Hub : Genes

PDE11A

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0470 0.0169 6.2e-05 0.037 0.044 0.035 0.042 0.042 1.2e-05 1.9e-06 2.5e-05 3.7e-06 3.5e-06
2 TCGA Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma 0.0678 0.0338 2.1e-03 0.018 0.023 0.024 NA 0.032 3.3e-03 1.2e-03 8.3e-04 NA 1.5e-04
3 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.0680 0.0297 5.6e-05 0.018 0.044 0.042 NA 0.037 3.2e-03 8.8e-06 1.5e-05 NA 4.3e-05
4 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.1370 0.0533 1.5e-03 -0.001 0.029 0.035 NA -0.002 5.4e-01 2.2e-04 5.4e-05 NA 9.5e-01
5 TCGA Prostate Adenocarcinoma 0.1382 0.0382 7.1e-14 0.122 0.145 0.163 NA 0.176 1.0e-12 6.1e-15 8.8e-17 NA 4.5e-18

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.3
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.6 -0.2 0.7 1.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.7 1.5 3.0 -1.2 -0.6 -1.7 -0.3 1.6
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.4 2.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.9 -1.5 1.4
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.5 1.7 5.2 -0.1 0.8 -1.1 -2.3 1.1
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 1.7 4.1 9.1 -2.6 -1.2 -3.0 -0.7 1.5
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.7 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.3 1.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 1.3 1.7 5.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.1 -0.8 2.3
Worry (Nagel 2018) 1.0 2.2 5.3 -2.3 -1.4 -1.9 -0.1 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 -1.3 -0.0
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.2 0.4 0.6 1.1 -1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.4 0.9 1.7 -0.3 -0.6
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.3 2.9 5.9 -1.4 -0.9 -2.4 -0.5 2.3
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.8 1.9 4.7 -1.3 -0.9 -2.2 -0.9 1.2
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.3 0.6 1.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2
Major Depression (MDD) 0.4 0.5 1.5 0.1 1.2 0.0 -0.8 0.5
Reaction Time 0.4 0.7 3.1 0.4 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 1.8
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.3 0.7 2.4 -0.6 0.1 -1.5 -0.3 0.6
Breast Cancer 0.4 1.0 3.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 0.9 1.8
Ovarian Cancer 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.3
Prostate Cancer 1.8 2.5 8.0 -1.1 -1.8 0.4 -0.2 -2.8
Age at First Birth 0.7 1.0 2.6 0.5 -1.6 0.3 -0.9 -1.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.6 1.5 5.2 1.1 -0.7 0.7 2.3 0.5
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.8 1.1 2.6 1.3 1.6 1.0 -0.4 -0.2
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.3 1.5 2.8 1.1 0.4 1.7 1.2 -1.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.7 1.1 1.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 1.0 1.2
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.5 1.5 -0.4 0.8 -1.2 0.2 0.6
Fasting Glucose 0.9 1.1 2.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.0 1.2 -1.7
HbA1C 1.9 2.1 6.0 -1.9 -0.5 -2.4 0.0 0.7
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 3.3 0.1 -1.8 0.1 0.1 -0.6
LDL Cholesterol 0.8 1.3 4.5 -0.5 -0.1 -1.2 0.6 2.1
Lupus 1.1 1.6 4.4 1.1 -0.8 0.6 -2.1 -1.2
Neuroticism (2016) 1.0 1.5 2.8 -1.3 -0.7 -1.5 -1.7 0.5
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.1 0.2
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.8 1.1 2.1 0.4 1.3 1.2 -1.5 -0.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.3 0.6 2.3 0.2 0.5 -0.0 0.3 1.5
Triglycerides 0.8 1.4 2.9 -0.5 0.9 -1.0 1.4 1.7
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.4 0.5 1.9 -0.5 1.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.5
Ulcerative Colitis 1.1 1.6 4.6 -2.1 -0.6 -1.5 -0.3 -0.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.2 1.9 4.8 -1.6 0.9 -2.2 -0.2 1.2
Blood Platelet Count 0.3 3.3 10.2 1.6 1.0 1.5 3.2 -0.7
Blood Red Count 0.4 4.0 10.5 1.3 -0.2 3.2 1.8 -2.2
Blood White Count 0.2 1.2 2.9 0.6 -0.6 0.0 1.7 1.6
Heel T-Score 0.4 3.2 7.1 -2.7 -1.3 -2.2 -0.7 1.4
BMI 0.9 5.3 12.8 3.6 1.9 3.0 -1.1 -0.5
Height 0.7 13.5 42.2 -2.1 -0.5 -2.8 -3.6 -6.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 1.1 4.9 8.8 3.0 3.0 2.5 -0.4 0.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.7 1.0 -0.1
Smoking Status 0.5 1.3 2.8 -1.1 0.3 -1.3 0.9 1.7
Allergy or Eczema 0.6 1.5 5.0 -1.0 -2.2 -0.3 1.2 -0.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.3 0.9 3.3 -0.7 0.7 -1.8 -0.2 0.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.3 0.7 2.0 0.2 1.4 1.0 0.5 -0.1
