Hub : Genes

PDE4B

Models

#	panel	tissue	h2	h2 se	h2 P	eQTL R2	BLUP R2	ENET R2	BSLMM R2	LASSO R2	eQTL P	BLUP P	ENET P	BSLMM P	LASSO P
1	CommonMind	Brain Pre-frontal Cortex	0.1530	0.0330	6.9e-09	0.103	0.076	0.095	0.105	0.109	1.8e-12	1.4e-09	1.3e-11	8.8e-13	3.7e-13
2	YFS	Blood	0.0294	0.0112	1.3e-03	0.003	0.008	0.005	0.008	0.002	2.0e-02	9.4e-04	8.6e-03	9.1e-04	8.9e-02
3	TCGA	Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma	0.0346	0.0177	8.0e-03	0.003	0.008	0.006	NA	0.006	1.3e-01	3.5e-02	5.8e-02	NA	6.1e-02

Trait associations

Trait	Avg chi2 ratio	Avg chi2	Max chi2	1	2	3
Bipolar Disorder (2018)	0.6	1.0	2.0	1.4	-0.4	-0.8
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia	1.2	2.8	5.8	1.5	0.8	-2.4
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018)	0.8	1.7	3.7	1.1	0.4	-1.9
Depression (Nagel 2018)	1.2	1.8	2.9	0.7	1.7	-1.5
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018)	0.6	2.0	3.4	1.8	1.6	0.4
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018)	1.0	2.3	4.0	2.0	0.4	-1.6
Schizophrenia (2018)	1.3	2.8	5.9	0.7	1.4	-2.4
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder	1.4	1.8	2.2	1.5	1.1	-1.4
Worry (Nagel 2018)	0.6	1.3	3.3	1.8	-0.5	0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother)	0.8	0.9	1.6	-0.8	-0.7	-1.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father)	0.4	0.5	1.3	1.1	-0.1	-0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy)	1.0	1.5	4.1	0.5	-0.3	-2.0
Crohns Disease (2017)	1.5	3.4	6.9	2.6	0.8	1.6
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD)	0.8	1.8	3.6	1.9	0.3	1.3
Ulcerative Colitis (UC)	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8	-0.4	0.6
Major Depression (MDD)	2.3	2.8	5.4	-0.7	-2.3	-1.6
Reaction Time	1.9	3.6	9.1	-1.2	-0.5	-3.0
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR)	0.3	0.6	1.4	1.2	0.7	-0.1
Breast Cancer	1.5	3.6	8.1	-0.3	1.6	-2.8
Ovarian Cancer	0.8	1.1	1.9	1.4	1.2	-0.2
Prostate Cancer	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	-0.5
Age at First Birth	1.9	2.7	4.8	1.4	1.2	2.2
Bipolar Disorder (2011)	1.7	1.6	2.4	1.4	0.8	1.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010)	0.6	0.9	1.9	-1.4	-0.5	-0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.7	-0.6
Crohns Disease (2012)	0.8	1.2	3.5	1.9	0.4	0.0
Mean Putamen Volume	1.8	2.1	2.5	-1.3	-1.6	-1.5
Fasting Glucose	0.8	1.0	1.4	1.2	0.4	1.2
HbA1C	0.7	0.8	1.2	1.0	1.1	-0.0
HDL Cholesterol	0.8	1.3	3.3	-0.6	-1.8	-0.4
LDL Cholesterol	0.6	0.9	1.4	-1.2	1.0	-0.5
Lupus	0.3	0.4	0.9	-0.1	-0.9	0.6
Neuroticism (2016)	0.7	1.0	2.4	0.7	0.4	-1.6
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis	0.3	0.5	0.7	-0.8	-0.4	-0.8
Rheumatoid Arthritis	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.1	0.6	0.3
Schizophrenia (2014)	1.0	2.1	4.8	1.1	0.7	-2.2
Triglycerides	0.8	1.3	3.3	-0.3	0.6	-1.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012)	0.1	0.1	0.3	-0.2	-0.5	0.3
Ulcerative Colitis	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5
Blood Eosinophil Count	0.1	0.4	0.8	-0.6	-0.2	0.9
Blood Platelet Count	0.2	2.6	5.6	-0.4	-1.5	2.4
Blood Red Count	0.3	2.7	3.5	-1.5	-1.6	1.9
Blood White Count	1.4	10.4	30.2	0.9	0.2	5.5
Heel T-Score	0.5	3.7	7.6	-2.8	-1.0	-1.6
BMI	2.7	15.9	45.4	-1.4	0.6	-6.7
