Hub : Genes

PHLDB1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere 0.2750 0.1070 0.0060 -0.002 NA 0.084 NA 0.048 3.6e-01 NA 3.7e-03 NA 2.3e-02
2 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.3220 0.1160 0.0022 0.166 NA 0.128 NA 0.201 1.2e-05 NA 1.3e-04 NA 1.4e-06
3 ROSMAP Brain Pre-frontal Cortex 0.0478 0.0266 0.0220 -0.002 0.007 -0.001 0.008 -0.002 9.6e-01 4.2e-02 4.4e-01 0.03 9.6e-01
4 TCGA Brain Lower Grade Glioma 0.1518 0.0528 0.0000 0.106 0.150 0.160 NA 0.169 5.2e-12 1.0e-16 8.7e-18 NA 9.3e-19

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.8 2.9 6.1 -2.5 -0.7 2.2 0.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 3.7 9.1 16.9 -4.1 -1.5 4.0 1.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 3.1 6.5 13.2 -1.6 -2.3 3.6 2.2
Depression (Nagel 2018) 4.4 6.6 14.0 -2.6 -1.7 3.7 1.7
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.5 1.4 4.8 -0.5 0.0 -2.2 0.7
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 3.7 8.7 11.1 -2.5 -3.0 3.3 2.9
Schizophrenia (2018) 3.3 6.8 12.7 -3.6 -1.4 3.3 1.1
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.2 0.1 1.3 -0.0
Worry (Nagel 2018) 2.4 5.1 6.3 -2.0 -2.5 2.0 2.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.5
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 2.6 2.8 7.3 2.7 1.3 -1.2 -0.9
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.8 1.2 3.3 1.8 -0.0 -1.1 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 0.5 1.1 3.7 -0.3 0.7 -1.9 -0.2
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 0.5 1.2 2.9 0.6 1.0 -1.7 -0.7
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.9 -1.1 -0.8
Major Depression (MDD) 2.5 3.0 3.6 -1.6 -1.6 1.9 1.8
Reaction Time 0.3 0.5 1.4 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.1
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.2 0.5 1.4 0.2 0.4 -1.2 0.5
Breast Cancer 0.8 2.0 2.8 1.4 1.1 -1.7 -1.4
Ovarian Cancer 1.5 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.4 -1.1 -1.5
Prostate Cancer 2.9 4.1 7.7 -0.5 -2.8 1.1 2.6
Age at First Birth 0.5 0.8 2.8 -1.7 0.3 0.1 -0.5
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.3 -0.4 -0.6
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.6 2.2 3.6 1.7 1.5 0.2 -1.9
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.1 -0.3
Crohns Disease (2012) 0.6 1.0 2.8 -0.9 -0.1 -1.7 0.8
Mean Putamen Volume 0.5 0.5 1.9 -0.4 0.1 1.4 -0.1
Fasting Glucose 1.3 1.6 2.8 1.1 1.1 -1.7 -1.1
HbA1C 0.9 1.0 3.1 0.1 0.8 -1.8 -0.5
HDL Cholesterol 0.6 0.9 1.8 -0.9 -1.0 0.3 1.3
LDL Cholesterol 3.9 6.2 8.4 -2.5 -2.9 2.0 2.5
Lupus 0.7 1.1 2.2 -0.0 -1.5 1.0 1.1
Neuroticism (2016) 2.0 2.9 6.0 -1.3 -1.5 2.5 1.3
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 7.6 10.8 15.7 -3.3 -3.4 2.3 4.0
Rheumatoid Arthritis 7.8 10.7 19.2 -1.2 -3.6 3.0 4.4
Schizophrenia (2014) 3.5 7.7 15.3 -3.6 -1.2 3.9 0.9
Triglycerides 0.9 1.5 5.3 -0.2 -0.3 2.3 -0.6
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2
Ulcerative Colitis 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.0 -0.8 0.4
Blood Eosinophil Count 2.2 16.9 25.5 3.0 5.0 -3.2 -4.7
Blood Platelet Count 1.5 17.1 25.0 -4.2 -5.0 2.2 4.5
Blood Red Count 0.3 2.7 8.5 -0.7 0.6 -2.9 -1.2
Blood White Count 1.6 11.8 30.0 -2.5 -2.4 5.5 2.3
Heel T-Score 9.5 75.7 125.4 -7.8 -11.2 3.5 10.2
BMI 1.5 8.6 23.3 4.8 2.6 -0.8 -2.0
Height 0.3 5.7 15.9 -4.0 -1.5 -1.3 1.7
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.3 1.4 2.9 1.7 -0.7 -1.0 1.1
Systolic Blood Pressure 1.0 4.8 9.3 0.9 2.7 -1.4 -3.0
Smoking Status 1.2 2.8 6.2 -0.8 -2.0 0.6 2.5
Allergy or Eczema 1.1 2.8 5.4 -2.2 -0.2 2.3 1.1
Cardiovascular Disease 0.5 1.5 2.7 -0.5 1.3 1.2 -1.6
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.6 1.3 3.5 -0.8 -0.9 1.9 0.5
Respiratory disease 4.0 9.0 10.9 -2.9 -3.1 2.6 3.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.3 0.5 1.1 -0.7 -0.4 -1.0 0.4
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 1.4 6.9 13.6 -1.2 -3.7 1.4 3.3
Lung FVC 2.5 12.7 17.9 2.5 4.2 -3.4 -3.9
Neuroticism 3.6 8.8 13.5 -2.2 -2.9 3.7 2.9
