Hub : Genes

PLEKHM1

Models

# panel tissue h2 h2 se h2 P eQTL R2 BLUP R2 ENET R2 BSLMM R2 LASSO R2 eQTL P BLUP P ENET P BSLMM P LASSO P
1 GTEx Adrenal Gland 0.2142 0.0771 6.4e-04 0.002 NA 0.077 NA 0.036 2.6e-01 NA 1.0e-03 NA 1.9e-02
2 GTEx Brain Cerebellar Hemisphere 0.3060 0.1040 4.5e-05 0.225 NA 0.077 NA 0.201 1.8e-06 NA 5.0e-03 NA 7.2e-06
3 GTEx Brain Cerebellum 0.4060 0.0770 2.1e-10 0.436 NA 0.451 NA 0.437 2.6e-14 NA 6.8e-15 NA 2.4e-14
4 GTEx Brain Cortex 0.2070 0.0700 9.1e-04 0.160 NA 0.088 NA 0.173 3.4e-05 NA 2.1e-03 NA 1.7e-05
5 GTEx Esophagus Mucosa 0.2610 0.0680 5.3e-08 0.111 NA 0.138 NA 0.135 7.4e-08 NA 1.8e-09 NA 2.5e-09
6 GTEx Muscle Skeletal 0.0834 0.0288 8.2e-06 0.088 NA 0.086 NA 0.085 6.0e-09 NA 7.8e-09 NA 1.0e-08
7 GTEx Testis 0.1390 0.0580 1.1e-03 0.102 NA 0.057 NA 0.069 2.8e-05 NA 1.5e-03 NA 5.5e-04
8 NTR Blood 0.0185 0.0081 1.7e-03 0.026 0.004 0.021 0.017 0.023 6.2e-09 1.2e-02 2.1e-07 2.7e-06 4.8e-08
9 TCGA Breast Invasive Carcinoma 0.0299 0.0149 1.1e-04 0.008 0.021 0.022 NA 0.014 6.8e-03 2.4e-05 1.6e-05 NA 4.5e-04
10 TCGA Thyroid Carcinoma 0.1530 0.0660 1.4e-03 0.039 0.029 0.040 NA 0.039 1.0e-04 7.6e-04 8.0e-05 NA 9.9e-05

Trait associations

Trait Avg chi2 ratio Avg chi2 Max chi2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bipolar Disorder (2018) 0.8 1.3 3.7 0.9 -1.0 -1.2 1.2 -0.5 1.1 -1.2 1.1 1.9 0.4
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia 0.5 1.3 2.4 -0.7 1.6 1.3 -1.1 1.2 -1.2 1.4 -1.0 0.8 -0.7
Depressed Affect (Nagel 2018) 28.4 59.7 92.0 6.7 -9.6 -9.1 8.8 -8.1 8.6 -9.6 7.7 1.9 2.4
Depression (Nagel 2018) 8.6 12.9 18.9 4.1 -4.3 -4.1 4.0 -3.6 3.9 -4.1 3.7 -0.3 1.3
Intelligence (Savage-Jansen 2018) 6.0 18.3 26.4 -3.7 5.0 5.1 -5.1 3.4 -4.8 5.1 -4.7 -1.2 -2.8
Neuroticism (Nagel 2018) 34.1 80.3 126.3 7.0 -11.1 -10.8 10.3 -8.6 10.3 -11.2 9.6 1.9 2.6
Schizophrenia (2018) 2.4 4.9 8.1 -1.7 2.9 2.7 -2.4 2.0 -2.5 2.8 -2.3 -0.6 -1.3
Schizophrenia vs Biploar Disorder 7.3 9.6 16.8 -3.3 3.8 3.4 -3.3 3.0 -3.3 4.1 -2.7 -1.9 -0.9
Worry (Nagel 2018) 17.2 36.4 58.0 4.8 -7.5 -7.0 7.1 -5.5 7.1 -7.6 6.6 0.4 1.4
Alzheimer’s Disease (in mother) 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.7 0.2
Alzheimer’s Disease (in father) 1.7 1.9 7.0 -1.0 1.1 0.9 -1.2 0.7 -1.0 1.0 -1.4 1.7 -2.6
Alzheimer’s Disease (including proxy) 0.5 0.7 2.2 -1.5 0.7 0.8 -0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.5 1.0 -1.3
Crohns Disease (2017) 3.2 7.0 9.1 -2.3 3.0 2.4 -2.7 3.0 -2.7 2.8 -2.4 -3.0 -2.1
Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) 2.5 6.0 8.0 -2.0 2.8 2.3 -2.6 2.5 -2.5 2.4 -2.4 -2.7 -2.0
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) 1.3 2.5 3.7 -1.1 1.9 1.6 -1.7 1.3 -1.6 1.5 -1.6 -1.9 -1.2
Major Depression (MDD) 1.9 2.3 11.6 3.4 -0.5 -0.4 1.5 -0.0 1.3 -0.4 2.0 -0.9 1.3
Reaction Time 0.5 0.9 2.2 -0.9 -0.8 -1.5 0.2 1.4 0.3 -0.9 -0.0 -0.8 -1.5
Verbal and Numeric Reasoning (VNR) 6.2 14.9 23.7 -2.9 4.5 4.9 -4.6 1.5 -4.3 4.7 -4.3 -1.3 -3.5
Breast Cancer 10.6 25.5 39.7 3.2 -6.3 -5.1 6.0 -5.7 6.1 -6.0 5.3 2.4 1.6
Ovarian Cancer 28.0 37.0 58.1 -1.7 7.0 6.0 -7.4 6.5 -7.6 7.1 -7.4 -3.7 -2.5
Prostate Cancer 2.0 2.8 3.6 -0.7 1.9 1.7 -1.7 1.8 -1.6 1.8 -1.6 1.9 1.6
Age at First Birth 3.7 5.3 9.7 -1.0 2.4 2.5 -3.1 2.1 -2.6 2.6 -3.0 0.3 -1.8
Bipolar Disorder (2011) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Body Mass Index (BMI) (2010) 1.0 1.3 6.6 1.5 -0.9 -0.9 0.5 -0.8 0.8 -0.7 0.5 2.6 0.6
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 2.9 3.4 6.3 -0.1 -2.3 -1.8 2.5 -0.0 2.5 -2.4 2.3 1.5 -0.4
Crohns Disease (2012) 4.2 6.7 13.0 -2.0 3.6 3.0 -2.5 3.3 -2.9 3.5 -1.8 0.0 0.0
Mean Putamen Volume 8.0 9.1 13.5 1.4 -3.7 -3.4 3.4 -2.0 3.7 -3.5 3.6 2.1 2.3
Fasting Glucose 1.6 1.9 3.5 0.5 1.6 1.7 -1.7 1.3 -0.7 1.9 1.8 -0.7 -1.0
HbA1C 0.9 1.0 2.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.5 0.7 -1.5 1.2 -1.1 1.6 0.4 0.0
HDL Cholesterol 0.4 0.7 1.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 1.1 -0.1 1.2 -0.7 1.3 1.2 0.7
LDL Cholesterol 2.7 4.3 8.1 0.2 -2.5 -2.3 2.2 -2.9 2.2 -2.5 2.3 -1.1 0.7
Lupus 6.0 9.1 14.6 -0.8 3.5 3.2 -3.8 1.9 -3.8 3.4 -3.8 -2.9 -0.7
Neuroticism (2016) 17.1 24.6 38.8 3.4 -5.7 -5.7 6.2 -4.9 6.2 -5.8 5.8 1.1 0.4
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis 10.4 14.9 20.9 -2.9 4.5 4.6 -4.4 4.0 -4.3 4.6 -4.1 -2.2 -1.4
Rheumatoid Arthritis 1.1 1.6 3.9 2.0 -1.1 -1.5 1.4 -0.6 1.3 -1.0 1.5 0.8 0.6