Height	0.2	4.2	8.2	-2.9	-1.0	-1.8
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR)	0.3	1.5	2.4	-1.1	-1.6	-0.8
Systolic Blood Pressure	0.6	3.2	4.9	1.8	-2.2	1.2
Smoking Status	8.0	19.0	42.8	-2.7	-2.6	-6.5
Allergy or Eczema	0.4	1.0	2.2	-0.7	0.5	1.5
Cardiovascular Disease	0.8	2.8	5.6	0.6	-2.4	-1.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported)	0.4	1.0	2.4	-0.2	0.8	-1.6
Respiratory disease	0.5	1.1	3.3	-0.2	-0.2	-1.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018)	1.4	2.7	4.7	1.5	2.2	-1.0
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio	0.7	3.3	8.1	-0.3	-1.4	-2.8
Lung FVC	0.3	1.3	3.1	0.2	-0.9	1.8
Neuroticism	0.7	1.7	4.0	1.0	-0.4	-2.0
Chronotype (morning person)	4.6	10.5	17.4	-4.2	-3.3	-1.7
Hair Pigment	0.1	3.4	5.4	-2.3	-0.4	-2.2
Tanning	5.6	68.9	96.6	-9.8	-4.9	-9.3
Hand grip strength (left)	1.4	3.7	6.0	-2.4	-2.0	-1.1
Number of treatments/medications taken	0.2	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.4	-1.0
Average weekly spirits intake	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.2
Sensitivity / hurt feelings	0.9	1.6	3.2	0.6	1.8	-1.1
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks	1.2	1.7	4.8	-0.2	0.6	-2.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes	1.8	2.8	4.3	0.5	-2.0	-2.1
Relative age of first facial hair	0.7	1.5	2.8	0.0	1.3	1.7
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor	2.3	3.0	5.8	2.4	0.6	1.7
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT)	0.6	0.8	1.8	1.4	0.4	0.7
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed)	2.3	2.6	6.1	1.0	2.5	0.8
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.4	1.1	2.0	1.4	-1.0	0.5
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease	0.6	0.7	0.8	-0.7	-0.9	-0.8
Angina	0.5	0.7	1.8	0.4	-0.0	-1.4
Medication for hormone replacement therapy	2.2	2.4	4.4	1.4	1.0	2.1
Vitamin and mineral supplements	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.4	-0.0	-0.7
Supplements: Zinc	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.4	-0.8	-0.9
Medication: Co-codamol	0.6	0.7	1.6	-1.3	-0.4	-0.5
Medication: Metformin	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.8	-0.8
Diabetes (father)	1.0	1.3	2.9	-1.7	0.5	0.9
Diabetes (mother)	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.2	0.7	0.0
Severe depression (siblings)	0.7	0.8	1.4	0.9	-1.2	-0.4
Pack years adult smoking proportion	2.2	3.4	5.4	-1.1	-1.8	-2.3
Impedance of leg (right)	0.6	2.9	5.2	-1.1	-2.3	1.5
Leg fat-free mass (left)	1.1	5.9	16.9	-0.6	0.6	-4.1
Trunk fat percentage	2.4	9.6	26.5	-1.5	-0.0	-5.1
Hand grip strength (right)	0.2	0.5	0.8	-0.9	-0.8	-0.3
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment	1.2	1.7	2.8	1.7	-1.3	-0.8
Current tobacco smoking	5.8	9.4	13.8	-3.0	-2.4	-3.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.6	-0.4
Maternal smoking around birth	2.2	3.2	5.0	-0.4	-2.1	-2.2
Fed-up feelings	0.3	0.6	1.0	1.0	0.5	-0.8
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks	0.8	1.1	3.0	-0.3	0.5	-1.7
Relative age voice broke	0.8	1.2	1.7	-0.8	1.3	1.1
Taking other prescription medications	2.1	3.2	6.1	2.5	1.8	0.3