Respiratory disease 0.5 1.0 2.7 1.6 0.3 1.4 0.6 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.5 1.0 3.5 0.3 0.9 -0.7 -1.9 -0.3
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.4 2.1 4.8 1.2 -0.8 1.9 2.2 0.0
Lung FVC 4.3 21.9 54.6 -7.0 -1.5 -7.4 -1.6 1.2
Neuroticism 1.5 3.6 6.9 -2.0 -1.4 -2.6 -1.2 2.0
Chronotype (morning person) 0.3 0.7 2.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.4 -1.6 -0.8
Hair Pigment 0.2 4.6 7.8 2.3 -0.7 2.8 -1.5 -2.7
Tanning 0.1 0.7 2.6 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 1.6 -0.3
Hand grip strength (left) 0.6 1.6 3.7 0.5 1.9 -0.6 -1.9 -0.4
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 0.1
Average weekly spirits intake 0.5 0.7 1.8 -1.3 -0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 2.0 3.5 7.5 -2.6 1.3 -2.7 -1.1 0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 0.6 0.9 1.7 -0.9 -1.0 -0.7 -1.3 0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.3 2.0 5.9 2.4 1.0 1.5 -0.8 0.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.4 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.2 1.3 -1.2 -0.5
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.5 -0.2 0.5 -1.1 -0.2
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 0.5 0.7 1.7 -0.9 0.3 -1.0 -0.1 1.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 2.5 2.8 4.9 -2.2 -1.5 -1.7 1.7 1.1
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.5 0.3 1.0 0.4
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.2 1.3 2.8 1.3 0.9 0.4 -1.7 1.0
Angina 0.7 0.9 2.6 1.0 0.5 0.9 -0.2 1.6
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 1.1 1.3 2.8 -0.6 -0.9 -0.7 -1.4 -1.7
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.5 -0.2 1.0 1.0 -0.1
Supplements: Zinc 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.4 -1.0 -0.0
Medication: Co-codamol 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6
Medication: Metformin 1.2 1.7 5.8 0.4 1.5 -0.2 -2.4 0.6
Diabetes (father) 0.9 1.1 1.8 1.4 0.6 1.1 0.9 -1.0
Diabetes (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.8 0.9 1.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.8 -1.2 1.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.6 6.1 0.2 -0.1 -1.4 -0.1 2.5
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.1 2.1 0.5 1.2 1.4 1.4 -0.2
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.5 2.9 7.9 0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -2.4 -2.8
Trunk fat percentage 1.7 6.7 14.2 3.8 1.6 3.4 -1.9 -1.4
Hand grip strength (right) 0.6 1.6 2.8 0.1 1.6 -1.4 -1.7 0.7
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.6 0.8 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.6 -1.2 0.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.5 1.2 -1.0 -0.2 -1.1 0.0 0.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 0.8 1.0 2.9 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.7 1.2
Maternal smoking around birth 0.8 1.1 3.1 1.0 1.8 0.9 -0.9 0.1
Fed-up feelings 1.0 1.8 6.2 -0.0 1.1 -0.2 -2.5 1.2
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 0.7 0.9 2.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.7 -1.2 1.6
Relative age voice broke 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.7 -0.3 0.5 -1.2 -0.9
Taking other prescription medications 1.9 3.0 6.5 2.1 2.6 2.0 0.1 -0.1
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.3 3.2 11.9 0.7 3.5 0.1 1.5 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 5.0 5.8 10.2 -3.2 -2.8 -2.9 0.9 1.2
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.5 1.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.6 1.2
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.7 0.9 1.9 0.2 0.8 0.4 -1.4 -1.2
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.9 2.2 4.6 2.1 0.8 2.0 -1.1 1.0
High blood pressure 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.4 0.4 -0.8 0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.6 5.0 -0.9 -2.2 -0.4 1.3 0.3
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.3 0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.0
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.7 2.1 5.2 2.3 -0.5 2.2 0.1 -0.7
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.6 0.8 1.6 -0.9 0.3 -1.1 0.4 1.2
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.5 1.7 3.8 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.9 -0.4
Medication: Atenolol 0.7 0.9 3.8 0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -1.9 0.3
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.6 2.6 4.6 1.6 2.1 2.1 -0.9 -0.9
Sitting height 2.0 14.1 33.4 -4.4 -3.1 -5.8 -1.9 -2.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -0.4