Schizophrenia (2014) 3.4 7.5 12.1 -2.8 3.5 3.3 -2.7 3.0 -2.9 3.5 -2.3 -0.8 -1.1
Triglycerides 0.9 1.4 4.0 -2.0 1.0 1.0 -1.4 0.2 -1.5 1.1 -1.5 0.4 0.3
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2012) 1.1 1.2 2.9 -0.1 1.0 1.0 -1.5 0.4 -1.6 1.1 -1.7 -1.1 -0.1
Ulcerative Colitis 0.9 1.4 4.0 -0.5 1.2 0.7 -0.8 1.3 -0.8 1.1 -0.5 -2.0 -1.7
Blood Eosinophil Count 11.9 91.7 158.8 -8.0 11.8 12.6 -10.7 7.6 -10.3 12.0 -9.6 -1.3 -6.2
Blood Platelet Count 2.1 24.0 32.3 2.2 -5.0 -3.6 5.7 -4.7 5.5 -5.1 5.6 4.8 5.7
Blood Red Count 33.0 319.1 470.9 14.4 -21.7 -20.0 20.8 -16.8 21.2 -21.0 19.4 8.7 7.5
Blood White Count 3.8 28.2 48.4 3.6 -5.3 -4.1 6.7 -5.2 7.0 -5.2 7.0 5.2 1.8
Heel T-Score 9.6 76.2 121.0 -2.3 10.4 10.7 -10.8 6.0 -10.5 11.0 -10.5 -5.0 -3.9
BMI 0.9 5.1 9.5 1.4 -2.4 -1.7 2.2 -3.1 2.2 -2.3 1.9 2.3 2.6
Height 3.3 63.0 114.5 4.0 10.4 7.9 -10.0 5.1 -9.8 10.7 -9.6 -0.2 -4.0
Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) 14.5 65.4 89.9 7.0 -9.5 -8.3 9.2 -8.8 9.1 -9.1 8.4 5.0 5.0
Systolic Blood Pressure 6.9 34.3 55.5 -5.6 6.3 7.5 -6.2 3.8 -5.9 6.7 -5.9 -6.5 -2.6
Smoking Status 3.8 9.1 14.2 -2.3 3.6 3.8 -3.5 1.6 -3.3 3.5 -3.2 -2.4 -2.1
Allergy or Eczema 1.2 3.2 22.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 -0.7 0.9 -1.2 1.4 -0.1 -4.8 0.5
Cardiovascular Disease 0.6 2.1 6.0 -0.8 1.5 2.5 -1.2 0.2 -1.2 1.7 -1.4 -2.1 -0.4
Hypothyroidism (self reported) 2.4 5.6 9.7 0.7 -2.5 -2.2 2.7 -3.1 2.8 -2.8 2.8 1.0 -1.8
Respiratory disease 1.4 3.1 24.1 1.4 0.4 1.0 -0.1 -1.4 -0.3 0.9 0.2 -4.9 -0.8
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) (2018) 0.8 1.5 3.5 0.8 -1.5 -0.9 1.3 -1.9 1.4 -1.3 1.1 -0.9 -0.9
Lung FEV1/FVC ratio 2.5 12.8 23.1 -2.7 4.8 4.2 -4.0 3.2 -4.1 4.8 -3.5 0.4 -1.3
Lung FVC 30.4 154.8 237.2 -6.9 15.4 14.3 -15.1 10.3 -14.8 15.4 -13.9 -5.9 -6.4
Neuroticism 31.8 76.8 116.6 7.1 -10.6 -10.2 10.4 -8.5 10.3 -10.8 9.5 1.7 2.0
Chronotype (morning person) 0.9 2.2 4.3 1.9 -1.6 -1.2 1.8 -0.7 1.8 -1.7 2.1 0.5 0.3
Hair Pigment 0.4 12.1 21.1 -1.6 4.6 3.5 -4.1 3.6 -4.3 4.4 -3.5 -1.8 -0.8
Tanning 0.8 10.0 15.8 -3.1 3.5 3.3 -4.0 2.6 -3.8 3.4 -3.9 0.3 -1.5
Hand grip strength (left) 12.4 32.8 52.6 1.3 7.0 6.4 -7.2 4.0 -6.8 7.3 -6.9 -2.2 -4.2
Number of treatments/medications taken 1.8 3.3 6.7 1.6 -1.8 -1.6 2.0 -2.6 1.9 -1.8 1.9 -1.9 -0.2
Average weekly spirits intake 0.7 0.9 3.3 1.4 -0.5 0.1 0.7 -1.2 0.9 -0.4 0.6 1.8 -0.1
Sensitivity / hurt feelings 37.7 64.6 97.5 5.9 -9.5 -9.9 9.3 -7.4 9.1 -9.8 8.7 3.8 3.7
Frequency of depressed mood in last 2 weeks 7.9 11.1 17.5 3.3 -4.1 -4.2 3.9 -2.5 3.9 -4.0 3.6 -0.6 -0.2
Hearing difficulty/problems: Yes 5.0 7.6 11.9 2.4 -3.3 -3.4 3.1 -1.4 3.2 -2.9 2.9 2.1 2.3
Relative age of first facial hair 37.9 78.0 121.0 5.4 -11.0 -10.0 10.4 -8.8 10.5 -10.8 9.6 4.4 2.2
Other serious medical condition/disability diagnosed by doctor 2.9 3.7 7.1 1.1 -2.0 -1.7 2.6 -1.7 2.5 -2.0 2.7 -1.5 0.3
Ever used hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) 1.2 1.5 2.8 -1.2 -1.2 -1.5 1.5 -0.8 1.4 -1.5 1.7 0.1 0.2
Ever had hysterectomy (womb removed) 1.3 1.4 4.2 2.1 -1.1 -0.6 1.0 -1.5 1.1 -1.0 0.8 1.4 0.4
Systolic blood pressure, automated reading 8.1 23.6 37.1 -4.7 5.7 6.1 -5.1 4.5 -5.0 5.9 -4.3 -4.4 -0.2
Eye problems/disorders: Diabetes related eye disease 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.8
Angina 0.2 0.2 1.2 -1.1 -0.1 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.8
Medication for hormone replacement therapy 2.5 2.7 4.0 -1.5 2.0 2.0 -1.8 1.6 -1.7 2.0 -1.6 -0.0 -1.4
Vitamin and mineral supplements 7.4 10.0 16.4 -1.0 4.0 3.8 -3.7 3.7 -3.6 4.0 -3.3 0.7 -1.1
Supplements: Zinc 2.9 3.2 6.4 0.6 -2.5 -2.2 2.0 -1.6 2.0 -2.5 1.6 0.2 0.2
Medication: Co-codamol 0.6 0.7 3.9 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.4 -2.0 0.9
Medication: Metformin 0.9 1.3 5.3 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 0.8 -2.3 1.0 -0.7 0.7 1.3 -1.1
Diabetes (father) 1.1 1.4 3.2 -0.6 -1.6 -1.6 1.1 -0.7 1.3 -1.8 1.0 0.7 -0.0
Diabetes (mother) 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.7 -1.2 -0.5 -0.0 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4
Severe depression (siblings) 1.5 1.7 2.6 0.0 -1.6 -1.5 1.6 -1.5 1.4 -1.6 1.6 0.5 0.5
Pack years adult smoking proportion 1.0 1.5 2.7 0.1 -1.4 -1.2 1.6 -0.6 1.3 -1.4 1.5 -1.6 0.5