Chronotype (morning person) 0.3 0.6 1.3 -0.5 0.9 -0.0 -1.2
Hair Pigment 0.1 2.1 7.8 0.8 -0.4 2.8 -0.1
Tanning 0.1 1.0 2.2 -1.5 -0.0 1.1 -0.7
Hand grip strength (left) 1.7 4.6 10.7 -0.6 -2.7 -0.2 3.3
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.4 0.7 1.3 -0.6 -0.8 1.2 0.5
Average weekly spirits intake 1.7 2.2 3.0 0.8 1.4 -1.7 -1.7
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 3.1 5.3 6.4 -2.4 -2.3 2.5 2.0
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 3.2 4.4 5.4 -1.8 -2.0 2.3 2.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 16.9 25.8 42.0 -3.7 -6.5 4.0 5.6
Relative age of first facial hair 3.3 6.8 8.1 -2.9 -2.3 2.8 2.4
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 0.6 0.8 1.7 0.5 -1.0 0.4 1.3
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 3.1 3.9 7.2 -1.6 -2.7 0.6 2.4
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 1.0 2.9 5.5 1.0 2.2 -0.7 -2.3
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 1.1 1.2 2.8 -0.3 0.8 -1.7 -1.1
Angina 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.8 0.7 0.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.8 0.9 2.3 -0.3 -0.7 -1.5 0.8
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.8 1.1 4.0 2.0 0.4 0.4 -0.5
Supplements: Zinc 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.1 -1.0 0.8 0.7
Medication: Co-codamol 0.2 0.3 0.9 1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.0
Medication: Metformin 0.6 0.9 2.5 -1.6 -0.7 0.1 0.8
Diabetes (father) 1.9 2.3 3.1 1.6 -1.5 -1.2 1.8
Diabetes (mother) 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.4 0.1 0.1 -0.3
Severe depression (siblings) 0.6 0.7 1.3 -0.5 -0.6 1.2 1.0
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.3 1.9 3.1 0.5 -1.4 1.8 1.6
Impedance of leg (right) 2.0 9.7 19.6 -4.4 -3.2 -0.2 3.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 1.2 6.4 12.4 3.5 2.9 -1.5 -1.6
Trunk fat percentage 0.8 3.2 10.6 3.2 1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Hand grip strength (right) 2.6 7.1 14.3 -1.7 -3.3 0.3 3.8
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 1.0 1.4 3.9 1.1 0.6 -2.0 -0.2
Current tobacco smoking 1.7 2.8 6.1 -0.7 -2.0 0.7 2.5
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.1 1.3 2.7 -0.5 -1.6 -0.7 1.4
Maternal smoking around birth 0.6 0.9 2.9 -0.5 -0.7 1.7 0.3
Fed-up feelings 1.7 3.1 5.4 0.4 -2.3 1.6 2.1
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 4.5 6.0 8.4 -2.2 -2.4 2.9 2.3
Relative age voice broke 2.7 4.2 8.3 -2.0 -1.5 2.9 1.5
Taking other prescription medications 1.6 2.5 3.9 -1.5 -1.4 2.0 1.3
Age when periods started (menarche) 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 -0.6 -0.4
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.5 0.6 1.5 1.2 0.5 -0.7 0.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 3.3 7.4 13.6 -1.4 -3.7 0.7 3.7
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.4 0.8 -1.3 -1.0
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.6
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.0 1.2 2.2 -0.7 -1.2 0.9 1.5
High blood pressure 0.3 0.9 2.4 0.1 1.2 0.1 -1.6
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.6 1.2 2.9 -1.7 -0.4 0.9 1.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.1
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.8
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.7 0.9 2.2 -1.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.2
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.3 0.1 1.1 -0.4 -0.8
Medication: Atenolol 0.8 1.1 3.9 -0.2 0.2 -2.0 -0.5
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 1.2 2.1 6.0 -1.1 -1.0 2.4 0.4
Sitting height 0.6 4.0 12.4 -0.8 1.8 -3.5 -0.0
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.4 0.4 1.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.0 1.1
High blood pressure (mother) 1.3 1.8 2.9 1.7 0.9 -1.6 -0.8
Body mass index (BMI) 1.7 7.1 21.5 4.6 2.2 -0.3 -1.4
Impedance of leg (left) 1.8 8.8 17.0 -4.1 -3.1 -0.1 3.0
Leg predicted mass (left) 1.2 6.5 12.4 3.5 2.9 -1.5 -1.6
