Hub : Genes

PKIA

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Cells Transformed fibroblasts 0.3920 0.0580 0.0e+00 0.345 NA 0.407 NA 0.398 8.9e-27 NA 1.4e-32 NA 1.2e-31
2 GTEx Uterus 0.3600 0.1340 6.2e-03 -0.013 NA -0.013 NA -0.013 7.4e-01 NA 7.3e-01 NA 7.1e-01
3 GTEx Whole Blood 0.1120 0.0340 3.4e-05 0.056 NA 0.066 NA 0.074 6.2e-06 NA 9.9e-07 NA 2.4e-07
4 YFS Blood 0.2896 0.0378 0.0e+00 0.355 0.375 0.394 0.39 0.385 1.6e-122 5.2e-131 1.4e-139 1.3e-137 1.3e-135
5 TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 0.0453 0.0205 3.4e-06 0.044 0.046 0.045 NA 0.039 1.0e-05 5.6e-06 7.9e-06 NA 2.8e-05
6 TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma 0.0340 0.0199 4.9e-03 0.000 0.013 0.008 NA 0.000 2.9e-01 1.1e-02 3.6e-02 NA 3.0e-01

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 1.3 2.0 4.6 1.4 -0.7 2.1 1.6 1.2 1.0
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.7 1.7 3.1 1.1 -0.7 1.7 1.8 0.9 1.2
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.1 -0.7 1.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.0
Depression (Nagel 2018) 0.9 1.3 2.2 -1.0 -1.1 1.2 -1.3 -1.5 -0.2
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 0.6 1.9 2.6 1.3 -1.0 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.5
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.3 -0.4 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.9
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.1
Worry (Nagel 2018) 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.1 -0.3
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 1.1 1.3 3.9 0.0 -0.7 -2.0 -0.3 -0.3 -1.8
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.3 -1.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.7
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.7 1.0 3.5 0.4 -1.9 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 -1.2
Crohns Disease (2017) 1.9 4.1 8.1 2.4 -0.8 0.5 2.4 2.8 1.9
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.2 5.2 8.2 2.6 -1.3 0.8 2.8 2.9 2.4
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.4 2.7 4.5 2.0 -1.1 0.8 2.1 1.8 1.6
Major Depression (MDD) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.2
Reaction Time 0.5 0.9 1.9 1.3 0.6 0.1 1.4 0.9 0.9
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 0.4 1.0 2.2 1.1 -0.0 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.0
Breast Cancer 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.7 -1.1 -0.6 0.9 0.5 0.6
Ovarian Cancer 0.5 0.6 1.9 0.6 -0.1 1.4 0.8 0.6 0.5
Prostate Cancer 0.7 1.0 2.2 -0.7 -1.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.1 -0.5
Age at First Birth 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.3 1.4 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.3
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 1.6 1.6 6.5 1.1 -0.6 2.5 1.1 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.7 -0.1 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.8
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1.4 1.7 5.3 0.0 1.1 2.3 0.6 0.4 1.8
Crohns Disease (2012) 1.0 1.6 3.8 1.3 0.0 -0.4 1.5 2.0 1.3
Mean Putamen Volume 0.4 0.5 0.8 -0.8 0.4 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9
Fasting Glucose 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.2
HbA1C 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.2 0.6
HDL Cholesterol 0.5 0.8 1.7 1.3 -1.0 0.9 1.1 0.5 -0.1
LDL Cholesterol 0.2 0.4 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 1.0
Lupus 2.4 3.6 6.9 -1.4 -2.4 -1.1 -1.8 -1.7 -2.6
Neuroticism (2016) 0.6 0.8 1.8 -0.5 0.2 -1.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.3
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 0.0 -0.0 0.1 -0.9 -0.8
Rheumatoid Arthritis 0.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.0
Schizophrenia (2014) 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.5
Triglycerides 0.7 1.1 3.0 -1.2 1.7 0.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 0.9 1.0 2.1 -1.4 0.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -0.3
Ulcerative Colitis 1.4 2.1 3.6 1.8 -1.1 0.2 1.9 1.6 1.2
Blood Eosinophil Count 0.3 2.2 7.1 -0.2 2.2 2.7 -0.5 -0.2 0.8
Blood Platelet Count 0.2 2.3 5.6 -2.4 1.2 -0.9 -2.1 -1.1 -0.6
Blood Red Count 0.4 3.6 7.3 -2.3 -0.2 -1.5 -2.7 -1.7 -1.9
Blood White Count 3.0 22.2 39.4 -4.8 -0.1 -3.2 -5.7 -5.3 -6.3
Heel T-Score 0.2 1.7 5.1 -0.8 0.4 -2.2 -1.1 -0.1 -1.7
BMI 0.3 1.7 7.0 -1.0 -0.9 -2.6 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8
Height 0.1 1.2 2.1 -0.8 -0.8 1.2 -0.8 -1.2 1.5
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 0.1 0.6 2.6 0.6 -1.6 -0.5 0.4 0.3 -0.5
Systolic Blood Pressure 0.4 1.8 4.1 2.0 -0.4 0.0 1.9 1.7 0.5
Smoking Status 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.8 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2
Allergy or Eczema 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.7 -0.3
Cardiovascular Disease 0.2 0.7 2.7 0.5 -1.6 -0.9 0.3 0.1 -0.1
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 0.9 2.0 6.1 -0.6 -0.4 2.2 -0.0 -0.5 2.5