High blood pressure (mother) 0.6 0.9 4.4 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -2.1 0.2
Body mass index (BMI) 1.3 5.5 13.7 3.7 1.1 2.9 -1.9 -0.7
Impedance of leg (left) 0.3 1.5 2.9 0.8 1.1 1.6 1.7 0.2
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.1 8.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 -2.5 -2.9
Trunk fat mass 1.3 5.5 11.2 3.4 1.2 2.7 -2.1 -1.9
Waist circumference 1.8 6.5 12.9 3.6 2.3 2.9 -1.8 -1.5
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.5 0.8 1.6 -1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -1.2
Past tobacco smoking 0.9 1.7 3.3 -1.8 -1.2 -1.8 -0.5 -0.7
Alcohol usually taken with meals 2.6 4.2 6.8 -2.2 -1.7 -2.6 2.3 1.2
Nervous feelings 1.3 2.4 5.6 -2.4 -1.7 -1.5 1.1 -0.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.8 1.3 2.1 -1.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 1.5 2.4 3.5 1.9 1.9 1.2 -1.3 1.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 1.6 2.0 6.3 0.8 1.7 0.1 -2.5 -0.4
Had menopause 0.7 0.8 2.8 -1.7 -0.2 -1.1 -0.3 0.3
Had other major operations 2.9 3.5 8.8 3.0 0.8 2.2 1.1 1.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 3.4 13.1 33.8 -5.4 -0.4 -5.8 -1.4 -1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.3 0.6 0.9 -0.8 -1.0 -0.9 0.3 0.8
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 1.0 1.2 2.9 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.7 0.7
Qualifications: None of the above 1.3 2.7 4.5 2.1 -0.1 2.1 1.9 1.1
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 -1.0 -0.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems 3.1 4.8 8.4 -2.9 -1.8 -1.6 1.8 -2.6
Heart attack 0.8 1.0 2.3 0.2 1.0 0.4 -1.2 -1.5
Allergy 0.4 0.9 2.0 -0.7 1.2 -0.7 -1.4 -0.2
Pain all over the body in last month 1.3 1.4 2.2 0.2 -1.1 1.1 -1.4 -1.5
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.9 1.3 4.5 -0.5 -0.2 -1.2 -2.1 -0.6
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Medication: Ramipril 2.0 2.6 5.7 -2.4 1.4 -1.2 1.6 -1.1
Medication: Simvastatin 1.0 1.5 3.3 -1.3 -0.2 -1.8 -1.2 0.9
Fluid intelligence score 0.9 1.9 5.9 -1.8 0.5 -2.4 -0.1 0.2
Illnesses of siblings 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 -0.9
Neuroticism score 1.5 3.1 5.3 -2.0 -0.5 -2.3 -2.0 1.4
Weight 0.9 4.4 7.4 2.5 0.6 1.4 -2.7 -2.5
Impedance of arm (right) 0.1 0.7 1.6 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.2 -1.0
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.8 7.2 15.8 4.0 1.6 3.7 -1.6 -1.0
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 3.0 6.3 -0.9 -0.8 -2.1 -1.6 -2.5
Hip circumference 0.4 1.6 4.3 1.1 0.5 0.7 -1.2 -2.1
Time employed in main current job 0.7 0.8 1.4 -1.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4 -0.7
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.8 1.2 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.3 -0.6 -1.0
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.3 -0.4 0.9 1.1 -1.1
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.8 1.5 3.1 -1.5 -0.0 -1.8 -0.9 1.1
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.9 1.4 3.0 1.2 1.0 0.4 -1.7 1.2
Falls in the last year 1.1 1.5 3.4 1.8 -0.0 1.5 -1.1 -0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.5 0.8 1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9
Number of live births 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.4 -0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 2.3 7.7 19.6 -4.1 -0.8 -4.4 -0.3 -0.9
Pulse rate 0.8 1.3 2.2 1.5 0.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.4
Happiness 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 1.0
Noisy workplace 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.4
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.6 1.4 3.2 -1.8 -0.4 -1.5 1.0 -0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 3.4 5.7 10.6 3.2 3.1 1.5 -1.0 2.3
Asthma 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.6
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 0.5 0.6 1.6 -0.9 -0.4 -1.2 0.4 0.6
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.1 0.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.3
Depression (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 2.5 0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 1.6
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.4 1.6 5.7 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 1.3 2.4
Prospective memory result 1.0 1.2 3.7 1.9 -0.3 0.7 0.3 1.3
Lung cancer (father) 1.3 1.5 3.4 1.9 1.2 1.3 -0.9 -0.2