Impedance of leg (right) 3.7 18.0 28.7 -5.4 4.6 4.3 -4.0 4.0 -4.0 4.5 -3.5 -4.6 -3.0
Leg fat-free mass (left) 0.6 3.3 23.8 4.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -1.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 2.0 1.5
Trunk fat percentage 4.2 16.7 30.1 -2.8 5.5 5.5 -4.7 2.1 -4.8 5.4 -4.2 -1.9 0.1
Hand grip strength (right) 9.6 26.2 44.1 2.3 6.2 5.5 -6.3 2.7 -6.0 6.6 -6.2 -2.3 -4.1
Townsend deprivation index at recruitment 0.4 0.6 1.6 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6 0.9 -0.0 0.9 -0.7 1.2 0.5 -0.2
Current tobacco smoking 0.9 1.4 2.3 -1.4 1.5 1.5 -1.1 0.4 -1.1 1.4 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2
Average weekly fortified wine intake 3.0 3.5 5.4 -2.0 2.3 1.8 -2.2 1.7 -2.3 2.1 -1.9 -1.4 -0.3
Maternal smoking around birth 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.9 0.6
Fed-up feelings 16.5 30.0 45.6 5.1 -6.6 -6.1 6.0 -6.5 6.1 -6.8 5.2 1.7 1.3
Frequency of unenthusiasm / disinterest in last 2 weeks 3.0 3.9 9.7 3.1 -2.1 -2.2 2.1 -1.6 2.1 -2.1 1.9 -0.5 1.1
Relative age voice broke 25.1 38.3 55.0 4.1 -7.3 -7.0 7.3 -6.4 7.4 -7.3 6.9 2.8 2.6
Taking other prescription medications 0.9 1.3 2.4 0.6 -1.1 -1.1 1.2 -1.6 1.1 -1.2 1.2 -1.5 0.5
Age when periods started (menarche) 4.7 11.3 17.1 3.0 -4.1 -4.1 3.8 -2.6 3.8 -4.0 3.3 2.3 1.1
Bilateral oophorectomy (both ovaries removed) 1.6 1.9 2.7 0.7 -1.5 -1.4 1.5 -1.2 1.6 -1.5 1.6 1.3 1.0
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (left) 4.6 10.3 18.0 -0.7 3.8 3.7 -4.2 0.6 -3.7 3.9 -4.2 -0.6 -3.0
Tinnitus: Yes, but not now, but have in the past 0.4 0.4 1.1 -0.1 0.4 0.7 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 0.3 -1.1 -0.2 -0.9
Qualifications: CSEs or equivalent 5.0 6.6 10.7 1.6 -3.3 -2.6 3.0 -3.1 3.0 -3.2 2.8 -0.2 -0.3
Serious illness, injury or assault to yourself 0.7 0.8 1.5 1.1 -1.1 -0.7 1.1 -0.4 1.2 -1.0 1.1 0.3 -0.3
High blood pressure 4.0 11.0 14.9 -2.7 3.8 3.9 -3.6 3.4 -3.8 3.8 -3.6 -2.6 -0.5
Hayfever, allergic rhinitis or eczema 1.0 2.2 16.2 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.6 -4.0 1.0
Multivitamins +/- minerals 3.8 4.8 8.5 0.7 -2.8 -2.9 2.5 -2.2 2.4 -2.9 2.1 -0.7 1.2
Stomach or abdominal pain in last month 1.3 1.7 2.6 1.5 -1.5 -1.4 1.4 -1.6 1.4 -1.3 0.8 -0.7 -1.0
Supplements: Glucosamine 0.7 0.9 4.6 -2.1 -0.6 0.2 0.3 -1.6 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.7 -0.1
Diverticular disease/diverticulitis (self-reported) 3.5 4.1 7.5 -0.7 2.6 2.7 -2.0 1.6 -2.2 2.7 -1.6 -2.2 -0.7
Medication: Atenolol 0.8 1.0 2.6 -0.1 1.1 1.6 -0.9 0.4 -1.0 1.2 -0.9 -1.1 -1.0
Medication: Levothyroxine sodium 3.4 5.7 9.5 -0.7 -2.8 -2.7 2.7 -3.1 2.8 -3.1 2.5 1.4 -0.3
Sitting height 10.9 77.3 134.6 1.7 11.2 9.8 -10.8 7.3 -10.8 11.6 -10.3 -2.9 -3.6
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (father) 0.5 0.6 2.2 0.8 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 -1.5
High blood pressure (mother) 2.7 3.7 5.7 -2.3 2.3 2.3 -1.9 2.4 -2.0 2.0 -1.6 -0.7 -0.8
Body mass index (BMI) 0.6 2.4 7.5 1.3 -1.2 -0.8 1.4 -1.5 1.3 -1.2 1.4 1.8 2.7
Impedance of leg (left) 4.0 19.4 30.1 -5.5 5.0 4.6 -4.3 4.1 -4.3 5.0 -3.8 -3.9 -3.1
Leg predicted mass (left) 0.6 3.3 24.5 5.0 0.1 -0.0 -0.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.5 2.0 1.5
Trunk fat mass 2.4 10.1 19.4 -0.6 4.4 4.2 -3.8 1.2 -3.8 4.4 -3.5 -0.9 0.5
Waist circumference 1.6 5.9 9.8 2.6 -2.3 -2.2 2.6 -2.5 2.4 -2.3 2.3 2.0 3.1
Number of incorrect matches in round 4.1 6.9 12.6 1.5 -2.4 -2.2 3.2 -1.7 3.0 -2.7 3.5 1.1 3.6
Past tobacco smoking 5.8 10.6 15.3 2.3 -3.7 -3.7 3.9 -1.6 3.7 -3.7 3.8 2.2 2.9
Alcohol usually taken with meals 0.7 1.2 2.0 -0.0 1.4 1.1 -1.4 0.9 -1.4 1.3 -1.4 0.6 -0.2
Nervous feelings 15.5 28.9 43.0 5.1 -6.4 -6.2 6.0 -6.0 6.0 -6.6 5.5 -0.3 1.2
Frequency of tenseness / restlessness in last 2 weeks 20.7 32.2 47.6 6.1 -6.9 -6.8 6.3 -5.3 6.3 -6.9 5.7 0.2 1.9
Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise 10.1 16.1 24.9 3.1 -4.5 -5.0 4.5 -2.8 4.6 -4.3 4.4 2.5 3.4
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 2 11.8 15.0 27.5 2.9 -4.8 -5.2 4.5 -2.7 4.4 -5.0 4.2 0.8 1.0
Had menopause 0.3 0.4 1.4 -0.8 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.3 -0.0 0.9 1.2
Had other major operations 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 1.0 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.5 0.2