Trunk fat mass 0.9 4.0 11.3 3.4 1.6 -1.1 -0.8
Waist circumference 1.0 3.6 11.0 3.3 1.6 -0.4 -0.9
Number of incorrect matches in round 0.8 1.3 3.1 -0.9 -0.9 1.8 0.6
Past tobacco smoking 0.4 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.1 0.7 -0.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3
Nervous feelings 1.1 2.0 3.3 -1.3 -1.8 0.2 1.7
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 2.2 3.4 5.1 -1.5 -1.5 2.2 2.0
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 7.1 11.3 19.1 -2.0 -4.4 2.5 4.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 3.1 4.0 4.7 -2.0 -1.9 2.2 1.9
Had menopause 2.0 2.5 6.7 -2.6 -1.4 0.1 1.2
Had other major operations 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.8 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 4.0 15.5 24.6 2.7 4.4 -5.0 -3.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 3.4 7.7 15.2 -1.3 -3.7 0.2 3.9
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.9 1.1 2.7 0.5 0.9 1.7 -0.8
Qualifications: None of the above 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.7 0.8 0.2
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 3.3 4.5 9.7 -1.7 -1.5 3.1 1.8
Mouth/teeth dental problems 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.1 1.1 0.3 -0.8
Heart attack 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.5 -0.5
Allergy 0.8 1.9 4.4 2.1 0.6 -0.9 -1.4
Pain all over the body in last month 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.4
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.2 0.4 1.4 0.0 -0.2 -1.2 0.1
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.8 1.1 3.1 -1.8 -0.5 0.8 0.6
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 0.8 2.2 0.2 -1.0 1.5 0.4
Medication: Simvastatin 1.3 1.9 3.0 -1.1 -1.5 1.7 1.0
Fluid intelligence score 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.6
Illnesses of siblings 1.4 1.9 2.5 1.4 1.4 -1.6 -1.2
Neuroticism score 3.9 8.1 10.8 -2.0 -3.3 2.7 3.3
Weight 1.0 4.7 10.2 3.2 2.3 -1.6 -1.0
Impedance of arm (right) 0.6 2.8 6.1 -2.5 -1.9 -0.5 1.0
Arm fat percentage (right) 1.4 5.7 16.4 4.0 1.8 -0.7 -1.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.5 2.8 4.8 1.6 2.2 -1.9 -0.3
Hip circumference 0.7 3.0 6.8 2.6 1.9 -0.8 -1.0
Time employed in main current job 1.6 1.9 3.2 -0.3 1.8 -1.1 -1.8
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 1.5 2.2 4.0 1.0 1.4 -2.0 -1.5
Father’s age at death 0.5 0.7 1.5 0.8 1.2 -0.0 -0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.5 1.0 1.9 -1.4 -0.9 -0.3 1.0
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.7 1.2 2.2 -0.6 -1.2 0.9 1.5
Falls in the last year 0.5 0.7 1.7 0.9 -0.3 -1.3 -0.0
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.6 0.8 2.3 -0.1 0.6 -1.5 -0.8
Number of live births 3.2 4.5 6.9 -1.5 -2.2 2.1 2.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 2.8 9.5 17.4 2.2 3.2 -4.2 -2.4
Pulse rate 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.2
Happiness 1.3 1.5 4.3 -2.1 0.4 1.3 -0.0
Noisy workplace 1.4 1.7 2.6 0.0 -1.4 1.6 1.5
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.8 1.9 3.4 -0.1 1.4 -1.8 -1.4
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.1 -0.9 0.6
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.7 0.2
Asthma 1.0 1.9 3.1 -1.8 -0.8 0.9 1.8
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 1.0 1.3 3.4 -1.8 0.8 -0.2 -1.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 1.3 2.1 5.3 -1.2 -1.1 2.3 0.7
Depression (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.3 1.0 0.2
Medication: Lansoprazole 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.3 0.3
Prospective memory result 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 -0.5 0.1 0.0
Lung cancer (father) 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.0
Illnesses of mother 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.1
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 1.9 6.0 9.2 1.9 2.8 -3.0 -1.8
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 3.2 3.7 6.6 1.3 2.5 -0.1 -2.6