Illnesses of mother 1.0 1.2 4.5 0.2 -1.0 0.3 2.1 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 2.0 6.3 15.2 -3.9 -0.1 -3.6 -1.0 -1.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.8 1.0 1.9 -0.7 1.2 -0.1 -1.0 -1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.1 0.5 1.0 -0.6 1.0 0.5 0.2 -0.9
Arm fat mass (right) 1.4 5.7 11.6 3.4 1.4 2.8 -2.1 -1.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 3.0 6.6 -0.8 -0.8 -2.1 -1.6 -2.6
Standing height 0.7 7.1 18.1 -2.2 -0.8 -2.9 -1.9 -4.3
Length of working week for main job 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.2 -0.8 0.7 1.2
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.7 0.8 2.9 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -1.7 0.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.9 1.1 2.5 -1.6 0.4 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.6 1.0 1.9 -1.3 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5 1.0
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.7 1.1 4.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 -2.1 0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 1.8 4.5 8.5 -2.4 -2.9 -0.7 2.7 0.5
Birth weight of first child 1.0 1.9 5.2 -1.6 -0.9 -2.3 -0.8 0.4
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 1.8 4.1 11.7 -2.7 -0.1 -3.4 1.1 -0.6
Pulse wave reflection index 0.6 0.8 1.6 -0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6 -1.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.9 0.5
Loud music exposure frequency 2.0 2.2 4.6 2.1 0.8 1.8 -1.0 -1.2
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.8 1.7 -0.5 0.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.7 1.0 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.4 -1.1 -0.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 2.1 2.7 5.9 2.4 1.7 2.1 0.4 -0.1
Medication: Paracetamol 1.1 1.8 3.8 -0.7 -0.5 -1.5 1.5 1.9
Headache pain in last month 0.9 1.6 4.3 -0.6 -0.4 -1.4 1.1 2.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.2
Glaucoma (self-reported) 1.5 1.7 5.3 0.7 0.3 1.7 -0.0 -2.3
Gout (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.4 1.0 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 1.5
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.7 1.3 1.4 -0.2 -0.6
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 2.8 0.5 -0.4 1.7 -1.0 -1.2
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.8
Birth weight 0.7 1.6 4.5 -0.8 2.1 -1.1 1.2 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 1.2 1.4 3.8 -0.2 -1.3 -0.1 1.9 1.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.6 0.8 2.3 -1.5 -0.0 -1.0 -0.8 0.3
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 2.6 9.3 20.5 -4.5 -0.0 -4.4 -1.9 -1.8
Body fat percentage 2.1 8.4 18.2 4.3 1.8 3.9 -1.7 -1.4
Leg fat percentage (right) 2.3 8.4 19.9 4.5 1.5 4.3 -0.6 -1.2
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.3 1.7 3.8 -0.1 -0.4 -1.3 -1.7 -2.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 4.5 6.0 15.1 3.9 2.0 3.1 -1.0 0.2
Comparative body size at age 10 0.4 1.1 3.1 -0.6 1.8 -0.7 -0.1 1.3
Number of full brothers 0.8 1.0 2.8 1.7 -0.4 1.0 -0.9 -0.7
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.6 2.7 5.7 -1.9 -0.6 -2.4 -1.9 0.3
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.2 1.5 5.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -1.3 2.4
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.4 0.8 2.1 1.4 -0.4 0.6 -0.9 0.8
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.7
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 1.3 1.5 2.2 -0.6 -1.3 -0.9 1.5 1.5
Age at first live birth 0.8 1.4 2.9 -1.6 -0.9 -1.7 0.9 -0.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.8 1.4 0.7 -1.2 -0.0 0.8 1.2
Health satisfaction 0.8 1.0 3.0 1.1 0.7 0.5 -1.7 0.2
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 1.4 1.7 3.8 1.8 -0.2 1.2 0.1 1.9
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.7 2.2 3.3 -1.8 -1.2 -1.7 1.5 -1.2
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.3 0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.7 2.0 2.8 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -0.1 1.7
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.7 0.4
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.4 -0.1 1.0 -0.7 -1.5
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.9 1.3 2.6 1.4 0.3 1.3 -0.0 1.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.4 0.8 2.1 1.5 -0.4 1.2 0.3 -0.0
Angina (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 -0.6 1.4
Migraine (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.7 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2 1.3 0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.0 1.3 2.5 -1.1 -0.5 -1.6 0.7 1.3