Forced vital capacity (FVC) 24.1 92.8 146.4 -2.9 11.9 11.0 -12.0 7.0 -11.7 12.1 -11.4 -4.9 -5.3
Heel bone mineral density (BMD) T-score, automated (right) 4.5 10.4 17.4 -0.8 3.9 3.9 -4.2 0.7 -3.6 4.1 -4.1 0.0 -2.9
Ever unenthusiastic/disinterested for a whole week 12.3 15.0 20.4 3.3 -4.4 -4.5 4.5 -4.5 4.5 -4.4 4.1 1.5 0.8
Qualifications: None of the above 2.5 5.3 8.4 0.7 -2.4 -2.9 2.7 -2.1 2.5 -2.7 2.7 -0.2 2.4
Financial difficulties in last 2 years 5.0 6.8 10.8 2.5 -2.8 -3.3 3.1 -2.1 3.0 -3.0 2.7 1.3 1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems 7.8 12.0 17.5 -3.5 3.8 4.2 -4.0 2.2 -3.7 4.1 -3.6 -1.8 -2.8
Heart attack 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4
Allergy 1.6 3.8 23.5 -2.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.8 1.6 -0.5 -0.2 -1.3 4.8 -1.2
Pain all over the body in last month 0.9 1.0 1.8 1.3 -0.9 -0.5 1.2 -0.2 1.1 -0.9 1.2 -0.6 1.2
Diabetes (self-reported) 0.3 0.4 1.1 1.1 -0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.9 0.7 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.7
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis (self-reported) 0.6 0.8 3.9 2.0 -0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.7 -1.0 1.4
Medication: Ramipril 0.7 1.0 3.9 -0.4 0.5 0.4 -0.9 2.0 -1.1 0.6 -1.3 -0.5 -0.7
Medication: Simvastatin 0.3 0.4 1.6 -1.2 0.4 0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.1
Fluid intelligence score 6.0 12.4 18.0 -3.6 3.9 4.0 -4.2 1.6 -3.9 4.1 -4.0 -0.8 -3.3
Illnesses of siblings 0.4 0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.8 0.8 -0.9 0.1 0.9 -0.9
Neuroticism score 27.7 57.8 86.2 6.7 -9.1 -9.0 8.9 -7.3 8.8 -9.3 8.2 1.7 1.8
Weight 0.4 2.2 8.8 3.0 1.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.6 -1.0 1.4 -1.0 1.6 1.5
Impedance of arm (right) 7.7 35.7 50.0 -6.0 6.9 7.1 -6.6 3.8 -6.5 7.1 -6.1 -5.0 -3.3
Arm fat percentage (right) 0.4 1.6 4.3 -0.5 1.5 2.1 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 1.6 -1.0 -0.2 1.5
Trunk fat-free mass 1.3 7.4 44.0 6.6 -1.4 -2.0 1.1 -1.7 1.2 -1.3 0.8 3.6 1.7
Hip circumference 0.7 3.2 5.9 -0.4 2.4 2.1 -2.1 1.6 -2.2 2.3 -2.0 -0.5 0.8
Time employed in main current job 6.9 8.0 14.6 -1.3 3.8 3.8 -3.2 2.3 -3.4 3.7 -2.4 -1.4 -0.4
Alcohol intake versus 10 years previously 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.8
Father’s age at death 1.2 1.6 3.1 0.1 1.5 1.4 -1.4 1.8 -1.4 1.6 -1.2 0.0 -0.7
Worrier / anxious feelings 10.4 19.7 33.4 3.7 -5.5 -5.3 5.2 -3.8 5.2 -5.8 4.8 0.0 -0.2
Frequency of tiredness / lethargy in last 2 weeks 3.6 5.8 8.5 2.4 -2.9 -2.8 2.7 -2.7 2.7 -2.8 2.3 -1.0 -0.0
Falls in the last year 4.5 6.1 9.6 1.6 -3.0 -2.8 2.8 -1.9 2.8 -3.1 2.7 1.1 2.1
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 3 37.7 56.1 83.9 -4.7 9.2 9.1 -8.6 6.6 -8.7 9.1 -7.7 -5.5 -2.9
Number of live births 10.2 14.4 20.8 1.5 -4.4 -4.5 4.4 -4.4 4.6 -4.4 4.4 1.9 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1) 25.9 87.3 139.2 -3.2 11.5 10.8 -11.6 6.7 -11.3 11.8 -11.1 -4.2 -5.0
Pulse rate 0.8 1.4 5.8 0.1 1.0 1.2 -0.8 2.4 -1.0 1.4 -0.9 -1.1 -0.0
Happiness 2.7 3.3 5.5 2.0 -1.9 -1.7 2.1 -2.4 2.1 -1.8 2.2 -0.1 0.3
Noisy workplace 8.1 10.0 13.6 2.7 -3.7 -3.5 3.7 -2.7 3.4 -3.7 3.3 1.1 3.1
Qualifications: A levels/AS levels or equivalent 6.3 14.0 20.3 -4.1 4.5 4.5 -4.3 3.0 -4.2 4.5 -3.9 -0.1 -1.7
Serious illness, injury or assault of a close relative in last 2 years 0.1 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Dentures 0.3 0.5 2.6 0.6 0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.8 0.5 1.6
Asthma 0.9 1.8 10.4 0.3 1.1 1.1 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 1.3 -0.8 -3.2 0.2
Medication: Ibuprofen (e.g. Nurofen) 13.1 16.6 26.7 5.2 -4.4 -4.2 4.9 -3.3 4.9 -4.3 4.9 0.7 0.4
Medication: Cholesterol lowering 0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.5 0.5 -1.2 0.6 -0.4 0.5 1.0 -0.5
Depression (self-reported) 3.3 4.0 6.3 1.7 -2.2 -2.3 2.5 -0.6 2.5 -2.1 2.5 0.2 -1.8
Medication: Lansoprazole 4.0 4.6 7.4 -0.9 2.6 2.5 -2.6 1.8 -2.7 2.6 -2.5 -1.3 0.1
Prospective memory result 2.6 3.2 6.7 1.4 -1.8 -1.9 2.0 -0.8 1.8 -2.0 2.2 0.2 2.6
Lung cancer (father) 0.6 0.7 3.2 -1.8 0.6 0.4 -0.1 0.9 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.2 1.4
Illnesses of mother 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.8 0.8