Impedance of arm (left) 0.5 2.2 6.3 -2.5 -1.4 -0.8 0.2
Arm fat mass (right) 1.8 7.3 18.3 4.3 2.5 -1.3 -1.7
Trunk predicted mass 0.5 2.8 4.8 1.6 2.2 -1.9 -0.3
Standing height 0.4 3.8 9.5 -2.0 1.0 -3.1 0.5
Length of working week for main job 1.4 1.5 2.4 -1.1 -1.5 0.2 1.5
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.5 -0.3 -0.5
Breastfed as a baby 0.6 0.8 1.2 -1.0 -1.0 0.3 1.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 3.3 5.4 7.3 -0.9 -2.7 2.6 2.6
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 3.1 4.8 6.7 -2.0 -1.8 2.6 2.2
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.0
Birth weight of first child 0.9 1.7 4.8 0.1 1.0 -2.2 -0.9
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.2 0.5 1.7 0.3 -0.2 -1.3 0.4
Pulse wave reflection index 1.9 2.4 4.4 1.4 1.7 0.4 -2.1
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 0.9 1.0 1.7 0.8 1.3 -0.8 -1.1
Loud music exposure frequency 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 -0.3 0.9 0.3
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.3 0.5 1.1 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6 0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 1.4 1.9 3.5 -1.9 -1.2 -1.2 1.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.4 1.8 4.8 1.2 0.9 -2.2 -0.6
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.9 -0.4 0.8 0.1
Headache pain in last month 1.0 1.7 3.1 -1.2 -1.8 0.6 1.4
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.3 0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.3 -1.1 0.7
Glaucoma (self-reported) 0.8 0.9 1.9 -1.4 0.8 -0.4 -0.9
Gout (self-reported) 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 1.4 2.7 5.8 -1.0 -1.7 2.4 1.1
Medication: Amlodipine 0.8 1.1 2.9 -1.1 -0.4 1.7 0.1
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.0 2.6 4.6 -1.7 -1.2 1.2 2.1
Birth weight 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.2
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.2
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.9 1.3 2.8 -1.7 -1.2 0.4 0.9
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 3.0 10.8 15.8 2.1 4.0 -4.0 -2.7
Body fat percentage 0.7 2.9 10.7 3.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.5 1.7 5.8 2.4 -0.3 0.6 0.9
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.6 2.9 5.5 1.8 2.4 -1.6 -0.6
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.5 2.0 2.4 1.5 1.4 -1.3 -1.6
Comparative body size at age 10 1.1 3.0 4.7 2.2 1.6 -1.3 -1.7
Number of full brothers 3.9 5.0 9.0 -1.5 -2.2 3.0 1.9
Worry too long after embarrassment 3.2 5.3 9.6 -1.7 -3.1 0.3 3.0
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.5 1.9 6.5 -1.0 -0.4 2.5 0.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.8 5.0 6.2 -2.5 -2.0 2.3 2.1
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.3 0.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.9 0.0
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.4 0.9 0.4
Age at first live birth 1.8 3.1 5.4 0.8 2.3 -1.1 -2.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 3.7 4.3 7.3 -1.8 -2.6 -0.1 2.7
Health satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.6 -0.1 -0.4 1.3 0.4
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.8 0.4 -0.8
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 1.9 4.4 -0.8 1.0 -2.1 -1.3
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 1.6 1.8 5.5 0.2 -0.8 2.3 1.1
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.2 0.2 0.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.0 0.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 1.2 1.3 3.2 -1.8 0.0 1.5 -0.1
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 1.1
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.6 2.3 5.2 -0.7 -1.8 0.5 2.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.0 0.7 1.0 -0.5
Angina (self-reported) 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.6 0.1
Migraine (self-reported) 1.7 2.1 4.7 -0.5 -2.2 -0.1 1.8
Medication: Ibuprofen 1.2 1.4 2.4 -1.5 1.3 0.0 -1.4