Medication: Allopurinol 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.5
Medication: Omeprazole 2.3 2.8 5.5 1.5 2.3 1.3 -2.1 -0.3
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.0 1.1 2.7 1.6 0.0 1.5 -0.2 -0.8
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.5 0.9 4.0 0.1 -0.5 0.3 0.3 2.0
Heart disease (mother) 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.9 -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.8 0.5 -0.9 -0.3 0.9
Whole body fat mass 1.7 6.9 13.7 3.7 1.6 3.0 -2.2 -2.1
Leg fat mass (right) 1.9 7.3 15.5 3.9 1.5 3.4 -1.9 -2.0
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.4 1.9 3.6 -0.2 -0.5 -1.5 -1.9 -1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.4 4.4 10.6 3.3 -0.4 2.8 0.6 -1.8
Alcohol intake frequency. 1.2 2.7 6.2 2.5 0.9 2.2 -1.3 -0.1
Comparative height size at age 10 1.0 5.4 10.6 -2.5 -2.1 -2.2 -0.7 -3.2
Number of full sisters 2.2 2.7 4.2 1.8 0.2 1.5 -1.9 -2.0
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.2 0.4 1.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.1
Overall health rating 0.7 1.6 4.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 -2.1 0.7
Chest pain or discomfort 0.5 0.7 1.8 1.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.7 1.3
Had major operations 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.4 -0.0
Age at last live birth 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.4 0.8 0.8 -0.5
Family relationship satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.9 0.8
Leg pain on walking 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.6 -0.6 0.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.5 0.6 0.9 -1.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.8 -0.8
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.8 2.0 4.3 -2.0 -0.4 -2.1 1.0 0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 2.4 2.9 5.5 -2.3 -1.1 -2.3 1.4 -0.6
Medication: Aspirin 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.5 0.7
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.6 0.9 2.6 -0.4 0.1 -1.6 0.1 1.4
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.1 0.4 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.0
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.4 1.5 1.5 1.0 -0.5 0.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.5 0.7 1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -1.1 1.1
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.6 2.0 3.9 2.0 1.3 1.2 -1.3 1.1
Smoking status: Previous 1.4 2.1 4.3 1.9 1.0 2.1 0.9 0.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.8 3.8 12.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 -2.5 -3.5
Whole body fat-free mass 0.5 2.9 6.7 -0.3 -0.7 -1.6 -2.1 -2.6
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.5 2.7 6.0 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 -2.5 -2.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.7 6.9 14.6 3.8 1.6 3.6 -1.7 -1.3
Average weekly red wine intake 2.4 3.5 8.5 -1.8 -1.3 -2.0 2.9 0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 1.3 1.5 3.5 1.1 -0.2 1.7 -1.9 -0.2
Mood swings 0.3 0.5 2.2 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -1.5 -0.1
Loneliness, isolation 0.9 1.3 2.3 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -0.7 -0.2
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.1 0.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.0 -0.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.9 1.5 6.1 0.3 0.7 -0.4 -2.5 -0.7
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 2.1 2.2 4.8 1.9 1.6 2.2 0.0 -0.3
Friendships satisfaction 0.7 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.3 -0.4 -0.6 1.0
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 2.0 3.1 7.1 -2.6 -1.1 -2.7 -0.9 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 2.0 2.3 9.9 -0.3 0.9 -0.9 -3.1 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.6 0.9 2.8 -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.7 0.5
Medication for cholesterol 0.5 0.7 2.9 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 1.7
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.1 1.3 2.7 -1.6 0.7 -1.4 -1.2 0.5
Back pain experienced in last month 0.7 1.0 1.8 -0.4 -0.1 -1.1 1.3 1.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.2 1.6 3.8 1.7 0.4 1.9 -0.8 -0.9
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.5 0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.3 1.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.2
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 -0.8 -0.4
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.7