Age when periods started (menarche)	2.6	6.2	7.6	2.8	2.3	2.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed)	0.8	1.0	2.8	-0.0	0.4	-1.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left)	0.3	0.7	1.0	-0.5	1.0	1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.2	-0.1	-0.8
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent	1.7	2.2	3.8	-1.5	-2.0	-0.7
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself	1.8	2.1	3.4	1.8	-1.0	1.4
High blood pressure	0.2	0.6	1.2	0.7	-1.1	0.0
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.5
Multivitamins +/- minerals	0.5	0.7	1.4	0.0	-0.8	1.2
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month	1.4	1.8	3.0	0.8	-1.3	-1.7
Supplements: Glucosamine	1.1	1.4	3.2	0.8	-1.8	0.7
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported)	1.8	2.1	4.8	-0.3	2.2	-1.2
Medication: Atenolol	0.5	0.6	1.9	1.4	-0.0	0.1
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.5	-0.0
Sitting height	0.2	1.6	3.1	0.8	1.1	1.8
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father)	1.4	1.6	4.2	-0.2	-0.8	-2.0
High blood pressure (mother)	1.1	1.5	3.8	1.9	-0.1	0.8
Body mass index (BMI)	2.1	8.8	25.5	-0.2	0.9	-5.0
Impedance of leg (left)	0.5	2.6	3.0	-1.4	-1.7	1.6
Leg predicted mass (left)	1.0	5.5	15.8	-0.5	0.6	-4.0
Trunk fat mass	2.6	11.3	31.3	-1.6	-0.1	-5.6
Waist circumference	1.9	7.0	20.6	-0.5	0.3	-4.5
Number of incorrect matches in round	0.5	0.8	2.2	0.4	1.5	0.2
Past tobacco smoking	6.2	11.4	23.4	2.1	2.5	4.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals	0.4	0.6	0.9	-0.7	0.6	1.0
Nervous feelings	0.6	1.2	3.2	1.8	0.2	0.6
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks	1.6	2.4	4.8	2.2	1.5	-0.4
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise	1.0	1.6	3.6	0.6	-0.9	-1.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2	2.0	2.6	6.4	-0.2	-2.5	-1.1
Had menopause	1.8	2.3	3.2	1.6	1.0	1.8
Had other major operations	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.8	0.6	-0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC)	0.2	0.8	1.6	-0.7	-1.3	0.6
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right)	0.4	1.0	1.8	-0.1	1.4	1.1
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week	1.1	1.4	2.4	-0.7	-1.5	-1.2
Qualifications: None of the above	0.6	1.3	3.6	-0.1	-1.9	-0.6
Financial difficulties in last 2 years	1.0	1.4	4.1	-0.0	-0.3	-2.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems	2.5	3.8	5.3	1.4	2.0	2.3
Heart attack	1.2	1.6	3.5	0.8	1.9	0.8
Allergy	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.3
Pain all over the body in last month	1.1	1.1	1.8	1.3	1.2	0.2
Diabetes (self-reported)	2.3	3.5	5.5	1.7	2.3	-1.5
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported)	1.0	1.3	3.6	-0.0	1.9	-0.5
Medication: Ramipril	0.6	0.8	2.1	-0.4	0.4	-1.4
Medication: Simvastatin	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.7	-0.3	0.3
Fluid intelligence score	0.5	1.1	2.0	1.4	1.0	-0.3
Illnesses of siblings	1.9	2.6	4.8	-2.2	1.7	-0.5
Neuroticism score	0.6	1.2	2.2	1.5	0.6	-1.1
Weight	2.0	9.8	28.2	-1.1	0.4	-5.3
Impedance of arm (right)	0.3	1.3	1.7	-0.9	-1.3	1.2
Arm fat percentage (right)	2.0	8.0	23.4	-0.8	0.0	-4.8
Trunk fat-free mass	0.5	3.1	8.8	-0.7	0.3	-3.0
Hip circumference	1.8	7.9	22.3	-0.1	1.1	-4.7
Time employed in main current job	0.4	0.4	0.7	-0.7	0.2	0.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously	0.5	0.7	2.0	1.4	-0.3	0.0