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), Best measure 24.2 77.2 121.0 -3.1 10.8 10.1 -10.9 6.5 -10.5 11.0 -10.3 -4.1 -5.5
Pulse wave Arterial Stiffness index 1.0 1.2 4.4 0.2 0.8 1.3 -0.5 1.8 -0.3 1.1 -0.3 2.1 -0.1
Impedance of arm (left) 9.0 41.7 59.1 -6.5 7.6 7.3 -7.2 4.6 -7.1 7.7 -6.5 -5.1 -3.5
Arm fat mass (right) 0.3 1.4 3.7 1.2 1.2 1.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 1.3 -0.8 0.8 1.9
Trunk predicted mass 1.3 7.2 43.4 6.6 -1.4 -2.0 1.1 -1.6 1.2 -1.2 0.8 3.5 1.6
Standing height 2.4 23.4 41.7 3.5 6.2 4.9 -6.1 2.4 -5.8 6.5 -5.8 -0.8 -2.7
Length of working week for main job 1.7 1.8 5.5 -2.3 1.3 1.0 -1.3 1.7 -1.3 1.0 -1.3 0.4 -1.0
Exposure to tobacco smoke at home 1.3 1.5 11.1 -0.9 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -1.4 -3.3
Breastfed as a baby 0.4 0.5 1.8 -1.3 0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.7 1.3 0.1
Tense / ‘highly strung’ 6.0 9.9 15.4 2.6 -3.7 -3.9 3.6 -2.6 3.7 -3.9 3.7 -0.8 0.4
Seen doctor (GP) for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 0.9 1.4 4.5 2.1 -1.2 -1.2 0.8 -1.8 0.9 -1.3 0.4 0.2 -0.8
Hair/balding pattern: Pattern 4 66.2 160.4 240.2 -9.1 15.5 14.4 -14.7 11.9 -15.1 15.3 -13.6 -7.2 -4.1
Birth weight of first child 1.5 2.8 4.8 1.0 2.0 1.5 -2.2 1.7 -2.0 1.9 -2.0 -0.9 -0.6
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) 15.3 35.5 56.9 -1.7 7.3 7.0 -7.5 4.3 -7.1 7.5 -7.3 -1.4 -3.5
Pulse wave reflection index 1.1 1.3 2.9 0.0 -1.2 -0.8 1.7 -0.1 1.6 -1.2 1.7 1.0 -0.2
Ever highly irritable/argumentative for 2 days 4.6 5.6 8.7 2.2 -3.0 -2.7 2.8 -2.1 2.9 -2.8 2.3 0.4 0.0
Loud music exposure frequency 0.7 0.8 1.9 -0.2 0.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.1 -1.2 0.8 -1.4 -0.9 -0.6
Qualifications: O levels/GCSEs or equivalent 3.7 6.0 10.7 -1.4 2.9 3.3 -2.9 1.8 -2.8 3.0 -2.8 -0.3 -1.2
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Bleeding gums 2.5 3.2 5.7 1.7 -2.4 -2.0 1.9 -1.1 1.7 -2.3 1.4 1.7 1.0
Blood clot in the leg (DVT) 1.2 1.6 2.6 1.3 -1.0 -1.6 1.3 -1.6 1.2 -0.9 1.4 -0.9 1.1
Medication: Paracetamol 22.9 38.0 60.5 4.8 -7.8 -6.6 7.3 -6.5 7.3 -7.5 6.7 0.5 1.8
Headache pain in last month 27.3 47.0 65.7 7.0 -8.1 -7.7 8.0 -6.1 8.0 -8.1 7.5 1.0 2.9
Medication for cholesterol, blood pressure or diabetes 0.4 0.7 1.9 1.4 -0.9 -0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 -0.9 0.1 1.0 1.4
Glaucoma (self-reported) 4.4 5.2 8.5 0.9 -2.8 -2.6 2.8 -2.2 2.8 -2.9 2.6 0.6 0.7
Gout (self-reported) 4.4 6.0 10.4 -2.2 2.5 2.1 -3.0 2.3 -3.2 2.5 -3.2 -1.7 -0.9
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema (self-reported) 3.4 6.6 10.8 0.6 -2.8 -2.7 3.3 -2.9 3.2 -3.1 3.3 0.9 -0.5
Medication: Amlodipine 3.7 5.2 6.5 -2.2 2.4 2.5 -2.4 2.5 -2.5 2.5 -2.4 -1.9 -0.7
Medication: Ventolin 100micrograms inhaler 2.1 2.7 8.9 -0.7 1.5 1.9 -1.8 -0.4 -1.7 1.7 -1.6 -3.0 -0.5
Birth weight 0.1 0.2 1.9 1.4 -0.0 0.3 0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Chronic bronchitis/emphysema (mother) 3.9 4.6 8.6 -0.1 -2.4 -2.7 2.9 -1.3 2.9 -2.3 2.9 0.1 0.1
High blood pressure (siblings) 4.6 6.6 11.2 -0.7 3.4 3.1 -2.7 2.5 -3.1 3.3 -2.2 -2.2 1.0
Forced vital capacity (FVC), Best measure 23.9 87.3 136.9 -3.2 11.5 10.6 -11.5 7.0 -11.1 11.7 -10.9 -5.1 -5.7
Body fat percentage 1.9 7.4 14.7 -2.1 3.7 3.8 -2.9 1.3 -3.0 3.6 -2.5 -1.3 0.8
Leg fat percentage (right) 0.3 1.3 3.0 -1.7 1.2 1.5 -0.6 0.8 -0.8 1.1 -0.4 -0.8 1.6
Arm fat-free mass (right) 0.9 4.8 29.9 5.5 -0.5 -1.2 0.7 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 0.5 3.4 1.7
Exposure to tobacco smoke outside home 6.4 8.5 14.0 2.2 -3.6 -3.4 3.4 -3.1 3.4 -3.7 3.0 0.3 -0.3
Comparative body size at age 10 1.2 3.2 7.9 0.5 -2.6 -2.1 1.7 -1.9 1.8 -2.8 1.1 0.9 0.6
Number of full brothers 6.5 8.2 12.7 1.5 -3.5 -3.6 3.5 -1.8 3.6 -3.5 3.2 1.8 0.8
Worry too long after embarrassment 9.5 16.0 23.3 3.0 -4.8 -4.6 4.7 -3.3 4.7 -4.8 4.3 2.4 2.2
Seen a psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety, tension or depression 1.5 1.9 9.1 2.0 -0.6 -0.7 0.9 -1.5 0.7 -0.5 0.8 -3.0 -0.5
Wheeze or whistling in the chest in last year 2.7 4.8 6.8 1.8 -2.6 -2.1 2.5 -2.5 2.5 -2.4 2.3 -1.7 1.0
Number of children fathered 1.8 2.0 4.1 2.0 -1.2 -1.6 1.3 -0.7 1.3 -1.2 1.3 2.0 1.2
Reason for reducing amount of alcohol drunk: Health precaution 0.8 0.9 1.8 0.3 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -0.5 1.1 -0.9 1.1 1.4 0.6