Medication: Gliclazide 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.8 0.3 0.4 -1.4 -0.8
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.8 1.0 2.2 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.0
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.0 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.3 4.9 10.0 -3.2 -2.0 -3.2 0.8 -0.1
Whole body water mass 0.5 3.0 6.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.7 -2.3 -2.5
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.5 2.8 6.1 -0.1 -0.7 -1.2 -2.4 -2.5
Arm fat mass (left) 1.3 5.4 10.6 3.2 1.5 2.6 -2.1 -1.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.6 1.9 -0.0 0.8 -0.1 0.6 -1.4
Miserableness 1.9 3.3 8.5 -1.8 -0.5 -2.9 -0.6 2.1
Guilty feelings 1.2 1.8 4.9 -1.4 0.3 -2.2 -0.2 1.5
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.6 1.9 7.8 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 2.8 0.0
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.9 1.0 2.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.8 1.3 1.5
Hearing aid user 0.9 1.0 1.9 -1.1 -1.4 -0.9 -0.5 1.1
Mother’s age at death 1.0 1.2 3.4 0.3 1.2 1.0 -1.8 -0.5
Financial situation satisfaction 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 -0.0 0.2 -1.0 -0.6
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 0.8 0.9 3.8 -0.2 1.9 -0.7 -0.4 0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 0.8 0.9 3.3 0.7 0.2 0.5 -1.8 -0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.1 -0.0 0.9 -0.1 -1.8
Medication: Blood pressure 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.2 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.0
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.7 2.3 5.6 -1.8 0.1 -2.4 1.4 0.7
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.7 0.0 0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.1 1.7 4.4 1.3 0.0 2.1 -0.2 -1.5
Medication: Paracetamol 1.3 2.0 4.0 -1.1 -0.7 -1.6 1.3 2.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.4 0.6 1.1 1.1 -0.6 0.4 -1.1 -0.2
Medication: Atorvastatin 1.0 1.3 3.8 0.9 0.8 1.1 -0.3 -1.9
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.5 -1.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.5
Alcohol drinker status: Never 2.6 3.1 7.7 -1.9 -0.4 -2.8 -0.5 2.0
Ever smoked 0.4 0.7 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.6 1.3
Basal metabolic rate 0.5 2.7 7.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -2.3 -2.7
Leg fat percentage (left) 2.2 8.1 19.7 4.4 1.5 4.2 -0.5 -0.9
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.4 2.1 5.5 0.2 -0.5 -1.2 -2.3 -1.8
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 -0.1 0.7 1.0 0.1
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 1.7 2.4 5.5 1.5 2.4 -0.5 -1.7 1.1
Irritability 1.5 2.5 4.4 -1.5 -1.5 -2.1 -1.3 1.4
Risk taking 1.7 2.6 4.2 1.4 2.0 0.9 -2.0 1.3
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.8 2.1 4.1 1.3 -0.8 2.0 0.2 -2.0
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 2.0 2.6 6.3 1.5 0.7 2.0 -0.2 -2.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.7 2.1 4.0 -2.0 -0.6 -1.8 0.3 1.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.4 1.3 2.6 1.2 0.4 1.0 1.6 -1.1
Ever depressed for a whole week 0.8 1.0 2.3 -1.0 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 1.2
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.5 0.7 1.6 1.3 -0.2 1.3 -0.5 0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.7
Myopia 4.3 6.3 25.4 0.0 -1.5 1.2 -1.5 -5.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.9 1.3 4.2 0.3 2.0 0.4 -1.1 -0.8
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 1.7 2.0 4.8 1.8 2.2 1.1 -0.8 0.7
Pain experienced in last month 0.6 1.0 2.9 0.2 -0.8 1.1 -0.5 -1.7
Supplements: Calcium 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.0
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.3 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 1.1 -1.0
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 2.0 0.2 0.6 0.2 -1.4 -1.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.9 2.4 5.3 2.3 1.6 2.0 0.4 0.3
Heart disease (siblings) 1.1 1.3 2.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.8
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.7 2.0 4.0 2.0 1.9 1.4 0.3 -0.4
Pack years of smoking 1.0 1.5 5.8 0.2 0.4 -1.2 0.2 2.4
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.7 1.6 0.1 1.2 1.3 0.8 -0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 1.8 6.9 15.6 4.0 1.4 3.3 -1.7 -1.8
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.4 2.1 4.7 0.2 -0.4 -1.0 -2.2 -2.1