Respiratory disease 0.3 0.8 4.4 -0.2 2.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.1
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.6
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 0.1 0.3 0.7 -0.5 -0.0 -0.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.8
Lung FVC 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.6 0.5
Neuroticism 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.6 -0.0 0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4
Chronotype (morning person) 0.2 0.5 1.1 -0.3 1.0 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.7
Hair Pigment 0.1 1.7 3.0 1.2 -1.4 -0.7 1.4 1.1 1.7
Tanning 0.1 1.4 2.6 1.2 -1.2 -0.1 1.4 1.6 0.9
Hand grip strength (left) 0.2 0.5 2.1 0.2 -1.4 -0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7
Number of treatments/medications taken 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.2
Average weekly spirits intake 0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 0.1 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.5
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 1.4 1.9 4.7 -1.3 -2.2 -0.0 -1.3 -1.7 -0.6
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 1.3 1.9 3.0 1.6 0.6 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.1
Relative age of first facial hair 0.3 0.7 3.2 -0.3 0.4 -1.8 -0.4 -0.5 0.1
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 1.1 1.5 3.1 -0.6 -1.7 1.8 -0.6 -1.4 -0.4
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 2.6 3.3 7.8 1.8 0.8 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.3
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 0.3 0.3 1.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6 1.0
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.8 2.3 4.5 1.9 0.4 -0.0 2.0 2.1 1.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.8 0.8 1.3 -1.1 -0.0 -0.8 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6
Angina 0.6 0.8 3.7 -0.4 0.1 -1.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.2 -1.3 0.6 0.3 0.0 -0.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.4
Supplements: Zinc 0.7 0.8 3.2 -0.2 0.7 -1.8 0.5 0.4 0.8
Medication: Co-codamol 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.1
Medication: Metformin 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4
Diabetes (father) 0.5 0.6 2.0 -0.6 0.9 -1.4 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6
Diabetes (mother) 0.6 0.7 2.3 0.5 -1.5 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.4 0.3 -1.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7
Pack years adult smoking proportion 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6
Impedance of leg (right) 0.2 1.1 5.4 0.6 2.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.8 0.0 -1.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.4
Trunk fat percentage 0.2 0.8 1.7 -1.3 0.1 -0.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6
Hand grip strength (right) 0.4 1.0 3.1 -0.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.5 0.7 1.9 0.2 -1.2 -1.4 0.6 0.3 0.8
Current tobacco smoking 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.4 -1.4 -0.0 0.0 0.4 -0.7
Average weekly fortified wine intake 1.0 1.1 3.8 -1.1 -0.0 -1.9 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7
Maternal smoking around birth 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 0.7 0.2 -0.2
Fed-up feelings 0.6 1.0 1.6 1.1 -1.0 0.3 1.3 1.1 0.9
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 1.5 2.0 4.0 -1.0 -1.8 1.0 -1.4 -2.0 -0.7
Relative age voice broke 1.8 2.8 5.6 -1.9 0.8 -2.4 -1.7 -1.7 -1.0
Taking other prescription medications 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.0 -0.4 0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2
Age when periods started (menarche) 1.9 4.5 6.9 -2.2 -1.1 -1.8 -2.3 -2.6 -2.3
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.2 0.1 0.7 0.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 0.3 0.6 1.4 -0.9 -0.2 -0.0 -1.0 -1.2 -0.6
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.9 0.9 1.8 1.2 0.9 -0.1 1.3 1.0 0.8
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 2.7 3.5 5.2 -1.9 -0.1 -1.7 -2.2 -2.1 -2.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 1.1 1.4 2.9 -1.1 -0.8 1.7 -1.3 -1.2 -0.7
High blood pressure 0.2 0.6 1.8 -0.3 -1.4 -1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 0.7 1.4 2.7 1.2 0.5 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.9
Multivitamins +/- minerals 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.9
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 0.6 0.8 2.3 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -1.5
Supplements: Glucosamine 1.6 2.0 3.3 1.7 -1.6 0.2 1.8 1.6 0.9
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 1.3 1.5 3.5 1.6 -1.9 0.1 1.5 0.8 -0.1
Medication: Atenolol 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.0 -0.0 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.2
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 0.7 1.1 2.8 -1.1 -1.0 0.9 -0.6 -0.8 1.7