Age at first live birth 4.8 8.6 17.2 -0.6 3.3 4.1 -3.4 2.8 -3.3 3.7 -3.3 -0.9 -1.3
Pulse wave peak to peak time 0.7 0.8 4.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.2 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -2.2 -0.1
Health satisfaction 1.4 1.8 2.8 1.2 -1.3 -1.0 1.7 -1.4 1.6 -1.2 1.7 0.9 1.1
Shortness of breath walking on level ground 2.9 3.5 5.7 2.4 -1.7 -1.9 2.1 -0.9 2.0 -1.7 2.1 0.8 2.4
Qualifications: College or University degree 10.3 32.4 45.7 -3.7 6.6 6.8 -6.5 6.1 -6.5 6.7 -6.3 -2.4 -3.1
Eye problems/disorders: None of the above 2.1 2.4 3.6 -1.5 1.9 0.8 -1.9 1.6 -1.9 1.8 -1.9 0.9 -0.5
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Loose teeth 0.3 0.4 2.4 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.0 0.2 -1.6 1.1
Emphysema/chronic bronchitis 7.4 8.4 11.8 2.7 -3.4 -2.7 3.4 -2.4 3.3 -3.2 3.2 -2.5 -1.3
Medication for pain relief, constipation, heartburn 14.5 24.7 35.1 -5.0 5.9 5.2 -5.7 5.6 -5.7 5.6 -5.1 -1.0 -2.4
Neck or shoulder pain in last month 1.7 2.4 3.8 -1.8 1.8 1.4 -1.6 1.4 -1.8 1.7 -1.3 -1.9 0.0
Medication: Blood pressure 1.3 2.2 4.1 -1.5 1.6 1.6 -1.2 0.8 -1.1 1.7 -1.1 -1.9 -2.0
Angina (self-reported) 0.2 0.3 1.2 -1.1 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.9
Migraine (self-reported) 2.9 3.6 7.8 1.6 -1.6 -1.2 2.2 -2.8 2.3 -1.6 2.4 1.4 1.3
Medication: Ibuprofen 11.9 14.2 20.9 4.6 -4.0 -3.9 4.5 -3.7 4.6 -3.8 4.4 1.0 -0.2
Medication: Allopurinol 2.7 3.7 6.1 -1.4 2.0 2.0 -2.2 1.7 -2.5 1.9 -2.5 -1.5 -0.9
Medication: Omeprazole 1.6 1.9 3.4 -1.8 1.7 1.8 -1.3 0.4 -1.3 1.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.4
Medication: Seretide 50 evohaler 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.8 1.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.7 1.1 -0.7 0.2 0.5
Mean time to correctly identify matches 0.4 0.7 2.6 -0.9 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 1.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2
Heart disease (mother) 3.0 3.6 6.0 1.2 -2.4 -2.1 2.4 -1.4 2.4 -2.3 2.2 -0.2 0.7
Reproduciblity of spirometry measurement using ERS/ATS criteria 5.9 7.0 9.5 2.1 -2.7 -3.0 3.0 -2.1 3.1 -2.8 2.8 3.1 1.1
Whole body fat mass 1.0 4.3 8.5 0.4 2.9 2.9 -2.3 0.3 -2.4 2.9 -2.1 -0.1 1.3
Leg fat mass (right) 0.2 0.9 2.7 0.4 1.2 1.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.8 1.2 -0.6 0.1 1.7
Arm predicted mass (right) 1.1 5.6 33.8 5.8 -1.0 -1.6 1.0 -1.3 1.0 -0.9 0.8 3.2 1.9
Pulse rate, automated reading 1.2 3.9 10.8 0.3 2.2 1.8 -1.8 3.3 -2.1 2.4 -1.5 -2.1 -0.1
Alcohol intake frequency. 11.6 26.9 40.4 4.4 -6.3 -6.0 5.8 -5.7 5.8 -6.4 5.4 -0.0 2.2
Comparative height size at age 10 3.7 20.1 34.3 -0.6 5.7 4.9 -5.9 2.8 -5.7 5.6 -5.6 -2.0 -2.1
Number of full sisters 1.5 1.9 4.3 -0.1 -1.5 -1.1 1.5 -2.1 1.5 -1.4 1.4 0.2 1.5
Suffer from ‘nerves’ 6.6 10.3 16.2 1.9 -3.9 -3.8 4.0 -2.7 4.0 -4.0 3.6 0.9 1.2
Overall health rating 0.7 1.6 4.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.6 1.4 -0.5 1.2 -1.2 1.2 -1.3 2.1
Chest pain or discomfort 0.3 0.5 1.3 0.5 0.8 1.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 1.2 0.2 -1.1 -0.3
Had major operations 0.7 0.9 2.0 -0.2 -1.1 -1.1 0.9 1.4 0.8 -1.1 0.6 1.1 0.2
Age at last live birth 2.2 3.2 6.2 0.7 2.2 2.5 -2.0 1.7 -2.0 2.3 -1.8 -0.7 -0.3
Family relationship satisfaction 2.4 2.9 5.4 1.9 -1.4 -1.1 2.0 -2.3 1.9 -1.3 2.2 -0.4 1.5
Leg pain on walking 8.0 10.0 13.4 2.6 -3.7 -3.5 3.6 -1.9 3.6 -3.6 3.3 2.4 2.9
Qualifications: NVQ or HND or HNC or equivalent 1.1 1.4 4.3 1.4 -1.5 -1.4 0.9 -2.1 1.0 -1.2 0.3 0.0 -0.5
Commuting to job workplace: Car/motor vehicle 3.3 3.8 5.8 2.2 -2.2 -2.3 1.7 -2.1 1.4 -2.2 1.4 0.8 2.4
Illness, injury, bereavement, stress in last 2 years 3.6 4.4 8.1 -1.3 2.3 2.9 -2.3 1.4 -2.5 2.4 -2.0 -2.2 -0.1
Medication: Aspirin 1.3 1.8 5.4 1.1 -1.2 -1.0 0.9 -1.9 1.0 -0.9 0.5 2.3 1.4
Supplements: Vitamin C 6.3 7.4 13.2 -0.2 -3.6 -3.1 3.2 -3.0 3.1 -3.6 3.0 0.4 0.2
Knee pain experienced in last month 0.8 1.3 1.9 0.8 -0.9 -1.1 1.3 -1.1 1.1 -1.2 1.4 -1.3 1.1
Hypertension (Self-reported) 3.6 10.1 13.8 -2.5 3.6 3.7 -3.5 3.5 -3.6 3.6 -3.4 -2.5 -0.3
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (gord) / gastric reflux (Self-reported) 5.5 6.4 8.8 -2.6 2.7 2.3 -2.8 1.4 -2.9 3.0 -2.9 -2.9 -1.1
Illnesses of father: Heart disease 5.8 8.1 10.8 3.2 -3.2 -3.0 3.3 -2.4 3.2 -2.9 3.1 1.8 1.7