Father’s age at death	0.3	0.4	0.8	-0.9	0.7	-0.1
Worrier / anxious feelings	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.2	0.9
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks	0.7	1.1	3.0	1.7	0.6	-0.0
Falls in the last year	2.1	2.9	7.8	-0.6	-0.6	-2.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3	0.3	0.5	0.9	-0.7	-0.9	-0.4
Number of live births	0.4	0.5	1.6	0.0	-1.2	-0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1)	0.4	1.3	2.7	-1.0	-1.6	-0.5
Pulse rate	0.3	0.4	0.9	-0.9	-0.4	0.5
Happiness	1.6	1.9	5.1	0.2	2.3	0.8
Noisy workplace	2.0	2.4	4.8	-1.3	-2.2	-0.8
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent	3.6	8.0	11.0	2.7	2.4	3.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures	2.3	3.9	8.1	-1.7	-2.9	-0.8
Asthma	0.1	0.2	0.7	0.8	0.1	-0.1
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen)	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	-0.3	-0.5
Medication: Cholesterol lowering	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.0	0.4	-0.1
Depression (self-reported)	0.6	0.7	0.9	0.9	0.9	-0.8
Medication: Lansoprazole	1.4	1.6	4.0	-0.8	0.2	-2.0
Prospective memory result	0.3	0.4	0.7	-0.8	0.7	-0.2
Lung cancer (father)	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.1	-0.9	-0.4
Illnesses of mother	0.1	0.1	0.4	-0.0	0.0	0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure	0.3	0.9	2.1	-0.8	-1.5	-0.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index	1.8	2.1	5.3	-0.3	-2.3	1.0
Impedance of arm (left)	0.2	1.1	1.8	-1.0	-0.8	1.4
Arm fat mass (right)	2.3	9.5	27.5	-0.8	0.6	-5.2
Trunk predicted mass	0.5	3.0	8.6	-0.6	0.4	-2.9
Standing height	0.3	2.8	5.1	-2.2	-1.2	-1.4
Length of working week for main job	0.5	0.6	1.3	0.3	1.1	-0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home	0.3	0.3	0.8	-0.9	-0.2	0.2
Breastfed as a baby	0.7	0.9	1.5	0.4	0.9	1.2
Tense / ‘highly strung’	1.0	1.7	3.4	1.9	-0.6	1.1
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	1.4	2.1	4.6	2.1	-1.0	-0.9
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4	0.1	0.3	0.7	0.0	0.5	0.8
Birth weight of first child	0.8	1.4	3.1	-0.1	1.0	-1.8
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)	0.2	0.4	0.6	-0.4	-0.7	-0.8
Pulse wave reflection index	0.4	0.5	0.8	0.9	-0.7	-0.3
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.6	-0.8	0.1
Loud music exposure frequency	1.1	1.2	2.3	1.5	1.2	0.0
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent	0.7	1.0	2.4	0.8	0.3	1.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums	1.4	1.9	3.9	0.5	-1.2	-2.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT)	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7	-0.4	-0.4
Medication: Paracetamol	0.1	0.2	0.5	-0.0	-0.3	-0.7
Headache pain in last month	0.3	0.5	1.6	0.0	0.1	-1.3
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes	0.2	0.4	0.6	-0.8	-0.7	-0.3
Glaucoma (self-reported)	1.6	1.9	3.0	1.1	1.7	1.2
Gout (self-reported)	0.3	0.4	0.6	-0.8	-0.8	-0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported)	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.8	-0.6
Medication: Amlodipine	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	-0.5	-0.5
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.1	0.5	0.4