Medication: Allopurinol 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.1
Medication: Omeprazole 2.5 2.9 4.9 0.8 -2.1 1.4 2.2
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 1.8 2.1 2.6 -1.0 -1.5 1.6 1.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.5 1.0 2.3 -1.5 -1.2 -0.1 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.9 1.1 1.9 -0.4 -1.1 1.4 1.0
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.0 1.2 0.4 -1.0
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.3 12.5 3.5 1.8 -0.9 -0.9
Leg fat mass (right) 1.0 3.8 12.5 3.5 1.5 -0.5 -0.5
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.7 3.5 5.9 2.2 2.4 -1.7 -0.7
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.1 0.6 -1.1 0.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.9 2.2 2.8 1.7 1.7 -1.0 -1.4
Comparative height size at age 10 0.3 1.4 5.1 -0.5 0.3 -2.2 0.6
Number of full sisters 2.1 2.5 3.5 -1.6 -1.9 0.8 1.9
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.6 0.9 2.4 -1.5 -0.3 -0.9 0.6
Overall health rating 0.5 1.1 1.5 -0.4 -1.0 1.2 1.2
Chest pain or discomfort 0.9 1.2 4.6 -2.1 -0.5 -0.3 0.2
Had major operations 0.8 0.9 1.5 -0.6 -1.2 1.0 0.8
Age at last live birth 0.8 1.2 2.1 0.2 1.5 -0.8 -1.4
Family relationship satisfaction 1.4 1.7 3.7 -1.9 0.4 1.7 -0.5
Leg pain on walking 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.2
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.5 1.8 5.9 -0.8 -0.2 2.4 0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.4 0.2 -1.3 -0.8
Medication: Aspirin 1.0 1.3 2.8 1.7 0.7 -0.7 -1.2
Supplements: Vitamin C 2.6 3.1 7.4 -2.7 -1.8 -0.5 1.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 1.0 1.6 3.3 -0.3 1.4 1.1 -1.8
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.2 0.5 0.8 -0.7 0.4 0.5 -0.9
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 0.7 0.8 1.6 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 1.3 1.8 3.6 1.9 0.6 -1.5 -1.0
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 1.1 1.4 2.8 -1.5 -0.3 1.7 0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.4 -1.1 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.8 1.8 5.0 0.1 1.4 -2.2 0.2
Whole body fat-free mass 0.7 4.0 6.3 2.4 2.5 -1.7 -0.8
Leg fat-free mass (right) 1.2 6.4 12.4 3.5 2.9 -1.6 -1.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 1.4 5.7 16.6 4.1 1.8 -0.7 -1.6
Average weekly red wine intake 1.3 1.9 3.8 -0.1 -1.9 0.7 1.9
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.7 0.8 3.1 0.2 -0.2 1.8 -0.0
Mood swings 0.6 1.2 2.9 -0.2 -1.0 1.7 0.9
Loneliness, isolation 3.4 4.7 6.7 -1.9 -2.1 2.6 2.1
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 2.9 4.4 8.5 -0.9 -2.4 1.5 2.9
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.9 1.1 2.4 -1.6 1.0 0.1 -1.0
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.4 0.6 0.9 -0.8 -1.0 0.1 0.9
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.5 0.2 0.9 -0.4
Friendships satisfaction 2.2 2.7 4.5 -2.1 -1.5 1.8 1.1
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.5 1.7 -1.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.2
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 3.7 4.0 9.2 1.0 1.9 -3.0 -1.5
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 0.7 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 -0.6 -1.0
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 1.3 2.1 5.2 -0.4 -2.3 0.6 1.6
Medication for cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.0 0.5 0.7 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 1.6 1.9 5.2 -0.2 1.4 -0.4 -2.3
Back pain experienced in last month 2.5 3.6 4.4 -1.7 -1.8 2.0 2.1
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.9 1.2 4.5 2.1 0.5 0.5 0.1
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 1.5 -0.7 -0.9 0.1 1.2
Asthma (self-reported) 1.7 3.3 5.5 -2.1 -1.4 1.2 2.4
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 1.1 1.4 2.9 -0.4 1.3 0.8 -1.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 1.1 1.5 2.5 -1.3 -1.1 1.6 0.7
