4
Medication: Gliclazide 2.9 3.3 6.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.6 -1.7 0.7 1.5 -2.1 -2.6
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 -0.2
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.3 4.8 8.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 -2.2 1.7 2.0 -2.4 -2.9
Whole body water mass 0.4 2.1 2.7 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.1 -1.6 1.4 1.4 -1.4 -1.3
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 -1.3 1.4 1.2 -1.0 -1.0
Arm fat mass (left) 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -0.0
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.3 2.2 2.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.5 -1.4 0.7 1.4 -1.7 -1.6
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 3.9 5.4 6.7 -2.3 -2.5 -2.5 -2.1 2.2 -2.6 -2.5 2.5 1.7
Miserableness 1.8 3.1 3.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 1.6 -1.9 -1.9 1.9 1.8
Guilty feelings 1.9 2.8 3.9 -1.6 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6 1.6 -1.0 -1.4 2.0 1.9
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.9 1.0 2.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.0 -0.6 1.0 -0.7 -0.9 0.9 1.4
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2
Hearing aid user 1.1 1.2 4.1 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.1 -0.8 2.0 1.3 -0.9 -0.6
Mother’s age at death 0.5 0.7 1.4 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -1.0 0.6 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 1.2
Financial situation satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 0.3
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.6
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.7 0.8 2.4 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.9 -0.7 1.6 1.1 -0.7 0.0
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 2.0 2.3 4.7 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.8 -1.6 2.2 1.7 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Blood pressure 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.6
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 16.5 20.7 23.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.6 -4.6 4.3 4.8 -4.3 -3.7
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.6
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.5 2.3 3.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.9 -1.3 1.4 1.5 -1.8 -1.5
Medication: Lisinopril 0.6 0.8 1.6 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.3 1.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 1.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.0 1.3 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 0.9 -1.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.8 -1.4
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.9 1.1 4.1 -0.9 -0.7 -0.7 -1.1 1.0 -2.0 -1.2 0.5 0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.5 1.8 2.8 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.7 -1.1 1.1 1.3 -1.7 -1.0
Ever smoked 2.2 3.8 5.1 -2.0 -1.9 -1.9 -2.2 2.0 -2.0 -2.0 1.8 1.7
Basal metabolic rate 0.2 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.7 -1.2 1.0 1.0 -0.9 -0.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.6 1.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.8 1.1 0.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.6 3.3 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.3 -1.8 1.6 1.6 -1.6 -1.4
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 -1.1 0.6 0.9 -0.7 -0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 7.5 10.9 12.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.0 -3.5 2.9 3.4 -3.2 -3.2
Irritability 1.5 2.5 4.9 -1.7 -1.8 -1.5 -0.7 1.7 -1.0 -1.5 1.6 2.2
Risk taking 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 -1.1 -0.7 0.5 -0.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.1 1.3 2.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.1 -1.4 1.1 -1.4 -1.2 1.1 0.5
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.0 0.7 -1.2 0.8 1.1 -1.2 -1.2
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 -0.3 1.4 0.8 -0.0 0.0
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.2 0.6 2.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.1 0.7 -1.5 -0.8 0.3 -0.1
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 2.0 2.6 3.0 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 -1.7 1.5 1.7 -1.7 -1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 3.5 4.2 4.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 -2.2 1.8 2.1 -1.8 -1.8
Myopia 0.5 0.7 1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.7 -0.9 -0.9 0.3 0.9
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.5
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 -0.9 0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.4
Pain experienced in last month 5.4 9.1 10.6 -3.2 -3.1 -3.2 -3.0 3.2 -2.5 -3.1 2.9 2.6
Supplements: Calcium 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.6 1.0
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 2.1 2.5 3.2 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 -1.8 1.2 1.7 -1.4 -0.9
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 2.6 3.3 5.3 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.3 -1.8 1.8 2.0 -1.7 -1.3
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.0 -0.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.1
Heart disease (siblings) 0.8 1.0 1.3 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.9 -1.2 -1.1 0.8 0.7
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.4 0.4 1.0 -0.7 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.7 0.5 0.1
Pack years of smoking 3.1 4.6 5.6 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.3 -2.2 1.8 2.1 -2.1 -2.0
Impedance of whole body 2.3 11.9 13.4 -3.4 -3.5 -3.7 -3.1 3.6 -3.6 -3.5 3.6 2.9
Leg fat mass (left) 0.1 0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.9 -0.6 0.7 0.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.8 3.8 4.9 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.6 -2.1 1.9 2.0 -1.9 -1.7