Illnesses of siblings: Diabetes 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.8 0.6 -0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Smoking status: Previous 5.8 8.6 12.5 -2.3 3.3 3.4 -3.5 2.0 -3.3 3.2 -3.5 -1.5 -2.4
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted 1.3 2.7 5.3 2.3 1.5 1.1 -2.0 0.5 -1.7 1.9 -2.2 -0.7 -1.4
Whole body fat-free mass 1.0 5.7 37.6 6.1 -0.8 -1.3 0.6 -1.6 0.7 -0.7 0.4 3.2 1.8
Leg fat-free mass (right) 0.8 4.0 28.4 5.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -1.6 0.0 0.0 -0.4 2.6 1.6
Arm fat percentage (left) 0.6 2.4 5.8 -0.9 2.1 2.4 -1.6 -0.1 -1.7 2.1 -1.5 -0.3 1.3
Average weekly red wine intake 2.9 4.3 7.4 -1.7 2.6 2.3 -2.3 2.2 -2.1 2.7 -1.9 -0.5 -1.6
Handedness (chirality/laterality): Left-handed 15.5 18.7 29.5 -2.9 5.2 5.4 -5.0 3.8 -5.0 5.2 -4.7 -2.4 -1.9
Mood swings 24.8 44.8 66.2 6.2 -7.8 -8.1 7.7 -6.4 7.6 -8.1 7.1 1.4 2.5
Loneliness, isolation 9.3 12.9 19.7 3.9 -4.2 -4.4 4.1 -3.4 3.9 -4.2 3.8 -0.3 0.8
Long-standing illness, disability or infirmity 1.2 1.9 3.6 1.8 -1.1 -0.3 1.4 -1.7 1.5 -1.0 1.3 -1.9 -0.8
Ever had bowel cancer screening 3.3 3.8 7.1 -0.7 2.7 2.3 -2.2 2.2 -2.2 2.6 -1.9 0.7 0.0
Diabetes diagnosed by doctor 0.3 0.4 1.5 0.8 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -1.1 0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.5 -1.2
Ever had stillbirth, spontaneous miscarriage or termination 0.2 0.3 1.1 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 1.1 -0.2
Friendships satisfaction 2.1 2.7 5.5 1.1 -1.8 -1.8 1.9 -2.4 1.9 -1.8 1.8 -0.3 -0.5
Qualifications: nursing, teaching 3.1 4.8 9.5 -1.4 2.6 3.1 -2.3 2.3 -2.3 2.8 -2.2 0.0 -1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Walk 0.2 0.2 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.8
Eye problems/disorders: Cataract 1.8 2.1 3.8 0.1 -1.6 -1.0 1.6 -1.9 1.9 -1.3 1.7 -1.0 -1.4
Mouth/teeth dental problems: Mouth ulcers 16.7 26.6 41.0 4.7 -6.4 -6.2 6.1 -4.2 6.1 -6.4 5.2 1.4 1.4
Medication for cholesterol 5.7 8.7 16.4 1.5 -3.5 -4.0 3.5 -2.6 3.5 -3.5 3.3 0.1 -0.6
Medication: Laxatives (e.g. Dulcolax, Senokot) 0.9 1.0 6.6 -0.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -2.6 -1.4
Back pain experienced in last month 0.4 0.6 4.2 2.1 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.5
Mineral and other dietary supplements 1.1 1.4 4.7 1.3 1.3 0.9 -1.0 1.1 -0.8 1.4 -0.8 2.2 -0.2
Breast cancer (self-reported) 5.6 6.7 11.6 -1.9 3.3 2.9 -2.7 3.4 -3.0 3.1 -2.3 0.9 0.8
Asthma (self-reported) 0.8 1.6 9.9 0.4 0.9 1.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 1.3 -0.7 -3.1 0.1
Osteoporosis (self-reported) 4.3 5.3 8.8 2.0 -2.8 -2.7 2.8 -1.6 2.8 -3.0 2.6 -0.2 0.7
Osteoarthritis (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 2.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 1.0 -1.4 0.9 -0.2 1.3 0.2 1.1
Medication: Aspirin 1.1 1.4 4.2 0.8 -1.0 -0.8 0.7 -2.0 0.9 -0.8 0.4 2.0 1.1
Medication: Gliclazide 1.5 1.7 2.8 1.7 -1.5 -1.5 1.3 -1.4 1.4 -1.5 1.0 -0.1 1.0
Illnesses of father: None of the above (group 1) 3.5 4.4 7.8 -2.8 2.2 2.0 -2.2 1.8 -2.3 2.0 -2.1 -2.4 0.2
Smoking status: Current 1.2 1.9 2.7 -1.3 1.6 1.6 -1.2 0.3 -1.2 1.6 -1.0 -1.6 -1.5
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), predicted percentage 22.1 46.6 72.5 -3.7 8.2 7.3 -8.5 6.0 -8.3 8.3 -7.9 -3.5 -3.1
Whole body water mass 1.0 5.9 38.8 6.2 -0.9 -1.3 0.8 -1.7 0.8 -0.8 0.5 3.1 1.7
Leg predicted mass (right) 0.8 4.1 28.8 5.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.0 -1.7 0.1 -0.0 -0.3 2.6 1.5
Arm fat mass (left) 0.3 1.4 3.2 1.4 1.2 1.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 1.3 -0.8 0.9 1.8
Number of self-reported non-cancer illnesses 0.8 1.4 4.3 0.8 -0.7 -0.5 1.4 -1.5 1.3 -0.5 1.4 -2.1 -0.1
Average weekly champagne plus white wine intake 9.5 13.1 23.2 -1.9 4.8 3.6 -3.8 4.7 -4.2 4.4 -3.2 -1.8 -1.9
Miserableness 12.7 22.1 40.8 3.8 -5.9 -6.4 5.2 -4.5 5.2 -6.0 4.5 -0.1 0.1
Guilty feelings 11.4 17.2 33.0 3.0 -5.1 -5.7 4.7 -3.8 4.5 -5.4 4.2 -0.1 0.7
Wears glasses or contact lenses 0.7 0.8 2.7 1.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.5 1.7 0.1
Ever taken oral contraceptive pill 3.4 3.8 7.8 0.4 -2.4 -1.7 2.6 -1.3 2.7 -2.3 2.8 -0.2 -0.2
Hearing aid user 2.3 2.6 5.6 0.1 -2.2 -2.4 1.8 -1.2 1.9 -2.1 1.3 0.4 -0.9
Mother’s age at death 1.5 1.8 9.2 0.0 0.8 1.2 0.0 0.5 -0.2 0.9 0.4 2.3 3.0