Sitting height 0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.3 -0.6 0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 1.4 1.6 4.2 -0.8 -0.0 1.4 -1.1 -2.0 -1.2
High blood pressure (mother) 2.3 3.2 5.6 2.4 0.3 1.7 2.2 1.9 1.5
Body mass index (BMI) 0.1 0.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Impedance of leg (left) 0.2 0.8 2.3 0.7 1.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.1 0.3 1.6 -0.0 -1.3 0.3 -0.0 -0.3 0.3
Trunk fat mass 0.1 0.4 1.0 -1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3
Waist circumference 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2
Number of incorrect matches in round 3.1 5.1 7.9 2.5 2.0 1.4 2.8 2.2 2.4
Past tobacco smoking 0.2 0.4 1.9 -0.3 0.3 -1.4 0.1 0.2 0.8
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.7
Nervous feelings 1.8 3.4 5.6 -2.2 0.5 -0.4 -2.2 -2.2 -2.4
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 0.5 0.8 4.6 0.0 -2.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 0.1 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.8 0.3
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 0.7 0.9 3.2 -0.1 1.8 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.8
Had menopause 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.3 1.5 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.2
Had other major operations 2.8 3.5 5.7 2.4 -0.7 2.0 2.3 1.6 1.7
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.3 1.1 4.5 0.8 -2.1 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.7
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.4
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 0.8 1.0 2.1 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.1 -1.0 -1.4
Qualifications: None of the above 0.6 1.4 3.0 -1.0 1.7 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 1.2 1.7 3.1 -1.6 0.5 -1.0 -1.7 -1.8 -0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 2.6 4.1 9.3 1.6 -0.2 1.6 2.4 2.1 3.0
Heart attack 0.2 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.0 -1.2 -0.0 -0.0 0.5
Allergy 0.6 1.5 2.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.5 -1.2 -1.1 -0.4
Pain all over the body in last month 0.7 0.7 1.4 -0.8 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 -1.2 -0.7
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.6 0.3
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 2.5 3.3 5.3 2.2 1.5 0.8 2.3 2.3 1.3
Medication: Ramipril 0.8 1.0 2.1 -1.0 0.7 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9
Medication: Simvastatin 0.4 0.6 2.1 0.4 -1.4 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.9
Fluid intelligence score 1.3 2.7 5.0 1.8 -0.1 0.7 1.9 2.2 1.9
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.6 1.6 1.1 -1.3 -0.2 0.9 0.4 0.2
Neuroticism score 0.2 0.4 0.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7
Weight 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2
Impedance of arm (right) 0.2 0.8 1.6 -0.9 1.0 0.1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.5
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.2 0.7 1.3 -1.1 0.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6
Trunk fat-free mass 0.2 1.3 2.1 1.0 -1.0 1.4 1.1 0.7 1.4
Hip circumference 0.1 0.6 1.8 0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.3
Time employed in main current job 0.4 0.5 1.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.4 -0.0 0.3 -0.9
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.5
Father’s age at death 0.3 0.4 1.3 -0.3 1.1 1.1 0.0 -0.0 0.3
Worrier / anxious feelings 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.6
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.3 0.3 -0.1
Falls in the last year 0.8 1.1 2.9 -0.9 -0.7 0.7 -1.3 -1.7 -0.7
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6
Number of live births 2.1 2.9 3.9 -2.0 -1.6 -0.7 -2.0 -1.8 -1.9
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 0.3 1.0 4.5 0.7 -2.1 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.3
Pulse rate 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.4
Happiness 0.8 0.9 1.6 -1.1 0.8 -0.4 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8
Noisy workplace 5.9 7.3 11.7 -3.0 -1.0 -1.0 -3.3 -3.4 -3.2
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 1.2 1.4 2.9 1.0 -1.7 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 1.7 2.9 7.2 -1.3 0.3 -0.3 -2.0 -2.1 -2.7
Asthma 0.7 1.3 7.7 0.0 2.8 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.4
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 2.2 2.8 5.9 1.5 -0.1 1.1 1.9 2.4 2.0
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.2 0.3 1.2 -0.3 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.0
Depression (self-reported) 2.1 2.5 4.2 2.1 -0.9 1.1 2.0 1.8 1.3
Medication: Lansoprazole 1.0 1.2 4.5 0.4 0.8 2.1 0.5 0.7 1.0
Prospective memory result 2.4 2.9 5.6 -2.1 0.3 -0.4 -2.1 -2.4 -1.7
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 1.9 0.5 1.4 -0.9 0.2 0.8 0.7
Illnesses of mother 0.5 0.6 1.7 -0.9 0.6 -1.3 -0.8 -0.4 0.2
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 0.3 0.8 3.8 0.2 -2.0 1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.2