Birth weight	0.9	1.9	3.9	-0.6	-1.1	-2.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother)	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.5	-0.5	-0.5
High blood pressure (siblings)	2.9	4.1	9.5	3.1	-0.4	1.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure	0.3	1.1	2.0	-1.0	-1.4	0.7
Body fat percentage	2.4	9.5	26.8	-1.3	-0.2	-5.2
Leg fat percentage (right)	2.4	8.7	24.5	-0.9	-0.9	-5.0
Arm fat-free mass (right)	0.9	4.4	12.1	-0.8	0.7	-3.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home	0.5	0.7	1.3	-0.2	-0.9	-1.2
Comparative body size at age 10	1.9	5.2	15.1	0.1	0.7	-3.9
Number of full brothers	0.5	0.6	1.3	0.3	-1.1	-0.6
Worry too long after embarrassment	1.2	2.0	4.0	1.4	2.0	-0.4
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression	1.8	2.3	6.9	2.6	0.4	-0.2
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year	0.6	1.1	2.9	0.0	-0.7	-1.7
Number of children fathered	1.0	1.2	1.7	1.3	1.0	0.9
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution	0.3	0.3	0.6	-0.2	0.5	-0.8
Age at first live birth	3.4	6.0	11.1	0.3	2.6	3.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time	1.5	1.8	4.3	0.2	2.1	-1.0
Health satisfaction	0.6	0.7	2.1	-0.0	-0.2	-1.5
Shortness of breath walking on level ground	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	0.2
Qualifications: College or University degree	1.4	4.5	6.4	2.0	2.5	1.7
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above	1.6	1.8	4.7	-0.8	-2.2	0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth	3.7	4.4	6.8	-0.4	-2.5	-2.6
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis	2.6	3.0	6.0	-0.8	-2.4	-1.5
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn	0.5	0.9	1.3	-1.1	-0.6	1.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month	0.7	1.0	1.6	0.0	-1.3	1.2
Medication: Blood pressure	0.7	1.3	1.6	1.0	1.3	1.1
Angina (self-reported)	0.6	0.8	2.2	0.3	0.1	-1.5
Migraine (self-reported)	2.5	3.0	4.2	-2.0	-1.5	-1.6
Medication: Ibuprofen	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.3	-0.4
Medication: Allopurinol	0.3	0.4	0.8	-0.9	0.1	-0.6
Medication: Omeprazole	1.1	1.3	2.6	1.1	0.1	-1.6
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler	2.0	2.3	5.2	1.2	2.3	0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches	0.7	1.2	3.6	-0.4	-0.1	-1.9
Heart disease (mother)	0.7	0.8	1.7	0.5	0.6	-1.3
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.9
Whole body fat mass	2.6	10.8	30.7	-1.3	0.0	-5.5
Leg fat mass (right)	2.6	10.0	29.3	-0.8	-0.3	-5.4
Arm predicted mass (right)	1.0	5.3	14.4	-0.7	1.1	-3.8
Pulse rate, automated reading	0.3	0.9	1.3	-1.1	-0.9	-0.6
Alcohol intake frequency.	0.8	1.8	3.8	1.2	-0.5	2.0
Comparative height size at age 10	3.1	17.3	22.2	-4.1	-3.6	-4.7
Number of full sisters	0.6	0.7	2.0	0.2	0.0	-1.4
Suffer from ‘nerves’	1.0	1.5	2.0	1.4	1.1	1.2
Overall health rating	1.0	2.2	5.5	1.0	-0.2	-2.3
Chest pain or discomfort	0.7	1.1	3.0	0.1	-0.4	-1.7
Had major operations	0.6	0.7	2.1	1.4	0.2	-0.3
Age at last live birth	0.6	0.9	1.8	0.1	1.0	1.4
Family relationship satisfaction	0.5	0.6	1.1	-0.8	1.0	-0.1
Leg pain on walking	0.6	0.8	1.2	-1.1	-1.0	-0.5
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent	0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.3	-0.6	0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle	0.2	0.3	0.8	-0.9	-0.0	0.1