Financial situation satisfaction 1.0 1.2 5.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 -1.9 0.4 -0.5 0.1 -2.2 -1.5
Tinnitus: Yes, now most or all of the time 2.2 2.5 7.1 1.1 -1.4 -2.1 1.6 -0.3 1.5 -1.4 1.6 1.1 2.7
Commuting to job workplace: Public transport 4.1 4.9 8.2 -2.2 2.4 2.3 -2.3 2.9 -2.1 2.4 -2.3 2.0 -0.6
Eye problems/disorders: Glaucoma 4.8 5.7 9.4 0.8 -3.0 -2.7 3.0 -1.3 2.8 -3.1 2.9 1.2 1.4
Medication: Blood pressure 9.6 18.2 28.4 -2.8 4.9 5.3 -5.1 3.8 -5.3 4.9 -5.1 -1.9 -0.0
Pain type(s) experienced in last month: Hip pain 3.5 4.4 6.9 1.8 -2.2 -1.9 2.4 -2.6 2.3 -2.3 2.6 0.5 1.7
Supplements: Fish oil (including cod liver oil) 1.1 1.4 8.5 -2.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -2.9 -0.1
High cholesterol (Self-reported) 0.7 1.3 2.6 -1.5 1.4 1.6 -1.0 -0.6 -1.0 1.4 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1
Medication: Bendroflumethiazide 2.8 4.3 7.6 -0.5 2.5 2.8 -2.3 2.0 -2.6 2.5 -2.2 -1.1 -0.0
Medication: Paracetamol 23.3 36.1 57.7 4.5 -7.6 -6.4 7.1 -6.7 7.1 -7.3 6.5 0.1 0.7
Medication: Lisinopril 2.5 3.2 6.1 -1.2 1.9 2.1 -2.3 1.0 -2.3 1.9 -2.5 -1.0 0.0
Medication: Atorvastatin 0.6 0.7 5.0 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.6 -2.2
Illnesses of father: High blood pressure 1.4 1.7 4.4 0.4 1.4 2.1 -1.3 0.5 -1.3 1.6 -1.1 -1.1 -1.4
Alcohol drinker status: Never 1.1 1.3 2.4 0.9 -1.3 -1.0 1.3 -1.5 1.1 -1.4 1.1 -0.2 0.8
Ever smoked 3.8 6.6 9.6 -1.4 2.7 2.8 -3.1 0.7 -2.9 2.9 -3.1 -2.3 -2.8
Basal metabolic rate 0.8 4.6 31.7 5.6 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 -1.5 0.4 -0.3 0.1 2.8 1.8
Leg fat percentage (left) 0.4 1.4 2.8 -1.5 1.5 1.7 -0.8 0.7 -0.9 1.4 -0.5 -0.4 1.7
Arm fat-free mass (left) 1.1 5.6 33.1 5.8 -0.9 -1.4 0.9 -1.5 0.9 -0.8 0.7 3.2 2.1
Number of operations (self-reported) 1.9 2.8 6.1 0.4 -2.3 -2.5 2.0 0.0 2.0 -2.3 1.6 0.9 0.0
Average weekly beer plus cider intake 3.4 4.9 7.2 -2.2 2.2 2.3 -2.5 1.7 -2.5 2.2 -2.7 -2.2 -1.5
Irritability 13.3 22.5 37.2 2.8 -6.0 -5.6 5.7 -3.8 5.6 -6.1 5.1 2.4 1.9
Risk taking 0.8 1.2 2.7 -0.7 -1.5 -1.6 1.3 0.6 1.1 -1.5 1.0 0.0 0.4
Ever had prostate specific antigen (PSA) test 1.0 1.2 4.5 2.1 0.4 0.7 0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.7 0.8 2.1 0.6
Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years 6.0 7.7 15.6 0.8 -3.6 -3.9 3.0 -1.8 3.2 -3.9 2.9 1.4 0.3
Age started oral contraceptive pill 2.6 3.3 7.0 -1.1 1.8 1.7 -1.6 2.6 -1.7 1.7 -1.3 2.4 1.6
Diastolic blood pressure, automated reading 2.5 7.8 12.0 -2.1 3.3 3.1 -2.8 3.4 -2.8 3.5 -2.1 -2.9 0.6
Ever depressed for a whole week 8.1 9.9 17.1 1.2 -3.7 -4.1 3.7 -3.5 3.6 -3.9 3.4 0.5 1.1
Unable to work because of sickness or disability 1.0 1.3 6.4 1.7 -0.6 0.0 0.6 -0.9 0.6 -0.4 0.3 -2.5 -1.4
Commuting to job workplace: Cycle 0.5 0.6 2.9 -0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.7 -1.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.9 0.2 -1.7
Myopia 6.8 9.9 16.6 -2.2 3.7 3.4 -4.1 2.4 -3.8 3.5 -4.0 -0.2 -2.0
Vascular/heart problems diagnosed by doctor 3.0 8.2 12.2 2.5 -3.3 -3.5 3.1 -2.8 3.2 -3.3 3.0 2.4 0.2
Cholesterol lowering medication 0.8 1.2 2.6 -1.1 1.4 1.6 -1.1 0.5 -1.2 1.3 -0.9 -0.4 0.6
Medication: Omeprazole (e.g. Zanprol) 2.6 3.2 5.5 -1.5 2.1 2.2 -1.9 0.4 -2.1 2.3 -1.9 -1.7 -0.1
Pain experienced in last month 8.2 13.7 18.7 -4.3 4.1 4.2 -4.2 3.4 -4.1 4.1 -4.0 0.2 -2.5
Supplements: Calcium 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.1 -1.1 -1.0 1.1 -0.7 1.0 -1.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.5
Basal cell carcinoma (self-reported) 0.6 0.7 3.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.7 -1.9 -1.2
Heart attack/myocardial infarction (self-reported) 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.2
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (self-reported) 1.0 1.2 2.2 1.2 -0.8 -1.4 1.1 -1.5 1.0 -0.7 1.2 -0.9 1.2
Heart disease (siblings) 7.8 9.5 12.5 3.0 -3.5 -3.4 3.5 -3.1 3.4 -3.4 3.5 1.0 2.0
Alcohol drinker status: Previous 0.8 0.9 7.2 -0.5 0.6 0.6 -0.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -2.7 0.3
Pack years of smoking 1.1 1.6 2.8 0.1 -1.4 -1.3 1.7 -0.5 1.4 -1.4 1.7 -1.3 0.6
Impedance of whole body 7.9 40.4 56.1 -6.9 7.5 7.1 -6.8 5.1 -6.7 7.5 -6.1 -5.2 -3.6
Leg fat mass (left) 0.3 1.1 2.9 0.7 1.3 1.4 -0.7 -0.1 -0.9 1.3 -0.7 0.5 1.7
Arm predicted mass (left) 0.9 4.8 30.7 5.5 -0.5 -0.9 0.6 -1.2 0.5 -0.4 0.4 3.1 2.2