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 0.5 0.6 2.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.4 -1.4
Impedance of arm (left) 0.2 1.1 2.0 -1.3 0.5 -0.2 -1.3 -1.4 -0.7
Arm fat mass (right) 0.0 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2
Trunk predicted mass 0.2 1.3 2.0 1.1 -1.0 1.4 1.1 0.8 1.4
Standing height 0.2 1.7 7.0 0.5 -1.1 2.6 0.4 -0.4 1.3
Length of working week for main job 0.7 0.8 1.5 1.2 0.7 -0.2 1.2 1.1 0.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.6 1.8 2.8 -1.5 -0.7 -1.4 -1.3 -1.7 -1.3
Breastfed as a baby 2.3 2.8 5.7 -1.5 -2.4 0.5 -1.7 -2.2 -1.0
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 0.2 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.4 0.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.7 -0.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 -1.5
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 0.3 0.8 2.9 0.9 1.7 0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.0
Birth weight of first child 0.5 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.5 -0.1 1.0 1.4 1.1
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.9 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.3
Pulse wave reflection index 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.6 0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1 -1.0
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 3.4 4.0 7.4 -2.1 -0.5 -0.4 -2.5 -2.4 -2.7
Loud music exposure frequency 0.4 0.5 1.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.3 -0.5 -1.1 -0.5
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 0.4 0.6 3.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.7 -0.2 0.4 -0.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 0.4 0.5 1.8 -0.0 1.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -1.0
Medication: Paracetamol 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4
Headache pain in last month 0.2 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.1
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.6 3.1 -0.1 1.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.1
Glaucoma (self-reported) 2.6 3.0 6.3 1.9 -0.2 0.7 2.4 2.5 1.5
Gout (self-reported) 1.4 2.0 2.9 1.6 -1.7 0.1 1.7 1.5 1.2
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 0.9 1.7 6.8 -0.6 -0.3 1.7 0.1 -0.1 2.6
Medication: Amlodipine 1.0 1.3 2.3 1.2 -1.0 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.8
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 1.3 1.6 2.9 -1.6 0.5 -0.8 -1.5 -1.7 -1.1
Birth weight 0.6 1.2 2.9 1.1 0.4 0.1 1.2 1.4 1.7
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.3 -1.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.9 -0.8
High blood pressure (siblings) 0.7 1.0 2.3 -1.2 1.5 -0.6 -1.0 -0.6 -0.6
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 0.3 1.0 4.8 0.0 -2.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.3
Body fat percentage 0.2 0.7 1.4 -1.2 0.3 -0.9 -1.1 -0.6 -0.8
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.0 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.9 -0.3 -0.0 0.4 -0.0
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.2 1.0 1.7 0.8 -1.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.1
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 1.1 1.5 4.8 -0.8 -0.4 -2.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1
Comparative body size at age 10 0.5 1.4 5.6 -1.0 -2.4 -1.0 -0.3 0.3 0.7
Number of full brothers 0.5 0.7 3.6 -0.3 -0.5 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.5
Worry too long after embarrassment 1.4 2.4 3.6 -1.9 -0.1 -1.2 -1.8 -1.9 -1.6
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.3
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.3 -0.2 0.4
Number of children fathered 0.3 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.9 -0.5 -0.5 0.5
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8
Age at first live birth 2.2 3.9 5.9 2.2 1.8 0.9 2.4 2.4 1.6
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.6 0.7 2.1 0.3 -0.8 1.0 0.4 0.3 1.5
Health satisfaction 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.8
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 5.5 6.5 11.0 -2.9 -0.1 -1.9 -3.0 -3.3 -2.7
Qualifications: College or University degree 0.6 1.8 2.6 1.5 0.2 1.1 1.6 1.5 1.4
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.1 2.4 3.7 1.7 0.1 1.1 1.7 1.9 1.9
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 1.5 1.7 3.2 -0.8 -0.8 -1.8 -1.0 -1.3 -1.8
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.0 -0.2 -0.0
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 0.8 1.2 2.4 1.2 0.2 -0.4 1.4 1.6 0.9
Medication: Blood pressure 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.4
Angina (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.7 -0.4 0.2 -1.9 -0.7 -0.7 -0.3
Migraine (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.4 0.4 -1.8 1.0 0.2 -0.2 0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen 2.6 3.1 5.7 1.5 0.6 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.4