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years	0.4	0.5	0.8	-0.9	0.8	0.1
Medication: Aspirin	2.5	3.3	4.3	2.1	1.9	1.4
Supplements: Vitamin C	0.6	0.7	1.6	0.1	1.3	0.6
Knee pain experienced in last month	0.9	1.4	3.2	-0.7	-1.8	-0.7
Hypertension (Self-reported)	0.2	0.7	1.2	0.9	-1.1	-0.1
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported)	0.5	0.6	1.8	1.3	0.3	-0.0
Illnesses of father: Heart disease	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.6	-0.7	-0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5	-0.1	0.2
Smoking status: Previous	2.4	3.7	8.1	-0.7	-1.6	-2.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted	0.1	0.2	0.3	-0.5	-0.5	-0.1
Whole body fat-free mass	0.7	4.3	12.1	-0.7	0.5	-3.5
Leg fat-free mass (right)	0.9	4.8	13.4	-0.7	0.8	-3.7
Arm fat percentage (left)	2.1	8.2	23.5	-1.0	0.4	-4.8
Average weekly red wine intake	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.7
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed	0.6	0.7	1.6	-1.3	0.4	-0.6
Mood swings	0.6	1.1	1.6	1.3	0.1	-1.3
Loneliness, isolation	0.4	0.6	1.3	1.1	0.7	0.3
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity	0.9	1.4	3.2	1.0	-0.4	-1.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening	1.9	2.2	3.5	1.9	-0.5	1.7
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor	1.4	2.3	3.6	1.8	1.9	-0.5
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination	0.5	0.6	1.4	0.5	-0.4	-1.2
Friendships satisfaction	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching	0.6	1.0	1.6	1.0	0.6	1.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk	0.7	0.8	1.6	1.3	0.6	0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract	2.6	3.0	5.0	2.2	2.0	0.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.2	0.3	-0.0
Medication for cholesterol	0.8	1.2	3.0	-1.7	-0.8	-0.4
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot)	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.5	-0.2
Back pain experienced in last month	1.0	1.4	3.3	0.2	-1.0	-1.8
Mineral and other dietary supplements	1.4	1.8	3.4	-0.6	1.3	-1.9
Breast cancer (self-reported)	1.1	1.4	3.4	-0.7	0.5	-1.9
Asthma (self-reported)	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.6	-0.4	-0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported)	0.8	1.0	1.7	1.3	0.2	1.1
Osteoarthritis (self-reported)	1.8	2.4	6.6	-0.4	-0.5	-2.6
Medication: Aspirin	1.6	2.1	3.0	1.7	1.5	1.0
Medication: Gliclazide	1.7	1.9	2.7	1.6	-0.9	1.5
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1)	0.6	0.7	1.6	0.0	0.7	1.3
Smoking status: Current	5.8	9.1	13.2	-2.9	-2.4	-3.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.1	-0.8	-0.5
Whole body water mass	0.8	4.3	12.2	-0.7	0.5	-3.5
Leg predicted mass (right)	0.9	4.9	13.5	-0.6	0.8	-3.7
Arm fat mass (left)	2.5	10.2	29.3	-1.0	0.6	-5.4
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses	0.6	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.0	-0.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake	0.7	1.0	2.8	0.5	1.7	-0.2
Miserableness	0.8	1.3	2.4	1.5	0.8	-1.0
Guilty feelings	0.9	1.4	4.0	0.2	0.1	-2.0