Medication: Aspirin 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.2 0.6 -0.7 -1.3
Medication: Gliclazide 0.8 0.9 1.4 -0.9 1.2 -0.4 -1.1
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 1.9 2.4 7.5 -2.7 -0.1 1.4 -0.3
Smoking status: Current 2.0 3.2 7.0 -0.8 -2.2 0.5 2.7
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 2.7 5.6 7.8 2.3 2.4 -2.8 -1.8
Whole body water mass 0.7 4.3 6.8 2.5 2.6 -1.8 -0.9
Leg predicted mass (right) 1.2 6.4 12.2 3.5 2.9 -1.5 -1.6
Arm fat mass (left) 1.8 7.3 19.3 4.4 2.5 -1.2 -1.6
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 1.4 2.5 4.1 -1.5 -2.0 0.8 1.7
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 3.5 4.8 7.4 1.6 2.7 -1.9 -2.4
Miserableness 1.0 1.7 2.7 -0.4 -1.3 1.5 1.6
Guilty feelings 0.9 1.4 2.2 -0.2 -1.4 1.2 1.5
Wears glasses or contact lenses 1.0 1.1 3.5 -1.0 -0.1 1.9 -0.3
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.7 -0.8
Hearing aid user 5.7 6.4 10.0 -1.8 -3.2 2.0 2.9
Mother’s age at death 0.9 1.1 2.8 -1.7 0.6 -0.3 -1.1
Financial situation satisfaction 0.4 0.4 0.7 -0.8 -0.4 0.8 0.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 5.6 6.5 11.9 -1.1 -3.3 1.5 3.5
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 3.4 4.1 7.2 0.1 2.3 -2.7 -1.9
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 0.5 0.6 0.7 -0.8 0.9 -0.8 -0.6
Medication: Blood pressure 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.2 -0.0 -0.1
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.7
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.5 0.6 0.9 -0.9 -0.9 -0.8 0.4
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 1.5 2.6 5.9 -1.5 -1.3 2.4 0.7
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 0.5 0.8 2.7 1.6 -0.3 0.7 0.3
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.7 1.2 -1.1 0.2 1.1 -0.5
Medication: Lisinopril 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.5 -0.4
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.7 0.0 0.4
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.6
Alcohol drinker status: Never 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.8 -0.1 -1.1 0.4
Ever smoked 1.7 2.9 4.8 -1.8 -2.2 -0.1 1.9
Basal metabolic rate 0.9 4.7 8.2 2.9 2.6 -1.8 -0.9
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.5 1.9 6.5 2.5 -0.1 0.7 0.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.7 3.4 6.3 2.1 2.5 -1.6 -0.6
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.3
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.3 1.1 0.2 -0.8
Irritability 0.9 1.5 2.6 -1.0 -1.6 0.8 1.3
Risk taking 0.9 1.2 3.5 -0.9 -0.7 1.9 0.5
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.5 0.5 0.2
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.1 1.4 0.5 -0.9
Age started oral contraceptive pill 0.6 0.7 2.1 -1.5 0.7 -0.0 -0.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.2 -1.0 0.2
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.1 1.4 3.2 -1.5 -0.3 1.8 0.3
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.4 1.8 3.4 0.7 -1.8 0.3 1.8
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.5
Myopia 1.0 1.5 2.9 -0.2 1.7 0.0 -1.7
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.7 1.7 -0.2 -1.0 -0.6 1.3
Cholesterol lowering medication 1.1 1.6 2.8 -1.3 -1.1 1.7 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.2 2.6 3.8 0.6 -1.8 1.8 2.0
Pain experienced in last month 0.5 0.8 1.2 0.4 -1.0 -1.1 0.9
Supplements: Calcium 0.5 0.5 0.8 -0.7 -0.9 0.7 0.6
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.5 0.6 1.8 -1.3 -0.8 0.1 0.1
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.6 -0.6
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.5 1.9 5.1 1.2 0.8 -2.2 -0.7
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 -0.5
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 1.1 1.2 2.0 -1.4 -0.5 1.4 0.8
Pack years of smoking 1.3 1.9 3.9 0.5 -1.3 2.0 1.4
Impedance of whole body 1.0 5.3 12.4 -3.5 -2.4 -0.3 1.7
Leg fat mass (left) 0.9 3.6 12.0 3.5 1.5 -0.3 -0.5
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.7 3.3 5.6 2.1 2.4 -1.8 -0.4