Medication: Allopurinol 1.0 1.3 4.6 0.3 -2.1 -1.6 0.5 0.7 0.4
Medication: Omeprazole 0.5 0.6 1.5 -0.7 -0.9 1.2 -0.6 -0.7 0.0
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.7 0.8 1.4 -1.2 1.0 -0.2 -1.2 -0.9 0.1
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.5 0.5
Heart disease (mother) 0.6 0.7 3.2 0.3 0.4 1.8 0.3 -0.0 0.7
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 0.7 0.8 2.4 0.9 -0.9 0.0 0.9 1.5 0.4
Whole body fat mass 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4
Leg fat mass (right) 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.1
Arm predicted mass (right) 0.3 1.3 2.0 1.0 -1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2
Pulse rate, automated reading 0.2 0.6 1.6 0.4 -1.3 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -1.0
Alcohol intake frequency. 0.3 0.6 1.3 -0.9 1.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3
Comparative height size at age 10 1.3 7.3 14.6 2.4 0.4 3.4 2.7 2.1 3.8
Number of full sisters 1.0 1.3 2.6 -1.6 0.6 -0.4 -1.5 -1.5 -0.3
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.6 0.1
Overall health rating 1.6 3.5 6.4 -1.6 -1.4 0.1 -2.1 -2.5 -2.4
Chest pain or discomfort 1.6 2.3 4.1 1.7 2.0 0.8 1.5 1.1 1.6
Had major operations 0.5 0.6 1.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.5 -1.1 -1.0 -0.7
Age at last live birth 1.7 2.4 4.2 1.8 0.6 0.5 2.0 2.0 1.6
Family relationship satisfaction 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.1 -1.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 -1.2
Leg pain on walking 0.7 0.8 1.2 -1.0 -0.3 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -1.0
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.1 -0.7 -1.5 1.2 1.1 -0.4
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 1.3 1.5 3.7 -1.4 0.5 -0.9 -1.3 -1.9 -0.7
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 1.5 1.9 3.4 1.5 1.9 0.3 1.5 1.4 1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.7 1.0 1.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1
Supplements: Vitamin C 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 0.8 0.8 0.1
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4
Hypertension (Self-reported) 0.3 0.7 2.2 -0.3 -1.5 -1.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.6
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 1.2 1.4 2.0 0.7 -1.4 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.4
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 0.3 0.4 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 -1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.4 0.5 1.0 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5
Smoking status: Previous 0.3 0.4 1.6 -0.2 0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.6 -0.6
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 0.3 0.5 2.2 0.5 -1.5 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.3
Whole body fat-free mass 0.1 0.7 1.5 0.6 -1.2 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.9
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.1 0.7 3.8 0.2 -2.0 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.4
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.2 0.9 1.7 -1.3 -0.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.7 -0.8
Average weekly red wine intake 0.2 0.3 0.6 -0.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 0.9 1.1 2.2 1.3 -0.5 -0.1 1.2 1.5 1.0
Mood swings 0.4 0.8 3.4 -0.2 -1.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -1.0
Loneliness, isolation 0.5 0.7 3.5 -0.1 0.7 1.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.0
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 0.4 0.5 2.1 0.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1
Ever had bowel cancer screening 0.6 0.7 4.0 0.2 0.3 2.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 -0.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.1
Friendships satisfaction 0.4 0.5 1.4 -0.5 0.7 0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 0.3 0.5 1.8 -1.3 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.3
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.6 0.6 1.5 0.0 -1.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.8 -1.0
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.2 1.4 4.6 -0.7 0.6 -2.1 -0.6 -0.8 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 0.6 1.0 2.0 -1.1 0.1 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 -1.4
Medication for cholesterol 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 -0.3
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.9 1.1 2.7 -0.7 -1.6 0.0 -0.7 -1.4 -0.8
Back pain experienced in last month 1.3 1.9 2.9 1.5 -0.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.3
Mineral and other dietary supplements 0.4 0.5 2.3 -0.4 1.5 0.3 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3
Breast cancer (self-reported) 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.1 0.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.7 -1.1
Asthma (self-reported) 0.6 1.2 6.8 -0.0 2.6 -0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.3