Wears glasses or contact lenses	0.4	0.5	1.0	0.6	-1.0	0.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill	1.1	1.2	1.4	-1.2	-1.1	1.0
Hearing aid user	2.1	2.3	3.4	-1.4	-1.8	-1.3
Mother’s age at death	2.2	2.8	5.1	1.2	1.3	2.3
Financial situation satisfaction	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.4
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time	0.2	0.2	0.4	-0.2	-0.7	0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport	0.4	0.5	0.8	0.6	-0.9	-0.3
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma	3.4	4.0	6.4	1.7	2.5	1.7
Medication: Blood pressure	0.5	0.9	1.6	1.0	-0.4	-1.3
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain	1.5	1.9	4.2	-0.1	-1.2	-2.1
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil)	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.0	-0.8	0.5
High cholesterol (Self-reported)	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.9	-0.2	-0.3
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide	0.6	0.9	1.8	0.9	-1.4	-0.4
Medication: Paracetamol	0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.1	-0.3	-0.6
Medication: Lisinopril	2.4	3.1	3.6	1.4	1.9	1.9
Medication: Atorvastatin	1.9	2.3	5.7	2.4	0.6	-1.0
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure	0.4	0.5	1.3	-0.3	-0.5	-1.1
Alcohol drinker status: Never	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.2
Ever smoked	8.1	14.3	27.5	-2.9	-2.6	-5.2
Basal metabolic rate	1.1	6.0	17.1	-0.8	0.5	-4.1
Leg fat percentage (left)	2.2	8.0	22.9	-1.0	-0.4	-4.8
Arm fat-free mass (left)	0.9	4.4	12.5	-0.5	0.7	-3.5
Number of operations (self-reported)	1.1	1.7	2.1	1.1	1.3	-1.5
Average weekly beer plus cider intake	1.0	1.5	2.8	1.7	0.5	-1.2
Irritability	1.5	2.6	5.1	2.3	0.4	-1.6
Risk taking	1.1	1.6	4.3	-0.0	0.6	-2.1
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test	1.2	1.4	2.8	0.3	1.2	1.7
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years	0.7	0.9	2.4	1.6	0.4	-0.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill	0.4	0.5	0.7	-0.9	-0.4	0.7
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading	0.6	2.0	4.6	-0.4	-1.1	-2.1
Ever depressed for a whole week	1.2	1.4	3.5	0.2	-1.9	-0.9
Unable to work because of sickness or disability	0.7	0.9	1.1	1.0	-0.7	-1.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle	1.1	1.3	2.4	1.6	1.2	-0.1
Myopia	0.6	0.8	1.3	1.1	-1.1	0.2
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor	0.1	0.3	0.8	-0.2	0.9	0.2
Cholesterol lowering medication	1.2	1.8	5.4	2.3	0.3	0.1
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol)	0.6	0.7	1.2	0.9	-0.3	-1.1
Pain experienced in last month	2.0	3.3	6.5	1.5	1.1	2.5
Supplements: Calcium	2.2	2.4	3.7	1.9	1.1	1.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported)	0.6	0.7	1.3	0.8	0.2	1.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported)	0.8	1.1	2.8	0.5	1.7	0.4
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported)	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.0	-0.3	-0.2
Heart disease (siblings)	2.5	3.1	4.7	-0.8	-2.0	-2.2
Alcohol drinker status: Previous	1.2	1.4	2.0	-0.7	-1.4	-1.3
Pack years of smoking	1.6	2.4	3.4	-0.9	-1.7	-1.8
Impedance of whole body	0.4	1.9	2.9	-1.1	-1.3	1.7
Leg fat mass (left)	2.5	9.6	28.2	-0.8	-0.2	-5.3
Arm predicted mass (left)	0.9	4.8	13.8	-0.6	0.6	-3.7