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 -0.8 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.9 -0.0 0.9 0.7 1.0
Medication: Aspirin 0.6 0.7 1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -1.2 -0.7 -1.0 -1.0
Medication: Gliclazide 2.6 2.9 6.3 -2.5 -0.2 -1.6 -2.2 -1.7 -1.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.6
Smoking status: Current 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.5 -1.1 -0.0 0.2 0.5 -0.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3
Whole body water mass 0.2 0.9 1.7 0.7 -1.3 1.0 0.8 0.5 1.1
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.1 0.7 3.5 0.2 -1.9 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.4
Arm fat mass (left) 0.1 0.4 0.9 -0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.3 0.5 1.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 0.4 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 1.3
Miserableness 0.5 0.9 3.1 0.8 -1.8 0.4 1.1 -0.2 0.2
Guilty feelings 1.7 2.5 4.3 -1.8 0.9 -1.1 -1.8 -1.5 -2.1
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.5
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.4 0.5 -0.2
Hearing aid user 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.3
Mother’s age at death 0.7 0.8 3.5 0.4 -1.9 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.3
Financial situation satisfaction 1.2 1.4 4.1 -1.1 -1.1 0.2 -1.0 -2.0 -1.0
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 1.8 2.1 4.0 -1.6 0.3 -0.2 -2.0 -2.0 -1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 2.2 2.6 4.3 2.1 0.2 2.1 1.8 1.8 0.7
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 2.2 2.6 5.1 1.7 -0.4 1.1 2.3 2.1 1.3
Medication: Blood pressure 0.3 0.6 1.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 1.0 1.3 2.5 1.6 -0.3 0.5 1.5 1.1 1.2
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 0.2 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.4 -1.1 0.5 0.3 0.0
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.4 -1.1 -1.2 0.5 0.4 0.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 1.1 1.6 2.6 -1.4 -1.6 -0.9 -1.5 -1.2 -0.7
Medication: Paracetamol 0.4 0.6 2.4 -0.2 1.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 -0.0
Medication: Lisinopril 0.9 1.2 3.7 -0.9 -1.9 0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -0.3
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.7
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.8 2.1 4.8 1.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.2
Ever smoked 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.6
Basal metabolic rate 0.1 0.5 1.4 0.5 -1.2 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.1
Arm fat-free mass (left) 0.2 1.0 1.8 0.9 -0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3
Number of operations (self-reported) 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.9 -1.4 0.8 0.7 0.3 -0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 0.5 0.7 2.0 -0.8 -0.5 -1.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Irritability 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5
Risk taking 0.6 0.9 3.2 0.8 1.8 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.7
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.3 1.5 2.7 0.6 1.6 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.4
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 1.3 1.7 2.3 1.5 -1.4 0.9 1.5 0.9 1.5
Age started oral contraceptive pill 1.9 2.3 2.7 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8
Ever depressed for a whole week 1.2 1.4 3.8 -0.6 -2.0 -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -1.7
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 0.7 0.9 4.1 -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.1
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.1
Myopia 0.8 1.1 3.7 1.0 -0.2 0.6 0.9 1.9 1.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 0.2 0.5 1.9 -0.0 1.4 0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.1
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.6 0.9 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 0.7 0.8 3.8 -0.6 -0.2 2.0 -0.5 -0.7 0.0
Pain experienced in last month 0.6 1.0 1.8 -0.9 -0.2 -1.4 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
Supplements: Calcium 0.6 0.7 1.9 -0.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.7 0.9 2.9 0.8 -1.7 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.3 0.3 1.3 -0.0 -0.0 -1.2 0.2 0.2 0.7
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.0 -0.0 1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -1.0
Heart disease (siblings) 0.3 0.4 1.1 -0.8 0.4 1.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 3.7 4.2 6.4 -2.4 0.1 -1.0 -2.4 -2.5 -2.5
Pack years of smoking 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.0 -0.2 0.5
Impedance of whole body 0.1 0.4 1.2 -0.5 1.1 -0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3
Leg fat mass (left) 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.2 0.9 1.5 0.9 -1.0 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.2